308:
starter-generator was directly coupled to the engine it did not need a method of engaging and disengaging the motor drive. It thus suffered negligible mechanical wear and was virtually silent in operation. The starter-generator remained a feature of Dodge cars until 1929. The disadvantage of the design was that, as a dual-purpose device, the unit was limited in both its power as a motor and its output as a generator, which became a problem as engine size and electrical demands on cars increased. Controlling the switch between motor and generator modes required dedicated and relatively complex switchgear which was more prone to failure than the heavy-duty contacts of a dedicated starter motor. While the starter-generator dropped out of favour for cars by the 1930s, the concept was still useful for smaller vehicles and was taken up by the German firm
659:, closing the contacts and sending large battery current to the starter motor. One of the pole shoes, hinged at the front, linked to the starter drive, and spring-loaded away from its normal operating position, is swung into position by the magnetic field created by electricity flowing through its field coil. This moves the starter drive forward to engage the flywheel ring gear, and simultaneously closes a pair of contacts supplying current to the rest of the starter motor winding. Once the engine starts and the driver releases the starter switch, a spring retracts the pole shoe, which pulls the starter drive out of engagement with the ring gear.
559:
Folo-Thru drive contains a latching mechanism and a set of flyweights in the body of the drive unit. When the starter motor begins turning and the drive unit is forced forward on the helical shaft by inertia, it is latched into the engaged position. Only once the drive unit is spun at a speed higher than that attained by the starter motor itself (i.e., it is backdriven by the running engine) will the flyweights pull radially outward, releasing the latch and permitting the overdriven drive unit to be spun out of engagement. In this manner, unwanted starter disengagement is avoided before a successful engine start.
115:
993:, then winds up the spring. Pulling the release lever then applies the spring tension to the pinion, turning the ring gear to start the engine. The pinion automatically disengages from the flywheel after operation. Provision is also made to allow the engine to be slowly turned over by hand for engine maintenance. This is achieved by operating the trip lever just after the pinion has engaged with the flywheel. Subsequent turning of the winding handle during this operation will not load the starter. Spring starters can be found in
923:
hits one of the followers it will send an air signal that acts upon the back of the air start valve located in the cylinder head, causing it to open. Compressed air is provided from a large reservoir that feeds into a header located along the engine. As soon as the air start valve is opened, the compressed air is admitted and the engine will begin turning. It can be used on two-cycle and four-cycle engines and on reversing engines. On large two-stroke engines less than one revolution of the crankshaft is needed for starting.
571:
508:
80:, the third stroke releases energy from the fuel, powering the fourth (exhaust) stroke and also the first two (intake, compression) strokes of the next cycle, as well as powering the engine's external load. To start the first cycle at the beginning of any particular session, the first two strokes must be powered in some other way than from the engine itself. The starter motor is used for this purpose and it is not required once the engine starts running and its feedback loop becomes self-sustaining.
103:
369:
22:
356:'s 1949 innovation of the key-operated combination ignition-starter switch, the starter was often operated by the driver pressing a button mounted on the floor or dashboard. Some vehicles had a pedal in the floor that manually engaged the starter drive pinion with the flywheel ring gear, then completed the electrical circuit to the starter motor once the pedal reached the end of its travel. Ferguson tractors from the 1940s, including the
887:
and vanes form a small chamber compared to the others. The compressed air can only expand by rotating the drum, which allows the small chamber to become larger and puts another one of the cambers in the air inlet. The air motor spins much too fast to be used directly on the flywheel of the engine; instead a large gearing reduction, such as a planetary gear, is used to lower the output speed. A Bendix gear is used to engage the flywheel.
770:
676:
970:
123:
932:
316:), and marine engines. These were marketed under the 'Dynastart' name. Since motorcycles usually had small engines and limited electrical equipment, as well as restricted space and weight, the Dynastart was a useful feature. The windings for the starter-generator were usually incorporated into the engine's flywheel, thus not requiring a separate unit at all.
655:" design that provided cost reduction rather than electrical or mechanical benefits. This type of starter eliminated the solenoid, replacing it with a movable pole shoe and a separate starter relay. This starter operates as follows: The driver turns the key, activating the starter switch. A small electric current flows through the solenoid actuated starter
891:
1020:
Some modern gasoline engines with twelve or more cylinders always have at least one or more pistons at the beginning of its power stroke and are able to start by injecting fuel into that cylinder and igniting it. The same procedure can be applied to engines with fewer cylinders, if the engine happens
750:
The advantage of the inertia starter is that, because the motor is not driving the engine directly, it can be of much lower power than the standard starter for an engine of the same size. This allows for a motor of much lower weight and smaller size, as well as lighter cables and smaller batteries to
741:
built into its casing (not the main flywheel of the engine). Once the flywheel/motor unit has reached a constant speed the current to the motor is turned off and the drive between the motor and flywheel is disengaged by a freewheel mechanism. The spinning flywheel is then connected to the main engine
624:
ratio of 3.75:1. This permitted the use of a higher-speed, lower-current, lighter and more compact motor assembly while increasing cranking torque. Variants of this starter design were used on most rear- and four-wheel-drive vehicles produced by
Chrysler Corporation from 1962 through 1987. It makes a
480:
which permits the pinion to transmit drive in only one direction. In this manner, drive is transmitted through the pinion to the flywheel ring gear, but if the pinion remains engaged (as for example because the operator fails to release the key as soon as the engine starts, or if there is a short and
951:
rigs. The system used to support the hydraulic starter includes valves, pumps, filters, a reservoir, and piston accumulators. The operator can manually recharge the hydraulic system; this cannot readily be done with electric starting systems, so hydraulic starting systems are favored in applications
475:
The solenoid also closes high-current contacts for the starter motor, which begins to turn. Once the engine starts, the key-operated switch is opened, a spring in the solenoid assembly pulls the pinion gear away from the ring gear, and the starter motor stops. The starter's pinion is clutched to its
154:
so that once engine rotation began, the starter would disengage from the engine. In the event of a kickback, the reverse rotation of the engine could suddenly engage the starter, causing the crank to unexpectedly and violently jerk, possibly injuring the operator. For cord-wound starters, a kickback
755:
piston engines. The disadvantage is the increased time required to start the engine - spinning up the flywheel to the required speed can take between 10 and 20 seconds. If the engine does not start by the time the flywheel has lost its inertia then the process must be repeated for the next attempt.
