114:
27:
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to handle chemicals, especially for qualitative experiments and assays. Their spherical bottom and vertical sides reduce mass loss when pouring, make them easier to wash out, and allow convenient monitoring of the contents. The long, narrow neck of test tube slows down the spreading of gases to the
935:
They are designed to be wide enough to allow substances to boil violently as opposed to a test tube, which is too narrow; a boiling liquid can explode out of the end of test tubes when they are heated, as there is no room for bubbles of gas to escape independently of the surrounding liquid. This
949:
957:
An ignition tube is used in much the same way as a boiling tube, except it is not as large and thick-walled. It is primarily used to hold small quantities of substances which are undergoing direct heating by a Bunsen burner or other heat source. This type of tube is used in the
995:
952:
An illustration of a setup using an ignition tube. The ignition tube is being heated by the Bunsen burner on the left, with the heated gas escaping from the tube to the pan via the delivery tube on top and at
148:
Chemistry tubes are available in a multitude of lengths and widths, typically from 10 to 20 mm wide and 50 to 200 mm long. The top often features a flared lip to aid pouring out the contents.
1166:
195:. By tilting the tube, the bottom can be heated to hundreds of degrees in the flame, while the neck remains relatively cool, possibly allowing vapours to condense on its walls. A
322:. These tubes are commonly sealed with a rubber stopper and often have a specific additive placed in the tube with the stopper color indicating the additive. For example, a
133:
Test tubes intended for general chemical work are usually made of glass, for its relative resistance to heat. Tubes made from expansion-resistant glasses, mostly
1211:
1355:
264:, etc.. Some racks for culture tubes are designed to hold the tubes in a nearly horizontal position, so as to maximize the surface of the
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and are often discarded after use. Plastic test tubes with a screwtop cap are often called "Falcon tubes" after a line manufactured by
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1087:
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A chemistry test tube typically has a flat bottom, a round bottom, or a conical bottom. Some test tubes are made to accept a
1348:
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Usually drawn first for minimal risk of contamination. Two bottles are typically collected in one blood draw; one for
2260:
1079:
339:
2237:
602:
1323:
An
Elementary Manual of Chemistry: Abridged from Eliot and Storer's Manual, with the Co-operation of the Authors
1321:
367:
965:
Ignition tubes are often difficult to clean due to the small bore. When used to heat substances strongly, some
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627:
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2417:
1758:
1341:
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884:
1. Grey (nil) tube 2. Green (TB1 antigen) tube 3. Yellow (TB2 antigen) tube 4. Purple (mitogen) tube
455:
290:
Some sources consider that the presence of a lip is what distinguishes a test tube from a culture tube.
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2277:
2189:
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1102:. Citing: McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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508:(SST): Tube inversions promote clotting. Most chemistry, endocrine and serology tests, including
1187:
1099:
928:
A boiling tube is a small cylindrical vessel used to strongly heat substances in the flame of a
1870:
1618:
1587:
113:
1270:
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1240:"Effects of standard anticoagulants and storage procedures on plasma glucose values in seals"
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26:
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used in medicine may have a snap-top (also called a hinge cap) molded as part of the vial.
179:
Test tubes are convenient containers for heating small amounts of liquids or solids with a
87:
8:
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1844:
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937:
915:. They can also be used for raising queen ants during their first months of development.
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2054:
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1967:
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1272:
Accurate
Results in the Clinical Laboratory: A Guide to Error Detection and Correction
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2008:
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2003:
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Test tubes are sometimes put to casual uses outside of lab environments, e.g. as
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1947:
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932:. A boiling tube is essentially a scaled-up test tube, being about 50% larger.
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Test Tube
Molding Process: A discussion on the molding of plastic test tubes
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M. Jeremy
Ashcraft; General Manager; Lake Charles Manufacturing (2007).
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1139:"Chapter 3.4.1: Blood cultures; general detection and interpretation".
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is often used for temporary storage of chemical or biological samples.
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Culture tubes for biology are usually made of clear plastic (such as
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In clinical medicine, sterile test tubes with air removed, called
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and related sciences for handling and culturing all kinds of live
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is a large test tube intended specifically for boiling liquids.
141:, can withstand high temperatures up to several hundred degrees
1962:
202:
A test tube filled with water and upturned into a water-filled
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may stick to the walls as well. They are usually disposable.
912:
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224:
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Pathology & Laboratory
Medicine, UCI School of Medicine
998:
Eight-cavity culture-tube mold (Lake
Charles Manufacturing)
739:
343:
1237:
1115:
Mosby's
Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference - E-Book
1036:
807:
685:
513:
315:
207:
1297:"What types of samples will the Toxicology Lab analyze?"
