629:
architectural projects. Unlike the more commercial CSI/CSC (50+ division commercial specifications), ArCHspec utilizes the more concise 16 traditional
Divisions, plus a Division 0 (Scope & Bid Forms) and Division 17 (low voltage). Many architects, up to this point, did not provide specifications for residential designs, which is one of the reasons ArCHspec was created: to fill a void in the industry with more compact specifications for residential projects. Shorter form specifications documents suitable for residential use are also available through Arcom, and follow the 50 division format, which was adopted in both the United States and Canada starting in 2004. The 16 division format is no longer considered standard, and is not supported by either CSI or CSC, or any of the subscription master specification services, data repositories, product lead systems, and the bulk of governmental agencies.
570:, or broad categories of work types and work results involved in construction. The divisions are subdivided into sections, each one addressing a specific material type (concrete) or a work product (steel door) of the construction work. A specific material may be covered in several locations, depending on the work result: stainless steel (for example) can be covered as a sheet material used in flashing and sheet Metal in division 07; it can be part of a finished product, such as a handrail, covered in division 05; or it can be a component of building hardware, covered in division 08. The original listing of specification divisions was based on the time sequence of construction, working from exterior to interior, and this logic is still somewhat followed as new materials and systems make their way into the construction process.
578:
whereby the specifier indicates specific products, vendors and even contractors that are acceptable for each workscope. In addition, specifications can be "closed" with a specific list of products, or "open" allowing for substitutions made by the constructor. Most construction specifications are a combination of performance-based and proprietary types, naming acceptable manufacturers and products while also specifying certain standards and design criteria that must be met.
327:
European
Communities' Directive 77/62/EEC coordinating procedures for the award of public supply contracts, adopted in 1976. Some organisations provide guidance on specification-writing for their staff and partners. In addition to identifying the specific attributes required of the goods or services being purchased, specifications in the public sector may also make reference to the organisation's current corporate objectives or priorities.
788:
658:
601:. This approach is unusual in North America, where each bidder performs a quantity survey on the basis of both drawings and specifications. In many countries on the European continent, content that might be described as "specifications" in the United States are covered under the building code or municipal code. Civil and infrastructure work in the United States often includes a quantity breakdown of the work to be performed as well.
563:
EJCDC (Engineering Joint
Contract Documents Committee) states that the drawings and specifications are complementary, together providing the information required for a complete facility. Many public agencies, such as the Naval Facilities Command (NAVFAC) state that the specifications overrule the drawings. This is based on the idea that words are easier for a jury (or mediator) to interpret than drawings in case of a dispute.
574:
specifications too lengthy for most residential projects and therefore either produce more abbreviated specifications of their own or use ArCHspec (which was specifically created for residential projects). Master specification systems are available from multiple vendors such as Arcom, Visispec, BSD, and
Spectext. These systems were created to standardize language across the United States and are usually subscription based.
1152:
techniques to demonstrate that a candidate system design is correct with respect to that specification. This has the advantage that incorrect candidate system designs can be revised before a major investment has been made in actually implementing the design. An alternative approach is to use provably
923:
UK project specification types fall into two main categories prescriptive and performance. Prescriptive specifications define the requirements using generic or proprietary descriptions of what is required, whereas performance specifications focus on the outcomes rather than the characteristics of the
1091:
For instance, when two applications share
Unicode data, but use different normal forms or use them incorrectly, in an incompatible way or without sharing a minimum set of interoperability specification, errors and data loss can result. For example, Mac OS X has many components that prefer or require
628:
In
February 2015, ArCHspec went live, from ArCH (Architects Creating Homes), a nationwide American professional society of architects whose purpose is to improve residential architecture. ArCHspec was created specifically for use by licensed architects while designing SFR (Single Family Residential)
562:
While there is a tendency to believe that "specifications overrule drawings" in the event of discrepancies between the text document and the drawings, the actual intent must be made explicit in the contract between the Owner and the
Contractor. The standard AIA (American Institute of Architects) and
573:
Each section is subdivided into three distinct parts: "general", "products" and "execution". The MasterFormat and
SectionFormat systems can be successfully applied to residential, commercial, civil, and industrial construction. Although many architects find the rather voluminous commercial style of
577:
Specifications can be either "performance-based", whereby the specifier restricts the text to stating the performance that must be achieved by the completed work, "prescriptive" where the specifier states the specific criteria such as fabrication standards applicable to the item, or "proprietary",
612:
or by specialist specification writers. Specification writing is often a distinct professional trade, with professional certifications such as "Certified
Construction Specifier" (CCS) available through the Construction Specifications Institute and the Registered Specification Writer (RSW) through
542:
Specifications in North
America form part of the contract documents that accompany and govern the drawings for construction of building and infrastructure projects. Specifications describe the quality and performance of building materials, using code citations and published standards, whereas the
1302:
These types of documents define how a specific document should be written, which may include, but is not limited to, the systems of a document naming, version, layout, referencing, structuring, appearance, language, copyright, hierarchy or format, etc. Very often, this kind of specifications is
326:
technical specifications to be used to identify the purchasing organisation's requirements. The rules relating to public works contracts initially prohibited "technical specifications having a discriminatory effect" from 1971; this principle was extended to public supply contracts by the then
1105:
However errors due to file name encoding incompatibilities have always existed, due to a lack of minimum set of common specification between software hoped to be inter-operable between various file system drivers, operating systems, network protocols, and thousands of software packages.
