451:
282:
the interaction of activists, in shared physical and/or emotional spaces." Further, as well as being linked together, the centres provide concrete physical spaces for activists to meet and organise events and campaigns. Geographers Paul
Chatterton and Stuart Hodkinson view social centres as part of the "broader 'autonomous movement,'" playing an "important role in the re-thinking and re-making 'citizenship' by bringing people together in spaces whose very reason for existence is to question and confront the rampant individualism of everyday life."
33:
4872:
4389:
1379:
128:
4468:
298:
281:
The centres are connected in multiple ways. Sociologist Anita Lacey writes that "Actions, plans, ideas, and contacts are circulated via zines, at infoshops and stalls, and in social centres. Networks of activism develop and do not spontaneously emerge on the day of any given action; they emerge from
407:
in order to provide free community services. It was estimated in 2015 that the group had supplied advice to the value of £15 million. A spokesperson said in 2008 "the guiding principles are that we’ve never shirked the fact that we’re a socialist organisation, our principles are founded out of the
363:
in 1995, initially as housing for homeless people before it became a social centre. A housing co-operative was formed to run the building and the mortgage was paid off in 2005. In 2008, a community co-operative took over the building and the name was changed. The centre contains a radical library,
501:
and existed as a social centre for 18 years in
Brixton, before being evicted in 1999. There was a bookshop, café, gig and rehearsal space, printing facility, office and meeting space. It also provided space for groups such as the radical women's magazine Bad Attitude, AnarQuist (the anarcho-queer
265:
modes of behaviour. However, there is no single type of social centre. The aims and policies of individual projects are determined by those running them and shaped by local contexts. This means that whilst every place is unique, functions will include some of the following: bar, bicycle repair
1407:
in
Nottingham hosted a relaunch of the UK Social Centre Network in November 2014. The network met again in April 2015 at the Next to Nowhere social centre in Liverpool and became known as the "Social Centre Network of UK and Ireland." Another gathering of the Social Centre Network was held in
588:
There are also groups which choose to do short-term squatted events lasting a fixed time so as to mitigate the difficulties of long term occupation. Such groups may exist for years and do a series of events, for example: A-Spire (Leeds), Temporary
Autonomous Arts (London, Sheffield, Brighton,
59:
principles and volunteer-run, without any assistance from the state. The largest number have occurred in London from the 1980s onwards, although projects exist in most cities across the UK, linked in a network. Squatted social centres tend to be quickly evicted and therefore some projects
242:
408:
struggle of workers. So that will never change. It’s to help people in poverty, promote education for workers and for people in need." Liverpool also has the News from
Nowhere, a radical and community bookshop, with the Next to Nowhere social centre in a basement underneath it.
391:
was set up in 2000. In 2000, ACE provided meeting space for these groups: Autonomous Women of
Edinburgh, Angry Youth, Edinburgh Animal Rights, Youth Solidarity Group, the Mutiny Collective and Prisoners’ Support, May Day Edinburgh, activists opposing the
232:
tactic, or not. One view asserted that buying a social centre meant activists got bogged down by mundane activities such as business plans and mortgage applications. The counter-view stated the advantages to owning a place were longevity and stability.
560:. A spokesperson said “We need a friendly landlord and about 2,000 ground-floor square feet, near to accessible transport, which is a tall order given the crazy cost of renting in London.” Currently in 2019, alongside the 56A Infoshop and the
3263:
371:
in 2011. The building had stood empty since 2006, when it had its licence revoked and was shut down by the council. The social centre existed until 2015. In 2019, a community arts space called
Gentileza was founded on Duke Street.
228:). In 27 articles, different social centres presented their projects and reflected upon their successes and failures. Slightly earlier in the 2000s, there was also a debate about whether rented and owned spaces are a useful
2460:
589:
Bristol, Manchester, Edinburgh, Cardiff), Anarchist Teapot (Brighton) or the OKasional Café (Manchester). The
Okasional café did a number of events in the late 1990s and early 2000s, reforming for two weeks in 2010.
317:
social centre between 1986 and 2003, and again between 2011 and 2018. The centre began with a café, a screen printing room and rehearsal spaces for bands. In the 2010s, it hosted gigs and still had a vegan café.
2053:
422:
in 2006 and since 2018 is based on
Warwick Street. It is run by volunteers and screens a variety of films. It aims to support self-organised activities and there is a vegetarian café every Sunday. The
3182:
3255:
3390:
107:. Each individual social centre's activities are determined by its participants. Activities will often include some of the following: bar, bicycle repair workshop, café, cinema, concert venue,
3351:
182:
movement of Italy, and the occupied factories of
Argentina. In addition to being inspired by European squatter movements, social centres follow in the tradition of anarchist clubs such as the
3462:
2442:
3152:
1836:
3228:
2690:
4811:
553:
2337:
4424:
2132:
285:
Some social centres are co-operatively owned, such as the 1 in 12 Club, Sumac Centre in Nottingham and the Cowley Club in Brighton. The latter two are members of
2556:
1952:
506:. The Rainbow Centre was a squatted church in Kentish Town and there was also the Hackney Squatters Centre. The still extant infoshop at 56A Crampton Street in
3719:
3691:
2525:
2035:
2722:
1391:
The London social centres network existed in the 2000s with a discussion list and newsletter. This then continued until 2011 with the Autonomous London blog.
3174:
2949:
2494:
2360:
3382:
3539:
2629:
2311:
2172:
1877:
3359:
3321:
3113:
711:
3454:
2607:
1919:
4896:
3433:
2919:
4906:
4188:
517:
There are also many examples of squatted projects which did not last very long, since the owner quickly regained possession, for example the
201:
A wave of social centres were opened in the 1990s, centred around a period of social movement activity which involved protesting against the
4417:
2272:
3285:
Bettocchi, Milo (2022). "Affect, infrastructure and activism: The House of Brag's London Queer Social Centre in Brixton, South London".
4801:
404:
3144:
2225:
2012:
1832:
4911:
4875:
3204:
415:
as a social space and concert venue in 2017. Partisan follows in the tradition of the Basement (2005–2008) and Subrosa (2013–15).
17:
4410:
1579:
Katzeff, Ask; van Hoogenhuijze, Leendert; van der Steen, Bart, eds. (2014). "Ebb and Flow - Autonomy and Squatting in Brighton".
2744:
2419:
1461:
1408:
September 2018 at GAS in Glasgow. The network is now known as the Social Centre Network of Wales, Ireland, Scotland, England.
4537:
3232:
2832:
2808:
2250:
1913:
2102:
3784:
3256:"The Hive shares its 'secret': Founders of radical Hackney cultural experiment want to change planning law – and the world"
2769:
2333:
1427:
1035:
434:. Formed out of a previous project called the Rainbow Centre, the Sumac provides a meeting space for groups and a base for
179:
96:
3518:
3668:
2659:
2587:
1432:
341:
was founded in 2002 and has a bar, bookshop, café, infoshop, library, meeting space and music venue. Above it there is a
1554:
4827:
3025:
2980:
2548:
2399:
2124:
1588:
3087:
1944:
3609:
3595:
3581:
3427:
3005:
2889:
2454:
2166:
2047:
1871:
1779:
1716:
1548:
1491:
2517:
1735:
Hodkinson, S.; Chatterton, P. (2006). "Autonomy in the city? Reflections on the social centres movement in the UK".
