404:(1980) centers on a healing event that coincides with a community festival in a fictional city of Claybourne, Georgia. In the novel, minor characters use a blend of modern medical techniques alongside traditional folk medicines and remedies to help the central character, Velma, heal after a suicide attempt. Through the struggle of Velma and the other characters surrounding her, Bambara chronicles the deep psychological toll that African-American political and community organizers can suffer, especially women. Bambara continues to investigate ideas of illness and wellness in the black community with a call to action through her characters. "Velma (and by extension black women) must re-affirm healthy relationships with one another that create and sustain pathways towards wholeness and reprioritize black women's health in the larger domain of social justice movements." While
463:, whose music served not only as inspiration but provided a structural and aesthetic model for written forms as well. This is evident in her work through her development of non-linear "situations that build like improvisations to a melody" to focus on character and building a sense of place and atmosphere. Bambara also credited her strong-willed mother, Helen Bent Henderson Cade Brehon, who urged her and her brother Walter Cade (an established painter) to be proud of African-American culture and history.
383:, collected 15 of her short stories, written between 1960 and 1970. Most of these stories are told from a first-person point of view and are "written in rhythmic urban black English." The narrator is often a sassy young girl who is tough, brave, and caring and who "challenge the role of the female black victim". Bambara called her writing "upbeat" fiction. Among the stories included were "
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a member of the Dance Club of Queens
College. She also took part in theater, where she was designated as stage manager and costume designer. Bambara was among those who participated in folk singing when it first emerged in the 1950s, when the songs had a political message inscribed in them. She graduated from
189:
Bambara attended Queens
College in 1954, where almost the entire undergraduate student population was white. At first, she planned to become a doctor, but her passion for arts directed her to become an English major. As Bambara had a passion for jazz and different forms of art in general, she became
454:
Female protagonists and narrators dominate her writing, which was informed by radical feminism and firmly placed inside
African-American culture, with its dialect, oral traditions and jazz techniques. Like other members of the Black Arts Movement, Bambara was heavily influenced by "Garveyites,
325:
and the emergence of black feminism. In her writings, she was inspired by New York's streets and its culture, where the culture influenced her due to her experience of the teachings of "Garveyites, Muslims, Pan-Africanists and
Communists against the backdrop and the culture of jazz music". Her
304:
Bambara worked within black communities to create consciousness around ideas such as feminism and black awareness. As
Bambara had become part of the faculty of City College, she strived to make it more inclusive. To do this, she wanted to add more classes, such as a nutrition course, to teach
313:, Barbara Webb, and Suzanne Ross to study how women's political organizations operated there. She put these experiences into practice in the late 1970s after moving with her daughter Karma Bene to Atlanta, Georgia, where Bambara co-founded the Southern Collective of African American Writers.
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students more about their culture. Bambara also wanted to see a creation of an academy that generated an environment in which students could become more involved in learning more about political and social problems in the community as well as their culture.
185:
With her new name, she felt it represented "the accumulation of experiences", in which she had finally discovered her purpose in the world. In 1970, Bambara had a daughter, Karma Bene
Bambara Smith, with her partner Gene Lewis, an actor and a family friend.
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Bambara participated in several community and activist organizations, and her work was influenced by the Civil Rights and Black
Nationalist movements of the 1960s. In the early to mid-1970s, she traveled to Cuba along with Robert Cole,
240:
She taught
English, published material and worked with SEEK's black theatre group. Bambara was also an English instructor for the New Careers Program of Newark, New Jersey, in 1969. She was made assistant professor of English at
482:
376:. While Bambara is often described as a "feminist", in her chapter entitled "On the Issue of Roles", she writes: "Perhaps we need to let go of all notions of manhood and femininity and concentrate on Blackhood."
451:
Bambara's work was explicitly political, concerned with injustice and oppression in general and with the fate of
African-American communities and grassroots political organizations in particular.
