24:
85:, often descended from Moroccans recruited to work in the mining industry in the 1960s; a small fraction of the children and grandchildren of the immigrant generation have been attracted to Militant Islamism and jihad. A tiny fraction of this large Muslim population has participated in terrorist attacks. In a report by the
250:
to attack a group of 40 Jewish children waiting with their families for a bus to take them to summer camp. The explosion killed one boy, identified as 15-year-old
Parisian David Kuhan, and wounded 20, aged 13 to 27, eight of whom had to be
137:
to escape. Salah
Abdeslam was arrested a few days later and the surviving members of the cell, including brothers Najim Laachraoui and Khalid and Ibrahim Bakraoui (previously armed robbers) launched the
133:, an Islamic State operative from Algeria who previously had lived in Sweden. Belkaid was killed in a shootout in the Foret district of Brussels, during which Belkaid was firing on police to allow
309:, blowing out several windows in the AEG Telefunken building and its neighboring structure. The attack was attributed to FRAP after the organisation's acronym was found spray painted on the site.
931:
490:. A police officer was killed together while another officer were injured in a stabbing attack in Brussels. The perpetrator was shot and injured and later brought to the hospital.
516:. Two Swedish nationals who were shot and killed and one severely wounded. According to several sources, it has been reported that the shooter was working on the behalf of
543:
89:, of the 135 individuals surveyed in connection with terrorism, there were 12 different nationalities. Of those 65% had Belgian citizenship and 33% were either
732:"FREED HOSTAGES 'IN BELGIAN HANDS' FAMILY HEADS HOME AFTER PALESTINIAN GUERRILLA LEAVES PRISON NEAR BRUSSELS". Orlando Sentinel. Reuters. 13 January 1991.
607:
97:
678:
1239:
1039:
751:
693:
More than 500 Belgians have left for Syria since 2012 and most of them, according to
Belgian and U.S. officials, have been of Moroccan descent.
1174:
104:. The majority of those who went to the Syria in the 2012-2016 time span were of Moroccan descent according to U.S. and Belgian authorities.
1192:
855:
404:
295:
1106:
472:. A prisoner left prison, stabbed two female police officers, took their guns, shot and killed them and a civilian in Liège, Belgium.
706:
415:
111:. It has also been the place where some Islamist militants developed militant views before going to the Middle East to fight with
1244:
803:
509:
411:
claimed responsibility for an attack on
Belgian police officers by an Algerian national who had been scheduled for deportation.
269:
carried out a bombing attack at the
Antwerp synagogue. Three people were killed in the attack, while 103 others were injured.
581:
994:
397:
1249:
1084:
1207:
554:
813:
783:
344:
317:
646:
75:
129:
in France were coordinated and planned from
Belgium. The overall leader of that terrorist cell was believed to be
385:
235:
620:
505:
501:
262:
216:
71:
279:
81:
Belgium has a population of 11 million including large numbers of immigrants from Muslim countries. 100,000
396:
were killed, and more than 300 people were injured. Another bomb was found during a search of the airport.
266:
149:
activities in Europe's
Francophone area as a single, French-Belgian junction of ISIS activity and attacks.
447:
126:
108:
710:
616:
548:
86:
107:
Belgium has been the base of operations for a number of terrorist attacks in the 2010s, including the
432:
325:
995:"Another bomb found in Brussels after attacks kill at least 34; Islamic State claims responsibility"
1175:"Belgium shooting: 'Radicalised' prisoner on day release kills two female police officers in Liege"
436:
352:
1206:
Nicholls, Catherine; Braithwaite, Sharon; Loubiere, Mylene; Magramo, Kathleen (October 17, 2023).
1062:
100:, the majority of whom joined the Islamic State with others joining the al-Qaida-affiliated group
291:
609:
These circumstances contributes to private businesses having difficulties operating in the area
487:
366:
139:
877:
458:. The perpetrator was shot dead at the scene, and the surrounding area was promptly evacuated.
