2846:
83:
2739:
143:
113:
4487:
3892:
3927:
3902:
3944:
780:
3912:
4533:
4011:
4055:
4024:
4074:
55:
3871:
1129:
4037:
1301:. Summers are hot and muggy, with an abundance of precipitation caused by thunderstorms from easterly winds. In addition, the islands can be affected by cyclones in the austral summer (between November and April). Winters are warm and humid, with easterly winds still creating high precipitation amounts. Far from any landmasses, the Tupua'i islands have a low absolute temperature range – a record high of 32.7 °C (90.9 °F) in March and a record low of 9.2 °C (48.6 °F) in August.
4179:
1252:
2662:
2909:
2895:
69:
150:
120:
90:
2771:, 2 on Tubuai Island: the Church of Mary and the Church of Saint Joseph (Église de Maria no te Hau; Église de Saint-Joseph) one on Rurutu Island: the Church of Saint Francis Regis (Église de Saint-François-Régis), and one more on Raivavae Island: the Church of Saint Peter (Église de Saint-Pierre). According to 1991 data, Protestant Christian groups represent the majority on these islands.
2881:
1266:
rocks with no protective coral reef. Maria, on the other hand, the oldest, is an atoll whose volcanic central island sank into the sea long ago, leaving only four motus. The remaining islands are classic atolls with a central island, a coral reef and a fringe of coral islands in the various stages of
771:
schooner Cora arrived at Rapa. Thirteen chiefs met and decided to capture the ship and crew and hand them over to the French authorities in Tahiti. A group of warriors sneaked aboard the Cora and seized the captain. The crew surrendered without resistance. Five sailors decided to stay on the island
2810:
Indeed, passing ships received numerous offerings but also plundered some of the islands' sites, notably the missionaries of the London
Missionary Society, anxious to eradicate all traces of ancient worship. The marae, Polynesian places of worship, were thus excavated and gradually disappeared. In
1247:
east-southeast of Bass Rocks (Marotori) to about 40 meters below sea level. The geologically oldest, more eroded and fractured islands are in the northwest, the younger ones in the southeast of the chain. The geological age of the basaltic rocks ranges from 28.6 million years on
Rimatara in the
702:
on April 28, 1789, off Tofua, the ship first headed for Tubuai, but only stayed there for a week before sailing for Tahiti. Armed with provisions and several
Tahitian women, the mutineers returned to Tubuai to settle. However, internal disputes and bloody clashes with the islanders, in which 66
1931:). Despite being situated south of the Tropic of Capricorn, the remote location in the middle of a tropical ocean enables the climate to be moderated in all seasons. Summers and winters are slightly cooler than in the Tupua'i Islands, and cyclones are rarer, as the islands are located near the
491:
fiber weaving skills. The islands of Maria and
Marotiri are not suitable for sustained habitation. Several of the islands have uninhabited islets or rocks off their coastlines. Austral Islands' population is 6,965 on almost 150 km (58 sq mi). The capital of the Austral Islands
561:, a near-beach settlement was excavated beginning in 1995 under the direction of American archaeologist Mark Eddowes, probably from a very early settlement phase. Food remains from the waste pits suggest that the inhabitants fed mainly on shellfish (fish, mussels, crustaceans) from the
584:, a stratified tribal society developed rapidly in settlements near the beach. The structure of the settlements reflected the social order. There were strictly separate dwellings, built of perishable materials, for the aristocracy, the priests, the middle class (artisans, artists),
572:
with other settlements, was an integral part of the economy. Dating of charcoal remains yielded dates of 1453 (±150 years) and 1113 (±50 years). According to the current state of research, an initial settlement of the
Austral Islands can be assumed at the beginning of the
1935:
at thirty degrees south. Precipitation is abundant in all seasons, and sunshine is uncommon every month of the year. The cool winters and strong winds prohibit ultra tropical fruits such as coconuts to thrive, as it has dropped to 8.5 °C (47.3 °F) in
September.
739:
He left as governor one of his
Tahitian chiefs, who prepared the ground for the LMS Protestant missionaries who followed from Moorea a year later. The conversion to Christianity was peaceful, as the chiefs assimilated the new religion quickly and without resistance.
614:
and the eastern
Pacific in 1956, led by Thor Heyerdahl, determined an antiquity of between 200 and 300 years for a fortified settlement on Rapa's Morongo Uta hill and dated the Hatututi castle complex of Raivavae to 1700 AD. Numerous wars and probably also
2731:; there are no large cities in the Austral Islands. Unlike other regions of Polynesia, the population of the Austral Islands has declined since the mid-1990s. The reason is the high migration of young people from the isolated archipelago to other parts of
2853:
Numerous other figures carved in wood or even in stone for the marae, carved wooden fly swatters generally with anthropomorphic figures, sometimes even with ivory handles, large decorated spoons as well as highly decorated bowls have been found in the
2526:
terrestrial ecoregion. The natural vegetation consisted of lowland and montane rain forests. Much of the original forest has been mostly cleared for pasture and agriculture. The islands are home to several endemic plants and animals, including the
736:(LMS) to the Austral Islands in October 1819. Lewis was rewarded with Raivavae sandalwood. The clans were engaged in one of their usual tribal wars. Pomaré managed to mediate between the warring parties and resolve the conflict diplomatically.
3215:
Captain Cook’s
Journal during his first voyage round the world made in H.M. Bark “Endeavour” 1768–71. A Literal Transcription of the Original Mss. with Notes and Introduction edited by Captain W.J.L. Wharton, R.N., F.R.S. Hydrographer of the
2826:
in London. There is a reproduction on the island. It is composed of thirty small figures sculpted on its body; its back had a cavity that could accommodate twenty-four other small sculptures which were however destroyed in 1822.
2672:
has barely touched the islands so far, and the tourist infrastructure is still underdeveloped. The islands can be reached by regular supply boat from Tahiti and by light aircraft from Tahiti-Faa'a airport. There are airfields at
2627:
and goat grazing, and open grasslands have formed with few low-growing trees. Dense stands of ferns have established in the narrow, moist crevices. The higher elevations in the lee of the mountains are arid in places.
2574:
aborigines. On the uninhabited Maria Atoll, ancient, largely undestroyed native vegetation can be found. On Rapa, too, there are still small remnants of the original montane rainforest in inaccessible steep areas.
767:. A strong group of armed men was put ashore to capture workers by force. But the inhabitants retreated to the mountain forts and the occupants had to leave without having achieved anything. A few days later, the
3323:
vom Juli 1999 Jean-Louis
Tamatoa Candelot: Opera-bouffe in the tropics – When two small kingdoms wanted to become English (History of Rurutu and Rimatara). In: Tahiti-Pacific Magazine vom Juli 1999
2586:) the vegetation is dominated by secondary growth. Beach vegetation differs little from that of other Pacific island groups, but is less species-rich. In the few areas undisturbed by man,
3793:
732:
was crowned king in 1819, it decided to extend its sphere of influence to the Austral Islands. Captain Lewis' American brig brought the king, his court and several missionaries from the
1243:
The Austral Islands form a chain of seven islands extending from southeast to northwest. They are the product of a hot spot beneath the still active Macdonald seamount, which rises 338
523:
excavations have been carried out so far. The date of the earliest settlement is unclear, as radiocarbon dates are scarcely available. However, due to their peripheral location in the
550:
archaeologist Patrick Vinton Kirch has further suggested that the Austral Islands, the southern Cook Islands, and the Society Islands should be seen as one extended cultural family.
717:, Rimatara in 1811 by British Tahitian sandalwood trader Samuel Pinder Henry, and Maria Atoll was finally discovered for the Western Hemisphere in 1824 by Nantucket whaling captain
2650:, tubers (taro and yams) and tropical and subtropical fruits. The products are mainly consumed by the farmers themselves, and small surpluses are exported to Tahiti. In addition,
2932:
2623:), probably introduced by Europeans, has also spread widely and forms extensive tangled stands up to middle elevations. However, large areas have been damaged by previous
4250:
3837:
3620:
3859:
802:. One exception was two small islands that the colonial powers of France and Britain had apparently overlooked. Rurutu, under King Teuruarii IV, and Rimatara, under
3566:
82:
798:
over Tubuai in 1874 and Raivavae in 1876. With the end of the Pomaré dynasty-the last king of Tahiti was Pomaré V-the islands were annexed in 1880 and became a
3813:
1178:
The islands of Maria and Marotiri are not suitable for sustained habitation. Several of the islands have uninhabited islets or rocks off their coastlines.
