142:
130:
31:
214:
150:
586:
600:
1497:
374:
In 2009, with the project years behind the projected schedule and only two examples built and flying ten years after the first flight, the Tu-334 came under review during the rationalisation of the
Russian aircraft companies, which led to the formation of United Aircraft Corporation. In mid-2009, the
272:
11,345 kgf (25,010 lbf; 111.26 kN) engine. The talks, which continued through at least the end of the year, were attributed to worries that the
Lotarev could not meet Tupolev's timeline or fuel burn targets, or that Tupolev was canceling the propfan version. There was also concern that
284:
Information about the propfan engine began to be revealed during the second quarter of 1990, although the details were often conflicting. In April 1990, while announcing the interim aircraft's service entry date of 1993, Tupolev's chief designer said that the ultrahigh bypass engine to be used would
370:
As late as 2008, Tupolev reported that a total of about 100 airlines had expressed an interest in placing orders for Tu-334s; on 31 July 2008, Tupolev
Managing Director Sergei Ilyushenkov announced that production was targeted to begin no later than January 2009. However, this date also passed
351:
Development remained slow due to protracted budget problems. In turn, the certification of the aircraft and its planned entry into serial production was delayed multiple times. As of
December 2006 there were firm orders for the Tupolev Tu-334 from seven airlines, including
305:. Three weeks later, Tupolev said that government officials would decide shortly between two D-27 offshoot engines from the Progress design bureau for the final Tu-334 version in 1996: a Progress D-227 propfan, or a Progress D-527 "super contrafan," an ungeared but ducted
333:. Although the Soviets declined in Hannover to name the aircraft that would use the D-236, an October 1990 article named that geared engine as the powerplant for the final Tu-334 variant, which would compete against the D-27-powered Yak-46 for Aeroflot's
293:(CIAM), a Soviet engine research institute, reported that Tupolev expected to have a propfan Tu-334 operating by the 1995-1997 period, probably using a geared propfan instead of gearless. Then a subsequent report named the Tu-334 propfan engine as the
470:. Stretched by 390 cm (150 in) over Tu-334-100, with accommodation for up to 126 passengers. Powered by two Progress D-436T2 or Rolls-Royce BR-715-55 engines, the Tu-354's landing gear was strengthened to use four-wheel bogies.
297:, a 3.8-metre diameter (12.5-foot; 3,800-millimetre; 150-inch), 11,200 kgf thrust (24,700 lbf; 110 kN) powerplant with a TSFC of 12 g/(kN⋅s) (0.44 lb/(lbf⋅h)). The D-27 would also power the newly announced
419:
Planned stretched, extended-range version. Fuselage stretched by 54 cm (21 in) and longer span (32.61 m (107 ft 0 in)) wing. Powered by two 80.4 kN (18,100 lbf) Progress D-436T2
344:. A prototype was displayed in 1995, but this was little more than a mockup with few systems installed. A functional aircraft first flew on 8 February 1999, and later that year, agreements were put in place for
249:(TSFC) of 13 g/(kN⋅s) (0.46 lb/(lbf⋅h)), resulting in a per-passenger aircraft fuel consumption rate of 13 grams per kilometre (0.74 ounces per mile). The turbofan-powered version of the Tu-334 would use
167:
399:
Basic version, with accommodation for 72 passengers in mixed-class configuration (12 first-class and 60 tourist-class) or 102 passengers in high-density layout. Two 73.6 kN (16,500 lbf)
257:
of 6.5, and it would consume 20 g/km (1.1 oz/mi) per passenger. The propfan Tu-334 would seat 104-137 passengers, compared with 86-102 passengers for the shorter, turbofan Tu-334.
363:. The Iran Aviation Industries Organization (IAIO) was in negotiations to purchase licenses to assemble the aircraft in Iran by 2011 and manufacture them completely by 2015 alongside the
237:-powered version that would begin airline service around 1991–1992. Consuming about 20 percent less fuel than the best Soviet turbofan, the propfan engine would be a then-unnamed
356:
and there were letters of intent from 24 airlines to obtain another 297 airplanes. The price per unit for the business version is estimated to be around $ 43–44 million.
