293:. When Kuula refused the opportunity, the commission fell to Madetoja, who had also expressed interest in the project. The composition process, begun in late December 1917, took Madetoja much longer than expected; letters to his mother indicate that he had entertained hopes of completing the opera by the end of 1920 and, when this deadline passed, 1921 and, eventually, 1922. In the end, the opera was not completed until September 1923, although it would be another full year until the opera premiered. Nevertheless, some of the music (from Acts 1 and 2) did see the light of day sooner, as Madetoja had pieced together a five-number orchestral suite at the behest of Kajanus, who premiered the suite on 8 March 1923 in Bergen, Norway during his orchestra tour; the reviews were positive, describing the music as "interesting and strange".
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the
Sheriff whips Jussi, seeking a confession. Their confrontation eventually spills into the main hall, where Jussi laments that he has been "beaten like a dog, like an old horse". He warns the Sheriff to stay away from him, but when he nonetheless advances, Jussi breaks his shackles and brandishes his knife. The Sheriff draws his revolver and fires two shots at Jussi, who nevertheless manages to stab the Sheriff to death. Although mortally wounded, Jussi's death is not immediate. Erkki, Maija (who confesses to being Antti's actual abettor), and Liisa each take a turn lamenting Jussi's fate. He drops to his knees and describes his vision: the oppressors are vanquished and the Ostrobothnians are slaves no longer. He asks Liisa to close his eyes, and her grief-stricken face is the last he ever sees.
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939:. The village people have assembled on the Harri farm for dancing, but the arrival of a gang of ruffians interrupts the merrymaking. The men seek to plunder the farm, but withdraw when their leader, Köysti, loses in a wrestling match with Jussi. The victory is short-lived, when Jussi and the others discover that, during the fighting, Antti has disappeared. The act ends with the villagers searching for the escaped convict.
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they all nonetheless remove their hats out of deference to the law. The
Sheriff demands to see Antti's travel paperwork, which Jussi comes forward to provide, but without removing his hat. Offended, the Sheriff strikes his whip, knocking Jussi's hat to the ground. Jussi, however, manages to grab the whip and defiantly breaks it in half. The sheriff departs, threatening reprisals for any future insolence.
200:. The enthusiasm of critics and the public quickly elevated the work to the (informal) status of the country's "national opera". Working in its favor was Madetoja's use of well-known folk melodies and the libretto's focus on freedom from oppression and self-determination, the allegorical qualities of which were particularly salient to a country that had
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self-determination, the allegorical qualities of which were particularly salient in a country that had recently emerged from a war for independence; and, the skillful combination of comedic and tragic elements. The introduction to Act 1 (No. 2: Song of the
Prisoner in the suite), for example, is based upon a famous Ostrobothnian folk song,
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tour; the reviews were positive, describing the music as "interesting and strange". The two most famous numbers of the suite are No. 1 Open Plain (arranged from Act 2 of the opera, "Hoi
Mansikki") and No. 2 Song of the Prisoner (arranged from the prelude to Act 1 of the opera). The numbers of the complete suite are as follows:
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Jussi and Liisa's love continues to blossom, and they begin to plan their wedding. Word of Antti's escape has reached the
Sheriff, who returns to the Harri farm to interrogate the Ostrobothnians and sniff out the fugitive's confederates; accompanying the Sheriff is the Scribe, Lay Judge, and Bailiff.
