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187:
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embattled society without "social cohesion" is represented by the avarice of the "dragon jealously guarding its gold hoard",and the elegy for
Beowulf becomes an elegy for the entire culture. The dragon's hoard is representative of a people lost and antique, which is juxtaposed against the Geatish people, whose history is new and fleeting. As king of his people, Beowulf defends them against the dragon, and when his thanes desert him, the poem shows the disintegration of a "heroic society" which "depends upon the honouring of mutual obligations between lord and thane".
33:
173:. Fifty years pass with Beowulf in charge, when a local dragon is angered when a slave enters its lair and takes a cup from its treasure. The creature attacks the neighboring towns in revenge. Beowulf and a troop of men leave to find the dragon's lair. Beowulf tells his men to stay outside, that this fight is his alone, but the dragon proves strong and mortally wounds Beowulf. Meanwhile, his kinsman
490:
628:
noted that the dragon and
Grendel are "constantly referred to in language which is meant to recall the powers of darkness which Christian men felt themselves to be encompassed. They are 'inmates of hell', 'adversaries of God', 'offspring of Cain', 'enemies of mankind'....And so Beowulf, for all that
567:
should be seen as having some degree of historical accuracy despite the presence of a dragon in it; he argues that "Tales of dragons as well as a belief in dragons survived till recent times, and the popular mind is apt to accept with credulity stories of water-monsters. The stories, moreover, are
506:
foreshadows
Beowulf's death and elegy to come. Before he faces the dragon, Beowulf thinks of his past: his childhood and wars the Geats endured during that period, foreshadowing the future. At his death, peace in his lands will end, and his people will again suffer a period of war and hardship. An
148:
The dragon fight, near the end of the poem, is foreshadowed in earlier scenes. The fight with the dragon symbolizes
Beowulf's stand against evil and destruction, and, as the hero, he knows that failure will bring destruction to his people after many years of peace. The dragon itself acts as a mock
510:
Wiglaf remains loyal to his king and stays to confront the dragon. The parallel in the story lies with the similarity to
Beowulf's hero Sigemund and his companion: Wiglaf is a younger companion to Beowulf and, in his courage, shows himself to be Beowulf's successor. The presence of a companion is
555:" that Beowulf's fight with the dragon receives much critical attention, but that commentators fail to note that "the dragon was no fighter. Not that it refused to fight when challenged, but that it did not seek out Beowulf or anyone else. It left Beowulf to do the seeking out". In his 1935 work
519:
The dragon battle is structured in thirds: the preparation for the battle, the events prior to the battle, and the battle itself. Wiglaf kills the dragon halfway through the scene, Beowulf's death occurs "after two-thirds" of the scene, and the dragon attacks
Beowulf three times. Ultimately, as
177:
scolds the other members of the troop for not going in to help, before coming to
Beowulf's aid. He cuts the dragon in the belly to reduce the flames, and Beowulf deals the fatal blow. In his death-speech, Beowulf nominates Wiglaf as his heir and asks for a monument to be built for him on the
303:
to be one of only two real dragons in northern
European literature, writing of it, "dragons, real dragons, essential both to the machinery and the ideas of a poem or tale, are actually rare. In northern literature there are only two that are significant ... we have but the dragon of the
88:
and rules wisely for fifty years until a slave awakens and angers a dragon by stealing a jewelled cup from its lair. When the angry dragon mercilessly burns the Geats' homes (including
Beowulf's) and lands, Beowulf decides to fight and kill the monster personally. He and his
515:
poet breaks hagiographic tradition with the hero's suffering (hacking, burning, stabbing) and subsequent death. Moreover, the dragon is vanquished through Wiglaf's actions: although
Beowulf dies fighting the dragon, the dragon dies at the hand of the companion.
485:
scholar Alexander writes that the dragon fight likely signifies Beowulf's (and by extension, society's) battle against evil. The people's fate depend on the outcome of the fight between the hero and the dragon, and, as a hero, Beowulf must knowingly face death.
