4035:
593:
Some scholars have argued that the Geats were subjugated by the Swedes, and have suggested various dates for such an event, from the 6th to the 9th centuries. Others have wanted to see a more gradual merging, and that the Geats were slowly subsumed into the more powerful kingdom of Sweden, and in many respects they maintained their own cultural identity during the Middle Ages. Still others have put emphasis on how it was individual rulers, not ethnic groups, who were driving the process towards a unified kingdom, and that the process was very complicated.
636:
3789:
29:
950:
853:), like the Norwegians and the Danes. Surprisingly, it would be the Geatish name that became the common term in the Swedish kingdom. This is possibly related to the fact that several of the medieval Swedish kings were of Geatish extraction and often resided primarily in Götaland. In VÀstergötland and Dalsland, there were also a higher-level division where one or more hÊrrad made up a
620:, a Geat, was elected king of the Swedes, and the Geats would be influential in the shaping of Sweden as a Christian kingdom. However, this election also ushered in a long period of civil unrest between Christians and pagans and between Geats and Swedes. The Geats tended to be more Christian, and the Swedes more pagan, which was why the Christian Swedish king
920:). The title "King of the Wends" was copied from the Danish title, while the Danish kings called themselves "Kings of the Gotlanders" (which, like "Geats", was translated into "Goths" in Latin). "Wends" is a term normally used to describe the Slavic peoples who inhabited large areas of modern east Germany and Pomerania. See further in the Knowledge articles
585:
independent nation and had been subsumed by the Swedes. Norwegian and
Icelandic scaldic sources from the 10th century however indicate that they were still politically independent, sometimes opposing Norwegian kings. It has been suggested that their absence from older sources is instead due to their being an inland people.
402:
407:
397:
732:
The distinction between Swedes and Geats lasted during the Middle Ages, but the Geats became increasingly important for
Swedish national claims of greatness due to the Geats' old connection with the Goths. They argued that since the Goths and the Geats were the same nation, and the Geats were part of
584:
Procopius and
Jordanes both mention the Geats, but after them, foreign sources about Scandinavia are scarce until the 9th century, when Anglo-Saxon and Frankish sources do shed some light on the area. In these, the Geats are absent, which has led some scholars to conclude that they were no longer an
592:
have been much debated among
Swedish scholars. The scarcity and sometimes debated veracity of sources has left much room open for interpretation. The oldest medieval Swedish sources present the Swedish kingdom as retaining differences between provinces, in laws as well as in weights and measures.
580:
According to
Procopius there were 13 "very numerous nations" on the Scandinavian peninsula in the 6th century, which is supported by recent archaeological analyses. Several scholars consider this to be a reasonable number of independent kingdoms at the time, with each consisting of one or more
571:
Any peace that eventually settled in southern
Scandinavia was most likely due to exhaustion, and a Danish archaeologist has summarized that in the mid-6th century, and after, Scandinavia "went down to hell". Scandinavian wares appear to have stopped arriving in England, c. 550, suggesting that
737:, 1434, during which the Swedish delegation argued with the Spanish about who among them were the true Goths. The Spaniards argued that it was better to be descended from the heroic Visigoths than from stay-at-homers. This cultural movement, which was not restricted to Sweden went by the name
302:.) The names could also allude to watercourses in the land where they were living, but this is not generally accepted to be the case, partly because that would mean that the names' similarity would be coincidental.
799:
At the same time, the
Swedish ancestors were often referred to as Geats, especially when their heroism or connection to the Goths was to be stressed. This practice disappeared during the 19th century, when the
1427:
There is a hypothesis that the Jutes also were Geats, and which was proposed by Pontus
Fahlbeck in 1884. According to this hypothesis the Geats would have not only resided in southern Sweden but also in
1686:
could refer to West-geats (VĂ€stergötland), East-geats (Ăstergötland) as well as weather-geats (Gotland), in accordance with
Jordanes account of the Scandinanian tribes Gautigoth, Ostrogoth and Vagoth.
869:
Today, the merger of the two nations is complete, as there is no longer any tangible identification in Götaland with a
Geatish identity, apart from the common tendency of residents of the
1900:
1184:. While some serious scholars have attempted to place more emphasis on the Geats in the early history of Sweden than was traditional, VÀstgötaskolan has never reached any acceptance.
1172:
The Götaland theory (Swedish "VÀstgötaskolan") is a disparate group of theories, which have attempted to prove that some events and even places that are traditionally placed around
816:, or districts, which had their own things (popular assemblies) and laws. The largest one of these districts was VÀstergötland (West Geatland), and it was in VÀstergötland that the
1601:, as they are called are supposed to have lived east of the Danes/Dacians and be separated from the Swedes by wide waters. Some researchers have found it a little far-fetched that
1153:, in Sweden, there is a sudden disappearance of villages during this period. Contemporary accounts beginning in the fourth century further associated these groups with the earlier
1176:, especially ones that are associated with the formation of medieval Sweden, instead should be located to VÀstergötland. The methods ranged from relatively scholarly efforts to
885:(East Geats), similarly to how residents of other provinces refer to themselves. The dialects spoken in those provinces and some surrounding areas are also collectively called
581:
tribes, as reported by Jordanes. However, by 1350, these 13 kingdoms had been reduced in number to only two, Norway and Sweden. The Geats were one of the largest tribes.
706:, who in 1125 was riding with his retinue in order to be accepted as king by the different provinces. According to material appended to the oldest manuscript of the
1761:
1641:
from the Swedes. The island lies east of Denmark/Dacia and whales were once common in the Baltic Sea where Gotland is situated. The name of the Gutes in Swedish,
1469:
referred to Jutes and he proposed that the Jutes originally also were Geats like those of southern Sweden. This theory was based on an Old English translation of
596:
Papal letters from the 1080s style the recipients as "king of the Swedes" or "king of the West Geats". In another papal letter from the 1160s, the title
1181:
1145:(bautastenar) appeared in what is now northern Poland in the 1st century AD, suggesting an influx of Scandinavians during the formation of the Gothic
1060:
It is a long-standing controversy whether the Goths were Geats. Both Old Icelandic and Old English literary sources clearly separate the Geats (Isl.
1621:
marks a people living at a windy, stormy coast by the sea. The Geats of VÀstergötland were historically an inland people, making an epithet such as
1682:
This theory does not exclude the ancient population of VĂ€stergötland and Ăstergötland from being Geats, but rather holds that the Anglo-Saxon name
1542:. Moreover, SchĂŒck pointed out that when Alfred the Great's translation mentions the Jutes for the second time (book IV, ch. 14(16)) it calls them
1656:
2289:
2081:
549:
2549:
4034:
1979:
1475:
2699:
1550:. Björkman proposed in 1908 that Alfred the Great's translation of Jutes as Geats was based on a confusion between the West Saxon form
733:
the kingdom of Sweden, this meant that the Swedes had defeated the Roman empire. The earliest attestation of this claim comes from the
32:
Geatish settlements during the 6th century, within the red lines. The green areas show the main areas of North Germanic settlement in
2523:
517:. C. 551, some decades after Hygelac's raid, Jordanes described the Geats as a nation which was "bold, and quick to engage in war".