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The accused is brought before the
Sheriff and after a brief sham trial, Jussi is handcuffed—his protestations of innocence notwithstanding—and taken into a backroom. The Lay Judge warns the Sheriff not to abuse his power and flout the law, but the Sheriff pushes past him and enters the room. Inside
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Liisa, a young servant girl at the Harri farm, pines for the brave Jussi; gradually she makes her feelings known to him. Jussi, with growing awareness of Liisa's beauty and innocence, begins to spend more time with her and soon their relationship deepens into love. Antti, who has been at court for
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As an interlude, the focus shifts to two farmhands, Kaappo and Salttu, who have been drinking on the job and, thoroughly inebriated, are wallowing in self-pity. The arrival of the
Sheriff interrupts the revelry. Although the Ostrobothnian farmers despise him for his brutal and oppressive tactics,
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recently its independence from Russia. This inaugural production ran until
November 1940, for a total of 90 performances, making it the greatest success of Madetoja's career. Today, the opera is recognized as Finland's first significant contribution to the operatic repertoire and has been revived
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Some of the music (from Acts 1 and 2) did see the light of day before the premiere of the completed opera, as
Madetoja had pieced together a five-number orchestral suite at the behest of Robert Kajanus, who premiered the suite on 8 March 1923 in Bergen, Norway during his orchestra
913:). Maija, who is nervous to meet Antti and has gone into the woods, overhears her beloved's sorrowful song. Her brother Jussi, the young master of the Harri farm, retrieves her and arranges for the two lovers to meet alone. Maija struggles with her emotions: having recently converted to
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was due to a confluence of factors: the appeal of the music, tonal but darkly colored; the use of folk melodies (blended with
Madetoja's own idiom) familiar to the audience; a libretto (also by Madetoja) based upon a well-known and beloved play; a story about freedom from oppression and
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Kaappo is the first to be brought before the Sheriff; intimidated and confused, the farmhand provides false testimony that he last saw Antti drinking with Jussi. Kaisa, a motherly tenant of the Harri farm, provides far more resistance when she is questioned; her strategy of
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in 1852, after which followed a "long hiatus" until the rise of the national Romantic movement and "the desire to find an opera to reflect the burgeoning national values". Certainly, the country did not lack for attempts at forging a "national opera": for example,
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917:, she has renounced everything material but nonetheless still feels love for Antti and concern for his well-being. She begs him to repent his sins; he refuses, saying that it was incumbent upon him to defend her honor.
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sentencing, returns to the farm and announces that he has been convicted and ordered to prison. Maija, devastated, decides God's will cannot be for Antti to spend his life behind bars, and she persuades him to go
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The first performance of the complete opera on 25 October 1924 at the Finnish National Opera (which, incidentally, was also the one-thousandth performance in the history of the Opera House). The director was
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The work is also well known in its abridged form, a five-movement suite for orchestra that Madetoja excerpted from Acts 1 and 2 of the (then-unfinished) stage production's score and which
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enrages the Sheriff and he orders her out. After Kaisa departs, the Sheriff orders the Scribe to retrieve Jussi; he draws his whip from the side of his boot, itching for a fight.
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376:), which was one of the 262 folk songs Kuula had collected during his travels and which made its way into Madetoja's nationalistic opera, becoming its signature leitmotif.
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Refers to the year in which the performers recorded the work; this may not be the same as the year in which the recording was first released to the general public.
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immediately became a fixture of the Finnish operatic repertoire (where it remains today), and was even produced abroad during Madetoja's lifetime, in
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394:. The principal characters are Jussi (baritone), his sister Maija (soprano), her fiancee Antti (tenor), and Jussi's love Liisa (mezzo-soprano).
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Antti Hanka, a young freehold farmer, awaits trial for having stabbed a cobbler who insulted his fiancée, Maija Harri. Returning from the
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have also been translated to English as: No. 2 Prisoner's Song, No. 3 Thugs, No. 4 Arrival Reel, and No. 5 Dances.
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330:: in the creation of a Finnish national opera, a watershed moment for a country lacking an operatic tradition of its own. In
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and features as its central conflict the deteriorating relationship between the farm community and its oppressive sheriff.
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and transported to the Harri farm by Maija's father, Antti—shackled and dressed in prisoner's garb—sings the folk song
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1786:(booklet). Petri Sakari & Iceland Symphony Orchestra. Colchester, England: Chandos. p. 4–7. CHAN 9036.
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of thirteen roles, of which ten are for male and three are for female voice types; the opera also includes
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conflicted with his personal preference for fairy tale or legend-based subject matter, in keeping with the
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181:. The story, variously comedic and tragic, takes place around 1850 in the historical Finnish province of
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1774:(booklet). Arvo Volmer & Oulu Symphony Orchestra. Tampere, Finland: Alba. p. 4–6. ABCD 132.
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in November 1917. Although Kuula viewed the play as a strong candidate for a libretto, its
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It was, perhaps, the greatest triumph of Madetoja's entire career. Indeed, with
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Madetoja, L.: Symphony No. 3, The Ostrobothnians Suite, Okon Fuoko Suite
1513:. Nevertheless, each failed to capture the public's (lasting) attention.
