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370:, and monkeys, dogs, elephants, and dolphins. They are treated as "legal things." Their most basic and fundamental interests — their pains, their lives, their freedoms — are intentionally ignored, often maliciously trampled, and routinely abused. Ancient philosophers claimed that all nonhuman animals had been designed and placed on this earth just for human beings. Ancient jurists declared that law had been created just for human beings. Although philosophy and science have long since recanted, the law has not.
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318:, meet the criteria of legal personhood, and should therefore be awarded certain rights and protections. His criteria for personhood are that the animal must be able to desire things, to act in an intentional manner to acquire those things, and must have a sense of self — must know that he or she exists. Wise argues that
353:
from all nonhuman animals. On one side, even the most trivial interests of a single species — ours — are jealously guarded. We have assigned ourselves, alone among the million animal species, the status of "legal persons." On the other side of that wall lies the legal refuse of an entire kingdom, not
393:
from Roger Fouts, the primatologist, and was raised by
Maurice K. Temerlin and Temerlin Mcclain. Fouts would arrive at Lucy's home at 8:30 every morning, when Lucy would greet him with a hug, go to the stove, take the kettle, fill it with water from the sink, find two cups and tea bags from the
337:
Wise argued that these animals should have legal personhood bestowed upon them to protect them from "serious infringements upon their bodily integrity and bodily liberty." Without personhood in law, he writes, one is "invisible to civil law" and "might as well be dead."
292:". A practicing animal protection attorney, he was president of the nonprofit Nonhuman Rights Project, where he directed its Nonhuman Rights Project, the continuing purpose of which is to obtain basic common law rights for at least some nonhuman animals. Wise lived in
549:(called a "seminal work" by the Boston Globe (March 3, 2005); Time magazine observed "nce the domain of activists, animal law has steadily gained respect among law schools and legal scholars since 2000, when …
480:
as well as other editions of Who's Who since 2005. He was a frequent guest on a wide variety of television and radio news and talk shows throughout Europe, Africa, Australia, New
Zealand, and North America.
484:
Wise spoke frequently on topics related to animal rights law at law schools, legal conferences, and universities throughout North and South
America, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, and Africa, including
382:, with no access to sunlight, after being infected with one strain of HIV when he was three, another at the age of four, and a third at the age of five, before dying in 1996 at the age of 14.
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cupboard, and brew and serve the tea. When she was 12, the
Temerlins were no longer able to care for her. She was sent to a chimpanzee rehabilitation center in
3162:
378:, Wise offers examples of primates who he believed have suffered unjustifiably. He wrote about Jerom, a chimpanzee who lived alone in a small cage in the
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572:, Da Capo Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2005 (cover review for Sunday New York Times Book Review, January 9, 2005).
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237:(2000), in which he argued that certain basic legal rights should be extended to chimpanzees and bonobos.
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863:"Book Review: An American Trilogy: Death, Slavery, and Dominion on the Banks of the Cape Fear River"
296:, Florida, with his children Chris and Siena. He died there on February 15, 2024, at the age of 73.
127:(December 19, 1950 – February 15, 2024) was an American lawyer and legal scholar who specialized in
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provided an academic argument for granting legal rights to animals" (December 13, 2004)) .
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An
American Trilogy: Death, Slavery, and Dominion Along the Banks of the Cape Fear River
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262:, Virginia. Wise first became interested in politics through his involvement in the
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School of
Veterinary Medicine, and at the Master’s in Animal Law and Society of the
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For four thousand years, a thick and impenetrable legal wall has separated all
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902:"Chimps have feelings and thoughts. They should also have rights" (TED2015)
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804:"Nonhuman Rights Project founder & author Steven Wise dies at age 73"
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700:"Nonhuman Rights Project founder & author Steven Wise dies at age 7"
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Wise's position on animal rights is that some animals, particularly
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Wise received his undergraduate education in chemistry at the
246:(2016) follows Wise in parts of his struggle for chimpanzees.
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1722:
350:
2908:
1639:
University of
California, Riverside 1985 laboratory raid
557:
Drawing the Line: Science and the Case for Animal Rights
190:(2009), which tells the story of how a piece of land in
559:, Perseus Publishing, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2002.