1112:
Pagana, KD; Pagana, TJ; Pagana, TN (19 September 2014).
1269:
Amitava
Dasgupta; Jorge L. Sepulveda (20 July 2019).
1262:
1111:
98:tubing, open at the top and closed at the bottom.
101:Test tubes are usually placed in special-purpose
2684:
713:Trace elements, heavy metals, most drug levels,
1238:Castellini MA, Castellini JM, Kirby VL (1992).
334:as an anticoagulant, used to collect blood for
168:area near the top for labelling with a pencil.
187:. The tube is usually held by its neck with a
1349:
2309:Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument
1231:
1356:
1342:
1118:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. xiii.
490:Gold (sometimes red and grey "tiger top")
31:Two small test tubes held in spring clamps
25:
1142:Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook
2674:Instruments used in medical laboratories
2155:
1363:
993:
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223:
160:. They are often provided with a small
112:
2190:Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) device
1319:
375:Tube cap color or type in order of draw
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2238:Transmission electron microscope (TEM)
1301:Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation
90:consisting of a finger-like length of
2515:
2334:
2154:
1814:
1375:
1337:
240:Culture tubes are test tubes used in
228:Samples of human blood collected for
16:Glass or plastic laboratory glassware
1100:TheFreeDictionary > blue top tube
293:
1167:"Test Tube Guide and Order of Draw"
593:. Tube inversions prevent clotting
13:
2233:Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
1188:"Specimen requirements/containers"
1016:MiniScience.com catalog: Test Tube
108:
14:
2709:
1275:. Elsevier Science. p. 131.
340:glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
2278:Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA)
2088:Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
1320:Nichols, William Ripley (1877).
943:
462:(TT). Tube must be filled 100%.
2335:
1313:
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1204:
923:
304:samples of physiological fluids
302:, are used to collect and hold
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1093:
1070:Thomas Scott (transl., 1996),
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1021:
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235:
171:Test tubes are widely used by
1:
1815:
1072:Concise Encyclopedia: Biology
1032:. Lake Charles Manufacturing.
1002:
907:, glassware for certain weak
898:
1044:"BD Falcon Tubes and Pipets"
874:Grey, Green, Yellow, Purple
395:Sodium polyanethol sulfonate
128:
7:
1376:
1326:. Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor.
1174:Guthrie Laboratory Services
972:
918:
456:partial thromboplastin time
10:
2714:
2516:
1018:, accessed March 27, 2009.
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2482:
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2433:Time-domain reflectometer
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2200:Liquid chromatograph (LC)
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480:Total complement activity
206:is often used to capture
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44:
36:
24:
1145:. Wiley. 6 August 2020.
2268:Melting-point apparatus
1649:Cryogenic storage dewar
634:, platelet antibodies,
439:(weak calcium chelator/
86:, is a common piece of
2205:Mass spectrometer (MS)
2195:Gas chromatograph (GC)
1212:"Proper Order of Draw"
999:
954:
815:Pearlescent ("white")
232:
125:
2580:Acid-resistant gloves
2261:differential scanning
1219:Memorial Lab Services
1074:. Walter de Gruyter.
997:
951:
936:phenomenon is called
796:Acid-citrate-dextrose
584:Plasma separator gel
537:serum-separating tube
505:Serum-separating tube
330:test tube containing
227:
116:
2693:Laboratory glassware
2157:Analytical chemistry
1659:Laminar flow cabinet
1365:Laboratory equipment
911:, or containers for
598:Lavender ("purple")
557:Chromosome testing,
154:ground glass stopper
88:laboratory glassware
2529:Personal protective
1438:Meker–Fisher burner
419:anaerobic organisms
381:Usage and comments
371:
217:A test tube with a
124:and some test tubes
21:
2372:Function generator
2355:Bench power supply
2294:Analytical balance
2055:Ostwald viscometer
2050:Graduated cylinder
1789:Inoculation needle
1244:J Am Vet Med Assoc
1000:
960:sodium fusion test
955:
638:, blood levels of
349:
233:
135:borosilicate glass
126:
78:, also known as a
19:
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2662:
2640:Fire extinguisher
2630:Biosafety cabinet
2618:
2617:
2507:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2438:Transistor tester
2428:Spectrum analyzer
2326:
2325:
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2321:
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2145:
2142:
2141:
2018:Measuring devices
1840:Soxhlet extractor
1806:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1754:Spectrophotometer
1749:Pipeclay triangle
1501:Mortar and pestle
1282:978-0-12-813777-2
1152:978-1-55581-881-4
1125:978-0-323-22592-2
1088:978-3-11-010661-9
896:
895:
771:Potassium oxalate
448:Coagulation tests
415:aerobic organisms
294:Clinical medicine
281:injection molding
72:
71:
49:Chemical reaction
2705:
2537:
2536:
2524:
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2513:
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2418:Network analyzer
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2332:
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2152:
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1812:
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1794:Inoculation loop
1664:Microtiter plate
1604:Test tube holder
1496:Magnetic stirrer
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1051:Becton Dickinson
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1025:
1019:
1013:
989:Microtiter plate
979:Test tube holder
752:Fluoride Oxalate
582:(anticoagulant)
529:serum separating
498:serum separating
452:prothrombin time
372:
370:
348:
285:Becton Dickinson
214:demonstrations.
