1356:
sufficient and they are frequently small enough that one or more can be neglected. For example, an imported ale with SRM equal to 6.8 has coefficients -0.07 and -0.1. Using both these coefficients one obtains color accuracy of less than one Lab space unit (the limit of perception) in up to a 10 cm path under
Illuminant C. Using just the SRM for this beer gives a reasonably good description of its color with error of about 4 Lab units. Beers which deviate dramatically from the "average" spectrum are easily accommodated. Thus a sample of
250:
them) on visual comparison of the sample to tinted glass discs. Beer colors measured in SRM and degrees
Lovibond were, as noted above, approximately equal at the time of adoption of the SRM. However, modern analytical methods show that SRM and Lovibond diverge for darker colors. Comparison of EBC and Lovibond data published by modern malsters shows that the relationship between SRM and Lovibond (ÂşL) is:
1360:(Belgian cherry beer), has an SRM of 15.27. Were its color to be reconstructed from just the SRM it would be the color of an "average" beer which will be dark amber – not the red of a Kriek. Including 3 coeffiecents (1.8, 0.8 and -0.1) yields color accuracy of less than 1 Lab unit in paths up to 8 cm again under Illuminant C.
421:
turbidity free. If not, it is to be filtered or centrifuged and the reading repeated. If the ratio test is not passed after clarification then the beer does not have "average spectral characteristics" and, technically, is not qualified to be characterized by the SRM method. The augmented SRM method described below removes this difficulty.
1201:
62:, as it passes through 1 cm of beer contained in a standard 1 cm by 1 cm cuvette. The absorption is the log of the ratio of the intensity of the light beam entering the sample to the intensity leaving. This difference is multiplied by 12.7 in the SRM system and 25 in the EBC (see below).
1355:
coefficients which encode the deviation of the sample normalized spectrum from the average normalized spectrum. Where the sample beer has a normalized spectrum close to the average the c's are small and it is remarkable how often this is the case. Typically one or two augmentation coefficients are
249:
which had recognized the need for an instrument based measurement of color unburdened by the difficulties of the
Lovibond system which relies (it is still in use in many industries including brewing – malts are often labeled with the Lovibond color of laboratory worts prepared from
741:
There has been interest in tristimulus reporting in the brewing community in recent years and the ASBC has an approved Method of
Analysis for tristimulus characterization. The absorption of the sample is measured in 1 cm at 81 wavelengths separated by 5 nm starting at 380 nm and
420:
Both systems demand that the beer be free of turbidity prior to the measurement at 430 nm. In the SRM a second measurement is taken at 700 nm. If the absorption at this wavelength is less than 0.039 (this number comes from ) times the absorption at 430 nm the beer is considered
78:
shows that the multiplier should be 12.7 rather than 10. When the SRM value for a beer or wort is larger than about 30 the log linear limit of some instruments using 1 cm cuvettes is approached. In such cases the sample is diluted with deionized water. Using Beer–Lambert again gives the
956:
711:
65:
For example, if the light intensity leaving is one one-hundredth the light intensity entering the ratio is 100, the absorption is 2 and the SRM is 25.4. The scale factor derives from the original definition of SRM discussed in the next paragraph.
36:) number represents a single point in the absorption spectrum of beer. As such it cannot convey full color information which would require 81 points, but it does remarkably well in this regard (it conveys 92% of spectral information) even when
987:
720:
from the SRM measured at 430 nm and thus interconvert between SRM and old EBC this is not where its value lies. Because it represents, at least approximately, the full absorption spectrum of the beer it can be used to calculate the
973:
color guide was prepared in this way. This illustrates that the SRM does convey full color information if the beer has average spectral characteristics. If it does not then we need more information than just the SRM provides.
73:
of the beer measured in a 1/2-inch cell with monochromatic light at 430 nanometers." Modern spectrophotometers use 1 cm cuvettes rather than 1/2 inch ones. When a 1 cm cuvette is used, application of the
416:
Thus EBC is approximately twice SRM and this applies at any color depth. The agreement between SRM and
Lovibond is fair for pale beers (10 °L ~ 12.7 SRM) but worsens for darker beers or worts (40 °L ~ 53.4 SRM).
