764:
Traditional Sunni scholars rely on two verses of the Qur'an that order one to ask the people of knowledge or remembrance if they do not know and to obey Allah, the messenger and those in authority among them. They also rely on several
779:. They said no. So this injured companion washed his head with water and died. Muhammad admonished his companions by saying, "They killed him. May Allah kill them. If one does not know what to do, the only remedy is to inquire."
646:. Sunni Islamic usage designates the unjustified conformity of one person to the teaching of another, rather than the justified conformity of a layperson to the teaching of a
971:
919:
675:
is often portrayed in a negative light and translated as "blind imitation". This refers to the perceived stagnation of independent intellectual effort (
771:, including one where Muhammad tells his companions, "If one does not know what to do, the only remedy is to inquire." Muhammad did this after a
719:, which means to imitate. The term is believed to have originated from the idea of allowing oneself to be led "by the collar". One who performs
1239:
588:
652:(a person who is qualified for independent reasoning). Shia Islamic usage designates general conformity to the teaching of a
37:
1207:
1184:
1136:
1106:
1081:
638:. The definite meaning of the term varies depending on context and age. Classical usage of the term differs between
862:) "for advice and guidance and as a model to be imitated." Thus Shia who are not experts in Islamic jurisprudence (
964:
926:
1249:
681:) and uncritical imitation of traditional religious interpretation by the religious establishment in general.
581:
735:. Sheikh Shaamee Hanafi said it is "to take the statement of someone without knowing the evidence."
657:
857:
417:
1058:
1026:
1244:
616:
552:
1174:
1126:
656:, and there is no negative connotation. The discrepancy corresponds to differing views on the
574:
955:
Najm al-Din al-Tufi, Sharh
Mukhtasar al-Rawdah (Beirut: Muâassasah al-RisÃ¥lah, 1410H), 3:65.
211:
630:
denoting the conformity of one person to the teaching of another. The person who performs
8:
286:
1158:
1054:
307:
1180:
1132:
1102:
1077:
1046:
1042:
775:
who had fractured his skull asked other companions with him whether he could perform
754:
661:
627:
557:
1038:
975:
818:
782:
690:
607:
517:
362:
16:
Following the teaching of an
Islamic scholar rather than reasoning independently
25:
1233:
1050:
532:
397:
387:
377:
1176:
An
Introduction to Shiʻi Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shiʻism
1128:
An
Introduction to Shiʻi Islam: The History and Doctrines of Twelver Shiʻism
868:) are "legally required to follow the instructions of the expert, i.e., the
1170:
1122:
826:
492:
452:
432:
216:
196:
1027:"Rethinking the Taqlīd Hegemony: An Institutional, Longue-Durée Approach"
879:
639:
502:
357:
697:
643:
547:
512:
1007:
467:
382:
372:
347:
302:
236:
231:
181:
146:
833:
in their religious affairs by following the teachings of a thinker (
891:
835:
813:
776:
749:
668:
648:
562:
487:
472:
367:
86:
81:
76:
71:
897:
795:
786:
767:
677:
542:
447:
427:
342:
276:
266:
221:
186:
101:
96:
91:
66:
874:
772:
711:
522:
482:
462:
442:
422:
407:
337:
327:
322:
317:
312:
281:
271:
261:
256:
251:
206:
171:
161:
56:
1101:. Macmillan Reference USA. pp. 727â728, 608â609, 26â27.
847:
841:
715:
537:
527:
507:
497:
437:
412:
392:
352:
332:
241:
226:
201:
191:
176:
166:
156:
151:
131:
116:
106:
29:
864:
811:"denotes the following or "imitating" of the dictates of a
758:
707:
477:
457:
402:
246:
141:
61:
46:
942:
Weiss, Bernard G. (1995). "Taqlīd". In John L. Esposito.
121:
747:
is lawful and obligatory when one is not qualified as a
1076:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 10, 333.