230:, in 1964, while serving as program director of Colony Settlement House in Brooklyn. She also worked for New York social services and as a recreation director in the psychiatric ward of
415:, she focused on film and television production throughout the 1980s. From 1980 to 1988, she produced at least one film per year. Bambara wrote the script for Louis Massiah's 1986 film
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257:(1977), where she also taught at the School of Social Work (until 1979). Bambara was production-artist-in-residence at Neighborhood Arts Center (1975–79), at
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178:. At the age of six, she changed her name from Miltona to Toni, and then in 1970, changed her name to include the name of a West African ethnic group,
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and herself, as well as work by
Bambara's students from the SEEK program, was the first feminist collection to focus on African-American women.
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From 1965 to 1969, she was with City College's "Search for Education, Elevation, Knowledge" (SEEK) program and helped with its development.
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1211:"'Are You Sure, Sweetheart, That You Want to Be Well?': The Politics of Mental Health and Long-Suffering in Toni Cade Bambara's
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436:(whose manuscript she titled "If Blessings Come") was published posthumously in 1999. It deals with the disappearance and
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on May 13, 1985. The film was a success, viewed at film festivals and airing on national public broadcasting channels.
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was her first novel, she won the American Book Award. In 1981, she also won the Langston Hughes Society Award.
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and students. She wrote the introduction for another groundbreaking feminist anthology by women of color,
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in 1969 and continued until 1974. She was visiting professor in Afro-American Studies at
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Muslims, Pan-Africanists, and Communists" in addition to modern jazz artists such as
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The Writer on Her Work: Contemporary Women Reflect on Their Art and Their Situation
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480:. She also was one of four filmmakers who made the collaborative 1995 documentary
226:, France. She became interested in dance before completing her master's degree at
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Bambara was posthumously inducted into the Georgia Writers Hall of Fame in 2013.
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166:, New York, to parents Walter and Helen (Henderson) Cade. She grew up in Harlem,
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816:(December 12, 1995), "Toni Cade Bambara: In celebration of the struggle",
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1396:(Spring 1996). "Toni Cade Bambara. Free to Be Anywhere in the Universe".
446:
Deep Sightings & Rescue Missions: Fiction, Essays & Conversations
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215:
1294:"2013 Georgia Writers Hall of Fame Inductees Announced by UGA Libraries"
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Deep Sightings and Rescue Missions: Fiction, Essays and Conversations.
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948:"Toni Cade Bambara: Author, Documentary Filmmaker, Social Activist"
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in Atlanta between 1979 and 1981. It was called her masterpiece by
576:"What Is It I Think I'm Doing Anyhow". In: J. Sternberg (editor),
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in 1993 and two years later died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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423:
on the Philadelphia headquarters of the black liberation group
163:
1387:
Beyond Respectability: The Intellectual Thought of Race Women.
223:
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1501:
Toni Cade Bambara Biography/Criticism, Selected Bibliography
477:
Midnight Ramble: Oscar Micheaux and the Story of Race Movies
979:
Honey, Hush: An Anthology of African American Women's Humor
270:
594:. Garden City, NY: Anchor/Doubleday, 1984, pp. 41–47.
467:
916:
A Joyous Revolt: Toni Cade Bambara, Writer and Activist
780:"Toni Cade Bambara, a Writer And Documentary Maker, 56"
330:(1970), including poetry, short stories, and essays by
1322:, Georgia Writers Hall of Fame, University of Georgia.
1303:, Georgia Writers Hall of Fame, University of Georgia.
592:
Black Women Writers (1950–1980): A Critical Evaluation
518:(short stories). New York: Bedford/St.Martin's, 1972.
1426:
1282:
A Reader's Companion to the Short Story in English,
1107:
The Norton Anthology of African American Literature
981:. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. p. 621.
3459:Queens College, City University of New York alumni
3444:Deaths from colorectal cancer in the United States
1458:
1429:Savoring the Salt: The Legacy of Toni Cade Bambara
1248:"Late author/critic took no flack from antiblacks"
1460:"A Bibliography of Writings by TONI CADE BAMBARA"
998:(2 ed.). Detroit: Gale Research. 1998–2015.
