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197:. After Louis's death, cities in Swabia agreed that in future they would only decide jointly on the recognition of a newly elected king and that they would support one another if a new ruler tried to mortgage a city. With these agreements to jointly defend against royal attacks on the urban imperial freedom and to reach a consensual decision on the legitimacy of the monarchy.
192:
As early as the 13th century, cities in the empire had been forming alliances with one another, often involving princes, counts or knights. While these were initially temporary protection and assistance agreements to safeguard security and economic interests, these city alliances increasingly
310:, who was an enthusiastic backer of the emperor's confrontational approach to the Swabian League of Cities. The emperor now became more conciliatory. On 31 May 1377, he lifted the ban he had imposed on the League and set up an arbitration court, which was rapidly extended over the
338:), another alliance of cities in the area, came into being. Its member cities were located west of the core Swabian League members. They included some of the largest and most powerful independent cities on and near to the banks of the
193:
developed a decidedly autonomous stance vis-à-vis the imperial authorities. The
Esslingen League of Cities, founded by 22 southern German cities in 1331, was formed as a means of imperial peace policy with the express consent of
321:
The power and extent of the
Swabian League peaked during the first half of the 1380s, with the number of member cities reaching 32 by 1385. After a couple of decades when things had begun to stabilize a little after the
377:. The warlords reacted six days later with the creation of the Rhenish Alliance of Prince-Electors, and set about obtaining royal recognition of it. In 1381, the League of Cities conducted a war against the Löwenbund in
226:, in 1372, the murder of the captain of the league, and the breach of his obligations by Charles IV led to the formation of a new league of 14 Swabian cities on 4 July 1376. These were led by Ulm. The others were
150:
326:
that had devastated populations and abruptly distorted economic relationships through most of western Europe during the first half of the 1350s, old tensions were again becoming more apparent.
786:
957:
927:
306:" against the league. The renewed league triumphed at the Battle of Reutlingen on 14 May 1377 over an army led by Ulrich von Württemberg. Ulrich was the son of
917:
764:
942:
609:
180:
that lasted until 1389. Through alliances with the
Rhenish League of Cities and Swiss imperial cities and the admission of other Swabian and
806:
365:
On 17 June 1381, the
Rhenish league of cities and the Swabian League of Cities came together to create the South German league of cities (
825:
Kaiser Karl IV. und seine
Beziehungen zu den schwäbischen Reichsstädten vom Jahre 1370 bis zur Gründung des Städtebundes im Jahre 1376.
937:
922:
769:
Der schwäbische Städtebund – Ausdruck der
Kraftentfaltung des deutschen Bürgertums in der zweiten Hälfte des 14. Jahrhunderts.
666:
Moraw, Peter (1989). "Cities and
Citizenry as Factors of State Formation in the Roman-German Empire of the Late Middle Ages".
362:. This alliance came into being to counter the threat of the “Löwenbund”, an association of princes and lesser nobility.
714:
Der erste Annäherungsversuch König
Wenzels an den schwäbisch-rheinischen Städtebund 1384-1385. Eine historische Untersuchung.
210:
952:
307:
223:
184:
imperial cities, the league grew to 40 members. The purpose of the alliance was primarily to secure imperial city rights.
402:
369:), a military alliance bound by pledges of mutual assistance. The South German league had additional members such as
802:
751:
732:
706:
631:
602:
286:, to the north-east of the Swabian region. Dinkelsbühl was followed by cities from the Franconian heartland such as
932:
695:
Städtebünde im deutschen Spätmittelalter. Eine rechtshistorische
Untersuchung zu Begriff, Verfassung und Funktion
302:
The emperor refused to recognise the newly revitalised
Swabian League, seeing it as a rebellion. This led to an "
947:
410:
657:
Forsén, Björn (2002). "Was There a South-West German City-State Culture?". In Hansen, Mogens Herman (ed.).
194:
688:
Der Schwäbische Städtebund in den Jahren 1438-1445. Mit einem Überblick über seine Entwicklung seit 1389.
863:
398:
592:
552:
468:
278:. The alliance of the 14 held together for four years from 1376. In August 1377, they were joined by
177:
69:
538:
889:
817:
596:
588:
287:
406:
843:
780:
759:
Der schwäbisch-rheinische Städtebund im Jahre 1384 bis zum Abschluss der Heidelberger Stallung.
613:
558:
472:
428:
243:
508:
162:
136:
16:
This article is about the 14th-century military alliance. For the 15th-century alliance, see
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227:
438:
8:
562:
528:
275:
901:
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378:
173:
791:
Der Stadt Nutz oder Notdurft? Die Reichsstadt Nürnberg und der Städtekrieg von 1388/89
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108:
94:
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124:
442:
231:
154:
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351:
17:
279:
911:
877:
542:
271:
896:
458:
303:
548:
409:. On 5 May 1389, the league disbanded according to the resolutions of the
397:
Württemberg struck back and, uniting with the forces of Elector Palatine
339:
323:
679:
661:. Viborg: Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. pp. 91–106.