3163:
Moral
Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes
3827:
University of
Illinois Chicago School of Law faculty
198:
until they were driven into near-extinction, then a
850:Rattling the Cage: Toward Legal Rights for Animals
539:Rattling the Cage: Toward Legal Rights for Animals
341:Wise wrote in "The Problem with Being a Thing" in
217:, a black man rescued from a ship heading for the
206:and the world's largest slaughterhouse. His book,
266:while at William & Mary. Wise studied law at
3783:
1018:List of international animal welfare conventions
541:, Perseus Books, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2000
3315:An Introduction to Animals and Political Theory
288:(1975), often referred to as "the bible of the
2746:
933:
1023:Moral status of animals in the ancient world
605:Chimpanzee and Human Communication Institute
2990:Animal Defence and Anti-Vivisection Society
2934:People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
961:Topics (overviews, concepts, issues, cases)
444:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
940:
926:
894:
865:. Michigan State University College of Law
823:
821:
767:"Should a Chimp Be Able to Sue Its Owner?"
697:
177:had called him "one of the pistons of the
3137:Media (books, films, periodicals, albums)
3074:Human Environment Animal Protection Party
464:Learn how and when to remove this message
221:slave markets, which gave impetus to the
3195:Evolutional Ethics and Animal Psychology
1447:Pain and suffering in laboratory animals
389:, a six-year-old chimpanzee who learned
194:, North Carolina, was first the home of
3842:Vermont Law and Graduate School faculty
1038:Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare
818:
764:
380:Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center
3784:
1115:Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness
838:
789:
787:
732:
715:
713:
225:in Britain and the United States (see
3331:Political Animals and Animal Politics
3135:
2919:Massachusetts Animal Rights Coalition
2844:Centre for Animals and Social Justice
2745:
1721:
1251:Concentrated animal feeding operation
1028:Timeline of animal welfare and rights
983:Animal rights by country or territory
959:
921:
3062:Animalist Party with the Environment
1344:Animal testing on non-human primates
442:adding citations to reliable sources
409:
299:
3807:American anti–Vietnam War activists
3486:Peaceable Kingdom: The Journey Home
1691:World Day for the End of Speciesism
784:
765:Siebert, Charles (April 23, 2014).
710:
681:"Just don't give them the car keys"
163:. He was a former president of the
13:
3611:Relations. Beyond Anthropocentrism
2954:United Activists for Animal Rights
2864:Doctors Against Animal Experiments
998:Animal cruelty–Holocaust analogies
504:and jurisprudence at the Harvard,
202:, and finally the site of factory
161:Autonomous University of Barcelona
16:American legal scholar (1950–2024)
14:
3853:
3832:Lewis & Clark College faculty
3155:On Abstinence from Eating Animals
3115:Animal Rights National Conference
3038:Animal Protection Party of Canada
2995:Canadian Anti-Vivisection Society
2849:Chinese Animal Protection Network
2774:American Anti-Vivisection Society
2248:Johann Friedrich Ludwig Volckmann
1003:Animal rights in Indian religions
993:Animal rights and punk subculture
947:
881:
167:and founder and president of the
139:. He taught animal rights law at
3762:
3761:
3323:Animal Rights Without Liberation
2974:Voice for Animals Humane Society
1701:World Day for the End of Fishing
1696:World Day for Laboratory Animals
1126:Equal consideration of interests
846:"The Problem with Being a Thing"
806:. Animals 24-7. 17 February 2024
414:
326:, elephants, parrots, dolphins,
3802:American animal rights scholars
3044:Animal Justice Party of Finland
2929:Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics
2138:Karl Christian Friedrich Krause
1726:(academics, writers, activists)
1619:Monkey selfie copyright dispute
855:
698:M. Clifton (17 February 2024).