500:
was used. The Bendix system places the starter drive pinion on a helically cut drive shaft. When the starter motor begins turning, the inertia of the drive pinion assembly causes it to ride forward on the helix and thus engage with the ring gear. When the engine starts, backdrive from the ring gear
922:
in a car. There is an air distributor that is geared to the camshaft of the Diesel engine; on the top of the air distributor is a single lobe similar to what is found on a camshaft. Arranged radially around this lobe are roller tip followers for every cylinder. When the lobe of the air distributor
917:
Large Diesel generators and almost all Diesel engines used as the prime mover of ships use compressed air acting directly on the cylinder head. This is not ideal for smaller
Diesels, as it provides too much cooling on starting. Also, the cylinder head needs to have enough space to support an extra
886:
is made up of a center drum about the size of a soup can with four or more slots cut into it to allow for the vanes to be placed radially on the drum to form chambers around the drum. The drum is offset inside a round casing so that the inlet air for starting is admitted at the area where the drum
247:
One aspect of the invention lay in the realization that a relatively small motor, driven with higher voltage and current than would be feasible for continuous operation, could deliver enough power to crank the engine for starting. At the voltage and current levels required, such a motor would burn
323:
relied on hand cranks until 1919; during the 1920s, electric starters became near-universal on most new cars, making it easier for women and elderly people to drive. It was still common for cars to be supplied with starter handles into the 1960s, and this continued much later for some makes (e.g.
632:
The
Chrysler gear-reduction starter formed the conceptual basis for the gear-reduction starters that now predominate in vehicles on the road. Many Japanese automakers phased in gear reduction starters in the 1970s and 1980s. Light aircraft engines also made extensive use of this kind of starter,
558:
An intermediate development between the Bendix drive developed in the 1930s and the overrunning-clutch designs introduced in the 1960s was the Bendix Folo-Thru drive. The standard Bendix drive would disengage from the ring gear as soon as the engine fired, even if it did not continue to run. The
501:
causes the drive pinion to exceed the rotative speed of the starter, at which point the drive pinion is forced back down the helical shaft and thus out of mesh with the ring gear. This has the disadvantage that the gears will disengage if the engine fires briefly but does not continue to run.
488:
The sprag clutch arrangement would preclude the use of the starter as a generator if employed in the hybrid scheme mentioned above, unless modifications were made. The standard starter motor is typically designed for intermittent use, which would preclude its use as a generator. The starter's
955:
With various configurations, Hydraulic starters can be fitted on any engine. Hydraulic starters employ the high efficiency of the axial piston motor concept, which provides high torque at any temperature or environment, and guarantees minimal wear of the engine ring gear and the pinion.
307:
permanently coupled by gears to the engine's crankshaft. A system of electrical relays allowed this to be driven as a motor to rotate the engine for starting, and once the starter button was released the controlling switchgear returned the unit to operation as a generator. Because the
947:. Hydraulic starters and the associated systems provide a sparkless, reliable method of engine starting over a wide temperature range. Typically hydraulic starters are found in applications such as remote generators, lifeboat propulsion engines, offshore fire pumping engines, and
174:
Although users were advised to cup their fingers and thumb under the crank and pull up, it felt natural for operators to grasp the handle with the fingers on one side, the thumb on the other. Even a simple backfire could result in a broken thumb; it was possible to end up with a
328:
until end of production in 1990). In many cases, cranks were used for setting timing rather than starting the engine as growing displacements and compression ratios made this impractical. Communist bloc cars such as Ladas often still sported crank-starting as late as the 1980s.
149:
The hand-crank method was commonly used to start engines, but it was inconvenient, difficult, and dangerous. The behavior of an engine during starting is not always predictable. The engine can kick back, causing sudden reverse rotation. Many manual starters included a
299:
at its introduction in 1914 was an electric starter and electric lighting with a 12-volt system (against the six volts that was usual at the time) as a standard fitment on what was a relatively low-priced car. The Dodge used a combined starter-generator unit, with a
348:
to get the central spindle of each engine design rotating — these were usually installed at the very front of the turbojet, and were themselves started by a pull-rope to get them running during the startup procedure for the jet engines they were fitted to.
287:
cars had spring motors (sometimes referred to as clockwork motors), which used the energy stored in a spring driving through a reduction gear. If the car failed to start, the starter handle could be used to wind up the spring for a further attempt.
910:, the system does double duty, supplying compressed air to the brake system. Pneumatic starters have the advantages of delivering high torque, mechanical simplicity and reliability. They eliminate the need for oversized, heavy storage batteries in
893:
897:
896:
892:
898:
736:
A variant on the electric starter motor is the inertia starter (not to be confused with the Bendix-type starter described above). Here the starter motor does not turn the engine directly. Instead, when energized, the motor turns a heavy
493:), to save weight and cost. Most automobile owner manuals instruct the operator to pause for at least ten seconds after each ten or fifteen seconds of cranking the engine, when trying to start an engine that does not start immediately.
746:
switches, with the machine operator using a two-position control switch, which is held in one position to spin the motor and then moved to the other to cut the current to the motor and engage the flywheel to the engine.
