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documentation for the design and planning of
Belgravia, and it appears that it was simply part of the larger plan for the St. James area. The Courier Journal reports deed transfers contemporaneous with those of St. James from the Victoria Land Company to individuals who purchased lots and built homes. The first three houses built on the court were originally numbered 3, 7 and 9 but are now numbered 504, 510 and 512. Mr. Southern K. Davie, a dealer in leaf tobacco, built the home at 504. The first residents of number 510 were newly weds Mr. and Mrs. Benjamin H. Ridgely. (Mr. Ridgely was an author and political appointee under President Grover Cleveland.) From those first houses in 1891 through 1901/1902, buyers purchased lots and built homes in a variety of late Victorian styles.
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the development of the apartment building on the grounds that it violated the terms of the deed transfers for St James. The case alleged that when the property was subdivided the terms stipulated that the lots should be “used exclusively for the erection of private residences, according to a plan of uniformity and symmetry”. Neighbors objected not only to the height of the structure, but also to the nature of rental units and a proposed restaurant in the basement of the building. The apartment building was ultimately built with all five stories and stood eighty-two feet high. The upper floors of the building were damaged by fire in
February 1912, and the building was refurbished and redesigned with only the current three stories.
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First, Belgravia is on a significantly smaller scale. Whereas homes on St. James may average around 7,000 sq. ft. per house, homes on
Belgravia average around 3,000-3,500 sq. ft. The common spaces are also reduced in size. Those size reductions lead to the second distinction from St. James, and that is that Belgravia is strictly a pedestrian court. There are two parallel sidewalks running the length of the court that mirror the one-way streets on St. James, but no access for carriages in the 1890s or later for automobiles. The architect
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expansiveness given the overall proportions. The cathedral pattern continues with the dual streets forming aisles, a second row of trees providing additional columns, and the homes themselves forming proportional chapels along the perimeters. None of the surviving reports note a designer nor a specific precedent. The overall design, symmetry, and proportions of all the elements harmonize well together.
322:, and two World Wars accelerated the decline. By 1952 the deterioration in Old Louisville was obvious, but St. James and Belgravia retained much of their charm and distinctiveness. To reverse this decline and to market the value of the architecture, neighbors came together to start a fundraiser for St. James, and in 1957 they held the first
269:. As the city continued to develop south of the Ohio River, areas like this were used for various purposes over time. The land that is today St. James and Belgravia was at one time used for truck-farming and by 1875 became the site of a baseball park. The land was later cleared, buildings were erected, and it hosted the
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300,000. Leading residents of the city acquired lots from the
Victoria Land Company and built homes over the next decade. Each home is unique and represents a distinctive expression of Victorian architecture and of Louisville's prosperity and growth. Nearly all the lots were sold and developed into single family homes.
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newspaper from the years 1898 to 1927 indicate that the house was continuously owned and occupied by Mr. and Mrs. George Hall Wilson, a childless but socially prominent and active pair who today would be regarded as a power couple; it was they who purchased adjoining land to the south of the house to
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article (April 23, 1893, p. 10) announces that the recently married Mr. and Mrs. George C. Avery "are now occupying their new residence, the Casino, out in St. James Court." The Caron's
Louisville Directories indicate that the Avery's resided at 39 St. James through 1897, thereafter it is put on the
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Belgravia's design copies that of St. James with a central common green space that is flanked by parallel sidewalks and two rows of tall shade trees. It also resembles the cathedral pattern of nave, aisles, columns, and side chapels. Belgravia is distinctly different in two important ways, however.
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In July 1890, Slaughter began working with a development group known as the
Victoria Land Company to develop the court. The Victoria Land Company, composed of Messrs. John D. Taggard, John Stites, George H. Moore, and George Birob, acquired the entire tract of land from Slaughter for the price of $
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One lot directly across from the central fountain was sold by the
Victoria Land Company to Oscar Turner Jr. The Phillips Investment Company began developing this lot in 1895 into a five-story apartment building. Dr. L.S. McMurtry filed suit against Turner and Phillips Investment Company to prevent
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The plan announced in the
Courier Journal in June 1890 described the layout of the homes, sidewalks, streets, trees, and common green space. What would have been S. Fifth Street became an open green space that was 800 feet long by 125 feet wide and flanked by single lane streets flanking the green
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reported that
William H. Slaughter purchased 52 lots of land between S. Fourth and S. Sixth Streets. The report also detailed his plan to develop a new area of homes that would “result in the establishment of one of the most beautiful residence sites in this city of beautiful residences.” The
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The orientation of the long, wide central green space and the tall shade trees lining the perimeter echo the pattern of the central nave of a cathedral with trees forming columns and a canopied vault overhead. Walking the length of the central green space delivers a sense of progression and
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Belgravia Court was also developed by the
Victoria Land Company simultaneously with St. James Court. St. James runs north and south between Fourth and Sixth Streets, while Belgravia runs perpendicular to St. James and crosses it near the south end Hill Street intersection. There is little
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business. After Conrad died on February 13, 1905, William E. Caldwell bought it for his family's residence and called it their home for 35 years. In 1947 the local Presbyterian church acquired it, and for the next forty years it was the Rose Anna Hughes Presbyterian Retirement Home.