657:
was also on the ship. A large number of armed warriors were walking along the shore. As Cook had ordered to avoid any risk, the Pinasse returned to the
595:
settlements were abandoned, probably in the seventeenth or eighteenth century. The inhabitants retreated to heavily fortified settlements in the inland
507:
vessels were among the earliest and most consistent visitors to the islands in the 19th century. The first such vessel for which a record exists is the
3468:
3403:
2799:
originating from the Austral Islands are quite numerous and the works of art produced there have often been judged as the most remarkable produced in
3980:
3822:
2973:
4421:
3993:
3852:
3789:
3060:
Where the whalers went : an index to the Pacific ports and islands visited by American whalers (and some other ships) in the 19th century
4260:
4199:
2632:
1205:
3867:
4163:
3350:
2922:
142:
4463:
3845:
647:
1212:). Geographically, the administrative subdivision of the Austral Islands is identical with the constituency of the Austral Islands (
3707:
3678:
3649:
799:
4365:
4299:
3604:
4390:
4214:
3973:
3614:
3560:
2768:
2815:, for example, out of sixty-two marae present at the beginning of the 20th century, only twenty-three remain visible today.
680:
with Lieutenant Benarcosi and two translators, but they were prevented from landing in Mahanatoa Bay by several war canoes.
192:
4335:
3036:
3436:
112:
4624:
3317:
Opera-bouffe sous les tropiques – Lorsque deux petits royaumes voulurent devenir anglais (Histoire de Rurutu et Rimatara)
1144:
1098:
1043:
1006:
969:
932:
895:
4395:
4219:
4209:
4064:
3935:
3062:. Canberra: Pacific Manuscripts Bureau, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University. p. 1.
2927:
3827:
3550:
4059:
3930:
3525:
3344:
3205:. In: Abenteuer Archäologie, Heft 4, 2006, p. 8 Rise and fall on Rapa. In: Adventure Archaeology, Issue 4, 2006, p. 8
3136:
3103:
3067:
3004:
2845:
2818:
The best known work of art stolen from the Austral Islands is certainly the sculpture of the God A'a, discovered in
546:. For example, chief Tamatoa of Tubuai believed that he was descended from an ariki from the island of Raiatea. The
4350:
4340:
3966:
3810:
3765:
1928:
1908:
1294:
4486:
3943:
3926:
3911:
3901:
3891:
1920:
1900:
1290:
870:. Geographically, the Austral Islands consist of two separate archipelagos. From northwest to southeast they are:
4545:
3174:
Initial Results from Atiahara and Tetaitapu, Two Coastal Settlement Sites, Upon the Islands of Tubuai and Tahiti.
1886:
1193:
467:
1297:), but relatively cool compared to the Polynesian islands further north, as the Tupua'i islands are around the
783:
Royal family and chiefs of Rurutu. The young king, the regent, group of chiefs and inhabitants of Rurutu, 1889.
639:
reached the island, which he named Ohetiroa, during his first voyage to the Pacific on August 14, 1769. After
17:
4456:
4355:
4304:
4265:
4245:
4187:
4129:
2523:
554:
archaeologist Atholl John Anderson has argued similarly that the island of Rapa was settled around 1200 A.D.
4532:
3457:
3392:
2654:
and livestock (chickens and pigs) are raised for local consumption. Some copra, coffee in small quantities (
4255:
4233:
2942:
2701:(Pays d'outre-mer – POM) and are therefore affiliated with the EU. They are administered by a subdivision (
1225:
2858:. Overall, these works are finely decorated with great complexity and often with anthropomorphic figures.
687:
in March 1777 during his third voyage, but also failed to set foot on the island. His report was known to
527:, scholars suspect that the Austral Islands were colonized relatively late, possibly by visitors from the
4414:
4279:
4204:
4148:
4136:
2716:
is politically divided into 5 municipalities (Communes des Îles Australes), which administer themselves.
1892:
1282:
59:
3096:
On the road of the winds : an archaeological history of the Pacific islands before European contact
4112:
748:
of the tribal leaders had been broken. The Austral Islands initially remained under Tahitian hegemony.
744:
put an end to tribal warfare, but brought about decisive changes in the stratified tribal society. The
672:
on February 5, 1775, with the ships Águila and Júpiter as part of an expedition to Tahiti initiated by
484:
424:
4102:
4430:
4370:
4345:
2965:
2937:
1912:
733:
4891:
4449:
4360:
4178:
4097:
718:
673:
646:
anchored off the island for the night, Cook launched the pinnace the next day under the command of
2738:
4617:
4330:
2643:
810:
expressed no interest in the islands, Rurutu came under French suzerainty on March 27, 1889, and
4789:
4168:
2764:
819:
772:
as guests. A subsequent attempt by the barque Misti to capture the work was abandoned when the
3334:
2594:
2528:
859:
302:
4721:
619:
of natural resources may have drastically reduced the population even before the arrival of
487:(also known as Bass Rocks or Îlots de Bass). Inhabitants of the islands are known for their
4380:
4318:
4124:
4089:
2784:
806:, initially remained independent kingdoms. After an exchange of diplomatic notes and after
699:
620:
365:
8:
4641:
4375:
4153:
2685:. The administrative budget of the Austral Islands is largely financed by France and the
1298:
524:
435:. Geographically, they consist of two separate archipelagos, namely in the northwest the
4756:
4610:
3757:
3606:
A Global Church History: The Great Tradition through Cultures, Continents and Centuries
2613:
2604:
2544:
1186:
688:
4441:
3699:
3670:
3641:
3180:, Instituto de Estudio de Isla de Pasqua, Universidad Santiago de Chile 1999, pp. 7–30
3129:
Raʻivavae : archaeological survey of Raʻivavae, Austral Islands, French Polynesia
4819:
4746:
4674:
4581:
4158:
4141:
4107:
4042:
3915:
3749:
3610:
3556:
3531:
3521:
3464:
3399:
3340:
3142:
3132:
3109:
3099:
3073:
3063:
3010:
3000:
2554:
Most of the islands are surrounded by coral reefs. The islands constitute a distinct
2464:
1876:
1829:
1182:
542:
The Noble families of the Austral Islands and the clans of the Society Islands share
412:
353:
4117:
779:
4809:
4711:
4691:
4659:
4476:
3989:
3879:
3870:
3741:
3028:
2886:
2780:
2698:
2555:
1217:
1201:
855:
741:
710:
616:
420:
361:
307:
3493:
2803:
However, almost none of these works can be found on these islands but in renowned
2779:
The official language, as in the rest of France, is French. In everyday life, the
1943:
Climate data for Rapa, French Polynesia, 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1951–present
763:
as slave labor. In December 1862, a fleet of five ships anchored in Rapa's Ahurei
511:
in 1813. These ships came for fresh drinking water, firewood and food provisions.
4679:
4669:
4586:
4576:
4047:
4029:
3920:
3905:
3831:
3817:
3378:
In: Foulger, G. R., Natland, J. H., Presnall, D. C., and Anderson, D.L., (eds.):
2760:
2646:. The very fertile soils and the warm and humid climate make it possible to grow
2619:
2588:
2536:
1932:
1081:
879:
839:
528:
472:
442:
401:
349:
1037:
462:
253:
4834:
4794:
4774:
4726:
4706:
4497:
3428:
2914:
2900:
2865:
have been discovered, such as elaborate hairstyles as well as large crowns and
2823:
2686:
2624:
1196:) constitute an administrative subdivision, the Tuha'a Pae or Austral Islands (
1128:
807:
725:
574:
31:
3745:
3278:
Historical Dictionary of the Discovery and Exploration of the Pacific Islands.
