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646:'s Boardinghouse near Fort Bend, where the generals held a council of war headed by Filísola. A captured Mexican soldier, pressed in the role of a courier by the Texans, was sent to the Mexican camp with a message from the captive Santa Anna ordering Filísola to withdraw all Mexican troops east of the Colorado River and Texas itself in exchange for the Texans agreeing to spare Santa Anna's life. Agreeing to depart, Filísola was responsible for organizing the withdrawal of the remaining 4,000 Mexican soldiers from Texas.
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exaggerated their defeat. At the time, Filísola did not have any knowledge if Santa Anna was still alive, thus he was unsure if he should rush to aid him. The news of Santa Anna's defeat had badly demoralized Filísola's troops, and any action he would take against
Houston might possibly risk the demise of all Mexican prisoners. His other option was to retreat, requesting instruction from officials in Mexico City.
696:
Although Filísola was accused of being a coward and a traitor in Mexico for overseeing the withdrawal of the
Mexican troops despite that his own forces were never defeated in battle, he was exonerated in 1841. However forgetting his own role in the defeat at San Jacinto, Santa Anna placed the entire
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Filísola was quoted as saying about Santa Anna "His forehead had clouded over... Some interpreted it as discouragement, others as despair, and not a few as rudeness, scorn or indifference towards all the persons that he had to deal with or met with for some reason or other." Filísola often had the
634:
The next day, Captain Miguel
Aguirre, a wounded officer from Santa Anna's guard, of the Tampico Regiment, made his way to Filísola's camp on the Brazos, with word of the total destruction of the Mexican army at San Jacinto. A few more locals and soldiers trickled in and also confirmed and much
608:, Filísola was left in charge of the troops moving the heavy military equipment, supply wagons, and livestock across Texas. Moving the bulk of the army over rain-soaked land and numerous flooded crossings, proved to be logistically fatal. While Santa Anna quickly proceeded toward Sesma and the
649:
Filísola remarkably carried out Santa Anna's orders to retreat despite protests from Urrea and a few other officers to stay and continue fighting the Texans. On 24 May, he ordered Juan José Andrade to destroy the fortifications of the Alamo and to evacuate his 1,200 troops from
623:, and Sesma forces to converge. Then, locate a crossing, establish a camp and take 500 men, cross, find, attack, and defeat the Texians and then cross the Brazos with the remainder of the army and supplies and proceed to form a camp at Harrisburg.
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After both parties to the treaties broke parts of the agreement, Filísola received instructions from the
Mexican government to not retreat. Although he offered to return to Texas, the exhausted Mexican army continued to withdraw and arrived at
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congress which forthwith declared its independence from Mexico. Filísola was not able to maintain a fighting force, and his troops were sent back to Mexico by the residents of
Guatemala City who paid for their transportation.
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Vicente Filísola was somewhere between San Felipe and Fort Bend, with about 1,000 men, (after dispatching
General Cos with 500 men to reinforce Santa Anna), when Santa Anna was captured by the Texans at the
619:'s men and this led directly to the battle. While Santa Anna was preoccupied with the attempt to the capture the new republic's officials, Filísola was instructed to wait for Colonel Amat's, General
704:
He later published a defense of his retreat which was later translated and published in 1837 by the
Republic of Texas. In 1928 Castañeda published a translation of Filísola's account in
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in
Rivello, Kingdom of Naples in around 1785 and later moved to Spain when he was a child. He joined the Spanish army on 17 March 1804 at age 15, fighting in many battles of the
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1785 – 23 July 1850) was an
Italian-born Spanish and Mexican military and political figure during the 19th century. He is most well known for his role in leading the short-lived
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1823:
1001:
612:, Filísola with the rear guard, was mired down in mud, low on food, short on supplies, and exhausted. He was left to delegate the orders issued by Santa Anna.
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Filísola received a colonization grant in
October, 1831, to bring six hundred non-Anglo-American families into east Texas. In 1833, he became commander of the
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commissioned Filísola as his second-in-command during his fight for Texas. Filísola never had to command any decisive battles in the
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He had several descendants around Mexico, especially in the north. He married and had a family in Mexico City and male descendants.
