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work with him on publicizing the great resources of the parks. Mather was effective in building support for the parks with a variety of politicians and wealthy corporate leaders. He also led efforts to publicize the
National Parks and develop wider appreciation for their scenic beauty among the population. He appointed Yard as head of the National Park Education Committee to coordinate their various communication efforts. In April 1917, Mather was appointed as its first director, a position he filled until he resigned due to illness in January, 1929. During the course of his career, he and his staff molded the NPS into one of the most respected and prestigious arms of the federal government. Special credit is owing
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449:(manic-depression), Mather had to take some leaves from work and Albright continued in their mutual understanding of the task. Over time they convinced Congress of the wisdom of extending the national park concept into the East, and in 1926 Shenandoah and Great Smoky Mountains national parks were authorized. In January 1929 Mather suffered a
347:. Their company became prosperous, and they were millionaires by 1914. This gave Mather the financial independence to pursue personal projects, and while in his mid-forties, he retired from the company to pursue those. Mather was active in many civic groups, including the Chicago City Club and Municipal Voter's League.
40:
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to increase visitation to normally remote units of the
National Park System. He believed that once more of the public had visited the parks and enjoyed a comfortable stay in concessionaire facilities then they would become supporters for the fledgling agency and its holdings. By the time he left his
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at its headquarters in New York, where his father was administrator. Borax is a component of a variety of detergents and compounds, which was mined almost exclusively in
California. Borax is a commodity, and as such, one brand is essentially as good as another. For a company to be successful, it had
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signed the bill authorizing the
National Park Service. At the time, the government owned 14 parks and 19 national monuments, many administered by Army officers or political appointees, as battlefields were among the first parks designated. He used his personal funds to hire Robert Sterling Yard to
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Travel with his wife to Europe in 1904 renewed Mather's longtime interest in nature. Seeing the parks of Europe and their public accessibility, Mather was inspired to work to preserve more parkland in the US, to encourage new transportation methods to reach them, and to protect scenic resources and
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In 1917, Mather was appointed
Assistant Secretary of Interior and head of the National Park Service. Due to his success in working with leaders of various groups and the Congress, he served until 1929. He believed that magnificent scenery should be the first criterion in establishing a national
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There is the traditional story of how Mather came to
Washington to run the National parks, which Horace Albright later said was wrong, though he had a part in keeping the story alive. Here's the traditional, if incorrect, story: In 1914, Mather observed the deteriorating conditions in several
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In 1916, the
National Park Service was authorized by Congress and approved by President Wilson. Mather agreed to stay on, and with Albright, helped establish the new federal agency to protect and manage the national parks, together with a new appreciation for their wonders. In addition, he
469:– "He laid the foundation of the National Park Service, defining and establishing the policies under which its areas shall be developed and conserved unimpaired for future generations. There will never come an end to the good that he has done." (Other plaques located at many NPS sites.)
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But in later years, Mather's assistant Horace
Albright was to state: In reality, they didn't know each other. Mather had graduated from the University of California with a Bachelor of Letters degree in 1887. Although registered in the class of 1889, Lane never did graduate.
367:, and climbed Mount Rainier with some of its members the following year. He was active in the group and made numerous allies who helped support the creation of the National Park Service. In 1916 the Sierra Club made him an honorary vice-president.
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262:. He served until 1929, during which time Mather created a professional civil service organization, increased the numbers of parks and national monuments, and established systematic criteria for adding new properties to the federal system.
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professionalized management of the parks, creating a cadre of career civil service people who were specialists in a variety of disciplines, to operate and manage the parks while preserving their natural character.
328:, where he established a distribution center for the company. In this role, he proved vital in advertising and sales promotion for the company. In particular he is credited with the idea of adding the label "
393:, a former classmate of Mather's from the University of California. Lane responded, "Dear Steve, If you don't like the way the parks are being run, come on down to Washington and run them yourself."