54:
4885:
4799:
4654:
3753:
3014:
2756:
2343:
1708:
1159:
1146:
1113:
1100:
1058:
1045:
1021:
1008:
984:
971:
947:
934:
910:
897:
640:
611:
547:
357:
207:
194:
180:
4522:
3958:
3535:
3146:
3113:
3077:
889:
599:, comparable to the Pā of New Zealand. On Rapa Island, for example, 15 such
519:
The prehistory of the Austral Islands is largely in the dark, as only a few
450:
4779:
4764:
4649:
1251:
795:
768:
752:
654:
536:
787:
729:
703:
Tubuans were killed, caused the Bounty to depart only three months later.
4865:
4844:
4696:
4385:
3875:
3273:
2855:
2713:
2571:
791:
745:
714:
551:
520:
3761:
3729:
2611:
At lower elevations, outside of cultivated areas, there are thickets of
4870:
2839:
2752:
2647:
1277:
1244:
1232:
1000:
815:
803:
692:
636:
493:
437:
245:
68:
3730:"The Tahitian Churches and the Problem of the French Presence in 1991"
2661:
4633:
4291:
3293:
University of the South Pacific Press, Suva (Fidschi) 1986, pp. 39–41
2908:
2800:
2732:
2678:
665:
532:
377:
227:
963:
458:
317:
249:
4839:
4684:
4591:
4555:
4550:
4512:
4507:
4079:
3947:
2866:
2812:
2655:
2579:
1263:
1138:
1092:
926:
811:
706:
669:
568:
The processing of mussel shells, probably also for the exchange of
488:
480:
454:
257:
4824:
4849:
4814:
4804:
4731:
2894:
2796:
2728:
2669:
2651:
2608:
predominate, with shrubby and creeping plants in the understory.
1231:
The capital of the Austral Islands administrative subdivision is
867:
773:
600:
585:
543:
504:
432:
3382:, Geological Society of America Special Paper No. 388, pp. 71–90
2705:) of the High Commissariat of the Republic in French Polynesia (
1308:
Climate data for Tubuai (1981−2010 normals, extremes 1948−2014)
668:
Tomás de Gayangos was the first European to reach the island of
631:
Rurutu was the first of the Austral Islands to be discovered by
4829:
4741:
4716:
4517:
4502:
3234:
Bertrand, Paris 1837; englische Übersetzung: Arthur R. Borden:
2862:
2861:
Other objects used to dress the people or personalities of the
2819:
2804:
2674:
2583:
2570:
of the Austral Islands has already been modified mainly by the
863:
684:
677:
632:
607:
562:
558:
428:
385:
724:
After the Pomaré dynasty consolidated its rule in Tahiti with
565:. Other food animals included pigs, chickens and Pacific rat.
4769:
4736:
3376:
Ages of seamounts, islands and plateaus on the Pacific plate.
3339:. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. p. 342.
2933:
Islands controlled by France in the Indian and Pacific oceans
2835:
2677:, Tubuai, Raivavae and Rimatara. The currency is (still) the
2567:
1248:
northwest to 3.3 million years on Marotiri in the southeast.
760:
596:
592:
581:
569:
4602:
2830:
The Austral Islands are also known for their large vertical
1192:
In administrative terms, the Austral Islands (including the
755:" began, who took more than 3500 South Pacific islanders to
4784:
4701:
2831:
2682:
1262:
Marotiri, the youngest island, is merely a group of rugged
756:
658:
580:
After initial settlement in caves and rock ledges near the
3131:. Los Osos, CA: The Easter Island Foundation. p. 15.
2727:
The 6,820 inhabitants (2012 census) live mainly in small
2707:
Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie française
764:
3332:
2642:
The inhabitants of the Austral Islands live mainly from
626:
4471:
2658:
and Rurutu) and vanilla (Rurutu) are grown for export.
886:), named for one of the main islands. They consist of:
3515:
3591:
Recensement de la population 2012, Tableaux standards
3516:
Mueller-Dombois, Dieter; Fosberg, F. Raymond (1998).
3589:
Institut Statistique de Polynésie Française (ISPF):
3098:. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press.
2970:
Institut de la statistique de la Polynésie française
2876:
818:
took place in 1900, Rimatara and Rurutu also became
3163:. In: Antiquity, Vol. 80 vom Juni 2006, pp. 340–354
3161:
Prehistoric human impacts on Rapa, French Polynesia
2787:, is often spoken, but with a tendency to decline.
794:to France. As a result, France formally declared a
2869:of hair or feathers with shell or ivory pendants.
2697:Politically, the Austral Islands today belong to
923:) in the northwest, part of Rimatara municipality
4883:
3333:Gillespie, Rosemary G.; David A. Clague (2009).
751:In 1862, a two-year incursion of the so-called "
2742:Notice written in French in the old Fort George
1198:subdivision administrative des (Îles) Australes
46:Îles Australes (French) / Tuha'a Pae (Tahitian)
3603:Cone, Steven D.; Rea, Robert F. (2019-09-05).
4618:
4457:
3988:
3974:
3853:
3238:University Press of America, Lanham (MD) 1993
3226:
3224:
2735:or to France for their better job prospects.
2703:Subdivision administrative des Îles Australes
1172:) in the southeast, part of Rapa municipality
3385:
3280:The Scarecrow Press, Lanham (MD) 2005, p. XX
3236:Travels to the Islands of the Pacific Ocean.
2633:List of endemic plants of the Tubuai Islands
848:
4164:Annexation of the Leeward Islands by France
2923:French overseas departments and territories
854:) are the southernmost group of islands in
419:) are the southernmost group of islands in
4625:
4611:
4464:
4450:
3981:
3967:
3860:
3846:
3518:Vegetation of the tropical Pacific islands
3221:
3193:Doubleday & Co., New York 1961, p. 101
2692:
67:
3264:University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu 1991
676:. The next day Gayangos had a ship leave
3374:Valérie Clouard & Alain Bonneville:
2999:(in Spanish). Le Pontet: A. Barthélemy.
2960:
2958:
2844:
2737:
2660:
1250:
1127:
778:
3602:
3548:
3178:Easter Island and Polynesian Prehistory
3126:
3057:
2994:
2849:Display of objects from Austral Islands
2709:) in Papeete, on the island of Tahiti.
2600:Argusia argentea, Tournefortia argentea
149:
119:
89:
14:
4884:
3474:from the original on February 10, 2021
591:Due to increasing tribal warfare, the
4606:
4445:
3962:
3841:
3784:
3782:
3727:
3585:
3583:
3511:
3509:
3507:
3409:from the original on January 18, 2022
3370:
3368:
3251:Berlin Verlag, Berlin 2003, pp. 26–28
3176:In: Pataricia Vargas Casanova (ed.):
3093:
2955:
627:European exploration and colonization
30:For the island in the Antarctic, see
3089:
3087:
2767:and administer 4 churches under the
683:James Cook discovered the island of
661:without having attempted a landing.
3790:"Carved wooden figure known as A'a"
3520:. New York: Springer. p. 400.
2719:The official time zone is UTC −10.
2522:The Austral islands constitute the
1911:), bordering on a very-mild winter
588:, adolescents and pubescent girls.
557:At Atiahara, on the north coast of
24:
3823:Archives, municipalities with maps
3779:
3580:
3504:
3365:
3353:from the original on 19 April 2016
3039:from the original on 30 April 2020
2928:Administrative divisions of France
2751:The majority of the population is
2578:On the four larger islands (Rapa,
1214:circonscription des Îles Australes
25:
4903:
4569:Archipelagos of French Polynesia:
3834: (archived December 23, 2010)
3804:
3306:. Palgrave, New York 2002, p. 135
3084:
2976:from the original on 27 June 2019
2592:palm, heliotropes of the species
1185:. The only active volcano is the
1181:The chain is associated with the
691:, the leader of the mutineers on
479:) composed of the main island of
4531:
4485:
4177:
4072:
4053:
4035:
4022:
4009:
3942:
3925:
3910:
3900:
3890:
3869:
3796:from the original on 2007-10-14.
