2757:, p. 38:Pitt's measures for carrying through this policy of repression were skilfully designed. We have seen how he rooted out the Corresponding Societies, and killed for a generation even the middle-class movement for reform. Legal persecution, backed up by the evidence of spies and informers, and by counter-propaganda subsidised by the State, was adequate for this purpose. The factory and mining districts had to be held down by more vigorous methods. In addition to sending into every working-class body that could be found spies, informers, and even provocative agents, and so disrupting the working-class movements, because no man in them knew whether he could trust his neighbour... he built barracks at strategic points throughout the country, and used his concentrated military force in order to overawe the people.
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1784:, Louisiana during the early 20th century. Although the groups maintained racially separate labour unions, they coordinated efforts to present a united front when making demands of their employers. These pledges included a commitment to the "50-50" or "half-and-half" system wherein a dock crew would consist of 50% black and 50% white workers and agreement on a single wage demand to reduce the risk of ship owners pitting one race against the other. Black and white dockworkers also cooperated during protracted labour strikes, including the
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and protests are becoming our everyday tools, just as strikes, demonstrations and union organization became yours to insure that bargaining power genuinely existed on both sides of the table Our needs are identical to labor's needs: decent wages, fair working conditions, livable housing, old age security, health and welfare measures That is why the labor-hater and labor-baiter is virtually always a twin-headed creature spewing anti-Negro epithets from one mouth and anti-labor propaganda from the other mouth.
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2868:, p. 39Overawed by military force, ceaselessly spied and reported upon by agents of the Government or the local magistrates, liable to severe sentences for conspiracy under common law or for violation of the Combination Acts if they attempted any concerted action, it is not surprising that for a long time the factory workers and miners failed to create any stable combinations. It is more surprising that they managed to combine at all.
1826:
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laissez-faire policy, labourers expressed their discontent in the form of the first large scale strikes in the new factory districts. Agitation did not end until it was agreed that weavers would receive a 20% increase in wages. In 1813 and 1814 Parliament would repeal the last of the apprentice laws which had been intended to protect wage rates and employment, but which had also fallen into serious disuse many decades before.
1899:
910:
without the continuous technological and international trade pressures during the
Industrial Revolution, these trade unions remained sporadic and localised only to certain regions and professions, and there was not yet enough impetus for the formation of a widespread and comprehensive labour movement. Therefore, the labour movement is usually marked as beginning concurrently with the Industrial Revolution in the
964:
regions and professions. These early trade unions were fairly small and limited in scope and were separated from unions in other geographical areas or unions in other professions. The unions would strike, collectively bargain with employers, and, if that did not suffice, petition parliament for the enforcement of the
Elizabethan statues. The first groups in England to practice early trade unionism were the
848:
2488:, p. 40-41: "in the middle of the century the weavers found their customary earnings dwindling, they managed so far to combine as to make their voices heard at Westminster. In 1555 we find them complaining "that the rich do many ways oppress them" by putting unapprenticed men to work..."some also by giving much less wages and hire for weaving of clothes than they did in the past"
1353:, the first attempt at international coordination, was founded in London in 1864. The major issues included the right of the workers to organize themselves, and the right to an 8-hour working day. In 1871 workers in France rebelled and the Paris Commune was formed. From the mid-19th century onward the labour movement became increasingly globalised:
1886:
With ever-increasing levels of international trade and increasing influence of multinational corporations, there has been debate and action among labour movements to attempt international co-operation. This has resulted in renewed efforts to organize and collectively bargain internationally. A number
1731:
Labour festivals have long been a part of the labour movement. Often held outdoors in the summer, the music, talks, food, drink, and film have attracted hundreds of thousands of attendees each year. Labour festival is a yearly feast of all the unionism gathering, to celebrate the fulfillment of their
1117:
of 1795 which made certain words acts of treason, limited public gatherings to fifty people or fewer, and enforced licensing for anyone who wanted to speak in a public debate or lecture hall. In 1797 the L.C.S was outlawed by parliament, temporarily crushing the
British labour movement. Additionally,
963:
There is no record of enduring trade unions existing prior to the 18th century. Beginning from 1700 onward there are records of complaints in the United
Kingdom, which increase through the century, that show instances of labourers "combining" together to raise wages had become a phenomenon in various
1163:, was formed. Spence, a pamphleteer in London since 1776, believed in the socialized distribution of land and changing England into a federalized government based on democratically elected parish communes. The society was small and had only a limited presence in English politics. Other leaders such
1122:. Trade unionism in the United Kingdom illegally continued into the 19th century despite increasing hardship. Determined workers refused to allow the law to entirely eradicate trade unionism. Some employers chose to forgo legal prosecution and instead bargained and cooperated with workers' demands.
1792:
Negroes in the United States read the history of labour and find it mirrors their own experience. We are confronted by powerful forces telling us to rely on the good will and understanding of those who profit by exploiting us They are shocked that action organizations, sit-ins, civil disobedience
942:
in 1555 who asserted that the owners were "giving much less wages and hire for weaving of clothes than they did in the past." This legislation was intended to ensure just compensation for workers throughout the country so they could maintain a "competent livelihood". This doctrine of parliamentary
909:
within the guilds would occasionally act together to demand better wage rates and conditions, and these ad hoc groupings can be considered the forerunners of the modern labour movement. These formations were succeeded by trade unions forming in the United
Kingdom in the 18th century. Nevertheless,
905:. The guilds were expected to protect the interests of the owners, labourers, and consumers through regulation of wages, prices, and standard business practices. However, as the increasingly unequal and oligarchic guild system deteriorated in the 16th and 17th centuries, spontaneous formations of
1230:, and an extension of power to magistrates which gave them the ability to ban public gatherings. In protest of the Gagging Acts, as well as the poor working conditions in the textile industry, workers in Manchester attempted to march on London to deliver petitions in a demonstration known as the
1139:
can be traced back to the 1808 failure of the 'Minimum Wage Bill' in parliament which supporters had seen as a needed countermeasure for the endemic poverty among the working classes of industrial United
Kingdom. After the failure of the Minimum Wage Bill displayed the government's commitment to
954:
by the mid 18th century. Consequently, from 1760 on, real wages began to fall and food prices began to rise giving increased motivation for political and social agitation. As the guild system became increasingly obsolete and parliament abolished the old medieval labour protections, forswearing
1357:
Labour has been central to the modern globalization process. From issues of the embodied movement of workers to the emergence of a global division of labour, and organized responses to capitalist relations of production, the relevance of labour to globalization is not new, and it is far more
1376:, also known as "On the Condition of the Working Classes," in which he advocated a series of reforms including limits on the length of the work day, a living wage, the elimination of child labour, the rights of labour to organise, and the duty of the state to regulate labour conditions.
1488:
have often been constrained by national borders that have restricted movement of workers. Labour laws are also primarily determined by individual nations or states within those nations. While there have been some efforts to adopt a set of international labour standards through the
1134:
went on strike around 1805, demanding enforcement of the old
Elizabethan laws empowering magistrates to fix wages to meet the costs of living; however, after three weeks the strike was ended when the police arrested the strike leaders. A renewed stimulus to organised labour in the
955:
responsibility for maintaining living standards, the workers began to form the earliest versions of trade unions. The workers on the lowest rungs found it necessary to organise in new ways to protect their wages and other interests such as living standards and working conditions.
1269:
and named the "Philanthropic
Hercules". Although this enterprise quickly folded, pro-labour political agitation and demonstrations increased in popularity throughout industrial United Kingdom culminating in 1819 with an incident in St. Peter's field, Manchester, known as the
1155:
started to sabotage and destroy the machinery used in textile production. As the industry was still decentralized at the time and the movement was secretive, none of the leadership was ever caught and employers in the
Midlands textile industry were forced to raise wages.
1691:
While archetypal labour parties are made of direct union representatives, in addition to members of geographical branches, some union federations or individual unions have chosen not to be represented within a labour party and/or have ended association with them.
987:, weavers went on strike and rioted in 1765, 1769, and 1773 until parliament relented and allowed justices in the area to fix wage rates. Artisans and workers would also create small craft clubs or trade clubs in each town or locality and these groups such as the
972:. As early as 1718 a royal proclamation was given in opposition to the formation of any unsanctioned bodies of journeymen attempting to affect wages and employment. Despite the presumption that unionising was illegal, it continued throughout the 18th century.