29:
22:
18:
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2708:
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2655:Solvent cabinet
2614:
2585:Eyewash station
2568:
2533:
2531:equipment (PPE)
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2518:
2499:
2478:
2447:
2391:
2382:Pulse generator
2348:Control devices
2339:
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2248:Thermochemistry
2242:
2219:
2159:
2138:
2107:
2064:
2030:Conical measure
2013:
1982:
1919:
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1865:
1849:
1819:
1798:
1779:Test tube brush
1689:
1674:Picotiter plate
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1619:Lab drying rack
1578:Extension clamp
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984:Test tube brush
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901:
824:
806:, DNA studies,
800:(anticoagulant)
773:(anticoagulant)
657:
554:(anticoagulant)
428:("light blue")
342:testing. Small
296:
238:
131:
111:
109:Types and usage
67:Centrifuge tube
65:
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32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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2650:Safety cabinet
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2642:
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2616:
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2610:Safety goggles
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2605:Safety glasses
2602:
2600:Nitrile gloves
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2595:Medical gloves
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2490:Alligator clip
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2464:Soldering iron
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2408:Logic analyzer
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1584:Funnel support
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1456:Vacuum dry box
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1418:Heating mantle
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1403:Alcohol burner
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857:Sodium Citrate
853:
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829:
822:
819:Separating gel
816:
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811:
801:
792:
788:
787:
776:
775:
774:
768:
748:
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743:
736:
722:
718:
717:
711:
697:
690:
689:
678:cross-matching
669:
655:
651:
647:
646:
636:flow cytometry
615:
599:
595:
594:
586:
574:
570:
569:
555:
546:
542:
541:
532:
525:Clot activator
522:
518:
517:
501:
494:Clot activator
491:
487:
486:
473:
468:
464:
463:
445:
430:
423:
422:
411:
409:microorganisms
392:
383:
382:
379:
376:
332:sodium citrate
320:synovial fluid
295:
292:
266:culture medium
262:plant cuttings
237:
234:
185:alcohol burner
130:
127:
110:
107:
70:
69:
56:
52:
51:
46:
42:
41:
38:
34:
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30:
15:
9:
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2:
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2578:
2577:
2575:
2571:
2565:
2564:Safety shower
2562:
2560:
2557:
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2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2532:
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2521:
2514:
2510:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2487:
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2481:
2475:
2474:Wire stripper
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
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2456:
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2304:Spiral plater
2302:
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2297:
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2279:
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2193:
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2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2168:Compositional
2166:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2149:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
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2110:
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1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:Balance brush
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1692:
1686:Weighing dish
1685:
1683:Weighing boat
1682:
1680:
1677:
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1672:
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1667:
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1662:
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1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1574:Burette clamp
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1541:
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1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1408:Bunsen burner
1406:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1385:
1381:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1359:
1354:
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1347:
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1340:
1339:
1336:
1325:
1324:
1316:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1284:
1278:
1274:
1273:
1265:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1234:
1220:
1213:
1207:
1193:
1189:
1183:
1175:
1168:
1162:
1154:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1135:
1127:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1108:
1101:
1096:
1090:. 1287 pages.