3671:"Église de Saint-François-Régis"
3304:A History of the Pacific Islands
3262:Who´s Who in Pacific Navigation.
3232:Voyages aux îles du Grand Océan.
2907:
2893:
2879:
1929:Trewartha climate classification
1909:Trewartha climate classification
1295:Trewartha climate classification
267:152 km (59 sq mi)
148:
141:
118:
111:
88:
81:
53:
3768:from the original on 2021-08-15
3721:
3710:from the original on 2021-08-14
3692:
3681:from the original on 2021-08-14
3663:
3652:from the original on 2021-08-14
3634:
3623:from the original on 2022-09-26
3596:
3569:from the original on 2022-04-07
3542:
3494:"Tubuai tropical moist forests"
3486:
3450:
3439:from the original on 2021-08-06
3421:
3326:
3309:
3296:
3283:
3267:
3254:
3241:
3208:
3196:
2834:or "pahu" often decorated with
2822:and currently exhibited at the
2722:
27:Archipelago in French Polynesia
3828:Oceandots.com satellite images
3734:The Journal of Pacific History
3183:
3166:
3153:
3120:
3094:Kirch, Patrick Vinton (2000).
3051:
3021:
2988:
492:administrative subdivision is
13:
1:
4632:
3549:Stanley, David (2011-04-05).
3393:"climate of Tubuai 1981–2010"
3380:Plates, plumes, and paradigms
3315:Jean-Louis Tamatoa Candelot:
3159:Atholl John Anderson et al.:
3058:Langdon, Robert, ed. (1984).
2948:
2561:
2524:Tubuai tropical moist forests
1921:Köppen climate classification
1901:Köppen climate classification
1291:Köppen climate classification
814:on March 29, 1889, The final
610:archaeological expedition to
514:
3230:Jacques-Antoine Moerenhout:
2943:Politics of French Polynesia
2838:figures that often welcomed
2774:
2755:mostly belonging to various
1226:Assembly of French Polynesia
1222:circonscriptions électorales
825:
790:of Tahiti ceded part of her
776:learned of the Cora's fate.
461:, Tupua'i Island proper and
102:Show map of French Polynesia
7:
2872:
2842:explorers or missionaries.
2746:
2416:Average precipitation days
2202:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
2062:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
1893:tropical rainforest climate
1781:Average precipitation days
1567:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1427:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
1283:tropical rainforest climate
1210:subdivision administratives
1206:administrative subdivisions
465:, and in the southeast the
60:Flag of the Austral Islands
10:
4908:
3203:Aufstieg und Fall auf Rapa
2790:
2637:
2630:
2517:
2509:
1942:
1874:
1307:
1270:
1238:
709:was discovered in 1791 by
499:
29:
4858:
4755:
4747:Wallis and Futuna Islands
4640:
4564:
4540:
4529:
4492:
4483:
4408:
4326:
4317:
4287:
4278:
4241:
4232:
4195:
4186:
4175:
4088:
4000:
3886:
3746:10.1080/00223349108572673
3609:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
3321:Tahiti-Pacifique Magazine
3218:Elliot Stock, London 1893
3127:Edwards, Edmundo (2005).
2938:List of islands of France
2681:, which is pegged to the
2462:
2415:
2341:
2271:
2201:
2131:
2061:
1991:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1913:humid subtropical climate
1827:
1780:
1706:
1636:
1566:
1496:
1426:
1356:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
734:London Missionary Society
719:George Washington Gardner
376:
371:
345:
337:
329:
324:
313:
301:
292:
287:
279:
275:650 m (2130 ft)
271:
263:
241:
233:
223:
186:
176:
171:
162:Show map of Pacific Ocean
75:
66:
52:
42:
4200:Administrative divisions
3700:"Église de Saint-Pierre"
3642:"Église de Saint-Joseph"
2997:L'archipel des Australes
1293:, Arab according to the
1132:Tubuai, Austral Islands.
674:Manuel de Amat y Junyent
3336:Encyclopedia of Islands
2783:, which belongs to the
2763:. Catholics follow the
2693:Politics and government
2644:subsistence agriculture
1220:'s six constituencies (
410:Archipel des Australes;
4169:Bombardment of Papeete
3500:. World Wildlife Fund.
3498:Terrestrial Ecoregions
3458:"Fiche Climatologique"
3302:Steven Roger Fischer:
3033:Tahiti Travel Planners
2995:Guillin, Jean (2001).
2850:
2807:in Western countries.
2769:Archdiocese of Papeete
2743:
2666:
2533:Acrocephalus rimatarae
1259:
1258:in the Austral Islands
1256:Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
1160:27.91667°S 143.43333°W
1133:
1114:27.58333°S 144.33333°W
1085:
1059:23.86667°S 147.66667°W
1022:23.38333°S 149.45000°W
985:22.48444°S 151.33417°W
948:22.64028°S 152.83778°W
911:21.80000°S 154.68333°W
883:
850:Archipel des Australes
849:
843:
784:
713:, Marotiri in 1800 by
476:
446:
416:
405:
372:Additional information
341:43/km (111/sq mi)
320: (pop. 2,466)
272:Highest elevation
4859:Polynesian-influenced
3728:Saura, Bruno (1991).
3555:. Avalon Publishing.
2848:
2741:
2664:
2595:Heliotropium arboreum
2529:Rimatara reed warbler
2510:Source: Meteo France
1254:
1165:-27.91667; -143.43333
1131:
1119:-27.58333; -144.33333
1064:-23.86667; -147.66667
1027:-23.38333; -149.45000
990:-22.48444; -151.33417
953:-22.64028; -152.83778
916:-21.80000; -154.68333
860:overseas collectivity
782:
4125:Kingdom of Bora Bora
3291:Slavers in Paradise.
3247:Caroline Alexander:
2785:Polynesian languages
1992:Record high °C (°F)
1357:Record high °C (°F)
700:mutiny of the Bounty
603:have been recorded.
