1871:
1576:, brought their commands together for evaluation. As a result, the MONUC civilian and military teams in North Kivu "implemented a number of reforms that drastically improved the performance of peacekeepers and were hailed as a model for other peacekeeping missions." Reforms included the creation of joint protection teams comprising military and police personnel and civil affairs, human rights, and child protection staff operating from the UN's forward bases; a mobile-phone based early warning system, in which community members were provided with devices to alert peacekeepers of unrest; community alert networks that allowed for bases to be contacted around the clock; Community Liaison Assistants (CLAs), an expanded role for Congolese translators to also act as community monitors and information gatherers; an emphasis on civilian outreach; increased foot patrols; and deployment of 30β35 troop standing combat units to areas deemed vulnerable.
166:
1914:
9199:
9481:
2407:
9431:
9341:
553:
9698:
3059:
9224:
9709:
4274:
2532:
2494:
1603:" would help to prevent the atrocities that continue to be committed against civilians on an ever greater scale here in North Kivu , on the border of Rwanda and Uganda... Since August 28, fighting has intensified in many areas, causing deaths, rapes, lootings, forced recruitment and further displacements of civilian populations. The population has thus been immersed in unspeakable suffering. In the last few days, fighting has drawn closer to large populated areas, such as the town of Goma. Fighting has also invaded and torn apart the region of
4085:
9657:
1809:
1178:
3005:
2610:
3086:
40:
8397:
9238:
2789:
9671:
9613:
9170:
8445:
3113:
9421:
49:
2027:
1761:
4247:
2513:
3842:
1832:, opposed this proposal. Rwandan delegation informed the UN Security Council that Monusco would be a "belligerent" if it deployed drones in eastern DRC. Other diplomats, including Russian, Chinese, and some from Europe, also expressed reservations. They said there were unanswered questions about who would receive the information from the drones and how widely it would be disseminated, expressing discomfort at the idea of the United Nations becoming an active gatherer of intelligence.
9214:
4139:
2320:βthe first multiparty election in the DRC since 1960βpeaceful and orderly. MONUC troops began patrolling areas of eastern DRC after armed clashes broke on 5 August following the chaotic collection of election results. The UN command is also arranging different training programs and competitions in Congo for both Congo and international forces. A similar shooting competition was held between troops from all international forces and was won by a Pakistani infantry battalion.
3545:
4031:
4004:
2924:
2629:
9491:
9118:
9291:
9301:
9104:
2762:
3491:
3248:
3383:
3302:
4355:
3788:
3599:
2897:
4112:
3761:
3167:
2978:
2551:
9401:
9311:
4220:
4166:
3707:
3410:
2870:
2570:
9091:
4301:
3950:
3896:
3626:
3140:
2735:
2437:
1463:
9511:
9471:
9371:
9599:
9589:
9501:
2686:
4193:
3977:
3437:
4328:
3734:
3518:
3329:
2843:
9644:
9351:
9331:
9321:
9271:
3680:
3653:
3464:
3275:
3194:
2816:
2591:
2456:
9551:
9531:
9451:
9441:
2475:
3815:
3572:
3032:
4058:
9623:
9579:
9569:
9541:
9521:
9461:
9411:
9391:
9281:
9261:
3869:
2951:
3923:
3221:
2648:
9361:
3356:
9685:
1560:
replacement a week prior β and the peacekeepers later said they had no idea the massacre was taking place until it was over. Lt. Col. H. S. Brar, commander of the Indian peacekeepers at
Kiwanja summarized the failure as the result of "poor communication and staffing, inadequate equipment, intelligence breakdowns and spectacularly bad luck." In its report on the massacre,
9381:
1369:
7494:
1129:, the Security Council authorized the increase of military personnel to 8,500. The principle of two independent intervention forces β civilian and military β was also approved. MONUC was tasked to support the voluntary disarmament, demobilization, repatriation, reintegration and resettlement (DDRRR) process, without the use of force.
1057:. In July 2001, the force strength was of 2,366 soldiers, including 363 military observers distributed across 22 cities, and 28 teams monitoring the disengagement of forces. The contingent soldiers totaled 1,869. They came from South Africa, Uruguay, Morocco, Senegal and Tunisia. Guard units protected MONUC installations in
1001:, the UN Security Council authorized MONUC to take the necessary action, in the areas of deployment of its infantry battalions, to protect UN personnel, facilities, installations and equipment, ensure the security and freedom of movement of its personnel, and to protect civilians under imminent threat of physical violence.
1110:, which was again open to commercial traffic. In June 2002 the UN troops' total number was 3,804. Contingents from Ghana and Bolivia joined the force, of which more than a third of the soldiers were Uruguayan. More than one thousand soldiers were deployed in Kisangani. On 14 May 2002, a military observer died near
2316:. The FNI killed another Nepali peacekeeper and took seven captive in May 2006. Two of the seven were released in late June and the UN was trying to secure the release of the remaining five. By November 2005, MONUC consisted of 16,561 uniformed troops. On 30 July 2006, MONUC forces were charged with keeping the
4449:
MONUC officials say nothing of substance about mining in Congo, which proceeds in parallel with the bloodletting, arms trading and extortion. For example, Anvil Mining has been involved in massacres in DRC. Anvil directors include former U.S. Ambassador
Kenneth Brown, who served at U.S. embassies in
2397:
As of 31 August 2011 MONUSCO forces included 19,084 uniformed personnel, out of which 16,998 were military personnel, 743 were military observers and 1,343 were police (including formed units). In addition the forces included 983 international civilian personnel, 2,828 local civilian staff
1639:
announced that it would send around 1,325 soldiers from the
Egyptian Army to support the UN mission in Congo. Egypt also announced that it will send a police force to help in protecting the UN mission in Congo. The Egyptian armed force will work to give support and technical advice to the Congo Army
1173:
called for establishing and deploying a temporary multi-national force to the area until the weakened MONUC mission could be reinforced. In his second special report to the
Security Council, the UN Secretary General proposed a reorientation of MONUC missions: to provide support to the transition and
1137:
Numerous DDRRR operations in collaboration with the civilian component were conducted in the beginning of 2003. Before the start of the transition, UN soldiers were deployed along the front lines. A vast redeployment to the East started. The four coordination centres and 22 bases in the western part
993:
was appointed as the commander of MONUSCO's military force. The mandate was to monitor the implementation of the
Ceasefire Agreement and the redeployment of belligerent forces, to develop an action plan for the overall implementation of the Ceasefire Agreement, to work with the parties to obtain the
922:
About US$ 8.74 billion was spent to fund the MONUC peacekeeping effort during 1999 to 2010. As of
October 2017, the total strength of UN peacekeeping troops in DRC is approximately 18,300. More than thirty nations have contributed military and police personnel for peacekeeping effort, with
1678:
rapidly escalated in an effort to protect the local population. A MONUC helicopter that was restocking the 20 troops stationed there fell under gunfire from armed men. The helicopter crew, all of
Russian nationality, facilitated the evacuation of 25 people, including 5 injured people (including the
1640:
beside operating armed mission in the conflict zones and medical assistant and support. According to the
Foreign affairs in Cairo, Egypt will send a Mechanized Unit, Special Forces, Field Engineers, and Paratroops. Egypt already has a small unit in Congo consisting of 13 policemen and 23 observers.
1470:
In August 2008, an internal investigation led by the Indian Army and other MONOU officers revealed that about ten Indian peacekeepers may have been involved in abuse and exploitation in Congo. Earlier in May 2008, the vice chief of the Indian Army visited Congo to look into these allegations and by
1231:
was launched on 12 June and the IMEF completed its deployment in the following three weeks. The force was successful in stabilising the situation in Bunia and enforcing the UN presence in the DRC. In
September 2003, responsibility for the security of the region was handed over to the MONUC mission.
4454:
and George H.W. Bush and
Director of Central African Affairs (1980β1981). Interestingly, Brown succeeded William Lacy Swingβhead of MONUC in DRCβas Ambassador to the Republic of Congo (Brazzaville). Meanwhile, the former top internal intelligence and security chief of the United Nations Observer's
1957:
emerged in late July amidst accusations by Congolese politicians and civilians of failing to take action to end the Kivu conflict within the country. The protestors demanded that MONUSCO leave the country. On 26 July, fifteen people were killed and 50 others were injured as UN peacekeepers opened
1793:
called the situation "absurd", noting MONUSCO's greatly superior numbers, and called for the group's mandate to be revised. UN spokesman Eduardo del Buey said peacekeepers "cannot substitute" for the Congo national army, adding that the 1,500 UN troops in Goma held their fire because they did not
1727:
In accordance with Security Council resolution 1925 of 28 May 2010, MONUC was renamed as of 1 July the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) to reflect the new phase reached in the country. In August 2010, the Mai Mai rebels ambushed a
1559:
A UN base was situated less than 1 mi (1.6 km) from Kiwanja and over 100 Indian peacekeepers were present at the time of the attacks but the forces lacked basic intelligence capabilities β no one in the base spoke the necessary languages, as their interpreter had been reassigned without
1555:
combed through Kiwanja, searching out boys and men β who they accused of collaborating with the Mai Mai β and executing them on the spot. Older members of the community, both men and women, were also murdered and a large number of women were raped and assaulted. By the end of 5 November, over 150
1643:
In March 2009, the Indian Army questioned more than 100 Indian troops deployed in DRC regarding the abuse allegations against them. After a thorough investigation, which included examination of statements by alleged victims, the Indian Army found "serious irregularities" in charges raised by the
1866:
On 30 July 2013, the March 23 Movement was given a 48-hour ultimatum by the UN to leave Goma area or face "use of force." Between 21 and 29 August, heavy fighting outside Goma left 57 rebels, 10β23 government soldiers, 14 civilians and one Tanzanian UN peacekeeper dead. Seven-hundred and twenty
4445:
into the deal. Following its own investigations, the UN concluded that there was no involvement of Pakistani peacekeeper in any such trade relationship. Namely Human Rights Watch harshly criticized the UN for the way it handled the investigation, providing detailed information from several UN
914:
The initial UN presence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, before the passing of United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1291, was a force of military observers to observe and report on the compliance on factions with the peace accords, a deployment authorised by the earlier
1356:
In May 2005, the UN Secretary General asked for a supplementary brigade for Katanga. Joint operations were conducted by the newly arrived integrated brigades of the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC). UN troops were tasked with the support of the electoral process,
4538:
1847:, North Kivu and is made up of a total of 3,069 peacekeepers. It is tasked with neutralizing armed groups, reducing the threat posed to State authority and civilian security and to make space for stabilization activities. The first Brigade was composed of three battalions, one each from
1714:. The 500 MONUC troops will come from the Ghanaian, Tunisian and Egyptian contingents as well as troops from the Guatemalan Special Forces. Military equipment such as armored personnel carriers, transport and combat helicopters will also be at their disposal to support their mission.
1623:." However, it did not extend MONUC's mandate in the Congo, which was set to expire at the end of 2008. The decision was made despite the rebel commitment to pulling back from the front lines and allowing aid to reach the thousands of people still isolated, according to aid groups.
1564:
largely supported Brar's assessment but further observed that competing priorities from headquarters in Goma shifted focus to "assuring the security of humanitarian workers, a foreign journalist, and a group of military observers, rather than protecting the civilian population."
1105:
In 2002, the 450 military observers, split in 95 teams, continued to monitor the Ceasefire along the ex-frontlines. The teams also investigated violations of the Ceasefire. Foreign troops continued to leave the country. The riverine units escorted the first ships on the
1282:. A military observer was killed. The 1,000 MONUC troops could only protect their own installations. Demonstrations were held all over the country and UN troops opened fire on looters in Kinshasa. MONUC soldiers were again targeted by Ituri militia at the end of 2004.
1212:(EU) -led mission with France as the framework nation providing the bulk of the personnel and complemented by contributions from both EU and non-EU nations. The total force consisted of about 1,800 personnel and was supported by French aircraft based at airfields in
1744:
In May 2011, the international cooperation minister of DRC expressed his government's desire of an "orderly, progressive withdrawal" of MONUSCO due to "normalization" of DRC's relations with neighboring countries and containment of rebels to a "few isolated zones."
6427:
1417:, and appointed Lieutenant General Karlheinz Viereck (Germany) Operation Commander and Major General Christian Damay (France) EU Force Commander. The Operational Headquarters was the German-nominated Armed Forces Operational Command β EinsatzfΓΌhrungskommando β at
1618:
On 20 November, the UN voted unanimously to send 3,085 more peacekeepers, citing "extreme concern at the deteriorating humanitarian situation and in particular the targeted attacks against civilian population, sexual violence, recruitment of child soldiers and
17:
1077:
air medical evacuation team were also deployed. The deployed troops were only to protect the sites against looting and theft, the force had neither the mandate nor the strength to protect the civilian population, or even to extract MONUC personnel. Following
1709:
At the weekly MONUC press conference of 16 December 2009, it was announced by MONUC spokesperson Madnodje Mounoubai that the first MONUC peacekeeping troops were deployed in Dongo, where a temporary operational basis is functional, as well as in nearby
1626:
However, a week after the UN vote, the DRC government requested the UN to not deploy any more Indian troops in the east of the country, arguing that there was a need to "redress the balance" of the make-up of the 17,000-strong UN force in the country.
8019:
4530:
8498:
4458:
There have been numerous cases of sexual misconduct by UN peacekeeping forces in the Congo. This has been acknowledged by the UN itself (such as the letter of 24 March 2005 from the Secretary-General to the President of the General Assembly).
975:. In January 2000 they reached the number of 79 and they were spread over the whole territory of DRC. Their mission was to liaise with all the warring factions, give a technical assistance and prepare the deployment of military observers.
1531:
On 29 October 2008, a French request for an EU reinforcement of 1,500 troops was refused by several countries and appeared unlikely to materialize; however, the UN forces stated they would act to prevent takeovers of population centres.
1543:
battalion and join the peace-keeping effort in the Congo. India made the decision to send its elite forces amidst rising concerns that Indian peace-keepers were getting caught in the cross-fire between DRC government troops and rebels.
9534:
8942:
8305:
7529:
1527:
province, after the Uruguayan battalion deployed in the region fled. However, after that several Uruguayan battalions were playing a crucial role in the buffer zone between the retreating government soldiers and the advancing rebels.
1934:
which resulted in the deaths of 15 UN peacekeepers and 5 Congolese soldiers killed. 53 UN peacekeepers were also wounded. At least 12 of the dead UN peacekeepers were Tanzanians. It is suspected that the attackers were rebels of the
5766:
8103:
9650:
8480:
988:
On 24 February 2000 with the resolution 1291, the UN Security Council authorized the deployment of a maximum of 5537 military personnel in the DRC, including 500 military observers. On 4 April 2000 the Senegalese Major General
10074:
7854:
1345:
On 1 March 2005, a vast cordon and search operation in Ituri was conducted by Nepalese, Pakistani and South African Infantry elements with the support of Indian attack helicopters, between 50 and 60 militiamen were killed.
6435:
5734:
4531:"Ms. Bintou Keita of Guinea - Special Representative of the Secretary-General in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Head of the UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO)"
7849:
1386:
were engaged in a four hour firefight with LRA rebels, ending with the deaths of eight Guatemalans and fifteen rebels. They are believed to have been conducting a raid on an LRA encampment to capture LRA Deputy Commander
7891:
4446:
documents, arguing that serious allegations of wrongdoing by Pakistani peacekeepers in the Democratic Republic of Congo were ignored, minimized or shelved by the UNβs Organization of Internal Oversight Services (OIOS).
1004:
In December 2000 there were 224 military personnel deployed, including 148 observers in thirteen points around the country. The observers could only record the non-application of the Ceasefire, the violent fighting at
1486:
for use as a base to launch attacks. This occurred after a peace treaty failed, with the resultant fighting displacing thousands. The park was taken due to its strategic location on a main road leading to the city of
291:
1341:
of "conscripting and enlisting children under the age of fifteen years and using them to participate actively in hostilities." The Congolese national authorities transferred Lubanga to ICC custody on 17 March 2006.
8824:
1615:, as they would be able to deploy soldiers sooner, working as a "bridging force" until the UN reinforcements arrived. British EU spokeswoman Catriona Little stated that they were "not ruling in or out EU forces".
2334:
The UN has recorded a total of 161 fatalities among MONUC personnel, up to 1 July 2010, as follows: 100 military personnel, 10 military observers, 6 UN police, 12 international civilians, and 30 local civilians.
1196:
in camps and the civilians in the town. UNSCR 1493 authorized an increase of military personnel to 10,800, imposed an arms embargo, and authorized MONUC to use all necessary means to fulfill its mandate in the
9158:
1551:, North Kivu. The Mai Mai were initially able to retake the town but a speedy counter-attack returned control to the CNDP less than 24-hours later. After the town was retaken, CNDP forces under the command of
6109:
8818:
5703:
1827:
in eastern provinces of DRC. US, UK and some other Security Council members were also supportive of the idea. However, Rwanda, which had denied allegations by UN experts that it has been supporting the
1025:
Even though the beginning of 2001 was still hampered by sporadic combat, the military observers could fulfill their mission in regards with the disengagement of forces and the withdrawal of some of the
8711:
10180:
7896:
590:
8806:
1748:
In June 2011, the UN announced that it would withdraw about 2,000 peace-keepers by the end of the month. The UN announcement came only a few days after India's decision to withdraw all of its four
8765:
279:
1870:
9572:
1887:
in June 2014, the UN announced it would send MONUSCO peacekeeping troops to the area to protect the population. "These violent acts are unacceptable and need to stop immediately," said Kobler.
2216:
1261:
operations improved the security conditions in Ituri but, at the same time, the peacekeepers became the target of the militias. On 12 February 2004, a military observer was killed in Ituri.
7866:
5748:
1321:
In February 2005, nine Bangladeshi UN troops were killed during an ambush in Ituri. The actions of the Ituri and Kivu Brigades became more robust and the pressure rose on all armed groups.
10205:
7916:
1595:, asked the UN to send 3,000 more peacekeepers to reinforce the 17,000-strong garrison in the Congo, the largest garrison of its kind. This echoed calls from Human Rights Watch and other
344:
9151:
7876:
1017:
provinces as well as the presence of foreign troops in the DRC. The deployment of UN troops was impossible due to the security situation and the reluctance of the Congolese government.