273:
Tupolev could not meet Soviet state carrier
Aeroflot's urgent capacity needs quick enough. In this scenario, the Soviet aircraft production ministry could allow the
201:
and engines mounted on the sides of the rear fuselage instead of under the wings. With the nationalisation of the
Russian aircraft companies in 2009 to form
2194:
2043:
1719:
1034:
2335:
2350:
1528:
348:
to undertake part of the production of the airliner. A Russian type certificate was obtained – after some delay – on 30 December 2003.
1172:
1477:
918:"Yakovlev strikes back: Propfan and other high-technology derivatives of the Yak-42 airliner (NATO codename Clobber) are planned"
700:
2360:
1380:
1284:
1239:
1201:
1182:
1413:
260:
Tupolev confirmed the use of the D-436 for the turbofan version shortly afterward. However, they initiated discussions with
290:
1065:
301:
propfan airliner, which was similar to the Yak-42M competitor but used two propfans instead of three turbofans in the aft
1452:
864:
281:
airliner derivative) because of its quicker availability, despite the ministry's assumed preference for the Tu-334.
268:
to discuss using a 7,500-kilogram-force static thrust (17,000-pound-force; 74-kilonewton) derated version of IAE's
246:
1379:(Report). JPRS Report. Vol. JPRS-NEA-91-019. Bombay, India (published 19 March 1991). p. 48 – via
1501:
1521:
340:
Work commenced on the Tu-334 in the early 1990s, but proceeded slowly due to funding problems arising from the
1423:
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974:
943:
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fuselage and a scaled-down version of that aircraft's wing. Unlike the Tu-204, however, the Tu-334 has a
74:
2345:
261:
141:
129:
30:
1276:
2330:
1514:
1372:
2355:
1401:
1313:
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1038:
367:. Nothing concrete became of these negotiations before the cancellation of the Tu-334 programme.
1446:
858:
1092:
274:
69:
1739:
1734:
375:
decision was taken to not continue with the Tu-334 programme and instead focus efforts on the
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49:
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premiered a running propfan engine before
Western audiences for the first time, flying an
8:
1963:
1958:
1447:"Tupolev bureau develops ultrahigh bypass, turbofan engine concepts for Tu-334 transport"
1213:
655:
567:
820 km/h (510 mph, 440 kn) at 10,600–11,100 m (34,800–36,400 ft)
376:
326:
1938:
1933:
1923:
1487:
645:
453:
1416:
from the original on 9 November 2019 – via
Defence Technical Information Center.
2340:
1457:
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1359:
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1178:
1149:
1016:
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956:
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330:
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be a
Lotarev (now renamed to the Progress design bureau) propfan resembling the
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1238:(Report). Daily Report: Supplement. Vol. FBIS-SOV-95-145-S. Translated by
1069:
618:
545:
410:
400:
380:
322:
314:
265:
250:
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186:
121:
1287:(FBIS). Paris, France (published 12 May 1993). 18 March 1993. pp. 39–40.
213:
149:
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2003:
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873:
843:
807:
775:
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591:
426:
Planned derivative of Tu-334-100, powered by two 88.9 kN (20,000 lb
294:
859:"Tu-334 aircraft production under way; service entry date targeted for 1993"
2309:
2264:
2254:
2234:
2169:
2159:
1918:
1898:
1893:
1825:
1800:
1775:
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1760:
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868:. Vol. 132, no. 16. Moscow, USSR. 16 April 1990. pp. 71–72.
650:
310:
254:
154:
134:
52:
2304:
2204:
2164:
635:
630:
384:
1281:
Science & Technology: Europe/International: Economic competitiveness
2299:
2274:
640:
179:
1456:. Vol. 130, no. 23. Moscow, USSR. 5 June 1989. p. 96.
457:
440:
Based on the Tu-334-100D, but with two Rolls-Royce BR-715-55 engines.