575:second millennium AD
449:) consisting of the
366:Polynesian languages
4757:Polynesian outliers
4642:Polynesian triangle
4376:Order of Tahiti Nui
4154:Franco-Tahitian War
4149:Monarchs of Raiatea
4137:Monarchs of Huahine
3289:Henry Evans Maude:
3276:& John Robson:
2272:Record low °C (°F)
2132:Daily mean °C (°F)
1637:Record low °C (°F)
1497:Daily mean °C (°F)
1299:Tropic of Capricorn
1156: /
1110: /
1091:the main island of
1055: /
1018: /
981: /
944: /
907: /
525:Polynesian Triangle
204: /
132:Show map of Oceania
39:
4300:Telecommunications
3816:2019-06-07 at the
3029:"Australs Resorts"
2851:
2744:
2667:
2614:Hibiscus tiliaceus
2605:Pandanus tectorius
2541:Ptilonopus huttoni
1260:
1187:Macdonald seamount
1134:
785:
689:Fletcher Christian
314:Largest settlement
280:Highest point
37:
4879:
4878:
4675:Marquesas Islands
4600:
4599:
4439:
4438:
4404:
4403:
4313:
4312:
4274:
4273:
4261:Political parties
4251:High Commissioner
4228:
4227:
4159:Jarnac Convention
4142:House of Teururai
4108:Kingdom of Tahiti
4103:Polynesian people
4043:Marquesas Islands
3956:
3955:
3916:Marquesas Islands
3616:978-0-567-67307-7
3562:978-1-61238-114-5
3429:"Rapa Iti Island"
3189:Donald Marshall:
2757:Protestant groups
2514:
2513:
1882:
1881:
1289:according to the
1183:Macdonald hotspot
394:
393:
16:(Redirected from
4899:
4712:Pitcairn Islands
4692:Hawaiian Islands
4660:French Polynesia
4627:
4620:
4613:
4604:
4603:
4535:
4489:
4477:French Polynesia
4466:
4459:
4452:
4443:
4442:
4424:
4417:
4324:
4323:
4295:
4285:
4284:
4239:
4238:
4210:Cities and towns
4193:
4192:
4181:
4080:Tuamotus Islands
4078:
4076:
4075:
4065:Windward Islands
4058:
4057:
4056:
4041:
4039:
4038:
4028:
4026:
4025:
4015:
4013:
4012:
3990:French Polynesia
3983:
3976:
3969:
3960:
3959:
3946:
3936:Windward Islands
3929:
3914:
3904:
3894:
3880:French Polynesia
3874:
3873:
3862:
3855:
3848:
3839:
3838:
3798:
3797:
3786:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3725:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3715:
3696:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3686:
3667:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3657:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3600:
3594:
3587:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3574:
3546:
3540:
3539:
3513:
3502:
3501:
3490:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3479:
3473:
3462:
3454:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3433:Tropical Islands
3425:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3414:
3408:
3397:
3389:
3383:
3372:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3330:
3324:
3313:
3307:
3300:
3294:
3287:
3281:
3271:
3265:
3258:
3252:
3245:
3239:
3228:
3219:
3212:
3206:
3200:
3194:
3187:
3181:
3170:
3164:
3157:
3151:
3150:
3124:
3118:
3117:
3091:
3082:
3081:
3055:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3044:
3025:
3019:
3018:
2992:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2962:
2917:
2912:
2911:
2903:
2898:
2897:
2889:
2887:Geography portal
2884:
2883:
2882:
2781:Austral language
2699:French Polynesia
2665:Tubuai City Hall
2556:marine ecoregion
2419:
1940:
1939:
1784:
1305:
1304:
1218:French Polynesia
1202:French Polynesia
1171:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1011:
996:
995:
993:
992:
991:
986:
982:
979:
978:
977:
974:
959:
958:
956:
955:
954:
949:
945:
942:
941:
940:
937:
922:
921:
919:
918:
917:
912:
908:
905:
904:
903:
900:
856:French Polynesia
852:
804:Queen Tamaeva IV
742:Christianization
711:George Vancouver
617:overexploitation
425:overseas country
421:French Polynesia
308:French Polynesia
219:
218:
216:
215:
214:
209:
208:23.88°S 147.67°W
205:
202:
201:
200:
197:
163:
152:
151:
145:
133:
122:
121:
115:
103:
92:
91:
85:
71:
57:
40:
36:
21:
4907:
4906:
4902:
4901:
4900:
4898:
4897:
4896:
4892:Austral Islands
4882:
4881:
4880:
4875:
4854:
4751:
4680:Society Islands
4670:Gambier Islands
4665:Austral Islands
4636:
4631:
4601:
4596:
4560:
4536:
4527:
4490:
4479:
4473:Austral Islands
4470:
4440:
4435:
4427:
4420:
4413:
4400:
4309:
4293:
4270:
4224:
4182:
4173:
4084:
4073:
4071:
4060:Leeward Islands
4054:
4052:
4048:Society Islands
4036:
4034:
4030:Gambier Islands
4023:
4021:
4017:Austral Islands
4010:
4008:
3996:
3987:
3957:
3952:
3948:Tuamotu Islands
3931:Leeward Islands
3921:Society Islands
3906:Gambier Islands
3896:Austral Islands
3882:
3868:
3866:
3832:Wayback Machine
3818:Wayback Machine
3807:
3802:
3801:
3788:
3787:
3780:
3771:
3769:
3726:
3722:
3713:
3711:
3698:
3697:
3693:
3684:
3682:
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3664:
3655:
3653:
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3626:
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3597:
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3581:
3572:
3570:
3563:
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3505:
3492:
3491:
3487:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3460:
3456:
3455:
3451:
3442:
3440:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3412:
3410:
3406:
3395:
3391:
3390:
3386:
3373:
3366:
3356:
3354:
3347:
3331:
3327:
3314:
3310:
3301:
3297:
3288:
3284:
3272:
3268:
3259:
3255:
3246:
3242:
3229:
3222:
3213:
3209:
3201:
3197:
3188:
3184:
3171:
3167:
3158:
3154:
3139:
3125:
3121:
3106:
3092:
3085:
3070:
3056:
3052:
3042:
3040:
3027:
3026:
3022:
3007:
2993:
2989:
2979:
2977:
2964:
2963:
2956:
2951:
2913:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2885:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2793:
2777:
2761:Catholic Church
2749:
2725:
2695:
2640:
2635:
2620:Psidium guajava
2589:Pisonia grandis
2564:
2545:Kuhl's lorikeet
2537:Rapa fruit-dove
2520:
2515:
2417:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1933:Horse Latitudes
1883:
1782:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1701:
1696:
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1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
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1646:
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1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
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1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1278:Tupua'i islands
1273:
1241:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1139:Marotiri island
1118:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1096:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1004:
989:
987:
983:
980:
975:
972:
970:
968:
967:
952:
950:
946:
943:
938:
935:
933:
931:
930:
915:
913:
909:
906:
901:
898:
896:
894:
893:
876:Tupua'i Islands
836:Austral Islands
828:
820:French colonies
788:Queen Pomaré IV
648:Lieutenant Gore
629:
529:Society Islands
517:
502:
438:Tupua'i islands
429:French Republic
406:Îles Australes,
398:Austral Islands
390:
350:French language
297:
213:-23.88; -147.67
212:
210:
206:
203:
198:
195:
193:
191:
190:
167:
166:
165:
164:
161:
160:
159:
158:
157:
156:Austral Islands
153:
136:
135:
134:
131:
130:
129:
128:
127:
126:Austral Islands
123:
106:
105:
104:
101:
100:
99:
98:
97:
96:Austral Islands
93:
62:
48:
47:
38:Austral Islands
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Tuha'a Pae
15:
12:
11:
5:
4905:
4895:
4894:
4877:
4876:
4874:
4873:
4868:
4862:
4860:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4795:Kapingamarangi
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4761:
4759:
4753:
4752:
4750:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4727:Samoan Islands
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4707:Norfolk Island
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4688:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4657:
4652:
4646:
4644:
4638:
4637:
4630:
4629:
4622:
4615:
4607:
4598:
4597:
4595:
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4579:
4574:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4559:
4558:
4553:
4541:
4538:
4537:
4530:
4528:
4526:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4498:Tubuai Islands
4493:
4491:
4484:
4481:
4480:
4469:
4468:
4461:
4454:
4446:
4437:
4436:
4434:
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4409:
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4398:
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4321:
4315:
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4310:
4308:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4288:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4272:
4271:
4269:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4242:
4236:
4230:
4229:
4226:
4225:
4223:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4196:
4190:
4184:
4183:
4176:
4174:
4172:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4145:
4144:
4134:
4133:
4132:
4122:
4121:
4120:
4118:Pōmare dynasty
4115:
4105:
4100:
4094:
4092:
4086:
4085:
4083:
4082:
4069:
4068:
4067:
4062:
4045:
4032:
4019:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3986:
3985:
3978:
3971:
3963:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3950:
3940:
3939:
3938:
3933:
3918:
3908:
3898:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3865:
3864:
3857:
3850:
3842:
3836:
3835:
3825:
3820:
3806:
3805:External links
3803:
3800:
3799:
3778:
3740:(2): 347–357.
3720:
3691:
3662:
3633:
3615:
3595:
3579:
3561:
3541:
3526:
3503:
3485:
3449:
3435:. 2020-08-18.