514:
510:
6214:
7519:
5149:
2231:
10160:
8175:
7181:
947:
The first liaison officers arrived in the DRC on 3 September 1999. In November 1999 the number of liaison officers totaled 55, distributed in the capitals of the warring countries (
473:
9959:
6745:
4898:
1333:, Kinshasa. Lubanga was accused of having ordered the killing of the peacekeepers in February 2005 and of orchestrating continuous insecurity in the area. On 10 February 2006, the
10210:
8504:
7457:
6657:
6346:
1082:, the military observers, within their capacities, could also contribute to the voluntary disarmament, demobilization, repatriation and reintegration process of the armed groups.
332:
9616:
8865:
8753:
7573:
7161:
5999:
1299:
improving border security through regional confidence-building mechanisms, such as the Joint Verification Mechanism, and effective patrolling and monitoring of the arms embargo;
1265:
1249:
In November 2003, a total of 10,415 peacekeepers were in the DRC, comprising infantry units, engineer units, helicopter units, logistic units, medical units and riverine units.
527:
230:
6275:
5664:
5241:
Mampilly, Zachariah (2014). "Indian peacekeeping and the performance of the United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo". In Wyss, Marco; Tardy, Thierry (eds.).
994:
release of all prisoners of war, military captives and the return of the remains, to facilitate humanitarian assistance and to assist the Facilitator of the National Dialogue.
9144:
583:
496:
6543:"Secretary-General Appoints Kim Bolduc of Canada Deputy Special Representative, United Nations Mission in Democratic Republic of Congo | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases"
5823:
1169:
The withdrawal of 7,000 Ugandan troops in April 2003 led to a deteriorating security situation in the Ituri Province, endangering the peace process. The UN Secretary General
462:
456:
451:
375:
370:
6636:
4954:
1513:
were used in an effort to halt the advance of the rebels, who claimed to be within 7 miles (11 km) of Goma. Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General for DRC
9274:
8535:
7911:
311:
9424:
8474:
8051:
7077:
7028:
5574:
8924:
7991:
7839:
5416:
1999:, against MONUSCO forces for the failure to prevent the violence of militants against civilians. According to reports, the death toll reached 56 on September 5, 2023.
1121:
and the nature of the mission of the peacekeepers changed. The military observers monitored the withdrawal of 20,000 Rwandan soldiers, but they also noted the rise of
208:
7046:
6379:
10170:
1318:
By 2005, the strength of UN peacekeeping forces in Congo reached more than 16,000 troops, split almost equally between the Western Brigade and the Eastern Division.
576:
486:
5599:
5331:
5004:
1736:, killing three Indian peace-keepers. The attack renewed calls in India to decrease the country's military presence in Congo due to growing conflict in the region.
9753:
9558:
9048:
7563:
7499:
7452:
7216:
4738:
9544:
9095:
8759:
8558:
7901:
7717:
5850:
5792:
2317:
1789:
after the national army retreated. MONUSCO troops observed without intervening, as their mandate only allowed them to protect civilians. French Foreign Minister
1407:
6188:
4931:
1599:
groups in the region, who were also asking for reinforcements to bring stability to the area. In a shared statement, the coalition of organizations stated that
10195:
8693:
8200:
7886:
7011:
5029:
438:
415:
410:
226:
9136:
1899:
Ugandan rebels ambushed a MONUSCO convoy about 7 miles (11 km) from Beni, killing two Tanzanian soldiers. Four other peacekeepers were reported missing.
8180:
7766:
7368:
2544:
2201:
432:
427:
316:
5055:
9374:
8433:
8133:
8083:
7881:
7484:
7427:
7097:
6025:
1645:
286:
186:
179:
1360:
In October 2005, by Resolution 1635, the UN Security Council authorized a temporary increase of 300 military personnel to permit a deployment to Katanga.
1089:, the Security Council launched the third phase of the deployment of MONUC troops, in the eastern DRC. The site for the logistical base was planned to be
8836:
7984:
7979:
7974:
7969:
7964:
7959:
7954:
7906:
7800:
7422:
5902:
532:
354:
2011:, DRC. The mission views the DRC as consisting of 6 sectors, each with its own staff headquarters. In 2005-6 the Eastern Division however was formed at
9434:
8190:
7871:
7749:
7328:
7274:
7191:
7107:
7092:
5718:
267:
221:
10185:
9647:
9464:
9324:
8883:
8877:
8859:
8326:
7469:
7186:
2641:
396:
340:
204:
4617:
9788:
9038:
8995:
8936:
8812:
7744:
7524:
7016:
6982:
6903:
6720:
5474:
5445:
5354:
1840:
1656:
1568:
In the immediate aftermath of the Kiwanja Massacre, the recently-appointed civilian and military heads of the UN peacekeeping force in North Kivu,
1499:
380:
156:
8735:
5978:
2018:
The approved budget for MONUC, from 1 July 2007 to 30 June 2008, is US$ 1.16 billion, the largest for any current UN peacekeeping operation.
9562:
9524:
8948:
8895:
8889:
8699:
8486:
8300:
7944:
7939:
7795:
7293:
6520:
6101:
2079:
1547:
On 4 November 2008, a 200-fighter strong Mai Mai militia force launched a surprise attack on CNDP troops in Kiwanja, a CNDP-controlled town near
1399:
1286:
1272:
1189:
1163:
1126:
1086:
1079:
941:
916:
670:
638:
634:
243:
10143:
Alliances sometimes changed dramatically over the course of the wars. Some groups may be associated with multiple, ostensibly opposed factions.
9606:
6401:
1246:
In September 2003, the Ituri brigade was in place, including soldiers from Uruguay, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Indonesia, India and Morocco.
10028:
9947:
9582:
9001:
8717:
8681:
7568:
7474:
6965:
6894:
1289:, authorized a reinforcement of 5,900 military personnel and defined the mandate with the strategic military objectives of the MONUC force as:
359:
5505:
9664:
9264:
9055:
8830:
8657:
8633:
8575:
8232:
7996:
7509:
7504:
7479:
7343:
7166:
7117:
6994:
6970:
6738:"Over Five Million Dead in Congo? Fifteen Hundred People Daily? Behind the Numbers Redux: How Truth is Hidden, Even When it Seems to Be Told"
6609:
6210:
6051:
5928:
4680:
9602:
8723:
8411:
7632:
6490:
1271:
It was decided that the troops present in the Kivus will be assembled under the unified command of a brigade. In March the Nigerian General
1174:
to maintain security in key areas of the country. Accordingly, he proposed the creation of a brigade in Ituri to support the peace process.
10190:
9746:
9504:
9304:
9033:
8954:
8853:
8669:
8627:
8261:
8195:
7739:
7226:
5157:
1706:
Rwandan soldiers infiltrated by Rwanda, with the Kabila government's support, into the national army, the Armed Forces of the DRC (FARDC).
6580:
5299:
1192:
authorized the deployment of the Interim Emergency Multinational Force (IEMF) in Bunia with a task to secure the airport and protect both
9918:
9344:
9314:
9284:
9007:
8977:
8581:
8552:
7553:
6737:
4894:
6653:
6336:
10200:
9978:
9810:
9514:
9444:
9404:
9384:
8930:
8918:
8871:
8675:
8663:
8621:
8288:
8222:
7934:
7861:
7844:
7206:
7156:
7082:
7023:
6959:
1694:(RDF) across Congo to put down the rebellion in Dongo and the operation was supported by the United Nations Observes Mission in Congo (
1154:. Observer teams monitored serious combat and human rights violations in Ituri. In April 2003, 800 Uruguayan soldiers were deployed in
5995:
5670:
5216:
4919:
COUNCIL JOINT ACTION 2006/319/CFSP of 27 April 2006 on the European Union military operation in support of the UN Mission in the Congo
1517:
explained the necessity of engaging the rebels, stating that "... can't allow population centres to be threatened... had to engage."
8687:
7580:
7288:
7067:
7006:
6267:
6078:
5954:
1803:
998:
522:
274:
1839:
authorized the deployment of an intervention brigade within MONUSCO to carry out targeted offensive operations, with or without the
1268:, which included members of rebel movements, more than 900 Tunisian and Ghanaian UN troops contributed to the security of Kinshasa.
10012:
8983:
8426:
8294:
8128:
7415:
7353:
7313:
7201:
6865:
5649:
5629:
4450:
Brussels, Kinshasa, Congo-Brazzaville and South Africa. Brown was Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Africa (1987β1989) under
1962:, North Kivu. The same day, three peacekeepers and seven civilians were killed during an attack on a MONUSCO base by protesters in
1711:
5690:
1494:
On 27 October 2008 riots began around the United Nations compound in Goma, and civilians pelted the building with rocks and threw
9739:
9716:
9354:
8587:
7102:
6955:
6885:
6633:
5643:
5623:
4951:
1663:
1592:
557:
5684:
1166:. In the same month an observer died in a mine explosion. In May 2003 two military observers were savagely killed by a militia.
9903:
9166:
9028:
8705:
8651:
8645:
7734:
7657:
7514:
7489:
6934:
6774:
The Trouble with the Congo: Local Violence and the Failure of International Peacebuilding"', Cambridge University Press, 2010.
5815:
5107:
5033:
4778:
1844:
6550:
1310:
announced that it would be sending an additional 850 troops and four combat helicopters to aid the MONUC peacekeeping effort.
887:
In addition, the following nations have contributed with police personnel: Bangladesh, Benin, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cameroon,
563:
9294:
8989:
8639:
8615:
8492:
8341:
8244:
8210:
8113:
8093:
8024:
7812:
7783:
7761:
7652:
7585:
7373:
7318:
6811:
6797:
6161:
6135:
4483:
1235:
Growing military conflict in DRC caused the United Nations to seek additional military help from major powers. In July 2003,
6309:
6244:
5406:
4810:
4568:
10057:
9935:
9691:
9554:
9414:
9217:
8971:
8165:
7788:
7558:
7144:
7129:
7112:
6682:
6459:
6369:
5384:
5085:
4842:
4438:
2391:
2309:
1651:
In October 2009, India announced a US$ 263 million aid package to Congo to help the country's information technology,
1580:
1353:
was appointed force commander in March 2005 after Spanish General Vincente Diaz de Villegas resigned for personal reasons.
1074:
6828:
10080:
8747:
8741:
8419:
8256:
8251:
7675:
7543:
7405:
7308:
7231:
7171:
5609:
5321:
5000:
2166:
936:
The origin of this second United Nations military presence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is found in the
4864:
4746:
8377:
7622:
7410:
7400:
7072:
7035:
6701:
6483:"MONUSCO Facts and Figures β United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo"
6021:
5876:
4433:
In 2007 and 2008, in several news and TV reports, the BBC published own evidence about Pakistani MONUC peacekeepers in
1852:
1812:
10022:
9592:
9334:
8729:
8362:
8046:
7778:
7647:
7378:
7358:
7298:
7283:
6779:
5274:
5250:
4928:
165:
6184:
5570:
5531:
4978:
1913:
1778:
On 15 November, MONUSCO helicopter gunships were deployed to support government forces as they fought to hold off a
9861:
9065:
8273:
7442:
4418:
2344:
2324:
1996:
1948:
1285:
Though the Secretary General had asked for an increase of 13,100 soldiers, in October 2004 the Security Council by
1031:
626:
4655:
9494:
9474:
8912:
8800:
8029:
7447:
7432:
7001:
6977:
6158:"Secretary-General Appoints Maman Sambo Sidikou of Niger Special Representative for Democratic Republic of Congo"
5059:
4589:
2383:
2298:
1974:
called for investigations as to whether the cable was shot by Congolese security forces or MONUSCO peacekeepers.
1588:
1584:
630:
116:
6513:"MONUSCO Leadership β United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo"
1655:
and railway sectors. India also renewed its military commitments to MONUC while Congo expressed its support for
9821:
9688:
9198:
7627:
7151:
7087:
6989:
4488:
2347:, 1,011 police, who were supported by 931 international civilian personnel, 2,062 local civilian staff and 585
2327:, 1,011 police, who were supported by 931 international civilian personnel, 2,062 local civilian staff and 585
2135:
1986:
1138:
of the country were shut down. Over one hundred observers were redeployed and Uruguayan contingents arrived in
500:
5898:
9897:
8441:
8321:
8239:
8160:
8118:
8078:
8006:
7687:
7612:
7597:
6926:
4939:
1475:
5846:
5788:
5715:
4455:
Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) has been worked for Anvil mining in Katanga since 2006.
1010:
8227:
8088:
6858:
5180:
1970:
were killed by electrocution after soldiers shot an electric cable which fell on them. South Kivu governor
1699:
1466:
Indian peacekeepers on duty, protecting aid workers. India was the single largest contributor of personnel.
1334:
1201:
and also in North and South Kivu, as it deemed the additional provinces to be within MONUC's capabilities,
5132:
9953:
9364:
8453:
7303:
7122:
5358:
2162:
1773:
1326:
1193:
622:
70:
7462:
6717:
5470:
5441:
2015:
and took over brigades in North Kivu, South Kivu, and Ituri, along with two or three of the Sector HQs.
9227:
9207:
9202:
8098:
8061:
8056:
7642:
7390:
7062:
6950:
6512:
5996:"International News | World News - ABC News | Casualties as Congo and UN Forces Fight Rebels"
5975:
937:
129:
4625:
1221:
10175:
10051:
7831:
7817:
7705:
7348:
7253:
7236:
6907:
4412:
2348:
2328:
2158:
1510:
618:
Mission de l'Organisation des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation en RΓ©publique dΓ©mocratique du Congo
9480:
9192:
6838:
5497:
2698:
2406:
10045:
8123:
8108:
7693:
6823:
6786:
6602:
6047:
5924:
1936:
1896:
1569:
9731:
9430:
6482:
1939:(ADF). This brought the total casualties of UN forces since the mission commenced in Congo to 93.
10165:
9340:
9108:
8068:
6851:
2387:
2343:
On 31 October 2007 MONUC had a total of 18,407 uniformed personnel, including 16,661 troops, 735
1860:
1824:
1823:
told the UN Security Council during a closed-door session that the mission plans to deploy three
1607:, particularly in the town of Kiwanja, where hundreds of civilian deaths have now been recorded."
1392:
1038:
4688:
2351:. As of June 2022, major troop contributors, in order of total number of military personnel are
2323:
Total strength, on 31 October 2007 was 18,407 uniformed personnel, including 16,661 troops, 735
1782:
attack south of Kibumba; the combined army and UN assault killed approximately 64 M23 fighters.
1293:
proactively contributing to the pacification and general improvement of security in the country;
9855:
9826:
8155:
7617:
7338:
6572:
5289:
1884:
1856:
1691:
697:
9697:
6769:
4601:
2386:
voted unanimously to reinforce MONUC with 3,085 more peacekeepers to deal with trouble in the
1971:
9815:
9075:
9070:
9043:
8382:
8354:
8346:
8143:
8041:
7754:
7196:
6917:
6785:
Joshua Kucera, "Rough Ride: UN Forces face Tough Challenges restoring stability in the DRC",
1954:
1483:
9223:
8185:
2297:
In July 2004 there were 10,531 UN soldiers under MONUC's command. On 1 October 2004, the UN
1471:
August 2008, the Indian Army had launched an official probe to look into these allegations.
1239:
announced that it would be sending an additional 300 personnel and combat aircraft from the
10110:
9843:
9798:
9701:
9174:
9060:
8372:
8336:
8331:
8283:
8014:
7263:
6048:"United Nations News Centre - DR Congo: UN chief deplores killing of Tanzanian peacekeeper"
5206:
2423:
1931:
1322:
1027:
8104:
International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World
6074:
6022:"International News | World News - ABC News | Rebels Declare Ceasefire in Congo"
5950:
4441:(FNI) militia leaders, eventually drawing Congolese army officers and Indian traders from
8:
9849:
8073:
3415:
2449:
1903:
1671:
1556:
civilians had been killed in Kiwanja in what has since been dubbed the Kiwanja Massacre.
1540:
605:
United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
18:
United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
6889:
676:
The following nations (in alphabetical order) have contributed with military personnel:
214:
9941:
8205:
6341:
5411:
5326:
5294:
5268:
2665:
As of 31 March 2022, the total number of personnel in the mission is 14,789:
1848:
1604:
1561:
1431:
contributing to the protection of civilians under imminent threat of physical violence;
249:
1752:
combat helicopters from MONUSCO and eventually cease peace-keeping operations in DRC.
8215:
8170:
8150:
8035:
7805:
7699:
7637:
7437:
6898:
6807:
6793:
6792:
Miller, Eric, "The Inability of Peacekeeping to Address the Security Dilemma," 2010.
6775:
5758:
5256:
5246:
1930:
On 8 December 2017, the Semuliki operating base, 27 miles from the town of Beni, was
1829:
1779:
1620:
1536:
1506:
1357:
contributing protection and transport. In Ituri over 15000 militiamen were disarmed.
1329:, and other militia leaders were arrested by Congolese authorities and imprisoned in
1258:
1228:
1205:
9708:
5111:
4895:"Guatemalan blue helmet deaths stir Congo debate - Democratic Republic of the Congo"
4768:
1535:
In November 2008, India announced that it would be sending the 3rd battalion of the
10075:
National Council for the Defense of Democracy β Forces for the Defense of Democracy
9804:
9792:
9767:
9656:
7771:
7711:
7681:
7363:
7057:
6542:
6157:
6131:
5872:
4478:
2525:
1843:, against armed groups that threaten peace in eastern DRC. The brigade is based in
1836:
1652:
1648:. Consequently, all of the accused personnel were let off due to lack of evidence.
1596:
1587:. The resolution, signed by 44 different organizations and with the backing of the
1495:
1451:
1240:
1094:
1014:
642:
2694:
919:(1999). UNSCR 2556 (2020) provides the authority for the current MONUSCO mandate.
9763:
9122:
7134:
6724:
6705:
6686:
6640:
6463:
6301:
6236:
5982:
5753:
5722:
4958:
4935:
4800:
4560:
2430:
2308:
On 25 February 2005, nine Bangladeshi peacekeepers were killed by members of the
2116:
2061:
1874:
A team of technicians prepares for the inaugural flight of the UAV, December 2013
1765:
1729:
1395:
and the Guatemalan public, who demanded an official inquiry into the engagement.