3746:
3764:
1391:, which fits the historical position of the Geats between the Danes and the Swedes. Moreover, the story of Beowulf, who leaves
718:
1805:
1416:
4087:
4080:
2052:
770:
had been vague, both referring to the Swedish tribe and being a collective term including the Geats, and this is the case in
758:, the Swedes and the Geats appear to have begun to perceive themselves as one nation, which is reflected in the evolution of
2624:
935:
decided that his royal title should simply be "King of Sweden". The disappearance of the old title was his decision alone.
1783:
762:
into a common ethnonym. It was originally an adjective referring to those belonging to the Swedish tribe, who are called
600:
is first attested. The Swedish kings began the custom of styling themselves as also the kings of the Geats in the 1270s.
3825:
2845:
2220:
2179:
2138:
521:
103:
4066:
2807:
2659:
1836:
1794:
4262:
4257:
4055:
3769:
2977:
2574:
Oxenstierna, Graf E.C. : Die Urheimat der Goten. Leipzig, Mannus-Buecherei 73, 1945 (later printed in 1948).
1961:
725:
in the 1350s, it was stated that twelve men from each province, chosen by their things, should be present at the
540:
settlements. Defeated Jutes like Hengest and his brother Horsa fled to Kent, while Geats defeated by encroaching
2436:
1875:
524:
included many North Germanic people who were losers in the brutal tribal warfare of Scandinavia. The place-name
4193:
3759:
3027:
2832:
2692:
1939:
2908:
1633:, meaning "the cape of whales". Whales have for obvious reasons never lived in VĂ€nern, where, according to
1570:
659:
noted that the Geats had no say in the election of the king, only the Swedes. When the West Geatish law or
1647:, is an ablaut-grade of the same name as that of the Geats in Beowulf. These facts made the archaeologist
3774:
2787:
1415:
court after a naval voyage and kills a beast that has been terrorizing the Danes for two years (see also
298:, meaning "to pour". They have the literal meaning "they who pour their seed". (For more information see
901:, it may instead have been named after the Geats ('fortress of the Geats') when it was founded in 1621.
3870:
2940:
2935:
1371:. This correspondence seems to tip the balance for most scholars. It is also based on the fact that in
330:
3792:
2972:
2879:
2872:
2850:
2685:
2280:
2072:
1987:
1501:
782:. The merging/assimilation of the two nations took a long time, however. In the early-20th century,
4208:
3012:
2997:
2812:
2797:
2203:
Iversen, Frode (2020). "Between Tribe and Kingdom â People, Land, and Law in Scandza AD 500â1350".
2162:
Iversen, Frode (2020). "Between Tribe and Kingdom â People, Land, and Law in Scandza AD 500â1350".
2121:
Iversen, Frode (2020). "Between Tribe and Kingdom â People, Land, and Law in Scandza AD 500â1350".
222:
The Swedish dialects spoken in the areas that used to be inhabited by Geats form a distinct group,
2553:
1400:
4157:
4097:
3127:
3017:
3007:
3002:
2822:
2802:
2759:
1976:
1134:
589:
4104:
3529:
2962:
2957:
2884:
2779:
1524:
Fahlbeck's theory was refuted by SchĂŒck who in 1907 noted that another Old English source, the
1521:). Fahlbeck did not, however, propose an etymology for how the two ethnonyms could be related.
164:
3818:
2827:
2717:
1526:
703:
663:
was put to paper, it reminded the Geats that they had to accept the election of the Swedes:
4198:
4167:
4022:
2918:
2889:
2792:
2399:
1921:
1357:
1243:
1221:
357:, and the extended meaning of "to pour" is "flow, stream, waterfall", which could refer to
291:
127:
119:
4267:
2527:
358:
8:
4203:
4147:
4043:
4017:
3754:
2967:
1122:
is also a term used by the Romans to describe related, culturally linked tribes like the
986:
870:
722:
196:
1629:
a little strange. Moreover, when Beowulf dies he is buried in a mound at a place called
401:
3852:
3137:
2989:
2928:
2817:
2749:
2725:
2226:
2185:
2144:
1756:
905:
840:
817:
784:
560:. It has also been suggested that East Anglia was settled by Geats at this time, or by
377:
318:
202:
132:
2429:"1129â1130 (Nordisk familjebok / Uggleupplagan. 27. Stockholm-NynĂ€s jĂ€rnvĂ€g â Syrsor)"
2913:
2764:
2739:
2414:
2230:
2216:
2189:
2175:
2148:
2134:
2048:
1813:
1150:
1142:
1106:
925:
921:
874:
829:
241:
210:
1585:
Since the 19th century, there has also been a suggestion that Beowulf's people were
609:
4142:
4123:
4074:
3811:
3336:
2708:
2655:
2494:
2208:
2167:
2126:
1802:
1480:
1238:
1146:
976:
734:
707:
699:
660:
656:
643:
621:
176:
153:
145:
47:
1736:
1404:
635:
406:
4172:
4162:
2945:
2923:
2867:
2837:
2721:
2618:
2510:
2288:. Viking Society for Northern Research, University College, London. p. 270.
2080:. Viking Society for Northern Research, University College, London. p. 269.
1983:
1965:
1943:
1809:
1798:
1787:
1741:
1700:
932:
710:, he decided not to demand hostages as he despised the Geats, and was slain near
1180:. This "school" was brought to prominence in the 1980s following a TV series by
1092:. Moreover, he described that on this island there were three tribes called the
824:. Despite the name, the thing was only for the inhabitants of VÀstergötland and
683:
396:
4272:
4252:
4152:
3884:
3619:
3403:
3067:
2754:
1679:
in Beowulf, which according to the poem was situated closely to Hrones-naesse.
1470:
1057:
There were consequently two derivations from the same Proto-Germanic ethnonym.
1008:
771:
632:, in the 1080s. Inge would retake the throne and rule until his death c. 1100.
629:
541:
259:
188:
2212:
2171:
2130:
1780:
691:
528:
marks the site of Geatish settlement, often alongside strategically important
4246:
4060:
3378:
3341:
3301:
3167:
2896:
2855:
2614:
2498:
1634:
1118:?) â this implies that the Geats were Goths rather than vice versa. The word
898:
813:
726:
669:"It is the Swedes who have the right of choosing and also deposing the king"
651:
613:
494:
314:
3480:
19:
This article is about the North Germanic tribe. For the Thracian tribe, see
4231:
4116:
3975:
3072:
3062:
3045:
2862:
996:
886:
833:
755:
224:
1947:
1710:
1637:, Beowulf is buried. However, an expanse of water separates the island of
858:
711:
4177:
3847:
3554:
3512:
3435:
3348:
3216:
3206:
3117:
2901:
1655:
may have been Gutes. This was supported by another Swedish archaeologist
1648:
739:
529:
175:("land of the Geats") in modern southern Sweden from antiquity until the
33:
2647:
1913:
1830:
1791:
1399:
court after a naval voyage, where he kills a beast, finds a parallel in
958:
381:
170:
4002:
3968:
3731:
3519:
3502:
3450:
3440:
3425:
3393:
3383:
3261:
3211:
3087:
3082:
3050:
2769:
2030:
Margary, Ivan D. (1973). Roman Roads in Britain, 3rd ed. London: Baker.