1020:
837:
733:
513:
239:
209:
212:. The IRA bombs the central square of Brussels whilst targeting British troops, injuring 15.
934:[Abdelhamid Abaaoud, the alleged instigator of the attacks killed at Saint-Denis].
775:
82:
1138:
Lasoen, Kenneth (2019). "War of Nerves. The
Domestic Terror Threat and the Belgian Army".
906:
469:
8:
96:
In 2016, Belgian researcher estimated that about 562 individuals had travelled to become
37:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
1155:
976:
833:
959:
Lasoen, Kenneth (2017). "Indications and warning in
Belgium. Brussels is not Delphi".
1159:
1114:
980:
809:
779:
654:
1147:
968:
377:
202:
25 June 1979: An IRA bomb in
Brussels targeted but failed to hit a British general.
119:
1151:
972:
769:
70:
In the 1990s Belgium was a transit country for Islamist terrorist groups like the
1024:
192:
130:
1019:"Policières attaquées en Belgique: six interpellations". AFP. 30 November 2016.
841:
737:
679:"When It Comes To Radicalization In Belgium, Turks and Moroccans Are Different"
476:
later claimed responsibility for the attack done by a soldier of the caliphate.
393:
302:
169:
134:
101:
205:
6 July 1979: An IRA bomb detonates in a British consulate building in Antwerp.
1233:
1118:
658:
517:
146:
1208:"Police shoot dead suspected gunman accused of killing 2 Swedes in Brussels"
1107:"Brüssel: Verdächtiger nach Explosion in Brüsseler Bahnhof "neutralisiert""
932:"Abdelhamid Abaaoud, l'instigateur présumé des attentats tué à Saint-Denis"
520:. The suspected gunman was killed by the police after an all-night manhunt.
373:
243:
196:
582:"Brussels Train Station Bombing Renews Focus on Belgium as Jihadist Base"
455:
1063:"Two Brussels police officers stabbed in terror attack, prosecutor says"
1040:"Two policemen injured in Brussels stabbing in suspected terror attack"
707:"The Islamic State's External Operations and the French-Belgian Nexus"
55:
324:. Two firemen were killed when trying to extinguish a fire that the
936:
451:
389:
381:
321:
313:
306:
215:
3 November 1979: The British consulate in Antwerp is bombed by the
421:-inspired lone wolf stabbing of three police officers in Brussels.
882:
440:
247:
122:, Belgium had the highest number of foreign fighters per capita.
90:
59:
1193:"Belgium police stabbing suspect on counterterrorism watch list"
328:(CCC) deliberately set on the car, with 13 other people injured.
544:"Belgian Radical Networks and the Road to the Brussels Attacks"
606:
Van Vlierden, Guy; Lewis, Jon; Rassler, Don (February 2018).
173:
118:
In June 2016, with 451 fighters having travelled to join the
1012:
473:
418:
408:
370:
348:
172:. Kidnapping of Belgian-French family by the government of
112:
157:
1212:
878:"Second Blast in Two Days Damages AEG-Telefunken Offices"
599:
290:
20 April 1985: A bomb exploded in the secretariat of the
31:
Parts of this article (those related to 2018) need to be
1085:"Suspects face terrorism charges after raids in Belgium"
698:
605:
575:
573:
571:
191:
22 March 1979: A Belgian bank employee was shot by the
355:
in Brussels by a French national in contact with ISIS.
180:
805:
Terrorism in Europe (RLE: Terrorism & Insurgency)
568:
298:(FRAP) claimed responsibility for via Belgian radio.
802:Alexander, Yonah; Myers, Kenneth (April 17, 2015).
98:
foreign fighters in the Syrian and Iraqi Civil Wars
827:
825:
142:targeting Brussels airport and metro killing 32.
1231:
1077:
1061:Dewan, Angela; Isaac, Lindsay (5 October 2016).
856:"Palestinian guerrillas claim synagogue bombing"
871:
869:
1031:
822:
801:
400:(ISIL) claimed responsibility for the attacks.