461:. The dragon, therefore, is a stark contrast to the other two antagonists. Moreover, the dragon is more overtly destructive. He burns vast amounts of territory and the homes of the Geats: "the dragon began to belch out flames / and burn bright homesteads".
501:
Beowulf's eventual death from the dragon presages "warfare, death, and darkness" for his Geats. The dragon's hoard symbolizes the vestige of an older society, now lost to wars and famine, left behind by a survivor of that period. His imagined
288:
s dragon scene. Beowulf is a hero who previously killed two monsters. The scene includes extended flashbacks to the Geatish-Swedish wars, a detailed description of the dragon and the dragon-hoard, and ends with intricate funerary imagery.
468:
or recklessness. In contrast with the previous battles, the fight with the dragon occurs in Beowulf's kingdom and ends in defeat, whereas Beowulf fought the other monsters victoriously in a land distant from his home. The dragon fight is
547:" that the fight between Beowulf and the dragon tends to receive less critical attention than other portions of the poem, commenting that "Grendel and his dam have, as it were, become more beloved of the commentators". Conversely,
280:
preserves existing medieval dragon-lore, most notably in the extended digression recounting the Sigurd/Fafnir tale. Nonetheless, comparative contemporary narratives did not have the complexity and distinctive elements written into
704:
poet added the figure of the dragon to "the pot...that is ladled out of by most modern fantasy writers"; they argued that both numerous works with villainous dragons, as well as literature with benign dragons like the
663:
wisdom refined in the crucible of experience", that is there is already a "beyond-the-grave aspect" to his resoluteness. As Beowulf dies from his fight with the dragon, despite defeating it, James Parker of
429:
A study of German and Norse texts reveals three typical narratives for the dragonslayer: a fight for the treasure, a battle to save the slayer's people, or a fight to free a woman. The characteristics of
149:"gold-king"; one who sees attacking Beowulf's kingdom as suitable retribution for the theft of just a single cup. The scene is structured in thirds, ending with the deaths of the dragon and Beowulf.
437:
s dragon appear to be specific to the poem, and the poet may have melded together dragon motifs to create a dragon with specific traits that weave together the complicated plot of the narrative.
645:
does not lack for commentators to defend the literary merit of the dragon episode". Adrien Bonjour opined in 1953 that the dragon's "ultimate significance in the poem" remains a "mystery".
453:: " had long lived in the land of monsters / since the creator cast them out / as the kindred of Cain" and seem to be humanoid: in the poet's rendition they can be seen as giants,
776:; in each case, the dragon awakens upon the hoard being disturbed by one stealing a chalice and goes into a wrathful rampage until slain by another person. Aia Hussein of the
629:
he moves in the world of the primitive Heroic Age of the Germans, nevertheless is almost a Christian knight". Tolkien is here quoting a passage from R. W. Chambers's essay "
263:, similarities exist in the stories such as presenting the journey to the dragon's lair, cowering spectators, and the sending of messages relaying the outcome of the fight.
266:
The dragon with his hoard is a common motif in early Germanic literature with the story existing to varying extents in the Norse sagas, but it is most notable in the
1871:
805:, the dragon is Grendel's younger half-brother as he's the son of the latter's mother and Beowulf whom he ironically ends up killing in the end of the movie.
641:
Peter Gainsford noted in the article "The Deaths of Beowulf and Odysseus: Narrative Time and Mythological Tale Types" that "In the twenty-first century
97:
to battle at Beowulf's side. When the dragon wounds Beowulf fatally, Wiglaf attacks it with his sword, and Beowulf kills it with his dagger.
2131:
587:
criticized the inclusion of Beowulf's fight with the dragon and his subsequent death in the poem, writing "It is as if to the end of the
732:
turned the "notion of having a monstrous evil (and not mere human foes) as the enemy" into "a hallmark of modern fantasy" present in
568:
often attached to real persons and localized precisely in time and place. The habit is so well known that examples are superfluous".
100:
This depiction indicates the growing importance and stabilization of the modern concept of the dragon within European mythology.
