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householder exits the house and attacks
Gheorghiță, who defends himself and hits Bogza on his forehead with the hatchet, while the dog bites Bogza's neck. Ilie Cuțui surrenders and confirms the woman's accusations, while Bogza, who was gravely wounded by the dog's bite, confesses his guilt and asks to be forgiven.
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Vitoria organizes a big feast in Sabasa to bury
Nechifor's remains, inviting the undersheriff and the two householders from Suha. The woman accuses Calistrat Bogza of hitting her husband from behind to take his sheep, with Cuțui standing guard so they would not be surprised by a passerby. The furious
223:
The
Hatchet is considered a monograph of a traditional Romanian village because it shows the aspects of the village typology with Romanian traditions and superstitions; baptism, wedding, and funeral. The title is based on the weapon that makes both criminals confess but also refers to the weapon with
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Thinking quickly, Vitoria draws a conclusion as to where
Nechifor Lipan had been killed, and what happened between Suha and Sabasa. She returns to Stânișoara Pass, and finds Nechifor's dog in a villager's courtyard. The dog leads her to a ravine where Nechifor's body is found, together with that of
201:
village, where he waited for news from his father to pay some debts. Vitoria and
Gheorghiță embark on a mythical journey, at the end of which they find Nechifor's dead body and take their revenge on the thieves who killed him. The determined and clever Vitoria Lipan is a unique female character in
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Valley and seem to have quickly grown wealthier, and their wives became vain and spendthrift. Summoned to the city hall, Bogza and Cuțui say they bought all of the sheep from Lipan and went to the Cross of the
Italians with Nechifor, returning to his house. After Vitoria gets some advice, Maria
27:
303:
to report her husband missing. The county's prefect confirms it is possible
Nechifor has been robbed and killed, substantiating Vitoria's fear. The woman decides to search for her husband with Gheorghiță, taking a hatchet to defend themselves from evil-doers.
284:). Nechifor needs to pay their debts for fodder and workers' wages, and needs to return home with his son, Gheorghiță. After waiting a month, Nechifor's wife Vitoria dreams one night that Nechifor rides on a horse into the sunset, and she believes he is dead.
196:
dismiss her premonition but for
Vitoria, archaic symbols and superstitions are more trustworthy than the books of the priests or the science of the government officials. She calls home her son Gheorghiță, who is on business in
220:; "Șalga", from which comes the theme of the courageous village woman who searches for groups of thieves and takes revenge for their crimes – and "Dolca", from which the author took the link between humans and nature.
474:
his horse. Nechifor's skull was broken by a hatchet, proving his death was violent. The authorities investigate Bogza and Cuțui, who continue to say that they parted ways with
Nechifor after they had been paid.
432:. Arriving in Suha, Vitoria finds out from the publican Iorgu Vasiliu and his wife Maria only two shepherds had walked through there since autumn. The two shepherds, Calistrat Bogza and Ilie Cuțui, live in the
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structure, and the conflict between the three villagers and
Vitoria's perseverance in the search for her dead husband. The author was also inspired by other popular, mid-19th-century ballads by
359:, where the sale records of Nechifor state that he bought 300 sheep, and then decided 100 sheep went to two other unknown mountain householders. The flocks of sheep had been sent to the
327:
After she sells at Noon on 10 March the rest of their sheep to a Jewish merchant, David, Vitoria and Gheorghiță begin walking the route Nechifor walked to Dorna. They travel across the
378:
The former "Cross of the Italians" in Stânișoara Pass. It was built by Italian stonemasons in 1914, when the Road of the Italians was completed, and it was destroyed by war in 1944.
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launches a rumor in Suha that the sheep that were sold to the two shepherds are questionable because after Nechifor's death, there were no witnesses, and no documents were signed.
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and to fast for twelve Fridays in a row, hoping Nechifor will eventually return. After Gheorghiță returns home around the winter holidays, Vitoria goes to the
838:
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705:. București: The Book Publishing House, 1955. Translated by Eugenia Farca. Later editions: London, 1965 and New York, 1991.
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which the dead shepherd was murdered. The novel is divided into 16 chapters. It was adapted into an eponymous movie,
205:
The Hatchet is considered Sadoveanu's greatest work and a creative adaptation of themes from the famous Romanian
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Elder Pricop – blacksmith from Farcașa who invites Vitoria and Gheorghiță for dinner during their travels.
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974:, publishing house of the Royal Foundation for Literature and Art, Bucharest, 1941, pp. 559-560.
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Lupu' – the dog of the Lipan family who leads the family to Nechifor's corpse and bites Bogza.