2714:
142:
can trace their direct roots back to networking between the autonomy centres of the 1980s and early 1990s such as
4649:
2941:
2486:
2368:
4482:
4433:
4034:
1813:
1417:
668:
462:
was an early social centre experiment. It was located in a warehouse which was rented between 1981 and 1983 by
384:
3484:
2633:
605:
This sortable list of notable current social centres in the United Kingdom was last updated in November 2023.
4901:
4791:
4059:
3547:
1482:
Chatterton, Paul; Hodkinson, Stuart (2007). "Why we need autonomous spaces in the fight against capitalism".
941:
This sortable list of notable former social centres in the United Kingdom was last updated in November 2023.
827:
561:
175:
2660:"A Nomadic War Machine in the Metropolis: En/Countering London's 21st Century Housing Crisis with Focus E15"
289:. An advantage of ownership is that those projects have a longer lifetime than squatted or rented projects.
4198:
2303:
2154:
1859:
548:
Since both buying a property and squatting a place have become more difficult in the 2010s, as a result of
267:
108:
3329:
1672:
Lacey, Anita (2005). "Networked Communities: Social Centers and Activist Spaces in Contemporary Britain".
254:
214:
3121:
4806:
4355:
4284:
3995:
3794:
1202:
135:
2909:
2603:
1357:
155:
4279:
4208:
4183:
379:
from September 2005 to September 2006 and since 2016, there is the Glasgow Autonomous Space. Also in
210:
209:
and the government's road building plans. Likewise, places established in the 2000s were inspired by
3413:
4629:
4345:
4259:
4100:
3729:
1050:
518:
48:
4842:
4634:
4135:
3661:
1342:
459:
450:
151:
4619:
4274:
2443:"Local Tradition, Local Trajectories and Us: 56a Infoshop, Black Frog and more in South London"
2276:
2125:"Save The Casa: Ex-ECHO writer Brian Reade on why Liverpool must support the Hope Street venue"
538:
2715:"Keeping the spirit of solidarity alive 20 years after Robbie Fowler backed Liverpool dockers"
4796:
4664:
4654:
4517:
4375:
3947:
3752:
3724:
503:
435:
202:
171:
100:
2801:
The City Is Ours: Squatting and Autonomous Movements in Europe from the 1970s to the Present
1581:
The City Is Ours: Squatting and Autonomous Movements in Europe from the 1970s to the Present
4837:
4699:
4689:
4568:
4213:
4125:
4110:
4039:
2749:
1301:
1106:
683:
557:
507:
490:
478:
439:
356:
350:
342:
1974:
541:
occupied four buildings in central London in 2011, including a Fitzrovia mansion owned by
8:
4847:
4218:
2334:"See inside the new Star and Shadow cinema as it prepares for grand reopening this month"
2217:
2004:
530:
419:
224:
which was produced as part of the academic project Autonomous Geographies (funded by the
3621:
4916:
4832:
4786:
4765:
4527:
4512:
4392:
4203:
4140:
4120:
3942:
3654:
3602:
I Couldn't Paint Golden Angels: Sixty Years of Commonplace Life and Anarchist Agitation
3415:
I Couldn't Paint Golden Angels: Sixty Years of Commonplace Life and Anarchist Agitation
3302:
3069:
2682:
1752:
1689:
1273:
393:
310:
258:
56:
4573:
4492:
4325:
4269:
3985:
3879:
3789:
3605:
3591:
3577:
3423:
3306:
3073:
3001:
2976:
2885:
2862:
2804:
2754:
2686:
2583:
2450:
2395:
2162:
2043:
1909:
1867:
1809:
1775:
1756:
1712:
1693:
1645:
1613:
1584:
1544:
1487:
594:
187:
4770:
4604:
4542:
4452:
4335:
3927:
3849:
3804:
3461:. The Senator George J. Mitchell Institute for Global Peace, Security and Justice.
3294:
3061:
2674:
2415:
1744:
1681:
1453:
757:
510:
began in 1991, inspired by both European infoshops and local squatting movement in
183:
104:
52:
2824:
2678:
2246:
481:
played there. Examples of long-term squatted and now evicted projects include the
333:. Over several floors it has a bar, café, library, recording studio and venue. In
4402:
4264:
4233:
3975:
3907:
3897:
3636:
3298:
2094:
1903:
466:
360:
229:
191:
2777:
4745:
4694:
4669:
4639:
4487:
4130:
4105:
4095:
3829:
3641:
3514:
3175:"Today in London's squatting history: Ex-Grand Banks social centre opens, 2004"
1518:
Pusey, Andre (2010). "Social Centres and the New Cooperativism of the Common".
1078:
597:
in east London for several weeks in 2014 and used one flat as a social centre.
549:
529:. In the 2000s, there was a series of projects squatted by people connected to
286:
147:
139:
32:
4049:
3631:
3065:
2973:
Summer of love: psychedelic art, social crisis and counterculture in the 1960s
2942:"Occupy London: evicted protesters criticise bailiffs' 'heavy-handed' tactics"
2447:
What's This place? Stories from radical social centres in the UK & Ireland
2159:
What's This place? Stories from radical social centres in the UK & Ireland
2040:
What's This place? Stories from radical social centres in the UK & Ireland
1864:
What's This place? Stories from radical social centres in the UK & Ireland
1748:
1540:
What's This place? Stories from radical social centres in the UK & Ireland
388:
4890:
4679:
4659:
4624:
4522:
4502:
4365:
4228:
4090:
4054:
3980:
3937:
3932:
3912:
3814:
3145:"Out of place – why community venues like DIY Space For London need our help"
2866:
1685:
1649:
1617:
1538:
1007:
742:
569:
565:
552:
and the criminalisation of squatting in residential buildings under the 2012
526:
522:
427:
359:(Base for Anarchy & Solidarity in Easton), formerly Kebele, was squatted
3021:
4750:
4735:
4725:
4704:
4674:
4532:
4304:
4254:
4238:
4145:
4064:
4029:
4024:
3965:
3744:
2914:
1404:
1400:
1217:
894:
640:
625:
577:
498:
423:
346:
330:
159:
85:
69:
2036:"Chalkboard – the successes and failures of a Maryhill community tendency"
220:
The fledgling social centre network was profiled in 2008, in the pamphlet
4755:
4730:
4644:
4614:
4599:
4085:
4044:
3824:
3767:
3696:
3626:
1422:
979:
726:
573:
542:
482:
367:
The Red and Black Umbrella collective occupied the Tredegar Hotel pub in
338:
314:
195:
77:
4457:
2853:
Pusey, Andre. "Social Centres and the New Cooperativism of the Common".
2549:"Eagulls, Hookworms, Joanna Gruesome: how UK music scenes are going DIY"
119:, language classes, meeting space, migrant support and radical library.
4852:
4720:
4609:
4583:
4330:
4309:
4178:
4080:
3869:
1707:
Cavallo, Matilda (2007). "How to set up a self-managed social centre".
1378:
964:
494:
431:
412:
399:
The still extant Initiative Factory (also known as CASA) was set up in
322:
262:
143:
89:
65:
3757:
278:, language classes, meeting space, migrant support, radical library.
4760:
4578:
4507:
4497:
4360:
4340:
4223:
3922:
3902:
3854:
3819:
3734:
2998:
Protest, Property and the Commons: Performances of Law and Resistance
1134:
785:
590:
537:, such as the Radical Dairy, Grand Banks and Institute for Autonomy.