449:
differs from the first two. In Beowulf's two earlier battles, Grendel and Grendel's mother are characterized as descendants of
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526:(1936), the death by dragon "is the right end for Beowulf," for he claims, "a man can but die upon his death-day".
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featured dragons and dragon fights. Although the dragons of hagiography were less fierce than the dragon in
1542:
339:, while Tolkien uses the dragon motif (and the dragon's love for treasure) to trigger a chain of events in
598:
2389:
1967:
1498:
Bonjour, Adrien (March 1953). "Monsters Crouching and Critics Rampant: Or the Beowulf Dragon Debated".
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literature to feature a dragon, and it is possible that the poet had access to similar stories from
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s dragon acts like "the typical dragon of Old English proverbial lore" because he guards treasure.
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Beowulf: An Introduction to the Study of the Poem with a Discussion of the Stories of Offa and Finn
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climb to the dragon's lair where, upon seeing the beast, the thanes flee in terror, leaving only
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poet emphasizes the monsters Beowulf fights in the poem and claims the dragon is as much of a
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and the first to present a dragon slayer. The legend of the dragon-slayer already existed in
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Wiglaf is the single warrior to return and witness the death of the hero. Illustration by
418:, and identified with the devil. Job's dragon would have been accessible to the author of
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1777:"The Dragon-Lore of Middle-earth: Tolkien and Old English and Old Norse Tradition"
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was influenced by the confrontation between the dragon and the title character in
268:
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Beowulf's fight with the dragon has been described variously as an act of either
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poem. Within the plot structure, however, the dragon functions differently in
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659:, suggests that Beowulf's attitude towards fighting the dragon reflects his "
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symbol of evil, the "great monstrous adversary of God, man and beast alike."
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s dragon. Dickerson and O'Hara further elaborated that through its dragon,
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142:
105:
674:, and no redemption kill the dragon—but the dragon will get you anyway".
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that "unlike Grendel and his mother, is less a monster than a symbol."
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there had been added some later books telling in full of the old age of
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407:
341:
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poet incorporates motifs and themes common to dragon-lore in the poem.
228:
137:
2323:
2077:
2013:
1519:
1309:
823:. "The Structural Unity of Beowulf: The Problem of Grendel's Mother".
2018:
584:
395:, treasure-hoarding, inquisitive, vengeful, fire-breathing creature.
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dragon in his own fiction, which indicates the lasting impact of the
40:
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J.R.R. Tolkien and his literary resonances: views of Middle-earth
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poet was the first to combine features and present a distinctive
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56:
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1043:"Cain's monstrous progeny in Beowulf: part I, Noachic tradition"
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Lawrence, William Witherle (1918). "The Dragon and His Lair in
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255:. Secular Germanic literature and the literature of Christian
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477:'s funeral and Sigmund's death by dragon, as recounted by a
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dragon is the earliest example in literature of the typical
1991:
478:
1900:
1627:
From Homer to Harry Potter: A Handbook on Myth and Fantasy
694:
From Homer to Harry Potter: A Handbook on Myth and Fantasy
312:, and Beowulf's bane." Furthermore, Tolkien believes the
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is the first piece of English literature to present a
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876:
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and first incidence of a fire-breathing dragon. The
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Beowulf and some fictions of the Geatish succession
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944:Brown, Alan K. (1980). "The firedrake in Beowulf".
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398:The fire is likely symbolic of the hellfire of the
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597:, far from the sea, and his death at the hands of
543:argued in his article "The Dragon and His Lair in
859:
511:seen as a motif in other dragon stories, but the
335:than in Tolkien's fiction. The dragon fight ends
2341:
1750:
1469:Interpretations of Beowulf: A Critical Anthology
1220:
1181:
1169:
1157:
1145:
1133:
1097:
383:(reptile, or serpent), and as a creature with a
1842:Beowulf and the Dragon: Parallels and Analogues
391:poet created a dragon with specific traits: a
43:, the dragon, shown in a 1908 illustration by
1916:
1437:. Museum Tusculanum Press. pp. 247–248.
1337:The Journal of English and Germanic Philology
1779:. In Clark, George; Timmons, Daniel (eds.).