253:
engines with a TSFC of 18 g/(kN⋅s) (0.62 lb/(lbf⋅h)) and a
1506:
549:
302:
234:
230:
193:
in service around the world. The airframe was based on a shortened
182:
502:
102 passengers (tourist-class, 81 cm (32 in) seat pitch)
1537:
1482:
226:
1283:(Report). JPRS Report. Vol. JPRS-EST-93-017. Translated by
1211:
Duffy, Paul (May 1999). "Tu-334 makes first flight". In Detail.
1015:. Vol. 138, no. 4237. 10–16 October 1990. p. 28.
1496:
1432:. Vol. 137, no. 4215. 9–15 May 1990. pp. 26–27.
1177:. Hinckley, England, UK: Midland Publishing. pp. 284–290.
835:
736:
364:
334:
278:
238:
198:
190:
62:
1412:(Report). Joint Publications Research Service. 19 March 1991.
1358:. Vol. 141, no. 4314. 15–21 April 1992. p. 10.
289:
UDF, and not the propfan it had been working on. However, the
269:
1333:. Vol. 141, no. 4323. 17–23 June 1992. p. 6.
1174:
OKB Tupolev: A history of the design bureau and its aircraft
986:. Vol. 137, no. 4217. 23–29 May 1990. p. 9.
371:
without any reported progress on Tu-334 serial production.
360:
955:. Vol. 137, no. 4218. 5 June 1990. p. 15.
770:. Vol. 136, no. 4171. 1 July 1989. p. 18.
345:
309:
powerplant with a bypass ratio of 18. Days earlier, the
924:. Vol. 137, no. 4215. pp. 61–62, 65–66.
581:
625:
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
229:-powered airliner to potentially enter service for
225:introduced the Tu-334 in early 1989 as an eventual
205:it was decided not to continue with the programme.
1445:
909:
857:
1242:(FBIS) (published 28 July 1995). pp. 42–48.
466:Further stretched version, originally designated
2322:
1148:. Vol. 144, no. 4375. pp. 54–55.
1124:
1122:
1120:
897:. Vol. 137, no. 4213. pp. 34–35.
751:
359:One of the projected customers for the type was
185:project that was developed to replace the aging
1131:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1102:
474:
1522:
1373:Developments in aircraft, tie-up with Soviets
1170:
1117:
936:
915:
886:
820:
788:
721:
715:
573:3,150 km (1,960 mi, 1,700 nmi)
552:, 73.6 kN (16,500 lbf) thrust each
1277:Aerospatiale, Russia sign cooperation treaty
1234:. Russia national affairs: Economic issues.
802:. Vol. 136, no. 4196. p. 16.
694:
692:
1099:
998:
701:"Russia's United Aircraft reaches maturity"
233:in 1995. However, it would have an interim
1529:
1515:
1196:. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Information Group.
814:
413:(passenger/freight) version of Tu-334-100.
1194:Jane's all the world's aircraft 2003–2004
1171:Gordon, Yefim; Rigmant, Vladimir (2005).
850:
689:
482:Jane's All The World's Aircraft 2003–2004
1217:. Vol. 36, no. 5. p. 24.
967:
821:Postlethwaite, Alan (9 September 1989).
212:
148:
140:
128:
1229:
1191:
1063:
880:
782:
2323:
1410:JPRS Report Near East & South Asia
1370:
975:"Soviets show Il-76 mounted 'propfan'"
789:Postlethwaite, Alan (2 January 1990).
1510:
1381:Foreign Broadcast Information Service
1285:Foreign Broadcast Information Service
1240:Foreign Broadcast Information Service
1210:
1137:
1090:
916:Postlethwaite, Alan (9–15 May 1990).
722:Postlethwaite, Alan (29 April 1989).
460:fuel tanks above the passenger cabin.
1536:
1453:Aviation Week & Space Technology
1424:"Aeroflot update to include Tu-334s"
1371:Laxman, Srinivas (25 January 1991).
865:Aviation Week & Space Technology
698:
526:83.23 m (895.9 sq ft)
508:31.26 m (102 ft 7 in)
291:Central Institute of Aviation Motors
277:to compete and build the Yak-42M (a
1347:"Rolls-Royce Tu-204 to fly in June"
944:"Tupolev plans for super contrafan"
514:29.77 m (97 ft 8 in)
13:
2336:1990s Soviet and Russian airliners
887:Postlethwaite, Alan (1 May 1990).