625:List of animal rights advocates
3267:Animals, Property, and the Law
1339:Alternatives to animal testing
1008:Christianity and animal rights
796:
758:
691:
673:
1:
2904:Korea Animal Rights Advocates
1609:Cambridge University primates
1141:Ethics of uncertain sentience
666:
256:College of William & Mary
249:
116:Debra Slater-Wise (div. 2012)
71:College of William & Mary
2964:UPF-Centre for Animal Ethics
1109:Argument from marginal cases
491:Monash University Law School
385:Wise also told the story of
153:Lewis & Clark Law School
7:
3251:Morals, Reason, and Animals
2879:Farm Animal Rights Movement
2829:Anonymous for the Voiceless
1513:International primate trade
988:Anarchism and animal rights
740:"Emeritus Advisory Council"
597:
570:Though the Heavens May Fall
405:
223:movement to abolish slavery
208:Though the Heavens May Fall
10:
3858:
3822:Harvard Law School faculty
3371:Making a Stand for Animals
3243:The Case for Animal Rights
2894:Hunt Saboteurs Association
2854:Cruelty Free International
2824:Anti-Vivisection Coalition
1349:Animal testing regulations
833:New York Times Book Review
829:"The Chimps' Day in Court"
729:, Steven Wise's home page.
495:University of Stellenbosch
476:Wise has been profiled in
303:
290:animal liberation movement
3757:
3730:
3677:
3627:
3567:
3560:
3526:The Ghosts in Our Machine
3381:
3363:Animal Ethics in the Wild
3146:
3142:
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3107:
3018:
2982:
2799:Animal Legal Defense Fund
2766:
2759:
2755:
2741:
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2297:
2290:
2093:William Hamilton Drummond
2035:
1744:
1735:
1731:
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1678:
1657:
1596:
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1488:
1460:
1452:Welfare of farmed insects
1397:
1329:
1221:
1214:
1079:Animal–industrial complex
1046:
970:
966:
955:
264:anti-Vietnam War movement
165:Animal Legal Defense Fund
112:
98:
90:
66:
47:
28:
21:
3837:Tufts University faculty
3604:Journal of Animal Ethics
3470:Your Mommy Kills Animals
2859:Direct Action Everywhere
2263:Johann Heinrich Winckler
2208:Nathaniel Peabody Rogers
1665:Direct Action Everywhere
1369:Huntingdon Life Sciences
1354:Labcorp Drug Development
1311:Feedback (pork industry)
1276:Intensive animal farming
1013:History of animal rights
532:
527:
212:1772 trial in England of
149:John Marshall Law School
3812:American legal scholars
3739:Holocaust on your Plate
3510:An Apology to Elephants
3291:Do Animals Have Rights?
3227:Animals, Men and Morals
3203:Better-World Philosophy
3080:Italian Animalist Party
2959:United Poultry Concerns
2914:Last Chance for Animals
2809:Animal Liberation Front
2696:Maud Ingersoll Probasco
1181:Replaceability argument
1099:Animal-free agriculture
746:. Animal History Museum
585:, Da Capo Press, 2009.
184:Wise was the author of
169:Nonhuman Rights Project
3712:Salvation of Innocents
3259:Zoos and Animal Rights
2834:Beauty Without Cruelty
2794:Animal Justice Project
2128:John Zephaniah Holwell
1782:Stephen St. C. Bostock
1359:Great ape research ban
978:Animal rights movement
478:Who's Who in the World
391:American Sign Language
372:
179:animal rights movement
94:Animal rights attorney
3731:Fairs and exhibitions
3618:The Animals' Defender
3590:Cahiers antispécistes
3518:Speciesism: The Movie
3339:Animal (De)liberation
3299:Striking at the Roots
3211:The Universal Kinship
3171:The Rights of Animals
3092:People Animals Nature
3086:Party for the Animals
2899:In Defense of Animals
2661:Nina Douglas-Hamilton
2048:David Renaud Boullier
1634:Silver Spring monkeys
1533:Wild animal suffering
1442:Pain in invertebrates
1281:Intensive pig farming
1171:Opposition to hunting
1136:Ethics of eating meat
347:
334:meet these criteria.
210:(2005), recounts the
3347:Sentientist Politics
3275:The Lives of Animals
3026:Animal Justice Party
2839:Born Free Foundation
2676:Lizzy Lind af Hageby
2550:Wendy Turner-Webster
2258:Adam Gottlieb Weigen
1480:Recreational fishing
1321:Ventilation shutdown
1089:Animal protectionism
1069:Animal consciousness
835:, February 20, 2000.