920:(RIBA) through their commercial group RIBA Enterprises (RIBAe). NBS master specifications provide content that is broad and comprehensive, and delivered using software functionality that enables specifiers to customize the content to suit the needs of the project and to keep up to date.
2196:
106:), which may be confusing. A data sheet describes the technical characteristics of an item or product, often published by a manufacturer to help people choose or use the products. A data sheet is not a technical specification in the sense of informing how to produce.
1065:
Development of formal specifications for food and drug data with the necessary and sufficient clarity and precision for use specifically by digital computing systems have begun to emerge from some government agencies and standards organizations: the
270:, on 29 June 1994 announced that a move to "greater use of performance and commercial specifications and standards" was to be introduced, which Perry saw as "one of the most important actions that should take" at that time. The following
48:
There are different types of technical or engineering specifications (specs), and the term is used differently in different technical contexts. They often refer to particular documents, and/or particular information within them. The word
1070:
has published specifications for a "Structured Product Label" which drug manufacturers must by mandate use to submit electronically the information on a drug label. Recently, the ISO has made some progress in the area of food and drug
1057:
At the present time, much of the information and regulations concerning food and food products remain in a form which makes it difficult to apply automated information processing, storage and transmission methods and techniques.
1061:
Data systems that can process, store and transfer information about food and food products need formal specifications for the representations of data about food and food products in order to operate effectively and efficiently.
483:
Person, office, or agency responsible for enforcement of the specification (which could include the arrangement and execution of audits for verifying compliance with the requirements set forth in the specification).
1092:
only decomposed characters (thus decomposed-only Unicode encoded with UTF-8 is also known as "UTF8-MAC"). In one specific instance, the combination of OS X errors handling composed characters, and the
215:
or procurement document, or an otherwise agreed upon set of requirements (though still often used in the singular). In any case, it provides the necessary details about the specific requirements.
2097:"ISO/DIS 11238 – Health Informatics – Identification of medicinal products – Data elements and structures for the unique identification and exchange of regulated information on substances"
552:
296:
to comply with a specification or stamped with a specification number: this does not, by itself, indicate that the item is fit for other, non-validated uses. The people who use the item (
1096:
file- and printer-sharing software (which replaces decomposed letters with composed ones when copying file names), has led to confusing and data-destroying interoperability problems.
2372:
2139:
Stefanovic, Miladin; Matijević, Milan; Erić, Milan; Simic, Visnja; et al. (2009). "Method of design and specification of web services based on quality system documentation".
308:, government, industry, etc.) have the responsibility to consider the choice of available specifications, specify the correct one, enforce compliance, and use the item correctly.
892:
Specifications in the UK are part of the contract documents that accompany and govern the construction of a building. They are prepared by construction professionals such as
1019:
Specifications and other standards can be externally imposed as discussed above, but also internal manufacturing and quality specifications. These exist not only for the
460:
considerations and requirements (where appropriate: e.g. for products and services to be provided to government or military agencies, information technology firms, etc.)
625:
who seek to have their products specified on upcoming construction projects so that contractors can include their products in the estimates leading to their proposals.
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or programmatic terms. In practice, many successful specifications are written to understand and fine-tune applications that were already well-developed, although
1614:
247:
1855:
2265:
1816:
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Applications may avoid such errors by preserving input code points, and normalizing them to only the application's preferred normal form for internal use.