895:
526:
589:
878:
On larger diesel generators found in large shore installations and especially on ships, a pneumatic starting gear is used. The air motor is normally powered by compressed air at pressures of 10–30
418:
524:
159:
mechanism, when the engine started, the crank could begin to spin along with the crankshaft and potentially strike the person cranking the engine. Additionally, care had to be taken to
279:
introducing an air starter motor with similar approach to that used for the Delco and Scott-Crossley electrical starter motors (i.e. engaging with a toothed ring on the flywheel). The
867:, located elsewhere in the aircraft. Alternatively, aircraft gas turbine engines can be rapidly started using a mobile ground-based pneumatic starting engine, referred to as a
894:
587:
525:
84:
2845:
863:
Aircraft with large gas turbine engines are typically started using a large volume of low-pressure compressed air, supplied from a very small engine referred to as an
620:
between the motor and the drive shaft. The motor shaft included integrally cut gear teeth forming a pinion that meshes with a larger adjacent driven gear to provide a
588:
998:
155:
could pull the operator towards the engine or machine, or swing the starter cord and handle at high speed around the starter pulley. Even though cranks had an
2176:
625:
unique, distinct sound when cranking the engine, which led to it being nicknamed the "Highland Park
Hummingbird"—a reference to Chrysler's headquarters in
206:
1371:
267:
Although the electric starter motor was to come to dominate the car market, in 1912, there were several competing types of starter, with the Adams,
360:, had an extra position on the gear lever that engaged the starter switch, ensuring safety by preventing the tractors from being started in gear.
248:
out in a few minutes of continuous operation, but not during the few seconds needed to start the engine. The starters were first installed on the
2838:
1085:
662:
This starter was used on Ford vehicles from 1973 through 1990, when a gear-reduction unit conceptually similar to the
Chrysler unit replaced it.
146:
handle which engaged the front of the crankshaft, pulling on an airplane propeller, or pulling a cord that was wound around an open-face pulley.
860:, engages the ring gear on the flywheel, much like an electric starter. The engine, once running, drives the compressor to recharge the tank.
481:
the solenoid remains engaged), the pinion will spin independently of its drive shaft. This prevents the engine driving the starter, for such
76:
Internal combustion engines are feedback systems, which, once started, rely on the inertia from each cycle to initiate the next cycle. In a
1437:
489:
electrical components are designed only to operate for typically under 30 seconds before overheating (by too-slow dissipation of heat from
1171:
1776:
1520:
640:
instead. Direct-drive starters are almost entirely obsolete owing to their larger size, heavier weight and higher current requirements.
3267:
2831:
433:
is the most common type used on gasoline engines and small diesel engines. The modern starter motor is either a permanent-magnet or a
2169:
312:
which built similar system intended mostly for use on motorcycles, scooters, economy cars (especially those will small-capacity
3237:
2933:
2744:
1395:
3262:
2162:
2683:
856:
and a pressure tank. Compressed air released from the tank is used to spin the turbine, and through a set of reduction
1252:
1119:
817:
791:
723:
697:
388:
799:
705:
1956:
69:. The starter can also be another internal-combustion engine in the case, for instance, of very large engines, or
1513:
496:
This overrunning-clutch pinion arrangement was phased into use beginning in the early 1960s; before that time, a
3181:
2361:
1905:
1196:
795:
701:
171:(run in reverse), pulling the crank with it, because the overrun safety mechanism works in one direction only.
2600:
2823:
2658:
1690:
580:
517:
3402:
2991:
2242:
2038:
434:
138:
Before the advent of the starter motor, engines were started by various methods including wind-up springs,
1378:
3222:
2048:
1761:
1734:
536:. The Folo-Thru drive pinion stays engaged through a cylinder firing but not causing the engine to start
3217:
3097:
2185:
2058:
2053:
1506:
1276:
54:
1135:
3433:
3062:
2794:
2708:
2673:
2653:
2605:
2513:
2133:
1751:
1729:
276:
883:
3297:
3212:
3047:
2789:
2630:
2339:
2002:
1856:
1343:
1034:
907:
780:
686:
253:
2103:
636:
Those starters not employing offset gear trains like the
Chrysler unit generally employ planetary
3161:
3092:
2986:
2564:
2043:
1594:
1002:
986:
784:
690:
626:
533:
460:-operated switch (the "ignition switch"), the solenoid engages a lever that pushes out the drive
3438:
3397:
3232:
3132:
2386:
1866:
1771:
1700:
1039:
237:
139:
1298:
1211:
3407:
3186:
3147:
3112:
2953:
2503:
2344:
1997:
1861:
1599:
1579:
1559:
1359:...the twitterings of the Highland Park hummingbird, Mopar's famous gear-reduction starter...
1242:
453:
309:
249:
114:
1441:
3392:
3320:
3272:
2866:
2857:
2498:
2270:
1992:
1885:
1634:
1609:
1054:
1021:
to be stopped at the correct position. This is one way of starting an engine of a car with
1006:
948:
864:
345:
257:
219:
1005:, with the most common application being backup starting system on seagoing vessels. Many
8:
3361:
3067:
2648:
2546:
2276:
2098:
1801:
1796:
1541:
1493:
1064:
902:
Caution, loud audio. A pair of air-starting motors on a 3300 kW diesel standby generator.