438:improve this section
306:Great ape personhood
270:and was awarded his
118:Gail Price-Wise, MPH
3771:( 139 )
3597:Etica & Animali
3583:Between the Species
3307:An American Trilogy
3000:Humanitarian League
2611:Frances Power Cobbe
2223:Arthur Schopenhauer
2218:Henry Stephens Salt
2098:Edward Payson Evans
1792:Stephen R. L. Clark
1649:War of the currents
1538:Wildlife management
1432:Pain in crustaceans
1427:Pain in cephalopods
645:Stephen R. L. Clark
514:University of Miami
187:An American Trilogy
137:animal intelligence
3534:Unlocking the Cage
3355:Wild Animal Ethics
3179:The Ethics of Diet
3056:Animalist Movement
3032:Animal Politics EU
2944:Sentience Politics
2570:That Vegan Teacher
2183:Siobhan O'Sullivan
2168:José Ferrater Mora
1977:Steve F. Sapontzis
1470:Commercial fishing
1422:Pain in amphibians
1412:Cruelty to animals
1384:Operation Backfire
1223:Animal agriculture
1131:Emotion in animals
827:Sunstein, Cass R.
793:Gale, "Biography".
725:2006-01-09 at the
720:"About the author"
487:Harvard Law School
243:Unlocking the Cage
145:Vermont Law School
141:Harvard Law School
3779:
3778:
3772:
3753:
3752:
3749:
3748:
3720:Onward to Freedom
3688:Animal Liberation
3673:
3672:
3494:Forks Over Knives
3446:Peaceable Kingdom
3406:Shores of Silence
3398:A Cow at My Table
3283:Eternal Treblinka
3235:Animal Liberation
3127:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3014:
3013:
2949:Uncaged Campaigns
2924:Mercy for Animals
2889:Great Ape Project
2804:Animal Liberation
2750:(groups, parties)
2737:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2636:Elizabeth Farians
2545:Christine Townend
2485:Heather Nicholson
2410:Brigitte Gothière
2400:Antoine Goetschel
2286:
2285:
1947:Charles Patterson
1852:Gary L. Francione
1827:Josephine Donovan
1817:Daniel Dombrowski
1797:Alasdair Cochrane
1713:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1592:
1591:
1523:Predation problem
1407:Animal euthanasia
1316:Foam depopulation
1151:Insects in ethics
848:, Chapter One of
551:Rattling the Cage
502:animal rights law
474:
473:
466:
376:Rattling the Cage
343:Rattling the Cage
300:Animal personhood
285:Animal Liberation
268:Boston University
235:Rattling the Cage
229:). He also wrote
122:
121:
80:Boston University
51:February 15, 2024
39:December 19, 1950
3849:
3770:
3765:
3764:
3576:Animal Sentience
3565:
3564:
3430:Legally Blonde 2
3390:The Animals Film
3144:
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2939:Rise for Animals
2764:
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2606:Edith Carrington
2510:Craig Rosebraugh
2470:Virginia McKenna
2460:Jo-Anne McArthur
2390:Juliet Gellatley
2295:
2294:
2253:Mary Anne Warren
2193:Humphrey Primatt
2178:Edward Nicholson
2148:Charles R. Magel
2113:Thomas G. Gentry
1972:Richard D. Ryder
1912:Thomas Lepeltier
1742:
1741:
1733:
1732:
1719:
1718:
1686:World Animal Day
1644:Unnecessary Fuss
1604:Brown Dog affair
1574:Animals in sport
1564:Animal slaughter
1559:Animal sacrifice
1498:Culling wildlife
1301:Wildlife farming
1219:
1218:
1064:Animal cognition
1033:Total liberation
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687:. June 10, 2002.