511:
463:
411:
The Partisan collective acquired a building on Cheetham Hill Road in
400:
271:
250:
112:
3455:"The Future Was (AND IS) Punk – The Warzone Dialectogram Exhibition"
1578:
4740:
3960:
3874:
3677:
3492:
3419:
380:
334:
326:
275:
206:
163:
127:
116:
81:
73:
44:
345:. There have also been many squatted projects in Brighton such as
4684:
4552:
4547:
4447:
4350:
4193:
4115:
3955:
3917:
3739:
1245:
534:
486:
376:
368:
306:
257:, which means they are self-organised and self-funding. They are
167:
3777:
3352:"Social centre squatters finally evicted after five year battle"
2604:"OK Cafe Manchester | Manchester's OKasional social centre"
2580:
Out of Order: A Photographic Celebration of the Free Party Scene
3799:
474:
60:
deliberately choose a short-term existence, such as A-Spire in
502:
group), Brixton Squatters' Aid and the prisoner support group
418:
The Star and Shadow community cinema began in Stepney Bank in
241:
3990:
3839:
3834:
2939:
1806:
Not For Rent: Conversations with Creative Activists in the UK
470:
61:
3646:
3052:
Chatterton, P; Hodkinson, S (2006). "Autonomy in the city".
2855:
Affinities: A Journal of Radical Theory, Culture, and Action
1520:
Affinities: A Journal of Radical Theory, Culture, and Action
4370:
3859:
3772:
1734:
297:
225:
4812:
Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012
1945:"Squatters set up 'cultural hub' in abandoned Cardiff pub"
556:, some projects have decided to rent a space, for example
3588:
Rebel Alliances: The Means and Ends of British Anarchisms
3229:"New vegan centre in Sheffield is the first of its kind"
2798:
1403:
in January 2007. After several years of inactivity, the
249:
What links these social centre projects together is the
27:
Self-organised anti-capitalist communal spaces in the UK
3088:"The Common House is closing – but this is not the end"
2707:
3383:"The middle class serial squatters exploiting the law"
2518:"Really Free School Squat Guy Ritchie's Fitzrovia Pad"
3205:"Companies House Gentileza Application to Strike Off"
564:, active London projects include the Common Place in
554:
Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act
325:
there was the squatted Aardvark Centre in the 1990s.
47:, rented, mortgaged and fully owned buildings. These
3720:
Centre International de Recherches sur l'Anarchisme
3692:
Centre International de Recherches sur l'Anarchisme
3051:
1481:
36:
Map of social centres in the UK and Ireland in 2006
4432:
2971:Harris, Jonathan; Grunenberg, Christopher (2005).
2632:. Manchester Mule. 3 December 2010. Archived from
2298:
2296:
2294:
2275:. Manchester Mule. 19 January 2008. Archived from
4858:Self-managed social centres in the United Kingdom
2940:Lizzy Davies and Peter Walker (30 January 2012).
1709:Do It Yourself: A handbook for changing our world
1484:Do It Yourself: A handbook for changing our world
41:Self-managed social centres in the United Kingdom
4888:
3477:
2995:
2970:
1394:
1386:
3381:Jamieson, Alastair; Leach, Ben (6 March 2011).
2361:"10 of the UK's best tiny theatres and cinemas"
2291:
1399:There was a gathering of social centres at the
2304:"Manchester has a radical social centre again"
1536:
4418:
4189:Bound Together Anarchist Collective Bookstore
3662:
3380:
3114:"DIY Space For London finds venue – The Wire"
1939:
1937:
1772:Belfast punk : Warzone Centre, 1997–2003
1454:"Autonomy Centres, Riots & The Big Rammy"
3447:
2933:
2907:
3637:Organise! Magazine map of UK social centres
3532:
3253:
3247:
2879:
2799:Katzeff; Steen; Hoogenhuijze, eds. (2014).
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
600:
545:. They put on free workshops and lectures.
454:The Camberwell centre, London, evicted 2007
4802:Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994
4425:
4411:
3669:
3655:
3080:
2630:"Okasional Cafe opens in Northern Quarter"
2440:
2152:
1934:
1905:Utopian Politics: Citizenship and Practice
1827:
1825:
936:
3284:
3221:
3142:
2480:
2478:
1803:
1635:
1603:
375:The George's X Chalkboard project ran in
68:. Longer term social centres include the
2817:
2767:
2577:
2540:
2068:
2002:
1897:
1895:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1604:Anonymous (2003). "Social Dis-Centres".
1377:
449:
301:The Initiative Factory (CASA), Liverpool
296:
240:
126:
31:
3411:
3405:
3254:Bartholomew, Emma (20 September 2017).
3047:
3045:
3043:
2653:
2651:
2546:
2515:
2509:
2212:
2210:
1998:
1996:
1822:
1774:(First ed.). Damiani. p. 85.
1730:
1728:
1706:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1503:
438:catering, which is run as a non-profit
14:
4889:
3436:from the original on September 8, 2015
3313:
3014:
2964:
2761:
2475:
2389:
2383:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2190:
1967:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1451:
55:in that they are self-organised under
4897:Advocacy groups in the United Kingdom
4406:
3650:
3632:Defunct social centre network website
3627:Current social centre network website
3374:
3319:
3185:from the original on 24 November 2019
3167:
2996:Finchett-Maddock, Lucy (2017-10-12).
2922:from the original on 3 September 2008
2903:
2901:
2737:
2725:from the original on 21 December 2018
2358:
2352:
2033:
1922:from the original on 16 February 2021
1901:
1892:
1833:"Court evicts Brighton Taj squatters"
1671:
1624:
1574:
1572:
1517:
583:
364:art room, apothecary and bike space.
4907:Social centres in the United Kingdom
3622:Current social centre network e-list
3278:
3106:
3040:
2952:from the original on 31 January 2012
2884:. Tucson, Arizona: See Sharp Press.
2657:
2648:
2408:
1993:
1769:
1763:
1725:
1656:
1500:
1428:Self-managed social centres in Italy
426:building was bought in June 2001 in
3136:
3028:from the original on 17 August 2017
2880:McHenry, Keith; Bufe, Chaz (2015).
2547:Mumford, Gwilym (6 December 2014).
2187:
1857:
1788:
1433:List of self-managed social centres
349:and the Sabotaj squat, which was a
24:
4828:Homelessness in the United Kingdom
3566:
3540:"Social centres network gathering"
3393:from the original on 22 April 2019
2898:
2873:
2770:"Your Feminist Library Needs You!"
2610:from the original on 24 March 2019
2528:from the original on 22 April 2019
2484:
2463:from the original on 24 March 2019
2422:from the original on 25 April 2015
2340:from the original on 27 March 2019
2314:from the original on 24 March 2019
2253:from the original on 27 March 2019
2249:. Freedom News. 29 November 2017.
2175:from the original on 24 March 2019
2105:from the original on 25 April 2019
2056:from the original on 24 March 2019
1975:"Drugs and violence shut down pub"
1880:from the original on 24 March 2019
1636:Anonymous (2003). "Stable Bases".
1569:
1557:from the original on 24 March 2019
387:(ACE) was founded in 1997 and the
261:and aim to show an alternative to
103:, and anarchist clubs such as the
95:The projects draw influences from
92:, which are co-operatively owned.
25:
4928:
3615:
3358:. 19 October 2009. Archived from
3320:Fitch, Rachel (21 October 2006).
3231:. 4 December 2018. Archived from
3155:from the original on 25 June 2020
2852:
2559:from the original on 29 June 2015
2015:from the original on 30 June 2019
1955:from the original on 30 June 2019
1902:Firth, Rhiannon (12 March 2012).
