567:
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19:
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2011:
The
Inspiration4 mission may be the first time a spaceflight crew is comprised entirely of civilians – nongovernment astronauts. There has been a long history of ordinary citizens going to space. In fact, that was NASA's goal at the beginning of the space shuttle era – to fly regular people on a
517:, which provides a basic legal framework for commercial human spaceflight. It also creates the so-called "learning period," a temporary restriction on the FAA's ability to regulate the private spaceflight industry, which has since been extended multiple times.
46:, private companies did not begin conducting launches into space until the 1980s, and it was not until the 21st century that multiple companies began privately developing and operating launch vehicles and spacecraft in earnest.
839:, marking the first privately-developed crewed mission to space with a company founder to get above the Karman Line. The mission also launched the first person born in the 21st century in space and first teenager in space (
374:, a communications satellite operated at the time by Hughes Global Services Inc., becomes the first commercial spacecraft to visit the Moon, after flying to within 6,200 km of the lunar surface on a
1675:
75:
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634:, making them the first private group to command a spacecraft in deep space, though their plans to change the probe's orbit are abandoned weeks later when its thrusters fail to respond properly.
1706:
795:
Timeline of SpaceShipOne, SpaceShipTwo, CSXT and New
Shepard sub-orbital flights. Where booster and capsule achieved different altitudes, the higher is plotted. In
1039:– Polaris III is a planned mission that will involve the first ever crewed launch of SpaceX's Starship vehicle with a crew onboard, it is being funded by the Polaris Program, founded by
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77:
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42:, including important technical as well as legislative and political advances. Though the industry has its origins in the early 1960s, soon after the beginning of the
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marks the first time a commercially operated crewed mission was used to fly government astronauts as well as being the first private mission with a female commander.
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1998:
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becomes the first launch vehicle fully developed by a private company to reach space, as well as the first air launched rocket of any kind to reach orbit
1814:
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to space, marking the first privately-developed crewed mission to space carrying a founder of a space company. It however did not reach the Karman Line.
2907:
2430:
1068:
1233:. Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Space Technology and Science. Vol. 2. Tokyo, Japan: AGNE Publishing, Inc. (published 1986).
1363:
1698:
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652:(4M), the first commercial payload sent to fly by the Moon, attached to the third stage of the rocket that lifted Chinese lunar flyby spacecraft
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925:. Firefly launched this mission 27 hours after receiving notice to launch, setting a new national security mission responsive-launch record.
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into low Earth orbit. This was the first time that a rocket entered orbit after launching from a privately owned and operated spaceport.
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1207:
322:, an orbital mission consisting of a space capsule bearing gifts from Russia to the United States, is launched by the Russian company
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launches its Alpha FLTA002 rocket for the TO THE BLACK mission. The mission was the first successful orbital launch for the company.
242:
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1951:
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116:
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1990:
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organization to send a rocket into space, with the launch of their "GoFast" rocket to 116 km (72 miles) altitude.
119:
providing the regulatory framework for private companies in the United States to own and operate their own satellites.
101:, the first satellite to be used commercially, is launched on the first commercially sponsored space launch, aboard a
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626:– A private initiative known as the ISEE-3 Reboot Project successfully contacts and takes control of NASA's defunct
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launched world's first domestic communications satellite in geostationary orbit operated by a commercial company.
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1508:
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3015:
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2643:
921:– Firefly Aerospace conducts a successful orbital launch with the VICTUS NOX mission for the U.S. Space Force
168:, the first company to attempt private development and manufacture of space propulsion systems, is founded in
81:
The continous radio morse message "hi hi hi ..." by the first private satellites called OSCAR, beginning with
2804:
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known as "Early Bird" was the first commercial communications satellite to be placed in geosynchronous orbit.
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that had previously flown in April 2016, making it the first VTVL rocket to be used on two orbital flights.
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289:
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3042:
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2719:
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791:
595:
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becomes
America's first domestic and commercially launched geostationary communications satellite.
3289:
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2786:
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2500:
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1001:
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63:
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598:, marking the first time a privately developed and operated spacecraft is recovered from orbit.
375:
1304:
1128:
387:
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26:
holding a "For Sale" sign in 1984, referring to recovered non-functional private satellites (
1531:
1437:
1177:
881:
is the first wholly commercially-operated crewed mission to the
International Space Station.
3219:
2989:
2895:
2819:
2689:
2532:
1234:
1203:
815:, marking the first privately-developed crewed mission to orbit and first to visit the ISS.