943:
involvement remained in place until about 1700 at which point the practice of wage regulation began to decline, and in 1757 parliament outright rescinded the
Weavers Act of 1756, abandoning its power of wage regulation and signaling its newfound dedication to
1296:
was possibly the first mass working-class labour movement in the world, originating in England during the mid-19th century between 1838 and 1848. It takes its name from the People's Charter of 1838, which stipulated the six main aims of the movement as:
2387:
the Craft Guild was looked upon as the representative of the interests, not of any one class alone, but of the three distinct and somewhat antagonistic elements of modern society, the capitalist entrepreneur, the manual worker, and the consumer at
2984:, p. 53-55:In 1814....the Act of 54 Geo. III. c. 96 swept away the apprenticeship clauses of the statute, and with them practically the last remnant of that legislative protection of the Standard of Life which survived form the Middle Ages."
1183:, as a general economic downturn in 1815 led to a revival in pro-labour politics. During this time, half of each worker's wages was taxed away, unemployment greatly increased, and food prices would not drop from their war time highs.
1264:
In spite of government suppression, the labour movement in the United Kingdom continued, and 1818 marked a new round of strikes as well as the first attempt at establishing a single national union that encompassed all trades, led by
2586:
of the eighteenth century sought to perpetuate those legal or customary regulations of their trade which, as they believed, protected their own interests. When these regulations fell into disuse the workers combined to secure their
816:
Labor is prior to, and independent of, capital. Capital is only the fruit of labor, and could never have existed if labor had not first existed. Labor is the superior of capital, and deserves much the higher consideration.
1179:, rose to the head of the labour movement demanding the lowering of taxes, the abolition of pensions and sinecures, and an end to payments of the war debt. This radicalism increased in the aftermath of the end of the
3288:
1887:
of international union organizations have been established in an attempt to facilitate international collective bargaining, to share information and resources and to advance the interests of workers generally.
782:. As these were achieved in many of the advanced economies of western Europe and north America in the early decades of the 20th century, the labour movement expanded to issues of welfare and social insurance,
896:
causing an influx of low-skilled labour and a concomitant decline in real wages and living standards for workers in urban areas. Prior to the industrial revolution, economies in Europe were dominated by the
1285:
initiated a reform movement aimed at lobbying parliament into abolishing the anti-union Combination Acts. Unions were legalised in the Combination Acts of 1824 and 1825, however some union actions, such as
2599:, p. 20-21: "We have failed to discover...any evidence to the existence prior to 1700 of continuous associations of wage-earners for the maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment"
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1025:, and the popular press, in order to gain their support as he advocated for an increase in the voting franchise, popular rights, and an end to corruption. When he was imprisoned for criticizing
975:
Strikes and riots by miners and framework knitters occurred throughout England over the course of the 18th century, often resorting to machine breaking and sabotage. In 1751 wool-combers in
1493:(ILO), international sanctions for failing to meet such standards are very limited. In many countries labour movements have developed independently and represent those national boundaries.
1399:
for many workers. There have been many important labour activists in modern history who have caused changes that were revolutionary at the time and are now regarded as basic. For example,
2414:, p. 9:The industrial revolution, which is the real starting-point of the story of organised labour is generally said to have taken place in this country between about 1760 and 1830
1330:
Eventually, after Chartism died out, the United Kingdom adopted the first five reforms. The Chartist movement had a lasting impact in the development of the political labour movement.
3280:
3408:
3259:
2972:, p. 40:In 1813 the clauses for the regulation of wages in the Elizabethan law were formally repealed, and in 1814 the apprenticeship clauses were also abrogated"
2611:, p. 21:" In the early years of the eighteenth century we find isolated complaints of combinations "lately entered into" by the skilled workers in certain trades"
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which placed the power to regulate wages and employment in the hands of local officials in each parish. Parliament had been responding to petitions made by English
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in 1792. Membership in the society increased rapidly and by the end of the year it may have had as many as three thousand chapters in the United Kingdom.
1190:
there was mass rioting throughout United Kingdom. Many working-class papers started being published and received by a wide audience, including Cobbet's "
2769:, p. 23-24:The Government was thrown into panic by this new working-class radicalism. A whole series of repressive measures were put into operation
2880:, p. 38:the Combination Act failed in its great object of destroying trade unionism, but this is far from saying that it was entirely ineffective.
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2265:
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If 'labourism' sought to protect and defend the interests of labour in relation to this system, 'socialism' sought to change the system itself...
3179:
Griffiths, John; Evans, Vic (2014). "The Chartist Legacy in the British World: Evidence from New Zealand's Southern Settlements, 1840s–1870s".
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In 1812 the first radical, socialist, pro-labour society, the 'Society of Spencean Philanthropists', named after the radical social agitator
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4704:
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Many individuals and political groups otherwise considered to represent ruling classes may be part of, and active in, the labour movement.
655:, workers campaign for higher wages, better working conditions and fair treatment from their employers, and through the implementation of
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1341:
and attempted to recruit a wide range of unskilled and semi-skilled workers, such as dockers, seamen, gasworkers and general labourers.
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3596:
1934:
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1274:. The British government responded with another round of draconian measures aimed at putting down the labour movement, known as the
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1924:
1048:
2476:, p. 41-42: "In 1563, indeed, Parliament expressly charged itself with securing to all wage-earners a "convenient livelihood"
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1113:, and, in 1794, the leadership of the L.C.S was arrested and tried. Speech and public gatherings were tightly restricted by the
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1218:, were formed after a model suggested by Major Cartwright. During a speech by Henry Hunt, a group of Spenceans initiated the
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2452:
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1337:" was used in the 1880s to describe an innovative form of trade unionism. The new unions were generally less exclusive than
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in 1768, which resulted in a round of strikes and riots throughout England. Other notable radicals at the time included
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goals, to bring solutions to certain hindrances and to reform unjust actions of their employers or government.
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The Elizabethan Apprentice Laws lasted in England until the early 19th century, but were becoming increasingly
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235:
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to disrupt the labour movement. The most infamous early case of government anti-labour espionage was that of
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formed a union which both disallowed hiring non-members and provided aid for out-of-work members. In the
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New Forms of Worker Organization: The Syndicalist and Autonomist Restoration of Class-Struggle Unionism
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1151:, or machine-breaker, movement, began. In response to declining living standards, workers all over the
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The United Kingdom saw an increasing number of large-scale strikes, mainly in the north. In 1811 in
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and 1907 as well as smaller strikes involving skilled workers such as screwmen in the early 1900s:
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1222:. This outbreak of lawlessness led to a government crackdown on agitation in 1817 known as the
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In 1891, localised labour parties were formed, by trade union members in British colonies in
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1979:
1685:
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1093:, booksellers selling Paine's or other radical works were arrested, the Scottish reformers
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Modern labour parties originated from an increase in organising activities in Europe and
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The movement gained major impetus during the late 19th and early 20th centuries from the
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Working Stiffs, Union Maids, Reds, and Riffraff: An Expanded Guide to Films about Labor
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U.S. labor in the twentieth century: studies in working-class struggles and insurgency
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2745:, p. 23:This it did quite rapidly and by the end of 1792 may have totalled 3,000
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2434:
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1969:
1677:
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1271:
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1056:, the first political society in the United Kingdom focused on working-class politics
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3281:"The National Archives Learning Curve | Power, Politics and Protest | The Chartists"
1064:, radicalism became even more prominent in English politics with the publication of
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gives representatives of workers seats on the board of directors of their employers.
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LaborNet: Global online communication for a democratic, independent labour movement
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111:
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Geary, Dick. "Socialism, Revolution and the European Labour Movement, 1848-1918."
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A Testament of Hope: The Essential Writings and Speeches of Martin Luther King, Jr
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3478:(ILR Press books), Cornell University Press, revised and expanded edition 2003,
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From this point onward the British government also began using hired spies and
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1136:
1102:
1082:, the government responded with wide-scale political repression spearheaded by
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911:
799:
791:
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36:
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St. James Press Encyclopedia of Labor History Worldwide, St. James Press 2003
2448:
1249:, which led to the leadership being indicted on treason charges and executed.