1839:from the original on 2 April 2015
4871:
4870:
4466:
4388:
4387:
3465:from the original on 27 May 2019
3412:Meltzer, Albert (January 1996),
3266:from the original on 26 May 2019
3143:Cartledge, Luke (15 June 2020).
2753:. 7 January 2003. Archived from
2497:from the original on 17 May 2020
2449:. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.
2359:Wills, Dixe (14 December 2019).
2161:. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.
2042:. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.
2003:Ó’Máille, Peter (19 June 2019).
1866:. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.
1543:. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.
292:
4912:Anarchism in the United Kingdom
4650:Hounslow Community Land Project
3521:from the original on 2016-03-04
3507:
3344:
3322:"Squatters are finally evicted"
3197:
2989:
2846:
2835:from the original on 2019-03-24
2792:
2745:"The Guv'nor's spirit lives on"
2696:from the original on 2020-01-12
2622:
2596:
2571:
2434:
2326:
2265:
2239:
2228:from the original on 2019-03-24
2146:
2135:from the original on 2019-03-27
2117:
2027:
1851:
1464:from the original on 2019-07-18
353:against supermarket expansion.
266:workshop, café, concert venue,
166:. Other influences include the
4483:Advisory Service for Squatters
4434:Squatting in England and Wales
4035:Autonomous Centre of Edinburgh
3120:. 18 June 2015. Archived from
3022:"Police raid 'anarchist' base"
2975:. Liverpool University Press.
2487:"The Spring of Social Centres"
2441:Chatterton, Paul, ed. (2008).
2153:Chatterton, Paul, ed. (2008).
1700:
1597:
1530:
1475:
1445:
1418:Advisory Service for Squatters
669:Autonomous Centre of Edinburgh
385:Autonomous Centre of Edinburgh
13:
1:
4792:Erection of Cottages Act 1588
4060:London Action Resource Centre
3676:
2768:Sizemore (26 February 2007).
2679:10.1080/13604813.2016.1153919
2038:. In Chatterton, Paul (ed.).
1908:. Routledge. pp. 58–61.
1862:. In Chatterton, Paul (ed.).
1438:
1395:Social Centre Network UK/WISE
1387:London Social Centres Network
855:Oxford Action Resource Centre
828:London Action Resource Centre
691:1995 (squatted), 2006 (owned)
562:London Action Resource Centre
236:
97:self-managed centres in Italy
4199:Camas Bookstore and Infoshop
3299:10.1016/j.emospa.2021.100849
2606:. Radical Manchester. 2009.
2516:Lyndsey (15 February 2011).
2273:"Social Centre under Threat"
2218:"The social centres roundup"
2005:"The Social Centre Bulletin"
7:
2908:Diane Taylor (2008-08-27).
1804:Wakefield, Stacey (2003) .
1411:
1373:
902:Current building since 2001
313:formed in 1984, running an
215:anti-globalization movement
136:Self-managed social centres
49:self-managed social centres
10:
4933:
4807:Land Registration Act 2002
4356:Self-managed social centre
4285:Old Market Autonomous Zone
3996:Vrijplaats Koppenhinksteeg
3795:Centro Sociale Leoncavallo
3515:"Social Centres Gathering"
3459:Queen's University Belfast
3287:Emotion, Space and Society
2582:. Bristol: Tangent Books.
2336:. Chronicle. 9 June 2018.
1210:2012–2014 (four locations)
1203:London Queer Social Centre
180:self-managed social centre
176:Landless Workers' Movement
131:The 1 in 12 Club, Bradford
122:
4866:
4820:
4779:
4713:
4592:
4561:
4475:
4464:
4440:
4384:
4318:
4297:
4280:Iron Rail Book Collective
4247:
4171:
4162:
4073:
4017:
4006:
3890:
3712:
3705:
3684:
3066:10.1080/13604810600982222
2803:. PM Press. p. 167.
2131:. Liverpool. 2015-01-19.
1749:10.1080/13604810600982222
525:, which was connected to
445:
245:The Cowley Club, Brighton
64:or the Okasional Café in
4630:Bloomsbury Social Centre
4260:Brian MacKenzie Infoshop
4101:Bloomsbury Social Centre
3730:Kulturzentrum Bremgarten
3586:Franks, Benjamin (2006)
3544:Glasgow Autonomous Space
2578:Macindoe, Molly (2011).
1686:10.1177/1206331205277350
1051:Bloomsbury Social Centre
835:1999 bought, 2002 opened
801:Glasgow Autonomous Space
601:List of current projects
576:and the Mayday Rooms on
519:Bloomsbury social centre
18:UK Social Centre Network
4843:Principality of Sealand
4136:Wapping Autonomy Centre
3600:Meltzer, Albert (1996)
3485:"London Social Centres"
2390:Berger, George (2006).
1537:Chatterton, P. (2008).
1343:Wapping Autonomy Centre
937:List of former projects
887:2006, new location 2018
460:Wapping Autonomy Centre
152:Wapping Autonomy Centre
4275:Internationalist Books
3356:East London advertiser
3209:www.checkcompany.co.uk
2882:The Anarchist Cookbook
2831:. London. 2018-11-29.
2224:. London. 2018-09-23.
1383:
1260:Red and Black Umbrella
655:Aberdeen Social Centre
593:occupied flats on the
539:The Really Free School
497:was first squatted by
455:
302:
246:
211:Peoples' Global Action
190:communities set up by
132:
37:
4797:Criminal Law Act 1977
4665:M11 link road protest
4655:Kew Bridge Ecovillage
4518:London Street Commune
4376:Intentional Community
3753:Syndikalistiskt Forum
3725:Ernst-Kirchweger-Haus
3642:Radical events agenda
2910:"Positive occupation"
2757:on 29 September 2007.
2416:"Brixton: 121 Centre"
2247:"Welcome to Partisan"
2155:"The Casa, Liverpool"
1860:"The Kebele, Bristol"
1452:Martin, Andy (1994).
1381:
1163:George's X Chalkboard
508:Elephant & Castle
504:Anarchist Black Cross
453:
329:has the long-running
300:
244:
203:Criminal Justice Bill
198:in the 19th century.
178:(MST) in Brazil, the
158:and the still extant
130:
35:
4902:Community organizing
4838:Occupation (protest)
4690:Spike Surplus Scheme
4214:Interference Archive
4126:Spike Surplus Scheme
4111:DIY Space for London
3572:Atton, Chris (2010)
2825:"Welcome to Partisa"
2485:L., Alessio (2007).
2095:"Social Centres Map"
2034:Durie, Nick (2008).
1951:. 15 November 2011.
1770:Adam, Ricky (2017).
1382:DIY Space for London
1365:1986–2003, 2011–2018
1302:Spike Surplus Scheme
1225:2001–2006, 2007–2007
1107:DIY Space For London
558:DIY Space For London
491:Spike Surplus Scheme
479:Flux of Pink Indians
440:workers co-operative
343:housing co-operative
4848:Reclaim the Streets
4219:Lucy Parsons Center
2721:. 16 January 2015.
884:Newcastle upon Tyne
698:Blackcurrent Centre
531:Reclaim the Streets
172:working men's clubs
101:working men's clubs
4833:New Age Travellers
4787:Adverse possession
4766:Heathcote Williams
4528:Really Free School
4513:Justice Not Crisis
4393:Category:Infoshops
4204:Civic Media Center
4121:Really Free School
3943:Kunsthaus Tacheles
3094:. 11 November 2021
2392:The Story of Crass
1384:
1274:Really Free School
584:Occasional centres
456:
394:Terrorism Act 2000
311:Warzone Collective
303:
259:anti-authoritarian
247:
222:What's This Place?