1127:
908:
was "King of Sweden" (earlier: of the Swedes), the Geats/Goths and the
894:
695:
625:
553:
490:
299:
180:
4226:
3980:
3916:
2428:
2412:
The earliest attestation of this meaning is from the mid-15th century
1955:
1867:
1173:
3921:
3726:
3721:
3711:
3644:
3549:
3445:
3408:
3398:
3358:
3311:
3306:
3256:
3196:
3122:
3112:
3092:
3055:
3040:
1920:
according to the etymology sentences in their respective articles in
1903:, Uppsala 2003, pages 103 och 92 (articles "Götaland" and "Gotland").
1716:
1361:
1233:
1213:
672:
545:
533:
509:
where he is called "Rege Gotorum". These sources concern a raid into
454:
28:
3936:
1868:"887â888 (Nordisk familjebok / Uggleupplagan. 10. Gossler â Harris)"
1606:
4221:
3997:
3985:
3931:
3926:
3911:
3906:
3889:
3699:
3684:
3664:
3649:
3629:
3604:
3589:
3584:
3564:
3534:
3524:
3475:
3465:
3460:
3291:
3276:
3251:
3231:
3201:
3191:
3186:
3157:
3152:
3142:
3077:
3035:
2744:
2677:
2502:
1123:
1081:
825:
561:
438:
140:
1933:
897:) has formerly been considered to have been named after the river
849:
687:
4012:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3899:
3857:
3835:
3716:
3704:
3694:
3669:
3659:
3654:
3634:
3624:
3599:
3539:
3497:
3470:
3388:
3321:
3316:
3296:
3286:
3241:
3236:
3226:
3221:
3162:
3147:
3097:
2506:
2108:
The Origins of Beowulf, and the Pre-Viking Kingdom of East Anglia
1917:
1776:
1638:
1590:
1457:
1433:
1429:
1373:
1177:
1138:
1089:
967:
617:
498:
477:
471:
450:
430:
216:
1705:
1659:. According to Rausing, Beowulf may be buried in a place called
1565:, it may be a secondary formation of the toponym Jutland, where
252:
215:, the western and eastern lands of the Geats, and in many other
4216:
3990:
3736:
3689:
3674:
3639:
3614:
3579:
3574:
3507:
3492:
3430:
3368:
3353:
3331:
3281:
3271:
3266:
3179:
3174:
3132:
3102:
1695:
801:
510:
184:
949:
414:
Mentions of Geats, Sea-Geats and Wederas in the manuscript of
53:
3963:
3609:
3594:
3569:
3559:
3544:
3487:
3455:
3420:
3415:
3373:
3246:
3107:
2950:
2490:
2486:
1643:
1586:
1412:
1396:
1383:
1155:
1115:
1085:
1069:
1021:
944:
909:
821:
537:
462:
429:
The earliest known surviving mention of the Geats appears in
278:
272:
192:
20:
1461:
also mentions both Geats and Jutes, and it calls the latter
3894:
3679:
3326:
353:(as mentioned above) derives from the Proto-Germanic word *
237:
74:
71:
3803:
575:
505:
where he is referred to as "Rex Getarum" and in a copy of
89:
86:
68:
50:
1762:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
1465:. However, Fahlbeck proposed in 1884 that the GÄatas of
564:
who also came from Götaland, bringing the traditions of
1999:
Michael Alexander's 1995 (Penguin Classics) edition of
931:
The titles, however, changed in 1973 when the new king
384:, a meaning which is retained in some Icelandic sagas.
376:, which originally referred to just the inhabitants of
1443:
as different tribes, and whereas the Geats are called
804:
gradually took over the role as the heroic ancestors.
1192:
The generally accepted identification of Old English
1137:(domarringar), which are most common in Götaland and
1053:). The word comes from an Indo-European root meaning
918:
N.N. Dei Gratia, Suecorum, Gothorum et Vandalorum Rex
104:
95:
80:
59:
778:) appear both as a proper nation and as part of the
325:). It might also have been a conflation of the word
92:
77:
56:
1816:
and some modern scholarly works on Germanic tribes.
341:, 'River of the Geats', replaced the earlier names
309:is that it means the Goths who live near the river
65:
812:The Geats were traditionally divided into several
4244:
1130:, so it may be correct to label Geats as Goths.
1041:are two ablaut grades of a Proto-Germanic word *
624:fled to VÀstergötland when deposed in favour of
2378:. The Swedish Institute, Stockholm. p. 18.
2333:. Viktoria Bokförlag, AlingsĂ„s. pp. 58â59.
2253:. Uppsala: Almquist & Wiksell. p. 131.
1387:(across the sea) and in close contact with the
370:
2462:. SprÄk och folkminnesinstitutet. p. 103.
2318:. Viktoria Bokförlag, AlingsĂ„s. pp. 9â10.
2047:. London: Reaction Books Limited. p. 56.
655:(book 13), the Danish 12th-century chronicler
3819:
2693:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2595:
2526:(in Polish). Muzarp.poznan.pl. Archived from
590:how Geats and Swedes came to form one kingdom
208:
200:
195:. The name of the Geats also lives on in the
168:
2577:
2205:Rulership in 1st to 14th century Scandinavia
2164:Rulership in 1st to 14th century Scandinavia
2123:Rulership in 1st to 14th century Scandinavia
2066:
2064:
1476:Ecclesiastical History of the English People
2724:origin primarily identified as speakers of
2389:
2387:
2385:
2268:. Viktoria Bokförlag, AlingsÄs. p. 12.
2009:
1954:in records from the 13th century. See also
1824:
1822:
1045:with the meaning "to pour" (modern Swedish
3826:
3812:
2700:
2686:
2592:
2588:. Stockholm: Atlantis. pp. 33â34, 90.
2358:
2352:
2196:
2155:
2114:
2038:
2036:
694:to be judged to be the lawful king by the
2645:
2061:
1671:. Not far from there lies a place called
1455:(dative). Moreover, the Old English poem
1439:The Geats and the Jutes are mentioned in
1187:
1133:Scandinavian burial customs, such as the
839:Unlike the Swedes, who used the division
766:in Swedish. As early as the 9th century,
686:, the Geatish provinces and then through
2457:
2451:
2382:
2343:
2244:
2242:
2240:
1819:
1663:on Gotland, a name corresponding to the
1084:wrote that the Goths came originally to
948:
820:was held every year, in the vicinity of
634:
433:(2nd century AD), who refers to them as
27:
3765:Christianisation of Anglo-Saxon England
2583:
2373:
2367:
2348:. Liber, Stockholm. pp. 58, 70â74.