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where on 15 June, Urrea replaced Filísola in general command and Filísola resigned his own command to Juan José Andrade.
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in 1823, causing an uprising there. In compliance with the Mexican constitution, Filísola convened the
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Very little written information exists on Vicente Filísola's early life other than he was born
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La trigarancia. Fuerzas armadas en la consumación de la independencia. Nueva España, 1820-1821
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The Mexican troops in Texas, which included Filísola's 1,000 troops and General
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President of the Constituent Assembly of the United Provinces of Central America
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Vicente Filísola y las independencias española, mexicana y centroamericana
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898:. Carlos E. Castaneda, trans. P. L .Turner 1956 (reprint of 1928 ed.)
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Filísola commanded one of three divisions of the Mexican army.
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771:. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2016 (página 212)
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Heads of state of the Federal Republic of Central America
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and "ratified", according to the Republic of Texas, the
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Mexican military personnel of the Mexican–American War
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Filísola's dispatches to Santa Anna were captured by
786:. New York: Facts on File, Inc. pp. 135–136.
701:job of dealing with Santa Anna's snap judgements.
550:, he became a brigadier general in command of the
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836:"Mexican Influence in Central America, 1821–1823"
1775:
1824:People of Mexican side in the Texas Revolution
896:The Mexican Side of the Texas Revolution, 1836
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818:
887:Memoirs for the History of the War in Texas
710:Memoirs for the History of the War in Texas
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753:. Tesis de maestría en Historia, México,
706:The Mexican Side of the Texas Revolution
96:23 June 1822 – 22 November 1822
755:Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
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889:. Vicente Filísola, 1985 Eakin Press,
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569:As a governor of Mexico, he occupied
566:) declared independence from Mexico.
452:Mexican annexation of Central America
192:9 February 1823 – 7 May 1823
1794:People from the Province of Salerno
1619:Revolutionary Council of Government
1072:Federal Republic of Central America
840:Hispanic American Historical Review
823:, Austin: University of Texas Press
575:Federal Republic of Central America
149:23 June 1822 – 1 July 1823
61:7 March 1823 – 1 July 1823
13:
807:List of Texas Empresario Contracts
784:A Brief History of Central America
688:on 23 July 1850 at around age 65.
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49:Captain General of Central America
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1834:People from the Kingdom of Naples
1819:Mexican people of Italian descent
1761:– Acting or provisional president
964:Chief of State of Central America
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809:. Posted by Wallace L. McKeehan.
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577:and was successful in annexing
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554:. Emperor Iturbide sent him to
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16:Mexican general and politician
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1799:Deaths from cholera in Mexico
1011:Heads of state of El Salvador
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834:Kenyon, Gordon (1 May 1961).
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552:Army of the Three Guarantees
137:Political Chief of Guatemala
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1707:Post-Civil War (since 1992)
767:MORENO GUTIÉRREZ, Rodrigo.
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598:Antonio López de Santa Anna
573:after the formation of the
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749:JIMÉNEZ VÁZQUEZ, Juan.
546:, who declared himself
522:between 1822 and 1823.
467:Battle of Ayutuxtepeque
819:Long, Jeffrey (1990),
472:Battle of San Salvador
457:Mexican-Salvadoran war
848:Duke University Press
712:, published in 1985.
629:Battle of San Jacinto
538:. He later served in
412:Years of service
1674:Salvadoran Civil War
675:Mexican–American War
489:Mexican–American War
1634:Junta of Government
1575:Military presidents
930:José Matías Delgado
697:blame on Filísola.
656:Treaties of Velasco
544:Agustín de Iturbide
462:Battle of Mejicanos
245:José Matías Delgado
203:José Matías Delgado
1599:Hernández Martínez
1589:Hernández Martínez
922:Political offices
631:on 21 April 1836.