939:
937:
837:
835:
833:
1923:
1909:
1331:Malone, Kemp (July 1928). "The Kenning in
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670:writes that "There is no transcendence in
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141:(1937), one of the forerunners of modern
68:, the third monster he encounters in the
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31:
1872:"Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics"
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2178:Beowulf: A Translation and Commentary
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1674:National Endowment for the Humanities
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778:National Endowment for the Humanities
621:Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics
614:Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics
529:
523:Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics
169:returns home and becomes king of the
1464:
952:(3). Springer Netherlands: 439–460.
402:, reminiscent of the monster in the
223:is the oldest extant heroic poem in
787:Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire
780:has written that the fight between
348:
247:is the earliest surviving piece of
129:dragon was adapted for Middle-earth
114:motifs common to Germanic tradition
24:
1754:(1999). O'Donohue, Heather (ed.).
1421:
633:and the 'Heroic Age' in England."
201:, from his 1911 illustrations for
25:
2406:
1896:
1391:Chambers, Raymond Wilson (1921).
534:
414:'s monster is characterized as a
2164:Beowulf: A New Verse Translation
2130:
1876:Sir Israel Gollancz Lecture 1936
1813:Beowulf: A New Verse Translation
1736:. University of Nebraska Press.
700:and David O'Hara argue that the
636:
320:as anything. Tolkien expands on
1757:Beowulf: The fight at Finnsburh
1661:
1613:
1585:
1526:
1491:
1458:
1434:Classica et Mediaevalia vol. 63
1384:
1355:
1324:
1277:
1226:
1035:
557:Beowulf and the Seventh Century
2188:: The Monsters and the Critics
1592:Acocella, Joan (2 June 2014).
814:
784:and the Hungarian Horntail in
112:dragon exhibits many existing
84:, Beowulf becomes king of the
13:
1:
1670:"Old English, New Influences"
1668:Hussein, Aia (14 June 2011).
808:
440:
181:
2385:Germanic legendary creatures
1704:Beowulf: a verse translation
1564:Parker, James (April 2017).
1543:The New York Review of Books
1465:Fulk, Robert Dennis (1991).
607:The Monsters and the Critics
27:Dragon from the Beowulf poem
7:
1930:
1760:. Oxford University Press.
157:After his battles against
10:
2411:
1690:
1401:Cambridge University Press
1050:Cambridge University Press
611:
551:writes in "The Kenning in
352:
2283:
2232:
2139:
2128:
1963:
1940:
1839:Rauer, Christine (2003).
1775:Evans, Jonathan (2003) .
1362:George, Jodi-Ann (2010).
1048:(1979), 8 : 143–162
763:used the dragon story of
687:
541:William Witherle Lawrence
371:dragon is described with
299:considered the dragon in
1724:"The Hero and the Theme"
1623:; O'Hara, David (2006).
1475:Indiana University Press
827:, vol. 22. 1999. p. 290.
214:The Twilight of the Gods
152:
2375:Fire-breathing monsters
2195:Beowulf and the Critics
1752:Crossley-Holland, Kevin
1726:. In Bjork, Robert E.;
1722:Clark, George (2003) .
654:a major translation of
570:Raymond Wilson Chambers
2365:English heroic legends
1431:Hinge, George (1921).
498:
217:
47:
2350:Characters in Beowulf
1845:. Cambridge: Brewer.
1236:by Frederick M. Biggs
1221:Crossley-Holland 1999
1182:Crossley-Holland 1999
1170:Crossley-Holland 1999
1158:Crossley-Holland 1999
1146:Crossley-Holland 1999
1134:Crossley-Holland 1999
1098:Crossley-Holland 1999
821:Nitzsche, Jane Chance
721:, were influenced by
492:
473:with earlier events:
445:The third act of the
189:
122:fire-breathing dragon
72:. On his return from
50:The final act of the
35:
2355:Anglo-Saxon paganism
2296:Anglo-Saxon paganism
2153:List of translations
1870:(25 November 1936).
1635:. pp. 124–125.
1124:, pp. xxx–xxxv.