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In many contexts, particularly software, specifications are needed to avoid errors due to lack of compatibility, for instance, in interoperability issues.
809:
679:
1752:
770:) is responsible for developing construction specifications and codes. The HBRC has published more than 15 books which cover building activities like
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are often carefully specified prior to application development. Specifications are most important for external interfaces that must remain stable.
121:, specifies the conditions of a system or object after years of operation, including the effects of wear and maintenance (configuration changes).
2195:
480:
requirements set forth to regulate business processes involved in the delivery of the product/service which is in the scope of the specification.
41:
often refers to a set of documented requirements to be satisfied by a material, design, product, or service. A specification is often a type of
2092:
2002:
1977:
1812:
1776:
1748:
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977:, it can be evaluated by the additional source of pharmacopoeias from other nations, from industrial specifications, or from a standardized
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2061:
2040:
1929:
1781:"ISO 832:1994 Information and documentation – Bibliographic description and references – Rules for the abbreviation of bibliographic terms"
1727:
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is currently less fruitful and not yet put forward as an urgent agenda due to the tight restrictions of regional or national constitution.
315:
2200:
1965:
637:
839:
709:
64:, or set of documented requirements, to be satisfied by a given material, design, product, service, etc. It is a common early part of
281:
BS 7373-2:2001 Product specifications. Guide to identifying criteria for a product specification and to declaring product conformity
239:
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1050:
The converse of explicit statement of specifications is a process for dealing with observations that are out-of-specification. The
846:
716:
2027:
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steps to transform a specification into a design, and ultimately into an actual implementation, that is correct by construction.
985:
17:
2116:
2007:"ISO 15609:2004 Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials -- Welding procedure specification"
547:(BIM) illustrates quantity and location of materials. The guiding master document of names and numbers is the latest edition of
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1413:
243:
1627:
917:
828:
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of architects, engineers, or construction management companies. Specification writers frequently meet with manufacturers of
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Specifications are a type of technical standard that may be developed by any of various kinds of organizations, in both the
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and its agencies stipulates that a copy of the drawings and specifications must be kept available on a construction site.
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2006:
1981:
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176:) the standards of another. Voluntary standards may become mandatory if adopted by a government or business contract.
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International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use
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to summarize the chronological development, revision and completion if the document is to be circulated internally
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913:
912:. They are created from previous project specifications, in-house documents or master specifications such as the
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251:
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E29-06b Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
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Council Directive 77/62/EEC of 21 December 1976 coordinating procedures for the award of public supply contracts
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1536:
813:
683:
633:
31:
853:
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1383:
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419:
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144:(an industry-wide group of corporations), a national government (including its different public entities,
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Guidance for Industry:Investigating Out-of-Specification (OOS) Test Results for Pharmaceutical Production
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897:
309:
293:
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BS 7373-3:2005, Product specifications. Guide to identifying criteria for specifying a service offering
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Such errors may also be avoided with algorithms normalizing both strings before any binary comparison.
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and formal specifications for data about regulated substances through the publication of ISO 11238.
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Person, office, or agency responsible for questions on the specification, updates, and deviations.
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Explicit implementation of requirements to be satisfied by a material, design, product, or service
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204:, and users of materials, products, or services to understand and agree upon all requirements.
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1549:
Specifications & Standards - A New Way of Doing Business: A memorandum by William J. Perry
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While North American specifications are usually restricted to broad descriptions of the work,
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Standards for specifications may be provided by government agencies, standards organizations (
94:
final produced solution. It is often used to guide fabrication/production. Sometimes the term
1403:
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1368:
947:
1982:"ISO 14134:2006 Optics and optical instruments – Specifications for astronomical telescopes"
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597:. This type of specification is a collaborative effort between a specification writer and a
551:. This is a consensus document that is jointly sponsored by two professional organizations:
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of approval, if necessary; sometimes specific procedures apply to sign-off / buy-off events.