677:
640:Richard D. Ryder
469:
462:
458:
455:
449:
418:
410:
398:, then flown to
240:The documentary
231:Drawing the Line
227:Somersett's Case
200:slave plantation
196:Native Americans
174:Yale Law Journal
157:Tufts University
54:
38:
36:
19:
18:
3857:
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3650:Muutoksen kevät
3623:
3556:
3462:Behind the Mask
3377:
3187:Animals' Rights
3138:
3119:
3103:
3010:
2978:
2751:
2725:
2586:Cleveland Amory
2574:
2540:Darren Thurston
2535:Marianne Thieme
2385:Bruce Friedrich
2350:Joey Carbstrong
2335:Brigitte Bardot
2282:
2273:Jon Wynne-Tyson
2163:J. Howard Moore
2108:John Galsworthy
2088:Wilhelm Dietler
2031:
2027:Corey Lee Wrenn
1937:Martha Nussbaum
1847:Lawrence Finsen
1787:Paola Cavalieri
1762:Kristin Andrews
1737:
1727:
1705:
1674:
1653:
1588:
1542:
1484:
1456:
1417:Pain in animals
1393:
1325:
1291:Poultry farming
1210:
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727:Wayback Machine
718:
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685:Tampa Bay Times
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664:
600:
535:
530:
510:Lewis and Clark
470:
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215:James Somersett
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34:
32:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3422:Meet Your Meat
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3219:The New Ethics
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3050:Animals' Party
3047:
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2819:AnimaNaturalis
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2789:Animal Justice
2786:
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2721:Gretchen Wyler
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2698:
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2663:
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2651:Lewis Gompertz
2648:
2643:
2641:Emarel Freshel
2638:
2633:
2631:Muriel Dowding
2628:
2623:
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2608:
2603:
2598:
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2565:Gary Yourofsky
2562:
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2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
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2497:
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2480:Ingrid Newkirk
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
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2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2420:Charlotte Laws
2417:
2412:
2407:
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2397:
2392:
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2345:Yves Bonnardel
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2320:Martin Balluch
2317:
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2301:
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2268:Steven M. Wise
2265:
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2255:
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2213:Bernard Rollin
2210:
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2173:Leonard Nelson
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2110:
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2100:
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2078:Herman Daggett
2075:
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2068:Priscilla Cohn
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2043:Jeremy Bentham
2039:
2037:
2033:
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2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
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1969:
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1957:Jessica Pierce
1954:
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1944:
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1934:
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1887:Kyle Johannsen
1884:
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1812:David DeGrazia
1809:
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1752:Carol J. Adams
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1624:Pit of despair
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1554:Abandoned pets
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1424:
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1409:
1403:
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1399:Animal welfare
1395:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1374:Model organism
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1335:
1333:
1331:Animal testing
1327:
1326:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1306:Working animal
1303:
1298:
1296:Slaughterhouse
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1271:Insect farming
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1231:Animal product
1227:
1225:
1216:
1212:
1211:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1186:Sentiocentrism
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1094:Animal welfare
1091:
1086:
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944:
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930:
922:
916:
915:
909:Steven M. Wise
906:
905:
904:
883:
882:External links
880:
877:
876:
854:
844:Wise, Steven.
837:
817:
795:
783:
771:New York Times
757:
731:
709:
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670:
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665:
663:
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642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
615:Ingrid Newkirk
612:
610:Gary Francione
607:
601:
599:
596:
595:
594:
580:
567:
554:
534:
531:
529:
526:
497:among others.
472:
471:
422:
420:
413:
407:
404:
301:
298:
278:after reading
251:
248:
125:Steven M. Wise
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
100:
99:Known for
96:
95:
92:
88:
87:
68:
64:
63:
57:
55:(aged 73)
49:
45:
44:
41:
30:
26:
25:
23:Steven M. Wise
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3854:
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3808:
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3698:
3697:
3696:Tame Yourself
3693:
3690:
3689:
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3676:
3666:
3665:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3657:No Compromise
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3188:
3184:
3181:
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3158:(3rd century)
3157:
3156:
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3141:
3134:
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3116:
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3112:
3110:
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3090:
3088:(Netherlands)
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2814:Animal Rising
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2784:Animal Ethics
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2681:Jessie Mackay
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2656:James Granger
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2591:Henry B. Amos
2589:
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2577:
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2560:Louise Wallis
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2525:Kim Stallwood
2523:
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2520:Jasmin Singer
2518:
2516:
2515:Nathan Runkle
2513:
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2506:
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2500:David Olivier
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2380:John Feldmann
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2355:Aymeric Caron
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2325:Carole Baskin
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2228:Laurids Smith
2226:
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2198:James Rachels
2196:
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2143:John Lawrence
2141:
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2053:Brigid Brophy
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2023:
2020:
2018:
2017:Tatjana Višak
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2007:David Sztybel
2005:
2003:
2002:Cass Sunstein
2000:
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1967:Mark Rowlands
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1802:J. M. Coetzee
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1074:Animal ethics
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524:Law Schools.