688:, also known as the Spurring Private Aerospace Competitiveness and Entrepreneurship Act or
265:
835:– Blue Origin successfully launches Jeff Bezos on a New Shepard rocket to space above the
8:
3032:
2664:
2268:
2042:"SpaceX's gigantic Starship rocket blasts off and then explodes in its first test flight"
980:
becomes the fastest privately developed orbital launch vehicle to 50 launches in history.
977:
970:, marking the Starliner operational to conduct crewed mission to orbit and visit the ISS.
631:
206:
39:
1943:
1505:"Go "GoFast"! Space Frontier Foundation Congratulates First Amateur Team to Enter Space"
1238:
18:
2709:
812:
739:
579:
450:
194:
945:
Odysseus marks the first successful private lunar landing and the first to do so with
620:
with the
International Space Station, making it the first private spacecraft to do so.
2293:
2251:
1030:
888:
850:
771:
689:
536:
478:
344:(FAA), becoming the FAA Associate Administrator for Space Transportation, or FAA/AST.
2929:
2447:
1991:"SpaceX makes history by launching Inspiration4, first all-civilian crew, to orbit"
1463:
963:
836:
613:
468:
454:
301:
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142:
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181:
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822:
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653:
609:
271:
launched by Space
Services Inc., is the first rocket to launch with a commercial
268:
112:
732:
booster flown in
November, making it the first VTVL rocket to reach space twice.
2392:
2071:
After setting new record for responsive launch, Space Force eyes next challenge
1865:"SpaceX conducts historic Falcon 9 re-flight with SES-10 – Lands booster again"
1040:
1013:
707:
591:
524:
510:
500:
351:
327:
323:
272:
1253:"Arianespace was founded in 1980 as the world's first launch services company"
3420:
2630:
2135:"Rocket Lab successfully launches its 50th Electron rocket – Spaceflight Now"
901:, the largest and most powerful rocket to date, with twice the thrust of the
854:
840:
485:
conducts the first privately flown and funded crewed spaceflight, piloted by
438:
258:
becomes the first privately owned international telecommunications satellite.
234:
152:
1589:"Private space companies avoid FAA oversight again, with Congress' blessing"
399:
2106:"Intuitive Machines lands on the moon in historic first for a U.S. company"
997:
864:
826:
681:
486:
482:
446:
361:
331:
241:, which mandates NASA to encourage private spaceflight, and authorizes the
23:
1154:
574:
2223:
1558:
1033:, which is anticipated to be the first private mission to another planet.
878:
867:
mission, the first orbital spaceflight with only private citizens aboard.
729:
725:
667:
663:
605:
434:
427:, launches, becoming the first privately funded space station expedition.
412:
220:
172:, Germany, though its program is ultimately abandoned in the early 1980s.
1642:
209:, becoming the first privately owned and operated rocket to reach space.
2949:
949:
931:– Firefly Aerospace launches the Fly the Lightning mission, carrying a
767:
645:
305:
129:
102:
67:
27:
1479:"First Space Tourist: How a U.S. Millionaire Bought a Ticket to Orbit"
670:
launch system into space and lands it vertically, making it the first
570:
The second mission of the SpaceX Dragon capsule is berthed to the ISS.
340:– The Office of Commercial Space Transportation is transferred to the
1005:
946:
528:
284:
169:
98:
43:
1918:"Luxembourg becomes first European country to pass space mining law"
1672:"SpaceX becomes first private firm to launch craft to space station"
2417:
1784:"Blue Origin Flies — and Lands — New Shepard Suborbital Spacecraft"
1228:
1178:"Sept. 9, 1982: 3-2-1 ... Liftoff! The First Private Rocket Launch"
902:
703:
692:, which codifies the ability of American companies to own material
641:
550:
252:
155:
126:
31:
1730:"Data From the Rescued ISEE-3 Spacecraft Have a New Internet Home"
38:
The following is a timeline of important events in the history of
2944:
2172:"Polaris Dawn is getting closer and closer to being launch ready"
1386:"Russian Satellite to Splash Down Near Washington's Grays Harbor"
959:
857:
FLTA001 rocket DREAM Test Flight carrying demonstration payloads.
779:
420:
364:
EarlyBird-1 becomes the first commercial Earth imaging satellite.
139:
86:
82:
59:
2402:
546:
371:
807:– SpaceX successfully launches a Falcon 9 rocket carrying the
1944:"Jeff Bezos launches to space aboard New Shepard rocket ship"
986:– Firefly Aerospace launches the Noise of Summer mission for
255:
165:
3220:
R-7 (including
Semyorka, Molniya, Vostok, Voskhod and Soyuz)
2088:
Firefly's Fly the
Lightning Mission Launches from Vandenberg
1099:"OSCAR I and Amateur Radio Satellites: Celebrating 50 Years"
1838:"Blue Origin re-flies New Shepard used on Nov. 2015 flight"
942:
715:
671:
539:
that is the first inflatable habitat module to reach orbit.