3295:
1180:"The Sistergirl Revolution of Toni Cade Bambara"
580:. New York: W.W. Norton, 1980, pp. 153–178.
529:The Sea Birds Are Still Alive: Collected Stories
16:American author, activist, professor (1939–1995)
1208:
777:
741:
739:
737:
735:
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661:School of Social Work, Atlanta University 1979.
531:(short stories). New York: Random House, 1977.
1538:
1513:"Resembling a Revolutionary: My Sister Toni"
1427:Holmes, Linda Janet; Cheryl A. Wall (2008).
1154:"Toni Cade Bambara: '. . . an uptown Griot'"
845:. PAL (Perspectives in American literature.
730:
483:W. E. B. Du Bois: A Biography in Four Voices
137:(March 25, 1939 – December 9, 1995), was an
3314:20th-century African-American women writers
1313:"Hall of Fame Honorees | Toni Cade Bambara"
157:
1545:
1531:
1254:. Knight-Ridder Tribune News. p. E4.
1137:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
809:
807:
710:W.E.B. Du Bois: A Biography in Four Voices
679:Screenplay based on Toni Morrison's novel
31:
3344:20th-century American short story writers
3329:20th-century American non-fiction writers
1467:. University Press of Kentucky. pp.
1453:
1389:Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
1276:This list is compiled from Carol Franko:
1230:
716:
567:. City College of New York, 1964. 146 pp.
289:, where she conducted literary readings.
565:The American Adolescent Apprentice Novel
1392:
804:
685:. Sanger/Brooks Film Productions, 1984.
640:
503:(novel). New York: Random House, 1972.
3296:
1284:Greenwood Publishing, 2001, pp. 38–47.
1151:
1145:
918:. Santa Barbara, California: Praeger.
913:
884:from the original on September 8, 2018
836:
760:from the original on September 8, 2018
655:National Educational Television, 1972.
573:. Institute of Southern Studies, 1975.
548:(novel). New York: Random House, 1980.
3409:American women documentary filmmakers
3349:20th-century American women academics
3319:20th-century African-American writers
1526:
1245:
1177:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
973:
778:Goodnough, Abby (December 11, 1995).
629:New York: New American Library, 1970.
605:
411:After the publication and success of
3379:African-American short story writers
990:
988:
969:
967:
909:
907:
905:
903:
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899:
868:
866:
864:
832:
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828:
704:: Master Tactician of Direct Action.
281:. Bambara also held lectures at the
3354:20th-century American women writers
1280:In: Eric Fallon, and others (eds),
849:from the original on August 3, 2018
746:Yoo, Jiwon Amy (October 19, 2009),
745:
673:. K. Heran Productions, Inc., 1982.
13:
3439:Deaths from cancer in Pennsylvania
3429:American women short story writers
3414:American women non-fiction writers
1376:
1246:Trent, Sydney (January 12, 1997).
1086:
634:Tales and Stories for Black Folks.
554:(novel), New York: Pantheon, 1999.
316:
14:
3485:
1494:
1258:from the original on May 17, 2022
1209:Waller-Peterson, Belinda (2019).
1190:from the original on May 17, 2019
1178:Ellis, Lyndsey (March 23, 2018).
1152:Clarke, Cheryl (March 25, 2014).
985:
964:
896:
861:
837:Reuben, Paul (October 21, 2016).
825:
792:from the original on July 5, 2019
691:Public Broadcasting System, 1985.
636:Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971.
269:(1978–79). From 1986, she taught
209:
667:American Broadcasting Co., 1981.