1089:
1085:
1081:
1080:3-11-010661-2
1077:
1073:
1067:
1052:
1045:
1039:
1031:
1024:
1017:
1012:
1008:
996:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
976:
970:
968:
963:
961:
950:
944:Ignition tube
941:
939:
933:
931:
930:Bunsen burner
916:
914:
910:
906:
892:
891:
887:
885:
882:
881:
877:
875:
871:
870:
867:
864:
861:
859:
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850:
847:
843:
839:
835:
834:
830:
828:
820:
817:
814:
813:
809:
805:
804:Tissue typing
802:
799:
797:
793:
790:
789:
786:
782:
781:
777:
772:
769:
766:
762:
761:
756:
755:
754:
753:
749:
746:
745:
742:
741:
737:
734:
733:anticoagulant
730:
726:
723:
720:
719:
716:
712:
709:
708:anticoagulant
705:
701:
698:
696:
692:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
674:
670:
667:
666:anticoagulant
663:
659:
652:
649:
648:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
620:
616:
613:
612:anticoagulant
609:
605:
604:
600:
597:
596:
592:
591:
587:
585:
581:
580:
575:
572:
571:
568:
564:
560:
556:
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552:
547:
544:
543:
539:
538:
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530:
526:
523:
520:
519:
515:
511:
507:
506:
502:
499:
495:
492:
489:
488:
485:
484:cryoglobulins
481:
477:
474:
472:
469:
466:
465:
461:
460:thrombin time
457:
453:
449:
446:
444:
442:
441:anticoagulant
437:
436:
431:
429:
425:
424:
420:
416:
412:
410:
406:
405:
400:
399:anticoagulant
396:
393:
390:
389:
388:Blood culture
385:
384:
380:
377:
374:
373:
369:
364:
360:
356:
352:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
324:blue-top tube
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
291:
288:
286:
282:
278:
277:polypropylene
274:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
231:
226:
222:
220:
215:
213:
209:
205:
200:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
181:Bunsen burner
177:
176:environment.
174:
169:
167:
163:
159:
155:
150:
146:
144:
140:
136:
123:
119:
118:Louis Lumière
115:
106:
104:
99:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
68:
64:
60:
57:
55:Related items
53:
50:
47:
43:
39:
35:
28:
23:
2635:Fire blanket
2573:Eye and hand
2559:Rubber apron
2423:Oscilloscope
2387:Potentiostat
2314:Plate reader
2210:pH indicator
2180:CHN analyzer
2175:AutoAnalyzer
2092:
1968:Round-bottom
1861:Boston round
1724:Filter paper
1679:Refrigerator
1596:Retort stand
1564:Clamp holder
1560:Beaker clamp
1526:Vortex mixer
1521:Stirring rod
1516:Static mixer
1446:Teclu burner
1322:
1315:
1304:. Retrieved
1300:
1291:
1271:
1264:
1250:(1): 145–8.
1247:
1243:
1233:
1222:. Retrieved
1218:
1206:
1195:. Retrieved
1191:
1182:
1176:. June 2019.
1173:
1161:
1141:
1134:
1114:
1107:
1095:
1071:
1066:
1054:. Retrieved
1038:
1029:
1023:
1011:
964:
956:
934:
927:
924:Boiling tube
905:flower vases
902:
890:Tuberculosis
888:
883:
878:
873:
872:QuantiFERON
855:
831:
826:
818:
794:
778:
759:
751:
750:
738:
724:
699:
694:
673:Blood typing
671:
653:
617:
601:
588:
583:
577:
573:Light green
549:
535:
528:
524:
503:
497:
493:
475:
470:
447:
438:
434:
427:
417:and one for
404:growth media
402:
394:
386:
359:venipuncture
354:
326:is a 5
323:
297:
289:
270:
239:
216:
212:electrolysis
201:
197:boiling tube
178:
170:
162:ground glass
151:
147:
139:fused quartz
132:
100:
83:
80:culture tube
79:
75:
73:
63:Boiling tube
40:Culture tube
2623:Other items
2549:Face shield
2396:Measurement
2377:Galvanostat
2337:Electronics
2287:Other items
2273:Thermometer
2256:Calorimeter
2185:Colorimeter
2129:Gas syringe
2112:Other items
2040:Eye dropper
1915:Watch glass
1900:Evaporating
1879:Cold finger
1694:Other items
1600:Screw clamp
1592:Pinch clamp
1581:Flask clamp
1531:Wash bottle