724:"Tupolev unveils propfan airliner"
520:9.38 m (30 ft 9 in)
14:
2372:
2351:Abandoned civil aircraft projects
1470:
1322:"Tupolev tempted by BR715 engine"
1066:"Roy's Russian Aircraft Resource"
1006:"TU-134 replacement decision due"
1495:
834:. Vol. 136, no. 4181.
735:. Vol. 135, no. 4162.
598:
584:
538:47,900 kg (105,601 lb)
247:thrust specific fuel consumption
145:A Tu-334 performing at MAKS 2007
29:
1232:Tu-334 passenger liner profiled
1230:Nikitin, Yevgeniy (July 1995).
1138:Duffy, Paul (23–29 June 1993).
1084:
1057:
1045:
1027:
759:"Lotarev derivative for Tu-334"
699:Daly, Kieran (11 August 2009).
532:28,950 kg (63,824 lb)
208:
1:
1450:. Soviet Aerospace Industry.
678:
2361:Aircraft first flown in 1999
1426:. Technical: Air Transport.
838:, Soviet Union. p. 27.
764:. Technical: Air Transport.
739:, Soviet Union. p. 10.
243:Lotarev engine design bureau
7:
1192:Jackson, Paul, ed. (2003).
577:
475:Specifications (Tu-334-100)
390:
342:breakup of the Soviet Union
203:United Aircraft Corporation
75:United Aircraft Corporation
10:
2377:
1377:Near East & South Asia
1128:Jackson 2003, pp. 432–433.
823:"Time against the Tu-334?"
262:International Aero Engines
245:. The engine would have a
2137:
1874:
1748:
1692:
1616:
1545:
1035:"Tupolev: News 2003/2004"
796:. Technical: Propulsion.
446:Production cargo variant.
175:
117:
109:
101:
96:
88:
80:
68:
58:
45:
40:
28:
23:
1478:"Tu-334 aircraft family"
1011:. Moscow Aerospace '90.
980:. Hannover Show Report.
862:. Soviet Air Transport.
35:At the 2007 MAKS Airshow
1293:2027/nyp.33433016823811
828:. Tushino Show Review.
487:General characteristics
791:"IAE in Tupolev talks"
456:-fueled version, with
275:Yakovlev Design Bureau
218:
158:
146:
138:
2275:ANT-40/SB/PS-40/PS-41
1504:at Wikimedia Commons
1375:. South Asia: India.
1114:Jackson 2003, p. 432.
1041:on 27 September 2011.
668:List of jet airliners
354:Atlant-Soyuz Airlines
287:General Electric GE36
223:Tupolev Design Bureau
216:
180:short-to-medium range
153:A Tu-334 at the 2007
152:
144:
133:A Tu-334 at the 2007
132:
1429:Flight International
1355:Flight International
1330:Flight International
1248:2027/nnc1.cu00734080
1145:Flight International
1052:Flight International
1013:Flight International
983:Flight International
952:Flight International
922:Flight International
894:Flight International
831:Flight International
799:Flight International
767:Flight International
732:Flight International
432:Rolls-Royce BR715-55
241:powerplant from the
2175:ANT-7/R-6/KR-6/MR-6
1490:on 8 February 2007.
1214:Air Transport World
1072:on 21 November 2009
949:. News: Technical.
656:Sukhoi Superjet 100
613:Related development
536:Max takeoff weight:
377:Sukhoi Superjet 100
337:replacement order.
321:with one installed
41:General information
16:Airliner by Tupolev
2245:ANT-27/MDR-4/MTB-1
1396:Unknown parameter
1308:Unknown parameter
1263:Unknown parameter
1140:"Russian survivor"
1054:, 3–9 October 2006
889:"Marketing motors"
646:Bombardier CRJ1000
454:liquid natural gas
264:(IAE) at the 1989
219:
159:
147:
139:
2346:Low-wing aircraft
2318:
2317:
1500:Media related to
1352:. Air Transport.