348:Tales and Stories for Black Folk
321:Bambara was active in the 1960s
162:Miltona Mirkin Cade was born in
3454:Novelists from New York (state)
3434:City College of New York alumni
3394:American documentary filmmakers
3334:20th-century American novelists
3324:20th-century American educators
1306:
1287:
1270:
1239:
1202:
1171:
1061:
1036:
1020:
996:Encyclopedia of world biography
874:"Toni Cade Bambara (1939–1995)"
839:"Toni Cade Bambara (1939−1995)"
748:"Toni Cade Bambara (1939–1995)"
571:Southern Black Utterances Today
489:
1465:American Women Writing Fiction
1105:; Valerie Smith, eds. (2014).
940:
771:
627:The Black Woman: An Anthology.
558:
1:
724:
220:Ecole de Mime Etienne Decroux
115:The Black Woman: An Anthology
3474:African-American women poets
3449:Educators from New York City
3404:American political activists
3359:Activists from New York City
2898:Marianna De Marco Torgovnick
1368:Resources in other libraries
1349:Resources in other libraries
1109:(third ed.). New York.
1048:biography.yourdictionary.com
914:Holmes, Linda Janet (2014).
695:The Bombing of Osage Avenue.
632:Toni Cade Bambara (editor):
619:
552:Those Bones Are Not My Child
433:Those Bones Are Not My Child
214:Later on, she went to study
152:
7:
3464:American women anthologists
3389:American Book Award winners
3339:20th-century American poets
2562:Mill Hunk Herald Collective
1431:. Temple University Press.
1266:– via Newspapers.com.
946:Jones, Jae (May 13, 2017),
697:WHYY-TV Philadelphia, 1986.
599:This Bridge Called My Back.
438:murder of 40 black children
417:The Bombing of Osage Avenue
299:
292:Bambara was diagnosed with
10:
3490:
3469:Writers from New York City
3369:African-American novelists
3364:African-American feminists
2954:Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni
706:WHY-TV Philadelphia, 1987.
508:Blues Ain't No Mockin Bird
494:
421:the massive police assault
385:Blues Ain't No Mockin Bird
365:This Bridge Called My Back
277:'s Scribe Video Center in
104:Blues Ain't No Mockin Bird
69:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
3169:
3111:Allison Adelle Hedge Coke
3103:
3022:
2931:
2846:
2770:
2686:
2587:
2489:
2390:Barbara Grizzuti Harrison
2377:
2286:
2193:
2103:
2033:
1931:
1838:
1800:Jessica Tarahata Hagedorn
1767:
1683:
1612:
1561:
1363:Resources in your library
1344:Resources in your library
1299:December 7, 2019, at the
1044:"Toni Cade Bambara Facts"
1029:, Hall of Fame Honorees,
615:New York: Pantheon, 1996.
350:(1971) contained work by
265:(1976), and at Atlanta's
120:
98:
75:
58:
39:
30:
23:
3419:American women novelists
2349:Josephine Gattuso Hendin
611:Toni Morrison (editor):
474:documentary series with
158:Early life and education
2176:Septima Poinsette Clark
2166:Lucia Chiavola Birnbaum
1507:The Black Arts Movement
1503:. Voices from the Gaps.
625:as Toni Cade (editor):
601:Persephone Press, 1981.
466:Bambara contributed to
287:Smithsonian Institution
149:and college professor.
3374:African-American poets
1785:Evangelina Vigil-Piñón
1394:Griffin, Farah Jasmine
1318:March 6, 2017, at the
1103:Gates, Henry Louis Jr.
953:March 6, 2017, at the
843:www.paulreuben.website
717:Awards and recognition
584:Salvation Is the Issue
228:City College, New York
85:documentary-film maker
3384:American anthologists
2620:José Antonio Burciaga
2595:A'Lelia Perry Bundles
2567:Nora Marks Dauenhauer
1885:Mei-mei Berssenbrugge
1749:Ronald Phillip Tanaka
1589:Mei-mei Berssenbrugge
1412:10.1353/cal.1996.0048
1031:University of Georgia
379:Bambara's 1972 book,
232:Metropolitan Hospital
3424:American women poets
3197:E. Donald Two-Rivers
3070:Shirley Geok-lin Lim
3045:Guillermo Gómez-Peña
2732:Francisco X. Alarcón
2605:Benjamin Alire Sáenz
2473:Shirley Geok-lin Lim
2434:José Emilio González
2369:William Minoru Hohri
2339:J. California Cooper
2180:Cynthia Stokes Brown
2000:Robert Edward Duncan
1908:Ellen Lai-shan Yeung
1630:Bienvenido N. Santos
1554:American Book Awards
1519:, November 21, 2014.