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forming unions or combinations was made illegal under legislation such as the
643:, as well as political parties of labour. It can be considered an instance of
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2319:, by Abraham Lincoln, edited by Ida Minerva Tarbell, Ginn, 1911 / 2008, pg 77
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944:
893:
885:
692:
668:
635:
to further their shared political and economic interests. It consists of the
632:
350:
285:
245:
210:
136:
3565:"Justice Thunders Condemnation" – a video history of labour legislation
3192:
6179:
6169:
5644:
5569:
5509:
5484:
5429:
5081:
5043:
5008:
4533:
4468:
4388:
4348:
4343:
4273:
4049:
4037:
4004:
3898:
3893:
3839:
3677:
3619:
2543:
2055:
1408:
1388:
1380:
1334:
1223:
1207:
1065:
980:
898:
779:
767:
684:
430:
395:
378:
275:
260:
225:
175:
170:
162:
96:
2317:
Selections from the Letters, Speeches, and State Papers of Abraham Lincoln
1226:, which included the suppression of the Spencean society, a suspension of
5649:
5619:
5609:
5564:
5439:
5028:
4983:
4948:
4638:
4548:
4333:
4293:
4205:
3999:
3919:
3888:
3878:
3868:
3798:
3722:
3712:
3697:
3629:
3426:, Philadelphia, Pa.: Temple Univ. Press 2004 (Series 'Labor in Crisis'),
2050:
2019:
1989:
1914:
1706:
1650:
1614:
1231:
1018:
1007:
could use their clubs to unionize. Workers could also use the ubiquitous
992:
902:
877:
743:
652:
304:
131:
101:
81:
3544:
The Canadian Museum of Civilization – Canadian Labour History, 1850–1999
3493:, The Green Mountain Anarchist Collective, Catamount Tavern Press, 2004.
1749:
6209:
6194:
6189:
5634:
5106:
4756:
4633:
4603:
4498:
4363:
4338:
4328:
4247:
4237:
4155:
3883:
3702:
3370:
2034:
1974:
1658:
1654:
1379:
Throughout the world, action by labourists has resulted in reforms and
1089:. Paine was forced to flee the country after his work was deemed to be
1079:
1029:, his followers protested and were fired upon by the government at the
927:
906:
755:
731:
656:
576:
270:
265:
6247:
6199:
5529:
5091:
4648:
4543:
4435:
4195:
4044:
3979:
3964:
3959:
3873:
1999:
1964:
1944:
1187:
1004:
996:
775:
763:
762:
of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, at about the same time as
385:
126:
121:
3490:
Neither Washington Nor Stowe: Common Sense For The Working Vermonter
1825:
1423:
5554:
5111:
4795:
4613:
4393:
4378:
3974:
3574:
3507:
3402:
3253:
1643:
1384:
1301:
1293:
1275:
1152:
1090:
969:
771:
240:
1815:
56:
6237:
4453:
4074:
2583:
1984:
1392:
1148:
1131:
1000:
988:
939:
923:
415:
3438:
Forces of Labor. Worker's Movements and Globalization since 1870
2332:
A Short History of the British Working Class Movement: 1789-1947
5404:
5339:
4022:
3934:
984:
363:
3548:
3043:
3041:
2849:
2847:
2702:
2700:
2663:
2661:
2659:
1898:
5629:
4032:
1782:
black and white dockworkers on the waterfronts of New Orleans
1214:. In addition, new political clubs focused on reform, called
373:
4404:
3558:
1358:
significant in shaping the world than is usually recognized.
3065:
3038:
2844:
2784:
2760:
2724:
2697:
2656:
2646:
2644:
2289:
Eatwell & Wright, Roger & Anthony (March 1, 1999).
926:
the guild system was usurped in its regulation of wages by
3464:, Red and Black Publishers, St Petersburg, Florida, 2007.
3343:, edited by James Melvin Washington, HarperCollins, 1991,
3310:"Tolpuddle Martyrs festival expects record-breaking crowd"
27:
Economic and political movement seeking to advance workers
3118:
3053:
2975:
2629:
2590:
2573:
2561:
2491:
2479:
2467:
1780:
A degree of strategic biracial cooperation existed among
872:
The labour movement has its origins in Europe during the
3130:
3096:
3094:
3092:
3077:
3028:
3026:
2987:
2883:
2871:
2808:
2796:
2736:
2712:
2685:
2641:
1071:
in 1791 and the foundation of the working-class focused
2673:
2602:
1599:
History of the socialist movement in the United States
1366:
tradition which began in 1891 with the publication of
3404:
Globalization and Economy, Vol. 4: Globalizing Labour
3255:
Globalization and Economy, Vol. 4: Globalizing Labour
3106:
3089:
3023:
3011:
2999:
2913:
2832:
2619:
2617:
2503:
1021:
used mass appeal to workers through public meetings,
2339:
2288:
1894:
683:representing the interests of workers campaign for
2963:
2859:
2820:
2772:
2748:
2614:
2525:The British Labour Movement, 1770-1920: A History
2393:
2291:Contemporary Political Ideologies: Second Edition
2266:American and British English spelling differences
1669:, several labour parties amalgamated to form the
6300:
3397:
3385:The U.S. labor movement:References and Resources
3248:
2405:
876:of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, when
831:
2364:. Longmans, Green and Company. pp. 16–17.
2335:. George Allen & Unwin LTD. pp. 15–18.
1816:Development of an international labour movement
968:wool workers and the framework knitters in the
892:moved employment to more industrial areas like
754:The labour movement developed as a response to
659:, from their governments. They do this through
3178:
2515:
4420:
4013:
3590:
2900:
2898:
2422:
2420:
838:History of trade unions in the United Kingdom
608:
3258:. London: Sage Publications. pp. ix–x.
2904:
2522:Morton, Arthur Leslie; Tate, George (1975).
930:in the 16th century with the passage of the
2938:. Cambridge University Press. p. 127.
2925:
1854:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1452:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
766:. The early goals of the movement were the
6205:Definition of anarchism and libertarianism
4427:
4413:
4324:International comparisons of labour unions
3597:
3583:
3083:
3071:
3047:
2993:
2935:British Drama of the Industrial Revolution
2895:
2889:
2877:
2853:
2814:
2802:
2790:
2766:
2742:
2730:
2718:
2706:
2667:
2521:
2417:
1935:List of international labour organizations
1403:, better known as "Mother Jones", and the
917:
615:
601:
1874:Learn how and when to remove this message
1472:Learn how and when to remove this message
1245:who, in 1817, incited and encouraged the
864:Please consider summarizing the material.
3124:
3059:
2981:
2679:
2635:
2608:
2596:
2579:
2567:
2497:
2485:
2473:
2357:
1925:General Confederation of Labour (France)
1657:briefly formed the world's first labour
1251:
1047:
726:Though historically less prominent, the
3559:CEC: A Labour Resource Centre in India
3136:
2931:
2838:
2691:
2650:
2426:
2351:
2322:
14:
6301:
5208:Spanish Regional Federation of the IWA
3383:Robert N. Stern, Daniel B. Cornfield,
3207:
1684:, following an 1899 resolution by the
1646:in the United Kingdom during 1838–48.
1529:History of Social Democracy in Germany
1407:were important in the campaign to end
1351:International Workingmen's Association
884:jobs disappeared and were replaced as
4408:
3578:
3390:John Hinshaw and Paul LeBlanc (ed.),
2455:from the original on 25 December 2021
2358:Webb, Sidney; Webb, Beatrice (1902).
1642:during the 19th century, such as the
3604:
3496:
3440:, Cambridge University Press, 2003,
3322:from the original on 15 January 2022
3160:from the original on 1 February 2023
3112:
3100:
3032:
3017:
3005:
2969:
2919:
2865:
2826:
2778:
2754:
2623:
2509:
2411:
2399:
2345:
2328:
1852:adding citations to reliable sources
1819:
1744:
1661:, lasting one week. From 1901, when
1653:. In 1899, the Labour Party for the
1619:
1450:adding citations to reliable sources
1417:
841:
746:. This is related to the concept of
3549:LabourStart: Trade union web portal
3394:, Amherst, NY: Humanity Books, 2000
2430:A History of British Trade Unionism
2293:. Bloomsbury Academic. p. 83.
2091:Trade unions in Antigua and Barbuda
1720:
1711:History of the cooperative movement
699:(in English-speaking countries), a
291:Workers' right to access the toilet
24:
3424:Labor's story in the United States
3358:
2236:Trade unions in the United Kingdom
1740:
631:is the collective organisation of
25:
6320:
4186:Labour spies in the United States
3537:
3213:
2241:Labor unions in the United States
1630:List of social democratic parties
1595:Labor unions in the United States
1491:International Labour Organisation
1405:National Catholic Welfare Council
1333:In the United Kingdom, the term "
1234:march, which ultimately failed.
934:apprentice laws such as the 1562
6267:
5243:International Conference of Rome
5233:International Conference of Rome
4299:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
2909:. Hogarth Press. pp. 12–14.