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Inventing Finnish Music: Contemporary Composers from Medieval to Modern
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A servant girl in the Harri household who is in love with Jussi
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in three acts written from 1917 to 1924 by the Finnish composer
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Roles, character descriptions, voice types, premiere performers
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A freehold farmer in charge of the transport of prisoners
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premiered in on 25 October 1924 under the baton of
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Madetoja Orchestral Works 1: I Have Fought My Battle
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The son of Erkki and the young master of Harri farm
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334:, Katila wrote on behalf of many Finns, calling
21:"Pohjalaisia" redirects here. For the play, see
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482:A young freehold farmer who is now a prisoner
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1736:: 3-act opera, composer Leevi Madetoja].
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1755:. Finnish Music Information Center (FIMIC).
1584:P. Sakari–Chandos (CHAN 6626) 2000
876:opera that details the hardships of Finnish
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1573:N. Fougstedt–Fennica (SS 12) 1965
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1211:): Allegro moderato, rubato—Allegro vivace
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1595:A. Volmer–Alba (ABCD 132) 2000
158:; occasionally translated to English as
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1742:(in Finnish). No. 246. p. 7.
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1535:J. Panula–Finlandia (511002) 1992
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1487:in 1913 and 1917, respectively, with
567:A dependent tenant on the Harri farm
453:A dependent tenant on the Harri farm
16:Opera in three acts by Leevi Madetoja
2178:Finnish Composers' Copyright Society
1436:The first notable Finnish opera was
319:, based drawings by Ilmari Mattson.
281:The commission was first offered to
845:The historical Finnish province of
592:A hired farmhand on the Harri farm
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815:Villagers, ruffians, and players
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1347:Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra
1272:Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra
1114:Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra
1027:Finnish National Opera Orchestra
948:The main cabin on the Harri farm
893:The main cabin on the Harri farm
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1795:(in Finnish). Helsinki: Tammi.
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907:Tuuli se taivutti koivun larvan
880:living under Russian dominance.
373:Tuuli se taivutti koivun larvan
229:Tuuli se taivutti koivun larvan
190:Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra
2330:Operas set in the 19th century
2220:Royal Swedish Academy of Music
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1420:Notes, references, and sources
1:
1082:Finnish National Opera Chorus
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57:
2355:20th-century classical music
2237:Society of Finnish Composers
1770:Pulliainen, Riitta (2000a).
1559:The individual movements to
291:Wagnerian operatic tradition
7:
1791:Salmenhaara, Erkki (1987).
1467:in 1909 with the Wagnerian
1152:Finnish Radio Chamber Choir
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192:premiered the opera at the
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1308:Iceland Symphony Orchestra
930:The yard of the Harri farm
308:and the set design was by
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1728:Anon. (23 October 1924).
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121:25 October 1924
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2345:Suites by Leevi Madetoja
2310:Operas by Leevi Madetoja
2195:Madetoja School of Music
2109:Helsinki Music Institute
1747:Korhonen, Kimmo (2007).