1455:Vertreace, Martha M.
1357:By Toni Cade Bambara
880:. October 19, 2009.
649:WGBH-TV Boston, 1971
641:Produced screenplays
2798:Janet Campbell Hale
2542:Karen Tei Yamashita
2454:Michelle T. Clinton
2294:Alma Luz Villanueva
2231:Jimmy Santiago Baca
2161:Juan Felipe Herrera
1900:Ruthanne Lum McCunn
1744:Lorna Dee Cervantes
1584:Leslie Marmon Silko
1556:winners (1980–1999)
1406:(2): viii, 229–31.
1383:Cooper, Brittney C.
1232:10.3390/rel10040263
1069:"Toni Cade Bambara"
1027:"Toni Cade Bambara"
975:Dance, Daryl Cumber
472:American Experience
419:, which dealt with
323:Black Arts Movement
283:Library of Congress
273:-script writing at
135:Miltona Mirkin Cade
54:New York City, U.S.
43:Miltona Mirkin Cade
3399:American feminists
3259:Luís Alberto Urrea
3121:Brenda Marie Osbey
2808:Lawson Fusao Inada
2665:Verlyn Klinkenborg
2571:Richard Dauenhauer
2532:John Edgar Wideman
2481:Margarita Donnelly
2050:Gloria E. Anzaldúa
1953:Colleen J. McElroy
1948:John Kuo Wei Tchen
1923:William J. Kennedy
1918:Venkatesh Kulkarni
1865:Imamu Amiri Baraka
1734:Joyce Carol Thomas
1278:Toni Cade Bambara.
785:The New York Times
671:Epitaph for Willie
653:The Johnson Girls.
606:Collected writings
368:(1981), edited by
263:Columbia, Missouri
255:Atlanta University
247:Livingston College
243:Rutgers University
204:English Literature
168:Bedford Stuyvesant
88:political activist
3291:
3290:
3060:Montserrat Fontes
2959:E.J. Miller Laino
2854:Abraham Rodriguez
2838:Virginia L. Kroll
2747:Leroy V. Quintana
2727:Eugene B. Redmond
2703:Christopher Mogil
2670:William B. Branch
2645:Peter Kalifornsky
2579:Thomas Centolella
2497:Alejandro Murguía
2444:Lloyd A. Thompson
2359:Shuntaro Tanikawa
2329:Henry Louis Gates
2264:Salvatore La Puma
1775:Barbara Christian
1729:Jerome Rothenberg
1711:Hilton Obenzinger
1675:Toni Cade Bambara
1517:The Feminist Wire
1335:Toni Cade Bambara
1330:Library resources
1158:The Feminist Wire
448:(Vintage, 1996).
358:, Pearl Crayton,
131:Toni Cade Bambara
128:
127:
25:Toni Cade Bambara
3481:
3249:Josip Novakovich
3235:Gerald V. Mohatt
3226:James D. Houston
3216:Gioia Timpanelli
3202:Edwidge Danticat
3146:Nora Okja Keller
3136:John A. Williams
3090:William M. Banks
3009:Stephanie Cowell
2918:Gordon Henry Jr.