1203:978-0-7106-2537-3
1184:978-1-85780-214-6
673:List of airliners
331:Hannover, Germany
127:
126:
2368:
2331:Tupolev aircraft
2305:ANT-51/BB-1/Su-2
2285:ANT-42/TB-7/Pe-8
1531:
1524:
1517:
1508:
1507:
1499:
1491:
1486:. Archived from
1465:
1449:
1441:
1417:
1405:
1399:
1394:
1392:
1384:
1367:
1351:
1342:
1326:
1317:
1311:
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1304:
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1272:
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1207:
1188:
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1135:
1129:
1126:
1115:
1112:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1068:. Archived from
1061:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1037:. Archived from
1031:
1025:
1024:
1010:
1002:
996:
995:
979:
971:
965:
964:
948:
940:
934:
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906:
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861:
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696:
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560:
489:
319:testbed aircraft
178:) was a Russian
177:
170:
33:
21:
20:
2376:
2375:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2356:T-tail aircraft
2321:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2280:ANT-41/T-1/LK-1
2133:
1876:
1870:
1744:
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1612:
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1535:
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1468:
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1309:
1307:
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1236:Central Eurasia
1204:
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1132:
1127:
1118:
1113:
1100:
1089:
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1073:
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1008:
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1003:
999:
977:
973:
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968:
946:
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937:
914:
910:
885:
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856:
855:
851:
825:
819:
815:
793:
787:
783:
761:
757:
756:
752:
726:
720:
716:
706:
704:
697:
690:
681:
606:Aviation portal
604:
599:
597:
590:
585:
583:
580:
556:
485:
477:
429:
393:
307:contra-rotating
299:Yakovlev Yak-46
211:
166:
113:8 February 1999
59:National origin
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2374:
2364:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2310:ANT-58/FB/Tu-2
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
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2277:
2272:
2267:
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2157:
2152:
2147:
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2134:
2132:
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2126:
2121:
2119:Frigate Ecojet
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2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
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1981:
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1961:
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2250:ANT-29/DIP-1
2138:Early period
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1884:ANT-17/TSh-1
1749:Experimental
1664:Tu-28/Tu-128
1659:Tu-22M/Tu-26
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327:ILA Air Show
311:Soviet Union
295:Lotarev D-27
283:
259:
255:bypass ratio
220:
162:
160:
155:MAKS Airshow
135:MAKS Airshow
110:First flight
102:Manufactured
89:Number built
70:Manufacturer
53:jet airliner
18:
2300:ANT-46/DI-8
2270:ANT-37/DB-2
2265:ANT-36/DB-1
2255:ANT-31/I-14
2235:ANT-23/I-12
2230:ANT-22/MK-1
2225:ANT-21/MI-3
2215:ANT-16/TB-4
2195:ANT-11/MTBT
2180:ANT-8/MDR-2
1904:ANT-30/SK-1
1894:ANT-26/TB-6
1649:Tu-20/Tu-95
1389:cite report
1301:cite report
1256:cite report
1091:John Pike.
1076:28 December
636:Airbus A318
631:Comac ARJ21
558:Performance
542:Powerplant:
437:Tu-334-120D
416:Tu-334-100D
406:Tu-334-100C
385:Irkut MC-21
209:Development
50:Narrow-body
2325:Categories
2205:ANT-13/I-8
2200:ANT-12/I-5
2190:ANT-10/R-7
2185:ANT-9/PS-9
2170:ANT-6/TB-3
2160:ANT-4/TB-1
1919:Tu-72 (II)
1720:Tu-131 SAM
679:References
641:Boeing 717
524:Wing area:
468:Tu-334-200
423:Tu-334-120
396:Tu-334-100
383:, and the
2240:ANT-25/RD
2165:ANT-5/I-4
2155:ANT-3/R-3
1914:Tu-72 (I)
1877:cancelled
1875:Proposed,
1462:0005-2175
1438:0015-3710
1400:ignored (
1364:0015-3710
1339:0015-3710
1312:ignored (
1267:ignored (
1223:0002-2543
1154:0015-3710
1021:0015-3710
992:0015-3710
961:0015-3710
930:0015-3710
903:0015-3710
874:0005-2175
844:0015-3710
808:0015-3710
776:0015-3710
745:0015-3710
707:9 January
684:Citations
512:Wingspan:
500:Capacity:
496:two–three
480:Data from
458:cryogenic
452:Proposed
409:Proposed
168:‹See Tfd›
105:1999–2009
84:Cancelled
2341:Twinjets
1831:Tu-95LAL
1693:Unmanned
1617:Military
1546:Civilian
1540:aircraft
1414:Archived
1093:"Tu-334"
578:See also
550:turbofan
434:engines.