523:
522:John Marshall
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423:This section
421:
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388:
387:Lucy Temerlin
383:
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329:
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295:
294:Coral Springs
291:
287:
286:
281:
277:
276:animal rights
273:
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129:animal rights
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103:Animal rights
101:
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72:
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61:, Florida, US
60:
59:Coral Springs
50:
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31:
27:
20:
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3404:
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3209:
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3193:
3185:
3177:
3169:
3161:
3153:
3006:Oxford Group
2874:Every Animal
2767:Contemporary
2716:Andrew Tyler
2706:Nell Shipman
2646:André Géraud
2555:Jerry Vlasak
2530:Lynda Stoner
2505:Alex Pacheco
2435:Evanna Lynch
2430:Howard Lyman
2415:Wayne Hsiung
2375:Chris DeRose
2365:Rod Coronado
2298:Contemporary
2267:
2238:Thomas Tryon
2158:Mary Midgley
2153:Jean Meslier
2133:Soame Jenyns
2123:John Hildrop
2118:Arthur Helps
2083:Richard Dean
2058:Peter Buchan
1997:Gary Steiner
1992:Peter Singer
1987:JĂ©rĂ´me Segal
1952:David Pearce
1942:Clare Palmer
1932:David Nibert
1922:Clair Linzey
1832:Joan Dunayer
1757:Aysha Akhtar
1745:Contemporary
1614:McLibel case
1569:Animal trial
1528:Seal hunting
1490:Wild animals
1475:Fishing bait
1437:Pain in fish
1256:Fish farming
1236:Battery cage
1156:Meat paradox
1113:
1054:Abolitionism
867:. Retrieved
857:
849:
840:
832:
808:. Retrieved
798:
774:. Retrieved
770:
760:
748:. Retrieved
743:
734:
704:Animals 24-7
703:
693:
684:
675:
635:Peter Singer
620:Jane Goodall
582:
569:
556:
550:
538:
500:Wise taught
499:
483:
477:
475:
460:
451:
436:Please help
424:
384:
375:
373:
348:
342:
340:
336:
313:
283:
280:Peter Singer
260:Williamsburg
253:
241:
239:
234:
230:
207:
185:
183:
172:
124:
123:
107:abolitionism
53:(2024-02-15)
3797:2024 deaths
3792:1950 births
3561:Periodicals
3438:The Meatrix
3414:The Witness
3028:(Australia)
3002:(1891–1919)
2884:Faunalytics
2711:Henry Spira
2701:Hans Ruesch
2691:Jill Phipps
2686:Norm Phelps
2666:Barry Horne
2626:Royal Dixon
2621:Karen Davis
2601:Ernest Bell
2495:Ric O'Barry
2490:Jack Norris
2455:Dan Mathews
2360:Jake Conroy
2330:Barbi Twins
2305:James Aspey
2243:Gary Varner
2233:John Styles
2073:Henry Crowe
2022:Paul Waldau
2012:Michael Tye
1907:Renan Larue
1892:Melanie Joy
1877:Oscar Horta
1872:John Hadley
1842:Catia Faria
1837:Mylan Engel
1807:Alice Crary
1777:Steven Best
1772:Marc Bekoff
1738:and writers
1679:Observances
1584:Live export
1518:Ivory trade
1389:Vivisection
1364:Green Scare
1261:Fur farming
1166:Open rescue
1161:Nonviolence
888:Steven Wise
869:30 November
810:17 February
776:November 9,
750:3 September
744:AHM Website
650:Steven Best
630:Paul Waldau
356:chimpanzees
320:chimpanzees