1112:, pp. xxiv–xxv.
618:In his 1936 lecture
481:in Hrothgar's hall.
231:such as the tale of
18:The Dragon (Beowulf)
2301:Battle of Finnsburg
2245:Michael D. C. Drout
1785:. Greenwood Press.
1707:. London: Penguin.
1536:(4 November 1999).
1046:Anglo-Saxon England
1950:Alliterative verse
1882:on 3 November 2009
1733:A Beowulf Handbook
1699:Alexander, Michael
1621:Dickerson, Matthew
1594:"Slaying Monsters"
1566:"Beowulf Is Back!"
1041:Mellinkoff, Ruth.
981:, pp. 32, 63.
958:10.1007/BF01513838
768:as a template for
708:My Father's Dragon
530:Critical reception
520:Tolkien writes in
499:
218:
76:, where he killed
48:
2390:Literary villains
2337:
2336:
1868:Tolkien, J. R. R.
1824:978-0-393-32097-8
1767:978-0-19-283320-4
1743:978-0-8032-6150-1
1714:978-0-14-044931-0
1538:"A New 'Beowulf'"
1076:, pp. 74–75.
803:2007 film version
761:J. R. R. Tolkien
756:Stephen Donaldson
742:Ursula K. Le Guin
698:Matthew Dickerson
16:(Redirected from
2402:
2395:Medieval legends
2370:European dragons
2360:English folklore
2309:and Middle-Earth
2240:Nora K. Chadwick
2221:Finn and Hengest
2209:
2172:J. R. R. Tolkien
2134:
2115:Grendel's mother
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1878:. Archived from
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1223:, p. xviii.
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844:, pp. 25–26
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825:Poetry Criticism
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626:J. R. R. Tolkien
582:
436:
387:bite. Also, the
349:Characterization
326:
297:J. R. R. Tolkien
287:
163:Grendel's mother
133:J. R. R. Tolkien
82:Grendel's mother
64:'s fight with a
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2260:Leonard Neidorf
2228:
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2202:On Translating
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1416:typical dragon.
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1215:
1211:, p. xxxvi
1207:
1200:
1192:
1188:
1184:, p. xxvi.
1180:
1176:
1168:
1164:
1160:, p. xvii.
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831:
819:
815:
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751:Thomas Covenant
748:books, and the
725:
690:
639:
616:
610:
605:Tolkien, 1936:
580:
537:
532:
443:
434:
365:European dragon
357:
355:Germanic dragon
351:
324:
285:
253:Germanic legend
184:
155:
108:. Although the
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1897:External links
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1807:Heaney, Seamus
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1641:
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1584:
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1534:Heaney, Seamus
1525:
1512:10.2307/459922
1506:(1): 304–312.
1490:
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1477:. p. 25.
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1377:978-1137098016
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1343:(3): 318–324.
1323:
1302:10.2307/456981
1296:(4): 547–583.
1276:
1264:
1262:, p. xxv.
1260:Alexander 2003
1252:
1240:
1225:
1213:
1209:Alexander 2003
1198:
1196:, p. 289.
1186:
1174:
1172:, p. xix.
1162:
1150:
1148:, p. xvi.
1138:
1136:, p. vii.
1126:
1122:Alexander 2003
1114:
1110:Alexander 2003
1102:
1100:, p. xiv.
1090:
1078:
1066:
1064:, p. 157.
1054:
1034:
1030:Alexander 2003
1022:
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998:
983:
971:
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921:
909:
897:
885:
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858:
856:, p. 135.
846:
829:
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719:Anne McCaffrey
711:books and the
689:
686:
681:The New Yorker
638:
635:
612:Main article:
609:
603:
561:Ritchie Girvan
536:
535:Before Tolkien
533:
531:
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442:
439:
379:(dragon), and
375:terms such as
350:
347:
203:Richard Wagner
199:Arthur Rackham
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2015:
2012:
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1792:0-313-30845-4
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1658:, p. 31.
