476:
832:
686:
732:
645:
3314:
878:
541:
42:
587:
3308:
430:
782:
3302:
919:
1128:
1114:
1098:
1084:
1070:
1052:
1038:
1019:
999:
985:
971:
2521:, the son-in-law of Majid bin Said, was supposed to become the Sultan of Zanzibar after Hamid bin Thuwayni's death. However, Khalid bin Bhargash, son of Bargash bin Said, seized the Sultan's palace and declared himself the ruler of Zanzibar. The British, who had supported Hamoud, responded on 26 August by issuing an ultimatum to Khalid and his men to leave the palace within one hour. After he refused, the
330:
to become sultan, believing that he would be much easier to work with. The
British gave Khalid an hour to vacate the sultan's palace in Stone Town. Khalid failed to do so, and instead assembled an army of 2,800 men to fight the British. The British launched an attack on the palace and other locations
2468:, contested the accession to power. Following a struggle over the position, it was decided that Zanzibar and Oman would be divided into two separate principalities. Majid would rule as the Sultan of Zanzibar while Thuwaini would rule as the Sultan of Oman.
58:
2525:
began firing at the palace and other locations in Stone Town. Khalid assembled an army of 2,800 and stationed them all around the town. Thirty-eight minutes later, Khalid retreated to the German
209:. Omani and other Arab traders had already been prominent in trade with the island for hundreds of years. It was also visited by traders from Persia and India, who arrived with the seasonal
3083:
242:, whom Said encouraged to settle on the island. Traders had been coming to the island from Persia, Arabia, and India for hundreds of years. After Said's death in 1856, two of his sons,
3358:
3752:
3912:
4318:
3994:
3767:
3433:
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3675:
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4208:
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3787:
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247:
514:
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365:
295:
Over the next few years, European imperial powers took over most of the mainland possessions of the
Sultanate. With the signing of the
175:
3215:
4188:
3827:
4253:
3732:
3468:
2435:
3882:
3413:
195:
3942:
3887:
3872:
3762:
3747:
3623:
3513:
3443:
3065:
269:, helped abolish the slave trade in Zanzibar and is credited with developing the country's infrastructure. The third sultan,
4313:
3947:
3852:
3553:
3084:"Exploring the Articulation of Governmentality and Sovereignty: The Chwaka Road and the Bombardment of Zanzibar, 1895–1896"
1005:(b. 16 September 1929; r. 1 July 1963 – 17 January 1964; Head of the Zanzibari royal house: 17 January 1964 – present) 11
3797:
3777:
3508:
3385:
2423:
513:
by signing an agreement with
Britain in 1870, prohibiting slave trade in the sultanate, and closing the slave market in
3932:
3842:
2411:
17:
475:
3822:
3792:
3473:
3158:
3014:
2956:
3313:
4218:
4037:
4001:
3922:
3897:
3682:
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3538:
3428:
3291:
3286:
2331:
2139:
906:
865:
354:
346:
150:
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3957:
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3628:
3578:
3533:
3271:
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2518:
2401:
1708:
1676:
719:
673:
327:
316:
4228:
3548:
3458:
3438:
3307:
3261:
3095:
2982:
2547:
1731:
755:
632:
320:
3962:
3301:
3281:
3251:
3246:
3208:
1938:
1458:
1442:
819:
528:
463:
276:
Until 1886, the sultan of
Zanzibar also controlled a substantial portion of the east African coast, known as
270:
266:
65:
4308:
4111:
4099:
3857:
3588:
3503:
3478:
128:
2509:. Over the next few years, almost all of these mainland possessions were lost to European imperial powers.
3877:
3523:
292:. That year, the British and Germans secretly met and re-established the area under the sultan's rule.
4273:
3802:
3742:
3638:
3241:
2418:
1426:
614:
417:
361:
296:
243:
2485:
as a 10 nautical mile (19 km) wide strip along most of the coast of East Africa, stretching from
448:
Bargash bin Said attempted to usurp the throne from his brother in 1859, but failed. He was exiled to
4178:
4057:
3937:
3927:
3917:
3892:
3737:
3712:
3618:
3608:
3276:
1915:
769:
331:
around the city. Khalid retreated and later went into exile. The
British installed Hamoud as sultan.
877:
334:
Khalid bin Harub became Sultan of
Zanzibar in late 1911; he served until his death in October 1960.