133:
57:anti-authoritarian
38:
4884:
4883:
4714:Notable squatters
4574:Bonnington Square
4493:Exodus Collective
4400:
4399:
4326:Alternative media
4293:
4292:
4270:Catalyst Infoshop
4158:
4157:
4154:
4153:
3986:De Blauwe Aanslag
3880:Eskalera Karakola
3790:Cascina Torchiera
3574:Alternative Media
3495:on 6 January 2020
3489:Autonomous London
3235:on 2 January 2020
3124:on 2 January 2020
3118:The Wire Magazine
2810:978-1-60486-683-4
2780:on 2 January 2020
2371:on 8 January 2020
2279:on 6 January 2020
2099:Organise Magazine
1915:978-1-136-58072-7
1674:Space and Culture
1371:
1370:
934:
933:
595:Carpenters Estate
213:meetings and the
188:utopian socialist
53:community centres
16:(Redirected from
4924:
4874:
4873:
4771:Christian Wolmar
4605:102 Eaton Square
4562:Legalized squats
4543:The Land is Ours
4470:
4469:
4453:Right to housing
4427:
4420:
4413:
4404:
4403:
4391:
4390:
4336:Community centre
4169:
4168:
4015:
4014:
3928:Patio Maravillas
3805:Forte Prenestino
3710:
3709:
3671:
3664:
3657:
3648:
3647:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3555:
3550:on 24 March 2019
3546:. Archived from
3536:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3526:
3511:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3500:
3491:. Archived from
3481:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3451:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3378:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3332:on 24 April 2019
3328:. Archived from
3317:
3311:
3310:
3282:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3251:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3240:
3225:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3201:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3181:. 4 March 2016.
3171:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3084:
3078:
3077:
3049:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3024:. 1 April 2001.
3018:
3012:
3011:
2993:
2987:
2986:
2968:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2937:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2905:
2896:
2895:
2877:
2871:
2870:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2840:
2821:
2815:
2814:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2776:. Archived from
2765:
2759:
2758:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2711:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2695:
2664:
2655:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2636:on 24 March 2019
2626:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2615:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2544:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2513:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2482:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2367:. Archived from
2356:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2310:. 30 June 2017.
2300:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2214:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2091:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2000:
1991:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1941:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1899:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1829:
1820:
1819:
1801:
1786:
1785:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1732:
1723:
1722:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1669:
1654:
1653:
1633:
1622:
1621:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1576:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1515:
1498:
1497:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1449:
947:
946:
758:Feminist Library
608:
607:
469:. Bands such as
268:exhibition space
184:Rose Street Club
109:exhibition space
105:Rose Street Club
43:can be found in
21:
4932:
4931:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4887:
4886:
4885:
4880:
4862:
4816:
4780:Legal framework
4775:
4709:
4588:
4557:
4476:Squatter groups
4471:
4467:
4462:
4436:
4431:
4401:
4396:
4380:
4314:
4289:
4265:The Brick House
4243:
4234:Spartacus Books
4209:Firestorm Books
4164:
4150:
4069:
4009:
4002:
3952:Czech Republic
3908:La Ingobernable
3886:
3701:
3680:
3675:
3618:
3569:
3567:Further reading
3564:
3563:
3553:
3551:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3524:
3522:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3498:
3496:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3468:
3466:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3439:
3437:
3430:
3410:
3406:
3396:
3394:
3387:Daily Telegraph
3379:
3375:
3365:
3363:
3350:
3349:
3345:
3335:
3333:
3318:
3314:
3283:
3279:
3269:
3267:
3260:Hackney Gazette
3252:
3248:
3238:
3236:
3227:
3226:
3222:
3213:
3211:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3188:
3186:
3173:
3172:
3168:
3158:
3156:
3141:
3137:
3127:
3125:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3097:
3095:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3050:
3041:
3031:
3029:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3008:
2994:
2990:
2983:
2969:
2965:
2955:
2953:
2938:
2934:
2925:
2923:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2878:
2874:
2851:
2847:
2838:
2836:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2811:
2797:
2793:
2783:
2781:
2766:
2762:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2728:
2726:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2662:
2656:
2649:
2639:
2637:
2628:
2627:
2623:
2613:
2611:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2590:
2589:978-190647743-1
2576:
2572:
2562:
2560:
2545:
2541:
2531:
2529:
2514:
2510:
2500:
2498:
2491:Occupied London
2483:
2476:
2466:
2464:
2457:
2439:
2435:
2425:
2423:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2402:
2388:
2384:
2374:
2372:
2357:
2353:
2343:
2341:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2317:
2315:
2302:
2301:
2292:
2282:
2280:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2256:
2254:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2231:
2229:
2216:
2215:
2188:
2178:
2176:
2169:
2151:
2147:
2138:
2136:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2108:
2106:
2093:
2092:
2069:
2059:
2057:
2050:
2032:
2028:
2018:
2016:
2001:
1994:
1984:
1982:
1981:. 14 March 2006
1973:
1972:
1968:
1958:
1956:
1943:
1942:
1935:
1925:
1923:
1916:
1900:
1893:
1883:
1881:
1874:
1856:
1852:
1842:
1840:
1831:
1830:
1823:
1816:
1802:
1789:
1782:
1768:
1764:
1733:
1726:
1719:
1705:
1701:
1670:
1657:
1634:
1625:
1602:
1598:
1591:
1577:
1570:
1560:
1558:
1551:
1535:
1531:
1516:
1501:
1494:
1480:
1476:
1467:
1465:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1414:
1397:
1389:
1376:
994:Aardvark Centre
944:
939:
881:Star and Shadow
842:Next to Nowhere
788:Sylvia's Corner
603:
586:
448:
405:dockers' strike
361:Easton, Bristol
295:
255:self-management
239:
230:anti-capitalist
192:Charles Fourier
125:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4930:
4920:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4882:
4881:
4879:
4878:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4861:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4824:
4822:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4783:
4781:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4746:Harry Hallowes
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4717:
4715:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4695:St Agnes Place
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4670:Matilda Centre
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4640:Centro Iberico
4637:
4635:Cardboard City
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4596:
4594:
4590:
4589:
4587:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4565:
4563:
4559:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4488:Da! collective
4485:
4479:
4477:
4473:
4472:
4465:
4463:
4461:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4444:
4442:
4438:
4437:
4430:
4429:
4422:
4415:
4407:
4398:
4397:
4385:
4382:
4381:
4379:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4322:
4320:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4312:
4307:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4251:
4249:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4175:
4173:
4166:
4160:
4159:
4156:
4155:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4148:
4143:
4141:Warzone Centre
4138:
4133:
4131:St Agnes Place
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4106:Centro Iberico
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4021:
4019:
4012:
4004:
4003:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3883:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3844:
3843:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3830:Landbouwbelang
3827:
3822:
3817:
3809:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3755:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3716:
3714:
3707:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3699:
3694:
3688:
3686:
3682:
3681:
3674:
3673:
3666:
3659:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3617:
3616:External links
3614:
3613:
3612:
3598:
3584:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3531:
3506:
3476:
3446:
3428:
3404:
3373:
3343:
3312:
3277:
3246:
3220:
3196:
3166:
3149:Loud And Quiet
3135:
3105:
3079:
3060:(3): 305–315.
3039:
3013:
3006:
2988:
2982:978-0853239291
2981:
2963:
2932:
2897:
2890:
2872:
2845:
2816:
2809:
2791:
2760:
2736:
2706:
2673:(2): 297–320.