878:, but are forbidden to do so in "matters of belief" (
1008:"IDJTIHAD AND TAQLID IN 18TH AND 19TH CENTURY ISLAM"
925:. The Jawziyyah Institute. p. 2. Archived from
667:
In contemporary usage, especially in the context of
621:
944:
1025:Ibrahim, Ahmed Fekry; University, McGill (2016).
1024:
1231:
1115:
1163:
582:
701:
1071:
1001:
999:
997:
995:
1099:Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World
589:
575:
1096:
851:taught believers to turn to "a source of
1031:Journal of the American Oriental Society
992:
1131:. Yale University Press. p. xxii.
1232:
1179:. Yale University Press. p. 143.
969:, the Jawziyyah Institute, 2007, p. 2
1169:
1121:
845:). As of the 19th century the Shia
702:
611:
13:
1240:Arabic words and phrases in Sharia
1200:
946:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
917:
14:
1261:
1005:
958:
936:
920:"The Truth About Taqlid (Part I)"
1059:10.7817/jameroriesoci.136.4.0801
1043:10.7817/jameroriesoci.136.4.0801
918:Sharif, Surkheel (Abu Aaliyah).
1159:al-islam.org 1. What is taqlid?
1152:
967:The Truth About Taqlid (Part I)
965:Surkheel (Abu Aaliyah) Sharif,
698:three-letter Arabic verbal root
1090:
1074:The Oxford Dictionary of Islam
1065:
1018:
980:
949:
911:
738:
1:
1208:"Taqlid: Meaning and Reality"
904:
802:
7:
1097:C. Martin, Richard (2004).
885:
684:
622:
10:
1266:
1072:L. Esposito, John (2003).
825:) in 941 CE (329 AH), the
727:, whereas one who rejects
295:Legal vocations and titles
829:are obliged to observe
793:and instead encourage
761:of all Sunni Muslims.
1250:Islamic jurisprudence
987:Aqood Rasm al-Muftee
823:al-ghaybatu 'l-kubra
696:is derived from the
1012:Die Welt des Islams
819:greater occultation
974:2009-03-06 at the
817:". Following the
1214:. 20 January 2013
757:, this is by the
620:
599:
598:
1257:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1167:
1161:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1006:Peter, Rudolph.
1003:
990:
984:
978:
962:
956:
953:
947:
940:
934:
933:
931:
924:
915:
872:" in matters of
777:dry purification
705:
704:
625:
615:
613:
591:
584:
577:
553:Tabi' al-Tabi'in
21:
20:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1217:
1215:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1191:
1189:
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1168:
1164:
1157:
1153:
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1141:
1139:
1120:
1116:
1109:
1095:
1091:
1084:
1070:
1066:
1023:
1019:
1004:
993:
985:
981:
976:Wayback Machine
963:
959:
954:
950:
941:
937:
929:
922:
916:
912:
907:
888:
807:In Shia Islam,
805:
753:. According to
743:Traditionally,
741:
687:
595:
363:Hujjat al-Islam
308:Shaykh al-IslÄm
17:
12:
11:
5:
1263:
1253:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1226:
1225:
1199:
1185:
1162:
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1107:
1089:
1082:
1064:
1037:(4): 801â816.
1017:
991:
979:
957:
948:
935:
932:on 2009-03-06.