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516:Mexican annexation
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368:(before 1821–1836)
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84:Position abolished
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290:(aged 64–65)
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1809:Mexican generals
1804:Italian soldiers
1764:– Military junta
1380:J. M. San Martín
1365:J. M. San Martín
1106:J. D. Villacorta
1091:J. V. Villacorta
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1784:1780s births
1749:C. Rodríguez
1425:J. E. Guzmán
1340:R. Rodríguez
1300:J. E. Guzmán
1260:J. J. Guzmán
1245:J. J. Guzmán
1081:J. Rodríguez
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867:. Retrieved
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428:Battles/wars
403:Mexican Army
391:Spanish Army
288:(1850-07-23)
286:23 July 1850
240:Succeeded by
229:
210:Succeeded by
187:
167:Succeeded by
144:
124:Succeeded by
91:
83:
79:Succeeded by
56:
18:
1789:1850 deaths
1604:A. Menéndez
1594:A. Menéndez
1550:J. Meléndez
1540:C. Meléndez
1530:C. Meléndez
1490:F. Menéndez
1345:Vasconcelos
1335:Vasconcelos
1181:T. Menéndez
1171:T. Menéndez
719:Decorations
686:Mexico City
673:During the
652:San Antonio
617:Sam Houston
579:El Salvador
352:(1804–18??)
315:Independent
303:Nationality
293:Mexico City
198:Preceded by
155:Preceded by
112:Preceded by
67:Preceded by
1778:Categories
1739:S. Sánchez
1654:F. Sánchez
1141:G. Salazar
1136:C. Salazar
881:References
334:Allegiance
321:Occupation
1714:Cristiani
1698:Cristiani
1664:C. Romero
1659:A. Molina
1614:Castaneda
1565:A. Araujo
1560:P. Romero
1525:M. Araujo
1505:Gutiérrez
1460:del Valle
1275:C. Molina
1265:C. Molina
738:Footnotes
668:Matamoros
660:Matamoros
540:New Spain
415:1804–1850
230:In office
188:In office
145:In office
105:Agustín I
92:In office
57:In office
25:Brigadier
1719:Calderón
1555:Quiñónez
1545:Quiñónez
1535:Quiñónez
1520:Figueroa
1510:Regalado
1500:A. Ezeta
1495:C. Ezeta
1480:Figueroa
1475:Zaldívar
1465:Zaldívar
1455:González
1445:González
1375:V. Gómez
1315:Palacios
1305:Palacios
1295:Palacios
1290:Malespín
1285:Palacios
1161:F. Gómez
1156:Espinoza
1043:Codallos
1038:Filísola
1028:Barriere
1609:Aguirre
1515:Escalón
1485:Rosales
1470:Guirola
1435:Barrios
1430:Peralta
1415:Barrios
1320:Aguilar
1310:Aguilar
1206:Ramírez
1191:Morazán
1146:Escolán
1116:Morazán
1111:Cornejo
1101:Cornejo
1033:Delgado
911:at the
864:2510200
850:: 183.
682:cholera
621:Gaona's
564:Chiapas
306:Italian
273:Rivello
101:Monarch
1744:Bukele
1724:Flores
1693:Duarte
1688:Magaña
1649:Rivera
1644:Cordón
1624:Osorio
1450:Méndez
1440:Dueñas
1420:Santín
1410:Santín
1405:Zepeda
1395:Dueñas
1385:Dueñas
1370:Dueñas
1360:Dueñas
1355:Quirós
1350:Dueñas
1330:Quirós
1325:Medina
869:3 July
862:
790:
757:, 2007
692:Legacy
506:(born
365:Mexico
362:
346:
297:Mexico
1734:Funes
1629:Lemus
1400:Campo
1390:Campo
1255:Marín
1240:Marín
1230:Lindo
1211:Lindo
1201:Cañas
1196:Silva
1186:Cañas
1176:Vigil
1166:Vigil
1151:Silva
1126:Prado
1096:Prado
1086:Prado
1053:Prado
968:1823
941:1823
860:JSTOR
846:(2).
349:Spain
1729:Saca
1280:Arce
1270:Arce
1235:Arce
871:2022
788:ISBN
420:Rank
283:Died
270:1785
260:Born
178:3rd
135:2nd
47:2nd
852:doi
684:in
518:of
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510:;
295:,
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268:c.
1003:e
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989:v
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854::
796:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