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is available to help write and format a good specification. A specification might include:
1836:
1353:
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1241:
1211:
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978:
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Construction Specifications Canada. Specification writers may be separate entities such as
8:
1648:
1433:
1209:, in which case it can be considered as a user manual from a developer point of view, or
1149:
905:
901:
473:
463:
160:, or vendor-neutral developed generic requirements. It is common for one organization to
69:
476:, inspections, acceptance criteria; or, where a quality management system is operating,
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1448:
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608:'s office, specification writing itself is undertaken by the architect and the various
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351:
323:
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208:
65:
42:
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2349:
2339:
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1817:"ISO 12615:2004 Bibliographic references and source identifiers for terminology work"
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1532:
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477:
376:
271:
255:
219:
145:
141:
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form part of contract documents. The Housing and Building National Research Center (
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Material requirements: physical, mechanical, electrical, chemical, etc. Targets and
2410:
2348:"Specifications for the Chemical And Process Industries", 1996, ASQ Quality Press,
2160:
2148:
1398:
1328:
1268:. The documentation typically describes various inputs that can be provided to the
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1202:
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263:
1423:
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ones and Civil work can include actual work quantities, including such things as
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The significance, scope or importance of the specification and its intended use.
79:
is a kind of requirement specification, and may show functional block diagrams.
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1024:
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319:
129:
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53:
is broadly defined as "to state explicitly or in detail" or "to be specific".
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the system should do it. Given such a specification, it is possible to use
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has published a non-binding recommendation that addresses just this point.
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for the Requirement Specification, referring to either a designed solution
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2001:
1976:
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ranks the highest standards, followed by regional and national standards.
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for which any instructions in the content maybe required to fulfill the
2302:"Sample Standard Operating Procedure Requirements for BSL2 Containment"
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Pharmaceutical products can usually be tested and qualified by various
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Completion and delivery conditions (often referring to standardized
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A similar approach is adopted by the food manufacturing, of which
2234:"Document Templates for Student Projects in Software Engineering"
2201:"ICH M2 EWG - Electronic Common Technical Document Specification"
1800:
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1924:
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In (hardware, software, or enterprise) systems development, an
582:
566:
The standard listing of construction specifications falls into
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2173:
1699:"Defense and Program-Unique Specifications Format and Content"
1290:
Web services specifications are often under the umbrella of a
763:
2138:
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that describes the behavior of a computer program or larger
528:
that expand on details, add clarification, or offer options.
288:
A design/product specification does not necessarily prove a
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1851:
1020:
916:(NBS). The National Building Specification is owned by the
586:
358:
292:
to be correct or useful in every context. An item might be
231:
227:
973:
If any pharmaceutical product is not covered by the above
278:
BS 7373-1:2001 Guide to the preparation of specifications
1630:, published 16 November 2021, accessed 26 September 2022
1047:), etc. and are exemplified by ISO 14134 and ISO 15609.
559:
based in the United States and updated every two years.
1913:
52.236-21 Specifications and Drawings for Construction
1628:
How to write a specification – Procurement Essentials
1215:, in which case it has a definite meaning defined in
943:. Current existing pharmaceutical standards include:
2296:
1617:, Version 4, September 2017, accessed September 2022
30:"Specification" redirects here. For other uses, see
493:Provisions for rejection, reinspection, rehearing,
2338:Godfrey, A. B., "Juran's Quality Handbook", 1999,
604:Although specifications are usually issued by the
2328:Pyzdek, T, "Quality Engineering Handbook", 2003,
1864:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
2392:
2231:
148:, and national laboratories and institutes), a
2093:International Organization for Standardization
2003:International Organization for Standardization
1978:International Organization for Standardization
1813:International Organization for Standardization
1777:International Organization for Standardization
1749:International Organization for Standardization
1724:International Organization for Standardization
132:sectors. Example organization types include a
1555:, 7 January 2001), accessed 14 September 2022
1551:, published 29 June 1994 (republished by the
2366:Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling
2176:"TDWG Standards Documentation Specification"
399:to clarify the meanings of the specification
2266:"Laser Safety Standard Operating Procedure"
1966:Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points
1930:"Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code"
1597:Publications Office of the European Union,
1484:Form and Style of Standards, ASTM Blue Book
816:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
686:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
405:for measuring all specified characteristics
2062:United States Food and Drug Administration
1068:United States Food and Drug Administration
1052:United States Food and Drug Administration
931:and cover the non-geometric requirements.
1728:"01.080.01: Graphical symbols in general"
1609:
1607:
1078:
880:Learn how and when to remove this message
750:Learn how and when to remove this message
2085:
2020:
1830:
1704:. US Department of Defense. 2 April 2008
1258:functional specifications document (FSD)
1144:the system should do, not (necessarily)
262:, and others. A memorandum published by
2066:"Structured Product Labeling Resources"
2028:Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
1846:
1844:
1771:
1769:
1691:
1642:"Equipment Specification Writing Guide"
1615:General Guide to Writing Specifications
1303:complemented by a designated template.