219:West Indies
133:primatology
3786:Categories
3550:Seaspiracy
3454:Earthlings
3094:(Portugal)
3068:DierAnimal
2983:Historical
2779:Animal Aid
2671:Marie Huot
2616:Joan Court
2596:Bob Barker
2579:Historical
2465:LuĂsa Mell
2445:Keith Mann
2440:Bill Maher
2425:Ronnie Lee
2395:Tal Gilboa
2370:Karen Dawn
2310:Greg Avery
2188:Rod Preece
2103:T. Forster
2063:Mona Caird
2036:Historical
1897:Hilda Kean
1867:Lori Gruen
1201:Vegaphobia
1191:Speciesism
1084:Animal law
667:References
593:(a review)
578:0738206954
565:0738203408
547:0738200654
518:St. Thomas
493:, and the
368:orangutans
328:orangutans
310:Personhood
304:See also:
250:Background
105:advocacy,
91:Occupation
35:1950-12-19
3704:Manifesto
3643:Bite Back
3628:Magazines
3502:Vegucated
3100:(Germany)
3098:V-ParteiÂł
3076:(Germany)
3070:(Belgium)
3046:(Finland)
2869:Equanimal
2475:Morrissey
2450:Jim Mason
2405:Mark Gold
2340:Gene Baur
2315:Matt Ball
2291:Activists
2203:Tom Regan
1982:Jeff Sebo
1927:Dan Lyons
1736:Academics
1724:Advocates
1579:Live food
1379:Nafovanny
1286:Livestock
1266:Fur trade
1241:Bile bear
1176:Personism
971:Overviews
655:Tom Regan
454:July 2014
425:does not
362:but also
204:hog farms
67:Education
3767:Category
3636:Arkangel
3568:Journals
3542:Dominion
3478:The Cove
3108:Activism
3052:(Sweden)
3040:(Canada)
3034:(Europe)
2748:Movement
2278:Voltaire
1196:Veganism
1146:Ethology
1047:Concepts
723:Archived
598:See also
406:Seminars
364:gorillas
332:gorillas
316:primates
192:Tar Heel
3082:(Italy)
3064:(Spain)
3058:(Italy)
3019:Parties
1508:Hunting
1462:Fishing
1121:Carnism
506:Vermont
446:removed
431:sources
396:Senegal
360:bonobos
324:bonobos
113:Spouses
3769:
3742:(2003)
3723:(2014)
3715:(2014)
3707:(2008)
3699:(1991)
3691:(1987)
3679:Albums
3553:(2021)
3545:(2018)
3537:(2016)
3529:(2013)
3521:(2013)
3513:(2013)
3505:(2011)
3497:(2011)
3489:(2009)
3481:(2009)
3473:(2007)
3465:(2006)
3457:(2005)
3449:(2004)
3441:(2003)
3433:(2003)
3425:(2002)
3417:(2000)
3409:(2000)
3401:(1998)
3393:(1981)
3374:(2022)
3366:(2022)
3358:(2020)
3350:(2018)
3342:(2016)
3334:(2014)
3326:(2012)
3318:(2010)
3310:(2009)
3302:(2008)
3294:(2005)
3286:(2001)
3278:(1999)
3270:(1995)
3262:(1993)
3254:(1987)
3246:(1983)
3238:(1975)
3230:(1971)
3222:(1907)
3214:(1906)
3206:(1899)
3198:(1897)
3190:(1892)
3182:(1883)
3174:(1838)
3166:(1824)
2760:Groups
1215:Issues
1059:Ahimsa
660:Washoe
589:
576:
563:
545:
520:, and
400:Gambia
330:, and
171:. The
135:, and
3664:Satya
3382:Films
3147:Books
2969:Viva!
1597:Cases
1547:Other
533:Books
528:Works
354:just
351:human
2909:L214
1629:SHAC
913:IMDb
871:2015
812:2024
778:2014
752:2013
587:ISBN
574:ISBN
561:ISBN
543:ISBN
429:any
427:cite
358:and
308:and
272:J.D.
48:Died
29:Born
911:at
892:TED
890:at
440:by
374:In
282:'s
258:in
181:."
3788::
831:,
820:^
786:^
769:.
742:.
712:^
702:.
683:.
516:,
512:,
508:,
489:,
366:,
345::
322:,
155:,
151:,
147:,
143:,
131:,
84:JD
75:BA
42:US
941:e
934:t
927:v
873:.
852:.
814:.
780:.
754:.
706:.
467:)
461:(
456:)
452:(
448:.
434:.
86:)
82:(
77:)
73:(
37:)
33:(
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