800:
556:
log linear. The absorption of 1 cm of a beer with "average spectral characteristics" (average here means the average of the absorption spectra of the ensemble of 99 beers as described in) at wavelength
28:
of light of a particular wavelength (430 nm) in passing through 1 cm of the beer, expressing the attenuation as an absorption and scaling the absorption by a constant (12.7 for SRM; 25 for EBC).
1327:
of the eigenvectors with the normalized transmission spectrum of the beer being characterized. This formula is identical to the one given previously with the exception that it has been augmented by the
548:
A formula for converting between the old EBC color value and SRM sometimes continues to appear in literature. It should not be used, as it is flawed and based on measurements which are no longer taken.
1363:
Augmented SRM is advantageous relative to the ASBC tristimulus method in that color under any viewing circumstances can be computed in addition to which the familiar SRM rating is retained. Because of
583:
238:
The 430-nanometer wavelength corresponds to a deep blue (violet) light, and was chosen, as was the multiplier, to make values determined in the SRM system comparable to those determined using the
411:
370:
543:
43:
Auxiliary "deviation coefficients" (see
Augmented SRM below) can pick up the remainder and are necessary for fruit beers and when subtle color differences in malt beers are to be characterized.
306:
131:
69:
The SRM number was originally, and still is, defined by "Beer color intensity on a sample free of turbidity and having the spectral characteristics of an average beer is 10 times the
765:
If we are given only the SRM value for a beer we can compute the approximate transmission spectrum if the beer has average spectral characteristics simply by taking the antilog of
1196:{\displaystyle T(\lambda )=log^{-1}(-{SRM \over 12.7}(0.018747e^{-{(\lambda -430) \over 13.374}}+0.98226e^{-{(\lambda -430) \over 80.514}}+c_{1}\xi _{1}+c_{2}\xi _{2}+...))}
1267:
792:
321:
system of color measurement is similar to the SRM. Measurements are taken at 430 nm in a 1 cm cell but the unit of color is 25 times the dilution factor times A
1733:
A.J. deLange,"The
Standard Reference Method of Beer Color Specification as the Basis for a New Method of Beer Color Reporting", J.Am.Soc. Brew. Chem 66(3) 143-150, 2008
1240:
of the normalized transmission spectra of the ensemble of beers from which the average normalized spectrum (the sum of the two exponential terms in parentheses in the
1230:
575:
233:
762:
is 1 cm. The choice of path, illuminant, observer and color space does not represent a limitation of E-308 but rather the ASBC's need to standardize reporting.
1353:
1321:
1294:
472:
965:. This formula could, for example, be used to compute color patches to be printed on transparency or card stock for use in evaluating the SRM of actual beers but
206:
180:
154:
1367:
one cannot, in the general case of non zero deviation coefficients, estimate the original spectrum from the Lab values reported by the ASBC method.
982:
Recent research has shown that the transmission spectrum of a beer (with no restriction on its spectral characteristics) can be represented by:
961:
This can be used with E-308 to calculate tristimulus color in any path, for any illuminant, for either observer in any colorspace derivable from
1357:
1715:
ASTM E-308-96 "Standard
Practices for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System", ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA 1996
951:{\displaystyle T(\lambda )=log^{-1}(-{SRM \over 12.7}(0.018747e^{-{(\lambda -430) \over 13.374}}+0.98226e^{-{(\lambda -430) \over 80.514}}))}
55:
and EBC measurements are now identical (both done at the same wavelength and in the same size cuvette) but the scaling is different.
706:{\displaystyle A(\lambda )={SRM \over 12.7}(0.018747e^{-{(\lambda -430) \over 13.374}}+0.98226e^{-{(\lambda -430) \over 80.514}})}
1789:
435:, which permitted no direct conversion between the two systems. However, if one assumes a linear log absorption spectrum (the
1816:
246:
52:
24:
is one of several systems modern brewers use to specify beer color. Determination of the SRM value involves measuring the
424:
In the EBC system the beer is required to be filtered if its turbidity is more than 1 EBC turbidity unit (equivalent to 1
376:
335:
480:
256:
428:). No absorption measurement is made other than at 430 nm. (the turbidimeter measures scattering at 650 nm).