1757:"First commercial mission to the moon launched from China"
2491:
1507:. Space Frontier Foundation. May 19, 2004. Archived from
1231:
Ariane — The first commercial space transportation system
1008:
record of highest orbit flown. It is being funded by the
453:
after paying for a seat arranged by the
American company
416:
1699:"Calling Back a Zombie Ship From the Graveyard of Space"
1412:"Hughes Salvages HGS-1 With Geo Orbit Transfer Via Moon"
1388:. Journal of Commerce. November 17, 1992. Archived from
760:, making Luxembourg the first European nation to do so.
2155:
Firefly successfully launched Alpha on Noise of Summer
288:
First launch of the Pegasus rocket, from a NASA-owned
1973:
Firefly set for inaugural test launch from Vandenberg
1074:
List of fully civilian crewed suborbital spaceflights
756:
adopts a law guaranteeing companies the right to own
245:
to regulate private spaceflight in the United States.
1204:"Heritage: Pioneering the Commercial Space Frontier"
2222:
1811:"SpaceX's Falcon Rocket Finally Sticks the Landing"
275:
from the Office of Commercial Space Transportation.
1229:Jaeger, Ralph-W.; Claudon, Jean-Louis (May 1986).
1069:List of fully civilian crewed orbital spaceflights
330:, before landing six days later off the coast of
3418:
1616:"ISS controllers complete BEAM module expansion"
1125:"July 12, 1962: The Day Information Went Global"
686:U.S. Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act
590:– SpaceX successfully launches and recovers its
2960:Timeline of first Earth observation satellites
2103:
1279:"Fact Sheet – Commercial Space Transportation"
1245:
1000:was launched that marked the first commercial
515:Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act of 2004
2208:
1666:
1664:
205:to an altitude of 309 km (192 miles) by
3396:Timeline of first images of Earth from space
553:rocket, the first privately developed fully
549:conducts the first successful launch of its
1643:"Sweet success at last for Falcon 1 rocket"
1582:
1580:
630:space probe with support from NASA and the
2215:
2201:
1989:Davenport, Christian (15 September 2021).
1661:
1559:"Private-spaceflight bill signed into law"
34:, both were later successfully relaunched)
2169:
1988:
1532:"Private craft soars into space, history"
1222:
905:. It however fails 4 minutes into flight.
728:successfully launches and lands the same
243:Office of Commercial Space Transportation
1915:
1577:
1305:"H.R.3942 – Commercial Space Launch Act"
821:– Virgin Galactic successfully launches
790:
573:
565:
415:, a crewed mission to the space station
403:First successful launch of the Falcon 1.
398:
386:
283:
180:
73:
17:
2025:Firefly succeeds on second Alpha flight
1924:from the original on September 22, 2017
1613:
1444:from the original on September 29, 2017
1418:from the original on September 29, 2017
3419:
2001:from the original on 16 September 2021
1897:from the original on September 9, 2019
1862:
1565:from the original on December 31, 2014
1464:"Soyuz TM-30 Return-to-Earth Timeline"
1328:
1326:
702:– SpaceX lands the first stage of its
2196:
1835:
1808:
1781:
1754:
1727:
1696:
1641:Clark, Stephen (September 28, 2008).
1640:
1586:
1556:
1529:
1175:
935:payload, on its Alpha FLTA004 rocket.
378:to salvage it from an unusable orbit.
223:becomes the world's first commercial
2777:Spaceflight-related human fatalities
1709:from the original on January 4, 2018
1678:from the original on August 26, 2016
1649:from the original on October 3, 2015
1538:from the original on August 12, 2016
1476:
1285:from the original on 13 October 2016
1184:from the original on October 9, 2016
1127:. NASA. July 9, 2012. Archived from
988:NASA's Venture Class Launch Services
117:Communications Satellite Act of 1962
1916:Jamasmie, Cecilia (July 13, 2017).
1817:from the original on March 22, 2017
1790:from the original on March 27, 2023
1755:Clark, Stephen (October 25, 2014).
1323:
1311:from the original on 10 August 2016
1105:from the original on April 16, 2016
799:hover over a point to show details.
778:on January 21, 2018 carrying three
674:rocket to land on Earth from space.