2202:
2161:
2120:
2042:
2033:
2015:
1950:, which says that KlarÀlven was called
1755:
1593:in Sweden). According to the poem, the
576:Political centralization in Scandinavia
4245:
2613:
2363:. Bonniers, Stockholm. pp. 86â88.
2328:
2313:
2278:
2272:
2263:
2105:
2099:
2070:
1959:, the article "Göta Àlv" (in Swedish).
1208:monophthong of modern Swedish and the
665:SveĂŠr egho konong at taka ok sva vrĂŠkĂŠ
640:SveĂŠr egho konong at taka ok sva vrĂŠkĂŠ
305:A more specific theory about the word
139:
126:
4081:Beowulf: A Translation and Commentary
3807:
2681:
2662:from the original on 24 November 2007
2474:The Oxford English Dictionary Online.
2248:
2237:
1828:
1580:
1204:is based on the observation that the
904:Until 1973 the official title of the
603:
513:, ca 516, which is also described in
152:
2707:
2337:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1422:
1159:of Dacia, but this is now disputed.
2439:from the original on 3 January 2007
1912:An interpretation of both names of
1561:As for the origins of the ethnonym
1505:which identifies the Geats through
1417:Origins for Beowulf and HrĂłlf Kraki
642:and the following sentences in the
556:, originally the settlement of the
294:grades of the Proto-Germanic word *
13:
2627:from the original on 20 April 2023
2020:. Stockholm: Atlantis. p. 43.
1167:
1162:
796:as a name for the Swedish people.
380:, or the western parts of today's
14:
4284:
2295:from the original on 11 July 2021
2087:from the original on 11 July 2021
1878:from the original on 3 March 2016
1851:
1839:from the original on 4 March 2014
1609:in VÀstergötland or MÀlaren. The
914:Sveriges, Götes och Vendes konung
702:. One of these Swedish kings was
628:, a king more favourable towards
612:became extinct with the death of
608:In the 11th century, the Swedish
522:Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain
4067:Beowulf: A New Verse Translation
4033:
3788:
3787:
2166:. De Gruyter. pp. 245â304.
1651:come to the conclusion that the
1196:as the same ethnonym as Swedish
864:
588:The nature and the processes of
424:
405:
400:
395:
46:
3770:Christianization of Scandinavia
2639:
2568:
2550:"Gothic Connections | Abstract"
2542:
2516:
2479:
2466:
2421:
2406:
2322:
2307:
2257:
2024:
1993:
1901:SprÄk- och folkminnesinstitutet
754:After the 15th century and the
337:. In the 17th century the name
4091:: The Monsters and the Critics
3760:Christianization of the Franks
2833:Continental Germanic mythology
2623:. Stockholm: Ivar Haeggström.
1970:
1927:
1906:
1890:
1769:
1765:(5th ed.). HarperCollins.
1749:
1742:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
1729:
999:at its greatest extent, 117 AD
391:
1:
2524:"The Goths in Greater Poland"
2346:Sveriges historia: Medeltiden
2251:Ortnamn och ortnamnsforskning
1722:
1104:(cf. the Swedish province of
729:when a new king was elected.
721:of Sweden that was issued by
1080:); but the Gothic historian
349:. The etymology of the word
231:
7:
3833:
3775:Christianization of Iceland
2620:Det Svenska Rikets Uppkomst
2207:. De Gruyter. p. 295.
2125:. De Gruyter. p. 250.
1781:translations from Old Norse
1689:
680:"with hostages from above "
187:, along with the tribes of
10:
4289:
2376:Swedish History in Outline
2110:. D. S. Brewer, Cambridge.
1937:, the article (in Swedish)
989:, in the early 4th century
979:, in the early 3rd century
942:
877:to refer to themselves as
807:
387:
246:The etymology of the name
235:
159:
18:
4186:
4135:
4042:
4031:
3866:
3843:
3783:
3745:
3026:
2988:
2778:
2732:
2715:
2652:Svensk etymologisk ordbok
2584:Larsson, Mats G. (2004).
2282:Beowulf, Swedes and Geats
2213:10.1515/9783110421101-004
2172:10.1515/9783110421101-004
2131:10.1515/9783110421101-004
2074:Beowulf, Swedes and Geats
2016:Larsson, Mats G. (2004).
1988:Svenska Akademiens Ordbok
1982:26 September 2011 at the
1832:Svensk etymologisk ordbok
1055:to pour, offer sacrifice.
774:'s work where the Geats (
290:). The names derive from
209:
201:
169:
3013:North Germanic languages
2998:Germanic parent language
2646:Hellquist, Elof (1922).
2460:Svenskt ortnamndslexikon
2374:Weibull, Jörgen (1993).
2359:Henriksson, Alf (1963).
2331:NĂ€r Sverige blev Sverige
2316:NĂ€r Sverige blev Sverige
2266:NĂ€r Sverige blev Sverige
1829:Hellquist, Elof. "göt".
1786:11 December 2005 at the
1495:(genitive) and twice as
938:
361:or to the river itself.
270:) is similar to that of
16:Northern Germanic people
4098:Beowulf and the Critics
3018:West Germanic languages
3008:East Germanic languages
3003:Proto-Germanic language
2823:Proto-Germanic folklore
2760:Romano-Germanic culture
2458:Wahlberg, Mats (2003).
2344:Harrison, Dick (2002).
1897:Svenskt ortnamnslexikon
1808:8 November 2014 at the
1499:(dative) (see e.g. the
1491:) once are rendered as
1447:, the Jutes are called
598:rex Sweorum et Gothorum
371:
322:
253:
136:
123:
4263:North Germanic peoples
4258:Early Germanic peoples
2329:Sawyer, Peter (1991).
2314:Sawyer, Peter (1991).
2264:Sawyer, Peter (1991).
1779:(on Swedish history),
1546:and in one manuscript
1188:Identity of the GÄatas
1001:
646:
501:finds confirmation in
437:. In the 6th century,
179:. They are one of the
149:
37:
2828:Anglo-Saxon mythology
2718:Ethnolinguistic group
2435:. 22 September 1918.
2279:Farrel, R.T. (1972).
2249:StÄhl, Harry (1976).
2071:Farrel, R.T. (1972).
2043:Shippey, Tom (2018).
1964:7 August 2011 at the
1874:. 22 September 1909.
1797:4 August 2020 at the
1675:corresponding to the
1527:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
952:
873:of VÀstergötland and
638:
236:Further information:
31:
4199:Anglo-Saxon paganism
4056:List of translations
2400:Nationalencyklopedin
2106:Newton, Sam (1993).
