299:
466:
This method uses chemical disruption. It is the most popular and simple approach. Chemical lysis chemically deteriorates/solubilizes the proteins and lipids present within the membrane of targeted cells. Common lysis buffers contain sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Cell lysis
475:
This method uses ultrasonic waves to generate areas of high and low pressure which causes cavitation and in turn, cell lysis. Though this method usually comes out clean, it fails to be cost effective and consistent.
257:, which rapidly pump water out of the cell. Cytolysis does not occur under normal conditions in plant cells because plant cells have a strong cell wall that contains the osmotic pressure, or
394:, and different types of detergents can yield different results. The unprocessed solution immediately after lysis but before any further extraction steps is often referred to as a
807:
693:
735:
382:
may also be referred to as lysis. Many laboratory experiments are sensitive to the choice of lysis mechanism; often it is desirable to avoid mechanical
362:
Cell lysis is used in laboratories to break open cells and purify or further study their contents. Lysis in the laboratory may be affected by
849:
573:"Prevention and elimination of upper respiratory colonization of mice by group A streptococci by using a bacteriophage lytic enzyme"
766:
326:
collapses. These cells will eventually wilt and die unless the flow of water caused by osmosis can stop the contraction of the
212:
cause the death of bacteria through enzyme-mediated lysis that occurs after the drug causes the bacterium to form a defective
651:
555:
827:
713:
736:"Red blood cells do more than just carry oxygen. New findings by NUS team show they aggressively attack bacteria too"
467:
is best done at a pH range of 11.5-12.5. Although simple, it is a slow process, taking anywhere from 6 to 12 hours.
126:
69:
246:
Cytolysis occurs when a cell bursts due to an osmotic imbalance that has caused excess water to move into the cell.
748:
17:
850:"Protein Expression and Purification Core Facility: Protein Purification: Extraction and Clarification"
134:) mechanisms that compromise its integrity. A fluid containing the contents of lysed cells is called a
345:
932:
Shehadul Islam, Mohammed; Aryasomayajula, Aditya; Selvaganapathy, Ponnambalam Ravi (March 2017).
639:
434:
643:
225:
217:
31:
754:
on 2009-02-20 – via
Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore.
1044:
667:
584:
442:
155:
492:
This method uses enzymes such as lysozyme or proteases to disintegrate the cell membrane.
8:
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250:
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588:
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This article is about the biological definition of the word Lysis. For other uses, see
1024:
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612:
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767:"Respiratory protein-generated reactive oxygen species as an antimicrobial strategy"
201:
infection are responsible for the ability of these viruses to lyse bacterial cells.
996:
963:
945:
904:
896:
885:"Toward Integrated Molecular Diagnostic System (iMDx): Principles and Applications"
880:
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705:
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402:
371:
100:
43:
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374:. Mechanical disruption of cell membranes, as by repeated freezing and thawing,
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82:
900:
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may be subjected to lysis in the process of purifying their components, as in
1038:
1008:
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in response to pathogens when lysed by them. This can damage the pathogens.
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Cytolysis can be prevented by several different mechanisms, including the
383:
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This method uses physical penetration to pierce or cut a cell membrane.
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used, either all or some membranes are lysed. For example, if only the
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1000:
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216:. If the cell wall is completely lost and the penicillin was used on
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that would denature or degrade sensitive macromolecules, such as
323:
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879:
Park, Seung-min; Sabour, Andrew F; Ho Son, Jun; Hun Lee, Sang;
414:
363:
274:
182:
90:
194:
86:
694:"Wiley InterScience : Journals : New Phytologist"
52:
934:"A Review on Macroscale and Microscale Cell Lysis Methods"
571:
Nelson, D.; Loomis, L.; Fischetti, V. A. (20 March 2001).
985:"New horizons in developing cell lysis methods: A review"
391:
115:
109:
58:
878:
280:
The term is also used to refer to the reduction of any
829:
Thermo
Scientific Pierce Cell Lysis Technical Handbook
127:
118:
70:
61:
55:
548:
Lysozymes--model enzymes in biochemistry and biology
112:
106:
49:
765:Jiang, N; Tan, NS; Ho, B; Ding, JL (October 2007).
103:
46:
631:
261:, that would otherwise cause cytolysis to occur.