644:, an aerospace contractor based in
239:Commercial Space Launch Act of 1984
13:
3329:Communications satellite companies
2170:Kurkowski, Seth (April 14, 2024).
2069:Erwin, Sandra (26 September 2023)
1971:Clark, Stephen (2 September 2021)
1863:Graham, William (March 30, 2017).
1844:from the original on June 20, 2017
1809:Zhang, Sarah (December 12, 2015).
1622:from the original on June 18, 2016
1587:Grush, Loren (November 16, 2015).
1485:from the original on June 17, 2016
1210:from the original on 3 August 2015
714:, marking the first recovery of a
694:resources extracted in outer space
14:
3448:
3374:First orbital launches by country
1871:from the original on May 17, 2017
1836:Rhian, Jason (January 22, 2016).
1782:Foust, Jeff (November 24, 2015).
1763:from the original on May 21, 2016
1595:from the original on June 1, 2017
1557:Boyle, Alan (December 23, 2004).
1366:from the original on 23 June 2016
1340:from the original on 14 July 2016
1255:. arianespace.com. Archived from
1176:Abell, John (September 9, 2009).
1029:– Planned launch of Rocket Lab's
66:, is launched aboard an American
3401:Timeline of longest spaceflights
2153:... McCrea, Aaron (1 July 2024)
2086:Quijas, Ryan (22 December 2023)
2023:Sesnic, Trevor (1 October 2022)
1736:from the original on May 1, 2016
1697:Chang, Kenneth (June 14, 2014).
1530:Coren, Michael (July 14, 2004).
3406:Timeline of private spaceflight
3080:Super heavy-lift launch vehicle
2940:Communications satellite firsts
2163:
2147:
2127:
2116:from the original on 2024-02-22
2097:
2080:
2063:
2052:from the original on 2023-05-14
2034:
2017:
1982:
1965:
1954:from the original on 2023-02-04
1936:
1909:
1883:
1856:
1829:
1802:
1775:
1748:
1728:Davis, Jason (August 8, 2014).
1721:
1690:
1674:. The Telegraph. May 22, 2012.
1634:
1607:
1550:
1523:
1497:
1470:
1456:
1430:
1404:
1378:
1352:
582:touches down at Landing Zone 1.
465:Civilian Space eXploration Team
342:Federal Aviation Administration
320:Space Flight Europe-America 500
201:second stage, is launched from
185:Conestoga I prepared for launch
3437:Lists of firsts in outer space
1891:"Lux. Passes Space Mining Law"
1614:Harding, Pete (May 28, 2016).
1297:
1271:
1196:
1169:
1143:
1117:
1091:
958:– ULA successfully launches a
391:SpaceShipOne returns from its
49:
1:
3341:Private spaceflight companies
2284:Rocket and missile technology
2104:Michael Sheetz (2024-02-22).
1477:Wall, Mike (April 27, 2011).
1438:"Satellite Drama's Happy End"
1414:. Space Daily. June 8, 1998.
1153:. astronautix. Archived from
1084:
1079:Timeline of space exploration
766:– American aerospace company
718:stage from an orbital rocket.
650:Manfred Memorial Moon Mission
2955:Earth observation satellites
2810:Cumulative spacewalk records
2094:Retrieved September 9, 2024.
2077:Retrieved September 9, 2024.
1979:Retrieved September 9, 2024.
758:resources extracted in space
578:The first stage of SpaceX's
425:Russian Federal Space Agency
310:Orbital Sciences Corporation
7:
3379:First satellites by country
2160:Retrieved September 9, 2024
2031:Retrieved September 9, 2024
1466:. Space Ref. June 15, 2000.
1047:
443:International Space Station
10:
3453:
3070:Medium-lift launch vehicle
2871:Objects at Lagrange points
1059:Commercialization of space
770:successfully launched its
666:successfully launches its
497:Scaled Composites Tier One
423:in collaboration with the
3364:
3319:
3303:
3088:
3075:Heavy-lift launch vehicle
3065:Small-lift launch vehicle
3008:
2928:
2854:Landings on other planets
2832:
2785:
2657:
2629:
2601:
2541:
2489:
2446:
2301:
2292:
2244:
2231:
1893:. Delano. July 13, 2017.
1732:. The Planetary Society.
1020:
966:space capsule during the
811:space capsule during the
744:first stage of a Falcon 9
467:(CSXT) becomes the first
264:– Starfire, a repurposed
3356:Spacecraft manufacturers
2891:leaving the Solar System
1440:. Wired. June 19, 1998.