191:
180:
118:
Typical electric starter installed underneath and toward the rear of an automobile engine
911:
3376:
3227:
3176:
3072:
3006:
2569:
2366:
2123:
2017:
1972:
1910:
1880:
1834:
1657:
1644:
1059:
1044:
918:
valve for the air start system. The air start system is conceptually very similar to a
751:
power the motor. This made the inertia starter a common choice for aircraft with large
648:
284:
280:
77:
3257:
3137:
3107:
3102:
3057:
3042:
2903:
2371:
2311:
2262:
2083:
1987:
1915:
1707:
1695:
1685:
1248:
1190:
1115:
1022:
637:
465:
313:
268:
227:
184:
143:
87:
2033:
332:
For the first examples of production German turbojet engines later in World War II,
3016:
2918:
2663:
2620:
2528:
2493:
2414:
2401:
2138:
2128:
2068:
1982:
1930:
1826:
1816:
1806:
1756:
1619:
1589:
1529:
994:
978:
831:
445:
408:
403:
397:
337:
26:
2073:
742:
and its inertia turns it over to start it. These stages are commonly automated by
3305:
3127:
3087:
3082:
3011:
2854:
2774:
2485:
2334:
2291:
2113:
2063:
1925:
1746:
1724:
1712:
1680:
1584:
982:
944:
272:
223:
160:
66:
62:
2088:
3351:
3341:
3001:
2928:
2888:
2640:
2610:
2465:
2232:
2108:
2007:
1977:
1839:
1791:
1739:
1667:
1604:
1547:
853:
621:
441:
438:
333:
301:
261:
176:
127:
58:
2853:
1488:
1480:
1417:
325:
236:
for an electric starter in
America. (Kettering had replaced the hand crank on
232:
57:
so as to initiate the engine's operation under its own power. Starters can be
25:
An automobile starter motor (larger cylinder). The smaller object on top is a
3427:
3277:
3122:
3117:
3052:
2996:
2908:
2812:
2703:
2696:
2518:
2450:
2445:
2409:
2326:
2266:
2227:
2217:
2154:
2118:
1786:
1472:
1107:
1049:
940:
852:
self-starter. In ground vehicles the system consists of a geared turbine, an
841:
752:
490:
357:
241:
211:
70:
336:
designed a small two-stroke, opposed-twin gasoline engine to start both the
3412:
3371:
3366:
3142:
2963:
2948:
2923:
2429:
2424:
2391:
2296:
2286:
2222:
2206:
2143:
2078:
1766:
497:
477:
320:
195:
30:
156:
3356:
3282:
3207:
3202:
2943:
2913:
2807:
2691:
2508:
2460:
2419:
2376:
2306:
1920:
1851:
919:
837:
393:
296:
417:
102:
3346:
3336:
3287:
3077:
3021:
2958:
2898:
2779:
2739:
2718:
2713:
2615:
2523:
2455:
2381:
2321:
2252:
1811:
1781:
1652:
1614:
1009:
879:
604:
545:
457:
368:
2734:
2475:
2470:
2257:
2237:
2093:
1846:
1624:
990:
849:
652:
482:
378:
164:
151:
21:
1498:
769:
675:
260:
once the engine was running, a concept that is now being revived in
3310:
2893:
2883:
2757:
2753:
2625:
2356:
2281:
2247:
1875:
1719:
1675:
743:
738:
613:
469:
353:
131:
91:
2784:
2668:
1951:
1946:
989:. Turning the crank moves the pinion into mesh with the engine's
969:
341:
199:
122:
107:
1086:"The John Deere 720 diesel and its innovative pony motor design"
2968:
2938:
2595:
2574:
2351:
2301:
1629:
1553:
1244:
Vintage farm tractors: the ultimate tribute to classic tractors
461:
382:
304:
985:
wound up with a crank to start an engine without a battery or
3331:
845:
656:
449:
292:
209:
invented and patented the first electric starter in
America
183:
or worse. Moreover, increasingly larger engines with higher
2749:
931:
857:
617:
187:
made hand cranking a more physically demanding endeavour.
29:
which controls power to the starter motor and engages the
2196:
1172:"The Chrysler Museum in Pictures: Gone But Not Forgotten"
485:
would cause the starter to spin so fast as to fly apart.
464:
on the starter driveshaft and meshes the pinion with the
83:
651:
issued a nonstandard starter, a direct-drive "movable
130:-designed, "APU-style" two-stroke starter motor for a
532:
A starter motor with Bendix Folo-Thru drive cranks a
1777:
Dual-rotor permanent magnet induction motor (DRPMIM)
595:
A Chrysler gear-reduction starter cranks a V8 engine
943:from six to 16 cylinders are started by means of a
194:, an adaptation of the Benz Velo, built in 1896 in
167:; with an advanced spark setting, the engine could
142:, and human-powered techniques such as a removable
16:Device used to start an internal combustion engine
3425:
1277:"Permanent Magnet Generators for Diesel Engines"
1012:in the 1960s had hand-cranked spring starters.
633:because its light weight offered an advantage.
256:later that year. These starters also worked as
252:in 1912, with the same system being adopted by
190:The first electric starter was installed on an
2184:
456:is applied to the solenoid, usually through a
226:, of Dayton Engineering Laboratories Company (
2839:
2170:
1514:
1150:
1148:
952:wherein emergency starting is a requirement.
244:with an electric motor five years earlier.)
73:in agricultural or excavation applications.
1299:"Know Your Car's Nervous System - Starters"
798:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
704:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2846:
2832:
2177:
2163:
1521:
1507:
1209:
1145:
1274:
818:Learn how and when to remove this message
724:Learn how and when to remove this message
152:one-directional slip or release provision
106:A 1920s era electric self-starter for an
2243:Crankcase ventilation system (PCV valve)
1341:
1169:
1106:
968:
930:
889:
452:) mounted on it. When DC power from the
416:
367:
202:, by electrical engineer H. J. Dowsing.
121:
113:
101:
82:
53:) is a device used to rotate (crank) an
20:
1240:
1083:
3426:
1329:The 1962 Starting Motor and Alternator
2827:
2158:
1528:
1502:
1331:, Chrysler Corporation, November 1961
616:introduced a starter incorporating a
275:cars having direct air starters, and
1377:. Fspowercontrol.com. Archived from
1275:R. Howell, Benito (17 August 2017).