4263:
4168:
4158:
4047:
4027:
3967:
3907:
3256:
3201:
2601:
1474:
850:
Brother-in-law of Ali bin Hamud. Oversaw the construction of harbor in Stone Town and tar roads in
574:
300:
262:
4198:
4146:
4131:
4121:
3812:
3807:
3782:
3493:
938:
342:
3137:
Turki, Benyan Saud (1997). "The Sultan of The Arab State of
Zanzibar and The Regent 1902–1905".
3558:
2932:
2461:
2440:
206:
187:
4238:
3977:
3952:
3727:
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3633:
3483:
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171:
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3643:
3613:
3598:
3583:
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3418:
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2928:
2481:
for their own empires. In
October 1886, a German-British border commission established the
2396:
510:
102:
41:
3336:
8:
4094:
3972:
3862:
3717:
3697:
3653:
3648:
3543:
3398:
2573:
751:
350:
251:
239:
216:
In 1832, or 1840 (the date varies among sources), Said bin Sultan moved his capital from
4283:
3837:
3817:
3722:
3518:
3498:
3488:
3463:
3403:
3115:
2909:
2892:
2530:
705:
308:
258:; Thuwaini became the sultan of Oman while Majid became the first sultan of Zanzibar.
2890:
Conley, Robert (13 January 1964), "African Revolt
Overturns Arab Regime in Zanzibar",
2477:
From 1886, the United
Kingdom and Germany had plotted to obtain parts of the Zanzibar
3170:
3119:
3107:
3071:
3061:
3045:
3020:
3010:
2986:
2962:
2952:
2937:
1497:
937:
On 10 December 1963, Zanzibar received its independence from the United Kingdom as a
3146:
3142:
3099:
918:
506:
312:
224:
on Zanzibar. He established a ruling Arab elite and encouraged the development of
4067:
3563:
3235:
3041:
3035:
1195:
851:
163:
3382:
3373:
3325:
801:
685:
606:
495:
338:
92:
831:
731:
57:
4302:
3075:
3024:
2944:
2577:
2534:
2506:
2464:
after his father's death on 19 October 1856. However, Majid's elder brother,
644:
610:
281:
3111:
2966:
2533:, was the shortest war in recorded history. Khalid later went into exile in
261:
During his 14-year reign as sultan, Majid consolidated his power around the
213:(west wind). Months later they could return east with a change in the wind.
3188:
3174:
3166:
3049:
2486:
618:
560:
304:
255:
232:
217:
191:
3103:
2990:
2948:
2939:
Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience
977:(26 August 1879 – 9 October 1960; r. 9 December 1911 – 9 October 1960) 9
540:
289:
238:
Zanzibar's commerce fell increasingly into the hands of traders from the
2975:
A History of Zanzibar: A Study in Constitutional Development, 1934–1964
2522:
2490:
1058:(7 June 1884 – 20 December 1918; r. 18 July 1902 – 9 December 1911) 8
503:
499:
228:
221:
132:
3193:
3150:
1134:(September 1854 – 5 March 1893; r. 13 February 1890 – 5 March 1893) 4
586:
4141:
3006:
2526:
2478:
991:(13 February 1911 – 1 July 1963; r. 9 October 1960 – 1 July 1963) 10
1127:
1113:
1097:
1083:
1069:
1051:
1037:
1018:
998:
984:
970:
2560:
2391:
429:
369:
273:, also furthered the country's progress toward abolishing slavery.
183:
781:
3157:
2978:
2736:
2502:
1120:(1852 – 13 February 1890; r. 26 March 1888 – 13 February 1890) 3
353:. Jamshid fled into exile, and the Sultanate was replaced by the
2460:
Majid bin Said, the youngest son of Said bin Sultan, became the
2494:
1076:(1834 – 7 October 1870; r. 19 October 1856 – 7 October 1870) 1
805:
449:
2572:
Jamshid bin Abdullah overthrown on 12 January 1964 during the
2498:
1025:(1857 – 25 August 1896; r. 5 March 1893 – 25 August 1896) 5
285:
225:
2550:, Ali decided to abdicate from the throne to live in Europe.
1090:(1837 – 26 March 1888; r. 7 October 1870 – 26 March 1888) 2
1044:(1853 – 18 July 1902; r. 27 August 1896 – 18 July 1902) 7
3366:
3139:
Journal of the Documentation and Humanities Research Center
2529:, where he was granted asylum. This conflict, known as the
2482:
1104:(15 December 1874 – 19 March 1927; r. 25–27 August 1896) 6
337:
In December 1963, Zanzibar was granted independence by the
277:
202:
179:
201:
In 1698, Zanzibar became part of the overseas holdings of
174:, which was created on 19 October 1856 after the death of
929:
924:
888:
883:
842:
837:
792:
787:
742:
737:
696:
691:
655:
650:
617:
in July 1890. This treaty turned Zanzibar into a British
597:
592:
551:
546:
486:
481:
440:
435:
903:
862:
716:
670:
629:
816:
460:
284:
that extended further into the continent, as far as
525:
254:. They divided Zanzibar and Oman into two separate
2936:
2771:
2769:
2732:
2730:
2633:
2631:
2559:Abdullah bin Khalifah died from complications of
414:
345:within the Commonwealth under the sultan. Sultan
4300:
955:Sayyid Said, Sultan of Muscat, Oman and Zanzibar
808:until Ali reached the age of 21 on 7 June 1905.