899:SpaceX launches Starship
786:
561:
533:inflatable space habitat
419:arranged by the company
382:
279:
176:
85:in 1961 (recording from
2770:timeline by nationality
2236:Timeline of spaceflight
1840:. Spaceflight Insider.
1002:extravehicular activity
612:completes a successful
610:SpaceX's Dragon capsule
535:developed and owned by
225:launch service provider
64:amateur built satellite
3389:Constellation missions
3016:Orbital launch systems
2908:Timeline of satellites
2849:Interplanetary voyages
1206:. Space Services Inc.
1101:. ARRL. May 11, 2011.
1064:History of spaceflight
1054:Billionaire space race
863:– SpaceX operates the
800:
738:– SpaceX successfully
583:
571:
523:– A Russian-Ukrainian
404:
396:
376:free return trajectory
293:
186:
90:
35:
3432:Spaceflight timelines
3304:Launches by spaceport
2913:Sample-return mission
2427:Civilian spaceflight
1004:as well as break the
923:Space Systems Command
794:
577:
569:
402:
390:
334:in the United States.
287:
184:
80:
21:
3028:Sounding rocket list
2967:Geosynchronous orbit
2903:Missions to the Moon
2675:by year of selection
1867:. NASA Spaceflight.
1618:. NASA Spaceflight.
962:rocket carrying the
555:liquid fueled rocket
499:officially wins the
308:rocket developed by
3427:Private spaceflight
3365:Other mission lists
3346:Rocket launch sites
3320:Agencies, companies
2616:Crewed Spaceflights
2274:Spaceflight records
2226:lists and timelines
1995:The Washington Post
1759:. Spaceflight Now.
1645:. Spaceflight Now.
1259:on 18 February 2008
1239:1986spte.conf.1431J
776:Mahia Launch Center
754:Chamber of Deputies
632:Arecibo Observatory
441:, launching to the
207:Space Services Inc.
40:private spaceflight
3265:Thor DM-21 Agena-B
3255:Thor DM-18 Agena-A
3168:Falcon 9 and Heavy
2864:artificial objects
2815:Longest spacewalks
2378:Vostok and Voskhod
1703:The New York Times
1334:"About the Office"
1241:. A87-32276 13–12.
801:
740:launches and lands
584:
580:Falcon 9 Flight 20
572:
531:, an experimental
503:with SpaceShipOne.
437:becomes the first
405:
397:
350:– Creation of the
294:
187:
91:
36:
3414:
3413:
2828:
2827:
2309:Crewed spacecraft
2294:Human spaceflight
2252:Space exploration
2048:. 20 April 2023.
1031:Venus Life Finder
994:10 September 2024
919:14 September 2023
889:Firefly Aerospace
861:16 September 2021
851:Firefly Aerospace
752:– The Luxembourg
690:SPACE Act of 2015
543:28 September 2008
537:Bigelow Aerospace
479:Scaled Composites
449:aboard a Russian
393:first spaceflight
213:10 September 1982
78:
3444:
2746:Space travelers
2742:Space scientists
2730:African American
2299:
2298:
2217:
2210:
2203:
2194:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2167:
2161:
2151:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2101:
2095:
2092:U.S. Space Force
2084:
2078:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2057:
2038:
2032:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2008:
2006:
1986:
1980:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1694:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1668:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1584:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1511:on March 7, 2019
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1392:on June 30, 2016
1382:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1330:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1307:. Congress.gov.
1301:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1157:on July 16, 2016
1147:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1131:on July 10, 2021
1121:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1095:
1027:30 December 2024
964:Boeing Starliner
939:22 February 2024
929:22 December 2023
847:2 September 2021
700:21 December 2015
678:25 November 2015
660:23 November 2015
527:rocket launches
507:23 December 2004
455:Space Adventures
451:Soyuz spacecraft
358:24 December 1997
316:16 November 1992
203:Matagorda Island
191:9 September 1982
79:
56:12 December 1961
3452:
3451:
3447:
3446:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3441:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3366:
3360:
3321:
3315:
3299:
3250:Thor DM-18 Able
3158:Delta IV Medium
3090:
3084:
3060:Sounding rocket
3004:
2931:
2924:
2835:
2824:
2781:
2755:by first flight
2653:
2625:
2597:
2537:
2485:
2442:
2288:
2240:
2227:
2221:
2191:
2190:
2180:
2178:
2168:
2164:
2158:NASASpaceflight
2152:
2148:
2139:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2119:
2117:
2102:
2098:
2085:
2081:
2068:
2064:
2055:
2053:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2029:NASASpaceflight
2022:
2018:
2004:
2002:
1987:
1983:
1970:
1966:
1957:
1955:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1927:
1925:
1914:
1910:
1900:
1898:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1874:
1872:
1861:
1857:
1847:
1845:
1834:
1830:
1820:
1818:
1807:
1803:
1793:
1791:
1780:
1776:
1766:
1764:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1737:
1726:
1722:
1712:
1710:
1695:
1691:
1681:
1679:
1670:
1669:
1662:
1652:
1650:
1639:
1635:
1625:
1623:
1612:
1608:
1598:
1596:
1585:
1578:
1568:
1566:
1555:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1528:
1524:
1514:
1512:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1488:
1486:
1475:
1471:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1447:
1445:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1421:
1419:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1395:
1393:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1369:
1367:
1362:. Orbital ATK.