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Vitoria Lipan – Nechifor Lipan's wife and mother of seven children, five of whom have died.
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Vitoria and Gheorghiță go on the Neagra Valley to find the flocks of sheep, going through
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at the beginning of the 20th century. The area was visited by Sadoveanu before he wrote
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Ilie Cuțui – short mountain villager and Bogza's accomplice in Nechifor Lipan's murder.
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After hints from the priest Dănilă and the elder Maranda, Vitoria decides to pray to
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The novel's main character is Vitoria Lipan, the wife of a shepherd living in the
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1013:, Publishing House of the Romanian Cultural Foundation, Bucharest, 2000, p. 199.
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who went missing. Descends from a family of shepherds and owns a flock of sheep.
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Spiru Gheorghiu and Iancu Neculau – organizers of illegal gambling games, from
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and does not give any sign of life for twenty days. He did move the sheep from
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355:, asking everywhere if Nechifor had been there. Vitoria eventually arrives in
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688:. Budapest: Székesfűváros Irodalmi Intézete, 1948. Translated by Nora Aradi.
526:
859:
802:. Buenos-Aires: Seijos y Goyanarte, 1964. Translated by María Teresa León.
630:. München: Albert Langen/Georg Müller, 1936. Translated by Harald Krasser.
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188:. Vitoria has a premonition her husband Nechifor, who has gone to the town
371:, and from there the three comrades were supposed to have continued home.
1000:, publishing house Biblioteca Bucureștilor, Bucharest, 2011, pp. 121-122.
958:, publishing house Library Socec & Co., Bucharest, 1937, pp. 196-197.
772:, Lisabona: Edicão Livra do Brasil, 1962. Translated by Alexandre Cabral.
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to buy some sheep from a villager. Nechifor does not return home from
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Ion Dodu Bălan, "Reciting Baltagul", postface to Mihail Sadoveanu,
664:. Helsinki: Oy Suomen kirja, 1944. Translated by Hilkka Koskiluoma.
654:. Bratislava: Slovenska Grafia, 1943. Translated by Zuzka Dovalová.
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the Romanian traditionalist novel, despite the female stereotypes.
181:
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Calistrat Bogza – tall mountain villager who kills Nechifor Lipan.
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Minodora Lipan – daughter of Nechifor and Vitoria who is sent to
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to buy more sheep, has died. The local priest and the county's
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942:, vol. I, publishing house Minerva, Bucharest, 1972, p. 205.
782:. Athens: Difros, 1962. Translated by Doin. Hrysanthakopulu.
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Elder Alexa – an old man who looks after sheep for Nechifor.
511:
Priest Danil (Dănilă) Milieș – a priest from Tarcău village.
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History of the contemporary romanian literature (1900-1937)
698:. Sofia: Narodna Kultura, 1948. Translated by Janka Miteva.
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and premiered in October 1969; Vitoria Lipan was played by
26:
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holiday (26 October), shepherd Nechifor Lipan leaves for
972:
Istoria literaturii române de la origini până în prezent
212:, which inspired the novel. The novel uses the ballad's
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Maria – Iorgu Vasiliu's wife who seems to start rumors.
812:. Belgrade: Nolit, 1964. Translated by Aurel Gavrilov.
678:. Milano: A. Mondadori, 1944. Translated by Gino Lupi.
792:. Copenhagen: Skrifola, 1963. Translated by Per Skar.
715:. Editions Le Livre, București, 1955. Translated by
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Gheorghiță Lipan – the son of Nechifor and Vitoria.
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536:David – a Jewish merchant and friend of Nechifor.
1216:
1208:, Publishing House Ion Creangă, Bucharest, 1987
546:Anastase Balmez – subsherrif from Neamț county.
644:, 1938. Translated by Marie Karásková-Kojecká.
299:and request spiritual advice, then leaves for
1011:The History of the Romanian movie (1897-2000)
16:Romanian 1930 crime novel by Mihail Sadoveanu
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987:, publishing house Minerva, Bucharest, 1971.
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520:Mitrea – the farm-hand of the Lipan family.
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940:Romanian Literature Between Two World Wars
563:Dumitru Macovei și Toma – innkeepers from
25:
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837:. Moscow: Izvestija, 1983. Translated by
491:Nechifor Lipan – a wealthy shepherd from
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748:, 1959. Translated by Ingegerd Granlund.
514:Crone Maranda – witch of Tarcău village.
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858:. Oslo: Gyldendal, 1997. Translated by
676:L'osteria di ancutza. La scure: romanzi
505:while her mother searches for Nechifor.