2828:Rose L. Glickman
2610:Donna J. Haraway
2575:R. Baxter Miller
2557:Meridel Le Sueur
2527:Jessica Hagedorn
2512:Charley Trujillo
2477:Mayumi Tsutakawa
2468:Paula Gunn Allen
2424:J. Raymond Jones
2415:James M. Freeman
2395:Daniela Gioseffi
2385:Adrienne Kennedy
2354:Leslie Scalapino
2216:David Halberstam
2136:Etheridge Knight
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2075:Natasha Borovsky
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430:Bambara's novel
381:Gorilla, My Love
356:Ernest J. Gaines
259:Stephens College
251:Emory University
143:documentary film
139:African-American
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3099:
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3002:Ron Sakolsky /
2969:James W. Loewen
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2793:Gregory J. Reed
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1972:Taisanboku Mori
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1820:Nash Candelaria
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2274:Wing Tek Lum
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2116:Ana Castillo
1990:Maureen Owen
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3304:1939 births
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3182:Anna Linzer
3126:Don DeLillo
3050:Louis Owens
2983:Kimiko Hahn
2978:Edward Said
2923:Tricia Rose
2908:Peter Quinn
2818:Paul Gilroy
2803:Jill Nelson
2742:Jack Beatty
2712:Cornel West
2640:Peter Bacho
2635:Norma Field
2463:Miles Davis
2429:John Norton
2309:Carolyn Lau
2304:Audre Lorde
2278:Tek Lum Lum
2211:Daisy Bates
2151:James Welch
2095:Toshio Mori
2065:Linda Hogan
1976:Sojin Takei
1963:Peter Irons
1870:Jesús Colón
1860:Mark Podwal
1851:Gary Snyder
1846:Cecil Brown
1574:Edward Dorn
1078:October 28,
853:October 28,
559:Non-fiction
336:Audre Lorde
3298:Categories
3244:Trey Ellis
3187:Brian Ward
3131:Jim Barnes
2944:Arthur Sze
2502:bell hooks
2439:Sergei Kan
2324:Frank Chin
2085:Susan Howe
1995:May Sarton
1980:Muin Ozaki
1968:Keiho Soga
1890:Miné Okubo
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1810:Joy Kogawa
1706:Frank Chin
1701:E. L. Mayo
1670:Susan Howe
1635:Helen Adam
1225:(4): 263.
1184:Shondaland
1005:0787622214
959:Black Then
725:References
597:Foreword,
590:(editor),
588:Mari Evans
516:The Lesson
398:Her novel
326:anthology
176:New Jersey
76:Occupation
48:1939-03-25
3274:Gary Gach
2974:Joe Sacco
2878:John Ross
2859:Herb Boyd
2537:Joy Harjo
2121:Cyn Zarco
2005:Ron Jones
1958:Gary Soto
1724:Judy Yung
1720:Genny Lim
1420:161582959
1219:Religions
1133:cite book
1125:866563833
934:780480638
878:BlackPast
677:Tar Baby.
620:As editor
206:in 1959.
153:Biography
3030:Alurista
1691:Al Young
1457:(1989).
1399:Callaloo
1385:(2017).
1316:Archived
1297:Archived
1256:Archived
1188:Archived
1014:37813530
977:(1998).
951:Archived
882:Archived
847:Archived
822:, p. 16.
790:Archived
758:archived
682:Tar Baby
300:Activism
285:and the
145:-maker,
141:author,
121:Children
91:educator
1469:166–168
1262:May 17,
1194:May 17,
1163:June 1,
1053:May 17,
888:May 17,
796:May 24,
764:June 1,
495:Fiction
253:and at
245:'s new
218:at the
194:with a
180:Bambara
133:, born
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586:. In:
457:Sun Ra
391:" and
174:, and
172:Queens
164:Harlem
82:Writer
71:, U.S.
1483:JSTOR
1443:JSTOR
1416:S2CID
647:Zora.
224:Paris
3170:1999
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1620:Alta
1613:1981
1562:1980
1473:ISBN
1433:ISBN
1264:2022
1196:2019
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1121:OCLC
1111:ISBN
1080:2017
1055:2019
1010:OCLC
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930:OCLC
920:ISBN
890:2019
855:2017
798:2010
766:2019
459:and
425:MOVE
372:and
271:film
216:mime
196:B.A.
59:Died
40:Born
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