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In 1932, his family and friends established the
Stephen Mather Memorial Fund, which commissioned numerous bronze plaques honoring Mather's accomplishments and installed them in national park units.
311:, which had been built by his great-grandfather about 1778. He and his family used it during the summers and he regarded it as his true home. It is now a historic site open to the public.
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to the national parks. Among the services they sold were basic amenities and necessities to park visitors, plus aids for studying nature. Mather promoted the creation of the
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Mather did go to
Washington as assistant secretary of the Interior, and lobbied for the establishment of a bureau to operate the national parks. On August 25, 1916, President
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position, the park system included 20 national parks and 32 national monuments. Mather also had created the criteria for identifying and adopting new parks and monuments.
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in 1903 and having his salary withheld during extended sick leave, Mather resigned from Pacific Coast and joined Thorkildsen full-time in 1904. They named their firm the
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to mine the product more cheaply, process it more efficiently, or market it more aggressively. In 1894 the younger Mather moved with his wife to
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of New York, who was admired by his parents, Joseph W. Mather and Bertha Jemima Walker. Mather was educated at Boys' High School (now
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401:, who knew both men quite well, graduated in Mather's class and affirmed that the two were not personally acquainted until 1914.
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administration, which was established in 1916. In 1917, Mather was appointed to lead the NPS, the new agency created within the
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natural areas for the public good. He became a dedicated conservationist, and a friend and admirer of the influential
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413:, another Sierra Club member, who served as assistant to Mather, and acting director during Mr. Mather's illnesses.
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890:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory–Nomination: Stephen Tyng Mather Home / The Mather Homestead"
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park, and made efforts to have new parks established before the lands were developed for other purposes.
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Newell, Alan (April 1990). "A Special Issue: Public and Private Interests in Our National Parks".
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Hildebrand, GH. (1982) Borax Pioneer: Francis Marion Smith. San Diego: Howell-North Books. p. 41.
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303:, another reporter, who would become a close friend. In 1893 Mather married Jane Thacker Floy of
254:, Mather led a publicity campaign to promote the creation of a unified federal agency to oversee
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National Parks, and wrote a letter of protest to Washington. Soon he received a reply from
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Various places within today's National Park System are named after Mather, including:
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996:(1978). "5: Stephen Mather: A Borax Millionaire Rescues the National Forests".
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In 1898, Mather helped a friend, Thomas Thorkildsen, in starting another
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His family moved to New York, where Mather worked as a reporter for the
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1004:(Introduction). Missoula: Mountain Press Publishing. pp. 58–69.
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568:, which serves the entire National Park System and is located at
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Stephen T. Mather Building Arts & Craftsmanship High School
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1891:
National Register of Historic Places in Yosemite National Park
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The American Conservation Movement: John Muir and His Legacy
914:"Camp Mather – San Francisco Recreation and Park Department"
1128:
Directors of the National Park Service of the United States
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and accompanying 8 photos, exterior, from c.1880 to 1974
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he became a millionaire. With his friend the journalist
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Blanche Higgins Schroer and S. Sydney Bradford (1963).
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Creating the National Park Service: The Missing Years
16:
American businessman and conservationist (1867–1930)
299:until 1893. During that time he met and befriended
2201:Giant Forest Village–Camp Kaweah Historic District
543:Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park
230:(July 4, 1867 – January 22, 1930) was an American
714:"Horace M. Albright and Marian Albright Schenck,
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453:and had to leave office. He died a year later.
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894:(Includes a biography of Stephen Tyng Mather)
865:. National Academy of Sciences. Archived from
270:Stephen Tyng Mather was born July 4, 1867, in
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1932:
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480:In 1930, Mather was posthumously awarded the
339:company. After suffering a severe episode of
1026:William Swift, "Stephen T. Mather 1867–1930"
998:Pioneer Conservationists of Western America
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631:Mather Lodge, a CCC-built log structure in
286:) in San Francisco, and graduated from the
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437:. He also encouraged cooperation with the
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2970:Lowell High School (San Francisco) alumni
1946:
1043:"Guide to the Stephen Tyng Mather Papers"
1037:National Park Service: The First 75 Years
374:, a conservation organization founded by
942:United States Department of the Interior
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476:Cornelius Amory Pugsley Gold Medal Award
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804:The National Parks: America's Best Idea
775:, Sierra Club, accessed April 23, 2011.