2647:
2621:
2595:
2588:
2570:
2539:
2508:
2474:
2455:
2433:
2407:
2401:978-1846094026
2400:
2382:
2351:
2325:
2290:
2264:
2238:
2186:
2167:
2145:
2116:
2067:
2048:
2026:
1992:
1966:
1933:
1914:
1891:
1872:
1850:
1821:
1814:
1787:
1780:
1762:
1743:(3): 305–315.
1724:
1717:
1699:
1680:(3): 286–301.
1655:
1623:
1596:
1590:978-1604866834
1589:
1568:
1549:
1529:
1499:
1492:
1474:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1413:
1410:
1396:
1393:
1388:
1385:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1358:Warzone Centre
1354:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1131:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1121:Ex-Grand Banks
1118:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1079:Centro Iberico
1075:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1065:Button Factory
1062:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1004:
1003:
1001:
998:
995:
991:
990:
988:
985:
982:
976:
975:
973:
970:
967:
961:
960:
957:
954:
951:
938:
935:
932:
931:
929:
926:
923:
922:Wharf Chambers
919:
918:
916:
913:
910:
909:Warehouse Café
906:
905:
903:
900:
897:
891:
890:
888:
885:
882:
878:
877:
875:
872:
869:
865:
864:
862:
859:
856:
852:
851:
849:
846:
843:
839:
838:
836:
833:
830:
824:
823:
821:
818:
815:
811:
810:
808:
805:
802:
798:
797:
795:
792:
789:
782:
781:
779:
776:
773:
769:
768:
766:
763:
760:
754:
753:
751:
748:
745:
738:
737:
735:
732:
729:
723:
722:
720:
717:
714:
708:
707:
705:
702:
699:
695:
694:
692:
689:
686:
680:
679:
677:
674:
671:
665:
664:
662:
659:
656:
652:
651:
649:
646:
643:
637:
636:
634:
631:
628:
622:
621:
618:
615:
612:
602:
599:
585:
582:
568:, DeCentre at
550:gentrification
447:
444:
403:following the
294:
291:
287:Radical Routes
238:
235:
148:Centro Iberico
140:United Kingdom
124:
121:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4929:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4877:
4869:
4868:
4865:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4825:
4823:
4821:Linked topics
4819:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4784:
4782:
4778:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4718:
4716:
4712:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4680:Oval Mansions
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4660:Lyndhurst Way
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4625:Bank of Ideas
4623:
4621:
4620:Argyle Street
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4597:
4595:
4593:Former squats
4591:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4560:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4523:Occupy London
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4503:Grow Heathrow
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4480:
4478:
4474:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4439:
4435:
4428:
4423:
4421:
4416:
4414:
4409:
4408:
4405:
4395:
4394:
4383:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4366:Temporary use
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4317:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4296:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4252:
4250:
4246:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4184:Bluestockings
4182:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4170:
4167:
4161:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4091:Bank of Ideas
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4072:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4055:Freedom Press
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4020:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4005:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3938:Seomra Spraoi
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3889:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3812:
3810:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3783:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3711:
3708:
3704:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3687:
3683:
3679:
3672:
3667:
3665:
3660:
3658:
3653:
3652:
3649:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3619:
3611:
3610:9781873176931
3607:
3603:
3599:
3597:
3596:9781904859406
3593:
3589:
3585:
3583:
3582:9780761967705
3579:
3575:
3571:
3570:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3535:
3520:
3516:
3510:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3480:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3450:
3435:
3431:
3429:9781873176931
3425:
3421:
3417:
3416:
3408:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3377:
3362:on 2 May 2019
3361:
3357:
3353:
3347:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3316:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3281:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3250:
3234:
3230:
3224:
3210:
3206:
3200:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3170:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3139:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3109:
3093:
3089:
3083:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3048:
3046:
3044:
3027:
3023:
3017:
3009:
3007:9781138570450
3003:
3000:. Routledge.
2999:
2992:
2984:
2978:
2974:
2967:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2936:
2921:
2917:
2916:
2911:
2904:
2902:
2893:
2891:9781937276782
2887:
2883:
2876:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2849:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2820:
2812:
2806:
2802:
2795:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2764:
2756:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2740:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2710:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2661:
2658:Watt (2016).
2654:
2652:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2609:
2605:
2599:
2591:
2585:
2581:
2574:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2543:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2512:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2481:
2479:
2462:
2458:
2456:9780853162704
2452:
2448:
2444:
2437:
2421:
2417:
2411:
2403:
2397:
2393:
2386:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2355:
2339:
2335:
2329:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2278:
2274:
2268:
2252:
2248:
2242:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2174:
2170:
2168:9780853162704
2164:
2160:
2156:
2149:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2120:
2104:
2101:. Organise!.
2100:
2096:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2055:
2051:
2049:9780853162704
2045:
2041:
2037:
2030:
2014:
2010:
2006:
1999:
1997:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1921:
1917:
1911:
1907:
1906:
1898:
1896:
1879:
1875:
1873:9780853162704
1869:
1865:
1861:
1854:
1838:
1834:
1828:
1826:
1817:
1811:
1808:. Evil Twin.
1807:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1783:
1781:9788862085106
1777:
1773:
1766:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1731:
1729:
1720:
1718:9780745326375
1714:
1710:
1703:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1600:
1592:
1586:
1582:
1575:
1573:
1556:
1552:
1550:9780853162704
1546:
1542:
1541:
1533:
1526:(1): 176–198.