986:British National Formulary for Children
927:Specifications are an integral part of
829:"Specification" technical standard
699:"Specification" technical standard
330:
14:
2393:
2054:
1918:
1604:
1477:
1475:
1414:Specification and Description Language
1893:Construction Specifications Institute
1679:. Los Angeles Unified School District
1083:
918:Royal Institute of British Architects
593:to be built in square meters, like a
557:Construction Specifications Institute
2290:
2258:
2225:
2189:
2174:Biodiversity Information Standards.
2167:
2132:
1995:
1970:
1926:Food Standards Australia New Zealand
1841:
1805:
1794:
1766:
1741:
1666:
1633:
1027:product but also for the processing
814:adding citations to reliable sources
781:
684:adding citations to reliable sources
651:
1856:"PDF Specification for IEEE Xplore"
1716:
1674:"A Guide to Writing Specifications"
1472:
1374:List of Air Ministry specifications
140:(a small group of corporations), a
24:
2322:
1286:List of Web service specifications
553:Construction Specifications Canada
98:is here used in connection with a
25:
2437:
1639:
1521:The Elements of Technical Writing
2232:Delaney, Declan; Stephen Brown.
1911:Federal Acquisition Regulation,
1850:
1394:Publicly Available Specification
1160:
934:
786:
656:
537:
2121:
2110:
1959:
1948:
1905:
1896:
1887:
1553:Society of Automotive Engineers
1339:Diagnostic design specification
1136:that may be used to develop an
963:The International Pharmacopoeia
914:National Building Specification
532:
466:considerations and requirements
454:considerations and requirements
211:which is often referenced by a
207:A specification may refer to a
84:design or product specification
1620:
1591:
1580:
1569:
1558:
1541:
1506:
1279:
1008:The coverage of food and drug
634:Federal Acquisition Regulation
379:(TOC), if the document is long
86:describes the features of the
32:Specification (disambiguation)
13:
1:
2141:Information Systems Frontiers
1465:
1229:
1205:is expected to do. It can be
929:Building Information Modeling
312:of suitability is necessary.
304:, etc.) or specify the item (
2071:Food and Drug Administration
2041:Food and Drug Administration
1601:, accessed 14 September 2022
1201:is the definition of what a
337:standard operating procedure
7:
1459:Verification and validation
1306:
1297:
1167:architectural specification
910:building services engineers
898:architectural technologists
510:and clarity of the document
347:, etc. of the specification
343:Descriptive title, number,
322:and United Kingdom require
10:
2442:
1626:Crown Commercial Service,
1349:Document management system
1283:
1276:responds to those inputs.
1233:
1192:
1113:
991:British National Formulary
968:United States Pharmacopeia
545:building information model
422:requirements. Targets and
152:(society), a purpose-made
72:processes in many fields.
29:
2153:10.1007/s10796-008-9143-y
1955:Food labeling regulations
1915:, accessed 6 January 2021
1439:Submittals (construction)
1364:Harmonization (standards)
1292:quality management system
1109:
365:to indicate the document
316:Public sector procurement
274:apply to specifications:
58:requirement specification
2426:Technical specifications
2378:Emerald Group Publishing
2373:Journal of Documentation
2298:The University of Toledo
1902:CSC-dcc.ca/Certification
1613:Suffolk County Council,
1429:Statistical interference
1359:Functional specification
1246:functional specification
1236:Functional specification
647:
354:and revision designation
150:professional association
77:functional specification
2421:Technical communication
1454:Tolerance (engineering)
1444:Technical documentation
438:technical illustrations
350:Date of last effective
335:Sometimes a guide or a
18:Technical specification
2406:Construction documents
2128:Forums.macosxhints.com
1079:Information technology
958:Japanese Pharmacopoeia
953:European Pharmacopoeia
526:Annexes and Appendices
268:U.S. Defense Secretary
179:
154:standards organization
1404:Requirements analysis
1389:Process specification
1369:List of ISO standards
1284:Further information:
1199:program specification
948:British Pharmacopoeia
777:
1837:Title 21 CFR Part 11
1529:Macmillan Publishers
1354:Formal specification
1334:Design specification
1242:software development
1122:formal specification
1116:Formal specification
906:landscape architects
902:structural engineers
810:improve this section
680:improve this section
331:Guidance and content
2401:Product development
1875:on 22 November 2008
1434:Systems engineering
1384:Performance testing
1272:system and how the
1173:that describes the
1150:formal verification
774:, plastering, etc.