1684:
Irwin Stone, Miller, M.C. "The
Standardization of Methods for the Determination of Color in Beer"ASBC Proceedings 1949
1762:
1749:
85:
969:
prepared in this way are only valid for the illuminant, observer and path used in the E-308 calculation. The
729:
which describes the color an observer actually sees) of a beer of known SRM by following the prescription of
58:
A photometer or spectrophotometer is used to measure the attenuation of deep blue (violet) light at 430
33:
1782:
746:
of each absorption) and inserting the results into ASTM E-308. The reported tristimulus values are in
1243:
768:
425:
1693:
2.13.2 Spektralphotometrisch (EBC-Methode), Brautechnische
Analysenmethoden Band II, MEBAK 2002
966:
1702:
R T Linner, "Caramel color: a new method of determining its color hue and tinctorial power."
1208:
560:
1775:
211:
962:
1634:
1504:
1331:
1299:
1272:
759:
755:
450:
75:
8:
751:
185:
159:
1364:
743:
730:
139:
1758:
1745:
1462:
1237:
1519:
742:
extending to 780 nm. These are converted to transmission values (by taking the
1844:
444:
436:
239:
1413:
747:
1592:
1849:
1649:
1500:
1466:
1838:
1630:
1600:
440:
1577:
1542:
1767:
1810:
1324:
1233:
726:
722:
431:
Note that an earlier version of EBC color was based on absorption at 530
37:
25:
1596:
1538:
1523:
1432:
1401:
70:
1704:
Proceedings of the Society of Soft Drink Technologists Annual Meeting,
1675:"Beer 10-A Spectrophotometric Color Method", ASBC Methods of Analysis
1565:
1550:
1481:
1447:
432:
59:
1546:
1409:
1428:
1405:
1370:
1573:
1485:
552:
Part of the problem with this formula is that beer spectra are
716:
While it is clear that one could use this formula to compute A
1615:
1798:
1569:
970:
1724:"Beer 10-C Tristimulus Analysis", ASBC Methods of Analysis
79:
mathematical definition of SRM in the general case as:
391:
381:
350:
340:
1334:
1302:
1275:
1246:
1211:
990:
803:
771:
586:
563:
483:
453:
379:
338:
259:
214:
188:
162:
142:
88:
406:{\displaystyle {\mbox{SRM}}={\mbox{EBC}}\times .508}
365:{\displaystyle {\mbox{EBC}}={\mbox{SRM}}\times 1.97}
325:
as opposed to 12.7 times the dilution factor times A
538:{\displaystyle A_{430}=A_{530}\times 10^{H_{L}/10}}
1347:
1315:
1288:
1261:
1224:
1195:
950:
786:
705:
569:
537:
466:
405:
364:
301:{\displaystyle SRM=1.3546\times {^{\circ }L}-0.76}
300:
227:
200:
174:
148:
125:
1836:
1376:Color based on Standard Reference Method (SRM)
242:system in use at the time the SRM was adopted.
1371:Color based on Standard Reference Method (SRM)
126:{\displaystyle SRM=12.7\times D\times A_{430}}
1783:
750:color space and describe what is seen under
235:the absorbance at 430 nm in 1 cm.