766:
307:. In August 1896, Britain and Zanzibar fought a
2766:
2727:
2628:
2600:. Henry Soszynski. 5 March 2012. Archived from
571:
3060:(2nd ed.), Cape Town: Struik Publishers,
2813:
2811:
2798:
2796:
754:on 6 April 1897. For this, he was knighted by
190:since 1804. The sultans of Zanzibar were of a
4319:Lists of political office-holders in Tanzania
3352:
3209:
2693:
2691:
2907:"London Cuts Support For Rent-Poor Sultan",
2678:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2670:
2537:until being captured by the British in 1916.
509:, buildings, roads, etc. Helped abolish the
360:In April 1964, the republic was united with
3088:Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History
2927:
2808:
2793:
2775:
2637:
3359:
3345:
3216:
3202:
2688:
961:Sayyid Thuwaini, Sultan of Muscat and Oman
498:in Zanzibar (especially Stone Town), like
366:United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar
2667:
914:Sayyid Sir Jamshid bin Abdullah Al Busaid
873:Sayyid Sir Abdullah bin Khalifa Al-Busaid
827:Sayyid Sir Khalifa II bin Harub Al-Busaid
3163:Countries of the World and Their Leaders
899:
858:
812:
762:
727:Sayyid Sir Hamoud bin Mohammed Al-Busaid
712:
708:, the shortest war in recorded history.
666:
625:
567:
521:
456:
410:
349:was overthrown a month later during the
3367:Heads of state and government of Africa
3223:
3055:
2996:
2865:
2841:
2823:
2817:
2802:
2787:
2760:
2721:
2709:
2697:
2682:
2661:
2649:
2622:
2436:List of heads of government of Zanzibar
941:within the Commonwealth under Jamshid.
640:Sayyid Sir Hamad bin Thuwaini Al-Busaid
536:Sayyid Sir Khalifa I bin Said Al-Busaid
494:Responsible for developing much of the
357:, a government dominated by Africans.
355:People's Republic of Zanzibar and Pemba
14:
4301:
3040:, vol. 1 (2nd ed.), London:
2889:
2737:United States Department of State 1975
471:Sayyid Sir Barghash bin Said Al-Busaid
375:
3340:
3197:
3136:
3081:
3030:
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2877:
2853:
2829:
2748:
2373:
2371:
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2361:
2359:
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2255:
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2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
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1982:
1972:
1970:
1968:
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1964:
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1960:
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1929:
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1911:
1909:
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1833:
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1234:
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1191:
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1179:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1157:
2999:Zanzibar: Its History and Its People
681:Sayyid Khalid bin Barghash Al-Busaid
303:'s reign, Zanzibar became a British
2566:
2553:
2540:
2512:
2471:
2454:
2424:List of prime ministers of Tanzania
750:Issued the final decree abolishing
205:, falling under the control of the
167:
24:
2546:After attending the coronation of
2412:List of heads of state of Tanzania
25:
4335:
3182:
3159:United States Department of State
582:Sayyid Sir Ali bin Said Al-Busaid
3995:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
3768:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3676:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
3449:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3312:
3306:
3300:
1126:
1112:
1096:
1082:
1068:
1050:
1036:
1017:
997:
983:
969:
917:
876:
830:
780:
730:
684:
643:
585:
539:
474:
428:
70:9 December 1911 – 9 October 1960
56:
40:
2900:
2883:
2871:
2859:
2847:
2835:
2781:
2754:
2742:
2567:
2554:
2541:
2513:
2472:
2455:
2402:List of governors of Tanganyika
425:Sayyid Majid bin Said Al-Busaid
3096:Johns Hopkins University Press
2983:East African Literature Bureau
2715:
2703:
2655:
2643:
2616:
2590:
2580:with his family and ministers.