1561:The Ostrobothnians Suite
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212:premiered to acclaim in
188:On 25 October 1924, the
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2320:Finnish-language operas
2016:Family & colleagues
1460:The Maiden of the North
1380:Oulu Symphony Orchestra
1147:Jorma Hynninen (2)
911:The Wind Bent the Birch
368:The Wind Bent the Birch
224:The Wind Bent the Birch
2249:University of Helsinki
1196:Song of the Prisoner (
1193:): Andantino—Pùi lento
408:Character description
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194:Finnish National Opera
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132:Finnish National Opera
2335:Operas based on plays
2325:Operas set in Finland
416:25 October 1924
1851:List of compositions
1156:La Stelle di Domani
1127:Ritva-Liisa Korhonen
622:An imperious lawman
2224:Member No. 274
2147:Jukka-Pekka Saraste
2118:Select interpreters
1974:The Garden of Death
1886: (1930s, lost)
1884:Symphony No. 4
1877:Symphony No. 3
1871:Symphony No. 2
1865:Symphony No. 1
1341:Jukka-Pekka Saraste
1266:Nils-Eric Fougstedt
1108:Jukka-Pekka Saraste
797:Three village boys
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346:, Germany in 1926;
328:famously had failed
196:under the baton of
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1911:The Ostrobothnians
1780:Salmenhaara, Erkki
1734:The Ostrobothnians
1652:Pulliainen (2000a)
1637:Salmenhaara (1992)
1622:Salmenhaara (1987)
1489:Seitsemän veljestä
1220:): Tempo di Marcia
868:The Ostrobothnians
851:The Ostrobothnians
492:Alexis af Enehjelm
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385:The Ostrobothnians
363:The Ostrobothnians
340:The Ostrobothnians
336:The Ostrobothnians
324:The Ostrobothnians
269:The Ostrobothnians
147:The Ostrobothnians
111:Artturi Järviluoma
31:The Ostrobothnians
23:Pohjalaisia (play)
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2214:Helsingin Sanomat
2207:Erkki Salmenhaara
2183:Oulu Music Center
2152:Georg Schnéevoigt
1762:978-952-5076-61-5
1446:(Kung Karls jakt)
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1391:Oulu Music Center
1229:): Moderato mosso
1223:Leaps and Jumps (
1202:): Lento maestoso
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630:Thorild Bröderman
436:Jennie Costiander
332:Helsingin sanomat
299:Jalmari Lahdensuo
273:Tauno Hannikainen
198:Tauno Hannikainen
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2132:
2127:
2125:Robert Kajanus
2121:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2087:Erik Furuhjelm
2084:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2068:
2056:
2054:Selim Palmgren
2051:
2049:Erkki Melartin
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2023:L. Onerva
2019:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1997:Vincent d'Indy
1993:
1991:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1950:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1931:
1923:
1915:
1907:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1888:
1880:
1874:
1868:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1854:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1842:Leevi Madetoja
1838:
1837:
1830:
1823:
1815:
1808:
1807:
1801:
1793:Leevi Madetoja
1788:
1776:
1767:
1761:
1744:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1716:
1679:
1656:
1641:
1626:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1598:
1587:
1576:
1565:
1552:
1538:
1527:
1515:
1494:Seven Brothers
1475:Selim Palmgren
1465:Erkki Melartin
1428:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1400:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1377:
1369:
1368:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1344:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1328:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1305:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1269:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1241:
1238:
1231:
1230:
1221:
1212:
1203:
1194:
1184:
1179:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1165:Kulttuuritalo
1163:
1160:
1157:
1149:
1144:
1137:
1123:
1116:
1111:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1079:
1075:Jorma Hynninen
1071:
1057:
1043:
1029:
1024:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
972:
971:
966:
963:
955:circumlocution
949:
944:
941:
931:
926:
923:
894:
889:
886:
866:
859:
858:
857:
844:
837:
836:
835:
834:
833:
831:
828:
825:
824:
821:
816:
813:
807:
806:
803:
800:
798:
794:
793:
790:
789:girls' voices
787:
785:
781:
780:
775:
772:
760:
759:
749:Sulo Räikkönen
745:
740:
728:
727:
713:
710:
707:
695:
694:
680:
675:
672:
668:
667:
653:
648:
645:
641:
640:
626:
623:
620:
608:
607:
593:
590:
586:
585:
571:
568:
565:
561:
560:
546:
541:
538:
532:
531:
517:
512:
509:
503:
502:
488:
483:
480:
474:
473:
459:
454:
451:
447:
446:
432:
427:
424:
418:
417:
412:
409:
406:
381:
378:
354:in 1930; and,
266:
265:
256:
255:
247:
246:
245:
244:
243:
241:
238:
210:Robert Kajanus
179:Leevi Madetoja
173:
141:
140:
130:
120:
118:
114:
113:
101:
97:
96:
91:
87:
86:
85:Leevi Madetoja
83:
79:
78:
71:
67:
66:
56:The composer (
54:
46:
45:
42:Leevi Madetoja
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2367:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2284:
2281:
2268:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2250:
2247:
2243:
2238:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2201:
2196:
2193:
2189:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2104:Jean Sibelius
2102:
2100:
2097:
2093:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2073:
2065:
2060:
2059:Olavi Pesonen
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2014:
2008:
2007:Jean Sibelius
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1988:
1977: (1918,
1976:
1975:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1847:
1843:
1836:
1831:
1829:
1824:
1822:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1804:
1802:951-30-6725-4
1798:
1794:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1768:
1764:
1758:
1753:
1752:
1745:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1731:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1719:
1713:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1677:, p. 60.