1657:
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1577:September 17,
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1484:9781587431333
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1471:
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1450:September 18,
1446:
1444:9788763540643
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1417:
1410:September 18,
1406:
1402:
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1397:
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1370:. Macmillan.
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1327:
1319:
1315:
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1299:
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1291:
1287:
1280:
1274:, p. 14.
1273:
1268:
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1250:, p. 31.
1249:
1244:
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1094:
1088:, p. 43.
1087:
1082:
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1058:
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1047:
1044:
1038:
1031:
1026:
1020:, p. 28.
1019:
1014:
1008:, p. 52.
1007:
1002:
995:
990:
988:
980:
975:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
946:Neophilologus
940:
938:
931:, p. 30.
930:
925:
918:
913:
907:, p. 32.
906:
901:
895:, p. 29.
894:
889:
883:, p. 74.
882:
877:
875:
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862:
855:
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843:
838:
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826:
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792:J. K. Rowling
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695:
685:
683:
682:
677:
676:Joan Acocella
673:
669:
668:
662:
658:
657:
651:
650:Seamus Heaney
646:
644:
637:After Tolkien
634:
632:
627:
623:
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517:
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495:J. R. Skelton
491:
487:
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475:Scyld Shefing
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269:Völsunga saga
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45:J. R. Skelton
42:
38:
34:
30:
19:
2329:Nowell Codex
2306:
2219:
2214:Sellic Spell
2203:
2193:
2185:
2176:
2162:
2143:
2119:
2073:Waegmundings
1931:
1884:. Retrieved
1880:the original
1875:
1856:. Retrieved
1841:
1828:. Retrieved
1812:
1796:. Retrieved
1781:
1756:
1732:
1703:
1679:17 September
1677:. Retrieved
1663:
1651:
1633:Brazos Press
1628:
1625:
1615:
1605:17 September
1603:. Retrieved
1597:
1587:
1575:. Retrieved
1571:The Atlantic
1569:
1559:
1549:17 September
1547:. Retrieved
1541:
1528:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1470:
1467:
1460:
1448:. Retrieved
1433:
1415:
1408:. Retrieved
1396:
1393:
1386:
1367:
1364:
1357:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1326:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1279:
1272:Tolkien 1936
1267:
1255:
1243:
1233:
1228:
1216:
1189:
1177:
1165:
1153:
1141:
1129:
1117:
1105:
1093:
1081:
1069:
1057:
1045:
1037:
1032:, p. 6.
1025:
1013:
1001:
996:, p. 35
974:
949:
945:
924:
919:, p. 4.
917:Tolkien 1936
912:
900:
888:
868:, p. 4.
861:
849:
824:
816:
800:
795:
785:
782:Harry Potter
773:
764:
760:
749:
729:
722:
712:
706:
701:
693:
691:
679:
671:
667:The Atlantic
665:
655:
652:, author of
647:
642:
640:
630:
619:
617:
606:
588:
577:
576:, says that
573:
564:
563:writes that
556:
552:
544:
538:
521:
518:
512:
509:
500:
482:
471:foreshadowed
463:
444:
431:
428:
419:
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388:
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358:
340:
336:
332:
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291:
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277:
273:
267:
265:
260:
244:
240:
220:
219:
212:
206:
156:
147:
143:high fantasy
136:
126:
117:
109:
106:dragonslayer
101:
99:
55:
49:
39:battles his
29:
2291:Adaptations
2275:Tom Shippey
2141:Translating
1945:Old English
1062:Heaney 2001
734:C. S. Lewis
549:Kemp Malone
404:Book of Job
373:Old English
318:plot device
257:hagiography
249:Anglo-Saxon
229:Norse sagas
178:shoreline.
52:Anglo-Saxon
2344:Categories
2120:The Dragon
2100:Wealhtheow
2066:Ongentheow
1968:characters
1817:. Norton.
1798:2010-05-18
1656:Clark 2003
1403:. p.