1358:
1357:
1353:
1343:
1341:
1332:
1331:
1324:
1314:
1312:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1288:
1286:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1262:
1260:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1227:
1223:
1213:
1211:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1187:
1185:
1174:
1170:
1160:
1158:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1134:
1132:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1108:
1106:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1050:
1023:
1010:Polaris Program
976:- Rocket Lab's
933:Lockheed Martin
913:Axiom Mission 2
875:Axiom Mission 1
823:Richard Branson
789:
764:21 January 2018
722:22 January 2016
648:, launches the
638:23 October 2014
588:8 December 2010
564:
557:to reach orbit.
385:
282:
269:sounding rocket
231:30 October 1984
197:, a repurposed
179:
136:9 November 1972
113:John F. Kennedy
74:
52:
24:Dale A. Gardner
12:
11:
5:
3450:
3440:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3392:
3391:
3381:
3376:
3370:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3358:
3353:
3351:Space agencies
3348:
3343:
3338:
3337:
3336:
3325:
3323:
3322:and facilities
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3307:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3240:Thor and Delta
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3175:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3153:Delta IV Heavy
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3094:
3092:
3091:by rocket type
3086:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3030:
3025:
3024:
3023:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2986:Magnetospheric
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2936:
2934:
2930:Earth-orbiting
2926:
2925:
2923:
2922:
2921:
2920:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2873:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2851:
2846:
2840:
2838:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2791:
2789:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2774:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2760:by nationality
2757:
2752:
2744:
2739:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2661:
2659:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2635:
2633:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2607:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2573:
2565:
2564:
2563:
2558:
2547:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2497:
2495:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2466:
2458:
2452:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2433:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2316:
2305:
2303:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2259:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2220:
2219:
2212:
2205:
2197:
2189:
2188:
2176:Space Explored
2162:
2146:
2126:
2096:
2079:
2062:
2033:
2016:
1981:
1977:SpaceflightNow
1964:
1950:. 2021-07-19.
1935:
1920:. Mining.com.
1908:
1882:
1855:
1828:
1801:
1786:. Space News.
1774:
1747:
1720:
1689:
1660:
1633:
1606:
1576:
1549:
1522:
1496:
1469:
1455:
1429:
1403:
1377:
1351:
1322:
1296:
1270:
1244:
1221:
1195:
1168:
1142:
1116:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1041:Jared Isaacman
1034:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1014:Jared Isaacman
991:
981:
971:
953:
936:
926:
916:
906:
892:
885:1 October 2022
882:
868:
858:
844:
830:
816:
813:Demo-2 mission
788:
785:
784:
783:
761:
747:
733:
719:
712:Cape Canaveral
708:Landing Zone 1
697:
675:
657:
635:
621:
606:second mission
599:
592:Dragon capsule
563:
560:
559:
558:
540:
518:
511:George W. Bush
504:
501:Ansari X Prize
493:4 October 2004
490:
472:
458:
428:
384:
381:
380:
379:
365:
355:
352:Ansari X-Prize
345:
335:
324:TsSKB-Progress
313:
281:
278:
277:
276:
273:launch license
259:
246:
228:
210:
178:
175:
174:
173:
159:
146:
133:
120:
109:31 August 1962
106:
72:
71:
51:
48:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3449:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3385:
3384:NASA missions
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3367:and timelines
3363:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3324:
3318:
3312:
3311:Satish Dhawan
3309:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3087:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3007:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2933:
2927:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2831:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2784:
2778:
2775:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2736:
2735:Ibero-America
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2628:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2567:Spaceflights
2566:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2513:
2512:Spaceflights
2511:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2460:Spaceflights
2459:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2445:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2291:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2230:
2225:
2218:
2213:
2211:
2206:
2204:
2199:
2198:
2195:
2177:
2173:
2166:
2159:
2156:
2150:
2136:
2130:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2100:
2093:
2089:
2083:
2076:
2072:
2066:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2037:
2030:
2026:
2020:
2013:
2012:routine basis
2000:
1996:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1974:
1968:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1939:
1928:September 29,
1923:
1919:
1912:
1901:September 29,
1896:
1892:
1886:
1875:September 29,
1870:
1866:
1859:
1848:September 29,
1843:
1839:
1832:
1816:
1812:
1805:
1789:
1785:
1778:
1762:
1758:
1751:
1735:
1731:
1724:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1693:
1677:
1673:
1667:
1665:
1648:
1644:
1637:
1621:
1617:
1610:
1599:September 16,
1594:
1591:. The Verge.