632:The United States'
495:corrective measures
474:acceptance sampling
420:performance testing
146:regulatory agencies
70:product development
1492:ASTM International
1449:Technical Standard
1419:Specification tree
1084:Specification need
1003:Codex Alimentarius
996:National Formulary
762:Specifications in
642:federal government
623:building materials
416:Acceptance testing
324:non-discriminatory
256:trade associations
196:, it is vital for
66:engineering design
43:technical standard
890:
889:
882:
864:
760:
759:
752:
734:
599:quantity surveyor
595:bill of materials
478:quality assurance
377:Table of Contents
272:British standards
142:trade association
16:(Redirected from
2433:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2311:
2306:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2277:
2271:. Archived from
2270:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2245:
2239:. Archived from
2238:
2229:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2212:
2206:. Archived from
2205:
2193:
2187:
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2165:
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2136:
2130:
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2089:
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2047:
2038:
2030:(October 2006).
2024:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2013:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1974:
1968:
1963:
1957:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1932:. Archived from
1922:
1916:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1894:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1874:
1868:. Archived from
1860:
1848:
1839:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1809:
1803:
1798:
1792:
1791:
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1773:
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1686:
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1678:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1654:on 28 April 2019
1653:
1647:. Archived from
1646:
1637:
1631:
1624:
1618:
1611:
1602:
1595:
1589:
1584:
1578:
1573:
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1504:
1503:
1501:
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1489:
1479:
1399:Revision control
1329:Defense Standard
1260:) is the set of
1224:software systems
1203:computer program
885:
878:
874:
871:
865:
863:
822:
790:
782:
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748:
744:
741:
735:
733:
692:
660:
652:
264:William J. Perry
60:is a documented
21:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2430:
2391:
2390:
2325:
2323:Further reading
2320:
2319:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2295:
2291:
2281:
2279:
2278:on 27 June 2010
2275:
2268:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2249:
2247:
2246:on 6 March 2009
2243:
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2226:
2216:
2214:
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2194:
2190:
2180:
2178:
2172:
2168:
2137:
2133:
2126:
2122:
2117:Sourceforge.net
2115:
2111:
2101:
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2090:
2086:
2076:
2074:
2059:
2055:
2045:
2043:
2036:
2025:
2021:
2011:
2009:
2000:
1996:
1986:
1984:
1975:
1971:
1964:
1960:
1953:
1949:
1939:
1937:
1936:on 5 April 2008
1923:
1919:
1910:
1906:
1901:
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1563:
1559:
1546:
1542:
1511:
1507:
1497:
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1487:
1481:
1480:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1424:Standardization
1309:
1300:
1288:
1282:
1266:software system
1250:functional spec
1238:
1232:
1221:safety-critical
1195:
1163:
1140:. It describes
1128:description of
1118:
1112:
1086:
1081:
937:
886:
875:
869:
866:
823:
821:
807:
791:
780:
756:
745:
739:
736:
693:
691:
677:
661:
650:
617:or they may be
615:sub-contractors
540:
535:
470:Quality control
333:
182:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2439:
2429:
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2418:
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2389:
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2188:
2166:
2131:
2120:
2109:
2084:
2053:
2019:
1994:
1969:
1958:
1947:
1917:
1904:
1895:
1886:
1840:
1829:
1804:
1793:
1765:
1740:
1715:
1690:
1665:
1640:Stout, Peter.