1797:
725:color (three color coordinates in a chosen
1790:
1776:
1837:
1771:
1696:
46:
736:
247:American Society of Brewing Chemists
245:The SRM was adopted in 1950 by the
13:
474:, the absorptions are related by:
14:
1861:
977:
1727:
1718:
1709:
1687:
1678:
1669:
1256:
1250:
1190:
1187:
1118:
1106:
1078:
1066:
1049:
1025:
1000:
994:
945:
942:
931:
919:
891:
879:
862:
838:
813:
807:
781:
775:
700:
689:
677:
649:
637:
620:
596:
590:
1:
1662:
1269:formula) was determined and
439:hypothesis from the realm of
7:
1262:{\displaystyle A(\lambda )}
787:{\displaystyle A(\lambda )}
208:for 1:1 dilution etc.) and
10:
1866:
1806:
1323:etc. are obtained as the
18:Standard Reference Method
1225:{\displaystyle \xi _{i}}
570:{\displaystyle \lambda }
156:is the dilution factor (
76:Bouguer–Beer–Lambert law
228:{\displaystyle A_{430}}
182:for undiluted samples,
1349:
1317:
1290:
1263:
1226:
1197:
952:
788:
707:
571:
539:
468:
407:
366:
312:
302:
229:
202:
176:
150:
127:
1350:
1348:{\displaystyle c_{i}}
1318:
1316:{\displaystyle c_{2}}
1291:
1289:{\displaystyle c_{1}}
1264:
1227:
1198:
953:
789:
708:
577:is well described by
572:
540:
469:
467:{\displaystyle H_{L}}
408:
367:
303:
230:
203:
177:
151:
128:
1332:
1300:
1273:
1244:
1209:
988:
801:
769:
584:
561:
481:
451:
377:
336:
257:
212:
186:
160:
140:
86:
1377:
201:{\displaystyle D=2}
175:{\displaystyle D=1}
1801:measurement scales
1757:, Graham Wheeler,
1742:Dictionary of Beer
1375:
1345:
1313:
1286:
1259:
1222:
1193:
948:
784:
754:C (daylight) by a
703:
567:
535:
464:
403:
395:
385:
362:
354:
344:
298:
225:
198:
172:
146:
123:
47:Measurement method
1832:
1831:
1660:
1659:
1463:American Pale Ale
1238:covariance matrix
1125:
1085:
1047:
938:
898:
860:
737:Tristimulus color
696:
656:
618:
443:), and knows the
394:
384:
353:
343:
149:{\displaystyle D}
40:are considered.
1857:
1792:
1785:
1778:
1769:
1768:
1734:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1716:
1713:
1707:
1700:
1694:
1691:
1685:
1682:
1676:
1673:
1378:
1374:
1354:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1295:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1221:
1220:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1174:
1173:
1164:
1163:
1151:
1150:
1141:
1140:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1104:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1064:
1048:
1043:
1032:
1024:
1023:
957:
955:
954:
949:
941:
940:
939:
934:
917:
901:
900:
899:
894:
877:
861:
856:
845:
837:
836:
793:
791:
790:
785:
712:
710:
709:
704:
699:
698:
697:
692:
675:
659:
658:
657:
652:
635:
619:
614:
603:
576:
574:
573:
568:
544:
542:
541:
536:
534:
533:
529:
524:
523:
506:
505:
493:
492:
473:
471:
470:
465:
463:
462:
445:Linner Hue Index
412:
410:
409:
404:
396:
392:
386:
382:
371:
369:
368:
363:
355:
351:
345:
341:
307:
305:
304:
299:
291:
287:
286:
234:
232:
231:
226:
224:
223:
207:
205:
204:
199:
181:
179:
178:
173:
155:
153:
152:
147:
132:
130:
129:
124:
122:
121:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1802:
1796:
1744:, Ed: A. Webb,
1738:
1737:
1732:
1728:
1723:
1719:
1714:
1710:
1701:
1697:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1679:
1674:
1670:
1665:
1593:Irish Dry Stout
1414:Berliner Weisse
1373:
1339:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1307:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1280:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1216:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1169:
1165:
1159:
1155:
1146:
1142:
1136:
1132:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1033:
1031:
1016:
1012:
989:
986:
985:
980:
918:
916:
912:
908:
878:
876:
872:
868:
846:
844:
829:
825:
802:
799:
798:
770:
767:
766:
739:
719:
676:
674:
670:
666:
636:
634:
630:
626:
604:
602:
585:
582:
581:
562:
559:
558:
525:
519:
515:
514:
510:
501:
497:
488:
484:
482:
479:
478:
458:
454:
452:
449:
448:
390:
380:
378:
375:
374:
349:
339:
337:
334:
333:
328:
324:
315:
282:
279:
278:
258:
255:
254:
219:
215:
213:
210:
209:
187:
184:
183:
161:
158:
157:
141:
138:
137:
117:
113:
87:
84:
83:
49:
12:
11:
5:
1863:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1795:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1752:
1736:
1735:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1706:1970, p 63-72.