1590:
1583:
1581:
1564:
1560:
1553:
1537:
1533:
1526:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1484:
1481:. Space.com.
1480:
1473:
1465:
1459:
1448:September 29,
1443:
1439:
1433:
1422:September 29,
1417:
1413:
1407:
1391:
1387:
1381:
1365:
1361:
1355:
1339:
1335:
1329:
1327:
1310:
1306:
1300:
1284:
1280:
1274:
1258:
1254:
1248:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1225:
1209:
1205:
1199:
1188:September 29,
1183:
1179:
1172:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1104:
1100:
1094:
1090:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1015:
1012:, founded by
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
992:
989:
985:
982:
979:
975:
972:
969:
965:
961:
957:
954:
951:
948:
944:
940:
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3055:Upper stages
2896:lunar probes
2834:Solar System
2820:Spacewalkers
2805:2015–present
2765:billionaires
2490:
2361:2021–present
2326:Spaceflights
2179:. Retrieved
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2005:16 September
2003:. Retrieved
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865:Inspiration4
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827:SpaceShipTwo
819:11 July 2021
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774:rocket from
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750:13 July 2017
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682:Barack Obama
680:– President
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654:Chang'e 5-T1
637:
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521:12 July 2006
520:
509:– President
506:
492:
487:Mike Melvill
483:SpaceShipOne
475:21 June 2004
474:
460:
447:Expedition 2
430:
409:4 April 2000
408:
367:
362:DigitalGlobe
357:
347:
337:
332:Grays Harbor
328:Soyuz rocket
315:
306:air launched
298:5 April 1990
297:
261:
249:15 June 1988
248:
233:– President
230:
217:16 June 1983
216:
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123:6 April 1965
122:
111:– President
108:
95:10 July 1962
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62:, the first
55:
37:
15:
3190:H-II and H3
3133:Delta DM-19
3123:Black Brant
2836:exploration
2611:Expeditions
2551:Expeditions
2501:Expeditions
2456:Expeditions
2224:Spaceflight
1336:. FAA/AST.
1281:. FAA/AST.
1161:12 February
984:3 July 2024
968:CFT mission
956:5 June 2024
950:propellants
909:21 May 2023
879:Axiom Space
837:Karman Line
809:Crew Dragon
805:30 May 2020
730:New Shepard
726:Blue Origin
668:New Shepard
664:Blue Origin
602:25 May 2012
461:17 May 2004
435:Dennis Tito
413:Soyuz TM-30
368:13 May 1998
266:Black Brant
221:Arianespace
219:– Europe's
195:Conestoga I
138:– Canadian
50:Before 1980
3421:Categories
3334:comparison
3260:Thor DM-18
3245:Thor-Agena
3200:Long March
3118:Atlas LV3C
3113:Atlas LV3B
3033:Spacecraft
3021:Comparison
2950:PocketQube
2932:satellites
2710:Cosmonauts
2665:Astronauts
2621:Spacewalks
2583:Spacewalks
2528:Spacewalks
2476:Spacewalks
2436:Suborbital
2319:by program
2279:Space Race
2269:Spacecraft
2140:2024-06-22
2120:2024-02-22
2056:2023-05-15
1958:2023-02-06
1085:References
768:Rocket Lab
706:rocket at
684:signs the
646:Luxembourg
614:rendezvous
513:signs the
237:signs the
130:Intelsat 1
115:signs the
103:Thor-Delta
68:Thor-Agena
28:Palapa B-2
22:Astronaut
3280:V-2 tests
3178:2020–2022
3173:2010–2019
3148:Delta III
2800:2000–2014
2795:1965–1999
2649:Rollbacks
2413:Gaganyaan
2356:2011–2020
2351:2001–2010
2346:1991–2000
2341:1981–1990
2336:1971–1980
2331:1961–1970
2181:April 25,
2075:SpaceNews
1821:March 12,
1813:. Wired.