3420:
3384:
3364:
3345:
3325:
3308:
3295:
3282:
3266:
3260:John Dunmore:
3253:
3240:
3220:
3207:
3195:
3182:
3172:Mark Eddowes:
3165:
3152:
3137:
3119:
3104:
3083:
3068:
3050:
3020:
3005:
2987:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2919:
2918:
2915:Oceania portal
2904:
2901:Islands portal
2890:
2874:
2871:
2824:British Museum
2795:The traces of
2792:
2789:
2776:
2773:
2748:
2745:
2724:
2721:
2694:
2691:
2639:
2636:
2625:slash-and-burn
2563:
2560:
2519:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2465:sunshine hours
2460:
2459:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2339:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1989:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1938:
1891:have a have a
1880:
1879:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1830:sunshine hours
1825:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1303:
1272:
1269:
1240:
1237:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1135:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1035:
998:
961:
924:
844:Îles Australes
827:
824:
628:
625:
521:archaeological
516:
513:
501:
498:
483:and the small
392:
391:
389:
388:
382:
380:
374:
373:
369:
368:
347:
343:
342:
339:
335:
334:
331:
327:
326:
322:
321:
315:
311:
310:
305:
299:
298:
293:
290:
289:
288:Administration
285:
284:
281:
277:
276:
273:
269:
268:
265:
261:
260:
243:
239:
238:
235:
231:
230:
225:
221:
220:
188:
184:
183:
178:
174:
173:
169:
168:
155:
154:
147:
146:
140:
139:
138:
137:
125:
124:
117:
116:
110:
109:
108:
107:
95:
94:
87:
86:
80:
79:
78:
77:
76:
73:
72:
64:
63:
58:
50:
49:
45:
43:
32:Austral Island
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4904:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4887:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4861:
4857:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4762:
4760:
4758:
4754:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4722:Salas y Gómez
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4655:Easter Island
4653:
4651:
4648:
4647:
4645:
4643:
4639:
4635:
4628:
4623:
4621:
4616:
4614:
4609:
4608:
4605:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4567:
4566:
4563:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4543:
4542:
4539:
4534:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4495:
4494:
4488:
4482:
4478:
4474:
4467:
4462:
4460:
4455:
4453:
4448:
4447:
4444:
4432:
4429:
4428:
4423:
4419:
4416:
4412:
4411:
4407:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4290:
4289:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4277:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4231:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4185:
4180:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4138:
4135:
4131:
4128:
4127:
4126:
4123:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4110:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4095:
4093:
4091:
4087:
4081:
4070:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4051:
4050:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4033:
4031:
4020:
4018:
4006:
4003:
4002:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3984:
3979:
3977:
3972:
3970:
3965:
3964:
3961:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3928:
3924:
3923:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3913:
3909:
3907:
3903:
3899:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3888:
3885:
3881:
3877:
3872:
3863:
3858:
3856:
3851:
3849:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3833:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3815:
3812:
3811:Official site
3809:
3808:
3795:
3791:
3785:
3783:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3731:
3724:
3709:
3705:
3701:
3695:
3680:
3676:
3672:
3666:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3637:
3622:
3618:
3612:
3608:
3607:
3599:
3592:
3586:
3584:
3568:
3564:
3558:
3554:
3553:
3545:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3527:0-387-98285-X
3523:
3519:
3512:
3510:
3508:
3499:
3495:
3489:
3470:
3466:
3459:
3453:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3424:
3405:
3401:
3398:(in French).
3394:
3388:
3381:
3377:
3371:
3369:
3352:
3348:
3346:9780520256491
3342:
3338:
3337:
3329:
3322:
3318:
3312:
3305:
3299:
3292:
3286:
3279:
3275:
3270:
3263:
3257:
3250:
3244:
3237:
3233:
3227:
3225:
3217:
3211:
3204:
3199:
3192:
3186:
3179:
3175:
3169:
3162:
3156:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3138:1-880636-22-0
3134:
3130:
3123:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3105:0-520-22347-0
3101:
3097:
3090:
3088:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3069:0-86784-471-X
3065:
3061:
3054:
3038:
3034:
3030:
3024:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3006:2-87923-138-8
3002:
2998:
2991:
2975:
2972:(in French).
2971:
2967:
2961:
2959:
2954:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2910:
2905:
2902:
2896:
2891:
2888:
2877:
2870:
2868:
2864:
2859:
2857:
2847:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2828:
2825:
2821:
2816:
2814:
2808:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2788:
2786:
2782:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2740:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2690:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2671:
2663:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2634:
2629:
2626:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2615:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2582:, Tubuai and
2581:
2576:
2573:
2569:
2559:
2557:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2525:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:Mean monthly
2461:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2414:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2345:
2344:precipitation
2340:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2270:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2200:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2060:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1990:
1946:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1885:The southern
1878:
1873:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:Mean monthly
1826:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1779:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1710:
1709:precipitation
1705:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1635:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1565:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1425:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1355:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1275:The northern
1268:
1267:development.
1265:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1246:
1236:
1234:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1189:(40m depth).
1188:
1184:
1179:
1169:
1140:
1136:
1130:
1123:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1068:
1039:
1036:
1031:
1002:
999:
994:
965:
962:
957:
928:
925:
920:
891:
888:
887:
885:
881:
877:
873:
872:
871:
869:
868:South Pacific
865:
861:
857:
853:
851:
845:
841:
837:
833:
823:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
800:French colony
797:
793:
789:
781:
777:
775:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
749:
747:
743:
737:
735:
731:
727:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
701:
697:
696:
690:
686:
681:
679:
675:
671:
667:
662:
660:
656:
651:
649:
645:
644:
638:
634:
624:
622:
618:
613:
612:Easter Island
609:
604:
602:
598:
594:
589:
587:
583:
578:
576:
571:
566:
564:
560:
555:
553:
549:
545:
540:
538:
534:
530:
526:
522:
512:
510:
506:
497:
495:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
469:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
439:
434:
433:South Pacific
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
411:
407:
403:
399:
387:
384:
383:
381:
379:
375:
370:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
323:
319:
316:
312:
309:
306:
304:
300:
296:
291:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
259:
255:
251:
247:
244:
242:Major islands
240:
236:
234:Total islands
232:
229:
226:
222:
217:
189:
185:
182:
181:Pacific Ocean
179:
175:
170:
144:
114:
84:
74:
70:
65:
61:
56:
51:
44:Native name:
41:
33:
19:
4780:Duff Islands
4664:
4650:Cook Islands
4571:
4568:
4546:Bass Islands
4544:
4496:
4472:
4351:Demographics
4341:Coat of arms
4016:
4005:Archipelagos
4004:
3895:
3876:Archipelagos
3770:. Retrieved
3737:
3733:
3723:
3712:. Retrieved
3703:
3694:
3683:. Retrieved
3674:
3665:
3654:. Retrieved
3645:
3636:
3625:. Retrieved
3605:
3598:
3590:
3571:. Retrieved
3551:
3544:
3517:
3497:
3488:
3476:. Retrieved
3465:Météo France
3452:
3441:. Retrieved
3432:
3423:
3411:. Retrieved
3400:Météo-France
3387:
3379:
3375:
3355:. Retrieved
3335:
3328:
3320:
3316:
3311:
3303:
3298:
3290:
3285:
3277:
3269:
3261:
3256:
3248:
3243:
3235:
3231:
3214:
3210:
3202:
3198:
3190:
3185:
3177:
3173:
3168:
3160:
3155:
3128:
3122:
3095:
3059:
3053:
3041:. Retrieved
3032:
3023:
2996:
2990:
2978:. Retrieved
2969:
2966:"Population"
2860:
2852:
2829:
2817:
2809:
2794:
2778:
2750:
2726:
2723:Demographics
2718:
2711:
2706:
2702:
2696:
2668:
2641:
2618:
2612:
2610:
2603:
2599:
2593:
2587:
2577:
2565:
2553:
2548:
2540:
2532:
2521:
2346:mm (inches)
1924:
1916:
1904:
1896:
1888:Bass Islands
1887:
1884:
1877:Météo-France
1711:mm (inches)
1286:
1276:
1274:
1261:
1255:
1242:
1230:
1221:
1213:
1209:
1197:
1194:Bass Islands
1191:
1180:
1177:
1088:) comprise:
1078:Bass Islands
1077:
875:
847:
835:
831:
829:
796:protectorate
786:
753:Blackbirders
750:
738:
728:support and
723:
705:
698:. After the
694:
682:
663:
655:Joseph Banks
652:
642:
630:
605:
590:
579:
567:
556:
541:
537:Cook Islands
518:
508:
503:
468:Bass Islands
466:
436:
409:
397:
395:
338:Pop. density
333:6,965 (2017)
325:Demographics
303:Collectivity
294:
4866:Lau Islands
4820:Ontong Java
4697:New Zealand
4386:Polynesians
3552:Moon Tahiti
3478:February 2,
3274:Max Quanchi
3249:Die Bounty.