2045:Laughing Shall I Die
2003:mentions a variant:
1957:Nationalencyklopedin
1935:Nationalencyklopedin
1922:Nationalencyklopedin
1589:(from the island of
966: The island of
889:. Although the city
828:. The equivalent in
792:had almost replaced
698:of their respective
572:contact was broken.
167:tribe who inhabited
157:), sometimes called
4204:Battle of Finnsburg
4148:Michael D. C. Drout
3755:Gothic Christianity
1571:Proto-Indo-European
1530:, called the Jutes
1411:and arrives at the
1395:and arrives at the
1367:and modern Swedish
1229:
1088:from the island of
987:Chernyakhov culture
548:where they founded
507:Historiae Francorum
449:(the Ostrogoths of
3853:Alliterative verse
3138:Germani cisrhenani
2846:Funerary practices
2750:Pre-Roman Iron Age
2726:Germanic languages
1942:2 May 2014 at the
1745:. Merriam-Webster.
1581:Gutnish hypothesis
1569:is derived from a
1436:would have lived.
1401:HrĂłlf Kraki's saga
1227:
1216:correspond to the
1002:
957: Traditional
912:(with the formula
818:Thing of all Geats
785:Nordisk familjebok
704:Ragnvald Knaphövde
676:"mĂŠĂŸ gislum ofvan"
647:
604:Dynastic struggles
368:was the Old Norse
364:The short form of
154:[ËjĂžÌËtar]
141:[ËÉĄÉuÌŻtÉr]
38:
4240:
4239:
3801:
3800:
2973:Gothic and Vandal
2765:Germanic Iron Age
2740:Nordic Bronze Age
2722:Northern European
2556:on 21 August 2004
2415:Swedish Chronicle
2361:Svensk historia I
2054:978-1-78023-909-5
1814:Primary Chronicle
1777:Microsoft Encarta
1577:meaning "water".
1483:where the Jutes (
1423:Jutish hypothesis
1381:live east of the
1350:
1349:
1068:) from the Goths/
926:King of the Wends
922:King of the Goths
881:(West Geats) and
843:, the Geats used
671:and then he rode
422:
421:
359:TrollhÀttan Falls
300:Goths § Etymology
242:Name of the Goths
197:Swedish provinces
183:groups of modern
128:[ËjĂŠÉtÉs]
4280:
4212:and Middle-Earth
4143:Nora K. Chadwick
4124:Finn and Hengest
4112:
4075:J. R. R. Tolkien
4037:
4018:Grendel's mother
3828:
3821:
3814:
3805:
3804:
3791:
3790:
3747:Christianization
3337:Ripuarian Franks
2709:Germanic peoples
2702:
2695:
2688:
2679:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2656:Project Runeberg
2643:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2611:
2590:
2589:
2581:
2575:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2552:. Archived from
2546:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2520:
2514:
2511:Slavic languages
2483:
2477:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2455:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2425:
2419:
2410:
2404:
2391:
2380:
2379:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2341:
2335:
2334:
2326:
2320:
2319:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2300:
2294:
2287:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2246:
2235:
2234:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2086:
2079:
2068:
2059:
2058:
2040:
2031:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2013:
2007:
1997:
1991:
1974:
1968:
1931:
1925:
1910:
1904:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1864:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1826:
1817:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1753:
1747:
1746:
1733:
1481:Alfred the Great
1403:. In this saga,
1276:onion, cf. leek
1230:
1228:Correspondences
1226:
1147:Wielbark culture
1049:, modern German
994:
984:
977:Wielbark culture
974:
965:
956:
847:(modern Swedish
735:Council of Basel
708:Westrogothic law
661:Westrogothic law
657:Saxo Grammaticus
644:Westrogothic law
503:Liber Monstrorum
409:
404:
399:
392:
374:
256:
214:
213:
206:
205:
177:Late Middle Ages
174:
173:
156:
143:
130:
115:
111:
107:
102:
101:
98:
97:
94:
91:
88:
83:
82:
79:
76:
73:
70:
67:
62:
61:
58:
55:
52:
4288:
4287:
4283:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4278:
4277:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4236:
4182:
4173:Geoffrey Russom
4163:Leonard Neidorf
4131:
4110:
4105:On Translating
4045:
4038:
4029:
3868:
3862:
3839:
3832:
3802:
3797:
3779:
3741:
3022:
2984:
2946:Gothic alphabet
2838:Norse mythology
2774:
2728:
2711:
2706:
2676:
2675:
2665:
2663:
2644:
2640:
2630:
2628:
2612:
2593:
2582:
2578:
2573:
2569:
2559:
2557:
2548:
2547:
2543:
2533:
2531:
2530:on 30 June 2001
2522:
2521:
2517:
2484:
2480:
2471:
2467:
2456:
2452:
2442:
2440:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2411:
2407:
2392:
2383:
2372:
2368:
2357:
2353:
2342:
2338:
2327:
2323:
2312:
2308:
2298:
2296:
2292:
2285:
2277:
2273:
2262:
2258:
2247:
2238:
2223:
2201:
2197:
2182:
2160:
2156:
2141:
2119:
2115:
2104:
2100:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2077:
2069:
2062:
2055:
2041:
2034:
2029:
2025:
2014:
2010:
1998:
1994:
1984:Wayback Machine
1975:
1971:
1966:Wayback Machine
1944:Wayback Machine
1932:
1928:
1911:
1907:
1895:
1891:
1881:
1879:
1866:
1865:
1852:
1842:
1840:
1827:
1820:
1810:Wayback Machine
1799:Wayback Machine
1788:Wayback Machine
1774:
1770:
1754:
1750:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1725:
1701:Geatish Society
1692:
1583:
1425:
1248:Modern English
1190:
1170:
1168:Götaland theory
1165:
1163:Fringe theories
1149:. Moreover, in
1007:was originally
1000:
992:
990:
982:
980:
972:
970:
963:
961:
954:
947:
941:
933:Carl XVI Gustaf
867:
810:
723:Magnus Eriksson
719:new general law
606:
578:
427:
390:
244:
234:
163:, were a large
113:
109:
105:
85:
64:
49:
45:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4286:
4276:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4238:
4237:
4235:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4190:
4188:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4153:Robert D. Fulk
4150:
4145:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4129:
4128:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4101:
4094:
4084:
4072:
4071:
4070:
4058:
4052:
4050:
4040:
4039:
4032:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4026:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4007:
4006:
4005:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3941:
3940:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3909:
3904:
3903:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3876:
3874:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3844:
3841:
3840:
3831:
3830:
3823:
3816:
3808:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3751:
3749:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3702:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3516:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3412:
3411:
3406:
3404:Thracian Goths
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3032:
3030:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2994:
2992:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2960:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2948:
2938:
2933:
2932:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2911:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2887:
2877:
2876:
2875:
2870:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2843:
2842:
2841:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2784:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2755:Roman Iron Age
2752:
2747:
2742:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2705:
2704:
2697:
2690:
2682:
2674:
2673:
2654:(in Swedish).