1125:. At the end of 2002 there were a total of 4,200 UN soldiers in the DRC. Through
1118:
990:
8396:
6833:
6679:
6456:
5925:"Tanzanian troops arrive in eastern DR Congo as part of UN intervention brigade"
5380:
5081:
4832:
10124:
9670:
9612:
9237:
9178:
8450:
6874:
6654:"Last batch of Tanzanian troops now in Goma for the Force Intervention Brigade"
4773:
4468:
4406:
4252:
3118:
2622:
2518:
2487:
2313:
2154:
1808:
1790:
1675:
1612:
1552:
1498:, claiming that the UN forces had done nothing to prevent the RCD advance. The
1479:
1414:
1403:
1279:
1209:
1198:
1177:
1159:
1122:
865:
721:
667:
Mission de l'Organisation des Nations Unies en RΓ©publique dΓ©mocratique du Congo
654:
646:
236:
39:
9420:
5553:
2301:
decided to deploy 5,900 more soldiers to Congo, although UN Secretary-General
10154:
5762:
5260:
4872:
4739:"Operation Artemis: The Lessons of the Interim Emergency Multinational Force"
4473:
4451:
4279:
2584:
2563:
2537:
2499:
2468:
2026:
1907:
1820:
1687:
869:
650:
48:
6698:
6268:"Islamist attack kills at least 15 UN peacekeepers and five soldiers in DRC"
1208:
had already shown interest in leading the operation. It soon broadened to a
9908:
9678:
9213:
8401:
8278:
8138:
7139:
6839:
Foreign Policy: Prime numbers β Soldiers of Misfortune -Mai/June 2009 issue
4036:
4009:
2929:
2634:
2419:
2364:
2171:
2097:
1918:
1388:
1350:
1213:
837:
705:
104:
9490:
4402:
International civilian employees and volunteers, and DRC nationals: 2,636
1413:
The European Council approved the launching of the EU military operation,
944:
of 6 August 1999, authorizing the deployment of a maximum of 90 officers.
10016:
10007:
8367:
8181:
Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Mandela Rules)
6402:"Two officers arrested over DR Congo crackdown as death toll rises to 56"
5527:
4974:
4421:
4090:
3847:
3091:
2394:, petitioned the council to send reinforcements to stabilize the region.
1760:
1733:
1680:
1573:
1520:
1307:
1107:
849:
793:
757:
9117:
6211:"Fourteen UN peacekeepers killed in Democratic Republic of Congo attack"
5645:
Alan Doss meets the Russian crew of a MONUC helicopter attacked in Dongo
1785:
On 20 November 2012, 23 March Movement seized the provincial capital of
1502:
also retreated under pressure from the rebel army in a "major retreat."
1296:
providing support for conflict resolution in politically volatile areas;
9712:
9674:
9660:
9300:
9290:
8268:
7333:
6716:
Human Rights Watch: UN: Tackle Wrongdoing by Peacekeepers, May 1, 2008
4716:
4647:
3496:
3253:
2767:
2603:
2360:
2302:
1524:
1425:
supporting and providing security to MONUC installations and personnel;
1170:
1151:
1143:
903:, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Sweden, Switzerland,
900:
681:
123:
9400:
6102:"Dispute over cows leaves 37 dead, 20 others injured in eastern Congo"
2693:
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
1659:. These developments helped thaw relations between the two countries.
9510:
9484:
9470:
9370:
6718:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2008/05/01/un-tackle-wrongdoing-peacekeepers
4805:
4434:
3388:
3307:
2506:
2372:
2262:
2012:
1702:. Along with RDF regulars, MONUC troops have been fighting alongside
1514:
1338:
1182:
1066:
1050:
1006:
841:
749:
741:
9350:
9330:
9320:
9310:
9270:
6182:
5749:"India's withdrawal of helicopters from Congo points to wider trend"
2410:
Ukraine aviation unit flight reconnaissance mission over North Kivu.
1462:
142:
9761:
9598:
9588:
9550:
9530:
9500:
9450:
9440:
7258:
7246:
6337:"At least 15 killed as anti-UN protests spread in eastern DR Congo"
4837:
4360:
4117:
3793:
3766:
3604:
3550:
3172:
2983:
2902:
2556:
2352:
2256:
2250:
2008:
1548:
1383:
1302:
gathering and analysing military and other information on spoilers.
1058:
1054:
972:
968:
964:
892:
853:
809:
805:
781:
773:
709:
92:
88:
9643:
9622:
9578:
9568:
9540:
9520:
9460:
9410:
9390:
9280:
9260:
1382:
In late January, a group of 80 Guatemalan Special Forces from the
10181:
United Nations operations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
10099:
9360:
8176:
Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice
6843:
6374:
5407:"A Plea from Local Organizations and Civil Society in North Kivu"
5211:
4306:
4225:
4171:
3955:
3901:
3712:
3631:
3145:
2875:
2794:
2740:
2575:
2480:
2442:
2376:
2274:
2268:
2101:
2083:
2065:
1991:
In August 2023, protesters clashed with soldiers in a protest in
1963:
1523:
personnel were asked to deploy themselves from Goma to adjoining
1418:
1217:
1062:
1046:
1042:
960:
956:
873:
861:
857:
829:
821:
801:
785:
753:
725:
693:
685:
677:
612:
4711:
1977:
In September, Ukraine withdrew its 250 troops from the mission.
1686:
Sources in Kinshasa reported that in mid-November DRC President
9990:
9912:
9454:
8794:
8782:
7323:
7241:
7211:
7176:
5813:
5133:
Uruguay officials travel to assess troops in Congo β MercoPress
4333:
4198:
4063:
3982:
3928:
3874:
3739:
3523:
3442:
3334:
3226:
3010:
2956:
2848:
2653:
2615:
2186:
2139:
1867:
government soldiers and ten UN peacekeepers were also wounded.
1330:
1278:
In June 2004, Bukavu, South Kivu was occupied by rebel general
1266:
Transitional Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1147:
1139:
952:
948:
908:
896:
881:
845:
833:
825:
817:
769:
761:
733:
713:
701:
9962:(FLC, formed from the MLC, RCD-N and RCD-ML from 2000 to 2001)
5322:"Killings in Kiwanja: The UN's Inability to Protect Civilians"
10104:
9984:
9394:
8788:
7221:
6370:"Four civilians electrocuted during Congo anti-U.N. protests"
5150:"UN peacekeepers braced for full-scale war in central Africa"
4442:
3685:
3658:
3469:
3361:
3280:
3199:
3064:
2821:
2596:
2461:
2368:
2356:
2286:
2280:
2120:
1967:
1921:(on right) in Kalemie in 2021, observing COVID-19 precautions
1749:
1703:
1695:
1667:
1636:
1447:
1236:
1155:
1111:
1090:
877:
797:
789:
765:
745:
737:
729:
717:
689:
9684:
6302:"Ukraine troops leave DR Congo peacekeeping mission Monusco"
6183:
Joe Sterling; Robyn Kriel; Eric Levenson (8 December 2017).
5001:"Thousands flee fighting as Congo rebels seize gorilla park"
10206:
1999 establishments in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
9891:
5789:"UN defends failed attempt to halt capture of Congo's Goma"
5686:
Equateur: An extra 500 MONUC troops being deployed to Dongo
5604:
4144:
3820:
3577:
3037:
1992:
1959:
1951:, Ukraine withdrew its aviation unit of eight helicopters.
1786:
1488:
1070:
904:
888:
813:
777:
6428:"Exclusive: Mgwebi's term as MONUSCO force commander ends"
5243:
Peacekeeping in Africa: The Evolving Security Architecture
1368:
659:
United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo
6468:
4437:
had entered in a gold-for-guns trading relationship with
1391:. The incident caused a significant uproar from both the
27:
UN peacekeeping force in Democratic Republic of the Congo
10161:
Military history of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
9380:
6678:
BBC News: UN troops 'traded gold for guns' 23 May 2007,
6132:"Tanzanian UN peacekeepers killed in DR Congo near Beni"
5847:"Congo rebels seize eastern city as U.N. forces look on"
2602:
Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General:
2583:
Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General:
10211:
Democratic Republic of the Congo and the United Nations
2414:
The names of the MONUSCO command staff are as follows:
1611:
Local groups in the Congo also requested help from the
5625:
Equateur: New interdisciplinary MONUC mission in Dongo
4612:
4610:
1579:
On 18 November, a draft resolution spearheaded by the
1406:
force to support MONUC during the period encompassing
645:, though much of its focus subsequently turned to the
6099:
5666:
Belgian Paratroopers To Crush Rising Congo Rebellion?
5554:"Egypt to send more than 1,325 peacekeepers to Congo"
1114:
following the explosion of a mine under his vehicle.
8134:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
8084:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
6295:
6293:
5814:
Jeffrey Gettleman and Josh Kron (20 November 2012).
5442:"Britain, France push for more U.N. troops in Congo"
5135:. Falkland-malvinas.com. Retrieved 4 September 2013.
4952:
Indian Army aviators head for Congo on UN deployment
4743:
United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations
1646:
United Nations Office of Internal Oversight Services
1450:
announced that it would be sending an additional 70
5951:"NGOs concerned about new DRC Intervention Brigade"
5495:
5355:"More peacekeepers won't bring peace to Congo β UN"
5207:"Gurkhas to join Indian troops in Congo U.N. force"
4607:
1966:. On 27 July, four protesters at a MONUSCO base in
1337:(ICC) issued an arrest warrant for Lubanga for the
8191:Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
5181:"Congo rebels reach Goma edge, declare cease-fire"
1398:On 25 April 2006, the UN Security Council adopted
1117:On 30 July 2002, the different parties signed the
9648:International Conference on the Former Yugoslavia
8327:United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights
6735:
6368:Kyala, Crispin; Bujakera, Stanis (27 July 2022).
6290:
5985:. Al Jazeera English. Retrieved 4 September 2013.
5352:
4703:
4675:
4673:
1764:Members of Uruguayan Riverine Company patrolling
1662:In December, MONUC rushed peacekeeping troops to
1438:This mission came to an end on 30 November 2006.
1243:to strengthen the UN peacekeeping effort in DRC.
10171:Politics of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
10152:
5346:
2390:. They voted after 44 organizations, led by the
1073:, and Mbandaka. A Uruguayan riverine unit and a
157:Politics of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
10105:National Union for Total Independence of Angola
9985:National Union for Total Independence of Angola
8301:World Federation of United Nations Associations
7796:Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
6697:BBC Panorama: Mission Impossible, 28 Apr 2008,
5498:"Extra 3,100 UN troops to be deployed to Congo"
5436:
5434:
2292:
1428:contributing to airport protection in Kinshasa;
942:United Nations Security Council Resolution 1258
10029:Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda
5976:UN gives ultimatum to DR Congo rebels β Africa
4670:
4583:
1410:in the DR Congo, which began on 30 July 2006.
10196:Pakistan military presence in other countries
9747:
9152:
9056:United Nations Department of Peace Operations
8427:
6859:
6680:http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6681457.stm
6367:
5716:DR Congo calls on UN to withdraw peacekeepers
5290:"A Massacre in Congo, Despite Nearby Support"
5281:
4604: (1999) Retrieved 6 September 2008.
1815:during a training exercise in Sake, July 2013
584:
10015:(RDR, alleged successor organization to the
8196:Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons
5740:
5431:
5030:"Protesters attack U.N. HQ in eastern Congo"
5024:
5022:
4712:"Europeans call for more UN troops in Congo"
2422:was appointed to lead MONUSCO and to be the
2030:Locations of MONUC units as of December 2009
1402:, authorising the temporary deployment of a
1045:. The force was deployed in four sectors at
923:India being the single largest contributor.
616:
6643:. Kitekinto.hu. Retrieved 4 September 2013.
5662:
5600:"India announces $ 263-mn credit for Congo"
5594:
5592:
5489:
5236:
5234:
5056:"U.N. gunships battle rebels in east Congo"
1434:evacuation operations in case of emergency.
1257:Deploying the Ituri brigade and conducting
641:(2000) to monitor the peace process of the
558:Democratic Republic of the Congo portal
9754:
9740:
9159:
9145:
8434:
8420:
8289:Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action
8201:UN Advisory Committee of Local Authorities
6866:
6852:
6634:Magyar katonΓ‘k kΓΌzdelme afrikai hadurakkal
6075:"SA snipers kill Congo rebels | eNCA"
5844:
5571:"Congo abuse: Army clean chit to soldiers"
5399:
4801:"DRC: India, Pakistan to Send More Troops"
591:
577:
10013:Rassemblement DΓ©mocratique pour le Rwanda
5689:, MONUC, 16 December 2009, archived from
5648:, MONUC, 12 December 2009, archived from
5628:, MONUC, 24 November 2009, archived from
5616:
5465:
5463:
5373:
5245:. London: Routledge, Taylor and Francis.
5048:
5019:
4640:
2660:
1804:United Nations Force Intervention Brigade
1482:seized a major military camp, along with
999:Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter
10186:United Nations Security Council mandates
7718:Conference on International Organization
6699:http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00b4d3j
6425:
5735:U.N. peacekeepers start Congo withdrawal
5589:
5496:Angela Balakrishnan (20 November 2008).
5287:
5240:
5231:
5204:
5143:
5141:
4969:
4967:
2405:
2025:
1912:
1869:
1807:
1759:
1461:
1421:, Germany. The mission was tasked with:
1367:
1176:
9979:Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement
9944:(RCD-K/ML or "RCD-Wamba", created 1999)
7633:Office international d'hygiène publique
6603:"UN Mission's Contributions by Country"
6299:
5873:"DR Congo M23 rebels 'enter Goma city'"
5865:
5816:"Congo Rebels Seize Provincial Capital"
5807:
4525:
4523:
2007:The headquarters of the mission are in
1679:helicopter pilot), who were brought to
1657:India's UNSC permanent seat candidature
14:
10153:
7428:Spokesperson for the Secretary-General
6615:from the original on 13 September 2018
6312:from the original on 25 September 2022
6081:from the original on 24 September 2015
5931:from the original on 28 September 2013
5663:Harmon Snow, Keith (7 December 2009),
5565:
5563:
5460:
5353:Louis Charbonneau (18 November 2008).
5058:. CNN. 28 October 2008. Archived from
5032:. CNN. 24 October 2008. Archived from
2426:'s Special Representative to the DRC.
2243:
9942:RCD-Kisangani/Mouvement de LibΓ©ration
9921:(faction of RCD-Goma created in 2002)
9735:
9140:
8415:
8342:UN television film series (1964β1966)
8094:International Narcotics Control Board
8025:Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
7813:Declaration on the Rights of Peasants
7784:Convention on the Rights of the Child
7762:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
6847:
6748:from the original on 30 November 2021
6736:Keith Harmon Snow (30 January 2008).
6523:from the original on 14 February 2015
6331:
6329:
6327:
6265:
6247:from the original on 16 November 2018
6191:from the original on 17 November 2018
6100:Crispin Kyalangalilwa (7 June 2014).
6028:from the original on 1 September 2013
5905:from the original on 14 December 2013
5899:"Rwanda opposes use of drones in DRC"
5853:from the original on 21 November 2012
5826:from the original on 20 November 2012
5795:from the original on 29 November 2012
5769:from the original on 20 December 2020
5746:
5704:3 Indian peacekeepers killed in Congo
5577:from the original on 27 February 2023
5508:from the original on 4 September 2013
5387:from the original on 20 November 2008
5200:
5198:
5147:
5138:
4964:
4901:from the original on 7 September 2018
4484:United Nations Operation in the Congo
971:) including 24 who were stationed in
10058:Nationalist and Integrationist Front
9936:Movement for the Liberation of Congo
9415:United Nations Special Service Medal
9218:United Nations Emergency Force Medal
8166:United Nations Postal Administration
7801:Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues
7520:Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
6660:from the original on 3 December 2013
6493:from the original on 15 October 2011
6300:Cyuzuzo, Samba (19 September 2022).
6278:from the original on 22 October 2018
6237:"UN peacekeepers killed in DR Congo"
6217:from the original on 8 December 2017
6164:from the original on 4 December 2016
6066:
6054:from the original on 5 November 2013
5879:from the original on 5 December 2012
5697:
5477:from the original on 9 December 2008
5448:from the original on 9 December 2008
5288:Polgreen, Lydia (11 December 2008).
5178:
5148:Philp, Catherine (30 October 2008).
5088:from the original on 28 October 2008
5007:from the original on 27 October 2008
4813:from the original on 20 October 2012
4520:
4439:Nationalist and Integrationist Front
4428:
2679:
2621:Force Commander: Lieutenant General
2310:Nationalist and Integrationist Front
2217:Ricardo Augusto Ferreira Costa Neves
1859:with the Brigade being commanded by
1454:personnel to join the MONOU effort.
1275:took over the command of the force.
53:MONUSCO deployment in September 2019
10191:Military operations involving India
7569:Permanent representatives to the UN
7458:Political and Peacebuilding Affairs
6185:"15 UN peacekeepers slain in Congo"
6138:from the original on 9 January 2016
6014:
6002:from the original on 28 August 2013
5560:
5381:"Congo rebels 'to withdraw troops'"
5205:Majumdar, Bappa (7 November 2008).
5082:"UN joins battle with Congo rebels"
4981:from the original on 9 January 2016
4975:"UN probes India 'abuses' in Congo"
4793:
4781:from the original on 9 January 2016
4710:Pop, Valentina (19 November 2008).
4709:
2338:
2021:
629:(DRC) which was established by the
515:in Democratic Republic of the Congo
24:
8378:Withdrawal from the United Nations
7564:Security Council Permanent members
6873:
6763:
6324:
6160:. United Nations. 8 October 2015.
6040:
5988:
5957:from the original on 8 August 2014
5534:from the original on 13 March 2013
5195:
5179:Faul, Michelle (29 October 2008).
4833:"DR Congo rebel faces Hague trial"
4648:"Security Council Resolution 2348"
4571:from the original on 19 April 2009
4541:from the original on 1 August 2021
2261:Sector 2 and Eastern Division HQ:
1835:In March 2013, the United Nations
1690:secretly airlifted a battalion of
940:on 17 July 1999 and the following
25:
10222:
10201:United Nations Military Observers
10023:Army for the Liberation of Rwanda
8363:United Nations in popular culture
8047:Expulsion from the United Nations
7992:General Assembly President (2016)
6817:
6583:from the original on 30 June 2019
6457:"Two DR Congo peacekeepers freed"
6382:from the original on 27 July 2022
6349:from the original on 26 July 2022
5608:, 29 October 2009, archived from
5573:. Indian Express. 13 March 2009.
5528:"DR Congo declines Indian troops"
4658:from the original on 25 June 2022
2675: Troop Contributions (Total)
1819:In January 2013 chief of MONUSCO
1683:for emergency medical treatment.