3043:16 December
2856:archipelago
2714:archipelago
2598:(synonyms:
1163: /
1151:143°26′00″W
1117: /
1105:144°20′00″W
1062: /
1050:147°40′00″W
1025: /
1013:149°27′00″W
988: /
976:151°20′03″W
951: /
939:152°50′16″W
914: /
902:154°41′00″W
884:Îles Tubuaï
792:sovereignty
746:omnipotence
715:George Bass
653:Naturalist
552:New Zealand
477:Îles basses
447:Îles Tubuaï
408:officially
224:Archipelago
211: /
187:Coordinates
4871:Madagascar
4294:(currency)
4292:CFP franc
4007: :
3772:2021-08-17
3714:2021-08-17
3685:2021-08-17
3656:2021-08-17
3627:2021-11-15
3573:2021-11-15
3443:2022-04-23
3216:Admiralty.
2949:References
2765:Latin rite
2648:vegetables
2631:See also:
2572:Polynesian
2562:Vegetation
2549:Vini kuhli
1783:(≥ 1.0 mm)
1245:kilometers
1224:) for the
1216:), one of
1200:), one of
1148:27°55′00″S
1137:the small
1102:27°35′00″S
1047:23°52′00″S
1010:23°23′00″S
973:22°29′04″S
936:22°38′25″S
899:21°48′00″S
890:Îles Maria
832:Tuha'a Pae
816:annexation
637:James Cook
515:Prehistory
509:New Hazard
451:Îles Maria
417:Tuha'a Pae
330:Population
283:Mont Perau
4634:Polynesia
4587:Societies
4582:Marquesas
4381:Mythology
4366:Languages
4356:Education
4305:Transport
4266:President
4246:Elections
4215:Volcanoes
4188:Geography
4098:Marquesas
3754:0022-3344
3704:GCatholic
3675:GCatholic
3646:GCatholic
3191:Raivavae.
3015:469536927
2867:necklaces
2840:Christian
2801:Polynesia
2775:Languages
2753:Christian
2733:Polynesia
2679:CFP franc
2617:. Guava (
2411:(101.36)
1086:Îles Bass
1038:Ra'ivāvae
826:Geography
730:Pomaré II
643:Endeavour
635:in 1769.
621:Europeans
608:Norwegian
535:, or the
533:Mangareva
463:Ra'ivāvae
378:Time zone
346:Languages
254:Ra'ivāvae
228:Polynesia
172:Geography
4886:Category
4840:Sikaiana
4810:Nukumanu
4685:Tuamotus
4592:Tuamotus
4577:Gambiers
4572:Australs
4556:Marotiri
4513:Rimatara
4508:Raivavae
4431:Category
4391:Religion
4336:Category
4256:Assembly
4234:Politics
4220:Wildlife
4130:Monarchs
4113:Monarchs
3994:articles
3814:Archived
3794:Archived
3766:Archived
3762:25169083
3708:Archived
3679:Archived
3650:Archived
3621:Archived
3567:Archived
3536:37254337
3469:Archived
3437:Archived
3413:April 8,
3404:Archived
3351:Archived
3147:70205511
3114:41641356
3078:11488983
3037:Archived
2974:Archived
2873:See also
2813:Raivavae
2759:and the
2747:Religion
2729:villages
2656:Raivavae
2580:Raivavae
2418:(≥ 1 mm)
2381:(10.17)
2361:(10.86)
2342:Average
1875:Source:
1776:(71.88)
1707:Average
1264:volcanic
1204:'s five
1093:Rapa Iti
927:Rimatara
812:Rimatara
707:Rapa Iti
670:Raivavae
666:Spaniard
586:warriors
548:American
489:pandanus
485:Marotiri
481:Rapa Iti
455:Rimatara
413:Tahitian
354:Tahitian
258:Rapa Iti
199:147°40′W
177:Location
4850:Tikopia
4835:Rennell
4815:Nukuoro
4805:Nuguria
4775:Bellona
4732:Tokelau
4415:Outline
4319:Culture
4280:Economy
4205:Climate
4090:History
3830:at the
2863:islands
2805:museums
2797:culture
2791:Culture
2670:Tourism
2652:fishing
2638:Economy
2543:), and
2518:Ecology
2409:2,574.6
2406:(8.72)
2401:(6.72)
2396:(7.25)
2391:(6.50)
2386:(9.36)
2376:(8.22)
2371:(7.28)
2366:(9.90)
2356:(7.36)
2351:(9.03)
2337:(47.3)
2332:(55.8)
2327:(53.6)
2322:(50.9)
2317:(47.3)
2312:(48.0)
2307:(49.6)
2302:(50.4)
2297:(50.2)
2292:(56.3)
2287:(59.4)
2282:(60.1)
2277:(54.0)
2267:(65.7)
2262:(67.8)
2257:(65.3)
2252:(62.4)
2247:(60.4)
2242:(60.4)
2237:(61.2)
2232:(62.2)
2227:(65.5)
2222:(68.4)
2217:(71.1)
2212:(72.1)
2207:(71.1)
2197:(69.6)
2192:(71.4)
2187:(69.1)
2182:(66.6)
2177:(64.6)
2172:(64.6)
2167:(65.1)
2162:(66.4)
2157:(69.4)
2152:(72.3)
2147:(75.0)
2142:(75.9)
2137:(74.7)
2127:(73.4)
2122:(75.2)
2117:(72.9)
2112:(70.5)
2107:(68.7)
2102:(68.7)
2097:(69.3)
2092:(70.5)
2087:(73.2)
2082:(76.1)
2077:(79.0)
2072:(79.5)
2067:(78.3)
2057:(88.9)
2052:(86.2)
2047:(84.0)
2042:(79.5)
2037:(79.5)
2032:(77.0)
2027:(76.5)
2022:(79.3)
2017:(82.6)
2012:(86.5)
2007:(88.9)
2002:(87.6)
1997:(87.8)
1927:in the
1919:in the
1907:in the
1899:in the
1774:1,825.7
1771:(7.89)
1766:(5.27)
1761:(4.59)
1756:(4.13)
1751:(5.25)
1746:(5.35)
1741:(4.69)
1736:(6.04)
1731:(6.51)
1726:(6.94)
1721:(7.57)
1716:(7.65)
1702:(48.6)
1697:(57.7)
1692:(53.6)
1687:(51.3)
1682:(50.5)
1677:(48.6)
1672:(50.0)
1667:(50.0)
1662:(50.0)
1657:(58.3)
1652:(60.4)
1647:(59.9)
1642:(58.1)
1632:(69.5)
1627:(71.6)
1622:(69.4)
1617:(67.1)
1612:(65.1)
1607:(64.9)
1602:(65.5)
1597:(66.2)
1592:(69.3)
1587:(72.1)
1582:(74.1)
1577:(74.7)
1572:(73.9)
1562:(74.2)
1557:(76.1)
1552:(74.1)
1547:(71.8)
1542:(70.0)
1537:(69.8)
1532:(70.2)
1527:(71.1)
1522:(73.8)
1517:(76.8)
1512:(78.8)
1507:(79.2)
1502:(78.3)
1492:(78.8)
1487:(80.4)
1482:(78.6)
1477:(76.5)
1472:(75.0)
1467:(74.7)
1462:(75.0)
1457:(75.9)
1452:(78.4)
1447:(81.3)
1442:(83.5)
1437:(83.5)
1432:(82.4)
1422:(90.9)
1417:(89.6)
1412:(86.0)
1407:(86.0)
1402:(84.2)
1397:(86.0)
1392:(86.0)
1387:(87.8)
1382:(89.6)