152:
448:were lightly wounded after a machete-wielding
1054:
866:
541:
54:This article covers attacks and activity of
774:. DIANE Publishing. July 25, 1990. p.
504:in central Brussels before a match between
1060:
758:. August 29, 1979 – via NYTimes.com.
725:
705:Brisard, Jean-Charles (10 November 2016).
405:2016 stabbing of Charleroi police officers
296:Revolutionary Front for Proletarian Action
832:"Jewish youth dies in blast of grenade".
752:"I.r.a. Sets Off Bomb at Belgian Concert"
416:2016 stabbing of Brussels police officers
875:
579:
280:Communist Combatant Cells § Attacks
1240:Lists of terrorist incidents by country
704:
176:; they were held for almost five years.
158:Attacks related to Middle East politics
93:citizens or had ancestral roots there.
1232:
1137:
1037:
958:
301:21 April 1985: A bomb exploded in the
223:
1172:
647:"Why did the bombers target Belgium?"
644:
952:
537:
535:
533:
398:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
65:
17:
1140:Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
904:
848:
332:
273:
181:Attacks related to Northern Ireland
13:
876:Wielaard, Robert (21 April 1985).
542:van Ostaeyen, Pieter (June 2016).
14:
1261:
530:
392:. Thirty-two civilians and three
345:Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting
318:Federation of Belgian Enterprises
83:Moroccan citizens live in Belgium
1181:– via www.telegraph.co.uk.
1038:Samuel, Henry (5 October 2016).
580:Schreuer, Milan (21 June 2017).
76:Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group
22:
1205:
1199:
1185:
1166:
1131:
1099:
987:
924:
898:
795:
236:1980 Antwerp summer camp attack
1245:Terrorist incidents in Belgium
788:– via Internet Archive.
762:
744:
671:
638:
439:, a failed bombing attempt by
437:Brussels Central train station
263:1981 Antwerp synagogue bombing
217:Irish National Liberation Army
72:Armed Islamic Group of Algeria
1:
1173:Crisp, James (May 29, 2018).
1152:10.1080/1057610X.2018.1431270
973:10.1080/01402390.2017.1288111
524:
446:25 August 2017: Two soldiers
961:Journal of Strategic Studies
267:Black September Organization
7:
645:Burke, Jason (2016-03-22).
619:. p. 1. Archived from
443:lone actor Oussama Zariouh.
153:List of terrorist incidents
127:November 2015 Paris attacks
109:November 2015 Paris attacks
10:
1266:
1250:Lists of events in Belgium
711:Combating Terrorism Center
617:Combating Terrorism Center
549:Combating Terrorism Center
277:
87:Combating Terrorism Center
1113:(in German). 2017-06-20.
818:– via Google Books.
326:Communist Combatant Cells
316:exploded in front of the
145:Terrorism experts regard
771:Terrorist Group Profiles
353:Jewish Museum of Belgium
790:inla antwerp bomb 1979.
351:directed attack on the
292:North Atlantic Assembly
1087:. DW. 18 November 2016
907:"Plaque: CCC bombings"
488:2022 Brussels stabbing
386:Maalbeek metro station
367:2016 Brussels bombings
240:Syria-born Palestinian
140:2016 Brussels bombings
1042:. The Daily Telegraph
999:The Los Angeles Times
514:King Baudouin Stadium
450:man attacked them in
210:1979 Brussels bombing
195:, who thought it was
626:on 24 February 2018
500:16 October 2023: A
224:Antisemitic attacks
940:. 17 November 2015
911:Brussels Remembers
905:Du Bois, Yannick.
862:. 21 October 1981.
834:The Globe and Mail
756:The New York Times
486:10 November 2022:
433:explosion occurred
502:shooting occurred
470:2018 Liège attack
431:20 June 2017: an
261:20 October 1981:
66:Islamic terrorism
52:
51:
1257:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1170:
1164:
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1135:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1103:
1097:
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1094:
1092:
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1058:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1035:
1029:
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1009:
1007:
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991:
985:
984:
956:
950:
949:
947:
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928:
922:
921:
919:
917:
902:
896:
895:
893:
891:
873:
864:
863:
852:
846:
845:
836:. 28 July 1980.