2151:Iraqi Federation of Trade Unions
1897:
1824:
1748:
1588:
1422:
1260:which occurred on 16 August 1819
1256:A contemporary depiction of the
846:
186:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
55:
4120:Enterprise bargaining agreement
3411:from the original on 2020-09-23
3334:
3302:
3291:from the original on 2021-03-16
3273:
3262:from the original on 2020-09-23
3242:
3230:from the original on 8 May 2015
3172:
3142:
2952:from the original on 2021-09-25
2550:from the original on 2021-12-24
2528:. Greenwood Press. p. 12.
2427:Pelling, Henry (27 July 2016).
2378:from the original on 2021-09-26
1930:Industrial Workers of the World
1810:
1803:"If the Negro Wins, Labor Wins"
1700:
1682:Labour Representation Committee
1608:
1555:
1415:during the early 20th century.
1125:
958:
5355:Australian Anarchist Centenary
5280:German Revolution of 1918–1919
4369:Occupational safety and health
3224:London Metropolitan University
2310:
2282:
2254:
1544:
1290:activities were restricted.
1147:, a new movement known as the
1031:Massacre of St George's Fields
236:Occupational safety and health
231:Occupational safety and health
13:
1:
4994:Decentralized planned economy
4434:
3407:. London: Sage Publications.
2361:The History of Trade Unionism
2275:
1786:general levee strikes in 1892
1551:Labor movement of South Korea
1395:, and the achievement of the
1326:Annual election of Parliament
1316:Pay for Members of Parliament
832:Origins in the United Kingdom
359:Chronological list of strikes
4589:Proletarian internationalism
2206:Trade unions in South Africa
2121:Trade unions in Burkina Faso
1562:Trade unions in South Africa
1496:
1344:
1281:In 1819 the social reformer
1078:Fearful of this new English
1073:London Corresponding Society
1054:London Corresponding Society
914:, roughly around 1760-1830.
901:which had originated in the
695:. They are usually called a
7:
5290:1919 United States bombings
3728:Duty of fair representation
3668:National trade union centre
3369:15, no. 4 (1972): 794–803.
3285:www.nationalarchives.gov.uk
2932:Burwick, Frederick (2015).
2221:Trade unions in Switzerland
1890:
1603:
1304:for all men age 21 and over
719:countries), or sometimes a
10:
6325:
6243:Situationist International
5315:Spanish Revolution of 1936
5173:Self-managed social center
4125:Global Framework Agreement
3462:IWW: A Documentary History
3401:; O'Brien, Robert (2007).
3252:; O'Brien, Robert (2007).
2106:Australian labour movement
1724:
1715:
1704:
1623:
1612:
1592:
1581:
1570:
1559:
1548:
1537:
1522:
1518:
1511:
1503:Australian labour movement
1500:
1370:'s foundational document,
835:
809:
6262:
6149:
5709:
5659:
5384:
5370:Really Really Free Market
5365:1999 Seattle WTO protests
5187:
5059:
4967:
4931:
4884:
4807:
4738:
4729:
4679:
4654:Temporary autonomous zone
4579:Permanent autonomous zone
4514:Consensus decision-making
4442:
4256:
4178:
4148:
4097:
3912:
3861:
3852:
3807:
3741:
3650:
3643:
3610:
3387:, G.K. Hall & Co 1996
2226:Labour movement in Taiwan
2096:Trade unions in Argentina
2042:including art and culture
1735:
1667:Commonwealth of Australia
1634:List of socialist parties
1577:
1507:
1319:An end to the need for a
1193:Weekly Political Register
1186:After the passage of the
861:and excessively detailed.
322:International comparisons
256:Right to rest and leisure
196:Employment discrimination
5360:Carnival Against Capital
5285:Bavarian Soviet Republic
5274:Manifesto of the Sixteen
5168:Radical environmentalism
5117:Independent Media Center
5049:Workers' self-management
4494:Autonomous social center
4304:Equal pay for equal work
4140:Union security agreement
4110:Collaborative bargaining
3759:Social movement unionism
2247:
2231:Trade unions in Tanzania
2191:Trade unions in Pakistan
2171:Trade unions in Maldives
2166:Trade unions in Malaysia
2131:Trade unions in Ethiopia
2116:Trade unions in Botswana
2030:International labour law
1955:Catholic social teaching
1920:Canadian Labour Congress
1566:
1533:
1364:Catholic Social Teaching
1130:The Scottish weavers of
1099:Rev. Thomas Fyshe Palmer
107:Social movement unionism
4989:Cost the limit of price
3950:Occupation of factories
3673:Global union federation
3422:Philip Yale Nicholson,
3193:10.1111/1468-229X.12075
3150:"The Chartist movement"
2433:. Springer. p. 8.
2216:Swedish labour movement
2201:Trade unions in Senegal
2156:Trade unions in Ireland
2136:Trade unions in Germany
2101:Trade unions in Armenia
2081:Trade unions in Andorra
2076:Trade unions in Algeria
2071:Trade unions in Albania
1905:Organized labour portal
1584:Swedish labour movement
1573:Labor movement in Spain
1525:Trade unions in Germany
1307:Voting by secret ballot
1060:With the advent of the
918:16th and 17th centuries
701:social democratic party
317:Trade union federations
312:Trade unions by country
5785:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4594:Propaganda of the deed
4584:Prefigurative politics
4574:Participatory politics
4519:Conscientious objector
4309:Exploitation of labour
3990:Organizational dissent
3084:Morton & Tate 1975
3072:Morton & Tate 1975
3048:Morton & Tate 1975
2994:Morton & Tate 1975
2907:A History of Socialism
2890:Morton & Tate 1975
2878:Morton & Tate 1975
2854:Morton & Tate 1975
2815:Morton & Tate 1975
2803:Morton & Tate 1975
2791:Morton & Tate 1975
2767:Morton & Tate 1975
2743:Morton & Tate 1975
2731:Morton & Tate 1975
2719:Morton & Tate 1975
2707:Morton & Tate 1975
2668:Morton & Tate 1975
2582:, p. 19-20: "the
2161:Labour unions in Japan
2086:Trade unions in Angola
1940:Political ideologies:
1808:
1799:Martin Luther King, Jr
1671:Australian Labor Party
1663:six colonies federated
1626:List of Labour parties
1514:Trade unions in Brazil
1383:, such as the two-day
1360:
1321:property qualification
1261:
1057:
819:
216:Freedom of association
87:Exploitation of labour
6233:Libertarian socialism
5350:Kate Sharpley Library
5325:Red inverted triangle
5268:High Treason Incident
5258:Congress of Amsterdam
4664:Voluntary association
4474:Anti-authoritarianism
4464:Anarchist criminology
4459:Anarchist Black Cross
4166:Workers' compensation
4115:Collective bargaining
3769:Members-only unionism
3220:www.unionhistory.info
3216:"Timeline: 1880–1914"
2905:Sally Graves (1939).
2329:Cole, G.D.H. (1952).
2211:Trade unions in Spain
2196:Trade unions in Qatar
2181:Trade unions in Niger
2176:Trade unions in Nauru
2146:Trade unions in India
2141:Trade unions in Ghana
2126:Trade unions in Egypt
2111:Trade unions in Benin
2010:Catholic trade unions
1790:
1593:Further information:
1582:Further information:
1571:Further information:
1560:Further information:
1549:Further information:
1540:Labor unions in Japan
1538:Further information:
1523:Further information:
1512:Further information:
1501:Further information:
1355:
1255:
1212:Reformists's Register
1051:
936:Statute of Artificers
874:Industrial Revolution
836:Further information:
814:
760:Industrial Revolution
744:cooperative ownership
742:, and other types of
740:consumer cooperatives
730:campaigns to replace
671:. In some countries,
661:collective bargaining
641:labour union movement
201:Employment protection
181:Collective bargaining
6274:Anarchism portal
5680:Fictional characters
5163:Radical cheerleading
3779:Open-source unionism
3693:Father of the chapel
3683:Union representative
3187:(5 (338)): 797–818.