1360:"Pegasus"
1180:. Wired.
1037:Mid 2020s
1006:Gemini 11
947:cryogenic
529:Genesis I
326:aboard a
199:Minuteman
170:Stuttgart
99:Telstar 1
44:Space Age
3235:Starship
3205:Minotaur
3163:Delta IV
3143:Delta II
3128:Electron
3089:Launches
3048:heaviest
3038:uncrewed
3009:Vehicles
2945:CubeSats
2886:orbiters
2844:Timeline
2705:European
2644:Missions
2603:Tiangong
2593:Deployed
2588:Visitors
2576:uncrewed
2561:Visiting
2533:Visitors
2521:uncrewed
2481:Visitors
2469:uncrewed
2418:Spacelab
2408:Shenzhou
2314:timeline
2262:timeline
2114:Archived
2110:CNBC.com
2050:Archived
2046:NBC News
1999:Archived
1952:Archived
1948:BBC News
1922:Archived
1895:Archived
1869:Archived
1842:Archived
1815:Archived
1794:June 17,
1788:Archived
1767:June 17,
1761:Archived
1740:June 17,
1734:Archived
1713:March 3,
1707:Archived
1682:April 4,
1676:Archived
1653:June 17,
1647:Archived
1626:June 17,
1620:Archived
1593:Archived
1569:June 17,
1563:Archived
1542:June 17,
1536:Archived
1515:June 17,
1489:June 17,
1483:Archived
1442:Archived
1416:Archived
1396:June 17,
1364:Archived
1338:Archived
1309:Archived
1283:Archived
1208:Archived
1182:Archived
1135:June 17,
1109:June 17,
1103:Archived
1048:See also
978:Electron
903:Saturn V
780:CubeSats
772:Electron
704:Falcon 9
642:LuxSpace
618:berthing
551:Falcon 1
348:May 1996
253:PanAmSat
156:Westar 1
127:Intelsat
32:Westar 6
3275:Tsyklon
3138:Delta 1
3103:Antares
2750:by name
2695:Chinese
2690:Mercury
2670:by name
2631:Shuttle
2431:Orbital
2423:Artemis
2388:Mercury
2373:Russian
2302:General
2257:outline
2245:General
1561:. NBC.
1534:. CNN.
1370:17 June
1344:17 June
1315:17 June
1289:17 June
1263:7 March
1235:Bibcode
1214:17 June
1151:"Otrag"
960:Atlas V
594:on its
469:amateur
421:MirCorp
302:Pegasus
143:Anik A1
140:Telesat
105:rocket.
89:, 1962)
87:OSCAR 2
83:OSCAR 1
70:rocket.
60:OSCAR 1
3290:Vulcan
3210:Proton
3195:Kosmos
3098:Ariane
3043:crewed
2982:Kosmos
2881:active
2876:Probes
2859:rovers
2720:Muslim
2685:Gemini
2680:Apollo
2658:People
2571:crewed
2516:crewed
2464:crewed
2448:Salyut
2403:Skylab
2398:Apollo
2393:Gemini
2368:Soviet
1021:Future
628:ISEE-3
604:– The
547:SpaceX
463:– The
3295:Zenit
3270:Titan
3225:Scout
3108:Atlas
2715:women
2700:Asian
2639:Crews
2383:Soyuz
855:Alpha
825:on a
787:2020s
562:2010s
525:Dnepr
383:2000s
372:HGS-1
304:, an
280:1990s
256:PAS-1
177:1980s
166:OTRAG
3285:Vega
3215:PSLV
3185:GSLV
2995:TDRS
2972:GOES
2918:Mars
2725:Arab
2183:2024
2090:...
2027:...
2007:2021
1975:...
1930:2017
1903:2017
1877:2017
1850:2017
1823:2017
1796:2016
1769:2016
1742:2016
1715:2017
1684:2018
1655:2016
1628:2016
1601:2017
1571:2016
1544:2016
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1491:2016
1450:2017
1424:2017
1398:2016
1372:2016
1346:2016
1317:2016
1291:2016
1265:2008
1216:2016
1190:2017
1163:2020
1137:2016
1111:2016
943:IM-1
742:the
716:VTVL
672:VTVL
616:and
290:B-52
162:1975
30:and
3230:SLS
3000:USA
2990:NRO
2977:GPS
2787:EVA
2556:ESA
2543:ISS
2506:ESA
2492:Mir
2073:...
877:by
710:at
608:of
445:on
417:Mir
215:or
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1993:.
1946:.
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