1632:
1619:
1603:
1590:
1587:BS 7373-3:2005
1579:
1576:BS 7373-2:2001
1568:
1565:BS 7373-1:2001
1557:
1547:Perry, W. J.,
1540:
1505:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
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1456:
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1371:
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1326:
1321:
1319:Change control
1316:
1310:
1308:
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1299:
1296:
1281:
1278:
1234:Main article:
1231:
1228:
1194:
1191:
1169:is the set of
1162:
1159:
1138:implementation
1114:Main article:
1111:
1108:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1025:pharmaceutical
999:
998:
993:
988:
971:
970:
965:
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950:
941:pharmacopoeias
936:
933:
888:
887:
794:
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757:
664:
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531:
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529:
523:
517:
511:
497:
491:
484:
481:
472:requirements,
467:
461:
455:
449:
446:Certifications
443:
440:
427:
413:
406:
400:
386:
383:
380:
374:
355:
348:
332:
329:
320:European Union
306:building codes
286:
285:
282:
279:
181:
178:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2438:
2427:
2424:
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2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
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2383:
2379:
2375:
2374:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2354:0-87389-351-4
2351:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2335:
2334:0-8247-4614-7
2331:
2327:
2326:
2303:
2299:
2293:
2274:
2267:
2261:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2213:on 8 May 2007
2209:
2202:
2198:
2192:
2177:
2170:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2135:
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2124:
2118:
2113:
2098:
2094:
2088:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2063:
2057:
2042:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2023:
2008:
2004:
1998:
1983:
1979:
1973:
1967:
1962:
1956:
1951:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1914:
1908:
1899:
1890:
1871:
1867:
1865:
1857:
1853:
1847:
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1814:
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1802:
1797:
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1778:
1772:
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1744:
1729:
1725:
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1700:
1694:
1675:
1669:
1650:
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1594:
1588:
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1572:
1566:
1561:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1517:Robert W. Bly
1514:
1509:
1493:
1486:
1485:
1478:
1476:
1471:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
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1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1379:Open standard
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1344:Documentation
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1304:
1295:
1293:
1287:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1262:documentation
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1237:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1171:documentation
1168:
1161:Architectural
1158:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1117:
1107:
1103:
1100:
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1053:
1048:
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935:Food and drug
932:
930:
925:
921:
919:
915:
911:
907:
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884:
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859:
855:
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838:
834:
831: –
830:
826:
825:Find sources:
819:
815:
811:
805:
804:
800:
795:This section
793:
789:
784:
783:
775:
773:
769:
765:
754:
751:
743:
732:
729:
725:
722:
718:
715:
711:
708:
704:
701: –
700:
696:
695:Find sources:
689:
685:
681:
675:
674:
670:
665:This section
663:
659:
654:
653:
645:
643:
639:
635:
630:
626:
624:
620:
616:
611:
607:
602:
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596:
592:
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569:
564:
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
538:North America
527:
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521:
520:Change record
518:
515:
512:
509:
505:
501:
498:
496:
492:
489:
485:
482:
479:
475:
471:
468:
465:
464:Environmental
462:
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
441:
439:
435:
431:
428:
425:
421:
417:
414:
411:
407:
404:
401:
398:
397:abbreviations
394:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
353:
349:
346:
342:
341:
340:
338:
328:
325:
321:
318:rules in the
317:
313:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
283:
280:
277:
276:
275:
273:
269:
265:
261:
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253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
216:
214:
210:
205:
203:
199:
195:
191:
190:manufacturing
187:
177:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
122:
120:
119:specification
116:
115:maintained as
112:
107:
105:
101:
97:
96:specification
93:
89:
85:
80:
78:
73:
71:
67:
63:
59:
54:
52:
51:specification
46:
44:
40:
39:specification
33:
19:
2371:
2364:
2308:. Retrieved
2292:
2280:. Retrieved
2273:the original
2260:
2248:. Retrieved
2241:the original
2227:
2215:. Retrieved
2208:the original
2191:
2179:. Retrieved
2169:
2147:(1): 75–86.
2144:
2140:
2134:
2123:
2112:
2100:. Retrieved
2087:
2075:. Retrieved
2069:
2056:
2044:. Retrieved
2032:
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1997:
1985:. Retrieved
1972:
1961:
1950:
1938:. Retrieved
1934:the original
1920:
1907:
1898:
1889:
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1870:the original
1862:
1832:
1820:. Retrieved
1807:
1796:
1784:. Retrieved
1756:. Retrieved
1743:
1731:. Retrieved
1718:
1708:16 September
1706:. Retrieved
1693:
1681:. Retrieved
1668:
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1649:the original
1635:
1622:
1593:
1582:
1571:
1560:
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1520:
1508:
1496:. Retrieved
1483:
1409:Shop drawing
1314:Benchmarking
1301:
1289:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1239:
1217:mathematical
1210:
1206:
1198:
1196:
1166:
1164:
1145:
1141:
1126:mathematical
1121:
1119:
1104:
1101:
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1064:
1060:
1056:
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1018:
1007:
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924:components.