1306:Following the UN resolution, the
1123:ethnic violence in Ituri Province
895:, Ecuador, Egypt, France, Ghana,
10025:(ALiR, successor to RDR in 1997)
9707:
9696:
9683:
9669:
9655:
9642:
9621:
9611:
9597:
9587:
9577:
9567:
9549:
9539:
9529:
9519:
9509:
9499:
9489:
9479:
9469:
9459:
9449:
9439:
9429:
9419:
9409:
9399:
9389:
9379:
9369:
9359:
9349:
9339:
9329:
9319:
9309:
9299:
9289:
9279:
9269:
9259:
9236:
9222:
9212:
9197:
9168:
9116:
9103:
9102:
9089:
9066:United Nations Military Observer
8443:
8395:
6553:from the original on 9 July 2021
6426:Helfrich, K. (25 January 2018).
6266:Burke, Jason (8 December 2017).
6112:from the original on 8 June 2014
6072:
5725:, Radio Netherlands, 18 May 2011
5706:, Times of India, 19 August 2010
5471:"U.N. condemns Congo atrocities"
5419:from the original on 4 July 2022
5334:from the original on 4 July 2022
5302:from the original on 4 July 2022
5219:from the original on 4 July 2022
4845:from the original on 3 July 2015
4535:United Nations Secretary-General
4353:
4326:
4299:
4272:
4245:
4218:
4191:
4164:
4137:
4110:
4083:
4056:
4029:
4002:
3975:
3948:
3921:
3894:
3867:
3840:
3813:
3786:
3759:
3732:
3705:
3678:
3651:
3624:
3597:
3570:
3543:
3516:
3489:
3462:
3435:
3408:
3381:
3354:
3327:
3300:
3273:
3246:
3219:
3192:
3165:
3138:
3111:
3084:
3057:
3030:
3003:
2976:
2949:
2922:
2895:
2868:
2841:
2814:
2787:
2760:
2733:
2684:
2646:
2627:
2608:
2589:
2568:
2549:
2530:
2511:
2492:
2473:
2454:
2435:
2401:
1997:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1087:Security Council Resolution 1376
665:, an acronym of its French name
627:Democratic Republic of the Congo
551:
164:
47:
38:
9894:(Rwanda-Uganda backed alliance)
9175:Orders, decorations, and medals
9090:
7951:International Court of Justice
7500:Sport for Development and Peace
6729:
6710:
6691:
6672:
6646:
6627:
6595:
6573:"Troop and police contributors"
6565:
6535:
6505:
6475:
6450:
6419:
6394:
6361:
6259:
6229:
6203:
6176:
6150:
6124:
6093:
5969:
5943:
5927:. United Nations. 10 May 2013.
5917:
5891:
5845:Jonny Hogg (20 November 2012).
5838:
5781:
5728:
5709:
5677:
5656:
5636:
5546:
5520:
5314:
5172:
5126:
5100:
5074:
4993:
4961:, 17 May 2007 β 8:46:52 am
4945:
4922:
4913:
4887:
4857:
4825:
4652:United Nations Security Council
4590:United Nations Security Council
4501:
2384:United Nations Security Council
2002:
1585:United Nations Security Council
657:. The mission was known as the
631:United Nations Security Council
10111:White Legion (First Congo War)
7628:Permanent Court of Arbitration
7623:International Peace Conference
6990:International Court of Justice
5875:. BBC News. 20 November 2012.
4761:
4745:. October 2004. Archived from
4731:
4687:. 30 June 2010. Archived from
4553:
4489:2023 DRC anti-MONUSCO protests
2136:Carlos Alberto dos Santos Cruz
1987:2023 DRC anti-MONUSCO protests
1932:engaged in a protracted attack
403:Recent and upcoming elections
13:
1:
9898:Rally for Congolese Democracy
8161:Sustainable Development Goals
7688:Declaration by United Nations
7613:International Telegraph Union
5791:. Reuters. 21 November 2012.
5747:Lynch, Colum (14 June 2011).
5273:: CS1 maint: date and year (
4940:Council of the European Union
4871:. 1 July 2006. Archived from
4514:
2640:Police Commissioner: GΓ©nΓ©ral
2232:Marcos de SΓ‘ Affonso da Costa
1794:want to risk civilian lives.
1476:Rally for Congolese Democracy
1373:
1181:An IDP camp around a base in
493:Ministry for Foreign Affairs
9960:Front de LibΓ©ration du Congo
9950:(RCD-N, split from RCD-K/ML)
8089:International Criminal Court
7525:UN organizations by location
6608:. Page 5, UN. 30 June 2013.
5901:. News 24. 9 December 2013.
5556:. Reuters. 18 February 2009.
4397:
4387:
4384:
4381:
4370:
4367:
4364:
4343:
4340:
4337:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4289:
4286:
4283:
4262:
4259:
4256:
4235:
4232:
4229:
4208:
4205:
4202:
4181:
4178:
4175:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4100:
4097:
4094:
4073:
4070:
4067:
4046:
4043:
4040:
4019:
4016:
4013:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3938:
3935:
3932:
3911:
3908:
3905:
3884:
3881:
3878:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3830:
3827:
3824:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3776:
3773:
3770:
3749:
3746:
3743:
3722:
3719:
3716:
3695:
3692:
3689:
3668:
3665:
3662:
3641:
3638:
3635:
3614:
3611:
3608:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3533:
3530:
3527:
3506:
3503:
3500:
3479:
3476:
3473:
3452:
3449:
3446:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3398:
3395:
3392:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3344:
3341:
3338:
3317:
3314:
3311:
3290:
3287:
3284:
3263:
3260:
3257:
3236:
3233:
3230:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3155:
3152:
3149:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3101:
3098:
3095:
3074:
3071:
3068:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3020:
3017:
3014:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2966:
2963:
2960:
2939:
2936:
2933:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2293:Force numbers and fatalities
1700:United States Africa Command
1335:International Criminal Court
1224:(SSG) group was also added.
1194:internally displaced persons
7:
9954:Union of Congolese Patriots
8223:Security Council veto power
7530:Sexual Violence in Conflict
7453:Economic and Social Affairs
7024:Economic and Social Council
6577:United Nations Peacekeeping
4942:, accessed 13 January 2007.
4769:"Indian Air Force to Congo"
4565:United Nations Peacekeeping
4462:
2305:had asked for some 12,000.
1949:Russian invasion of Ukraine
1774:2012 East DR Congo conflict
1327:Union of Congolese Patriots
623:United Nations peacekeeping
10:
10227:
9228:United Nations Korea Medal
9208:United Nations Peace Medal
9203:Captain Mbaye Diagne Medal
9029:History of UN peacekeeping
8274:UN Memorial Cemetery Korea
8099:International Day of Peace
7581:General Assembly Observers
6904:General Assembly President
6050:. un.org. 29 August 2013.
2724:Troops and staff officers
1984:
1801:
1771:
1505:Meanwhile, United Nations
938:Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement
926:
130:Force Intervention Brigade
10141:
10123:
10090:
10081:National Liberation Front
10067:
10038:
10000:
9969:
9928:
9884:
9875:
9836:
9781:
9774:
9635:
9252:
9245:
9234:
9185:
9084:
9021:
8964:
8905:
8846:
8775:
8608:
8601:
8568:
8545:
8528:
8514:
8467:
8460:
8391:
8314:
8005:
7927:
7830:
7818:World Heritage Convention
7727:
7706:Dumbarton Oaks Conference
7668:
7605:
7596:
7542:
7416:General Assembly Building
7389:
7272:
7044:
6943:
6925:
6916:
6881:
6834:Indian Air Force in MONUC
6656:. MONUSCO. 12 June 2013.
5953:. IrinNews. 31 May 2013.
5530:. BBC. 26 November 2008.
5473:. CNN. 20 November 2008.
5444:. CNN. 19 November 2008.
5383:. BBC. 18 November 2008.
5357:. Reuters. Archived from
4957:30 September 2011 at the
4681:"MONUC Facts and Figures"
4413:United Nations Volunteers
2723:
2720:
2717:
2714:
2382:On 20 November 2008, the
2349:United Nations Volunteers
2329:United Nations Volunteers
2185:Maj Gen Bernard Commins (
1583:was presented before the
1220:, Uganda. A small 80-man
1037:In March 2001, the first
615:based on its French name
501:Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner
136:
122:
110:
98:
84:
76:
66:
58:
46:
37:
10046:Allied Democratic Forces
9713:NATO Non-Article 5 Medal
9702:NATO Non-Article 5 Medal
9127:Updated in November 2023
8124:Military Staff Committee
7463:Dag HammarskjΓΆld Library
6966:Deputy Secretary-General
6895:Deputy Secretary-General
6134:. BBC News. 6 May 2015.
5737:, The Star, 17 June 2010
5084:. BBC. 27 October 2008.
5003:. CNN. 26 October 2008.
4494:
1937:Allied Democratic Forces
1910:as head of the MONUSCO.
1897:Allied Democratic Forces
1825:unmanned aerial vehicles
1813:Tanzanian special forces
1717:
1570:Hiroute Guebre Sellassie
1372:Czech soldier in MONUC,
1264:With the arrival of the
978:
931:
333:Administrative divisions
10031:(FDLR, created in 2000)
8454:Peacekeeping Operations
8295:Woodrow Wilson Memorial
8257:UN International School
8252:UN Federal Credit Union
8233:Security Council reform
8069:Four Nations Initiative
7997:Security Council (2016)
7840:Security Council vetoes
6971:Under-Secretary-General
6685:17 October 2020 at the
5721:17 October 2012 at the
4977:. BBC. 13 August 2008.
4407:International Employees
2398:and 600 UN volunteers.
2392:French Foreign Ministry
2388:2008 Nord-Kivu conflict
1980:
1942:
1925:
1890:
1878:
1861:James Aloizi Mwakibolwa
1841:Congolese national army
1797:
1755:
1739:
1722:
1630:
1581:French Foreign Ministry
1500:Congolese national army
1457:
1441:
1393:Government of Guatemala
1363:
1313:
1252:
1132:
1100:
1020:
983:
10052:Lord's Resistance Army
9987:(UNITA, in Second War)
9938:(MLC, created in 1998)
9795:/ FARDC, after Mobutu)
9193:Dag HammarskjΓΆld Medal
8245:Security Council mural
8211:Millennium Declaration
8156:SDG Publishers Compact
7618:Universal Postal Union
4507:Acting Force Commander
2661:Contributing countries
2411:
2031:
1922:
1885:2014 South Kivu attack
1875:
1816:
1769:
1692:Rwandan Defense Forces
1609:
1589:British Foreign Office
1539:regiment to replace a
1467:
1379:
1222:Swedish Special Forces
1185:
1041:guard unit arrived in
698:Bosnia and Herzegovina
617:
544:United Nations Mission
511:Diplomatic missions of
10107:(UNITA, in First War)
9076:Women in peacekeeping
9071:United Nations Police
8383:Women in peacekeeping
8042:Drug control treaties
6787:Jane's Defence Weekly
6723:14 April 2017 at the
6704:17 April 2019 at the
5981:1 August 2013 at the
4934:20 April 2008 at the
2409:
2318:2006 general election
2029:
1958:fire at a protest in
1955:Anti-MONUSCO protests
1947:In March, due to the
1916:
1873:
1811:
1763:
1601:
1484:Virunga National Park
1465:
1408:the general elections
1371:
1227:The operation called
1180:
911:, Ukraine and Yemen.
9801:(FAA, in Second War)
9762:Armed groups in the
9061:United Nations Medal
8337:United Nations Radio
8332:United Nations Medal
8284:University for Peace
8015:Bretton Woods system
7750:governed territories
7495:Developing Countries
7406:Secretariat Building
7275:Specialized agencies
5415:. 18 November 2008.
5330:. 11 December 2008.
4561:"MONUSCO Fact Sheet"
2424:UN Secretary General
1917:The head of MONUSCO
1325:, the leader of the
1323:Thomas Lubanga Dyilo
312:Constitutional Court
71:Peacekeeping mission
10091:Government-aligned,
9846:(FAA, in First War)
9123:Politics portal
8109:International Years
8074:Genocide Convention
7510:Outer Space Affairs
7505:Disarmament Affairs
7470:Safety and Security
7411:Conference Building
7391:Secretariat offices
7036:Trusteeship Council
6789:, 13 September 2006
6770:SΓ©verine Autesserre
6462:8 July 2006 at the
6243:. 8 December 2017.
5673:on 26 December 2009
5114:on 18 November 2016
4897:. 31 January 2006.
4537:. 14 January 2021.
2545:Amos Namanga Ngongi
2450:Maman Sambo Sidikou
2244:Sector headquarters
2202:Elias Martins Filho
2036:
2035:MONUSCO commanders
1972:ThΓ©o Ngwabidje Kasi
1904:Maman Sambo Sidikou
1672:Sud-Ubangi District
1541:Sikh Light Infantry
1474:On 26 October 2008
1349:Senegalese General
117:UN Security Council
112:Parent organization
34:
8847:Asia & Pacific
8529:Asia & Pacific
8129:Official languages
7676:London Declaration
7485:Internal Oversight
7475:Palestinian Rights
7047:Funds, programmes,
6639:1 May 2016 at the
6438:on 31 January 2018
6024:. abcnews.go.com.
5998:. abcnews.go.com.
5820:The New York Times
5612:on 21 October 2012
5412:Human Rights Watch
5361:on 5 December 2008
5327:Human Rights Watch
5295:The New York Times
5183:. Associated Press
5062:on 29 October 2008
5036:on 30 October 2008
4809:. 6 October 2004.
2412:
2345:military observers
2325:military observers
2034:
2032:
1923:
1876:
1817:
1770:
1621:summary executions
1593:Mark Malloch Brown
1562:Human Rights Watch
1468:
1380:
1186:
1119:Pretoria agreement
317:Court of Cassation
32:
10148:
10147:
10119:
10118:
9871:
9870:
9768:Second Congo Wars
9729:
9728:
9725:
9724:
9636:Mandated Missions
9134:
9133:
9017:
9016:
8597:
8596:
8409:
8408:
8240:UN Art Collection
8216:Millennium Summit
8171:UN Block By Block
8151:Ralph Bunche Park
8119:UN laissez-passer
8079:UN Global Compact
8036:Delivering as One
7935:Secretary-General
7826:
7825:
7806:Indigenous Caucus
7700:Tehran Conference
7694:Moscow Conference
7669:Preparatory years
7638:League of Nations
7538:
7537:
7438:Palace of Nations
7140:UNEP/GRID-Arendal
6956:Secretary-General
6899:Amina J. Mohammed
6886:Secretary-General
6812:978-0-595-46896-6
6798:978-3-8383-4027-2
6742:allthingspass.com
4841:. 17 March 2006.
4691:on 26 August 2011
4654:. 31 March 2017.
4429:Criminal activity
4395:
4394:
2706:
2705:
2418:In January 2021,
2379:(nearly 10,000).
2241:
2240:
1902:In October 2015,
1830:March 23 Movement
1780:23 March Movement
1728:base of the 19th
1537:3rd Gorkha Rifles
1511:armoured vehicles
1496:Molotov cocktails
1259:cordon and search
1229:Operation Artemis
1206:French Government
601:
600:
528:Visa requirements
487:Foreign relations
474:Political parties
287:National Assembly
150:
149:
16:(Redirected from
10218:
10176:Second Congo War
9970:Anti-government,
9882:
9881:
9793:Mobuto Sese Seko
9779:
9778:
9756:
9749:
9742:
9733:
9732:
9711:
9700:
9687:
9673:
9659:
9646:
9625:
9615:
9601:
9591:
9581:
9571:
9553:
9543:
9533:
9523:
9513:
9503:
9493:
9483:
9473:
9463:
9453:
9443:
9433:
9423:
9413:
9403:
9393:
9383:
9373:
9363:
9353:
9343:
9333:
9323:
9313:
9303:
9293:
9283:
9273:
9263:
9250:
9249:
9240:
9226:
9216:
9201:
9173:
9172:
9171:
9161:
9154:
9147:
9138:
9137:
9121:
9120:
9106:
9105:
9093:
9092:
8606:
8605:
8465:
8464:
8461:Current missions
8449:
8447:
8446:
8436:
8429:
8422:
8413:
8412:
8402:World portal
8400:
8399:
8306:Biopiracy treaty
7892:Nagorno-Karabakh
7862:Security Council
7845:General Assembly
7772:Human Rights Day
7712:Yalta Conference
7682:Atlantic Charter
7603:
7602:
7559:Founding members
7480:Peace Operations
7364:World Bank Group
7058:Culture of Peace
7049:and other bodies
7002:Security Council
6978:General Assembly
6944:Principal organs
6923:
6922:
6890:AntΓ³nio Guterres
6868:
6861:
6854:
6845:
6844:
6758:
6757:
6755:
6753:
6733:
6727:
6714:
6708:
6695:
6689:
6676:
6670:
6669:
6667:
6665:
6650:
6644:
6631:
6625:
6624:
6622:
6620:
6614:
6607:
6599:
6593:
6592:
6590:
6588:
6569:
6563:
6562:
6560:
6558:
6539:
6533:
6532:
6530:
6528:
6509:
6503:
6502:
6500:
6498:
6479:
6473:
6454:
6448:
6447:
6445:
6443:
6434:. Archived from
6423:
6417:
6416:
6414:
6412:
6398:
6392:
6391:
6389:
6387:
6365:
6359:
6358:
6356:
6354:
6345:. 26 July 2022.