1248:Rauer 2003
1194:Clark 2003
1086:Clark 2003
1074:Rauer 2003
1018:Evans 2003
1006:Rauer 2003
994:Rauer 2003
979:Rauer 2003
929:Evans 2003
905:Rauer 2003
893:Evans 2003
881:Rauer 2003
866:Rauer 2003
854:Rauer 2003
842:Evans 2003
809:References
790:(2000) by
774:The Hobbit
754:series by
717:series by
678:states in
441:Importance
408:Septuagint
353:See also:
342:The Hobbit
239:, and the
182:Background
138:The Hobbit
2106:Monsters
2041:Scylfings
2019:Healfdene
2009:Scyldings
1701:(2003) .
1318:163605211
966:162080723
648:The poet
599:Telegonus
585:W. P. Ker
572:, in his
539:In 1918,
424:Christian
406:. In the
393:nocturnal
208:Siegfried
60:includes
2319:Hrunting
2233:Scholars
2095:Wulfings
2083:Weohstan
2024:Heorogar
2004:Hundings
1987:Heardred
1809:(2001).
1730:(eds.).
1349:27703161
746:Earthsea
661:chthonic
595:Odysseus
466:altruism
459:monsters
385:venomous
306:Völsungs
295:scholar
2324:Nægling
2307:Beowulf
2284:Related
2204:Beowulf
2186:Beowulf
2144:Beowulf
2110:Grendel
2078:EcgĂľeow
2056:Ohthere
2051:Eanmund
2046:Eadgils
2029:HroĂ°gar
2014:Æschere
1997:Hygelac
1982:Beowulf
1955:Kenning
1933:Beowulf
1691:Sources
1395:Beowulf
1366:Beowulf
1333:Beowulf
1286:Beowulf
801:In the
796:Beowulf
765:Beowulf
740:books,
730:Beowulf
723:Beowulf
702:Beowulf
672:Beowulf
656:Beowulf
643:Beowulf
631:Beowulf
590:Odyssey
578:Beowulf
565:Beowulf
553:Beowulf
545:Beowulf
513:Beowulf
483:Beowulf
432:Beowulf
422:, as a
420:Beowulf
389:Beowulf
369:Beowulf
361:Beowulf
337:Beowulf
333:Beowulf
329:Beowulf
322:Beowulf
314:Beowulf
301:Beowulf
293:Beowulf
283:Beowulf
278:Beowulf
274:Beowulf
272:and in
261:Beowulf
245:Beowulf
241:Beowulf
225:English
221:Beowulf
167:Beowulf
159:Grendel
127:Beowulf
118:Beowulf
110:Beowulf
102:Beowulf
78:Grendel
62:Beowulf
57:Beowulf
41:nemesis
37:Beowulf
2314:Heorot
2088:Wiglaf
2034:UnferĂ°
1886:19 May
1858:18 May
1849:
1830:19 May
1821:
1789:
1764:
1740:
1711:
1639:
1520:459922
1518:
1481:
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1310:456981
1308:
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738:Narnia
688:Legacy
497:, 1908
455:trolls
325:'s
310:Fáfnir
237:Fafnir
233:Sigurd
195:Fafnir
191:Sigurd
175:Wiglaf
124:. The
116:, the
95:Wiglaf
91:thanes
74:Heorot
66:dragon
2380:Geats
2061:Onela
1977:Geats
1964:Clans
1516:JSTOR
1345:JSTOR
1314:S2CID
1306:JSTOR
962:S2CID
770:Smaug
726:'
581:'
504:elegy
457:, or
435:'
416:draco
400:devil
377:draca
286:'
171:Geats
153:Story
86:Geats
54:poem
1992:Hygd
1888:2010
1860:2010
1847:ISBN
1832:2010
1819:ISBN
1787:ISBN
1762:ISBN
1738:ISBN
1709:ISBN
1681:2017
1637:ISBN
1607:2017
1579:2017
1551:2017
1500:PMLA
1479:ISBN
1452:2017
1439:ISBN
1412:2017
1372:ISBN
1290:PMLA
714:Pern
479:bard
451:Cain
447:poem
381:wyrm
359:The
235:and
211:and
193:and
161:and
80:and
70:epic
1508:doi
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1298:doi
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601:".
412:Job
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