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762:, 1960. Translated by Rajmund Florans.
822:. Ljubljana: Prešernova družba, 1966.
252:at the beginning of the 20th century.
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590:Ileana – Calistrat Bogza's wife.
517:Iordan – the publican of Tarcău.
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574:Iorgu Vasiliu – innkeeper from
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760:Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy
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465:, also known nowadays as the
1240:20th-century Romanian novels
280:to their winter pastures in
7:
730:, was published in 1973 by
717:Alexandru Duiliu Zamfirescu
593:Gafița – Ilie Cuțui's wife.
339:(where David leaves them),
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726:. Another translation, by
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228:, which was directed by
151:Hatchet (disambiguation)
539:Donea – innkeeper from
295:to pray to the icon of
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1175:"Baltagul, Chapter 16"
1150:"Baltagul, Chapter 15"
1125:"Baltagul, Chapter 14"
1100:"Baltagul, Chapter 13"
1075:"Baltagul, Chapter 11"
936:Ovid S. Crohmălniceanu
913:"Baltagul, Chapter 12"
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1050:"Baltagul, Chapter 3"
1025:"Baltagul, Chapter 2"
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529:Visarion – abbot of
456:Road of the Italians
408:Road of the Italians
363:for the winter from
361:Neagra Șarului River
173:that was written by
149:For other uses, see
996:Călin Stănculescu,
746:Rabén & Sjögren
406:, traveling on the
47:Original title
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1204:Mihail Sadoveanu,
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883:Mihail Sadoveanu.
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276:village (close to
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820:Nechiforjeva žena
728:Profira Sadoveanu
613:Cartea Românească
553:. Been caught in
503:Văratec Monastery
218:Vasile Alecsandri
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860:Steinar Lone
770:A machadinha
734:, București.
713:Le hachereau
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357:Vatra Dornei
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169:) is a 1930
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31:1939 edition
20:The Hatchet
1225:1930 novels
1206:The Hatchet
842: [
720: [
703:The Hatchet
565:Șaru Dornei
459: [
448: [
422: [
417:across the
411: [
384:Șaru Dornei
321:The Hatchet
282:Jijia River
171:crime novel
158:The Hatchet
71:Crime novel
1219:Categories
1184:2021-02-25
1159:2021-02-25
1134:2021-02-25
1109:2021-02-25
1084:2021-02-25
1059:2021-02-25
1034:2020-02-25
922:2020-02-24
894:2020-02-24
766:Portuguese
758:, Warsaw:
642:Melantrich
638:Tři jezdci
482:Characters
369:Prut River
365:Ștefănești
337:Călugăreni
297:Saint Anne
289:Saint Mary
852:Norwegian
827:‹See Tfd›
780:To peleki
756:Zaginiony
701:English:
692:Bulgarian
682:Hungarian
640:. Praha:
620:‹See Tfd›
274:Cristești
182:Moldavian
128:Paperback
77:Publisher
985:Baltagul
800:El Hacha
672:La scure
609:Baltagul
605:Romanian
434:Doi Meri
396:Broșteni
388:Păltiniș
349:Broșteni
226:Baltagul
184:village
167:Baltagul
163:Romanian
124:Hardback
61:Romanian
57:Language
51:Baltagul
831:Russian
816:Slovene
806:Serbian
796:Spanish
738:Swedish
686:A balta
668:Italian
658:Finnish
652:Horalka
628:Die Axt
615:, 1930.
555:Farcașa
454:on the
392:Dârmoxa
367:by the
341:Farcașa
210:Miorița
194:prefect
161:(orig.
140:Miorița
122:Print (
103:Romania
810:Osveta
786:Danish
752:Polish
709:French
696:Брадва
674:. In:
648:Slovak
624:German
569:Sabasa
551:Galați
493:Tarcău
404:Sabasa
402:, and
353:Crucea
351:, and
317:Sabasa
270:Tarcău
207:ballad
142:
126:&
37:Author
867:Notes
846:]
835:Чекан
790:Øksen
776:Greek
724:]
634:Czech
541:Bicaz
463:]
452:]
426:]
415:]
400:Borca
345:Borca
333:Bicaz
313:Borca
266:Rarău
258:Dorna
199:Jijia
190:Dorna
67:Genre
856:Øksa
742:Yxan
576:Suha
567:and
430:Suha
315:and
278:Iași
240:Plot
214:epic
114:1955
93:1930
428:to
256:In
177:.
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875:^
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844:ro
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424:ro
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398:,
394:,
390:,
386:,
347:,
343:,
335:,
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1062:.
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130:)
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