1695:
1686:
1677:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1650:Imperial Stout
1647:
1643:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1628:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1613:
1609:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1590:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1520:Bière de Garde
1517:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1501:English Bitter
1498:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1479:
1475:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1467:India Pale Ale
1460:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1372:
1369:
1342:
1338:
1310:
1306:
1283:
1279:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1219:
1215:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1145:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
979:
976:
967:color swatches
959:
958:
947:
944:
937:
933:
930:
927:
924:
921:
915:
911:
907:
904:
897:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
875:
871:
867:
864:
859:
855:
852:
849:
843:
840:
835:
832:
828:
824:
821:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
783:
780:
777:
774:
738:
735:
717:
714:
713:
702:
695:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
673:
669:
665:
662:
655:
651:
648:
645:
642:
639:
633:
629:
625:
622:
617:
613:
610:
607:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
566:
546:
545:
532:
528:
522:
518:
513:
509:
504:
500:
496:
491:
487:
461:
457:
414:
413:
402:
399:
389:
372:
361:
358:
348:
326:
322:
314:
311:
310:
309:
297:
294:
290:
285:
281:
277:
274:
271:
268:
265:
262:
222:
218:
197:
194:
191:
171:
168:
165:
145:
134:
133:
120:
116:
112:
109:
106:
103:
100:
97:
94:
91:
48:
45:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1862:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1800:
1793:
1788:
1786:
1781:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1764:
1763:1-85249-137-X
1760:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1750:1-85249-158-2
1747:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1730:
1721:
1712:
1705:
1699:
1690:
1681:
1672:
1668:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1635:Baltic Porter
1632:
1631:Foreign Stout
1629:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1368:
1366:
1361:
1359:
1340:
1336:
1326:
1308:
1304:
1281:
1277:
1253:
1247:
1239:
1235:
1217:
1213:
1203:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1170:
1166:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1147:
1143:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1122:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1082:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1028:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1003:
997:
991:
983:
978:Augmented SRM
975:
972:
968:
964:
963:CIE XYZ space
935:
928:
925:
922:
913:
909:
905:
902:
895:
888:
885:
882:
873:
869:
865:
857:
853:
850:
847:
841:
833:
830:
826:
822:
819:
816:
810:
804:
797:
796:
795:
778:
772:
763:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
744:antilogarithm
734:
732:
728:
724:
693:
686:
683:
680:
671:
667:
663:
660:
653:
646:
643:
640:
631:
627:
623:
615:
611:
608:
605:
599:
593:
587:
580:
579:
578:
564:
555:
550:
530:
526:
520:
516:
511:
507:
502:
498:
494:
489:
485:
477:
476:
475:
459:
455:
446:
442:
441:caramel color
438:
434:
429:
427:
422:
418:
400:
397:
387:
373:
359:
356:
346:
332:
331:
330:
320:
295:
292:
288:
283:
280:
275:
272:
269:
266:
263:
260:
253:
252:
251:
248:
243:
241:
236:
220:
216:
195:
192:
189:
169:
166:
163:
143:
118:
114:
110:
107:
104:
101:
98:
95:
92:
89:
82:
81:
80:
77:
72:
67:
63:
61:
56:
54:
44:
41:
39:
35:
30:
27:
23:
19:
1822:
1819:(bitterness)
1755:Home Brewing
1754:
1741:
1729:
1720:
1711:
1703:
1698:
1689:
1680:
1671:
1578:Dunkelweizen
1543:Vienna lager
1381:
1362:
1358:Kriek Lambic
1325:dot products
1234:eigenvectors
1204:
984:
981:
960:
764:
756:10° observer
740:
715:
553:
551:
547:
430:
423:
419:
415:
318:
316:
244:
237:
135:
68:
64:
57:
50:
42:
32:The SRM (or
31:
21:
17:
15:
1390:Beer color
727:color space
723:tristimulus
38:fruit beers
26:attenuation
1839:Categories
1663:References
1597:Doppelbock
1539:Dark lager
1524:Double IPA
1433:Blonde Ale
1402:Pale lager
1384:/Lovibond
1365:metamerism
1205:where the
752:Illuminant
433:nanometers
71:absorbance
1813:(density)
1566:Brown Ale
1551:Amber Ale
1482:Weissbier
1448:Weissbier
1254:λ
1214:ξ
1167:ξ
1144:ξ
1113:−
1110:λ
1101:−
1073:−
1070:λ
1061:−
1029:−
1018:−
998:λ
926:−
923:λ
914:−
886:−
883:λ
874:−
842:−
831:−
811:λ
779:λ
758:when the
684:−
681:λ
672:−
644:−
641:λ
632:−
594:λ
565:λ
508:×
398:×
357:×
293:−
284:∘
276:×
111:×
105:×
1410:Pilsener
1387:Example
1053:0.018747
866:0.018747
624:0.018747
329:so that
240:Lovibond
1845:Brewing
1825:(color)
1429:Maibock
1406:Witbier
1236:of the
1093:0.98226
906:0.98226
733:E-308.