796:adding citations to reliable sources
763:
702:adding citations to reliable sources
669:
643:
291:One of the innovations on the first
2860:components, systems and terminology
1084:Gingell, Rachel (8 December 2016).
476:drive shaft through an overrunning
344:aircraft gas turbines as a form of
13:
1170:Sessions, Ron (21 February 2017).
665:
569:
553:
506:
14:
3450:
1460:
964:
906:Since large trucks typically use
562:
1210:Whittacker, Wayne (April 1949).
1015:
768:
674:
603:Problems playing this file? See
585:
544:Problems playing this file? See
522:
2345:Overhead valve (pushrod) layout
1430:
1410:
1388:
1364:
1335:
1321:
3182:Propeller speed reduction unit
1906:Timeline of the electric motor
1291:
1268:
1234:
1203:
1163:
1159:: 1402–1412. 23 November 1912.
1128:
1100:
1077:
1:
1691:Dahlander pole changing motor
1372:"Engine and turbine starters"
1342:LaChance, David (June 2007).
1070:
581:Hear a gear-reduction starter
2992:Capacitor discharge ignition
1396:"Hydraulic Starting Systems"
959:
926:
759:
7:
1735:Brushless DC electric motor
1440:. Mazda.com. Archived from
1419:1963 Briggs Wind-up Starter
1028:
363:
10:
3455:
2186:Internal combustion engine
1465:
1241:Sanders, Ralph W. (1996).
1195:: CS1 maint: url-status (
829:
97:
55:internal-combustion engine
3385:
3319:
3296:
3250:
3195:
3169:
3160:
3035:
3002:Electronic fuel injection
2977:
2874:
2865:
2803:
2767:
2727:
2682:
2654:Diesel particulate filter
2639:
2606:Idle air control actuator
2588:
2555:
2547:Engine control unit (ECU)
2537:
2484:
2438:
2400:
2320:
2205:
2192:
2026:
1965:
1939:
1894:
1825:
1752:Switched reluctance (SRM)
1730:Brushed DC electric motor
1666:
1643:
1568:
1536:
3048:Aircraft engine starting
2719:Viscous fan (fan clutch)
2631:Throttle position sensor
2340:Overhead camshaft layout
1940:Experimental, futuristic
1857:Variable-frequency drive
1438:"Idling Stop Technology"
518:Hear a Folo-Thru starter
3093:Mean effective pressure
2258:Core plug (freeze plug)
1957:Superconducting machine
1595:Coil winding technology
1309:(6): 186–189. June 1952
1212:"Chrysler Family Debut"
1035:Aircraft engine starter
627:Highland Park, Michigan
534:Chrysler Slant-6 engine
3133:Time between overhauls
1155:"Olympia Motor Show".
977:A spring starter uses
974:
936:
903:
574:
511:
422:
414:
230:), invented and filed
135:
119:
111:
94:
34:
3408:Ice protection system
3148:Volumetric efficiency
3113:Overhead valve engine
1998:Power-to-weight ratio
1862:Direct torque control
1489:U.S. patent 1,464,714
1481:U.S. patent 1,050,739
1157:The Automotor Journal
1007:Briggs & Stratton
999:hydraulic power packs
973:Modern spring starter
972:
934:
901:
638:epicyclic gear trains
573:
510:
421:Starter motor diagram
420:
371:
250:Cadillac Model Thirty
233:U.S. patent 1,150,523
212:U.S. patent 0,745,157
125:
117:
105:
86:
24:
3393:Auxiliary power unit
3273:Flight data recorder
2499:Compression ignition
1993:Open-loop controller
1886:Ward Leonard control
1610:DC injection braking
1348:Hemmings Classic Car
1055:Hybrid Synergy Drive
949:hydraulic fracturing
914:electrical systems.
865:auxiliary power unit
792:improve this section
698:improve this section
346:auxiliary power unit
220:Charles F. Kettering
163:in order to prevent
3362:Pressure carburetor
3098:Naturally aspirated
3068:Engine displacement
2649:Catalytic converter
1896:History, education,
1542:Alternating current
1494:Arthur Atwater Kent
1473:U.S. patent 745,157
1136:"Patent No 745 157"
1065:Vincent Hugo Bendix
375:Main housing (yoke)
181:dislocated shoulder
140:gunpowder cylinders
3377:Updraft carburetor
3251:Engine instruments
3177:Propeller governor
3073:Four-stroke engine
2775:Knocking / pinging
2367:Combustion chamber
2059:Dolivo-Dobrovolsky
2018:Voltage controller
1973:Blocked-rotor test
1911:Ball bearing motor
1881:Motor soft starter
1835:AC-to-AC converter
1696:Wound-rotor (WRIM)
1658:Electric generator
1476:, Clyde J. Coleman
1344:"Memorable Mirada"
1060:List of auto parts
1045:Flame-start system
975:
937:
904:
844:, particularly on
575:
512:
423:
415:
314:two-stroke engines
185:compression ratios
136:
120:
112:
95:
78:four-stroke engine
35:
3421:
3420:
3258:Annunciator panel
3246:
3245:
3156:
3155:
3138:Two-stroke engine
3108:Overhead camshaft
3088:Manifold pressure
3058:Compression ratio
2821:
2820:
2790:Stratified charge
2557:Electrical system
2539:Engine management
2372:Compression ratio
2312:Starter ring gear
2211:rotating assembly
2152:
2151:
1988:Open-circuit test
1827:Motor controllers
1708:Synchronous motor
1530:Electric machines
1398:. Huegli-tech.com
1303:Popular Mechanics
1216:Popular Mechanics
1114:. Beekman House.