1525:
1521:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1495:
1493:9780745326375
1489:
1485:
1478:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1448:
1444:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1392:
1380:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1232:Radical Dairy
1231:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1008:Bank of Ideas
1006:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
992:
989:
986:
983:
981:
978:
977:
974:
971:
968:
966:
963:
962:
958:
955:
952:
949:
948:
945:
942:
930:
927:
924:
921:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
907:
904:
901:
898:
896:
893:
892:
889:
886:
883:
880:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
853:
850:
847:
844:
841:
840:
837:
834:
831:
829:
826:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
812:
809:
806:
803:
800:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
783:
780:
777:
774:
771:
770:
767:
764:
761:
759:
756:
755:
752:
749:
746:
744:
743:Freedom Press
740:
739:
736:
733:
730:
728:
725:
724:
721:
718:
715:
713:
710:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
696:
693:
690:
687:
685:
682:
681:
678:
675:
672:
670:
667:
666:
663:
660:
657:
654:
653:
650:
647:
644:
642:
639:
638:
635:
632:
629:
627:
624:
623:
619:
616:
613:
610:
609:
606:
598:
596:
592:
581:
579:
575:
571:
567:
566:Bethnal Green
563:
559:
555:
551:
546:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
527:Occupy London
524:
523:Bank of Ideas
520:
515:
513:
509:
505:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
465:
461:
452:
443:
441:
437:
433:
429:
428:Forest Fields
425:
421:
416:
414:
409:
406:
402:
397:
395:
390:
386:
382:
378:
373:
370:
365:
362:
358:
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
319:
316:
312:
308:
299:
293:Around the UK
290:
288:
283:
279:
277:
273:
269:
264:
260:
256:
253:principle of
252:
243:
234:
231:
227:
223:
218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
199:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
129:
120:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
93:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
34:
30:
19:
4857:
4751:Olive Morris
4736:Piers Corbyn
4726:Baron Bassam
4705:Titnore Wood
4700:Sutton House
4675:Medina House
4533:Spiral Tribe
4386:
4305:Freedom Shop
4255:Boxcar Books
4239:Trumbullplex
4146:Pink Peacock
4065:Sumac Centre
4030:56a Infoshop
4025:1 in 12 Club
4007:
3972:Netherlands
3966:Squat Milada
3948:Villa Amalia
3811:Netherlands
3745:Ungdomshuset
3601:
3587:
3573:
3552:. Retrieved
3548:the original
3543:
3534:
3523:. Retrieved
3509:
3497:. Retrieved
3493:the original
3488:
3479:
3467:. Retrieved
3458:
3449:
3438:, retrieved
3414:
3407:
3395:. Retrieved
3386:
3376:
3364:. Retrieved
3360:the original
3355:
3346:
3334:. Retrieved
3330:the original
3325:
3315:
3290:
3286:
3280:
3268:. Retrieved
3259:
3249:
3237:. Retrieved
3233:the original
3223:
3212:. Retrieved
3208:
3199:
3187:. Retrieved
3178:
3169:
3157:. Retrieved
3148:
3138:
3126:. Retrieved
3122:the original
3117:
3108:
3096:. Retrieved
3092:Common House
3091:
3082:
3057:
3053:
3030:. Retrieved
3016:
2997:
2991:
2972:
2966:
2954:. Retrieved
2946:The Guardian
2945:
2935:
2924:. Retrieved
2915:The Guardian
2913:
2881:
2875:
2858:
2854:
2848:
2837:. Retrieved
2828:
2819:
2800:
2794:
2782:. Retrieved
2778:the original
2773:
2763:
2755:the original
2748:
2739:
2727:. Retrieved
2718:
2709:
2698:. Retrieved
2670:
2666:
2638:. Retrieved
2634:the original
2624:
2612:. Retrieved
2598:
2579:
2573:
2561:. Retrieved
2553:The Guardian
2552:
2542:
2530:. Retrieved
2521:
2511:
2499:. Retrieved
2490:
2465:. Retrieved
2446:
2436:
2424:. Retrieved
2410:
2391:
2385:
2373:. Retrieved
2369:the original
2365:The Guardian
2364:
2354:
2342:. Retrieved
2328:
2316:. Retrieved
2307:
2281:. Retrieved
2277:the original
2267:
2255:. Retrieved
2241:
2230:. Retrieved
2221:
2177:. Retrieved
2158:
2148:
2137:. Retrieved
2128:
2119:
2107:. Retrieved
2098:
2058:. Retrieved
2039:
2029:
2017:. Retrieved
2009:Freedom News
2008:
1983:. Retrieved
1978:
1969:
1957:. Retrieved
1949:Wales Online
1948:
1924:. Retrieved
1904:
1882:. Retrieved
1863:
1858:Tim (2008).
1853:
1841:. Retrieved
1805:
1771:
1765:
1740:
1736:
1708:
1702:
1677:
1673:
1641:
1637:
1609:
1605:
1599:
1583:. PM Press.
1580:
1559:. Retrieved
1539:
1532:
1523:
1519:
1483:
1477:
1466:. Retrieved
1457:
1447:
1405:Sumac Centre
1401:1 in 12 Club
1398:
1390:
1218:Medina House
1093:Common House
1043:1968 – 1970s
943:
940:
895:Sumac Centre
741:DeCentre at
641:56a Infoshop
626:1 in 12 Club
604:
587:
578:Fleet Street
547:
516:
499:Olive Morris
457:
424:Sumac Centre
417:
410:
398:
374:
366:
355:
347:Medina House
331:1 in 12 Club
320:
304:
284:
280:
248:
221:
219:
200:
160:1 in 12 Club
134:
94:
86:Sumac Centre
70:1 in 12 Club
51:differ from
40:
39:
29:
4756:Jim Radford
4731:Chumbawamba
4645:City Racing
4615:491 Gallery
4600:12 Bar Club
4086:491 Gallery
4045:Cowley Club
3913:Factory Rog
3825:Grote Broek
3768:Trotz Allem
3697:Salon Mazal
3189:24 November
3032:24 November
2729:19 December
2418:. Urban75.
2394:. Omnibus.
1926:14 February
1644:: 189–191.
1612:: 185–188.
1423:Ecovillages
980:491 Gallery
956:Established
727:Cowley Club
701:Northampton
617:Established
574:Whitechapel
543:Guy Ritchie
483:491 Gallery
389:Forest Café
339:Cowley Club
315:anarchopunk
196:Robert Owen
78:Cowley Club
4891:Categories
4853:Romanichal
4721:The 101ers
4610:121 Centre
4584:Villa Road
4441:Influences
4331:Autonomism
4310:Jura Books
4229:Red Emma's
4179:ABC No Rio
4081:121 Centre
4050:The Forest
3870:Can Masdeu
3525:2015-10-19
3293:: 100849.
3214:2023-11-02
3179:past tense
2956:30 January
2926:2008-09-21
2839:2019-03-24
2719:The Mirror
2700:2020-01-12
2232:2019-03-24
2139:2019-03-24
1815:0971297290
1468:2019-03-30
1460:. London.
1439:References
1332:Manchester
1156:2019–2021
1150:Gentileza
1137:Open House
1025:Manchester
997:Birmingham
965:121 Centre
959:Reference
912:Birmingham
899:Nottingham
871:Manchester
620:Reference
495:121 Centre
432:Nottingham
413:Manchester
323:Birmingham
263:capitalist
237:Activities
144:121 Centre
90:Nottingham
66:Manchester
4917:Infoshops
4761:Sid Rawle
4579:Frestonia
4498:Focus E15
4361:Squatting
4346:Indymedia
4341:DIY ethic
4224:Okupa Che
3923:Liebig 34
3903:Centro 73
3855:Hausmania
3820:Extrapool
3735:Metelkova
3678:Infoshops
3604:AK Press
3590:AK Press
3517:. Sumac.
3499:6 January
3336:2 January
3307:245054334
3239:2 January
3128:2 January
3074:143032260
2867:744314571
2784:2 January
2774:Londonist
2750:The Argus
2687:147260629
2522:Londonist
2501:6 January
2375:8 January
1835:. Argus.
1757:143032260
1711:. Pluto.
1694:145336405
1650:1462-5989
1638:Do or die
1618:1462-5989
1606:Do or die
1486:. Pluto.
1350:1981–1982
1309:1999–2009
1294:2011–2011
1281:2011–2011
1266:2011–2015
1253:2004-2009
1238:2001–2003
1195:2015–2017
1182:2018–2019
1179:Sheffield
1176:Heartcure
1143:2014–2014
1135:Focus E15
1127:2004–2004
1114:2015–2020
1099:2013-2021
1058:2011–2011
1015:2011–2012
987:2001–2013
972:1989–1999
845:Liverpool
786:Focus E15
716:Liverpool
673:Edinburgh
591:Focus E15
512:Southwark
464:anarchist
420:Newcastle
401:Liverpool
272:free shop
251:anarchist
113:free shop
4876:Category
4741:Ian Dury
4508:Justice?