664:0.98226
1761:
1748:
1601:Porter
1574:Dunkel
1547:Märzen
1486:Saison
1123:80.514
1083:13.374
936:80.514
896:13.374
694:80.514
654:13.374
437:Linner
273:1.3546
136:where
1850:Color
1811:Plato
1616:Stout
1799:Beer
1759:ISBN
1746:ISBN
1646:40+
1570:Bock
1393:EBC
1232:are
1045:12.7
971:BJCP
858:12.7
760:path
731:ASTM
616:12.7
401:.508
360:1.97
317:The
296:0.76
102:12.7
53:ASBC
51:The
16:The
1823:SRM
1817:IBU
1656:79
1641:69
1627:35
1622:57
1612:29
1607:47
1589:24
1584:39
1562:20
1557:33
1535:17
1530:26
1516:13
1511:20
1505:ESB
1497:10
1492:16
1473:12
1382:SRM
1116:430
1076:430
929:430
889:430
748:Lab
718:530
687:430
647:430
554:not
503:530
490:430
426:FTU
393:EBC
383:SRM
352:SRM
342:EBC
327:430
323:430
319:EBC
313:EBC
221:430
119:430
34:EBC
22:SRM
20:or
1841::
1633:,
1599:,
1595:,
1576:,
1572:,
1568:,
1549:,
1545:,
1541:,
1522:,
1503:,
1484:,
1478:8
1465:,
1459:6
1454:8
1444:4
1439:6
1431:,
1425:3
1420:4
1412:,
1408:,
1404:,
1398:2
1296:,
794::
531:10
512:10
447:,
60:nm
1791:e
1784:t
1777:v
1341:i
1337:c
1309:2
1305:c
1282:1
1278:c
1257:)
1251:(
1248:A
1218:i
1191:)
1188:)
1185:.
1182:.
1179:.
1176:+
1171:2
1161:2
1157:c
1153:+
1148:1
1138:1
1134:c
1130:+
1119:)
1107:(
1097:e
1090:+
1079:)
1067:(
1057:e
1050:(
1041:M
1038:R
1035:S
1026:(
1021:1
1014:g
1010:o
1007:l
1004:=
1001:)
995:(
992:T
946:)
943:)
932:)
920:(
910:e
903:+
892:)
880:(
870:e
863:(
854:M
851:R
848:S
839:(
834:1
827:g
823:o
820:l
817:=
814:)
808:(
805:T
782:)
776:(
773:A
701:)
690:)
678:(
668:e
661:+
650:)
638:(
628:e
621:(
612:M
609:R
606:S
600:=
597:)
591:(
588:A
527:/
521:L
517:H
499:A
495:=
486:A
460:L
456:H
388:=
347:=
308:.
289:L
270:=
267:M
264:R
261:S
217:A
196:2
193:=
190:D
170:1
167:=
164:D
144:D
115:A
108:D
99:=
96:M
93:R
90:S
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