2638:
2615:Nerman, Birger
2591:
2586:Götarnas riken
2576:
2567:
2541:
2515:
2478:
2465:
2450:
2420:
2405:
2381:
2366:
2351:
2336:
2321:
2306:
2271:
2256:
2236:
2221:
2195:
2180:
2154:
2139:
2113:
2098:
2060:
2053:
2032:
2023:
2018:Götarnas riken
2008:
1992:
1969:
1926:
1905:
1889:
1850:
1835:(in Swedish).
1818:
1768:
1748:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1713:(Geatish Dyke)
1708:
1703:
1698:
1691:
1688:
1582:
1579:
1554:("Jutes") and
1479:attributed to
1471:Venerable Bede
1451:(genitive) or
1424:
1421:
1348:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1200:and Old Norse
1189:
1186:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1009:Proto-Germanic
991:
981:
971:
962:
953:
943:Main article:
940:
937:
866:
863:
814:petty kingdoms
809:
806:
772:Adam of Bremen
743:or in Swedish
630:Norse paganism
622:Inge the Elder
610:House of Munsö
605:
602:
577:
574:
441:writes of the
426:
423:
420:
419:
411:
410:
389:
386:
260:Proto-Germanic
233:
230:
165:North Germanic
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4285:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4250:
4248:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4211:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4185:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4168:John D. Niles
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4158:Kevin Kiernan
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4140:
4138:
4134:
4126:
4125:
4121:
4118:
4114:
4109:
4108:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4085:
4083:
4082:
4078:
4077:
4076:
4073:
4069:
4068:
4064:
4063:
4062:
4061:Seamus Heaney
4059:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4049:
4048:
4041:
4036:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4008:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3996:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3974:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3946:
3945:
3942:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3914:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3865:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3842:
3838:
3837:
3829:
3824:
3822:
3817:
3815:
3810:
3809:
3806:
3794:
3786:
3785:
3782:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3748:
3744:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3486:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3379:Crimean Goths
3377:
3376:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3343:
3342:Salian Franks
3340:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2987:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2895:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2881:
2878:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2864:
2861:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2847:
2844:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2780:Early culture
2777:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2714:
2710:
2703:
2698:
2696:
2691:
2689:
2684:
2683:
2680:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2642:
2626:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2610:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2600:
2598:
2596:
2587:
2580:
2571:
2555:
2551:
2545:
2529:
2525:
2519:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2482:
2475:
2469:
2461:
2454:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2424:
2418:
2416:
2409:
2402:
2401:
2396:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2377:
2370:
2362:
2355:
2347:
2340:
2332:
2325:
2317:
2310:
2291:
2284:
2283:
2275:
2267:
2260:
2252:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2222:9783110421101
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2199:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2181:9783110421101
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2158:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2140:9783110421101
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2117:
2109:
2102:
2083:
2076:
2075:
2067:
2065:
2056:
2050:
2046:
2039:
2037:
2027:
2019:
2012:
2006:
2002:
1996:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1973:
1967:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1930:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1902:
1898:
1893:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1838:
1834:
1833:
1825:
1823:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1782:
1778:
1772:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1752:
1744:
1743:
1738:
1732:
1728:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1687:
1685:
1680:
1678:
1677:Earnar-naesse
1674:
1670:
1669:Hrones-naesse
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1653:weather-Geats
1650:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1636:
1635:Birger Nerman
1632:
1631:Hrones-naesse
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1615:weather-geats
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1595:weather-geats
1592:
1588:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1522:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1405:Bödvar Bjarki
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1225:
1223:
1220:diphthong of
1219:
1215:
1212:diphthong of
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1160:
1158:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1135:stone circles
1131:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
998:
988:
978:
969:
960:
951:
946:
936:
934:
929:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
902:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
865:Modern legacy
862:
860:
856:
852:
851:
846:
842:
837:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
805:
803:
797:
795:
791:
787:
786:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
752:
750:
746:
742:
741:
736:
730:
728:
727:Stone of Mora
724:
720:
715:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
653:
652:Gesta Danorum
645:
641:
637:
633:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
614:Emund the Old
611:
601:
599:
594:
591:
586:
582:
573:
569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
518:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
495:Geatish kings
493:name several
492:
488:
484:
480:
479:
474:
473:
468:
465:know them as
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
425:Early history
417:
413:
412:
408:
403:
398:
394:
393:
385:
383:
379:
378:VÀstergötland
375:
373:
367:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
303:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
280:
275:
274:
269:
265:
261:
257:
255:
250:(Old English
249:
243:
239:
229:
227:
226:
220:
218:
212:
204:
203:VÀstergötland
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
172:
166:
162:
161:
155:
151:
147:
142:
138:
134:
129:
125:
121:
117:
116:
100:
43:
35:
30:
26:
22:
4232:Nowell Codex
4209:
4122:
4117:Sellic Spell
4106:
4096:
4088:
4079:
4065:
4046:
3976:Waegmundings
3879:
3834:
3363:
3073:Anglo-Saxons
3063:Adrabaecampi
3046:Bucinobantes
2788:Architecture
2664:. Retrieved
2651:
2648:"Jut-, Jute"
2641:
2629:. Retrieved
2619:
2585:
2579:
2570:
2558:. Retrieved
2554:the original
2544:
2532:. Retrieved
2528:the original
2518:
2481:
2473:
2468:
2459:
2453:
2441:. Retrieved
2433:runeberg.org
2432:
2423:
2413:
2408:
2398:
2394:
2393:The article
2375:
2369:
2360:
2354:
2345:
2339:
2330:
2324:
2315:
2309:
2297:. Retrieved
2281:
2274:
2265:
2259:
2250:
2204:
2198:
2163:
2157:
2122:
2116:
2107:
2101:
2089:. Retrieved
2073:
2044:
2026:
2017:
2011:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1972:
1956:
1951:
1934:
1929:
1908:
1896:
1892:
1880:. Retrieved
1872:runeberg.org
1871:
1841:. Retrieved
1831:
1771:
1760:
1751:
1740:
1731:
1683:
1681:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1652:
1642:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1584:
1574:
1566:
1562:
1560:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1525:
1523:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1474:
1466:
1462:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1438:
1426:
1408:
1392:
1388:
1382:
1378:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1353:
1351:
1217:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1191:
1171:
1154:
1151:Ăstergötland
1132:
1119:
1111:
1107:Ăstergötland
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1077:
1073:
1065:
1061:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1004:
1003:
997:Roman Empire
930:
917:
913:
906:Swedish king
903:
890:
882:
878:
875:Ăstergötland
868:
857:linked to a
854:
848:
844:
838:
834:Lionga thing
830:Ăstergötland
811:
798:
793:
789:
783:
779:
775:
767:
763:
759:
756:Kalmar Union
753:
748:
744:
738:
731:
716:
684:Södermanland
679:
675:
668:
664:
650:
648:
639:
607:
597:
595:
587:
583:
579:
570:
565:
557:
550:Gillingshire
525:
519:
514:
506:
502:
486:
482:
476:
470:
466:
461:. The Norse
458:
446:
442:
434:
428:
415:
369:
365:
363:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
326:
310:
306:
304:
295:
287:
283:
277:
271:
267:
263:
251:
247:
245:
223:
221:
211:Ăstergötland
158:
41:
39:
25:
4194:Adaptations
4178:Tom Shippey
4044:Translating
3848:Old English
3513:Nahanarvali
3436:Hilleviones
3349:Frisiavones
3217:Cananefates
3207:Burgundians
3118:Banochaemae
2968:Anglo-Saxon
2919:Anglo-Saxon
2885:Anglo-Saxon
2868:Anglo-Saxon
2851:Anglo-Saxon
2666:21 November
2631:24 December
1792:Anglo-Saxon
1657:Bo GrÀslund
1649:Gad Rausing
1605:relates to
1603:wide waters
1558:("Geats").