1023:stop-start system
995:engine-generators
935:Hydraulic Starter
899:
828:
827:
820:
734:
733:
726:
644:Movable pole shoe
590:
527:
466:starter ring gear
88:Starter ring gear
3446:
3434:Starting systems
3403:Hydraulic system
3223:Counter-rotating
3167:
3166:
2919:Hydraulic tappet
2872:
2871:
2848:
2841:
2834:
2825:
2824:
2664:Exhaust manifold
2529:Spark plug wires
2415:Boost controller
2402:Forced induction
2179:
2172:
2165:
2156:
2155:
2003:Two-phase system
1983:Electromagnetism
1931:Mouse mill motor
1898:recreational use
1772:Permanent magnet
1701:Linear induction
1554:Permanent magnet
1523:
1516:
1509:
1500:
1499:
1491:
1483:
1475:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1376:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1194:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1167:
1161:
1160:
1152:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1081:
1003:lifeboat engines
979:potential energy
900:
832:Air-start system
823:
816:
812:
809:
803:
772:
764:
729:
722:
718:
715:
709:
678:
670:
592:
591:
572:
529:
528:
509:
454:starting battery
446:starter solenoid
437:-parallel wound
338:Junkers Jumo 004
235:
214:
207:Clyde J. Coleman
161:retard the spark
27:starter solenoid
3454:
3453:
3449:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3417:
3398:Coffman starter
3381:
3324:
3315:
3306:Carburetor heat
3298:Engine controls
3292:
3242:
3218:Contra-rotating
3191:
3152:
3083:Ignition timing
3031:
3012:Ignition system
2979:
2973:
2876:
2861:
2852:
2822:
2817:
2799:
2795:Top dead centre
2763:
2723:
2678:
2635:
2584:
2558:
2551:
2540:
2533:
2480:
2434:
2396:
2352:Tappet / lifter
2335:Flathead layout
2325:
2316:
2210:
2201:
2188:
2183:
2153:
2148:
2022:
1961:
1935:
1926:Mendocino motor
1899:
1897:
1890:
1821:
1681:Induction motor
1662:
1639:
1585:Braking chopper
1573:
1571:
1564:
1532:
1527:
1487:
1479:
1471:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1457:
1447:
1445:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1401:
1399:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1384:on 30 May 2013.
1381:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1352:
1350:
1340:
1336:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1312:
1310:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1282:
1280:
1279:. PM Generators
1273:
1269:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1239:
1235:
1225:
1223:
1208:
1204:
1188:
1187:
1180:
1178:
1168:
1164:
1154:
1153:
1146:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1122:
1105:
1101:
1091:
1089:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1040:Coffman starter
1031:
1018:
967:
962:
945:hydraulic motor
929:
890:
834:
824:
813:
807:
804:
789:
773:
762:
730:
719:
713:
710:
695:
679:
668:
666:Inertia starter
646:
610:
609:
601:
599:
598:
597:
596:
593:
586:
583:
576:
570:
565:
556:
554:Folo-Thru drive
551:
550:
542:
540:
539:
538:
537:
530:
523:
520:
513:
507:
472:of the engine.
413:
366:
262:hybrid vehicles
231:
224:Henry M. Leland
210:
134:turbojet engine
100:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3452:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3352:Inlet manifold
3349:
3344:
3342:Fuel injection
3339:
3334:
3328:
3326:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3302:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3254:
3252:
3248:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3238:Variable-pitch
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3213:Constant-speed
3210:
3205:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3173:
3171:
3164:
3158:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2983:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2929:Obturator ring
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2889:Connecting rod
2886:
2880:
2878:
2869:
2867:Piston engines
2863:
2862:
2851:
2850:
2843:
2836:
2828:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2761:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2731:
2729:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2688:
2686:
2684:Cooling system
2680:
2679:
2677:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2645:
2643:
2641:Exhaust system
2637:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2611:Inlet manifold
2608:
2603:
2598:
2592:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2549:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2490:
2488:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2466:Fuel injection
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2442:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2406:
2404:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2331:
2329:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2233:Connecting rod
2230:
2225:
2220:
2214:
2212:
2203:
2202:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2182:
2181:
2174:
2167:
2159:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2008:Inchworm motor
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1978:Circle diagram
1975:
1969:
1967:
1966:Related topics
1963:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1916:Barlow's wheel
1913:
1908:
1902:
1900:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1867:Vector control
1864:
1849:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1840:Cycloconverter
1831:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1672:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1660:
1655:
1649:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1605:Damper winding
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1576:
1574:
1570:Components and
1569:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1548:Direct current
1544:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1526:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1485:
1477:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1461:External links
1459:
1456:
1455:
1444:on 1 June 2022
1429:
1409:
1387:
1363:
1334:
1320:
1290:
1267:
1253:
1247:. p. 98.
1233:
1202:
1176:Car and Driver
1162:
1144:
1127:
1120:
1112:Cars 1886–1930
1108:Georgano, G.N.