829:
820:
819:
799:
793:
792:
766:
760:
759:
748:
742:
741:
729:
723:
722:
720:
718:
702:
696:
695:
690:
689:
675:
669:
668:
666:
665:
642:
636:
635:
633:
631:
625:
614:
603:
597:
596:
594:
592:
577:
566:
565:
563:
562:
553:. Archived from
539:
414:5 October 2016:
378:Brussels Airport
374:suicide bombings
333:Islamist attacks
274:Far-left attacks
208:29 August 1979:
197:Sir John Killick
120:Syrian Civil War
47:
44:
38:
26:
25:
18:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1218:
1216:
1204:
1200:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1171:
1167:
1146:(11): 953–971.
1136:
1132:
1123:
1121:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1090:
1088:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1068:
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1059:
1055:
1045:
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1036:
1032:
1018:
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1013:
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993:
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957:
953:
943:
941:
930:
929:
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913:
903:
899:
889:
887:
874:
867:
854:
853:
849:
831:
830:
823:
816:
800:
796:
786:
768:
767:
763:
750:
749:
745:
731:
730:
726:
716:
714:
703:
699:
687:
685:
677:
676:
672:
663:
661:
643:
639:
629:
627:
623:
612:
604:
600:
590:
588:
578:
569:
560:
558:
540:
531:
527:
403:6 August 2016:
365:22 March 2016:
335:
282:
276:
226:
193:Provisional IRA
183:
168:1 August 1985:
160:
155:
131:Mohamed Belkaid
68:
48:
42:
39:
36:
27:
23:
12:
11:
5:
1263:
1253:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1227:
1226:
1198:
1184:
1165:
1130:
1098:
1076:
1053:
1030:
1011:
986:
967:(7): 927–962.
951:
923:
897:
865:
847:
821:
814:
794:
784:
761:
743:
724:
697:
670:
637:
598:
586:New York Times
567:
528:
526:
523:
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521:
497:
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483:
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460:
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444:
428:
427:
423:
422:
412:
401:
362:
361:
357:
356:
340:
339:
334:
331:
330:
329:
312:1 May 1985: A
310:
303:AEG Telefunken
299:
287:
286:
275:
272:
271:
270:
258:
257:
253:
252:
234:28 July 1980:
231:
230:
225:
222:
221:
220:
213:
206:
203:
200:
188:
187:
182:
179:
178:
177:
170:Silco incident
165:
164:
159:
156:
154:
151:
135:Salah Abdeslam
102:Al-Nusra Front
74:(GIA) and the
67:
64:
50:
49:
30:
28:
21:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1262:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1202:
1194:
1188:
1180:
1179:The Telegraph
1176:
1169:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1134:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1102:
1086:
1080:
1064:
1057:
1041:
1034:
1026:
1022:
1015:
1000:
996:
990:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
955:
939:
938:
933:
927:
912:
908:
901:
885:
884:
879:
872:
870:
861:
857:
851:
843:
839:
835:
828:
826:
817:
815:9781317449331
811:
808:. Routledge.
807:
806:
798:
791:
787:
785:9781568068640
781:
777:
773:
772:
765:
757:
753:
747:
739:
735:
728:
712:
708:
701:
694:
684:
680:
674:
660:
656:
652:
648:
641:
622:
618:
611:
610:
602:
587:
583:
576:
574:
572:
557:on 2018-09-08
556:
552:
551:at West Point
550:
545:
538:
536:
534:
529:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
498:
494:
493:
489:
485:
484:
480:
479:
475:
471:
468:29 May 2018:
467:
466:
462:
461:
457:
454:close to the
453:
449:
445:
442:
438:
434:
430:
429:
425:
424:
420:
417:
413:
410:
406:
402:
399:
395:
391:
387:
384:, and one at
383:
379:
375:
372:
368:
364:
363:
359:
358:
354:
350:
346:
343:24 May 2014:
342:
341:
337:
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327:
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319:
315:
311:
308:
304:
300:
297:
293:
289:
288:
284:
283:
281:
268:
264:
260:
259:
255:
254:
251:hospitalized.