947:
777:Sayyid Ali bin Hamud Al-Busaid
383:
13:
1:
3058:Zanzibar: The Insider's Guide
2584:
2576:. Jamshid managed to flee to
66:Khalifa bin Harub of Zanzibar
2997:Ingrams, William H. (1967),
2913:, p. 2, 26 January 1964
2448:
1033:Sayyid Muhammad (1826–1863)
847:48 years, 305 days
491:17 years, 148 days
445:13 years, 347 days
381:
7:
4314:Lists of monarchs in Africa
3189:Omani Arab Rule In Zanzibar
3082:Owens, Geoffrey R. (2007),
2385:
893:2 years, 265 days
797:9 years, 144 days
747:5 years, 325 days
660:3 years, 173 days
10:
4340:
2419:Prime Minister of Tanzania
804:, Mr A. Rogers, served as
615:Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty
602:3 years, 20 days
556:1 year, 352 days
319:had taken power following
297:Heligoland-Zanzibar Treaty
4015:
3986:
3705:
3696:
3667:
3381:
3372:
3321:
3298:
3231:
3165:(2nd ed.), Detroit:
2973:Ayany, Samuel G. (1970),
2239:
2237:
2135:
2080:
2078:
2042:
2040:
2032:
2028:
1934:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1827:
1825:
1817:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1614:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1602:
1594:
1592:
1568:
1566:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1322:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1280:
966:Sayyid Harub (1849–1907)
704:Was a belligerent in the
405:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
387:
170:) were the rulers of the
146:
138:
124:
116:
108:
98:
88:
83:
79:
75:
55:
51:
39:
31:
3753:Central African Republic
3434:Central African Republic
563:, like his predecessor.
263:East African slave trade
4205:South African Republic
4054:Central African Empire
2776:Appiah & Gates 1999
2638:Appiah & Gates 1999
939:constitutional monarchy
343:constitutional monarchy
326:The British had wanted
233:enslaved Black Africans
4324:Zanzibar-related lists
2933:Gates, Henry Louis Jr.
2598:"Zanzibar (Sultinate)"
2441:List of rulers of Oman
368:. This was renamed as
62:Longest serving ruler:
3913:São Tomé and Príncipe
3773:Republic of the Congo
3594:São Tomé and Príncipe
3454:Republic of the Congo
3167:Gale Research Company
3104:10.1353/cch.2007.0036
3056:Michler, Ian (2007),
2929:Appiah, Kwame Anthony
2431:President of Zanzibar
2407:President of Tanzania
1118:III. Sayyid Khalifa I
975:IX. Sayyid Khalifa II
250:, struggled over the
231:, using the island's
172:Sultanate of Zanzibar
4078:Muhammad Ali dynasty
2397:Politics of Tanzania
907:Jamshid bin Abdullah
866:Abdullah bin Khalifa
511:Zanzibar slave trade
347:Jamshid bin Abdullah
151:Jamshid bin Abdullah
103:Jamshid bin Abdullah
4309:Sultans of Zanzibar
3698:Heads of government
3225:Sultans of Zanzibar
2574:Zanzibar Revolution
2519:Hamoud bin Mohammed
1088:II. Sayyid Barghash
1056:VIII. Sayyid Ali II
752:slavery in Zanzibar
720:Hamoud bin Mohammed
674:Khalid bin Barghash
376:Sultans of Zanzibar
351:Zanzibar Revolution
328:Hamoud bin Mohammed
317:Khalid bin Barghash
240:Indian subcontinent
160:sultans of Zanzibar
4185:Orange Free State
3032:Keane, Augustus H.
2910:The New York Times
2893:The New York Times
2868:, pp. 174–175
2763:, pp. 162–163
2712:, pp. 172–173
2664:, pp. 163–164
2531:Anglo-Zanzibar War
1003:XI. Sayyid Jamshid
989:X. Sayyid Abdullah
706:Anglo-Zanzibar War
633:Hamid bin Thuwayni
372:six months later.