1099:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1030:
1027:
1017:
1014:
966:
965:Spring starter
963:
961:
958:
941:diesel engines
928:
925:
873:air start cart
854:air compressor
842:diesel engines
830:Main article:
826:
825:
776:
774:
767:
761:
758:
732:
731:
682:
680:
673:
667:
664:
645:
642:
622:gear reduction
600:
594:
584:
579:
578:
577:
568:
567:
566:
564:
563:Gear reduction
561:
555:
552:
541:
531:
521:
516:
515:
514:
505:
504:
503:
448:(similar to a
442:electric motor
439:direct current
431:cranking motor
412:
411:
406:
401:
391:
386:
376:
372:
365:
362:
334:Norbert Riedel
302:direct current
242:cash registers
128:Norbert Riedel
99:
96:
71:diesel engines
47:cranking motor
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3451:
3440:
3439:Vehicle parts
3437:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3386:Other systems
3384:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3323:and induction
3322:
3318:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3299:
3295:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3278:Glass cockpit
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3249:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3123:Shock cooling
3121:
3119:
3118:Rotary engine
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3034:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2997:Dual ignition
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2976:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2909:Cylinder head
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2864:
2859:
2858:piston engine
2856:
2849:
2844:
2842:
2837:
2835:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2726:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2697:Water cooling
2695:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2685:
2681:
2675:
2674:Oxygen sensor
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2638:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2589:Intake system
2587:
2581:
2580:Starter motor
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2554:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2519:Ignition coil
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2483:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2451:Petrol engine
2449:
2447:
2446:Diesel engine
2444:
2443:
2441:
2437:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2410:Blowoff valve
2408:
2407:
2405:
2403:
2399:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2327:Cylinder head
2323:
2319:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2218:Balance shaft
2216:
2215:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2198:
2191:
2187:
2180:
2175:
2173:
2168:
2166:
2161:
2160:
2157:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1893:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1802:Piezoelectric
1800:
1798:
1797:Electrostatic
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1567:
1561:
1557:
1555:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1543:
1539:
1538:
1535:
1531:
1524:
1519:
1517:
1512:
1510:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1495:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1469:
1443:
1439:
1433:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1413:
1397:
1391:
1380:
1373:
1367:
1360:
1349:
1345:
1338:
1330:
1324:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1294:
1278:
1271:
1256:
1254:9780896582804
1250:
1246:
1245:
1237:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1206:
1198:
1192:
1177:
1173:
1166:
1158:
1151:
1149:
1137:
1131:
1123:
1121:9781855019263
1117:
1113:
1109:
1103:
1087:
1080:
1076:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1050:Hucks starter
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1026:
1024:
1016:Fuel-starting
1013:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
971:
957:
953:
950:
946:
942:
933:
924:
921:
915:
913:
909:
888:
885:
881:
876:
874:
870:
866:
861:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
833:
822:
819:
811:
801:
797:
793:
787:
786:
782:
777:This section
775:
771:
766:
765:
757:
754:
748:
745:
740:
728:
725:
717:
707:
703:
699:
693:
692:
688:
683:This section
681:
677:
672:
671:
663:
660:
658:
654:
650:
641:
639:
634:
630:
628:
623:
619:
615:
608:
606:
582:
560:
549:
547:
535:
519:
502:
499:
494:
492:
486:
484:
479:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
440:
436:
432:
428:
427:starter motor
425:The electric
419:
410:
407:
405:
404:Brush-carrier
402:
399:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:gear assembly
384:
380:
377:
374:
373:
370:
361:
359:
358:Ferguson TE20
355:
350:
347:
343:
339:
335:
330:
327:
322:
317:
315:
311:
310:SIBA Elektrik
306:
303:
298:
294:
289:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
265:
263:
259:
255:
251:
245:
243:
239:
234:
229:
225:
221:
216:
213:
208:
203:
201:
197:
193:
188:
186:
182:
178:
172:
170:
166:
162:
158:
153:
147:
145:
141:
133:
129:
124:
116:
109:
104:
93:
89:
85:
81:
79:
74:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
51:starter motor
48:
44:
40:
32:
28:
23:
19:
3413:Recoil start
3372:Turbocharger
3367:Supercharger
3233:Single-blade
3143:Valve timing
3026:
2964:Sleeve valve
2949:Poppet valve
2924:Main bearing
2704:Electric fan
2579:
2504:Coil-on-plug
2430:Turbocharger
2425:Supercharger
2297:Main bearing
2287:Firing order
2277:Displacement
2223:Block heater
2207:Engine block
2195:Part of the
2194:
2012:
1484:, R. C. Hull
1446:. Retrieved
1442:the original
1432:
1423:
1418:
1412:
1400:. Retrieved
1390:
1379:the original
1366:
1358:
1351:. Retrieved
1347:
1337:
1328:
1323:
1311:. Retrieved
1306:
1302:
1293:
1281:. Retrieved
1270:
1258:. Retrieved
1243:
1236:
1224:. Retrieved
1219:
1215:
1205:
1181:20 September
1179:. Retrieved
1175:
1165:
1156:
1130:
1111:
1102:
1090:. Retrieved
1079:
1019:
981:stored in a
976:
954:
938:
916:
905:
877:
872:
868:
862:
840:engines and
835:
814:
805:
790:Please help
778:
749:
735:
720:
711:
696:Please help
684:
661:
647:
635:
631:
611:
602:
557:
543:
498:Bendix drive
495:
491:ohmic losses
487:
478:sprag clutch
474:
430:
426:
424:
351:
331:
321:Ford Model T
318:
290:
266:
246:
217:
204:
196:East Peckham
189:
177:broken wrist
173:
168:
148:
137:
75:
50:
46:
43:self-starter
42:
38:
36:
31:Bendix drive
18:
3357:Intercooler
3283:Hobbs meter
3208:Blade pitch
3203:Autofeather
3196:Terminology
3103:Monosoupape
3063:Dead centre
3036:Terminology
2944:Piston ring
2914:Gudgeon pin
2728:Lubrication
2692:Air cooling
2509:Distributor
2461:Fuel filter
2439:Fuel system
2420:Intercooler
2387:Timing belt
2377:Head gasket
2307:Piston ring
1921:Lynch motor
1686:Shaded-pole
1572:accessories
1448:30 November
1088:. Farms.com
1010:lawn mowers
920:distributor
912:prime mover
838:gas turbine
394:Field coils
326:Citroën 2CV
297:Model 30-35
3428:Categories
3347:Gascolator
3337:Carburetor
3288:Tachometer
3170:Components
3162:Propellers
3078:Horsepower
3043:Air-cooled
3022:Spark plug
2987:Alternator
2980:components
2978:Electrical
2959:Rocker arm
2899:Crankshaft
2877:components
2875:Mechanical
2780:Power band
2740:Oil filter
2714:Thermostat
2659:EGT sensor
2621:MAF sensor
2616:MAP sensor
2601:Air filter
2565:Alternator
2524:Spark plug
2456:Carburetor
2382:Rocker arm
2322:Valvetrain
2253:Crankshaft
2197:Automobile
1817:Axial flux
1807:Ultrasonic
1782:Servomotor
1762:Doubly fed
1757:Reluctance
1653:Alternator
1645:Generators
1615:Field coil
1600:Commutator
1560:commutated
1558:SC - Self-
1283:14 January
1071:References
987:alternator
908:air brakes
869:start cart
605:media help
546:media help
258:generators
254:Lanchester
165:backfiring
3007:Generator
2514:Glow plug
2476:Fuel tank
2471:Fuel pump
2238:Crankcase
2134:Steinmetz
2049:Davenport
1847:Amplidyne
1747:Universal
1725:Homopolar
1713:Repulsion
1625:Slip ring
1001:, and on
991:ring gear
960:Non-motor
927:Hydraulic
884:air motor
850:pneumatic
808:July 2018
779:does not
760:Pneumatic
714:July 2018
685:does not
653:pole shoe
618:geartrain
612:In 1962,
483:backdrive
379:Freewheel
295:car, the
218:In 1911,
205:In 1903,
169:kick back
67:hydraulic
63:pneumatic
3311:Throttle
3228:Scimitar
2934:Oil pump
2904:Cylinder
2894:Crankpin
2884:Camshaft
2855:Aircraft
2813:Category
2758:Dry sump
2754:Wet sump
2745:Oil pump
2709:Radiator
2626:Throttle
2486:Ignition
2357:Camshaft
2282:Flywheel
2263:Cylinder
2248:Crankpin
2139:Sturgeon
2069:Ferraris
2054:Davidson
1876:Metadyne
1792:Traction
1740:Unipolar
1720:DC motor
1676:AC motor
1580:Armature
1222:(4): 122
1191:cite web
1110:(1985).
1092:28 March
1029:See also
848:, use a
744:solenoid
739:flywheel
614:Chrysler
470:flywheel
409:Solenoid
400:attached
389:Armature
364:Electric
354:Chrysler
273:Wolseley
269:S.C.A.T.
132:Jumo 004
92:flywheel
59:electric
3187:Spinner
3027:Starter
3017:Magneto
2954:Pushrod
2785:Redline
2669:Muffler
2570:Battery
2494:Magneto
2129:Sprague
2124:Siemens
2099:Maxwell
2064:Faraday
2013:Starter
1952:Railgun
1947:Coilgun
1787:Stepper
1635:Winding
1466:Patents
1424:YouTube
800:removed
785:sources
706:removed
691:sources
468:on the
444:with a
398:brushes
352:Before
342:BMW 003
277:Sunbeam
222:, with
200:England
157:overrun
108:airship
98:History
90:on its
39:starter
3325:system
3128:Stroke
2969:Tappet
2939:Piston
2808:Portal
2596:Airbox
2575:Dynamo
2302:Piston
2292:Stroke
2271:layout
2199:series
2119:Saxton
2104:Ørsted
2089:Jedlik
2084:Jacobi
2074:Gramme
2039:Barlow
2027:People
1852:Drives
1767:Linear
1668:Motors
1630:Stator
1402:25 May
1353:25 May
1313:25 May
1260:25 May
1251:
1226:25 May
1118:
983:spring
882:. The
846:trucks
753:radial
462:pinion
435:series
383:pinion
305:dynamo
192:Arnold
110:engine
41:(also
3332:Avgas
3268:EICAS
2768:Other
2392:Valve
2362:Chest
2144:Tesla
2114:Pixii
2079:Henry
2044:Botto
2034:Arago
1620:Rotor
1590:Brush
1552:PM -
1546:DC -
1540:AC -
1382:(PDF)
1375:(PDF)
1139:(PDF)
939:Some
858:gears
836:Some
657:relay
450:relay
396:with
293:Dodge
285:Adler
228:DELCO
144:crank
65:, or
49:, or
3321:Fuel
3263:EFIS
3053:Bore
2750:Sump
2267:bank
2228:Bore
2109:Park
2094:Lenz
1812:TEFC
1450:2015
1404:2015
1355:2015
1315:2015
1285:2021
1262:2015
1249:ISBN
1228:2015
1197:link
1183:2024
1116:ISBN
1094:2021
997:and
783:any
781:cite
689:any
687:cite
649:Ford
381:and
340:and
319:The
283:and
281:Star
271:and
179:, a
126:The
2735:Oil
2324:and
2209:and
880:bar
871:or
794:by
700:by
458:key
429:or
240:'s
238:NCR
3430::
2756:,
2269:,
1492:,
1422:.
1357:.
1346:.
1307:96
1305:.
1301:.
1220:91
1218:.
1214:.
1193:}}
1189:{{
1174:.
1147:^
1025:.
875:.
629:.
264:.
215:.
198:,
61:,
45:,
37:A
2847:e
2840:t
2833:v
2760:)
2752:(
2273:)
2265:(
2178:e
2171:t
2164:v
1522:e
1515:t
1508:v
1452:.
1426:.
1406:.
1317:.
1287:.
1264:.
1230:.
1199:)
1185:.
1141:.
1124:.
1096:.
821:)
815:(
810:)
806:(
802:.
788:.
727:)
721:(
716:)
712:(
708:.
694:.
607:.
548:.
33:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