1486:Homogenizer
880:QuantiFERON
783:, lactate,
725:Sodium EDTA
693:Royal blue
688:viral load
682:Coombs test
644:cyclosporin
632:Coombs test
619:Whole blood
545:Dark green
471:No additive
355:sample tube
336:coagulation
300:vacutainers
273:polystyrene
236:Biosciences
230:blood tests
84:sample tube
37:Other names
2698:Containers
2687:Categories
2554:Respirator
2495:Test probe
2413:Multimeter
2225:Microscopy
2045:Eudiometer
2009:Separatory
1978:Volumetric
1943:Erlenmeyer
1871:Condensers
1835:Dean–Stark
1784:Wire brush
1744:Microscope
1739:Centrifuge
1714:Cork borer
1669:Petri dish
1644:Agar plate
1631:Containers
1614:Wire gauze
1451:Water bath
1413:Desiccator
1306:2024-01-24
1224:2023-06-15
1197:2020-09-10
1003:References
899:Other uses
863:Paediatric
842:toxoplasma
838:adenovirus
785:toxicology
767:inhibitor)
765:glycolysis
715:toxicology
640:tacrolimus
467:Plain red
458:(PTT) and
363:phlebotomy
357:types for
351:Vacutainer
248:, such as
210:, e.g. in
122:microscope
59:Vacutainer
2645:Fume hood
2590:Glove box
2443:Voltmeter
1828:Apparatus
1817:Glassware
1706:Autoclave
1701:Aspirator
1654:Incubator
1588:Iron ring
1511:Sonicator
1481:Chemostat
1423:Hot plate
810:cultures
695:("navy")
680:, direct
510:hepatitis
454:(PT) and
258:seedlings
246:organisms
164:or white
158:screw cap
129:Chemistry
94:or clear
76:test tube
20:Test tube
2544:Lab coat
2469:Tweezers
2459:Heat gun
2215:pH meter
2124:Bell jar
2004:Dropping
1958:Florence
1948:Fernbach
1910:Syracuse
1769:Scoopula
1719:Crucible
1428:Lab oven
1056:14 March
973:See also
919:Variants
760:fluoride
729:chelator
704:chelator
662:chelator
608:chelator
576:Lithium
561:typing,
450:such as
378:Additive
306:such as
268:inside.
254:bacteria
173:chemists
2483:General
2403:Ammeter
2103:Thistle
2060:Pipette
2035:Cuvette
2025:Burette
1994:BĂĽchner
1987:Funnels
1973:Schlenk
1953:Fleaker
1933:BĂĽchner
1854:Bottles
1774:Spatula
1764:Stopper
1734:Forceps
1634:Storage
1551:Holders
1471:Shakers
1442:Striker
1390:Heaters
1377:General
1256:1644639
938:bumping
791:Yellow
780:Glucose
758:Sodium
579:heparin
567:lactate
563:ammonia
551:heparin
548:Sodium
540:(RST).
521:Orange
435:citrate
433:Sodium
365:
242:biology
219:stopper
143:Celsius
120:with a
96:plastic
2517:Safety
2119:Beaker
2098:Thiele
2083:Cragie
2078:Drying
1999:Hirsch
1963:Retort
1925:Flasks
1893:Dishes
1884:Liebig
1845:Kipp's
1759:Splint
1569:Tripod
1547:Clamps
1543:Stands
1506:Shaker
1468:Mixers
1393:Dryers
1279:
1254:
1149:
1122:
1086:
1078:
953:right.
913:spices
852:Black
821:and (K
590:Plasma
534:Rapid
401:) and
391:bottle
318:, and
204:beaker
2452:Tools
2070:Tubes
1905:Petri
1215:(PDF)
1170:(PDF)
1047:(PDF)
909:shots
846:HHV-6
747:Gray
650:Pink
476:Serum
426:Blue
344:vials
312:urine
308:blood
279:) by
250:molds
208:gases
193:tongs
189:clamp
166:glaze
156:or a
103:racks
92:glass
2134:Vial
2093:Test
1729:File
1433:Kiln
1277:ISBN
1252:PMID
1147:ISBN
1120:ISBN
1084:ISBN
1076:ISBN
1058:2016
967:char
844:and
836:for
827:EDTA
740:Lead
721:Tan
700:EDTA
676:and
658:EDTA
642:and
603:EDTA
527:and
512:and
496:and
407:for
368:edit
338:and
45:Uses
1248:201
866:ESR
833:PCR
808:HIV
686:HIV
628:ESR
624:CBC
559:HLA
531:gel
514:HIV
500:gel
443:)
316:pus
275:or
191:or
183:or
137:or
82:or
2689::
1299:.
1246:.
1242:.
1217:.
1190:.
1172:.
1082:,
1049:.
962:.
940:.
840:,
731:/
706:/
684:,
664:/
630:,
626:,
622::
610:/
565:,
516:.
482:,
478::
421:.
328:ml
314:,
310:,
287:.
260:,
256:,
252:,
145:.
105:.
74:A
1357:e
1350:t
1343:v
1309:.
1285:.
1258:.
1227:.
1200:.
1155:.
1128:.
1060:.
825:)
823:2
798:A
763:(
735:)
727:(
710:)
702:(
668:)
660:(
656:2
654:K
614:)
606:(
397:(
361:/
353:/
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