6333:
6322:
6321:
6319:
6317:
6297:
6288:
6287:
6285:
6283:
6263:
6257:
6256:
6254:
6252:
6233:
6227:
6226:
6224:
6222:
6207:
6201:
6200:
6198:
6196:
6180:
6174:
6173:
6171:
6169:
6154:
6148:
6147:
6145:
6143:
6128:
6122:
6121:
6119:
6117:
6097:
6091:
6090:
6088:
6086:
6070:
6064:
6063:
6061:
6059:
6044:
6038:
6037:
6035:
6033:
6018:
6012:
6011:
6009:
6007:
5992:
5986:
5973:
5967:
5966:
5964:
5962:
5947:
5941:
5940:
5938:
5936:
5921:
5915:
5914:
5912:
5910:
5895:
5889:
5888:
5886:
5884:
5869:
5863:
5862:
5860:
5858:
5842:
5836:
5835:
5833:
5831:
5811:
5805:
5804:
5802:
5800:
5785:
5779:
5778:
5776:
5774:
5744:
5738:
5732:
5726:
5713:
5707:
5701:
5695:
5694:
5693:on 29 April 2009
5681:
5675:
5674:
5669:, archived from
5660:
5654:
5653:
5652:on 29 April 2009
5640:
5634:
5633:
5632:on 29 April 2009
5620:
5614:
5613:
5596:
5587:
5586:
5584:
5582:
5567:
5558:
5557:
5550:
5544:
5543:
5541:
5539:
5524:
5518:
5517:
5515:
5513:
5493:
5487:
5486:
5484:
5482:
5467:
5458:
5457:
5455:
5453:
5438:
5429:
5428:
5426:
5424:
5403:
5397:
5396:
5394:
5392:
5377:
5371:
5370:
5368:
5366:
5350:
5344:
5343:
5341:
5339:
5318:
5312:
5311:
5309:
5307:
5285:
5279:
5278:
5272:
5264:
5238:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5224:
5202:
5193:
5192:
5190:
5188:
5176:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5165:
5156:. Archived from
5145:
5136:
5130:
5124:
5123:
5121:
5119:
5110:. Archived from
5104:
5098:
5097:
5095:
5093:
5078:
5072:
5071:
5069:
5067:
5052:
5046:
5045:
5043:
5041:
5026:
5017:
5016:
5014:
5012:
4997:
4991:
4990:
4988:
4986:
4971:
4962:
4949:
4943:
4926:
4920:
4917:
4911:
4910:
4908:
4906:
4891:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4880:
4861:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4850:
4829:
4823:
4822:
4820:
4818:
4797:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4786:
4777:. 10 July 2003.
4765:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4754:
4735:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4724:
4707:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4696:
4677:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4663:
4644:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4633:
4624:. Archived from
4614:
4605:
4602:S/RES/1258(1999)
4587:
4581:
4580:
4578:
4576:
4557:
4551:
4550:
4548:
4546:
4527:
4508:
4505:
4479:Second Congo War
4359:
4357:
4356:
4332:
4330:
4329:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4278:
4276:
4275:
4251:
4249:
4248:
4224:
4222:
4221:
4197:
4195:
4194:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4089:
4087:
4086:
4062:
4060:
4059:
4035:
4033:
4032:
4008:
4006:
4005:
3981:
3979:
3978:
3954:
3952:
3951:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3900:
3898:
3897:
3873:
3871:
3870:
3846:
3844:
3843:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3792:
3790:
3789:
3765:
3763:
3762:
3738:
3736:
3735:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3630:
3628:
3627:
3603:
3601:
3600:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3468:
3466:
3465:
3441:
3439:
3438:
3414:
3412:
3411:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3333:
3331:
3330:
3306:
3304:
3303:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3198:
3196:
3195:
3171:
3169:
3168:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3117:
3115:
3114:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3009:
3007:
3006:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2901:
2899:
2898:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2793:
2791:
2790:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2739:
2737:
2736:
2712:
2711:
2688:
2687:
2680:
2674:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2574:
2572:
2571:
2555:
2553:
2552:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2526:William L. Swing
2517:
2515:
2514:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2479:
2477:
2476:
2460:
2458:
2457:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2339:Staff and forces
2299:Security Council
2169:
2046:Force commanders
2037:
2033:
2022:Force commanders
1837:Security Council
1653:hydroelectricity
1635:On 17 February,
1597:humanitarian aid
1478:(RCD) forces of
1452:Indian Air Force
1378:
1375:
1241:Indian Air Force
1188:On 30 May 2003,
1095:Maniema Province
643:Second Congo War
620:
593:
586:
579:
556:
555:
554:
348:
321:Council of State
215:FΓ©lix Tshisekedi
168:
152:
151:
146:
145:
143:Official website
132:
62:30 November 1999
51:
42:
35:
31:
21:
10226:
10225:
10221:
10220:
10219:
10217:
10216:
10215:
10151:
10150:
10149:
10144:
10137:
10115:
10092:
10086:
10063:
10034:
9996:
9971:
9965:
9924:
9877:
9867:
9837:Anti-government
9832:
9775:National armies
9770:
9760:
9730:
9721:
9704:for the Balkans
9631:
9241:
9232:
9181:
9169:
9167:
9165:
9135:
9130:
9126:
9115:
9080:
9013:
8960:
8901:
8842:
8771:
8593:
8564:
8541:
8524:
8510:
8456:
8444:
8442:
8440:
8410:
8405:
8394:
8387:
8310:
8001:
7923:
7822:
7723:
7664:
7606:Preceding years
7592:
7545:
7534:
7393:and departments
7392:
7385:
7277:
7268:
7051:
7048:
7040:
6939:
6912:
6877:
6872:
6820:
6804:The peacekeeper
6802:Shabbir Ahsan,
6766:
6764:Further reading
6761:
6751:
6749:
6734:
6730:
6725:Wayback Machine
6715:
6711:
6706:Wayback Machine
6696:
6692:
6687:Wayback Machine
6677:
6673:
6663:
6661:
6652:
6651:
6647:
6641:Wayback Machine
6632:
6628:
6618:
6616:
6612:
6605:
6601:
6600:
6596:
6586:
6584:
6571:
6570:
6566:
6556:
6554:
6541:
6540:
6536:
6526:
6524:
6511:
6510:
6506:
6496:
6494:
6481:
6480:
6476:
6464:Wayback Machine
6455:
6451:
6441:
6439:
6424:
6420:
6410:
6408:
6400:
6399:
6395:
6385:
6383:
6366:
6362:
6352:
6350:
6335:
6334:
6325:
6315:
6313:
6298:
6291:
6281:
6279:
6264:
6260:
6250:
6248:
6235:
6234:
6230:
6220:
6218:
6209:
6208:
6204:
6194:
6192:
6181:
6177:
6167:
6165:
6156:
6155:
6151:
6141:
6139:
6130:
6129:
6125:
6115:
6113:
6106:Chicago Tribune
6098:
6094:
6084:
6082:
6071:
6067:
6057:
6055:
6046:
6045:
6041:
6031:
6029:
6020:
6019:
6015:
6005:
6003:
5994:
5993:
5989:
5983:Wayback Machine
5974:
5970:
5960:
5958:
5949:
5948:
5944:
5934:
5932:
5923:
5922:
5918:
5908:
5906:
5897:
5896:
5892:
5882:
5880:
5871:
5870:
5866:
5856:
5854:
5843:
5839:
5829:
5827:
5812:
5808:
5798:
5796:
5787:
5786:
5782:
5772:
5770:
5754:Washington Post
5745:
5741:
5733:
5729:
5723:Wayback Machine
5714:
5710:
5702:
5698:
5683:
5682:
5678:
5661:
5657:
5642:
5641:
5637:
5622:
5621:
5617:
5598:
5597:
5590:
5580:
5578:
5569:
5568:
5561:
5552:
5551:
5547:
5537:
5535:
5526:
5525:
5521:
5511:
5509:
5494:
5490:
5480:
5478:
5469:
5468:
5461:
5451:
5449:
5440:
5439:
5432:
5422:
5420:
5405:
5404:
5400:
5390:
5388:
5379:
5378:
5374:
5364:
5362:
5351:
5347:
5337:
5335:
5320:
5319:
5315:
5305:
5303:
5286:
5282:
5266:
5265:
5253:
5239:
5232:
5222:
5220:
5203:
5196:
5186:
5184:
5177:
5173:
5163:
5161:
5146:
5139:
5131:
5127:
5117:
5115:
5106:
5105:
5101:
5091:
5089:
5080:
5079:
5075:
5065:
5063:
5054:
5053:
5049:
5039:
5037:
5028:
5027:
5020:
5010:
5008:
4999:
4998:
4994:
4984:
4982:
4973:
4972:
4965:
4959:Wayback Machine
4950:
4946:
4936:Wayback Machine
4927:
4923:
4918:
4914:
4904:
4902:
4893:
4892:
4888:
4878:
4876:
4865:"MONUC History"
4863:
4862:
4858:
4848:
4846:
4831:
4830:
4826:
4816:
4814:
4799:
4798:
4794:
4784:
4782:
4767:
4766:
4762:
4752:
4750:
4737:
4736:
4732:
4722:
4720:
4708:
4704:
4694:
4692:
4679:
4678:
4671:
4661:
4659:
4646:
4645:
4641:
4631:
4629:
4616:
4615:
4608:
4588:
4584:
4574:
4572:
4559:
4558:
4554:
4544:
4542:
4529:
4528:
4521:
4517:
4512:
4511:
4506:
4502:
4497:
4465:
4431:
4400:
4354:
4352:
4327:
4325:
4300:
4298:
4273:
4271:
4246:
4244:
4219:
4217:
4192:
4190:
4165:
4163:
4138:
4136:
4111:
4109:
4084:
4082:
4057:
4055:
4030:
4028:
4003:
4001:
3976:
3974:
3949:
3947:
3922:
3920:
3895:
3893:
3868:
3866:
3841:
3839:
3814:
3812:
3787:
3785:
3760:
3758:
3733:
3731:
3706:
3704:
3679:
3677:
3652:
3650:
3625:
3623:
3598:
3596:
3571:
3569:
3544:
3542:
3517:
3515:
3490:
3488:
3463:
3461:
3436:
3434:
3409:
3407:
3382:
3380:
3355:
3353:
3328:
3326:
3301:
3299:
3274:
3272:
3247:
3245:
3220:
3218:
3193:
3191:
3166:
3164:
3139:
3137:
3112:
3110:
3085:
3083:
3058:
3056:
3031:
3029:
3004:
3002:
2977:
2975:
2950:
2948:
2923:
2921:
2896:
2894:
2869:
2867:
2842:
2840:
2815:
2813:
2788:
2786:
2761:
2759:
2734:
2732:
2710:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2689:
2685:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2663:
2647:
2645:
2642:Pascal Champion
2628:
2626:
2609:
2607:
2590:
2588:
2569:
2567:
2550:
2548:
2531:
2529:
2512:
2510:
2493:
2491:
2474:
2472:
2455:
2453:
2436:
2434:
2431:Leila Zerrougui
2404:
2341:
2295:
2246:
2237:1 October 2024
2157:
2117:Chander Prakash
2062:Mountaga Diallo
2024:
2005:
1989:
1983:
1945:
1928:
1893:
1881:
1806:
1800:
1776:
1766:Lake Tanganyika
1758:
1742:
1730:Kumaon Regiment
1725:
1720:
1633:
1460:
1444:
1400:Resolution 1671
1376:
1366:
1316:
1287:Resolution 1565
1255:
1164:Resolution 1484
1135:
1103:
1023:
991:Mountaga Diallo
986:
981:
934:
929:
633:in resolutions
597:
568:
564:Other countries
552:
550:
538:
537:
519:
507:
489:
479:
478:
468:
450:Gubernatorial:
444:
420:
399:
389:
388:
385:
364:
339:
335:
325:
324:
307:
299:
298:
270:
260:
259:
250:current cabinet
200:
192:
191:
182:
159:
141:
140:
128:
113:
101:
54:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
10224:
10214:
10213:
10208:
10203:
10198:
10193:
10188:
10183:
10178:
10173:
10168:
10166:Ituri conflict
10163:
10146:
10145:
10142:
10139:
10138:
10136:
10135:
10129:
10127:
10125:United Nations
10121:
10120:
10117:
10116:
10114:
10113:
10108:
10102:
10096:
10094:
10088:
10087:
10085:
10084:
10078:
10071:
10069:
10065:
10064:
10062:
10061:
10055:
10049:
10042:
10040:
10036:
10035:
10033:
10032:
10026:
10020:
10010:
10004:
10002:
9998:
9997:
9995:
9994:
9988:
9982:
9975:
9973:
9967:
9966:
9964:
9963:
9957:
9951:
9945:
9939:
9932:
9930:
9929:Uganda-aligned
9926:
9925:
9923:
9922:
9916:
9915:in South Kivu)
9906:
9901:
9895:
9888:
9886:
9885:Rwanda-aligned
9879:
9873:
9872:
9869:
9868:
9866:
9865:
9859:
9853:
9847:
9840:
9838:
9834:
9833:
9831:
9830:
9824:
9819:
9813:
9808:
9802:
9796:
9785:
9783:
9782:Pro-government
9776:
9772:
9771:
9759:
9758:
9751:
9744:
9736:
9727:
9726:
9723:
9722:
9720:
9719:
9705:
9694:
9681:
9667:
9653:
9639:
9637:
9633:
9632:
9630:
9629:
9619:
9609:
9595:
9585:
9575:
9565:
9547:
9537:
9527:
9517:
9507:
9497:
9487:
9477:
9467:
9457:
9447:
9437:
9427:
9417:
9407:
9397:
9387:
9377:
9367:
9357:
9347:
9337:
9327:
9317:
9307:
9297:
9287:
9277:
9267:
9256:
9254:
9247:
9243:
9242:
9235:
9233:
9231:
9230:
9220:
9210:
9205:
9195:
9189:
9187:
9183:
9182:
9179:United Nations
9164:
9163:
9156:
9149:
9141:
9132:
9131:
9129:
9128:
9112:
9099:
9085:
9082:
9081:
9079:
9078:
9073:
9068:
9063:
9058:
9053:
9052:
9051:
9049:Latin American
9046:
9041:
9036:
9025:
9023:
9019:
9018:
9015:
9014:
9012:
9011:
9005:
8999:
8993:
8987:
8981:
8975:
8968:
8966:
8962:
8961:
8959:
8958:
8952:
8946:
8940:
8934:
8928:
8922:
8916:
8909:
8907:
8903:
8902:
8900:
8899:
8893:
8887:
8881:
8875:
8869:
8863:
8857:
8850:
8848:
8844:
8843:
8841:
8840:
8834:
8828:
8822:
8816:
8810:
8804:
8798:
8792:
8786:
8779:
8777:
8773:
8772:
8770:
8769:
8763:
8757:
8751:
8745:
8739:
8733:
8727:
8721:
8715:
8709:
8703:
8697:
8691:
8685:
8679:
8673:
8667:
8661:
8655:
8649:
8643:
8637:
8631:
8625:
8619:
8612:
8610:
8603:
8599:
8598:
8595:
8594:
8592:
8591:
8585:
8579:
8572:
8570:
8566:
8565:
8563:
8562:
8556:
8549:
8547:
8543:
8542:
8540:
8539:
8532:
8530:
8526:
8525:
8523:
8522:
8518:
8516:
8512:
8511:
8509:
8508:
8502:
8496:
8490:
8484:
8478:
8471:
8469:
8462:
8458:
8457:
8451:United Nations
8439:
8438:
8431:
8424:
8416:
8407:
8406:
8392:
8389:
8388:
8386:
8385:
8380:
8375:
8370:
8365:
8360:
8352:
8344:
8339:
8334:
8329:
8324:
8318:
8316:
8312:
8311:
8309:
8308:
8303:
8298:
8291:
8286:
8281:
8276:
8271:
8266:
8265:
8264:
8254:
8249:
8248:
8247:
8237:
8236:
8235:
8225:
8220:
8219:
8218:
8208:
8203:
8198:
8193:
8188:
8183:
8178:
8173:
8168:
8163:
8158:
8153:
8148:
8147:
8146:
8136:
8131:
8126:
8121:
8116:
8111:
8106:
8101:
8096:
8091:
8086:
8081:
8076:
8071:
8066:
8065:
8064:
8054:
8049:
8044:
8039:
8032:
8027:
8022:
8017:
8011:
8009:
8003:
8002:
8000:
7999:
7994:
7989:
7988:
7987:
7982:
7977:
7972:
7967:
7962:
7957:
7949:
7948:
7947:
7942:
7931:
7929:
7925:
7924:
7922:
7921:
7920:
7919:
7914:
7912:Western Sahara
7909:
7904:
7899:
7894:
7889:
7884:
7879:
7874:
7869:
7859:
7858:
7857:
7852:
7842:
7836:
7834:
7828:
7827:
7824:
7823:
7821:
7820:
7815:
7810:
7809:
7808:
7803:
7793:
7792:
7791:
7781:
7776:
7775:
7774:
7769:
7759:
7758:
7757:
7752:
7747:
7742:
7731:
7729:
7725:
7724:
7722:
7721:
7715:
7709:
7703:
7697:
7691:
7685:
7679:
7672:
7670:
7666:
7665:
7663:
7662:
7661:
7660:
7655:
7650:
7645:
7635:
7630:
7625:
7620:
7615:
7609:
7607:
7600:
7594:
7593:
7591:
7590:
7589:
7588:
7586:European Union
7578:
7577:
7576:
7566:
7561:
7556:
7550:
7548:
7540:
7539:
7536:
7535:
7533:
7532:
7527:
7522:
7517:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7467:
7466:
7465:
7455:
7450:
7445:
7440:
7435:
7430:
7425:
7423:Envoy on Youth
7420:
7419:
7418:
7413:
7408:
7397:
7395:
7387:
7386:
7384:
7383:
7382:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7326:
7321:
7316:
7311:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7280:
7278:
7273:
7270:
7269:
7267:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7250:
7249:
7244:
7234:
7229:
7224:
7219:
7214:
7209:
7204:
7199:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7174:
7169:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7148:
7147:
7142:
7137:
7127:
7126:
7125:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7054:
7052:
7045:
7042:
7041:
7039:
7038:
7033:
7032:
7031:
7021:
7020:
7019:
7014:
7009:
6999:
6998:
6997:
6987:
6986:
6985:
6975:
6974:
6973:
6968:
6963:
6947:
6945:
6941:
6940:
6938:
6937:
6931:
6929:
6920:
6914:
6913:
6911:
6910:
6908:Dennis Francis
6901:
6892:
6882:
6879:
6878:
6875:United Nations
6871:
6870:
6863:
6856:
6848:
6842:
6841:
6836:
6831:
6826:
6819:
6818:External links
6816:
6815:
6814:
6800:
6790:
6783:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6759:
6728:
6709:
6690:
6671:
6645:
6626:
6594:
6564:
6534:
6504:
6474:
6472:, 27 June 2006
6449:
6418:
6393:
6360:
6323:
6289:
6258:
6228:
6202:
6175:
6149:
6123:
6092:
6065:
6039:
6013:
5987:
5968:
5942:
5916:
5890:
5864:
5837:
5806:
5780:
5739:
5727:
5708:
5696:
5676:
5655:
5635:
5615:
5588:
5559:
5545:
5519:
5488:
5459:
5430:
5398:
5372:
5345:
5313:
5280:
5251:
5230:
5194:
5171:
5160:on 29 May 2010
5137:
5125:
5099:
5073:
5047:
5018:
4992:
4963:
4944:
4929:EUFOR RD Congo
4921:
4912:
4886:
4875:on 8 July 2006
4856:
4824:
4792:
4774:BBC World News
4760:
4749:on 5 June 2011
4730:
4702:
4685:United Nations
4669:
4639:
4628:on 23 May 2017
4622:United Nations
4606:
4582:
4552:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4510:
4509:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4469:Ituri conflict
4464:
4461:
4430:
4427:
4426:
4425:
4416:
4410:
4399:
4396:
4393:
4392:
4389:
4386:
4383:
4380:
4376:
4375:
4372:
4369:
4366:
4363:
4349:
4348:
4345:
4342:
4339:
4336:
4322:
4321:
4318:
4315:
4312:
4309:
4295:
4294:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4282:
4268:
4267:
4264:
4261:
4258:
4255:
4253:United Kingdom
4241:
4240:
4237:
4234:
4231:
4228:
4214:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4201:
4187:
4186:
4183:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4160:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4133:
4132:
4129:
4126:
4123:
4120:
4106:
4105:
4102:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4079:
4078:
4075:
4072:
4069:
4066:
4052:
4051:
4048:
4045:
4042:
4039:
4025:
4024:
4021:
4018:
4015:
4012:
3998:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3971:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3944:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3917:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3904:
3890:
3889:
3886:
3883:
3880:
3877:
3863:
3862:
3859:
3856:
3853:
3850:
3836:
3835:
3832:
3829:
3826:
3823:
3809:
3808:
3805:
3802:
3799:
3796:
3782:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3755:
3754:
3751:
3748:
3745:
3742:
3728:
3727:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3715:
3701:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3674:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3661:
3647:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3620:
3619:
3616:
3613:
3610:
3607:
3593:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3566:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3539:
3538:
3535:
3532:
3529:
3526:
3512:
3511:
3508:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3485:
3484:
3481:
3478:
3475:
3472:
3458:
3457:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3431:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3418:
3404:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3377:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3350:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3340:
3337:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3296:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3269:
3268:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3242:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3215:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3188:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3161:
3160:
3157:
3154:
3151:
3148:
3134:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3124:
3121:
3119:Czech Republic
3107:
3106:
3103:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3080:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3053:
3052:
3049:
3046:
3043:
3040:
3026:
3025:
3022:
3019:
3016:
3013:
2999:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2972:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2945:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2891:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2864:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2837:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2824:
2810:
2809:
2806:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2783:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2756:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2704:
2703:
2692:
2690:
2683:
2678:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2657:
2638:
2623:Derrick Mgwebi
2619:
2600:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2560:
2541:
2522:
2519:United Kingdom
2503:
2488:Roger A. Meece
2484:
2465:
2446:
2403:
2400:
2340:
2337:
2314:Ituri province
2294:
2291:
2290:
2289:
2283:
2277:
2271:
2265:
2259:
2253:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2235:
2228:
2224:
2223:
2220:
2213:
2209:
2208:
2205:
2198:
2194:
2193:
2190:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2155:Derrick Mgwebi
2151:
2150:December 2015
2147:
2146:
2145:December 2015
2143:
2132:
2128:
2127:
2124:
2113:
2109:
2108:
2105:
2095:
2094:February 2005
2091:
2090:
2089:February 2005
2087:
2077:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2023:
2020:
2004:
2001:
1982:
1979:
1944:
1941:
1927:
1924:
1892:
1889:
1880:
1877:
1799:
1796:
1791:Laurent Fabius
1772:Main article:
1757:
1754:
1741:
1738:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1676:a new conflict
1632:
1629:
1613:European Union
1553:Bosco Ntaganda
1480:Laurent Nkunda
1459:
1456:
1443:
1440:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1415:EUFOR RD Congo
1404:European Union
1365:
1362:
1315:
1312:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1280:Laurent Nkunda
1254:
1251:
1210:European Union
1199:Ituri District
1160:Ituri Province
1134:
1131:
1102:
1099:
1053:, Kalemie and
1032:Ugandan forces
1022:
1019:
985:
982:
980:
977:
933:
930:
928:
925:
866:United Kingdom
722:Czech Republic
655:Dongo conflict
647:Ituri conflict
599:
598:
596:
595:
588:
581:
573:
570:
569:
567:
566:
560:
547:
546:
540:
539:
536:
535:
530:
525:
518:
517:
506:
505:
504:
503:
490:
485:
484:
481:
480:
477:
476:
471:
470:
469:
467:
466:
459:
454:
447:
445:
443:
442:
435:
430:
423:
421:
419:
418:
413:
406:
400:
395:
394:
391:
390:
387:
386:
384:
383:
378:
373:
367:
365:
363:
362:
357:
351:
349:
336:
331:
330:
327:
326:
323:
322:
319:
314:
308:
305:
304:
301:
300:
297:
296:
295:
294:
284:
283:
282:
271:
266:
265:
262:
261:
258:
257:
256:
255:
254:
253:
241:
240:
239:
237:Judith Suminwa
227:Prime Minister
219:
218:
217:
201:
198:
197:
194:
193:
190:
189:
183:
178:
177:
174:
173:
170:
169:
161:
160:
155:
148:
147:
138:
134:
133:
126:
120:
119:
114:
111:
108:
107:
102:
99:
96:
95:
86:
82:
81:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
52:
44:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10223:
10212:
10209:
10207:
10204:
10202:
10199:
10197:
10194:
10192:
10189:
10187:
10184:
10182:
10179:
10177:
10174:
10172:
10169:
10167:
10164:
10162:
10159:
10158:
10156:
10140:
10134:
10131:
10130:
10128:
10126:
10122:
10112:
10109:
10106:
10103:
10101:
10098:
10097:
10095:
10089:
10083:(FLN/FROLINA)
10082:
10079:
10076:
10073:
10072:
10070:
10066:
10059:
10056:
10053:
10050:
10047:
10044:
10043:
10041:
10037:
10030:
10027:
10024:
10021:
10018:
10014:
10011:
10009:
10006:
10005:
10003:
9999:
9992:
9989:
9986:
9983:
9980:
9977:
9976:
9974:
9968:
9961:
9958:
9955:
9952:
9949:
9946:
9943:
9940:
9937:
9934:
9933:
9931:
9927:
9920:
9917:
9914:
9910:
9907:
9905:
9902:
9899:
9896:
9893:
9890:
9889:
9887:
9883:
9880:
9874:
9863:
9860:
9857:
9854:
9851:
9848:
9845:
9842:
9841:
9839:
9835:
9828:
9825:
9823:
9820:
9817:
9814:
9812:
9809:
9806:
9803:
9800:
9797:
9794:
9790:
9787:
9786:
9784:
9780:
9777:
9773:
9769:
9765:
9757:
9752:
9750:
9745:
9743:
9738:
9737:
9734:
9718:
9714:
9710:
9706:
9703:
9699:
9695:
9693:
9690:
9686:
9682:
9680:
9676:
9672:
9668:
9666:
9662:
9658:
9654:
9652:
9649:
9645:
9641:
9640:
9638:
9634:
9628:
9624:
9620:
9618:
9614:
9610:
9608:
9604:
9600:
9596:
9594:
9590:
9586:
9584:
9580:
9576:
9574:
9570:
9566:
9564:
9560:
9556:
9552:
9548:
9546:
9542:
9538:
9536:
9532:
9528:
9526:
9522:
9518:
9516:
9512:
9508:
9506:
9502:
9498:
9496:
9492:
9488:
9486:
9482:
9478:
9476:
9472:
9468:
9466:
9462:
9458:
9456:
9452:
9448:
9446:
9442:
9438:
9436:
9432:
9428:
9426:
9422:
9418:
9416:
9412:
9408:
9406:
9402:
9398:
9396:
9392:
9388:
9386:
9382:
9378:
9376:
9372:
9368:
9366:
9362:
9358:
9356:
9352:
9348:
9346:
9342:
9338:
9336:
9332:
9328:
9326:
9322:
9318:
9316:
9312:
9308:
9306:
9302:
9298:
9296:
9292:
9288:
9286:
9282:
9278:
9276:
9272:
9268:
9266:
9262:
9258:
9257:
9255:
9251:
9248:
9244:
9239:
9229:
9225:
9221:
9219:
9215:
9211:
9209:
9206:
9204:
9200:
9196:
9194:
9191:
9190:
9188:
9184:
9180:
9176:
9162:
9157:
9155:
9150:
9148:
9143:
9142:
9139:
9125:
9124:
9119:
9113:
9111:
9110:
9100:
9098:
9097:
9087:
9086:
9083:
9077:
9074:
9072:
9069:
9067:
9064:
9062:
9059:
9057:
9054:
9050:
9047:
9045:
9042:
9040:
9037:
9035:
9032:
9031:
9030:
9027:
9026:
9024:
9020:
9009:
9006:
9003:
9000:
8997:
8994:
8991:
8988:
8985:
8982:
8979:
8976:
8973:
8970:
8969:
8967:
8963:
8956:
8953:
8950:
8947:
8944:
8941:
8938:
8935:
8932:
8929:
8926:
8923:
8920:
8917:
8914:
8911:
8910:
8908:
8904:
8897:
8894:
8891:
8888:
8885:
8882:
8879:
8876:
8873:
8870:
8867:
8864:
8861:
8858:
8855:
8852:
8851:
8849:
8845:
8838:
8835:
8832:
8829:
8826:
8823:
8820:
8817:
8814:
8811:
8808:
8805:
8802:
8799:
8796:
8793:
8790:
8787:
8784:
8781:
8780:
8778:
8774:
8767:
8764:
8761:
8758:
8755:
8752:
8749:
8746:
8743:
8740:
8737:
8734:
8731:
8728:
8725:
8722:
8719:
8716:
8713:
8710:
8707:
8704:
8701:
8698:
8695:
8692:
8689:
8686:
8683:
8680:
8677:
8674:
8671:
8668:
8665:
8662:
8659:
8656:
8653:
8650:
8647:
8644:
8641:
8638:
8635:
8632:
8629:
8626:
8623:
8620:
8617:
8614:
8613:
8611:
8607:
8604:
8602:Past missions
8600:
8589:
8586:
8583:
8580:
8577:
8574:
8573:
8571:
8567:
8560:
8557:
8554:
8551:
8550:
8548:
8544:
8537:
8534:
8533:
8531:
8527:
8520:
8519:
8517:
8513:
8506:
8503:
8500:
8497:
8494:
8491:
8488:
8485:
8482:
8479:
8476:
8473:
8472:
8470:
8466:
8463:
8459:
8455:
8452:
8437:
8432:
8430:
8425:
8423:
8418:
8417:
8414:
8404:
8403:
8398:
8390:
8384:
8381:
8379:
8376:
8374:
8371:
8369:
8366:
8364:
8361:
8359:
8357:
8353:
8351:
8349:
8345:
8343:
8340:
8338:
8335:
8333:
8330:
8328:
8325:
8323:
8320:
8319:
8317:
8313:
8307:
8304:
8302:
8299:
8297:
8296:
8292:
8290:
8287:
8285:
8282:
8280:
8277:
8275:
8272:
8270:
8267:
8263:
8260:
8259:
8258:
8255:
8253:
8250:
8246:
8243:
8242:
8241:
8238:
8234:
8231:
8230:
8229:
8226:
8224:
8221:
8217:
8214:
8213:
8212:
8209:
8207:
8204:
8202:
8199:
8197:
8194:
8192:
8189:
8187:
8186:Treaty Series
8184:
8182:
8179:
8177:
8174:
8172:
8169:
8167:
8164:
8162:
8159:
8157:
8154:
8152:
8149:
8145:
8142:
8141:
8140:
8137:
8135:
8132:
8130:
8127:
8125:
8122:
8120:
8117:
8115:
8112:
8110:
8107:
8105:
8102:
8100:
8097:
8095:
8092:
8090:
8087:
8085:
8082:
8080:
8077:
8075:
8072:
8070:
8067:
8063:
8060:
8059:
8058:
8055:
8053:
8050:
8048:
8045:
8043:
8040:
8038:
8037:
8033:
8031:
8028:
8026:
8023:
8021:
8018:
8016:
8013:
8012:
8010:
8008:
8004:
7998:
7995:
7993:
7990:
7986:
7983:
7981:
7978:
7976:
7973:
7971:
7968:
7966:
7963:
7961:
7958:
7956:
7953:
7952:
7950:
7946:
7943:
7941:
7938:
7937:
7936:
7933:
7932:
7930:
7926:
7918:
7915:
7913:
7910:
7908:
7905:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7865:
7864:
7863:
7860:
7856:
7853:
7851:
7848:
7847:
7846:
7843:
7841:
7838:
7837:
7835:
7833:
7829:
7819:
7816:
7814:
7811:
7807:
7804:
7802:
7799:
7798:
7797:
7794:
7790:
7787:
7786:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7777:
7773:
7770:
7768:
7765:
7764:
7763:
7760:
7756:
7753:
7751:
7748:
7746:
7743:
7741:
7738:
7737:
7736:
7733:
7732:
7730:
7726:
7719:
7716:
7713:
7710:
7707:
7704:
7701:
7698:
7695:
7692:
7689:
7686:
7683:
7680:
7677:
7674:
7673:
7671:
7667:
7659:
7656:
7654:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7641:
7640:
7639:
7636:
7634:
7631:
7629:
7626:
7624:
7621:
7619:
7616:
7614:
7611:
7610:
7608:
7604:
7601:
7599:
7595:
7587:
7584:
7583:
7582:
7579:
7575:
7572:
7571:
7570:
7567:
7565:
7562:
7560:
7557:
7555:
7552:
7551:
7549:
7547:
7546:and observers
7541:
7531:
7528:
7526:
7523:
7521:
7518:
7516:
7513:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7503:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7490:Legal Affairs
7488:
7486:
7483:
7481:
7478:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7464:
7461:
7460:
7459:
7456:
7454:
7451:
7449:
7446:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7434:
7431:
7429:
7426:
7424:
7421:
7417:
7414:
7412:
7409:
7407:
7404:
7403:
7402:
7399:
7398:
7396:
7394:
7388:
7380:
7377:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7366:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7322:
7320:
7317:
7315:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7282:
7281:
7279:
7276:
7271:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7248:
7245:
7243:
7240:
7239:
7238:
7235:
7233:
7230:
7228:
7225:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7215:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7200:
7198:
7195:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7146:
7143:
7141:
7138:
7136:
7133:
7132:
7131:
7128:
7124:
7121:
7120:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7099:
7096:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7084:
7081:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7043:
7037:
7034:
7030:
7027:
7026:
7025:
7022:
7018:
7015:
7013:
7010:
7008:
7005:
7004:
7003:
7000:
6996:
6993:
6992:
6991:
6988:
6984:
6981:
6980:
6979:
6976:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6961:
6957:
6954:
6953:
6952:
6949:
6948:
6946:
6942:
6936:
6933:
6932:
6930:
6928:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6915:
6909:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6896:
6893:
6891:
6887:
6884:
6883:
6880:
6876:
6869:
6864:
6862:
6857:
6855:
6850:
6849:
6846:
6840:
6837:
6835:
6832:
6830:
6829:UN MONUC site
6827:
6825:
6824:Official site
6822:
6821:
6813:
6809:
6805:
6801:
6799:
6795:
6791:
6788:
6784:
6782:
6781:
6780:9780521156011
6777:
6771:
6768:
6767:
6747:
6743:
6739:
6732:
6726:
6722:
6719:
6713:
6707:
6703:
6700:
6694:
6688:
6684:
6681:
6675:
6659:
6655:
6649:
6642:
6638:
6635:
6630:
6611:
6604:
6598:
6582:
6578:
6574:
6568:
6552:
6548:
6544:
6538:
6522:
6518:
6514:
6508:
6492:
6488:
6484:
6478:
6471:
6470:
6465:
6461:
6458:
6453:
6437:
6433:
6429:
6422:
6407:
6403:
6397:
6381:
6377:
6376:
6371:
6364:
6348:
6344:
6343:
6338:
6332:
6330:
6328:
6311:
6307:
6303:
6296:
6294:
6277:
6273:
6269:
6262:
6246:
6242:
6238:
6232:
6216:
6212:
6206:
6190:
6186:
6179:
6163:
6159:
6153:
6137:
6133:
6127:
6111:
6107:
6103:
6096:
6080:
6076:
6069:
6053:
6049:
6043:
6027:
6023:
6017:
6001:
5997:
5991:
5984:
5980:
5977:
5972:
5956:
5952:
5946:
5930:
5926:
5920:
5904:
5900:
5894:
5878:
5874:
5868:
5852:
5848:
5841:
5825:
5821:
5817:
5810:
5794:
5790:
5784:
5768:
5764:
5760:
5756:
5755:
5750:
5743:
5736:
5731:
5724:
5720:
5717:
5712:
5705:
5700:
5692:
5688:
5687:
5680:
5672:
5668:
5667:
5659:
5651:
5647:
5646:
5639:
5631:
5627:
5626:
5619:
5611:
5607:
5606:
5601:
5595:
5593:
5576:
5572:
5566:
5564:
5555:
5549:
5533:
5529:
5523:
5507:
5503:
5499:
5492:
5476:
5472:
5466:
5464:
5447:
5443:
5437:
5435:
5418:
5414:
5413:
5408:
5402:
5386:
5382:
5376:
5360:
5356:
5349:
5333:
5329:
5328:
5323:
5317:
5301:
5297:
5296:
5291:
5284:
5276:
5270:
5262:
5258:
5254:
5252:9781317913665
5248:
5244:
5237:
5235:
5218:
5214:
5213:
5208:
5201:
5199:
5182:
5175:
5159:
5155:
5151:
5144:
5142:
5134:
5129:
5113:
5109:
5103:
5087:
5083:
5077:
5061:
5057:
5051:
5035:
5031:
5025:
5023:
5006:
5002:
4996:
4980:
4976:
4970:
4968:
4960:
4956:
4953:
4948:
4941:
4937:
4933:
4930:
4925:
4916:
4900:
4896:
4890:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4860:
4844:
4840:
4839:
4834:
4828:
4812:
4808:
4807:
4802:
4796:
4780:
4776:
4775:
4770:
4764:
4748:
4744:
4740:
4734:
4719:
4718:
4713:
4706:
4690:
4686:
4682:
4676:
4674:
4657:
4653:
4649:
4643:
4627:
4623:
4619:
4613:
4611:
4603:
4599:
4595:
4591:
4586:
4570:
4566:
4562:
4556:
4540:
4536:
4532:
4526:
4524:
4519:
4504:
4500:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4474:Kivu conflict
4472:
4470:
4467:
4466:
4460:
4456:
4453:
4452:George Shultz
4447:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4414:
4411:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4403:
4390:
4378:
4377:
4373:
4362:
4351:
4350:
4346:
4335:
4324:
4323:
4319:
4308:
4297:
4296:
4292:
4281:
4280:United States
4270:
4269:
4265:
4254:
4243:
4242:
4238:
4227:
4216:
4215:
4211:
4200:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4173:
4162:
4161:
4157:
4146:
4135:
4134:
4130:
4119:
4108:
4107:
4103:
4092:
4081:
4080:
4076:
4065:
4054:
4053:
4049:
4038:
4027:
4026:
4022:
4011:
4000:
3999:
3995:
3984:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3957:
3946:
3945:
3941:
3930:
3919:
3918:
3914:
3903:
3892:
3891:
3887:
3876:
3865:
3864:
3860:
3849:
3838:
3837:
3833:
3822:
3811:
3810:
3806:
3795:
3784:
3783:
3779:
3768:
3757:
3756:
3752:
3741:
3730:
3729:
3725:
3714:
3703:
3702:
3698:
3687:
3676:
3675:
3671:
3660:
3649:
3648:
3644:
3633:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3606:
3595:
3594:
3590:
3579:
3568:
3567:
3563:
3552:
3541:
3540:
3536:
3525:
3514:
3513:
3509:
3498:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3471:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3444:
3433:
3432:
3428:
3417:
3406:
3405:
3401:
3390:
3379:
3378:
3374:
3363:
3352:
3351:
3347:
3336:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3309:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3282:
3271:
3270:
3266:
3255:
3244:
3243:
3239:
3228:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3201:
3190:
3189:
3185:
3174:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3147:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3120:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3093:
3082:
3081:
3077:
3066:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3039:
3028:
3027:
3023:
3012:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2985:
2974:
2973:
2969:
2958:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2931:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2904:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2877:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2850:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2823:
2812:
2811:
2807:
2796:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2769:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2742:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2713:
2700:
2699:MediaWiki.org
2696:
2691:
2682:
2681:
2666:
2655:
2643:
2639:
2636:
2624:
2620:
2617:
2605:
2601:
2598:
2586:
2585:Abdallah Wafy
2582:
2577:
2565:
2564:Kamel Morjane
2561:
2558:
2546:
2542:
2539:
2538:United States
2527:
2523:
2520:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2500:United States
2489:
2485:
2482:
2470:
2469:Martin Kobler
2466:
2463:
2451:
2447:
2444:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2408:
2402:Command staff
2399:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2380:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2346:
2336:
2332:
2330:
2326:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2306:
2304:
2300:
2288:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2258:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2247:
2236:
2233:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2212:January 2020
2211:
2210:
2207:January 2020
2206:
2203:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2184:
2182:January 2018
2181:
2180:
2177:January 2018
2176:
2173:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2085:
2081:
2080:Samaila Iliya
2078:
2076:January 2004
2075:
2074:
2071:January 2004
2070:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2028:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1988:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1950:
1940:
1938:
1933:
1920:
1915:
1911:
1909:
1908:Martin Kobler
1905:
1900:
1898:
1895:In May 2015,
1888:
1886:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1863:of Tanzania.