1377:(90.1)
1372:(90.9)
1367:(89.6)
1362:(89.6)
1281:have a
1271:Climate
1239:Geology
1233:Tupua'i
1001:Tupua'i
866:in the
808:Britain
774:captain
769:Chilean
726:British
601:castles
544:kinship
505:Whaling
500:History
494:Tupua'i
431:in the
427:of the
362:Austral
246:Tupua'i
196:23°53′S
4830:Pileni
4790:Futuna
4742:Tuvalu
4717:Rotuma
4518:Rurutu
4503:Tubuai
4396:Sports
4331:Anthem
4077:
4040:
4027:
4014:
3992:
3760:
3752:
3613:
3559:
3534:
3524:
3343:
3319:. In:
3145:
3135:
3112:
3102:
3076:
3066:
3013:
3003:
2980:7 June
2820:Rurutu
2675:Rurutu
2602:) and
2584:Rurutu
2502:119.6
2499:129.3
2496:119.1
2493:104.1
2478:107.7
2475:129.1
2472:130.3
2469:128.9
2458:166.4
1948:Month
1867:177.0
1864:199.9
1855:165.0
1852:165.5
1849:141.6
1846:158.6
1843:175.6
1840:204.9
1823:141.1
1313:Month
1082:French
964:Rūrutu
880:French
864:France
840:French
695:Bounty
685:Tubuai
678:Tahiti
633:Europe
563:lagoon
559:Tubuai
473:French
459:Rūrutu
443:French
402:French
386:UTC-10
318:Rūrutu
295:France
250:Rūrutu
4845:Takuu
4825:Ouvéa
4770:Anuta
4765:Aniwa
4737:Tonga
4523:Maria
4422:Index
4371:Music
4346:Dance
3758:JSTOR
3472:(PDF)
3461:(PDF)
3407:(PDF)
3396:(PDF)
3357:7 May
2836:human
2832:drums
2568:flora
2487:95.0
2484:78.9
2481:96.6
2455:12.7
2452:11.8
2449:12.2
2446:12.7
2443:15.5
2440:15.4
2437:15.7
2434:14.5
2431:14.9
2428:15.3
2425:12.5
2422:13.2
2404:221.4
2399:170.6
2394:184.1
2389:165.1
2384:237.8
2379:258.4
2374:208.7
2369:185.0
2364:251.4
2359:275.8
2354:186.9
2349:229.4
1987:Year
1820:13.2
1817:10.2
1808:11.3
1805:11.2
1802:11.4
1799:12.4
1796:12.5
1793:13.3
1790:12.9
1787:13.2
1769:200.4
1764:133.9
1759:116.5
1754:104.8
1749:133.4
1744:136.0
1739:119.0
1734:153.3
1729:165.3
1724:176.3
1719:192.4
1714:194.4
1352:Year
858:, an
761:Chile
597:hills
593:beach
582:coast
570:goods
423:, an
4800:Mele
4785:Emae
4702:Niue
4551:Rapa
4361:Flag
3750:ISSN
3611:ISBN
3557:ISBN
3532:OCLC
3522:ISBN
3480:2021
3415:2022
3359:2013
3341:ISBN
3143:OCLC
3133:ISBN
3110:OCLC
3100:ISBN
3074:OCLC
3064:ISBN
3045:2014
3011:OCLC
3001:ISBN
2982:2019
2712:The
2683:euro
2566:The
2330:13.2
2325:12.0
2320:10.5
2300:10.2
2295:10.1
2290:13.5
2285:15.2
2280:15.6
2275:12.2
2265:18.7
2260:19.9
2255:18.5
2250:16.9
2245:15.8
2240:15.8
2235:16.2
2230:16.8
2225:18.6
2220:20.2
2215:21.7
2210:22.3
2205:21.7
2195:20.9
2190:21.9
2185:20.6
2180:19.2
2175:18.1
2170:18.1
2165:18.4
2160:19.1
2155:20.8
2150:22.4
2145:23.9
2140:24.4
2135:23.7
2125:23.0
2120:24.0
2115:22.7
2110:21.4
2105:20.4
2100:20.4
2095:20.7
2090:21.4
2085:22.9
2080:24.5
2075:26.1
2070:26.4
2065:25.7
2055:31.6
2050:30.1
2045:28.9
2040:26.4
2035:26.4
2030:25.0
2025:24.7
2020:26.3
2015:28.1
2010:30.3
2005:31.6
2000:30.9
1995:31.0
1984:Dec
1981:Nov
1978:Oct
1975:Sep
1972:Aug
1969:Jul
1966:Jun
1963:May
1960:Apr
1957:Mar
1954:Feb
1951:Jan
1925:Cfal
1905:Arab
1814:9.9
1811:9.6
1695:14.3
1690:12.0
1685:10.7
1680:10.3
1670:10.0
1665:10.0
1660:10.0
1655:14.6
1650:15.8
1645:15.5
1640:14.5
1630:20.8
1625:22.0
1620:20.8
1615:19.5
1610:18.4
1605:18.3
1600:18.6
1595:19.0
1590:20.7
1585:22.3
1580:23.4
1575:23.7
1570:23.3
1560:23.4
1555:24.5
1550:23.4
1545:22.1
1540:21.1
1535:21.0
1530:21.2
1525:21.7
1520:23.2
1515:24.9
1510:26.0
1505:26.2
1500:25.7
1490:26.0
1485:26.9
1480:25.9
1475:24.7
1470:23.9
1465:23.7
1460:23.9
1455:24.4
1450:25.8
1445:27.4
1440:28.6
1435:28.6
1430:28.0
1420:32.7
1415:32.0
1410:30.0
1405:30.0
1400:29.0
1395:30.0
1390:30.0
1385:31.0
1380:32.0
1375:32.3
1370:32.7
1365:32.0
1360:32.0
1349:Dec
1346:Nov
1343:Oct
1340:Sep
1337:Aug
1334:Jul
1331:Jun
1328:May
1325:Apr
1322:Mar
1319:Feb
1316:Jan
1076:The
874:The
830:The
759:and
757:Peru
693:HMS
664:The
659:ship
641:HMS
606:The
396:The
358:Rapa
264:Area
4475:of
3878:of
3742:doi
2551:).
2535:),
2335:8.5
2315:8.5
2310:8.9
2305:9.8
1917:Cfa
1700:9.2
1675:9.2
1126:),
862:of
846:or
834:or
765:Bay
4888::
3792:.
3781:^
3764:.
3756:.
3748:.
3738:26
3736:.
3732:.
3706:.
3702:.
3677:.
3673:.
3648:.
3644:.
3619:.
3582:^
3565:.
3530:.
3506:^
3496:.
3467:.
3463:.
3431:.
3402:.
3367:^
3349:.
3223:^
3141:.
3108:.
3086:^
3072:.
3035:.
3031:.
3009:.
2968:.
2957:^
2689:.
2687:EU
2558:.
2505:—
2490:—
1923:,
1903:,
1897:Af
1870:—
1861:—
1858:—
1837:—
1834:—
1287:Af
1235:.
1228:.
1084::
1071:),
1034:),
997:),
960:),
882::
842::
822:.
721:.
650:.
623:.
577:.
539:.
531:,
496:.
475::
457:,
453:,
445::
415::
404::
364:,
360:,
356:,
352:,
256:,
252:,
248:,
4626:e
4619:t
4612:v
4548::
4500::
4465:e
4458:t
4451:v
3982:e
3975:t
3968:v
3861:e
3854:t
3847:v
3775:.
3744::
3717:.
3688:.
3659:.
3630:.
3593:,
3576:.
3538:.
3482:.
3446:.
3417:.
3361:.
3149:.
3116:.
3080:.
3047:.
3017:.
2984:.
2547:(
2539:(
2531:(
1915:(
1895:(
1285:(
1208:(
1141:(
1095:(
1080:(
1040:(
1003:(
966:(
929:(
892:(
878:(
838:(
471:(
441:(
400:(
237:7
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