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
232:
228:
227:
218:
214:
211:
207:
204:
201:
198:
194:
190:
189:
185:
184:
175:
171:
167:
166:
162:
161:
150:
148:
147:Islamic State
143:
141:
136:
132:
128:
123:
121:
116:
114:
110:
105:
103:
99:
94:
92:
88:
84:
79:
77:
73:
63:
61:
57:
46:
34:
29:
20:
19:
16:
1217:. Retrieved
1211:
1201:
1187:
1178:
1168:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1122:. Retrieved
1110:
1101:
1089:. Retrieved
1079:
1067:. Retrieved
1056:
1044:. Retrieved
1033:
1014:
1002:. Retrieved
998:
989:
964:
960:
954:
942:. Retrieved
935:
926:
914:. Retrieved
910:
900:
888:. Retrieved
881:
859:
850:
804:
797:
789:
770:
764:
755:
746:
727:
715:. Retrieved
700:
692:
686:. Retrieved
682:
673:
662:. Retrieved
651:The Guardian
650:
640:
628:. Retrieved
621:the original
608:
601:
589:. Retrieved
585:
559:. Retrieved
555:the original
547:
394:perpetrators
376:occurred at
320:building in
305:building in
294:, which the
244:Said Al Nasr
144:
124:
117:
106:
95:
80:
69:
53:
40:
32:
15:
944:20 November
630:24 February
456:Grand-Place
388:in central
1234:Categories
1219:17 October
1124:2017-06-20
1025:1844558637
886:. Brussels
688:2019-03-10
664:2019-03-10
561:2020-08-15
525:References
278:See also:
1160:116180694
1119:0044-2070
1069:5 October
1046:5 October
981:157685300
842:386914648
738:277798387
659:0261-3077
56:terrorism
43:June 2018
1111:Die Zeit
1021:ProQuest
1004:22 March
937:Le Monde
838:ProQuest
734:ProQuest
713:Sentinel
452:Brussels
441:Moroccan
390:Brussels
382:Zaventem
322:Brussels
314:car bomb
307:Brussels
248:grenades
91:Moroccan
78:(GICM).
1091:11 June
916:14 July
890:18 June
883:AP News
717:20 June
683:NPR.org
591:26 June
512:at the
506:Belgium
435:in the
246:, used
219:(INLA).
60:Belgium
33:updated
1158:
1117:
1023:
979:
840:
812:
782:
736:
657:
510:Sweden
369:. Two
265:. The
1156:S2CID
1065:. CNN
977:S2CID
624:(PDF)
613:(PDF)
174:Libya
1221:2023
1115:ISSN
1093:2017
1071:2016
1048:2016
1006:2016
946:2015
918:2018
892:2021
810:ISBN
780:ISBN
719:2017
655:ISSN
632:2018
593:2017
518:ISIS
508:and
495:2023
481:2022
474:ISIS
463:2018
426:2017
419:ISIS
409:ISIS
371:ISIS
360:2016
349:ISIS
338:2014
285:1985
256:1981
238:. A
229:1980
186:1979
163:1985
125:The
113:ISIS
1213:CNN
1148:doi
969:doi
860:UPI
380:in
58:in
1236::
1210:.
1177:.
1154:.
1144:42
1142:.
1109:.
997:.
975:.
965:40
963:.
909:.
880:.
868:^
858:.
824:^
778:.
776:51
754:.
709:.
691:.
681:.
653:.
649:.
615:.
584:.
570:^
546:.
532:^
407:.
347:.
242:,
115:.
62:.
1223:.
1195:.
1162:.
1150::
1127:.
1095:.
1073:.
1050:.
1027:.
1008:.
983:.
971::
948:.
920:.
894:.
844:.
740:.
721:.
667:.
634:.
595:.
564:.
199:.
45:)
41:(
35:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.