3125:Webb & Webb 1902
3060:Webb & Webb 1902
2982:Webb & Webb 1902
2680:Webb & Webb 1902
2636:Webb & Webb 1902
2609:Webb & Webb 1902
2597:Webb & Webb 1902
2580:Webb & Webb 1902
2568:Webb & Webb 1902
2498:Webb & Webb 1902
2486:Webb & Webb 1902
2474:Webb & Webb 1902
2186:Trade unions in Oman
1980:Democratic socialism
1911:Labour federations:
1848:improve this section
1686:Trade Union Congress
1678:British Labour Party
1655:Colony of Queensland
1446:improve this section
1120:1799 Combination Act
734:of the economy with
732:capitalist ownership
728:cooperative movement
562:Industrial relations
551:Academic disciplines
147:National-syndicalism
117:Democratic socialism
18:Trade union movement
6223:Left-libertarianism
5300:Kronstadt rebellion
5238:Trial of the Thirty
5203:Revolutions of 1848
5145:No gods, no masters
4954:Synthesis anarchism
4944:Anarcho-syndicalism
4932:Types of federation
4374:Occupational stress
4228:Demarcation dispute
4211:Anti-union violence
3835:Industrial unionism
3794:Solidarity unionism
3708:Vigilance committee
3688:Clerk of the chapel
2066:National movements
1960:Christian socialism
1950:Anarcho-syndicalism
1805:, December 11, 1961
1680:was created as the
1052:A handbill for the
788:income distribution
784:wealth distribution
736:worker cooperatives
667:, and when needed,
665:sectoral bargaining
142:Anarcho-syndicalism
6175:Anti-globalization
5845:Dominican Republic
5670:Anarcho-punk bands
5330:Labadie Collection
5320:Barcelona May Days
5223:Cantonal rebellion
5157:Property is theft!
5123:The Internationale
5077:Anarchist bookfair
4876:Without adjectives
4731:Schools of thought
4359:Professional abuse
4161:Union wage premium
4135:Pattern bargaining
4070:Solidarity actions
3930:Diversity training
3764:Community unionism
3460:Lenny Flank (ed),
3376:2022-04-06 at the
3367:Historical Journal
2046:Left-wing politics
1760:. You can help by
1262:
1239:agent provocateurs
1058:
1009:friendly societies
826:, December 3, 1861
748:economic democracy
251:Professional abuse
6296:
6295:
6253:Spontaneous order
6185:Anti-war movement
5690:Jewish anarchists
5198:French Revolution
5151:Popular education
4927:
4926:
4644:Spontaneous order
4504:Classless society
4402:
4401:
4284:Conflict theories
4279:Four-day workweek
4174:
4173:
4093:
4092:
3995:Industrial action
3904:Union co-op model
3848:
3847:
3820:Independent union
3784:Business unionism
3470:978-0-9791813-5-1
3432:978-1-59213-239-3
3156:. UK Parliament.
2535:978-0-8371-7865-3
2440:978-1-349-12968-3
1970:Council communism
1884:
1883:
1876:
1778:
1777:
1644:Chartist movement
1640:European colonies
1620:Political parties
1482:
1481:
1474:
1401:Mary Harris Jones
1272:Peterloo Massacre
1258:Peterloo Massacre
1069:The Rights of Man
1062:French Revolution
1014:In politics, the
890:industrialization
870:
869:
768:right to unionise
681:Political parties
625:
624:
582:Post-work society
411:Solidarity action
221:Legal working age
77:Conflict theories
16:(Redirected from
6316:
6272:
6271:
6270:
6165:Anti-consumerism
6160:Anti-corporatism
5310:Amakasu Incident
5253:Strandza Commune
5228:Haymarket affair
5129:Jewish anarchism
5071:A las Barricadas
5039:Social ownership
5024:Market socialism
4999:Free association
4959:Union of egoists
4736:
4735:
4669:Workers' council
4659:Union of egoists
4619:Security culture
4529:Decentralization
4524:Critique of work
4429:
4422:
4415:
4406:
4405:
4289:Critique of work
4264:35-hour workweek
4055:Pen-down strikes
4011:
4010:
3862:Shops and hiring
3859:
3858:
3749:Organizing model
3648:
3647:
3605:Organized labour
3599:
3592:
3585:
3576:
3575:
3566:
3532:
3530:
3529:
3520:. Archived from
3436:Beverly Silver:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3352:
3338:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3327:
3318:. 15 July 2011.
3306:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3277:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3246:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3176:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3146:
3140:
3139:, p. 22-23.
3134:
3128:
3127:, p. 85-86.
3122:
3116:
3115:, p. 49-50.
3110:
3104:
3103:, p. 47-49.
3098:
3087:
3081:
3075:
3074:, p. 42-43.
3069:
3063:
3062:, p. 82-83.
3057:
3051:
3050:, p. 40-41.
3045:
3036:
3035:, p. 45-46.
3030:
3021:
3020:, p. 44-45.
3015:
3009:
3008:, p. 41-42.
3003:
2997:
2991:
2985:
2979:
2973:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2929:
2923:
2922:, p. 40-41.
2917:
2911:
2910:
2902:
2893:
2887:
2881:
2875:
2869:
2863:
2857:
2856:, p. 33-35.
2851:
2842:
2836:
2830:
2824:
2818:
2812:
2806:
2800:
2794:
2793:, p. 25-27.
2788:
2782:
2776:
2770:
2764:
2758:
2752:
2746:
2740:
2734:
2733:, p. 22-23.
2728:
2722:
2716:
2710:
2709:, p. 12-13.
2704:
2695:
2694:, p. 10-11.
2689:
2683:
2677:
2671:
2670:, p. 18-19.
2665:
2654:
2653:, p. 12-13.
2648:
2639:
2638:, p. 39-40.
2633:
2627:
2621:
2612:
2606:
2600:
2594:
2588:
2577:
2571:
2570:, p. 35-37.
2565:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2519:
2513:
2512:, p. 39-40.
2507:
2501:
2500:, p. 43-45.
2495:
2489:
2483:
2477:
2471:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2424:
2415:
2409:
2403:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2355:
2349:
2348:, p. 11-12.
2343:
2337:
2336:
2326:
2320:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2286:
2269:
2258:
2061:Social criticism
2025:Critique of work
1995:Social democracy
1907:
1902:
1901:
1879:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1859:
1828:
1820:
1806:
1773:
1770:
1752:
1745:
1721:Labour festivals
1697:
1477:
1470:
1466:
1463:
1457:
1426:
1418:
1220:Spa Fields riots
1107:Maurice Margarot
1087:Pitt the Younger
1039:Major Cartwright
882:cottage industry
865:
850:
849:
842:
827:
804:common ownership
673:co-determination
617:
610:
603:
567:Labour economics
557:Critique of work
401:Pen-down strikes
112:Social democracy
59:
49:
48:Organized labour
39:
32:
31:
21:
6324:
6323:
6319:
6318:
6317:
6315:
6314:
6313:
6309:Labour movement
6299:
6298:
6297:
6292:
6268:
6266:
6258:
6257:
6256:
6214:Labour movement
6145:
6144:
6143:
5705:
5704:
5703:
5655:
5654:
5653:
5380:
5379:
5378:
5375:Occupy movement
5248:Ferrer movement
5183:
5182:
5181:
5097:Escuela Moderna
5055:
5054:
5053:
4963:
4923:
4880:
4844:Insurrectionary
4803:
4725:
4724:
4723:
4675:
4674:
4673:
4599:Refusal of work
4484:Anti-militarism
4479:Anti-capitalism
4438:
4433:
4403:
4398:
4252:
4170:
4144:
4130:Master contract
4105:Bargaining unit
4089:
4085:Wildcat strikes
4009:
3955:Precarious work
3925:Contingent work
3908:
3854:
3844:
3803:
3737:
3663:Union organizer
3639:
3625:Labour movement
3606:
3603:
3564:
3540:
3535:
3527:
3525:
3518:
3414:
3412:
3378:Wayback Machine
3361:
3359:Further reading
3356:
3355:
3339:
3335:
3325:
3323:
3315:TheGuardian.com
3308:
3307:
3303:
3294:
3292:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3265:
3263:
3247:
3243:
3233:
3231:
3212:
3208:
3177:
3173:
3163:
3161:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3135:
3131:
3123:
3119:
3111:
3107:
3099:
3090:
3082:
3078:
3070:
3066:
3058:
3054:
3046:
3039:
3031:
3024:
3016:
3012:
3004:
3000:
2992:
2988:
2980:
2976:
2968:
2964:
2955:
2953:
2946:
2930:
2926:
2918:
2914:
2903:
2896:
2888:
2884:
2876:
2872:
2864:
2860:
2852:
2845:
2837:
2833:
2825:
2821:
2813:
2809:
2801:
2797:
2789:
2785:
2777:
2773:
2765:
2761:
2753:
2749:
2741:
2737:
2729:
2725:
2717:
2713:
2705:
2698:
2690:
2686:
2678:
2674:
2666:
2657:
2649:
2642:
2634:
2630:
2622:
2615:
2607:
2603:
2595:
2591:
2578:
2574:
2566:
2562:
2553:
2551:
2536:
2520:
2516:
2508:
2504:
2496:
2492:
2484:
2480:
2472:
2468:
2458:
2456:
2441:
2425:
2418:
2410:
2406:
2398:
2394:
2381:
2379:
2372:
2356:
2352:
2344:
2340:
2327:
2323:
2315:
2311:
2301:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2272:
2259:
2255:
2250:
2245:
1903:
1896:
1893:
1880:
1869:
1863:
1860:
1845:
1829:
1818:
1813:
1807:
1797:
1774:
1768:
1765:
1758:needs expansion
1743:
1741:Racial equality
1738:
1729:
1727:Labour festival
1723:
1718:
1713:
1703:
1695:
1636:
1622:
1617:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1591:
1586:
1580:
1575:
1569:
1564:
1558:
1553:
1547:
1542:
1536:
1531:
1521:
1516:
1510:
1505:
1499:
1478:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1443:
1427:
1381:workers' rights
1347:
1247:Pentrich Rising
1203:The Black Dwarf
1181:Napoleonic Wars
1145:Nottinghamshire
1128:
1027:King George III
966:West of England
961:
932:Elizabethan Era
920:
866:
863:
851:
847:
840:
834:
829:
824:Abraham Lincoln
821:
812:
798:and education,
792:public services
713:socialist party
689:social security
629:labour movement
621:
592:
591:
587:Refusal of work
552:
544:
543:
542:
447:
437:
436:
435:
426:Wildcat strikes
421:Whipsaw strikes
406:Sitdown strikes
353:
343:
342:
339:
307:
297:
296:
295:
281:Toxic workplace
165:
155:
154:
151:
69:
67:Labour movement
47:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6322:
6312:
6311:
6294:
6293:
6291:
6284:
6277:
6263:
6260:
6259:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6230:
6228:Libertarianism
6225:
6220:
6218:Left communism
6215:
6212:
6207:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6156:
6155:
6153:
6151:Related topics
6147:
6146:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6120:United Kingdom
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5992:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5835:Czech Republic
5832:
5827:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5716:
5715:
5713:
5707:
5706:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5666:
5665:
5663:
5657:
5656:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5552:
5547:
5542:
5537:
5532:
5527:
5522:
5517:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5490:González Prada
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5391:
5390:
5388:
5382:
5381:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5305:Makhnovshchina
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5218:Hague Congress
5215:
5210:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5194:
5193:
5191:
5185:
5184:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5153:
5148:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5067:
5066:
5065:
5063:
5057:
5056:
5052:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5019:Labour voucher
5016:
5014:Give-away shop
5011:
5006:
5004:General strike
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4975:
4974:
4973:
4971:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4939:Affinity group
4935:
4933:
4929:
4928:
4925:
4924:
4922:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4909:Post-anarchist
4906:
4901:
4896:
4890:
4888:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4878:
4873:
4872:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4835:
4834:
4832:Social ecology
4829:
4819:
4813:
4811:
4809:Post-classical
4805:
4804:
4802:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4798:
4788:
4778:
4773:
4772:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4760:
4759:
4744:
4742:
4733:
4727:
4726:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4686:
4685:
4683:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4629:Social ecology
4626:
4624:Self-ownership
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4554:Horizontalidad
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4509:Class struggle
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4489:Affinity group
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4450:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4440:
4439:
4432:
4431:
4424:
4417:
4409:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4384:Social support
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4354:Prison strikes
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4319:Hunger strikes
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4269:Eight-hour day
4266:
4260:
4258:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4245:
4243:Featherbedding
4240:
4235:
4233:Strikebreaking
4230:
4225:
4223:Union violence
4220:
4219:
4218:
4208:
4203:
4201:Churn and burn
4198:
4193:
4188:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4175:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4152:
4150:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4101:
4099:
4095:
4094:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4065:Sitdown strike
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4035:
4028:General strike
4025:
4019:
4017:
4015:Strike actions
4008:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3916:
3914:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3865:
3863:
3856:
3850:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3830:Craft unionism
3827:
3822:
3817:
3811:
3809:
3805:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3745:
3743:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3658:Labour council
3654:
3652:
3645:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3637:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3615:Labour history
3611:
3608:
3607:
3602:
3601:
3594:
3587:
3579:
3573:
3572:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3539:
3538:External links
3536:
3534:
3533:
3517:978-1604869569
3516:
3498:Ness, Immanuel
3494:
3486:
3474:Tom Zaniello:
3472:
3458:
3448:
3434:
3420:
3395:
3388:
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2439:
2416:
2404:
2392:
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2321:
2309:
2300:978-0826451736
2299:
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2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2040:Labour history
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2015:Class conflict
2012:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1892:
1889:
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1832:
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1814:
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1795:
1776:
1775:
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1753:
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1737:
1734:
1725:Main article:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1702:
1699:
1621:
1618:
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1607:
1605:
1602:
1590:
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1568:
1565:
1557:
1554:
1546:
1543:
1535:
1532:
1520:
1517:
1509:
1506:
1498:
1495:
1486:labour markets
1480:
1479:
1430:
1428:
1421:
1397:eight-hour day
1346:
1343:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1323:for Parliament
1317:
1314:
1312:constituencies
1308:
1305:
1243:Oliver the Spy
1169:William Cobbet
1137:United Kingdom
1127:
1124:
1103:Joseph Gerrald
1084:prime minister
1066:Thomas Paine's
1023:pamphleteering
977:Leicestershire
960:
957:
919:
916:
912:United Kingdom
868:
867:
854:
852:
845:
833:
830:
813:
811:
808:
800:social housing
752:
751:
724:
721:workers' party
711:countries), a
677:
676:
645:class conflict
633:working people
623:
622:
620:
619:
612:
605:
597:
594:
593:
590:
589:
584:
579:
574:
572:Labour history
569:
564:
559:
553:
550:
549:
546:
545:
541:
540:
535:
533:United Kingdom
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
449:
448:
445:Labour parties
443:
442:
439:
438:
434:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
382:
381:
376:
369:General strike
366:
361:
355:
354:
349:
348:
345:
344:
341:
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337:
332:
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319:
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198:
193:
191:Eight-hour day
188:
183:
178:
173:
167:
166:
161:
160:
157:
156:
153:
152:
150:
149:
144:
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
73:
70:
65:
64:
61:
60:
52:
51:
43:
42:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6321:
6310:
6307:
6306:
6304:
6290:
6289:
6285:
6283:
6282:
6278:
6276:
6275:
6264:
6261:
6254:
6251:
6249:
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6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
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6188:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6154:
6152:
6148:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6125:United States
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
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6056:
6053:
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6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5885:French Guiana
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5718:
5714:
5712:
5708:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5664:
5662:
5658:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5531:
5528:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5516:
5513:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5389:
5387:
5383:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5295:Biennio Rosso
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5275:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5214:
5213:Paris Commune
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5192:
5190:
5186:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5158:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5146:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5124:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5072:
5068:
5064:
5062:
5058:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5034:Mutual credit
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4979:Communization
4977:
4976:
4972:
4970:
4966:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4930:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4891:
4889:
4887:
4883:
4877:
4874:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4856:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4810:
4806:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4783:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4770:
4769:Philosophical
4767:
4765:
4762:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4753:
4750:
4749:
4748:
4747:Individualist
4745:
4743:
4741:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4728:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4690:Animal rights
4688:
4684:
4682:
4678:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4559:Individualism
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4539:Direct action
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4447:
4445:
4441:
4437:
4430:
4425:
4423:
4418:
4416:
4411:
4410:
4407:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4314:Forced labour
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4217:
4216:United States
4214:
4213:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4191:Union busting
4189:
4187:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4177:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4147:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4096:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4050:Overtime bans
4048:
4046:
4043:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4016:
4012:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3985:Strike notice
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3945:Labour revolt
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3911:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3860:
3857:
3851:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3825:General union
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3815:Company union
3813:
3812:
3810:
3806:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3789:Dual unionism
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3774:One Big Union
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3754:Service model
3752:
3750:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3740:
3734:
3733:Worker centre
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3655:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3642:
3635:
3634:public sector
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3620:Labour rights
3618:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3609:
3600:
3595:
3593:
3588:
3586:
3581:
3580:
3577:
3571:
3567:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3524:on 2019-06-08
3523:
3519:
3513:
3509:
3505:
3504:
3499:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3487:
3485:
3484:0-8014-4009-2
3481:
3477:
3473:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3459:
3457:
3456:1-55862-542-9
3453:
3449:
3447:
3446:0-521-52077-0
3443:
3439:
3435:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3410:
3406:
3405:
3400:
3396:
3393:
3389:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3375:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3363:
3350:
3349:0-06-064691-8
3346:
3342:
3337:
3321:
3317:
3316:
3311:
3305:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3276:
3261:
3257:
3256:
3251:
3245:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3214:David, Mary.