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1833:
1831:
1826:
1822:
1821:Herve Ladsous
1814:
1810:
1805:
1795:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1781:
1775:
1767:
1762:
1753:
1751:
1746:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1715:
1713:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1688:Joseph Kabila
1684:
1682:
1677:
1673:
1670:territory of
1669:
1665:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1649:
1647:
1641:
1638:
1628:
1624:
1622:
1616:
1614:
1608:
1606:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1503:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1490:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1472:
1464:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1446:In May 2007,
1439:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1370:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1352:
1347:
1343:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1311:
1309:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1283:
1281:
1276:
1274:
1273:Samaila Iliya
1269:
1267:
1262:
1260:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1230:
1225:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1200:
1195:
1191:
1184:
1179:
1175:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1083:
1081:
1076:
1075:South African
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1002:
1000:
997:Acting under
995:
992:
976:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
945:
943:
939:
924:
920:
918:
912:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
885:
883:
879:
875:
871:
870:United States
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
674:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
651:Kivu conflict
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
625:force in the
624:
619:
614:
610:
606:
594:
589:
587:
582:
580:
575:
574:
572:
571:
565:
562:
561:
559:
549:
548:
545:
542:
541:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
520:
516:
512:
509:
508:
502:
498:
495:
494:
492:
491:
488:
483:
482:
475:
472:
465:
464:
460:
458:
455:
453:
449:
448:
446:
441:
440:
436:
434:
431:
429:
425:
424:
422:
417:
414:
412:
408:
407:
405:
404:
402:
401:
398:
393:
392:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
368:
366:
361:
358:
356:
353:
352:
350:
346:
342:
338:
337:
334:
329:
328:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
309:
303:
302:
293:
290:
289:
288:
285:
281:
278:
277:
276:
273:
272:
269:
264:
263:
251:
247:
246:
245:
242:
238:
235:
234:
232:
228:
225:
224:
223:
220:
216:
213:
212:
210:
206:
203:
202:
196:
195:
188:
185:
184:
181:
176:
175:
172:
171:
167:
163:
162:
158:
154:
153:
144:
139:
135:
131:
127:
125:
121:
118:
115:
109:
106:
103:
97:
94:
90:
87:
83:
79:
75:
72:
69:
65:
61:
57:
50:
45:
41:
36:
30:
19:
10132:
10068:Anti-Burundi
9948:RCD-National
9909:Banyamulenge
9878:rebel groups
9876:Militias and
9791:(FAZ, under
9626:
9114:
9101:
9088:
8393:
8355:
8347:
8293:
8139:Peacekeeping
8114:Interpreters
8034:
7735:Peacekeeping
7653:organization
7554:Full members
7515:Partnerships
7401:Headquarters
7123:peacekeeping
6803:
6773:
6750:. Retrieved
6741:
6731:
6712:
6693:
6674:
6662:. Retrieved
6648:
6629:
6617:. Retrieved
6597:
6585:. Retrieved
6576:
6567:
6555:. Retrieved
6546:
6537:
6525:. Retrieved
6516:
6507:
6495:. Retrieved
6486:
6477:
6467:
6452:
6440:. Retrieved
6436:the original
6431:
6421:
6409:. Retrieved
6405:
6396:
6384:. Retrieved
6373:
6363:
6351:. Retrieved
6340:
6316:24 September
6314:. Retrieved
6305:
6280:. Retrieved
6272:the Guardian
6271:
6261:
6249:. Retrieved
6240:
6231:
6219:. Retrieved
6205:
6193:. Retrieved
6178:
6166:. Retrieved
6152:
6140:. Retrieved
6126:
6114:. Retrieved
6105:
6095:
6083:. Retrieved
6077:. enca.com.
6068:
6056:. Retrieved
6042:
6030:. Retrieved
6016:
6004:. Retrieved
5990:
5971:
5959:. Retrieved
5945:
5933:. Retrieved
5919:
5907:. Retrieved
5893:
5881:. Retrieved
5867:
5855:. Retrieved
5840:
5828:. Retrieved
5819:
5809:
5797:. Retrieved
5783:
5771:. Retrieved
5752:
5742:
5730:
5711:
5699:
5691:the original
5685:
5679:
5671:the original
5665:
5658:
5650:the original
5644:
5638:
5630:the original
5624:
5618:
5610:the original
5603:
5579:. Retrieved
5548:
5536:. Retrieved
5522:
5510:. Retrieved
5502:The Guardian
5501:
5491:
5479:. Retrieved
5450:. Retrieved
5421:. Retrieved
5410:
5401:
5389:. Retrieved
5375:
5363:. Retrieved
5359:the original
5348:
5336:. Retrieved
5325:
5316:
5304:. Retrieved
5293:
5283:
5242:
5221:. Retrieved
5210:
5185:. Retrieved
5174:
5162:. Retrieved
5158:the original
5153:
5128:
5116:. Retrieved
5112:the original
5102:
5090:. Retrieved
5076:
5064:. Retrieved
5060:the original
5050:
5038:. Retrieved
5034:the original
5009:. Retrieved
4995:
4983:. Retrieved
4947:
4924:
4915:
4903:. Retrieved
4889:
4877:. Retrieved
4873:the original
4868:
4859:
4847:. Retrieved
4836:
4827:
4815:. Retrieved
4804:
4795:
4783:. Retrieved
4772:
4763:
4751:. Retrieved
4747:the original
4742:
4733:
4721:. Retrieved
4715:
4705:
4693:. Retrieved
4689:the original
4684:
4660:. Retrieved
4651:
4642:
4630:. Retrieved
4626:the original
4621:
4618:"UNSCR 2348"
4597:
4593:
4585:
4573:. Retrieved
4564:
4555:
4543:. Retrieved
4534:
4503:
4457:
4448:
4432:
4401:
4037:South Africa
4010:Sierra Leone
2930:Burkina Faso
2664:
2635:South Africa
2420:Bintou Keita
2413:
2396:
2381:
2365:South Africa
2342:
2333:
2322:
2307:
2296:
2249:MONUSCO HQ:
2172:South Africa
2098:Babacar Gaye
2050:
2045:
2040:
2017:
2006:
2003:Organization
1990:
1976:
1953:
1946:
1929:
1919:Bintou Keita
1901:
1894:
1882:
1865:
1849:South Africa
1834:
1818:
1784:
1777:
1768:, March 2012
1747:
1743:
1726:
1708:
1685:
1661:
1650:
1642:
1634:
1625:
1617:
1610:
1602:
1578:
1567:
1558:
1546:
1534:
1530:
1519:
1504:
1493:
1473:
1469:
1445:
1437:
1412:
1397:
1389:Vincent Otti
1381:
1359:
1355:
1351:Babacar Gaye
1348:
1344:
1320:
1317:
1305:
1284:
1277:
1270:
1263:
1256:
1248:
1245:
1234:
1226:
1203:
1187:
1168:
1136:
1116:
1104:
1084:
1036:
1024:
1003:
996:
987:
946:
935:
921:
913:
886:
838:South Africa
706:Burkina Faso
675:
666:
662:
658:
608:
604:
602:
543:
461:
437:
187:Human rights
180:Constitution
124:Subsidiaries
105:Bintou Keita
85:Headquarters
77:Legal status
29:
10039:Anti-Uganda
10017:Interahamwe
10008:Interahamwe
10001:Anti-Rwanda
9617:MINURCAT II
9004:(1991β2003)
8998:(1988β1991)
8992:(1973β1979)
8986:(1963β1964)
8974:(1956β1967)
8957:(1996β2002)
8951:(1996β2002)
8945:(1996β1998)
8939:(1995β2002)
8933:(1995β1999)
8927:(1995β1996)
8921:(1993β2009)
8915:(1992β1995)
8898:(2006β2012)
8892:(2002β2005)
8886:(1994β2000)
8880:(1992β1993)
8874:(1991β1992)
8868:(1988β1990)
8862:(1965β1966)
8856:(1962β1963)
8839:(2017β2019)
8833:(2004β2017)
8827:(1997β2000)
8809:(1996β1997)
8803:(1993β1996)
8797:(1991β1995)
8791:(1989β1992)
8785:(1965β1966)
8768:(2013β2023)
8762:(2007β2020)
8756:(2007β2010)
8750:(2005β2011)
8744:(2004β2006)
8738:(2004β2017)
8732:(2003β2018)
8726:(2003β2004)
8720:(2000β2008)
8714:(1999β2010)
8708:(1999β2005)
8702:(1998β1999)
8696:(1998β2000)
8690:(1997β1999)
8684:(1995β1997)
8672:(1993β1996)
8666:(1993β1997)
8660:(1993β1994)
8654:(1993β1995)
8648:(1992β1994)
8642:(1992β1993)
8636:(1991β1995)
8630:(1989β1991)
8624:(1989β1990)
8618:(1960β1964)
8368:UNICEF club
8062:Honour Flag
7897:North Korea
7832:Resolutions
7779:Enlargement
6951:Secretariat
6527:14 February
6411:9 September
6282:17 November
6251:17 November
6221:17 November
6195:17 November
6142:27 November
6108:. Reuters.
5935:8 September
5909:11 December
5883:20 November
5857:20 November
5849:. Reuters.
5830:18 November
5799:21 November
5512:21 November
5481:21 November
5452:20 November
5391:20 November
5365:20 November
5108:"Times Now"
4905:17 November
4091:Switzerland
3848:Philippines
3092:Ivory Coast
2695:Phabricator
2562:1999β2001:
2312:militia in
2227:April 2021
2222:April 2021
2131:April 2013
2126:March 2013
2057:March 2000
1734:Indian Army
1681:Brazzaville
1574:Bipin Rawat
1521:Indian Army
1377: 2006
1308:Indian Army
1216:, Chad and
1108:Congo River
1069:, Kalemie,
1009:and in the
907:, Tunisia,
850:Switzerland
794:Netherlands
758:Ivory Coast
637:(1999) and
533:Visa policy
355:Territories
10155:Categories
10077:(CNDD-FDD)
9993:(in Ituri)
9675:NATO Medal
9661:NATO Medal
8682:UNAVEM III
8356:Ex Tempore
8348:UN Special
8269:UN Mandate
7728:Activities
7334:UN Tourism
7157:UN-HABITAT
7135:OzonAction
6960:selections
6557:4 December
6547:www.un.org
6497:16 October
6442:31 January
6432:Defenceweb
6406:Al Jazeera
6342:Al Jazeera
6168:8 December
5187:29 October
5164:30 October
5118:1 November
5092:28 October
5066:28 October
5040:28 October
5011:28 October
4879:31 October
4849:31 October
4753:31 October
4717:EUobserver
4632:17 January
4594:Resolution
4515:References
3497:Madagascar
2768:Bangladesh
2604:Kim Bolduc
2361:Bangladesh
2303:Kofi Annan
2285:Sector 6:
2279:Sector 5:
2273:Sector 4:
2267:Sector 3:
2255:Sector 1:
2197:June 2018
2192:June 2018
2112:July 2010
2107:July 2010
1985:See also:
1906:succeeded
1883:After the
1802:See also:
1698:) and the
1525:North Kivu
1190:UNSCR 1493
1171:Kofi Annan
1152:North Kivu
1144:South Kivu
1127:UNSCR 1445
1080:UNSCR 1355
959:, Zambia,
917:UNSCR 1258
901:Madagascar
899:, Jordan,
682:Bangladesh
671:until 2010
268:Parliament
222:Government
199:Government
9919:RCD-Congo
9858:(RPF/RDF)
8837:MINUJUSTH
8652:UNOSOM II
8634:UNAVEM II
8228:UN reform
8030:Criticism
7928:Elections
7902:Palestine
7789:committee
7197:UN-Oceans
7145:UNEP-WCMC
7029:President
7017:President
7007:Elections
6983:President
6918:UN System
5763:0190-8286
5269:cite book
5261:871224152
5154:The Times
4869:Monuc.org
4806:AllAfrica
4435:Mongbwalu
4422:nationals
4398:Civilians
3389:Indonesia
3308:Guatemala
2543:2001β03:
2524:2003β07:
2507:Alan Doss
2505:2007β10:
2486:2010β13:
2467:2013β15:
2448:2015β17:
2429:2018β21:
2373:Indonesia
2263:Kisangani
2234:(Brazil)
2219:(Brazil)
2204:(Brazil)
2013:Kisangani
1591:minister
1572:and Gen.
1515:Alan Doss
1339:war crime
1214:N'Djamena
1183:Kitshanga
1067:Kisangani
1051:Kisangani
1039:Uruguayan
1007:Kisangani
842:Sri Lanka
750:Indonesia
742:Guatemala
409:General:
397:Elections
376:Chiefdoms
345:governors
341:Provinces
306:Judiciary
292:President
280:President
205:President
59:Formation
9981:(SPLA/M)
9911:(ethnic
9904:RCDβGoma
9827:Zimbabwe
9689:INTERFET
9515:UNPREDEP
9475:UNPROFOR
9246:Military
9109:Category
9039:Timeline
9034:Missions
8965:WestAsia
8931:UNPREDEP
8913:UNPROFOR
8831:MINUSTAH
8776:Americas
8754:MINURCAT
8640:UNOSOM I
8628:UNAVEM I
8569:WestAsia
8521:Inactive
8515:Americas
8373:Model UN
8358:magazine
8350:magazine
8279:UN Sacco
7767:drafting
7745:timeline
7740:missions
7643:archives
7259:UN Women
7247:UNU-CRIS
7098:UNCITRAL
6935:Preamble
6806:, 2007.