1358:Old English
1244:Old English
1222:Old English
1182:Dag StÄlsjö
916:, in Latin
788:noted that
740:Gothicismus
696:lawspeakers
692:VĂ€stmanland
568:with them.
532:and nearby
530:Roman roads
497:, but only
491:Norse sagas
120:Old English
34:Scandinavia
4247:Categories
4023:The Dragon
4003:Wealhtheow
3969:Ongentheow
3871:characters
3732:Vinoviloth
3520:Marcomanni
3503:Helveconae
3481:HeaĂ°obards
3451:Istvaeones
3441:Ingaevones
3426:Hermunduri
3394:Ostrogoths
3384:Greuthungi
3262:Chattuarii
3088:Angrivarii
3083:Ampsivarii
3051:Lentienses
2880:Literature
2770:Viking Age
2443:4 December
1723:References
1128:Greuthungs
1102:Ostrogoths
1094:Gautigoths
1027:Gotlanders
895:Gothenburg
673:Eriksgatan
626:Blot-Sweyn
534:Visigothic
457:refers to
447:Ostrogoths
443:Gautigoths
366:Gautigoths
313:, today's
307:Gautigoths
286:, plural *
266:, plural *
181:progenitor
4009:Monsters
3944:Scylfings
3922:Healfdene
3912:Scyldings
3727:Vidivarii
3722:Victohali
3712:Vangiones
3645:Thuringii
3550:Nuithones
3446:Irminones
3409:Visigoths
3399:Thervingi
3359:Gambrivii
3312:Dulgubnii
3307:Dauciones
3257:Chasuarii
3197:Brondings
3123:Bastarnae
3113:Baiuvarii
3093:Armalausi
3056:Raetovari
2990:Languages
2958:Symbology
2818:Folklore
2813:Festivals
2560:21 August
2472:"god" in
2299:18 August
2231:213596339
2190:213596339
2149:213596339
2091:18 August
1948:KlarÀlven
1717:Varangian
1711:Götavirke
1619:sea-geats
1599:sea-geats
1362:Old Norse
1234:Old Norse
1214:Old Norse
1098:Geat/Gaut
879:vÀstgötar
871:provinces
859:kongsgÄrd
749:Geaticism
712:Falköping
558:Geatlings
546:Yorkshire
544:moved to
455:Procopius
319:Old Norse
258:, from a
232:Etymology
133:Old Norse
4268:Götaland
4222:Hrunting
4136:Scholars
3998:Wulfings
3986:Weohstan
3927:Heorogar
3907:Hundings
3890:Heardred
3793:Category
3700:Hasdingi
3685:Usipetes
3665:Tubantes
3650:Toxandri
3630:Tencteri
3605:Suarines
3590:Sicambri
3585:Semnones
3565:Reudigni
3535:Mattiaci
3525:Marsacii
3476:Lombards
3466:Lacringi
3461:Juthungi
3292:Corconti
3277:Cherusci
3252:Charudes
3232:Chaedini
3202:Bructeri
3187:Bateinoi
3158:Eburones
3153:Condrusi
3148:Caeroesi
3143:Atuatuci
3078:Ambrones
3041:Brisgavi
3036:Alemanni
2914:Paganism
2803:Clothing
2798:Calendar
2745:Germania
2660:Archived
2625:Archived
2617:(1925).
2503:Slovenes
2437:Archived
2290:Archived
2082:Archived
1980:Archived
1962:Archived
1952:Gautelfr
1940:Archived
1914:Götaland
1876:Archived
1837:Archived
1812:and the
1806:Archived
1795:Archived
1784:Archived
1690:See also
1623:weather-
1432:, where
1409:Gautland
1393:Geatland
1360:form of
1126:and the
1124:Tervingi
1082:Jordanes
1076:, OEng.
1029:) were *
959:Götaland
899:Göta Àlv
891:Göteborg
883:östgötar
826:Dalsland
745:Göticism
682:through
667:meaning
562:Wulfings
489:and the
439:Jordanes
382:Götaland
347:Gautelfr
343:GötÀlven
339:Göta Àlv
323:Gautelfr
315:Göta Àlv
217:toponyms
171:Götaland
4227:NĂŠgling
4210:Beowulf
4187:Related
4107:Beowulf
4089:Beowulf
4047:Beowulf
4013:Grendel
3981:EcgĂŸeow
3959:Ohthere
3954:Eanmund
3949:Eadgils
3932:HroĂ°gar
3917:Ăschere
3900:Hygelac
3885:Beowulf
3858:Kenning
3836:Beowulf
3717:Varisci
3705:Silingi
3695:Vandals
3670:Tulingi
3660:Triboci
3655:Treveri
3635:Teutons
3625:Taifals
3600:Sitones
3540:Nemetes
3498:Helisii
3471:Lemovii
3389:Gutones
3322:Firaesi
3317:Favonae
3297:Cugerni
3287:Cobandi
3242:Chamavi
3237:Chaemae
3227:Casuari
3222:Caritni
3192:Betasii
3163:Paemani
3098:Auiones
2963:Warfare
2941:Scripts
2909:Numbers
2733:History
2534:14 June
2507:Slovaks
2476:(2006).
2001:Beowulf
1918:Gotland
1882:6 March
1843:1 March
1673:Arnkull
1639:Gotland
1611:weather
1591:Gotland
1485:iutarum
1467:Beowulf
1458:Widsith
1453:Äotenum
1441:Beowulf
1434:Beowulf
1430:Jutland
1407:leaves
1374:Beowulf
1356:is the
1239:Swedish
1178:dowsing
1174:MĂ€laren
1139:Gotland
1112:Vagoths
1100:), the
1090:Scandza
1078:Gotenas
1064:, OEng
1051:giessen
1039:Gutaniz
1031:Gutaniz
968:Gotland
887:götamÄl
841:hundare
808:Society
802:vikings
780:Sueones
747:, i.e.