321:Hamid bin Thuwaini
311:, the shortest in
89:First monarch
18:Sultan of Zanzibar
4294:
4293:
4138:Kingdom of Kongo
4011:
4010:
3788:Equatorial Guinea
3692:
3691:
3469:Equatorial Guinea
3334:
3333:
3067:978-1-77007-014-1
2466:Thuwaini bin Said
2383:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2341:
2149:
1948:
1925:
1741:
1718:
1686:
1510:
1484:
1468:
1452:
1436:
1208:
1102:VI. Sayyid Khalid
1042:VII. Sayyid Hamud
945:
944:
820:Khalifa bin Harub
464:Barghash bin Said
267:Barghash bin Said
265:. His successor,
248:Thuwaini bin Said
156:
155:
99:Last monarch
16:(Redirected from
4331:
4219:Governor-General
3706:UN member states
3703:
3702:
3379:
3378:
3361:
3354:
3347:
3338:
3337:
3316:
3310:
3304:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3195:
3194:
3177:
3154:
3143:Qatar University
3133:
3132:
3131:
3122:, archived from
3078:
3052:
3027:
2993:
2969:
2942:
2915:
2914:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2887:
2881:
2875:
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2863:
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2845:
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2827:
2821:
2815:
2806:
2800:
2791:
2785:
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2773:
2764:
2758:
2752:
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2719:
2713:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2686:
2680:
2665:
2659:
2653:
2647:
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2613:
2611:
2609:
2594:
2571:
2558:
2545:
2517:
2476:
2459:
2339:
2147:
1946:
1923:
1739:
1716:
1684:
1508:
1482:
1466:
1450:
1434:
1206:
1155:
1154:
1149:House of Busaid
1146:
1145:
1132:IV. Sayyid Ali I
1130:
1116:
1100:
1086:
1072:
1054:
1040:
1021:
1001:
987:
973:
931:
926:
921:
911:
910:
909:
890:
885:
880:
870:
869:
868:
844:
839:
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794:
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784:
774:
773:
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744:
739:
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722:
698:
693:
688:
678:
677:
676:
657:
652:
647:
637:
636:
635:
599:
594:
593:13 February 1890
589:
579:
578:
577:
553:
552:13 February 1890
548:
543:
533:
532:
531:
529:Khalifa bin Said
488:
483:
478:
468:
467:
466:
442:
437:
432:
422:
421:
420:
385:
380:
379:
313:recorded history
271:Khalifa bin Said
169:
60:
44:
35:
29:
28:
21:
4339:
4338:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4329:
4328:
4299:
4298:
4295:
4290:
4224:State President
4209:State President
4189:State President
4165:Merina Kingdom
4024:Ashanti Empire
4018:and governments
4017:
4007:
3982:
3688:
3663:
3368:
3365:
3335:
3330:
3317:
3296:
3227:
3222:
3185:
3180:
3129:
3127:
3068:
3042:Edward Stanford
3017:
2959:
2935:, eds. (1999),
2918:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2896:, pp. 1, 8
2888:
2884:
2876:
2872:
2864:
2860:
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2836:
2828:
2824:
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2786:
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2755:
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2728:
2720:
2716:
2708:
2704:
2696:
2689:
2681:
2668:
2660:
2656:
2648:
2644:
2636:
2629:
2621:
2617:
2607:
2605:
2604:on 3 March 2016
2596:
2595:
2591:
2587:
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2388:
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2333:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2132:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1931:
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1921:
1917:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1724:
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1714:
1710:
1683:
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1678:
1507:
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1460:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1142:
1074:I. Sayyid Majid
1023:V. Sayyid Hamad
950:
930:12 January 1964
905:
904:
864:
863:
838:9 December 1911
818:
817:
793:9 December 1911
768:
767:
718:
717:
672:
671:
631:
630:
573:
572:
527:
526:
462:
461:
452:for two years.
436:19 October 1856
416:
415:
378:
299:in 1890 during
235:as labourers.