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370:In 1915, Mather became a member of the
65:May 16, 1917 – January 8, 1929
2980:Directors of the National Park Service
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616:Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest
570:Harpers Ferry National Historical Park
474:In 1928, Mather was awarded the first
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1079:Director of the National Park Service
975:University of Wisconsin Press, 1986,
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688:"S.T. Mather Dies; Champion of Parks"
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581:Other places were named in his honor:
53:Director of the National Park Service
2975:People from Brookline, Massachusetts
2196:Giant Forest Lodge Historic District
992:
968:; Praeger Publishers, New York, 1972
920:
727:
288:University of California at Berkeley
1596:Steck-Salathé Route (Sentinel Rock)
933:Geographic Names Information System
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517:Mather District and Camp Mather in
19:For the New Zealand cricketer, see
13:
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1819:El Portal & Arch Rock Entrance
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987:Steve Mather of the National Parks
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789:Steve Mather of the National Parks
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314:
195:University of California, Berkeley
14:
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2965:Businesspeople from San Francisco
2727:Shorty Lovelace Historic District
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989:; Alfred A. Knopf, New York; 1970
829:Forest & Conservation History
606:Stephen Mather Memorial Parkway (
566:Stephen T. Mather Training Center
510:Mather Point on the south rim of
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1312:Mariposa Grove of Giant Sequoias
345:Thorkildsen-Mather Borax Company
248:Thorkildsen-Mather Borax Company
2272:Generals' Highway Stone Bridges
2231:Smithsonian Institution Shelter
938:United States Geological Survey
906:
791:. New York: Alfred Knopf, 1951.
587:Stephen Tyng Mather High School
350:
319:Mather started working for the
2788:Kings River slender salamander
1730:1996 Yosemite Valley landslide
820:
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635:, Arkansas's first state park.
498:in Connecticut was declared a
274:, and named for the prominent
1:
2226:Redwood Meadow Ranger Station
2206:Hockett Meadow Ranger Station
639:
435:National Park to Park Highway
265:
2186:Cabin Creek Ranger Residence
1886:Geology of the Yosemite area
1881:History of the Yosemite area
626:North Cascades National Park
486:National Academy of Sciences
246:. As president and owner of
7:
1679:Yosemite Lodge at the Falls
612:Mount Rainier National Park
363:In 1904, Mather joined the
321:Pacific Coast Borax Company
10:
2996:
2732:Wilsonia Historic District
2484:Kings Canyon National Park
2322:Wuksachi Village and Lodge
2181:Ash Mountain Entrance Sign
608:Washington State Route 410
529:Kings Canyon National Park
512:Grand Canyon National Park
500:National Historic Landmark
465:Mather Memorial Plaque at
260:Department of the Interior
21:Stephen Mather (cricketer)
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1589:Salathé Wall (El Capitan)
1552:Half Dome, Northwest Face
1545:Fairview Dome, North Face
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966:The National Park Service
666:"Stephen T. Mather House"
624:, comprising much of the
622:Stephen Mather Wilderness
550:Great Basin National Park
445:Periodically disabled by
388:Secretary of the Interior
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892:. National Park Service.
496:Stephen Tyng Mather Home
155:Brookline, Massachusetts
2783:Kern Plateau salamander
2297:Kern Plateau salamander
1735:1997 Merced River flood
1725:1938 Yosemite TWA crash
1058:Mather family homestead
668:. National Park Service
372:Boone and Crockett Club
2694:Redwood Mountain Grove
2648:
2037:
1745:2022 Washburn Wildfire
1458:
1445:Yosemite Valley Chapel
1425:Little Yosemite Valley
1271:Yosemite National Park
1045:, The Bancroft Library
964:Everhart, William C.;
863:"Public Welfare Award"
841:10.1093/forhis/34.2.58
519:Yosemite National Park
470:
2647:
2382:Nearby municipalities
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1948:Sequoia National Park
1610:The Nose (El Capitan)
1457:
1194:William Penn Mott Jr.