6746:Archived
6721:Archived
6702:Archived
6683:Archived
6658:Archived
6637:Archived
6610:Archived
6581:Archived
6551:Archived
6521:Archived
6491:Archived
6460:Archived
6380:Archived
6347:Archived
6310:Archived
6276:Archived
6245:Archived
6241:BBC News
6215:Archived
6189:Archived
6162:Archived
6136:Archived
6110:Archived
6085:15 March
6079:Archived
6058:15 March
6052:Archived
6032:15 March
6026:Archived
6006:15 March
6000:Archived
5979:Archived
5955:Archived
5929:Archived
5903:Archived
5877:Archived
5851:Archived
5824:Archived
5793:Archived
5767:Archived
5719:Archived
5575:Archived
5532:Archived
5506:Archived
5475:Archived
5446:Archived
5417:Archived
5385:Archived
5332:Archived
5300:Archived
5217:Archived
5086:Archived
5005:Archived
4979:Archived
4955:Archived
4932:Archived
4899:Archived
4843:Archived
4838:BBC News
4811:Archived
4779:Archived
4723:15 March
4656:Archived
4569:Archived
4539:Archived
4463:See also
4361:Zimbabwe
4118:Tanzania
3794:Paraguay
3767:Pakistan
3605:Mongolia
3551:Malaysia
3173:Djibouti
2984:Cameroon
2903:Botswana
2721:Experts
2715:Country
2557:Cameroon
2353:Pakistan
2257:Mbandaka
2251:Kinshasa
2009:Kinshasa
1853:Tanzania
1605:Rutshuru
1549:Rutshuru
1507:gunships
1384:Kaibiles
1059:Kinshasa
1055:Mbandaka
1011:Γquateur
973:Kinshasa
969:Ethiopia
965:Zimbabwe
893:Djibouti
854:Tanzania
810:Paraguay
806:Pakistan
782:Mongolia
774:Malaysia
710:Cameroon
653:and the
523:Passport
497:Minister
426:Senate:
381:Communes
93:DR Congo
89:Kinshasa
10133:MONUSCO
10100:Mai-Mai
9850:Burundi
9816:Namibia
9627:MONUSCO
9563:UNMISET
9425:MINURSO
9375:UNIIMOG
9335:UNEF II
9315:UNFICYP
9275:UNMOGIP
9253:General
9186:General
9177:of the
9096:Outline
9022:Related
8996:UNIIMOG
8990:UNEF II
8890:UNMISET
8866:UNGOMAP
8825:MIPONUH
8813:MINUGUA
8766:MINUSMA
8706:UNAMSIL
8700:UNOMSIL
8694:MINURCA
8553:UNFICYP
8536:UNMOGIP
8499:MINUSCA
8481:MONUSCO
8475:MINURSO
8322:Outline
8007:Related
7887:Lebanon
7658:members
7648:charter
7598:History
7544:Members
7443:Nairobi
7078:MINURSO
7012:Members
6995:Statute
6927:Charter
6664:17 July
6619:17 July
6587:27 July
6386:28 July
6375:Reuters
6353:27 July
6187:. CNN.
5961:30 July
5773:27 July
5581:30 June
5538:30 June
5212:Reuters
4985:30 June
4817:28 July
4785:28 July
4695:27 July
4662:27 July
4600:.
4575:27 July
4424:: 1,338
4388:12,960
4379:Totals
4307:Uruguay
4226:Ukraine
4172:Tunisia
3956:Senegal
3902:Romania
3713:Nigeria
3632:Morocco
3416:Ireland
3146:Denmark
2876:Bolivia
2795:Belgium
2741:Algeria
2718:Police
2697:and on
2576:Tunisia
2481:Germany
2443:Algeria
2377:Morocco
2275:Kalemie
2269:Kananga
2230:Lt Gen
2215:Lt Gen
2200:Lt Gen
2153:Lt Gen
2134:Lt Gen
2115:Lt Gen
2102:Senegal
2084:Nigeria
2066:Senegal
2060:Lt Gen
1964:Butembo
1732:of the
1666:in the
1419:Potsdam
1218:Entebbe
1063:Kananga
1047:Kananga
1043:Kalemie
1028:Rwandan
1015:Katanga
961:Namibia
957:Burundi
927:History
874:Uruguay
862:Ukraine
858:Tunisia
830:Senegal
822:Romania
802:Nigeria
786:Morocco
754:Ireland
726:Ecuador
694:Bolivia
686:Belgium
678:Algeria
621:, is a
613:acronym
609:MONUSCO
371:Sectors
244:Cabinet
137:Website
33:MONUSCO
9991:CODECO
9913:Tutsis
9864:(UPDF)
9862:Uganda
9856:Rwanda
9844:Angola
9807:(FANT)
9799:Angola
9603:MINUCI
9559:UNTAET
9555:UNAMET
9535:UNTAES
9505:UNAMIR
9485:UNOSOM
9455:ONUSAL
9445:UNAMIC
9435:UNIKOM
9405:UNAVEM
9355:UNIFIL
9325:UNIPOM
9285:UNOGIL
9107:
9094:
9044:Canada
9010:(2012)
9008:UNSMIS
9002:UNIKOM
8980:(1958)
8978:UNOGIL
8972:UNEF I
8955:UNCPSG
8943:UNTAES
8937:UNMIBH
8919:UNOMIG
8906:Europe
8872:UNAMIC
8860:UNIPOM
8821:(1997)
8819:UNTMIH
8815:(1997)
8807:UNSMIH
8795:ONUSAL
8783:DOMREP
8760:UNAMID
8724:MINUCI
8678:(1994)
8676:UNASOG
8670:UNAMIR
8664:UNOMIL
8658:UNOMUR
8646:ONUMOZ
8609:Africa
8590:(1978)
8588:UNIFIL
8584:(1974)
8578:(1948)
8561:(1999)
8555:(1964)
8546:Europe
8538:(1949)
8507:(2020)
8505:UNITAM
8501:(2014)
8495:(2011)
8493:UNMISS
8489:(2011)
8487:UNISFA
8483:(2010)
8477:(1991)
8468:Africa
8448:
8206:UN Day
8144:Canada
8020:CCISUA
7882:Israel
7867:Cyprus
7720:(1945)
7714:(1945)
7708:(1944)
7702:(1943)
7696:(1943)
7690:(1942)
7684:(1941)
7678:(1941)
7448:Vienna
7433:Geneva
7324:UNESCO
7242:UNU-OP
7217:UNRISD
7212:UNOSAT
7192:UNITAR
7187:UNIDIR
7182:UNICRI
7177:UNICEF
7093:UNCTAD
7083:UNAIDS
6810:
6796:
6778:
6752:9 July
6517:un.org
6487:un.org
6116:8 June
6073:eNCA.
5761:
5423:3 July
5338:3 July
5306:3 July
5259:
5249:
5223:4 July
4596:
4545:2 July
4391:14789
4382:1,657
4358:
4334:Zambia
4331:
4304:
4277:
4250:
4223:
4199:Turkey
4196:
4169:
4142:
4115:
4088:
4064:Sweden
4061:
4034:
4007:
3983:Serbia
3980:
3953:
3929:Russia
3926:
3899:
3875:Poland
3872:
3845:
3818:
3791:
3777:1,961
3764:
3740:Norway
3737:
3710:
3683:
3669:1,141
3656:
3629:
3602:
3575:
3548:
3524:Malawi
3521:
3494:
3467:
3443:Jordan
3440:
3413:
3399:1,030
3386:
3372:1,890
3359:
3335:Guinea
3332:
3305:
3278:
3254:Gambia
3251:
3227:France
3224:
3197:
3170:
3143:
3116:
3089:
3062:
3035:
3011:Canada
3008:
2981:
2957:Brazil
2954:
2927:
2900:
2873:
2849:Bhutan
2846:
2819:
2792:
2778:1,630
2765:
2738:
2727:Total
2673:
2654:France
2651:
2632:
2616:Canada
2613:
2594:
2573:
2554:
2535:
2516:
2497:
2478:
2459:
2440:
2375:, and
2187:France
2140:Brazil
1857:Malawi
1712:Bozene
1674:where
1331:Makala
1162:under
1148:Lubero
1140:Bukavu
953:Uganda
949:Rwanda
909:Turkey
897:Guinea
882:Zambia
868:, the
864:, the
846:Sweden
834:Serbia
826:Russia
818:Poland
792:, the
770:Malawi
762:Jordan
734:France
714:Canada
702:Brazil
649:, the
360:Cities
275:Senate
80:Active
10093:other
10060:(FNI)
10054:(LRA)
10048:(ADF)
9972:other
9956:(UPC)
9900:(RCD)
9852:(FAB)
9829:(ZNA)
9822:Sudan
9818:(NDF)
9811:Libya
9789:Zaire
9764:First
9692:Medal
9651:Medal
9607:ONUCI
9593:UNMIL
9583:UNMEE
9573:MONUC
9545:UNMIK
9525:UNMOP
9495:UNMIH
9465:UNTAC
9395:ONUCA
9385:UNTAG
9345:UNDOF
9305:UNTEA
9265:UNTSO
8984:UNYOM
8949:UNMOP
8925:UNCRO
8896:UNMIT
8884:UNMOT
8878:UNTAC
8801:UNMIH
8789:ONUCA
8748:UNMIS
8736:UNOCI
8730:UNMIL
8718:UNMEE
8712:MONUC
8688:MONUA
8622:UNTAG
8582:UNDOF
8576:UNTSO
8559:UNMIK
8315:Other
8262:Hanoi
8052:FICSA
7917:Yemen
7907:Syria
7755:UNPOL
7329:UNIDO
7232:UNSSC
7227:UNSDG
7222:UNRWA
7207:UNOPS
7202:UNODC
7172:UNHRC
7167:UNHCR
7162:OHCHR
7152:UNFPA
7118:UNDPO
7108:UNDGC
7103:UNCDF
6613:(PDF)
6606:(PDF)
4592:
4495:Notes
4443:Kenya
4415:: 482
4409:: 816
3780:1975
3686:Niger
3672:1163
3659:Nepal
3470:Kenya
3402:1051
3375:2040
3362:India
3281:Ghana
3200:Egypt
3065:China
2822:Benin
2781:1827
2597:Niger
2462:Niger
2369:Nepal
2357:India
2287:Bunia
2281:Kindu
2165:
2161:
2121:India
1968:Uvira
1750:Mi-35
1718:2010s
1704:Tutsi
1696:MONUC
1668:Kungu
1664:Dongo
1637:Egypt
1448:India
1237:India
1156:Bunia
1112:Ikela
1091:Kindu
1085:With
979:2000s
932:1990s
878:Yemen
798:Niger
790:Nepal
766:Kenya
746:India
738:Ghana
730:Egypt
718:China
690:Benin
663:MONUC
611:, an
9892:AFDL
9805:Chad
9766:and
9717:ISAF
9715:for
9679:KFOR
9677:for
9665:SFOR
9663:for
9365:UNHQ
9295:ONUC
8854:UNSF
8742:ONUB
8616:ONUC
8057:Flag
7985:2011
7980:2014
7975:2017
7970:2020
7965:2021
7960:2022
7955:2023
7945:2016
7940:2021
7877:Iraq
7872:Iran
7855:67th
7850:66th
7574:list
7369:IBRD
7354:WIPO
7344:WFEO
7294:IFAD
7289:ICAO
7130:UNEP
7113:UNDP
7088:SCSL
7073:IAEA
7068:IPCC
6808:ISBN
6794:ISBN
6776:ISBN
6754:2022
6666:2013
6621:2013
6589:2022
6559:2018
6529:2015
6499:2011
6444:2018
6413:2024
6388:2022
6355:2022
6318:2022
6284:2018
6253:2018
6223:2018
6197:2018
6170:2016
6144:2015
6118:2014
6087:2016
6060:2016
6034:2016
6008:2016
5963:2014
5937:2013
5911:2013
5885:2012
5859:2012
5832:2012
5801:2012
5775:2022
5759:ISSN
5605:Sify
5583:2011
5540:2011
5514:2008
5483:2008
5454:2008
5425:2022
5393:2008
5367:2008
5340:2022
5308:2022
5275:link
5257:OCLC
5247:ISBN
5225:2022
5189:2008
5166:2008
5120:2008
5094:2008
5068:2008
5042:2008
5013:2008
4987:2011
4907:2018
4881:2008
4851:2008
4819:2022
4787:2022
4755:2008
4725:2016
4697:2022
4664:2022
4634:2018
4598:1258
4577:2022
4547:2021
4385:172
4320:828
4317:828
4239:265
4236:255
4145:Togo
4131:866
4128:849
4050:952
4047:948
3969:444
3960:437
3821:Peru
3645:923
3642:918
3578:Mali
3537:747
3534:744
3483:267
3480:259
3456:220
3447:209
3366:133
3321:155
3318:155
3213:357
3204:346
3078:229
3075:222
3038:Chad
2772:190
2041:From
1993:Goma
1981:2023
1960:Goma
1943:2022
1926:2017
1891:2015
1879:2014
1855:and
1845:Sake
1798:2013
1787:Goma
1756:2012
1740:2011
1723:2010
1631:2009
1509:and
1489:Goma
1458:2008
1442:2007
1364:2006
1314:2005
1253:2004
1204:The
1146:and
1133:2003
1101:2002
1071:Goma
1030:and
1021:2001
1013:and
984:2000
905:Togo
889:Chad
880:and
814:Peru
778:Mali
639:1291
635:1279
603:The
463:2024
457:2017
452:2016
439:2024
433:2019
428:2007
416:2023
411:2018
231:list
209:list
100:Head
67:Type
7379:IFC
7374:IDA
7359:WMO
7349:WHO
7339:UPU
7319:ITU
7314:IOM
7309:IMO
7304:IMF
7299:ILO
7284:FAO
7264:WFP
7254:UNV
7237:UNU
7063:ITC
6469:BBC
6306:BBC
4419:DRC
4185:37
4176:27
4158:28
4149:28
4122:16
3942:19
3915:23
3906:15
3774:14
3699:25
3690:20
3666:11
3663:11
3591:27
3582:23
3369:17
3348:27
3339:26
3294:27
3288:11
3186:25
3177:25
3105:29
3096:29
3051:12
3042:12
3024:17
2997:10
2970:23
2967:22
2943:26
2934:21
2835:31
2826:24
2167:MMM
884:.
728:,
673:.
661:or
607:or
10157::
6906::
6897::
6888::
6772:,
6744:.
6740:.
6579:.
6575:.
6549:.
6545:.
6519:.
6515:.
6489:.
6485:.
6466:,
6430:.
6404:.
6378:.
6372:.
6339:.
6326:^
6308:.
6304:.
6292:^
6274:.
6270:.
6239:.
6213:.
6104:.
5822:.
5818:.
5765:.
5757:.
5751:.
5602:,
5591:^
5562:^
5504:.
5500:.
5462:^
5433:^
5409:.
5324:.
5298:.
5292:.
5271:}}
5267:{{
5255:.
5233:^
5215:.
5209:.
5197:^
5152:.
5140:^
5021:^
4966:^
4938:,
4867:.
4835:.
4803:.
4771:.
4741:.
4714:.
4683:.
4672:^
4650:.
4620:.
4609:^
4567:.
4563:.
4533:.
4522:^
4374:3
4371:3
4368:0
4365:0
4347:6
4344:3
4341:3
4338:0
4314:6
4311:0
4293:3
4290:3
4287:0
4284:0
4266:6
4263:6
4260:0
4257:0
4233:7
4230:3
4212:9
4209:0
4206:0
4203:9
4182:9
4179:1
4155:0
4152:0
4125:1
4104:2
4101:1
4098:0
4095:1
4077:4
4074:0
4071:0
4068:4
4044:4
4041:0
4023:2
4020:2
4017:0
4014:0
3996:1
3993:1
3990:0
3987:0
3966:5
3963:2
3939:4
3936:6
3933:9
3912:4
3909:4
3888:2
3885:0
3882:2
3879:0
3861:2
3858:2
3855:0
3852:0
3834:6
3831:1
3828:5
3825:0
3807:7
3804:2
3801:5
3798:0
3771:0
3753:1
3750:1
3747:0
3744:0
3726:7
3723:2
3720:4
3717:1
3696:4
3693:1
3639:3
3636:2
3618:2
3615:0
3612:2
3609:0
3588:0
3585:4
3564:6
3561:2
3558:4
3555:0
3531:3
3528:0
3510:1
3507:0
3504:0
3501:1
3477:3
3474:5
3453:7
3450:4
3429:3
3426:3
3423:0
3420:0
3396:7
3393:4
3345:1
3342:0
3315:0
3312:0
3291:8
3285:8
3267:5
3264:2
3261:0
3258:3
3240:5
3237:4
3234:0
3231:1
3210:4
3207:7
3183:0
3180:0
3159:2
3156:2
3153:0
3150:0
3132:2
3129:0
3126:2
3123:0
3102:0
3099:0
3072:7
3069:0
3048:0
3045:0
3021:8
3018:0
3015:9
2994:1
2991:4
2988:5
2964:1
2961:0
2940:3
2937:2
2916:3
2913:3
2910:0
2907:0
2889:5
2886:1
2883:4
2880:0
2862:0
2859:0
2856:0
2853:0
2832:5
2829:2
2808:1
2805:1
2802:0
2799:0
2775:7
2754:2
2751:0
2748:2
2745:0
2371:,
2367:,
2363:,
2359:,
2355:,
2331:.
2189:)
2174:)
2163:SM
2159:SD
2142:)
2123:)
2104:)
2086:)
2068:)
2051:To
1995:,
1851:,
1491:.
1374:c.
1158:,
1150:,
1142:,
1097:.
1093:,
1065:,
1061:,
1049:,
1034:.
967:,
963:,
955:,
951:,
891:,
876:,
872:,
860:,
856:,
852:,
848:,
844:,
840:,
836:,
832:,
828:,
824:,
820:,
816:,
812:,
808:,
804:,
800:,
796:,
788:,
784:,
780:,
776:,
772:,
768:,
764:,
760:,
756:,
752:,
748:,
744:,
740:,
736:,
732:,
724:,
720:,
716:,
712:,
708:,
704:,
700:,
696:,
692:,
688:,
684:,
680:,
669:,
513:/
499::
233:)
211:)
91:,
10019:)
9755:e
9748:t
9741:v
9605:/
9561:/
9557:/
9160:e
9153:t
9146:v
8435:e
8428:t
8421:v
6962:)
6958:(
6867:e
6860:t
6853:v
6756:.
6668:.
6623:.
6591:.
6561:.
6531:.
6501:.
6446:.
6415:.
6390:.
6357:.
6320:.
6286:.
6255:.
6225:.
6199:.
6172:.
6146:.
6120:.
6089:.
6062:.
6036:.
6010:.
5965:.
5939:.
5913:.
5887:.
5861:.
5834:.
5803:.
5777:.
5585:.
5542:.
5516:.
5485:.
5456:.
5427:.
5395:.
5369:.
5342:.
5310:.
5277:)
5263:.
5227:.
5191:.
5168:.
5122:.
5096:.
5070:.
5044:.
5015:.
4989:.
4909:.
4883:.
4853:.
4821:.
4789:.
4757:.
4727:.
4699:.
4666:.
4636:.
4579:.
4549:.
2701:.
2656:)
2644:(
2637:)
2625:(
2618:)
2606:(
2599:)
2587:(
2578:)
2566:(
2559:)
2547:(
2540:)
2528:(
2521:)
2509:(
2502:)
2490:(
2483:)
2471:(
2464:)
2452:(
2445:)
2433:(
2170:(
2138:(
2119:(
2100:(
2082:(
2064:(
592:e
585:t
578:v
347:)
343:(
252:)
248:(
229:(
207:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.