1676:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1653:
1648:
1646:
1638:
1633:
1631:
1623:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1585:
1580:
1574:
1569:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1545:
1543:
1536:
1531:
1522:
1520:
1512:
1511:
1507:in 1922 with
1506:
1502:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1477:in 1910 with
1476:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1453:in 1898 with
1452:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1423:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1359:Kulttuuritalo
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1263:
1262:
1235:
1222:
1213:
1204:
1195:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1150:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1093:Kulttuuritalo
1091:
1088:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1018:
1017:
975:
969:
968:
962:
958:
956:
950:
947:
940:
938:
932:
929:
922:
918:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
899:remand prison
895:
892:
879:
875:
874:
869:
863:
852:
848:
841:
822:
820:
817:
814:
809:
808:
804:
802:boys' voices
801:
799:
796:
795:
791:
788:
786:
783:
782:
776:
773:
764:The Bailiff (
762:
761:
755:
750:
746:
744:
741:
730:
729:
723:
718:
714:
711:
697:
696:
690:
685:
681:
679:
678:bass-baritone
676:
673:
670:
669:
663:
658:
654:
652:
651:mezzo-soprano
649:
646:
643:
642:
636:
631:
627:
624:
621:
612:The Sheriff (
610:
609:
603:
598:
594:
591:
588:
587:
581:
576:
572:
566:
563:
562:
556:
551:
547:
545:
542:
539:
534:
533:
527:
522:
518:
516:
513:
510:
505:
504:
498:
493:
489:
487:
484:
481:
476:
475:
469:
464:
463:Elbe Nissinen
460:
458:
455:
452:
449:
448:
442:
437:
433:
431:
428:
425:
420:
419:
414:Premiere cast
403:
395:
393:
389:
386:
377:
374:
369:
364:
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
320:
316:
311:
310:Martti Tuukka
305:
300:
294:
292:
288:
284:
274:
270:
260:
251:
237:
235:
230:
225:
215:
211:
206:
203:
199:
195:
191:
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
169:
167:
163:
162:
161:The Bothnians
157:
155:
150:(in Finnish:
149:
148:
137:
133:
119:
115:
112:
107:
106:
102:
98:
95:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
52:
47:
43:
38:
34:
29:
24:
19:
2212:
2135:Petri Sakari
2130:Jorma Panula
2082:Robert Fuchs
2034:Poul Knudsen
2025: (wife)
2002:CĂ©sar Franck
1972:
1957: (1913)
1952:
1949: (1909)
1944:
1930: (1935)
1925:
1922: (1927)
1917:
1914: (1924)
1910:
1909:
1906: (1910)
1901:
1879: (1926)
1873: (1918)
1867: (1916)
1792:
1783:
1771:
1750:
1737:
1733:
1714:, p. 7.
1654:, p. 4.
1590:
1579:
1568:
1560:
1555:
1530:
1509:
1499:
1492:
1488:
1485:Armas Launis
1480:Daniel Hjort
1478:
1469:
1458:
1455:Pohjan neiti
1454:
1445:
1440:
1432:
1295:Petri Sakari
1199:Vangin laulu
1187:Open Plain (
1180:
1141:Raimo Sirkiä
1120:Monica Groop
1061:Eero Erkkilä
1021:Jorma Panula
959:
951:
946:
933:
928:
919:
910:
906:
896:
891:
871:
867:
850:
847:Ostrobothnia
778:Sulo Halinen
735:Herastuomari
717:Eric Wilkman
699:The Scribe (
597:Emil Mantila
384:
383:
367:
362:
360:
339:
335:
331:
323:
321:
295:
280:
268:
223:
219:Vangin laulu
207:
187:
183:Ostrobothnia
160:
159:
151:
146:
145:
144:
103:
74:
70:Native title
61: 1920s
18:
2315:1924 operas
2240: [
2227: [
2198: [
2186: [
2162:Arvo Volmer
2138: [
2090: [
2062: [
2039:Toivo Kuula
1981: 1919)
1624:, p. .