3210:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3186:
3182:
3175:
3159:
3155:
3154:parliament.uk
3151:
3145:
3138:
3133:
3126:
3121:
3114:
3109:
3102:
3097:
3095:
3093:
3086:, p. 43.
3085:
3080:
3073:
3068:
3061:
3056:
3049:
3044:
3042:
3034:
3029:
3027:
3019:
3014:
3007:
3002:
2996:, p. 36.
2995:
2990:
2983:
2978:
2971:
2966:
2951:
2947:
2945:9781107111653
2941:
2937:
2936:
2928:
2921:
2916:
2908:
2901:
2899:
2892:, p. 35.
2891:
2886:
2879:
2874:
2867:
2862:
2855:
2850:
2848:
2841:, p. 16.
2840:
2835:
2829:, p. 32.
2828:
2823:
2817:, p. 31.
2816:
2811:
2805:, p. 29.
2804:
2799:
2792:
2787:
2781:, p. 30.
2780:
2775:
2768:
2763:
2756:
2751:
2744:
2739:
2732:
2727:
2721:, p. 14.
2720:
2715:
2708:
2703:
2701:
2693:
2688:
2682:, p. 48.
2681:
2676:
2669:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2652:
2647:
2645:
2637:
2632:
2626:, p. 35.
2625:
2620:
2618:
2610:
2605:
2598:
2593:
2587:enforcement."
2585:
2581:
2576:
2569:
2564:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2531:
2527:
2526:
2518:
2511:
2506:
2499:
2494:
2487:
2482:
2475:
2470:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2436:
2432:
2431:
2423:
2421:
2413:
2408:
2402:, p. 13.
2401:
2396:
2389:
2377:
2373:
2371:9780722227237
2367:
2363:
2362:
2354:
2347:
2342:
2334:
2333:
2325:
2318:
2313:
2306:
2302:
2296:
2292:
2285:
2281:
2267:
2263:
2257:
2253:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2006:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1941:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1906:
1900:
1895:
1888:
1878:
1875:
1867:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1833:This section
1831:
1827:
1822:
1821:
1804:
1800:
1794:
1789:
1787:
1783:
1772:
1763:
1759:
1756:This section
1754:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1733:
1728:
1712:
1708:
1698:
1693:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1674:
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1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1616:
1600:
1596:
1589:United States
1585:
1574:
1563:
1552:
1541:
1530:
1526:
1515:
1504:
1494:
1492:
1487:
1484:Historically
1476:
1473:
1465:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1431:This section
1429:
1425:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1413:United States
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1373:Rerum novarum
1369:
1368:Pope Leo XIII
1365:
1359:
1354:
1352:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1331:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1289:
1284:
1283:Francis Place
1279:
1277:
1273:
1268:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1233:
1229:
1228:habeas corpus
1225:
1221:
1217:
1216:Hampden Clubs
1213:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1198:Thomas Wooler
1195:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1173:Lord Cochrane
1170:
1166:
1162:
1161:Thomas Spence
1157:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1138:
1133:
1123:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1055:
1050:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
973:
971:
967:
956:
953:
948:
946:
945:laissez-faire
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
915:
913:
908:
904:
900:
895:
894:factory towns
891:
887:
886:mechanization
883:
879:
875:
862:
860:
855:This section
853:
844:
843:
839:
828:
825:
818:
807:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
772:right to vote
769:
765:
761:
757:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
693:welfare state
690:
686:
685:labour rights
682:
679:
678:
674:
670:
669:strike action
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
649:
648:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
618:
613:
611:
606:
604:
599:
598:
596:
595:
588:
585:
583:
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
558:
555:
554:
548:
547:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
498:New Caledonia
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
450:
446:
441:
440:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
396:Overtime bans
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
380:
377:
375:
372:
371:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
356:
352:
351:Strike action
347:
346:
336:
333:
331:
328:
327:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
309:
306:
301:
300:
292:
289:
287:
286:Unfree labour
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
246:Paid time off
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
211:Four-day week
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
168:
164:
163:Labour rights
159:
158:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
137:Union busting
135:
133:
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
95:
93:
90:
88:
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80:
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72:
71:
68:
63:
62:
58:
54:
53:
50:
45:
44:
40:
34:
33:
30:
19:
6286:
6279:
6265:
6180:Anti-statism
6170:Anti-fascism
6075:South Africa
5575:Pi i Margall
5272:
5121:
5082:Anarcho-punk
5069:
5044:Wage slavery
5009:Gift economy
4904:Postcolonial
4886:Contemporary
4839:Independence
4786:Collectivist
4705:Love and sex
4534:Deep ecology
4469:Anationalism
4389:Wage slavery
4349:Maximum wage
4344:Minimum wage
4274:Six-hour day
4257:Other topics
4149:Compensation
4005:Work-to-rule
3899:Scope clause
3840:Police union
3678:Unionization
3624:
3526:. Retrieved
3522:the original
3502:
3489:
3475:
3461:
3437:
3423:
3413:. Retrieved
3403:
3391:
3384:
3366:
3351:, pg 202–203
3340:
3336:
3324:. Retrieved
3313:
3304:
3293:. Retrieved
3284:
3275:
3264:. Retrieved
3254:
3244:
3232:. Retrieved
3219:
3209:
3184:
3180:
3174:
3162:. Retrieved
3153:
3144:
3137:Pelling 2016
3132:
3120:
3108:
3079:
3067:
3055:
3013:
3001:
2989:
2977:
2965:
2954:. Retrieved
2934:
2927:
2915:
2906:
2885:
2873:
2861:
2839:Pelling 2016
2834:
2822:
2810:
2798:
2786:
2774:
2762:
2750:
2738:
2726:
2714:
2692:Pelling 2016
2687:
2675:
2651:Pelling 2016
2631:
2604:
2592:
2575:
2563:
2552:. Retrieved
2524:
2517:
2505:
2493:
2481:
2469:
2457:. Retrieved
2429:
2407:
2395:
2386:
2380:. Retrieved
2360:
2353:
2341:
2331:
2324:
2316:
2312:
2304:
2290:
2284:
2261:
2256:
2065:
2056:New Unionism
2004:
1939:
1885:
1870:
1864:January 2022
1861:
1846:Please help
1834:
1811:Contemporary
1802:
1791:
1779:
1766:
1762:adding to it
1757:
1730:
1701:Cooperatives
1694:
1690:
1675:
1665:to form the
1648:
1637:
1609:Trade unions
1556:South Africa
1483:
1468:
1462:January 2022
1459:
1444:Please help
1432:
1409:child labour
1389:minimum wage
1378:
1371:
1361:
1356:
1348:
1339:craft unions
1335:new unionism
1332:
1329:
1310:Equal-sized
1292:
1280:
1263:
1236:
1224:Gagging Acts
1211:
1208:William Hone
1201:
1191:
1185:
1158:
1142:
1129:
1126:19th century
1077:
1059:
1013:
981:Spitalfields
974:
962:
959:18th century
949:
921:
899:guild system
878:agricultural
871:
856:
820:
815:
780:40-hour week
753:
697:labour party
653:trade unions
640:
636:
628:
626:
431:Work-to-rule
305:Trade unions
276:Six-hour day
261:Right to sit
226:Minimum wage
176:Child labour
171:Annual leave
97:New unionism
66:
29:
6090:Switzerland
6050:Puerto Rico
6035:Philippines
6000:New Zealand
5995:Netherlands
5865:El Salvador
5700:Periodicals
5263:Tragic Week
5134:Lifestylism
5029:Mutual bank
4984:Cooperative
4949:Platformism
4899:Free-market
4827:Primitivist
4710:Nationalism
4639:Somatherapy
4549:Freethought
4334:Labour code
4294:Decent work
4248:Union raids
4238:Goon squads
4206:Paper local
4060:Recognition
4000:Unfair list
3920:Bossnapping
3889:Hiring hall
3879:Agency shop
3869:Closed shop
3799:Syndicalism
3723:Trades hall
3713:Union label
3698:Local union
3630:Trade union
3399:James, Paul
3250:James, Paul
2459:25 December
2051:Living wage
2020:Corporatism
1990:Syndicalism
1707:Cooperative
1651:Australasia
1615:Trade union
1545:South Korea
1232:Blanketeers
1175:, known as
1111:transported
1095:Thomas Muir
1019:John Wilkes
993:shipwrights
991:in London,
952:dead letter
947:economics.