922:
891:
876:
867:
857:
850:
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824:
808:Please help
796:
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737:
727:
720:
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694:
678:Please help
666:
631:
627:
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580:
576:
572:
568:50 Divisions
565:
561:
549:MasterFormat
543:drawings or
541:
533:Construction
508:traceability
418:, including
403:Test methods
334:
314:
302:trade unions
287:
260:corporations
217:
206:
183:
173:
169:
165:
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118:
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110:
108:
103:
95:
91:
87:
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1753:"ISO 10209"
1523:, pg. 108.
1280:Web service
1181:, and more
1035:processes,
638:procurement
442:Workmanship
434:photographs
393:definitions
389:Terminology
186:engineering
134:corporation
62:requirement
2395:Categories
2344:007034003X
1683:8 November
1537:0020130856
1513:Gary Blake
1466:References
1230:Functional
1155:refinement
1045:cold chain
894:architects
840:newspapers
772:earthworks
710:newspapers
636:governing
514:Signatures
500:References
424:tolerances
410:tolerances
373:and origin
345:identifier
310:Validation
202:purchasers
138:consortium
111:in-service
104:spec sheet
100:data sheet
2416:Standards
2386:0022-0418
2102:29 August
2077:29 August
1498:5 January
1324:Guideline
1175:structure
1073:standards
1041:logistics
1037:packaging
1029:machinery
1010:standards
979:formulary
975:standards
870:June 2023
797:does not
740:June 2023
667:does not
619:employees
610:engineers
606:architect
504:citations
488:INCOTERMS
448:required.
371:ownership
367:copyright
363:trademark
298:engineers
254:, etc.),
198:suppliers
166:reference
88:solutions
2012:27 March
1987:27 March
1879:27 March
1531:, 1993.
1525:New York
1307:See also
1298:Document
1270:software
1207:informal
1185:of that
1179:behavior
1153:correct
1134:hardware
1130:software
981:such as
640:for the
583:European
458:Security
430:Drawings
352:revision
294:verified
213:contract
209:standard
194:business
170:call out
162:refer to
156:such as
2411:Quality
2310:14 June
2282:14 June
2250:14 June
2217:14 June
2181:14 June
2161:3194809
1940:6 April
1822:10 June
1801:ISO 690
1786:10 June
1758:10 June
1733:10 June
1658:15 June
1248:(also,
1193:Program
1033:quality
854:scholar
818:removed
803:sources
724:scholar
688:removed
673:sources
591:drywall
290:product
248:CENELEC
130:private
2384:
2352:
2342:
2332:
2159:
2046:20 May
1866:(IEEE)
1535:
1494:. 2012
1274:system
1212:formal
1187:system
1110:Formal
856:
849:
842:
835:
827:
726:
719:
712:
705:
697:
452:Safety
192:, and
126:public
113:" or "
2305:(PDF)
2276:(PDF)
2269:(PDF)
2244:(PDF)
2237:(PDF)
2211:(PDF)
2204:(PDF)
2157:S2CID
2037:(PDF)
1873:(PDF)
1859:(PDF)
1702:(pdf)
1677:(pdf)
1652:(PDF)
1645:(PDF)
1488:(PDF)
1254:specs
1183:views
1124:is a
1094:samba
861:JSTOR
847:books
764:Egypt
731:JSTOR
717:books
648:Egypt
436:, or
2382:ISSN
2359:ASTM
2350:ISBN
2340:ISBN
2330:ISBN
2312:2009
2284:2009
2252:2009
2219:2009
2183:2009
2104:2011
2079:2011
2048:2009
2014:2009
1989:2009
1942:2008
1881:2009
1852:IEEE
1824:2009
1788:2009
1760:2009
1735:2009
1710:2010
1685:2010
1660:2009
1533:ISBN
1515:and
1500:2013
1244:, a
1142:what
1021:food
908:and
833:news
801:any
799:cite
768:HBRC
703:news
671:any
669:cite
587:area
555:and
502:and
395:and
359:logo
232:ASTM
228:NIST
174:cite
136:, a
128:and
109:An "
102:(or
68:and
2149:doi
1256:or
1252:or
1240:In
1146:how
1132:or
1023:or
1014:ISO
1012:by
812:by
682:by
589:of
361:or
252:DoD
244:CEN
240:IEC
236:ISO
224:AWS
220:SAE
184:In
180:Use
158:ISO
2397::
2380:,
2376:,
2300:.
2199:.
2155:.
2145:11
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2095:.
2068:.
2064:.
2039:.
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1861:.
1854:.
1843:^
1815:.
1779:.
1768:^
1751:.
1726:.
1606:^
1527::
1519:,
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