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announcement noted without explanation that this new area would be named St. James Court. Although not stated, the selection of the names St. James and Belgravia, with their connections to London, England, were meant to enhance the exclusiveness of this new area and these new homes.
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space. Homes were set back from the streets paralleling the central green space. The planned homes were fronted by sidewalks and rows of shade trees. In this original design, the landscape plan also called for three fountains, although only one was eventually installed.
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provides more detail, but those same factors quickly affected St. James and Belgravia Courts. Changes in transportation (autos, street cars, and rail) and increased costs for domestic help made these homes less desirable within a couple decades of being built. The
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give the property an enlarged rear yard. The Wilsons were Southern Baptists but there is no evidence that Ida Wilson was a member of the Temperance Union. The house was conveyed in 1927 to John Parker and Ruth Gregory and was their residence until 1943.
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Most homes on St. James (and Belgravia Court) were built between 1892 and 1905. Unfortunately, it was not long after the area was developed that the seeds of its decline took root and grew. A longer summary of the decline of
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The St. James Court Historic Foundation, Inc, a 501(c)3 non-profit organization, has owned the building since 1987, and uses it for a museum. The building complex also offers rental spaces for a variety of uses.
343:, who toured Belgravia in 1952, said that Belgravia was “a wonderful place”. He appreciated Belgravia because “of the sense of enclosed space you get in there. And no cars honking, tearing the spaces apart.”
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Located at the corner of St. James and Belgravia Courts, the Pink Palace, built in 1891, was not originally a home, but an exclusive Gentleman's Club and Casino for the residents of the Court.
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Slaughter's plan in 1890 included later developments of a stable for homeowners to house their horses and carriages, and a club or restaurant for residential entertainment.
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The Jefferson County Women's Christian Temperance Union purchased the property on May 28, 1948, and held the property until September 1972.
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After the close of the Exposition, the buildings were razed, and William H. Slaughter began acquiring the land in 1889. By June 1890, the
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This entire subparagraph is problematic at best and ought to cite more sources for what amounts to hardly more than an urban legend. A
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518:. Kleber, John E., 1941-, Kinsman, Mary Jean., Clark, Thomas D., Yater, George E. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. 2001.
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article of February 25, 1894 p. 16 gives the cost of the house at "about $ 75,000 independent of the grounds and furnishings."
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730:, September 4, 1891 p. 8 - "Building permits issued for... the St. James Court Casino, Fourth, near Hill, brick, $ 10,000."
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in 1972. It comprises St. James Court (north) and Belgravia Court (south). It is bordered to the north by Louisville's
650:. Architect Tosses Roses at Belgravia Court and Stones at Broadway and C-J 'Factory". May 17, 1952. Section 1, page 7.
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Gregory Luhan, Dennis Domer, David Mohoney. The Louisville Guide Princeton Architectural Press, 2004 p. 240, 241
601:. ST. JAMES COURT: Something of Mr. Slaughter's Plan For Beautifying a Part of Louisville. June 8, 1890, page 4.
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manuscript. George Yater Papers, Series II, Box 5, folder Belgravia, University of Louisville Archives
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The history of St. James and Belgravia Courts is part of the broader story of what is now known as
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625:. M'MURTRY OBJECTS: Files Suit Against the Phillips Investment Company ... June 22, 1895, page 8.
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which takes place annually the first weekend of October. Belgravia Court takes its name from
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from 1883 to 1887. The exhibition was held on 23 acres of open land south of Central Park.
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University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
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flooring, the designs mimic quilt patterns and feature the woodwork in the room.
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for Theophile Conrad and his wife, Mary. Mr. Conrad found his fortune in the
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Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Kentucky
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List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
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Deed Bk 2370, pp. 474-77. Jefferson County Court records deed room.
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shaped. Randomly placed on the building are carving of animals,
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market for $ 10,000 and is sold to George Hall and Ida Wilson.
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National Register of Historic Places in Louisville, Kentucky
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589:. "Mr. Slaughter's Scheme." September 28, 1889, page 8.
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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886:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
687:NRHP Nomination Form ID75000772, February 7, 1975
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502:St. James Court and the St. James Court Art Show
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785:Historic Old Louisville Visitor Center website
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613:. An Immense Transfer. July 3, 1890, page 8.
16:Historic district in Kentucky, United States
636:Belgravia Court Houses and Their Histories.
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562:"St. James–Belgravia Historic District"
388:-Romanesque. Made of Bedford (Indiana)
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186:Architectural style
98:St. James Court fountain
568:. National Park Service
39:38.230333°N 85.762639°W
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860:Keeper of the Register
676:University of Kentucky
546:: CS1 maint: others (
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255:Pink Palace
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1303:Categories
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912:California
718:Kleber 218
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542:cite book
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902:Arizona
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426:parquet
402:pyramid
378:tanning
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967:Kansas
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897:Alaska
833:Topics
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947:Idaho
418:maple
394:coned
1158:Guam
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574:2017
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530:OCLC
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