196:Al Said Dynasty
178:. He had ruled
176:Said bin Sultan
129:Sultan's Palace
71:
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63:
47:
33:
23:
22:
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12:
11:
5:
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4286:
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4276:
4274:Prime Minister
4268:
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4264:Prime Minister
4258:
4257:
4256:
4254:Prime Minister
4251:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4233:
4232:
4231:
4229:Prime Minister
4226:
4221:
4213:
4212:
4211:
4203:
4202:
4201:
4193:
4192:
4191:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4179:Prime Minister
4173:
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4159:Prime Minister
4153:
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4150:
4149:
4136:
4135:
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4132:Prime Minister
4126:
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4124:
4122:Prime Minister
4116:
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4112:Prime Minister
4106:
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4040:
4038:Prime Minister
4032:
4031:
4030:
4021:
4019:
4016:Defunct states
4013:
4012:
4009:
4008:
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4005:
3998:
3990:
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3374:Heads of state
3370:
3369:
3364:
3363:
3356:
3349:
3341:
3332:
3331:
3326:Sultan of Oman
3322:
3319:
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3274:
3269:
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3229:
3228:
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3220:
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3206:
3198:
3192:
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3184:
3183:External links
3181:
3179:
3178:
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3015:
2994:
2970:
2957:
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2899:
2882:
2880:, pp. 1–5
2870:
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2792:
2780:
2765:
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2741:
2726:
2714:
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2687:
2666:
2654:
2642:
2640:, p. 2045
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2462:Sultan of Oman
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840:
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802:First Minister
798:
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756:Queen Victoria
748:
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738:27 August 1896
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496:infrastructure
492:
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482:7 October 1870
479:
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441:7 October 1870
438:
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418:Majid bin Said
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339:United Kingdom
282:trading routes
256:principalities
244:Majid bin Said
207:sultan of Oman
188:sultan of Oman
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46:Sultanate flag
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4304:
4297:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4280:Zulu Kingdom
4279:
4275:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4246:
4244:
4240:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4215:South Africa
4214:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4190:
4187:
4186:
4184:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4170:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4148:
4145:
4144:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4109:
4107:
4101:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4084:
4081:
4080:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4069:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4059:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4020:
4014:
4004:
4003:
3999:
3997:
3996:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3985:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3828:Guinea-Bissau
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3695:
3685:
3684:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3672:
3670:
3666:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3509:Guinea-Bissau
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3386:member states
3384:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3371:
3362:
3357:
3355:
3350:
3348:
3343:
3342:
3339:
3329:
3327:
3320:
3315:
3311:
3309:
3303:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3230:
3226:
3219:
3214:
3212:
3207:
3205:
3200:
3199:
3196:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3135:
3126:on 2016-03-03
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3063:
3059:
3054:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3038:
3033:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3016:0-7146-1102-6
3012:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2995:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2971:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2958:0-465-00071-1
2954:
2950:
2946:
2941:
2940:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2919:
2912:
2911:
2903:
2895:
2894:
2886:
2879:
2874:
2867:
2862:
2856:, p. 483
2855:
2850:
2844:, p. 178
2843:
2838:
2832:, p. 20.
2831:
2826:
2820:, p. 176
2819:
2814:
2812:
2805:, p. 175
2804:
2799:
2797:
2790:, p. 173
2789:
2784:
2778:, p. 188
2777:
2772:
2770:
2762:
2757:
2751:, p. 122
2750:
2745:
2739:, p. 986
2738:
2733:
2731:
2723:
2718:
2711:
2706:
2700:, p. 172
2699:
2694:
2692:
2684:
2679:
2677:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2663:
2658:
2652:, p. 163
2651:
2646:
2639:
2634:
2632:
2625:, p. 162
2624:
2619:
2603:
2599:
2593:
2589:
2579:
2578:Great Britain
2575:
2570:
2569:
2565:
2562:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2549:
2548:King George V
2544:
2543:
2539:
2536:
2535:Dar es Salaam
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2508:
2507:Dar es Salaam
2504:
2501:), including
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2452:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2376:
2336:
2335:
2280:
2278:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2144:
2143:
2085:
2082:
2077:
2030:
2026:
2024:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1943:
1942:
1920:
1919:
1872:
1869:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1815:
1807:
1805:
1762:
1760:
1736:
1735:
1713:
1712:
1681:
1680:
1649:
1646:
1638:
1637:
1612:
1604:
1539:
1537:
1506:
1502:
1501:
1479:
1478:
1463:
1462:
1447:
1446:
1431:
1430:
1407:
1404:
1396:
1394:
1386:
1384:
1376:
1374:
1366:
1364:
1356:
1354:
1353:
1320:
1300:
1298:
1278:
1276:
1257:
1255:
1204:
1200:
1199:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
995:
994:
990:
986:
982:
981:
980:
976:
972:
968:
967:
965:
964:
962:
959:
958:
956:
953:
952:
940:
936:
934:195 days
933:
928:
923:
920:
916:
913:
908:
902:
898:
895:
892:
887:
882:
879:
875:
872:
867:
861:
857:
853:
849:
846:
841:
836:
833:
829:
826:
821:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
796:
791:
786:
783:
779:
776:
771:
770:Ali bin Hamud
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
746:
741:
736:
733:
729:
726:
721:
715:
711:
707:
703:
700:
695:
690:
687:
683:
680:
675:
669:
665:
662:
659:
654:
649:
646:
642:
639:
634:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
601:
596:
591:
588:
584:
581:
576:
570:
566:
562:
558:
555:
550:
547:26 March 1888
545:
542:
538:
535:
530:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
505:
501:
497:
493:
490:
487:26 March 1888
485:
480:
477:
473:
470:
465:
459:
455:
451:
447:
444:
439:
434:
431:
427:
424:
419:
413:
409:
403:Rule duration
382:
373:
371:
367:
363:
358:
356:
352:
348:
344:
341:and became a
340:
335:
332:
329:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
309:38-minute war
306:
302:
298:
293:
291:
287:
283:
279:
274:
272:
268:
264:
259:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
236:
234:
230:
227:
223:
219:
214:
212:
208:
204:
199:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
168:سلاطين زنجبار
165:
161:
152:
149:
145:
141:
137:
134:
130:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
104:
101:
97:
94:
91:
87:
82:
78:
74:
68:
67:
59:
54:
50:
43:
38:
30:
27:
19:
4296:
4248:
4000:
3993:
3987:Other states
3938:South Africa
3928:Sierra Leone
3733:Burkina Faso
3681:
3674:
3668:Other states
3619:South Africa
3609:Sierra Leone
3414:Burkina Faso
3323:
3305:
3224:
3162:
3138:
3128:, retrieved
3124:the original
3091:
3087:
3057:
3036:
2998:
2974:
2938:
2921:Bibliography
2908:
2902:
2891:
2885:
2873:
2866:Ingrams 1967
2861:
2849:
2842:Ingrams 1967
2837:
2825:
2818:Ingrams 1967
2803:Ingrams 1967
2788:Ingrams 1967
2783:
2761:Ingrams 1967
2756:
2744:
2724:, p. 31
2722:Michler 2007
2717:
2710:Ingrams 1967
2705:
2698:Ingrams 1967
2685:, p. 37
2683:Michler 2007
2662:Ingrams 1967
2657:
2650:Ingrams 1967
2645:
2623:Ingrams 1967
2618:
2608:30 September
2606:. Retrieved
2602:the original
2592:
2568:
2555:
2542:
2514:
2487:Cape Delgado
2473:
2456:
2340:r. 1963–1964
2334:bin Abdullah
2330:
2148:r. 1960–1963
2138:
1947:r. 1911–1960
1937:
1924:r. 1902–1911
1914:
1740:r. 1893–1896
1734:bin Thuwaini
1730:
1725:bin Thuwaini
1717:r. 1896–1902
1711:bin Mohammed
1707:
1679:bin Barghash
1675:
1509:r. 1856–1866
1504:
1496:
1483:r. 1890–1893
1473:
1467:r. 1888–1890
1457:
1451:r. 1870–1888
1441:
1435:r. 1856–1870
1425:
1207:r. 1804–1856
1202:
1194:
1143:
1135:
1131:
1121:
1117:
1105:
1101:
1091:
1087:
1077:
1073:
1059:
1055:
1045:
1041:
1026:
1022:
1006:
1002:
992:
988:
978:
974:
963:(1821–1866)
960:
957:(1797–1856)
954:
800:The British
788:20 July 1902
743:18 July 1902
651:5 March 1893
619:protectorate
598:5 March 1893
575:Ali bin Said
561:abolitionism
364:to form the
359:
336:
333:
325:
305:protectorate
301:Ali bin Said
294:
275:
260:
237:
215:
210:
200:
192:cadet branch
159:
157:
147:Pretender(s)
64:
26:
4108:The Gambia
3943:South Sudan
3833:Ivory Coast
3624:South Sudan
3514:Ivory Coast
2949:Basic Books
2142:bin Khalifa
948:Family tree
925:1 July 1963
889:1 July 1963
701:2 days
613:signed the
500:piped water
323:'s death.
290:Congo River
229:plantations
220:in Oman to
4303:Categories
4002:Somaliland
3923:Seychelles
3888:Mozambique
3873:Mauritania
3858:Madagascar
3813:The Gambia
3748:Cape Verde
3683:Somaliland
3604:Seychelles
3569:Mozambique
3554:Mauritania
3539:Madagascar
3494:The Gambia
3429:Cape Verde
3282:Khalifa II
3151:10576/8375
3130:2008-06-16
2878:Owens 2007
2854:Keane 1907
2830:Turki 1997
2749:Ayany 1970
2585:References
2523:Royal Navy
2491:Mozambique
1932:bint Hamud
1198:bin Sultan
559:Supported
400:Ended rule
397:Began rule
362:Tanganyika
252:succession
222:Stone Town
142:Hereditary
133:Stone Town
32:Sultan of
4270:Zimbabwe
4245:Zanzibar
4091:Ethiopia
3878:Mauritius
3559:Mauritius
3252:Khalifa I
3120:162991362
3076:165410708
3025:186237036
3007:Routledge
2527:consulate
2479:Sultanate
2449:Footnotes
1941:bin Harub
1918:bin Hamud
1136:Al-Busaid
1122:Al-Busaid
1106:Al-Busaid
1092:Al-Busaid
1078:Al-Busaid
1060:Al-Busaid
1027:Al-Busaid
515:Mkunazini
504:telegraph
391:Full name
198:of Oman.