4458:TĹ· unnos
3961:Ladronka
3875:Can Vies
3764:Germany
3554:3 August
3519:Archived
3463:Archived
3434:archived
3420:AK Press
3397:22 April
3391:Archived
3264:Archived
3183:Archived
3153:Archived
3026:Archived
2950:Archived
2920:Archived
2833:Archived
2723:Archived
2691:Archived
2640:26 March
2614:24 March
2608:Archived
2557:Archived
2532:23 April
2526:Archived
2495:Archived
2467:24 March
2461:Archived
2426:24 April
2420:Archived
2344:26 March
2338:Archived
2312:Archived
2283:26 March
2257:26 March
2251:Archived
2226:Archived
2179:24 March
2173:Archived
2133:Archived
2103:Archived
2060:24 March
2054:Archived
2013:Archived
1979:BBC News
1953:Archived
1920:Archived
1884:24 March
1878:Archived
1843:24 April
1837:Archived
1561:24 March
1555:Archived
1462:Archived
1458:Smile 12
1412:See also
1374:Networks
1291:Brighton
1222:Brighton
1153:Cardiff
1022:Basement
953:Location
868:Partisan
731:Brighton
658:Aberdeen
630:Bradford
614:Location
533:and the
521:and the
489:and the
381:Scotland
335:Brighton
327:Bradford
276:infoshop
207:Poll Tax
186:and the
164:Bradford
117:infoshop
84:and the
82:Brighton
74:Bradford
45:squatted
4685:rampART
4553:!Wowow!
4548:WOMBLES
4448:Diggers
4351:Library
4319:Related
4298:Oceania
4194:C-Squat
4172:Current
4165:America
4116:rampART
4018:Current
4010:Kingdom
3956:Klinika
3918:Kukutza
3846:Norway
3758:Kafé 44
3749:Sweden
3740:Rozbrat
3713:Current
3440:Dec 28,
3159:12 July
3098:3 April
2829:Freedom
2308:Freedom
2222:Freedom
2019:30 June
1985:30 June
1959:30 June
1362:Belfast
1329:Subrosa
1288:Sabotaj
1263:Cardiff
1246:rampART
1166:Glasgow
804:Glasgow
688:Bristol
570:Freedom
535:WOMBLES
487:RampART
436:Veggies
377:Glasgow
369:Cardiff
351:protest
307:Belfast
168:Diggers
156:Warzone
138:in the
123:History
4538:SQUASH
4248:Former
4074:Former
4008:United
3891:Former
3866:Spain
3800:Cox 18
3706:Europe
3608:
3594:
3580:
3469:27 May
3426:
3305:
3270:25 May
3072:
3004:
2979:
2888:
2865:
2807:
2685:
2586:
2563:9 June
2453:
2398:
2318:14 May
2165:
2109:14 May
2046:
1912:
1870:
1812:
1778:
1755:
1715:
1692:
1648:
1616:
1587:
1547:
1490:
1347:London
1319:London
1316:Square
1306:London
1278:London
1250:London
1235:London
1207:London
1192:London
1140:London
1124:London
1111:London
1096:London
1086:1982–?
1083:London
1071:?–2001
1068:London
1055:London
1040:London
1012:London
984:London
969:London
858:Oxford
832:London
814:Ground
791:London
775:London
762:London
747:London
645:London
493:. The
475:Zounds
446:London
383:, the
337:, the
309:, the
205:, the
174:, the
76:, the
4163:North
3991:Ubica
3981:ASCII
3933:RHINO
3850:Blitz
3840:OT301
3835:OCCII
3785:Italy
3576:Sage
3366:2 May
3326:Argus
3303:S2CID
3070:S2CID
2861:(1).
2694:(PDF)
2683:S2CID
2663:(PDF)
2493:(1).
1753:S2CID
1690:S2CID
1322:2000s
1169:1990s
1028:2005–
1000:1990s
925:Leeds
915:2010s
848:2010s
820:2010s
794:2010s
778:2010s
772:Field
471:Crass
467:punks
62:Leeds
4569:BASE
4371:Zine
4040:BASE
3898:Binz
3860:UFFA
3778:Køpi
3773:SO36
3685:Asia
3606:ISBN
3592:ISBN
3578:ISBN
3556:2019
3501:2020
3471:2019
3442:2013
3424:ISBN
3399:2019
3368:2019
3338:2020
3272:2019
3241:2020
3191:2019
3161:2020
3130:2020
3100:2022
3054:City
3034:2019
3002:ISBN
2977:ISBN
2958:2012
2886:ISBN
2863:OCLC
2805:ISBN
2786:2020
2731:2018
2667:City
2642:2019
2616:2019
2584:ISBN
2565:2015
2534:2019
2503:2020
2469:2019
2451:ISBN
2428:2015
2396:ISBN
2377:2020
2346:2019
2320:2019
2285:2019
2259:2019
2181:2019
2163:ISBN
2129:Echo
2111:2019
2062:2019
2044:ISBN
2021:2019
1987:2019
1961:2019
1928:2021
1910:ISBN
1886:2019
1868:ISBN
1845:2015
1810:ISBN
1776:ISBN
1737:City
1713:ISBN
1646:ISSN
1614:ISSN
1585:ISBN
1563:2019
1545:ISBN
1488:ISBN
1335:2013
1189:Hive
950:Name
928:2010
874:2017
861:2005
817:Hull
807:2016
765:1975
750:2016
734:2002
719:2000
712:Casa
704:1989
684:BASE
676:1997
661:2019
648:1991
633:1988
611:Name
477:and
458:The
357:BASE
226:ESRC
194:and
4096:BIT
3976:ADM
3815:ACU
3295:doi
3062:doi
2675:doi
1745:doi
1682:doi
1036:BIT
572:in
321:In
305:In
162:in
150:,
88:in
80:in
72:in
4893::
3542:.
3487:.
3457:.
3432:,
3422:,
3418:,
3389:.
3385:.
3354:.
3324:.
3301:.
3291:42
3289:.
3262:.
3258:.
3207:.
3177:.
3151:.
3147:.
3116:.
3090:.
3068:.
3058:10
3056:.
3042:^
2948:.
2944:.
2918:.
2912:.
2900:^
2857:.
2827:.
2772:.
2747:.
2717:.
2689:.
2681:.
2671:20
2669:.
2665:.
2650:^
2555:.
2551:.
2524:.
2520:.
2489:.
2477:^
2459:.
2445:.
2363:.
2306:.
2293:^
2220:.
2189:^
2171:.
2157:.
2127:.
2097:.
2070:^
2052:.
2011:.
2007:.
1995:^
1977:.
1947:.
1936:^
1918:.
1894:^
1876:.
1824:^
1790:^
1751:.
1741:10
1739:.
1727:^
1688:.
1676:.
1658:^
1642:10
1640:.
1626:^
1610:10
1608:.
1571:^
1553:.
1522:.
1502:^
1456:.
580:.
514:.
485:,
473:,
442:.
430:,
396:.
274:,
270:,
217:.
170:,
154:,
146:,
115:,
111:,
99:,
4426:e
4419:t
4412:v
3670:e
3663:t
3656:v
3558:.
3528:.
3503:.
3473:.
3401:.
3370:.
3340:.
3309:.
3297::
3274:.
3243:.
3217:.
3193:.
3163:.
3132:.
3102:.
3076:.
3064::
3036:.
3010:.
2985:.
2960:.
2929:.
2894:.
2869:.
2859:4
2842:.
2813:.
2788:.
2733:.
2703:.
2677::
2644:.
2618:.
2592:.
2567:.
2536:.
2505:.
2471:.
2430:.
2404:.
2379:.
2348:.
2322:.
2287:.
2261:.
2235:.
2183:.
2142:.
2113:.
2064:.
2023:.
1989:.
1963:.
1930:.
1888:.
1847:.
1818:.
1784:.
1759:.
1747::
1721:.
1696:.
1684::
1678:8
1652:.
1620:.
1593:.
1565:.
1524:4
1496:.
1471:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.