909:
908:
906:
903:
902:
901:
894:
887:
884:
804:
801:
755:Rudolph Peters
740:
737:
733:ghair-muqallid
686:
683:
597:
596:
594:
593:
586:
579:
571:
568:
567:
566:
565:
560:
558:Da'i al-Mutlaq
555:
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535:
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510:
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1248:
1246:
1245:Shia theology
1243:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1213:
1209:
1203:
1188:
1186:0-300-03531-4
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1178:
1177:
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1171:Momen, Moojan
1166:
1160:
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1138:0-300-03531-4
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1123:Momen, Moojan
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1100:
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1083:0-19-512558-4
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890:
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883:
881:
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876:
871:
867:
866:
861:
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854:
850:
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844:
843:
839:) or jurist (
838:
837:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
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810:
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378:Seghatoleslam
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35:
34:
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23:
22:
19:
1218:29 September
1216:. Retrieved
1212:al-Islam.org
1211:
1202:
1192:29 September
1190:. Retrieved
1175:
1165:
1154:
1144:29 September
1142:. Retrieved
1127:
1117:
1098:
1092:
1073:
1067:
1034:
1030:
1020:
1011:
986:
982:
966:
960:
951:
943:
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927:the original
913:
896:
873:
869:
863:
856:
852:
846:
840:
834:
830:
827:Twelver Shia
822:
812:
808:
806:
794:
790:
781:
766:
763:
748:
744:
742:
732:
731:is called a
728:
724:
723:is called a
720:
706:
693:
688:
676:
672:
666:
658:Shia Imamate
653:
647:
635:
631:
628:Islamic term
602:
601:
600:
130:
111:
45:
38:Usul al-Fiqh
36:
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880:usul al-din
739:Sunni Islam
691:Arabic word
662:Sunni imams
640:Sunni Islam
358:Grand Mufti
1234:Categories
905:References
803:Shia Islam
644:Shia Islam
634:is termed
513:Mujahideen
1051:0003-0279
860:at-taqlid
773:companion
759:consensus
617:romanized
493:Ulu'l-amr
468:Muhaddith
373:Ayatollah
348:Mohyeddin
237:Istishhad
232:Istighfar
147:Mustahabb
1173:(1985).
1125:(1985).
972:Archived
892:Case law
886:See also
870:mujtahid
836:mujtahid
814:mujtahid
787:Wahhabis
750:mujtahid
725:muqallid
685:Overview
669:Salafism
654:mujtahid
649:mujtahid
636:muqallid
626:) is an
563:al-Dawla
503:Mu'azzin
488:Marabout
473:Mujaddid
443:Mufassir
368:Mujtahid
97:Madrasah
87:Istishab
82:Istihsan
77:Istihlal
72:Ikhtilaf
26:a series
24:Part of
989:, p. 23
898:Madhhab
796:ijtihad
789:reject
768:hadiths
678:ijtihad
619::
612:تÙÙÙÙÙد
548:Tabi'un
543:Sahabah
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433:MawlÄnÄ
428:Khawaja
418:Mawlawi
343:Allamah
277:Tazkiah
267:Taqiyya
222:Hirabah
187:Fahisha
102:Maslaha
92:Madhhab
67:Ijtihad
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1135:
1105:
1080:
1057:
1049:
1014:: 139.
875:sharia
858:marja'
853:taqlid
831:taqlid
809:taqlid
791:taqlid
783:Salafi
745:taqlid
729:taqlid
721:taqlid
694:taqlīd
673:taqlid
632:taqlid
623:taqlīd
608:Arabic
603:Taqlid
523:Shahid
483:Sheikh
463:Akhund
423:Khatib
408:Mullah
383:Marja'
338:Faqeeh
328:Hadrat
323:Ashraf
318:Sharif
313:Sayyid
303:Caliph
282:Thawab
272:Tawbah
262:Taghut
257:Tafsir
252:Sunnah
207:Ghibah
182:Bid'ah
172:Baligh
162:Makruh
112:Taqlid
57:Ijazah
1055:JSTOR
930:(PDF)
923:(PDF)
848:ulama
842:faqih
703:Ù-Ù-د
538:Salaf
533:Ansar
528:Hajji
518:Ghazi
508:Murid
498:Ustad
438:Mawla
413:Mahdi
398:Hakim
393:Hujja
388:Hafiz
353:Mufti
333:Ulama
287:Wasat
242:Jihad
227:Islah
212:Gunah
202:Fasad
197:Fitna
192:Fasiq
177:Batil
167:Haram
157:Mubah
152:Halal
132:Ahkam
117:Taqwa
107:Qiyas
30:Islam
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