1406: [
1394: [
1374:Arvo Volmer
1322: [
1298: [
1130: [
1064: [
1050: [
1047:Raita Karpo
1036: [
1033:Maija Lokka
752: [
720: [
687: [
660: [
657:Lahja Linko
633: [
615:Vallesmanni
600: [
578: [
553: [
550:Toivo Louko
536:Jussi Harri
524: [
521:Bruno Jorma
507:Erkki Harri
495: [
478:Antti Hanka
466: [
439: [
422:Maija Harri
411:Voice type
392:mixed choir
313: [
302: [
283:Toivo Kuula
267:Madetoja's
154:Pohjalaisia
105:Pohjalaisia
75:Pohjalaisia
2304:Categories
2044:Eino Leino
2029:Aino Ackté
1990:Influences
1919:Okon Fuoko
1858:Symphonies
1739:Uusi Suomi
1712:Anon. 1924
1603:References
1349: (2)
1319:HáskĂłlabĂĂł
1274: (1)
1240:Orchestra
1237:Conductor
1205:Ruffians (
1168:Finlandia
980:Orchestra
977:Conductor
970:Full opera
965:Recordings
937:on the lam
767:Siltavouti
356:Copenhagen
352:Gothenburg
125:1924-10-25
82:Librettist
1364:Finlandia
1098:Finlandia
1077: (1)
457:contralto
358:in 1938.
350:in 1927;
348:Stockholm
234:leitmotif
2267:Category
2075:Teachers
1954:Kullervo
1782:(1992).
1500:Kullervo
1286:Fennica
1217:Tulopeli
878:peasants
830:Synopsis
743:baritone
702:Kriivari
544:baritone
136:Helsinki
117:Premiere
100:Based on
90:Language
1721:Sources
1503:; and,
1331:Chandos
1162:127:22
1089:121:28
915:Pietism
873:verismo
671:Köysti
589:Kaappo
564:Salttu
430:soprano
287:realism
240:History
171:verismo
123: (
94:Finnish
2350:Operas
2280:Portal
1946:Elegia
1799:
1759:
1497:) and
1387:16:15
1355:16:40
1315:16:45
1254:Label
1190:Lakeus
1009:Label
995:Choir
992:Jussi
989:Antti
986:Liisa
983:Maija
811:Chorus
712:tenor
644:Liisa
570:tenor
450:Kaisa
405:Roles
214:Bergen
2294:Opera
2244:]
2231:]
2202:]
2190:]
2142:]
2094:]
2066:]
1965:Piano
1903:Chess
1895:Stage
1732:[
1425:Notes
1410:]
1398:]
1384:1998
1352:1993
1326:]
1312:1991
1302:]
1248:Time
1226:Hypyt
1208:Häjyt
1159:1997
1134:]
1086:1975
1068:]
1054:]
1040:]
1003:Time
943:Act 3
925:Act 2
903:Vaasa
888:Act 1
870:is a
774:bass
756:]
724:]
691:]
664:]
637:]
625:bass
604:]
582:]
557:]
528:]
499:]
486:tenor
470:]
443:]
380:Roles
317:]
306:]
175:opera
37:Opera
1979:rev.
1927:Juha
1797:ISBN
1757:ISBN
1510:Juha
1470:Aino
1403:Alba
1258:Ref.
1244:Rec.
1013:Ref.
999:Rec.
819:SATB
515:bass
344:Kiel
1463:);
901:in
202:won
166:Op.
164:),
109:by
39:by
2306::
2242:fi
2229:sv
2200:fi
2188:fi
2140:fi
2092:fi
2064:fi
1682:^
1659:^
1644:^
1629:^
1610:^
1541:^
1518:^
1483:;
1473:;
1408:fi
1396:fi
1324:is
1300:fi
1283:?
1280:?
1277:?
1132:fi
1066:fi
1052:fi
1038:fi
823:?
805:?
792:?
754:fi
722:fi
689:fi
662:fi
635:fi
602:fi
580:fi
555:fi
526:fi
497:fi
468:fi
441:fi
315:fi
304:fi
236:.
134:,
58:c.
2282::
2233:)
2222:(
1834:e
1827:t
1820:v
1805:.
1765:.
1639:.
1491:(
1457:(
1154:,
909:(
853:.
770:)
738:)
705:)
618:)
370:(
275:.
226:(
127:)
63:)
25:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