903:Middle Ages
796:health care
657:labour laws
637:trade union
528:South Korea
508:Netherlands
503:New Zealand
132:Syndicalism
102:Proletariat
82:Decent work
6210:Dual Power
6195:Autonomism
6190:Autarchism
5850:East Timor
5820:Costa Rica
5765:Bangladesh
5760:Azerbaijan
5470:Feyerabend
5107:Freeganism
4757:Illegalist
4695:Capitalism
4634:Sociocracy
4604:Revolution
4569:Mutual aid
4499:Black bloc
4364:Protection
4339:Labour law
4329:Job strain
4156:Strike pay
4098:Bargaining
4045:Green bans
4038:newspapers
3884:Union shop
3853:Industrial
3703:Union dues
3528:2018-08-03
3415:2017-12-02
3326:15 January
3295:2021-03-29
3266:2017-12-02
3234:2 February
3164:2 February
2956:2021-09-25
2554:2021-12-24
2449:1004389945
2382:2021-09-26
2276:References
2035:Labour law
1975:De Leonism
1705:See also:
1659:government
1624:See also:
1613:See also:
1165:Henry Hunt
1080:Jacobinism
1043:John Horne
928:parliament
907:journeymen
756:capitalism
577:Labour law
386:Green bans
379:newspapers
271:Sick leave
266:Sabbatical
6248:Socialism
6200:Communism
6135:Venezuela
6070:Singapore
6005:Nicaragua
5930:Indonesia
5910:Hong Kong
5905:Guatemala
5750:Australia
5740:Argentina
5711:By region
5695:Musicians
5600:Santillán
5550:Malatesta
5520:Kropotkin
5500:Guillaume
5178:Symbolism
5092:DIY ethic
4969:Economics
4914:Post-left
4859:Christian
4854:Religious
4791:Communist
4776:Mutualist
4740:Classical
4700:Education
4649:Squatting
4609:Rewilding
4544:Free love
4436:Anarchism
4196:Givebacks
4179:Reactions
3980:Stay-away
3965:Picketing
3960:Precarity
3940:Grievance
3874:Open shop
3855:relations
3651:Structure
3644:Formation
3201:0018-2648
3113:Cole 1952
3101:Cole 1952
3033:Cole 1952
3018:Cole 1952
3006:Cole 1952
2970:Cole 1952
2920:Cole 1952
2866:Cole 1952
2827:Cole 1952
2779:Cole 1952
2755:Cole 1952
2624:Cole 1952
2510:Cole 1952
2412:Cole 1952
2400:Cole 1952
2346:Cole 1952
2000:Workerism
1965:Communism
1945:Anarchism
1835:does not
1769:July 2011
1497:Australia
1433:does not
1345:Worldwide
1267:John Gast
1188:Corn Laws
1091:seditious
1035:John Jebb
1005:Sheffield
997:Liverpool
776:democracy
764:socialism
523:Singapore
478:Hong Kong
453:Australia
206:Equal pay
127:Communism
122:Socialism
6303:Category
6281:Category
6045:Portugal
6025:Paraguay
5985:Mongolia
5970:Malaysia
5815:Colombia
5795:Bulgaria
5585:Proudhon
5545:Maksimov
5525:Landauer
5475:Giovanni
5425:Bookchin
5340:May 1968
5112:Infoshop
4864:Buddhist
4849:Pacifist
4817:Feminist
4796:Magonist
4764:Naturist
4720:Violence
4715:Religion
4614:Sabotage
4444:Concepts
4394:Workload
4379:Overwork
3975:Slowdown
3508:PM Press
3500:(2014).
3409:Archived
3374:Archived
3320:Archived
3289:Archived
3260:Archived
3228:Archived
3158:Archived
2950:Archived
2584:artisans
2548:Archived
2453:Archived
2376:Archived
2005:Topics:
1891:See also
1796:—
1673:(ALP).
1604:Overview
1393:holidays
1302:Suffrage
1294:Chartism
1276:Six Acts
1177:Radicals
1153:Midlands
1115:Two Acts
983:area of
970:Midlands
859:too long
778:and the
758:and the
705:Germanic
691:and the
518:Portugal
458:Barbados
416:Walkouts
391:Lockouts
241:Overwork
92:Timeline
38:a series
35:Part of
6288:Outline
6238:Marxism
6140:Vietnam
6130:Uruguay
6115:Ukraine
6105:Tunisia
6055:Romania
6010:Nigeria
5990:Morocco
5940:Ireland
5920:Iceland
5915:Hungary
5895:Germany
5890:Georgia
5875:Finland
5870:Estonia
5855:Ecuador
5840:Denmark
5825:Croatia
5780:Bolivia
5775:Belgium
5770:Belarus
5755:Austria
5745:Armenia
5735:Andorra
5730:Algeria
5725:Albania
5645:Yarchuk
5620:Tolstoy
5615:Thoreau
5610:Stirner
5605:Spooner
5570:Parsons
5495:Graeber
5485:Goldman
5445:Durruti
5430:Chomsky
5420:Bonanno
5415:Berkman
5410:Bakunin
5189:History
5139:May Day
5061:Culture
4454:Anarchy
4080:Whipsaw
4075:Walkout
3970:Salting
3913:Actions
3570:YouTube
3181:History
2544:1120984
1985:Marxism
1915:AFL–CIO
1856:removed
1841:sources
1716:Culture
1519:Germany
1454:removed
1439:sources
1411:in the
1391:, paid
1385:weekend
1149:Luddite
1132:Glasgow
1001:cutlers
989:hatters
940:weavers
924:England
857:may be
810:History
717:Romance
483:Ireland
473:Georgia
6110:Turkey
6100:Taiwan
6085:Sweden
6065:Serbia
6060:Russia
6040:Poland
6020:Panama
6015:Norway
5980:Monaco
5975:Mexico
5965:Latvia
5945:Israel
5900:Greece
5880:France
5800:Canada
5790:Brazil
5720:Africa
5650:Zerzan
5640:Warren
5625:Tucker
5595:Rocker
5590:Reclus
5580:Pouget
5560:Michel
5540:Makhno
5515:KĹŤtoku
5505:He-Yin
5480:Godwin
5465:Ferrer
5435:Cleyre
5400:Armand
5395:Alston
5386:People
4869:Jewish
4781:Social
4752:Egoist
4681:Issues
4023:Hartal
3935:Gherao
3742:Models
3514:
3482:
3468:
3454:
3444:
3430:
3371:online
3347:
3199:
2942:
2542:
2532:
2447:
2437:
2388:large.
2368:
2297:
2264:; See
1736:Topics
1632:, and
1578:Sweden
1508:Brazil
1206:, and
1171:, and
1105:, and
1041:, and
985:London
770:, the
709:Slavic
538:Sweden
513:Norway
488:Israel
463:Brazil
364:Hartal
6095:Syria
6080:Spain
5960:Korea
5955:Japan
5950:Italy
5925:India
5860:Egypt
5810:China
5805:Chile
5685:Films
5675:Books
5661:Lists
5630:Volin
5535:MagĂłn
5510:Kanno
5460:Faure
5455:Ervin
5450:Ellul
5335:Provo
5102:Films
4919:Queer
4894:Black
4822:Green
4033:Bandh
3808:Types
2262:labor
2248:Notes
1567:Spain
1534:Japan
1286:anti-
1109:were
999:, or
794:like
493:Malta
374:Bandh
6030:Peru
5935:Iran
5830:Cuba
5635:Ward
5565:Most
5555:Mett
5087:Arts
3894:Bump
3718:Salt
3512:ISBN
3480:ISBN
3466:ISBN
3452:ISBN
3442:ISBN
3428:ISBN
3345:ISBN
3328:2022
3236:2023
3197:ISSN
3166:2023
2940:ISBN
2540:OCLC
2530:ISBN
2461:2021
2445:OCLC
2435:ISBN
2366:ISBN
2295:ISBN
1839:any
1837:cite
1709:and
1676:The
1597:and
1527:and
1437:any
1435:cite
1349:The
1288:scab
888:and
880:and
802:and
786:and
715:(in
707:and
703:(in
627:The
468:Fiji
335:WFTU
330:ITUC
5530:Liu
5440:Day
5345:LIP
4564:Law
3568:on
3189:doi
1850:by
1764:.
1448:by
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1200:'s
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1003:in
995:in
922:In
651:In
639:or
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3222:.
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3091:^
3040:^
3025:^
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2897:^
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2699:^
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2643:^
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1016:MP
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