420:engines.
391:Variants
303:fuselage
235:turbofan
231:Aeroflot
183:airliner
157:, Moscow
137:, Moscow
2114:Tu-2000
1700:Tu-121C
1538:Tupolev
1483:Tupolev
1383:(FBIS).
518:Height:
506:Length:
443:Tu-334C
227:propfan
191:Yak-42s
187:Tu-134s
172:Russian
97:History
2290:ANT-43
2210:ANT-14
2124:PAK DA
2109:Tu-444
2104:Tu-336
2099:Tu-414
2094:Tu-404
2089:Tu-360
2084:Tu-344
2079:Tu-338
2074:Tu-334
2069:Tu-330
2064:Tu-324
2059:Tu-304
2054:Tu-300
2049:Tu-244
2044:Tu-230
2039:Tu-216
2034:Tu-206
2029:Tu-194
2024:Tu-174
2019:Tu-161
2014:Tu-156
2009:Tu-148
2004:Tu-138
1999:Tu-135
1994:Tu-127
1989:Tu-125
1984:Tu-119
1979:Tu-118
1974:Tu-117
1969:Tu-115
1909:ANT-53
1899:ANT-28
1889:ANT-18
1866:Tu-206
1861:Tu-155
1856:Tu-110
1851:Tu-107
1846:Tu-105
1740:Tu-300
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1725:Tu-141
1715:Tu-130
1710:Tu-139
1705:Tu-123
1684:Tu-160
1679:Tu-142
1674:Tu-126
1608:Tu-354
1603:Tu-334
1598:Tu-214
1593:Tu-204
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836:Moscow
806:
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737:Moscow
571:Range:
463:Tu-354
449:Tu-336
379:, the
365:Tu-214
335:Tu-134
279:Yak-42
239:geared
199:T-tail
195:Tu-204
81:Status
63:Russia
24:Tu-334
2150:ANT-2
2145:ANT-1
2129:Voron
1964:'102'
1959:'101'
1841:Tu-98
1836:Tu-96
1826:Tu-94
1821:Tu-91
1816:Tu-85
1811:Tu-82
1806:Tu-80
1801:Tu-79
1796:Tu-77
1791:Tu-75
1786:Tu-72
1781:Tu-70
1776:Tu-18
1771:Tu-12
1669:Tu-81
1654:Tu-22
1644:Tu-16
1639:Tu-14
1634:Tu-10
1350:(PDF)
1325:(PDF)
1009:(PDF)
978:(PDF)
947:(PDF)
826:(PDF)
794:(PDF)
762:(PDF)
727:(PDF)
494:Crew:
411:combi
270:V2500
1954:'93'
1949:'90'
1944:'86'
1939:'79'
1934:'78'
1929:'74'
1924:'73'
1766:Tu-8
1761:Tu-6
1756:Tu-1
1629:Tu-4
1624:Tu-2
1458:ISSN
1434:ISSN
1402:help
1360:ISSN
1335:ISSN
1314:help
1269:help
1219:ISSN
1198:ISBN
1179:ISBN
1150:ISSN
1078:2006
1017:ISSN
988:ISSN
957:ISSN
926:ISSN
899:ISSN
870:ISSN
840:ISSN
804:ISSN
772:ISSN
741:ISSN
709:2016
544:2 ×
361:Iran
221:The
189:and
161:The
46:Type
1289:hdl
1244:hdl
548:T1
346:MiG
329:in
317:LL
2327::
1480:.
1393::
1391:}}
1387:{{
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1299:{{
1279:.
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1254:{{
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691:^
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174::
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165:(
92:2
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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