1184:William J. Whalen III
1169:George B. Hartzog Jr.
746:on February 23, 2013.
633:Petit Jean State Park
464:
417:National Park Service
305:Elizabeth, New Jersey
244:National Park Service
2773:Great Western Divide
2674:Converse Basin Grove
2277:Great Western Divide
2221:Quinn Ranger Station
1979:General Sherman Tree
1566:Lost Arrow Spire Tip
1189:Russell E. Dickenson
1031:May 3, 2007, at the
560:Denali National Park
482:Public Welfare Medal
457:Legacy and memorials
380:George Bird Grinnell
301:Robert Sterling Yard
252:Robert Sterling Yard
215:Public Welfare Medal
2717:Barton–Lackey Cabin
2684:General Grant Grove
1066:Government offices
985:Shankland, Robert;
787:Shankland, Robert.
773:"Stephen T. Mather"
548:Mather Overlook in
309:Darien, Connecticut
228:Stephen Tyng Mather
176:Jane T. Floy (1893)
167:Darien, Connecticut
2699:Robert E. Lee Tree
2679:General Grant Tree
2649:
2148:Triple Divide Peak
2113:Milestone Mountain
2078:Kaweah Peaks Ridge
2038:
1896:List of waterfalls
1661:Ahwahnechee people
1582:Royal Arches Route
1575:Midnight Lightning
1459:
1435:Bracebridge Dinner
1144:Horace M. Albright
1089:Horace M. Albright
718:, 1999. Chapter 4"
694:. January 23, 1930
692:The New York Times
471:
467:Zion National Park
411:Horace M. Albright
376:Theodore Roosevelt
330:20 Mule Team Borax
284:Lowell High School
238:who was the first
184:Bertha Floy Mather
106:Horace M. Albright
94:Office established
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2888:California Portal
2824:Stephen T. Mather
2741:Other attractions
2450:
2449:
2442:California Portal
2368:George W. Stewart
2348:Stephen T. Mather
2282:High Sierra Trail
2267:Generals' Highway
2245:Other attractions
2216:Pear Lake Ski Hut
1964:Atwell Mill Grove
1914:
1913:
1906:California Portal
1901:Yosemite Category
1740:2013 Rim Wildfire
1718:Natural disasters
1704:High Sierra Camps
1699:Housekeeping Camp
1636:Stephen T. Mather
1619:
1618:
1440:Yosemite Firefall
1237:
1236:
1199:James M. Ridenour
1159:Arthur E. Demaray
1095:
1094:
1086:Succeeded by
601:New York City, NY
591:Chicago, Illinois
537:on the border of
225:
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165:Mather Cemetery,
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2768:Generals Highway
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2302:Lilliput Glacier
2236:Squatter's Cabin
2158:Thunder Mountain
1941:
1934:
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1918:
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1760:Nearby airports
1651:Buffalo Soldiers
1603:Separate Reality
1559:Lost Arrow Spire
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1332:Chilnualna Falls
1317:Tuolumne Meadows
1292:Yosemite Village
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1214:Fran P. Mainella
1204:Roger G. Kennedy
1174:Ronald H. Walker
1149:Arno B. Cammerer
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1071:Preceded by
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742:. Archived from
740:"Stephen Mather"
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710:
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703:
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539:Great Falls Park
447:bipolar disorder
391:Franklin K. Lane
341:bipolar disorder
151:
148:January 22, 1930
130:
128:
116:Personal details
102:
90:
63:
42:
28:
27:
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2778:John Muir Trail
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2709:Historic places
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2565:Middle Palisade
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2317:Ursa Minor Cave
2287:John Muir Trail
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2173:Historic places
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2024:Washington Tree
2004:Mark Twain Tree
1950:
1945:
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1476:John Muir Trail
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1395:Bridalveil Fall
1344:
1336:
1287:Yosemite Valley
1273:
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1233:
1224:Jonathan Jarvis
1164:Conrad L. Wirth
1154:Newton B. Drury
1130:
1125:
1091:
1082:
1074:
1033:Wayback Machine
1022:
1012:
961:
959:Further reading
956:
946:
944:
926:
925:
921:
912:
911:
907:
901:
886:
882:
872:
870:
869:on June 4, 2011
861:
860:
856:
825:
821:
813:, broadcast on
800:
799:
795:
786:
779:
771:
767:
755:
751:
738:
737:
728:
720:
712:
711:
707:
697:
695:
686:
685:
681:
671:
669:
664:
663:
646:
642:
459:
419:
353:
317:
315:Business career
268:
236:conservationist
205:
153:
149:
132:
126:
124:
100:
88:
82:Calvin Coolidge
80:
76:
64:
59:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2993:
2983:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2942:
2941:
2929:
2917:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2880:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2836:
2834:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2821:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2758:Deadman Canyon
2755:
2753:Darwin Glacier
2750:
2748:Charlotte Lake
2744:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2713:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2660:
2658:
2656:Giant sequoias
2652:
2651:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2585:Palisade Crest
2582:
2580:North Palisade
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2520:Charlotte Dome
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2496:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2480:
2479:
2472:
2465:
2457:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2434:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2363:Josiah Whitney
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2177:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2143:Table Mountain
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2098:Mount Le Conte
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2049:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1989:Hazelwood Tree
1986:
1981:
1976:
1974:Garfield Grove
1971:
1966:
1960:
1958:
1956:Giant sequoias
1952:
1951:
1944:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1921:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1877:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1821:
1816:
1810:
1808:
1807:municipalities
1802:
1801:
1799:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1757:
1755:
1754:Transportation
1751:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1555:
1548:
1540:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1516:Mariposa Grove
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1496:Ostrander Lake
1493:
1488:
1486:Panorama Trail
1483:
1478:
1472:
1470:
1462:
1461:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1359:
1357:Yosemite Falls
1354:
1348:
1346:
1335:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1283:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1267:
1266:
1259:
1252:
1244:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1209:Robert Stanton
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1179:Gary Everhardt
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1139:Stephen Mather
1135:
1132:
1131:
1124:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1101:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1084:
1075:
1073:not applicable
1072:
1068:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1055:
1049:Stephen Mather
1046:
1040:
1021:
1020:External links
1018:
1017:
1016:
1010:
990:
983:
981:978-0299106348
971:Fox, Stephen;
969:
960:
957:
955:
954:
928:"Mount Mather"
919:
905:
902:(3.05 MB)
880:
854:
819:
793:
777:
765:
749:
726:
705:
679:
643:
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638:
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636:
629:
619:
604:
594:
583:
582:
578:
577:
563:
553:
546:
532:
522:
515:
507:
506:
503:
492:
489:
478:
458:
455:
429:He introduced
418:
415:
406:Woodrow Wilson
352:
349:
316:
313:
267:
264:
256:National Parks
223:
222:
219:
218:
212:
208:
207:
202:
198:
197:
192:
186:
185:
182:
178:
177:
174:
170:
169:
163:
159:
158:
152:(aged 62)
146:
142:
141:
122:
118:
117:
113:
112:
109:
108:
103:
97:
96:
91:
85:
84:
78:Warren Harding
74:Woodrow Wilson
71:
67:
66:
56:
55:
48:
47:
44:
43:
35:
34:
32:Stephen Mather
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2992:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2916:
2906:
2905:
2902:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2879:
2871:
2870:
2867:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2845:Yokuts Valley
2843:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2833:Nearby places
2831:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2763:Forester Pass
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2706:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2646:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2620:Triple Divide
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2525:Clarence King
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2478:
2473:
2471:
2466:
2464:
2459:
2458:
2455:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2433:
2425:
2424:
2421:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2380:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2353:Hale D. Tharp
2351:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2262:Forester Pass
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2211:Hospital Rock
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2164:
2163:Mount Whitney
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2153:Mount Tyndall
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2138:Mount Stewart
2136:
2134:
2133:Sawtooth Peak
2131:
2129:
2128:Mount Russell
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2103:Mount Mallory
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2093:Mount Langley
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2073:Junction Peak
2071:
2069:
2068:Florence Peak
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2058:Mount Barnard
2056:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2035:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1969:Franklin Tree
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1942:
1937:
1935:
1930:
1928:
1923:
1922:
1919:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1870:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1824:Yosemite West
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1803:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1752:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1668:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1506:Sentinel Dome
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1491:McGurk Meadow
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1463:
1456:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1430:LeConte Lodge
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1376:
1375:The Dawn Wall
1371:
1370:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1302:Glacier Point
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1265:
1260:
1258:
1253:
1251:
1246:
1245:
1242:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1219:Mary A. Bomar
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1129:
1122:
1117:
1115:
1110:
1108:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1090:
1081:
1080:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1013:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
988:
984:
982:
978:
974:
970:
967:
963:
962:
943:
939:
935:
934:
929:
923:
915:
909:
899:
898:
891:
884:
868:
864:
858:
850:
846:
842:
838:
835:(2): 58–107.
834:
830:
823:
816:
812:
807:
806:
803:
797:
790:
784:
782:
774:
769:
763:
759:
753:
745:
741:
735:
733:
731:
719:
717:
709:
693:
689:
683:
667:
661:
659:
657:
655:
653:
651:
649:
644:
634:
630:
627:
623:
620:
617:
613:
609:
605:
602:
598:
595:
592:
588:
585:
584:
580:
579:
575:
574:West Virginia
571:
567:
564:
561:
557:
554:
551:
547:
544:
540:
536:
533:
530:
526:
523:
520:
516:
513:
509:
508:
504:
501:
497:
494:In 1963, the
493:
490:
487:
483:
479:
477:
473:
472:
468:
463:
454:
452:
448:
443:
440:
436:
432:
427:
423:
414:
412:
407:
402:
400:
399:Adolph Miller
394:
392:
389:
383:
381:
377:
373:
368:
366:
361:
359:
348:
346:
342:
338:
333:
331:
327:
322:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
297:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
272:San Francisco
263:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
232:industrialist
229:
220:
216:
213:
209:
203:
199:
196:
193:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
168:
164:
162:Resting place
160:
156:
147:
143:
139:
135:
134:San Francisco
123:
119:
114:
110:
107:
104:
98:
95:
92:
86:
83:
79:
75:
72:
68:
62:
57:
54:
49:
45:
41:
36:
29:
26:
22:
2850:Independence
2823:
2722:Gamlin Cabin
2575:Norman Clyde
2389:Three Rivers
2358:John Tyndall
2347:
2307:Mineral King
2252:Crystal Cave
2191:Cattle Cabin
2108:Mount McAdie
2088:Mount Kaweah
2083:Kaweah Queen
2063:Black Kaweah
1999:Lincoln Tree
1984:Giant Forest
1694:Wawona Hotel
1684:The Ahwahnee
1656:Chief Tenaya
1635:
1608:
1601:
1594:
1587:
1580:
1573:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1526:Lembert Dome
1521:Wapama Falls
1387:To the Limit
1386:
1379:
1373:
1368:
1297:Hetch Hetchy
1229:Charles Sams
1138:
1077:
1053:Find a Grave
1036:
1002:Edward Abbey
997:
986:
972:
965:
945:. Retrieved
931:
922:
908:
896:
883:
873:February 14,
871:. Retrieved
867:the original
857:
832:
828:
822:
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802:
796:
788:
768:
752:
744:the original
715:
708:
696:. Retrieved
691:
682:
670:. Retrieved
556:Mount Mather
535:Mather Gorge
444:
428:
424:
420:
403:
395:
384:
369:
362:
354:
351:Conservation
334:
318:
296:New York Sun
294:
292:
280:Stephen Tyng
269:
227:
226:
150:(1930-01-22)
131:July 4, 1867
101:Succeeded by
93:
60:
25:
2960:1930 deaths
2955:1867 births
2927:Environment
2793:Martha Lake
2669:Cedar Grove
2615:Thunderbolt
2338:C.C. Curtis
2019:Tharp's Log
1994:King Arthur
1874:information
1672:and camping
1641:Galen Clark
1511:Alder Creek
1420:Nevada Fall
1415:Vernal Fall
1405:Mirror Lake
1400:Happy Isles
1345:attractions
1327:Wawona Tree
1307:Badger Pass
1279:Attractions
994:Wild, Peter
525:Mather Pass
431:concessions
365:Sierra Club
204:Businessman
89:Preceded by
2949:Categories
2689:Ishi Giant
2664:Boole Tree
2630:University
2500:Acrodectes
2394:Lemon Cove
2292:Kaweah Gap
2257:Eagle Lake
2123:Red Kaweah
2118:Mount Muir
2009:Muir Grove
1872:Additional
1863:Lee Vining
1828:Chinquapin
1689:Camp Curry
1501:Taft Point
1481:Mist Trail
1410:North Dome
1369:El Capitan
1362:El Capitan
1322:Tioga Pass
1083:1917–1929
1011:0878421076
762:0831071486
640:References
266:Early life
206:Naturalist
201:Occupation
190:Alma mater
138:California
127:1867-07-04
2915:Biography
2819:John Muir
2803:Rae Lakes
2798:Muir Pass
2590:Palisades
2570:Milestone
2492:Mountains
2414:Lone Pine
2343:John Muir
2312:Moro Rock
2053:Alta Peak
2045:Mountains
2014:President
1848:Briceburg
1796:Route 120
1786:Route 140
1631:John Muir
1381:Free Solo
1352:Half Dome
947:April 16,
811:Ken Burns
610:) in the
484:from the
439:railroads
382:in 1887.
358:John Muir
290:in 1887.
278:minister
276:Episcopal
70:President
61:In office
2939:Politics
2878:Category
2635:Winchell
2605:Stanford
2555:Junction
2540:Farquhar
2432:Category
1858:Midpines
1853:Oakhurst
1843:Mariposa
1838:Bootjack
1791:Route 41
1029:Archived
614:and the
240:director
181:Children
2901:Portals
2855:Auberry
2625:Thunder
2545:Goddard
2505:Agassiz
2404:Visalia
1814:Foresta
1670:Lodging
1366:Films:
849:3983859
698:May 13,
672:May 13,
326:Chicago
242:of the
2860:Fresno
2812:People
2535:Darwin
2530:Cotter
2515:Brewer
2510:Baxter
2409:Tulare
2399:Kaweah
2373:Yokuts
2331:People
1833:Wawona
1826:&
1805:Nearby
1709:Camp 4
1624:People
1537:climbs
1468:trails
1466:Hiking
1342:Valley
1008:
979:
900:
847:
760:
451:stroke
217:(1930)
211:Awards
173:Spouse
157:, U.S.
140:, U.S.
2610:Table
2600:Split
2560:Keith
2550:Gould
1781:YARTS
1535:Rock
1039:, NPS
845:JSTOR
721:(PDF)
337:borax
2840:Hume
2595:Sill
1006:ISBN
977:ISBN
949:2013
875:2011
758:ISBN
700:2012
674:2012
541:and
378:and
234:and
145:Died
121:Born
51:1st
1774:MMH
1769:MPI
1764:FAT
1051:at
837:doi
815:PBS
599:in
589:in
572:in
558:in
527:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