139:Appointer
125:Residence
117:Abolition
109:Formation
4235:Tunisia
4175:Nigeria
4064:Dahomey
4044:Burundi
3978:Zimbabwe
3953:Tanzania
3803:Ethiopia
3798:Eswatini
3778:Djibouti
3743:Cameroon
3728:Botswana
3659:Zimbabwe
3634:Tanzania
3484:Ethiopia
3479:Eswatini
3459:Djibouti
3424:Cameroon
3409:Botswana
3287:Abdullah
3247:Barghash
3161:(1975),
3112:45037899
3098:: 1–55,
3034:(1907),
3003:Abingdon
2967:41649745
2945:New York
2561:diabetes
2497:(now in
2489:(now in
2392:Tanzania
2386:See also
2140:Abdullah
2133:bint Ali
1500:bin Said
1498:Thuwaini
1491:bin Said
1489:Mohammed
1477:bin Said
1461:bin Said
1459:Khalifah
1445:bin Said
1443:Barghash
1429:bin Said
394:Portrait
370:Tanzania
315:, after
184:Zanzibar
34:Zanzibar
4260:Zambia
4195:Rwanda
4169:Monarch
4155:Malawi
4142:Monarch
4095:Emperor
4083:Monarch
4058:Emperor
4028:Monarch
3963:Tunisia
3933:Somalia
3918:Senegal
3903:Nigeria
3893:Namibia
3883:Morocco
3848:Liberia
3843:Lesotho
3793:Eritrea
3763:Comoros
3738:Burundi
3713:Algeria
3644:Tunisia
3614:Somalia
3599:Senegal
3584:Nigeria
3574:Namibia
3564:Morocco
3529:Liberia
3524:Lesotho
3474:Eritrea
3444:Comoros
3419:Burundi
3394:Algeria
3292:Jamshid
3175:1492755
3050:6646364
2979:Nairobi
2503:Mombasa
2332:Jamshid
1939:Khalifa
1685:r. 1896
1046:Al-Said
1007:Al-Said
993:Al-Said
979:Al-Said
607:British
288:on the
194:of the
186:as the
84:Details
4249:Sultan
4128:Kenya
4118:Ghana
4074:Egypt
4034:Benin
3973:Zambia
3968:Uganda
3908:Rwanda
3863:Malawi
3823:Guinea
3718:Angola
3654:Zambia
3649:Uganda
3589:Rwanda
3544:Malawi
3504:Guinea
3399:Angola
3277:Ali II
3272:Hamoud
3267:Khalid
3173:
3118:
3110:
3074:
3064:
3048:
3037:Africa
3023:
3013:
2991:201465
2989:
2965:
2955:
2495:Kipini
1930:Matuka
1677:Khalid
806:regent
507:cables
450:Bombay
406:Notes
388:Sultan
280:, and
218:Muscat
164:Arabic
3948:Sudan
3898:Niger
3853:Libya
3838:Kenya
3818:Ghana
3808:Gabon
3783:Egypt
3723:Benin
3629:Sudan
3579:Niger
3534:Libya
3519:Kenya
3499:Ghana
3489:Gabon
3464:Egypt
3404:Benin
3324:* As
3262:Hamad
3257:Ali I
3242:Majid
3141:(9).
3116:S2CID
3094:(2),
2499:Kenya
2493:) to
2131:Tohfa
1732:Hamad
1723:Harub
1709:Hamud
1427:Majid
852:Pemba
286:Kindu
226:clove
211:musim
4284:King
4199:King
4147:list
4100:list
4068:King
4048:King
3958:Togo
3868:Mali
3758:Chad
3639:Togo
3549:Mali
3439:Chad
3236:Said
3171:OCLC
3108:OCLC
3072:OCLC
3062:ISBN
3046:OCLC
3021:OCLC
3011:ISBN
2987:OCLC
2963:OCLC
2953:ISBN
2610:2012
2505:and
2483:Zanj
1505:Oman
1203:Oman
1196:Said
609:and
605:The
278:Zanj
246:and
203:Oman
182:and
180:Oman
158:The
120:1964
112:1856
4239:Bey
3147:hdl
3100:doi
1916:Ali
1475:Ali
384:No.
4305::
3383:UN
3169:,
3145:.
3114:,
3106:,
3090:,
3086:,
3070:,
3044:,
3019:,
3009:,
3005::
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