532:
512:
502:
359:
267:
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181:
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Stuttgart 1954 (Zugleich: Freiburg im Breisgau, Univ., Diss., 1953).
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452:
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263:
239:
389:
meanwhile undertook a military push into the nobles' territories.
482:
355:
247:
170:
44:
740:
Reichsstädte und Zentralgewalt unter König Wenzel. (1376–1400)
832:
Geschichte des Schwäbischen Städtebundes der Jahre 1376–1389.
370:
347:
414:
721:
Die schwäbischen Reichslandvogteien im späten Mittelalter
374:
709:(Zugleich: Frankfurt am Main, Univ., Diss., 2004/2005).
861:
405:, defeating the Swabian League of Cities in 1388 at
214:
Ulrich von Württemberg tried to crush the League at
958:Military alliances involving the Holy Roman Empire
928:1380s disestablishments in the Holy Roman Empire
909:
754:(Zugleich: Berlin, Akad. d. Wiss., Diss., 1987).
601:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
334:On 20 March 1381, the Rhenish league of cities (
701:Bd. 207). Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 2006,
659:A Comparative Study of Six City-State Cultures
918:1370s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
851:Zur Geschichte des Schwäbischen Städtebundes.
805:(Zugleich: Bamberg, Univ., Diss., 2001/2002,
744:Studien zu den Luxemburgern und ihrer Zeit.
699:Studien zur europäischen Rechtsgeschichte.
735:(Zugleich: Tübingen, Univ., Diss., 1980).
632:Learn how and when to remove this message
773:Jahrbuch für Geschichte des Feudalismus.
209:
297:
910:
656:
943:Defunct organizations based in Europe
855:Forschungen zur deutschen Geschichte.
836:Forschungen zur deutschen Geschichte.
727:Bd. 8). Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1980,
665:
573:
746:Bd. 4). Fahlbusch, Warendorf 1993,
13:
797:Bd. 476). Matthiesen, Husum 2003,
725:Spätmittelalter und frühe Neuzeit.
420:
282:, an imperial city on the edge of
14:
969:
224:Eberhard II, Count of Württemberg
222:The defeat of the city league by
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814:Artikel: Schwäbischer Städtebund
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169:formed in 1376, initially of 14
938:14th-century military alliances
392:
23:14th-century military alliance
1:
923:1376 establishments in Europe
569:
818:Historisches Lexikon Bayerns
644:
205:
7:
953:Medieval military alliances
403:Frederick V of Hohenzollern
401:and the Nuremberg Burgrave
367:der Süddeutscher Städtebund
10:
974:
807:Rezension bei H-Soz-u-Kult
649:
336:der Rheinischer Städtebund
308:Eberhard II of Württemberg
200:
187:
15:
827:Phil. Diss. Münster 1879.
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130:
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100:
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70:Free Imperial City of Ulm
65:
50:
40:
33:
587:This article includes a
288:Rothenburg ob der Tauber
176:under the leadership of
146:Swabian League of Cities
34:
616:more precise citations.
159:Schwäbischer Städtebund
35:Schwäbischer Städtebund
933:1389 disestablishments
219:
158:
54:July 4, 1376
857:Jg. 3, 1863, S. 1–39.
719:Hans-Georg Hofacker:
213:
79:May 5, 1389
948:Free imperial cities
812:Alexander Schubert:
795:Historische Studien.
765:Johannes Schildhauer
298:Battle of Reutlingen
30:
787:Alexander Schubert
712:Friedrich Ebrard:
693:Evamarie Distler:
680:10.1007/bf00149495
668:Theory and Society
589:list of references
324:outbreak of plague
220:
132:Official language
28:
890:Holy Roman Empire
849:Wilhelm Vischer:
830:Wilhelm Vischer:
686:Harro Blezinger:
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167:military alliance
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109:Holy Roman Empire
95:Military alliance
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902:Middle Ages
846:, S. 1–202.
622:August 2016
614:introducing
393:Dissolution
385:, Ulm, and
280:Dinkelsbühl
41:Named after
912:Categories
570:References
543:Überlingen
533:St. Gallen
513:Reutlingen
503:Ravensburg
360:Strasbourg
272:Überlingen
268:St. Gallen
260:Reutlingen
256:Ravensburg
216:Reutlingen
182:Franconian
83:1389-05-05
58:1376-07-04
844:0178-9368
781:0138-4856
645:Citations
493:Memmingen
473:Leutkirch
453:Constance
411:Reichstag
407:Döffingen
379:Franconia
344:Frankfurt
316:Franconia
312:Rhineland
292:Windsheim
284:Franconia
252:Memmingen
244:Leutkirch
240:Constance
206:Formation
163:political
151:‹See Tfd›
76:Dissolved
51:Formation
523:Rottweil
443:Buchhorn
433:Biberach
399:Rupert I
383:Augsburg
264:Rottweil
232:Buchhorn
228:Biberach
195:Louis IV
161:) was a
101:Location
864:Portals
650:Sources
610:improve
201:History
188:Origins
171:Swabian
81: (
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