649:In his
618:Stenkil
566:Beowulf
552:by the
536:and/or
515:Beowulf
499:Hygelac
487:Beowulf
478:Widsith
472:Beowulf
453:); and
451:Scandza
431:Ptolemy
416:Beowulf
388:History
329:with a
296:geutanÄ
288:Gutaniz
225:GötamÄl
146:Swedish
4217:Heorot
3991:Wiglaf
3937:UnferĂ°
3737:Warini
3690:Vagoth
3675:Tungri
3640:Thelir
3620:Swedes
3615:Sunici
3580:Saxons
3575:Rugini
3508:Manimi
3493:Diduni
3431:Heruli
3369:Gepids
3354:Frisii
3332:Franks
3282:Cimbri
3272:Chauci
3267:Chatti
3180:Nervii
3175:Morini
3133:Belgae
3128:Batavi
3103:Avarpi
3068:Angles
3028:Groups
2978:Viking
2924:Gothic
2902:Gothic
2808:Family
2495:Polans
2229:
2219:
2188:
2178:
2147:
2137:
2051:
2005:GÄotas
1946:about
1757:"Geat"
1737:"Geat"
1696:Blenda
1665:Hrones
1617:, and
1607:VĂ€nern
1573:root *
1556:GÄatas
1552:Geotas
1519:GeĂĄtas
1497:gÄatum
1449:Äotena
1445:gÄatas
1413:Danish
1397:Danish
1379:GÄatas
1377:, the
1365:Gautar
1354:GÄatas
1352:Thus,
1332:death
1318:dream
1309:draumr
1262:bread
1202:gautar
1194:GÄatas
1143:stelae
1141:, and
1110:) and
1072:(Isl.
1066:Geatas
1062:Gautar
1043:geutan
1035:Gautoz
1013:Gautoz
1005:Geatas
995:
993:
985:
983:
975:
973:
964:
955:
845:hĂŠrrad
790:svensk
760:svensk
700:things
542:Swedes
538:Jutish
511:Frisia
483:GÄatas
467:Gautar
459:Gautoi
435:Goutai
372:Gautar
355:geutan
292:ablaut
268:GautĆz
264:Gautaz
254:Geatas
189:Swedes
185:Swedes
137:gautar
124:gÄatas
112:-Éts,
106:GHEETS
4273:Goths
4253:Geats
3964:Onela
3880:Geats
3867:Clans
3610:Suebi
3595:Sciri
3570:Rugii
3560:Quadi
3545:Njars
3530:Marsi
3488:Lugii
3456:Jutes
3421:Harii
3416:Gutes
3374:Goths
3364:Geats
3302:Danes
3247:Chali
3168:Segni
3108:Baemi
2951:Runes
2936:Rings
2929:Norse
2897:Names
2890:Norse
2873:Norse
2856:Norse
2499:Poles
2491:Sorbs
2487:Serbs
2395:Svear
2293:(PDF)
2286:(PDF)
2227:S2CID
2186:S2CID
2145:S2CID
2085:(PDF)
2078:(PDF)
1977:Götar
1803:Latin
1775:E.g.
1644:Gutar
1587:Gutes
1548:Èłtena
1540:Ä«utum
1536:Ä«otum
1532:Ä«utna
1515:IĂștan
1511:IĂłtas
1507:Eotas
1493:gÄata
1489:iutis
1389:Sweon
1369:Götar
1337:rauĂ°r
1323:dauĂ°r
1315:drÄam
1304:east
1295:austr
1290:leaf
1267:laukr
1259:brÄad
1253:brauĂ°
1198:götar
1156:Getae
1116:Gutar
1096:(cf.
1086:Dacia
1074:Gotar
1070:Gutar
1047:gjuta
1037:and *
1022:Gutar
1017:Goths
945:Goths
939:Goths
910:Wends
850:hÀrad
822:Skara
794:svear
776:Goths
768:svear
764:svear
717:In a
688:NĂ€rke
526:-gate
463:Sagas
335:Goths
331:gloss
327:Gauti
279:Gutes
273:Goths
193:Gutes
160:Goths
150:götar
42:Geats
21:Getae
3895:Hygd
3680:Ubii
3327:Fosi
3212:Buri
2668:2007
2633:2020
2562:2004
2536:2010
2505:and
2497:and
2489:and
2485:cf.
2445:2006
2301:2021
2217:ISBN
2176:ISBN
2135:ISBN
2093:2021
2049:ISBN
1916:and
1884:2011
1845:2014
1706:Göta
1684:Geat
1661:Rone
1627:sea-
1563:Jute
1544:Äota
1517:and
1463:Èłtum
1384:Dani
1346:red
1343:rÄad
1329:dÄaĂ°
1312:dröm
1301:Äast
1287:lÄaf
1281:lauf
1273:lÄac
1256:bröd
1120:Goth
1019:and
1015:and
924:and
832:was
690:and
554:Tees
520:The
475:and
445:and
351:Gaut
345:and
311:Gaut
284:GutĂŽ
276:and
248:Geat
240:and
238:Gaut
207:and
191:and
114:YATS
40:The
3555:Osi
2863:Law
2793:Art
2720:of
2509:in
2397:in
2209:doi
2168:doi
2127:doi
1986:in
1801:or
1667:in
1625:or
1613:in
1597:or
1575:eud
1567:jut
1538:or
1502:OED
1473:'s
1419:).
1340:röd
1326:död
1298:öst
1284:löv
1270:lök
1033:. *
481:as
333:of
199:of
110:GAY
4249::
2658:.
2650:.
2594:^
2501:,
2493:,
2431:.
2384:^
2239:^
2225:.
2215:.
2184:.
2174:.
2143:.
2133:.
2063:^
2035:^
1899:,
1870:.
1853:^
1821:^
1790:,
1759:.
1739:.
1534:,
1513:,
1509:,
1487:,
1224:.
1218:Äa
1210:au
928:.
861:.
855:bo
836:.
751:.
714:.
678:â
616:.
485:.
469:;
418:.
321::
282:(*
228:.
219:.
148::
144:;
135::
131:;
122::
118:;
108:,
72:eÉȘ
54:iË
4119:"
4115:"
4111:"
4103:"
4093:"
4086:"
3873:)
3869:(
3827:e
3820:t
3813:v
2840:)
2701:e
2694:t
2687:v
2670:.
2635:.
2564:.
2538:.
2513:.
2447:.
2417:.
2403:.
2303:.
2233:.
2211::
2192:.
2170::
2151:.
2129::
2095:.
2057:.
1990:.
1924:.
1886:.
1847:.
1206:ö
1114:(
1025:(
1011:*
893:(
317:(
262:*
99:/
96:s
93:t
90:ĂŠ
87:j
84:,
81:s
78:t
75:É
69:ÉĄ
66:Ë
63:,
60:s
57:t
51:ÉĄ
48:/
44:(
36:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