1036:
577:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
310:within plants due to the loss of water through
764:
733:
318:environment, the cell membrane peels off the
889:IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering
629:
550:. Basel: Birkhäuser Verlag. pp. 35–64.
982:
967:
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908:
801:
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346:Red blood cell § Secondary functions
220:, then the bacterium is referred to as a
822:
820:
297:
874:
872:
870:
409:to analyze the composition of specific
27:Breaking down of the membrane of a cell
14:
1037:
844:
842:
854:European Molecular Biology Laboratory
817:
630:Scholar, E. M.; Pratt, W. B. (2000).
867:
177:are subject to lysis by the enzyme
983:Danaeifar, Mohsen (November 2022).
839:
734:Shobana Kesava (1 September 2007).
479:
24:
813:from the original on Jan 12, 2024.
710:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1994.tb02952.x
487:
333:
306:Plasmolysis is the contraction of
25:
1061:
470:
461:
350:Erythrocytes' hemoglobin release
989:Biotechnology and Bioengineering
835:(2 ed.). Thermo Scientific.
269:Oncolysis is the destruction of
224:, but if penicillin was used on
99:
42:
976:
925:
437:can be used to collect certain
357:
758:
727:
686:
660:
623:
564:
539:
401:For example, lysis is used in
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77:) is the breaking down of the
13:
1:
532:
264:
235:
7:
495:
10:
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456:
343:
337:
291:
239:
29:
901:10.1109/TBME.2014.2309119
441:. Lysis is also used for
640:Oxford University Press
634:The antimicrobial drugs
546:P. Jollès, ed. (1996).
435:gradient centrifugation
193:. Phage lytic enzymes (
598:10.1073/pnas.061038398
303:
228:, then it is called a
226:gram-negative bacteria
218:gram-positive bacteria
32:Lysis (disambiguation)
301:
443:protein purification
253:that exists in some
156:protein purification
589:2001PNAS...98.4107N
425:. Depending on the
421:individually or as
251:contractile vacuole
672:Medical Dictionary
527:Pitted keratolysis
304:
197:) produced during
181:, found in animal
166:, or in purifying
97:(that is, "lytic"
1001:10.1002/bit.28198
995:(11): 3007–3021.
951:10.3390/mi8030083
774:Nature Immunology
744:The Straits Times
653:978-0-19-975971-2
557:978-3-7643-5121-2
407:Southern blotting
372:chaotropic agents
140:molecular biology
16:(Redirected from
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1029:
1028:
980:
974:
973:
971:
953:
929:
923:
922:
912:
895:(5): 1506–1521.
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846:
837:
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834:
824:
815:
814:
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805:
771:
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747:. Archived from
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721:
712:. Archived from
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638:(2nd ed.).
637:
627:
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568:
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480:Mechanical lysis
173:Many species of
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780:(10): 1114–22.
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732:
728:
719:
717:
716:on May 22, 2011
698:New Phytologist
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691:
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661:
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628:
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502:Cell disruption
498:
490:
488:Enzymatic lysis
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378:, pressure, or
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348:
342:
340:Immune response
336:
334:Immune response
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259:turgor pressure
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102:
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35:
28:
23:
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15:
12:
11:
5:
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816:
786:10.1038/ni1501
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652:
622:
583:(7): 4107–12.
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524:
519:
514:
509:
507:Cell unroofing
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472:
471:Acoustic lysis
469:
463:
462:Chemical lysis
460:
458:
455:
451:RNA extraction
447:DNA extraction
433:is lysed then
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344:Main article:
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292:Main article:
289:
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273:cells or of a
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240:Main article:
237:
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164:RNA extraction
160:DNA extraction
150:laboratories,
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938:Micromachines
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431:cell membrane
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419:nucleic acids
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352:free radicals
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328:cell membrane
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199:bacteriophage
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152:cell cultures
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66:
39:
33:
19:
1045:Cell biology
992:
988:
978:
941:
937:
927:
892:
888:
857:. Retrieved
853:
828:
777:
773:
760:
749:the original
742:
729:
718:. Retrieved
714:the original
701:
697:
688:
676:. Retrieved
671:
662:
633:
625:
580:
576:
566:
547:
541:
491:
483:
474:
465:
400:
396:crude lysate
395:
384:shear forces
361:
358:Applications
349:
305:
279:
268:
248:
245:
205:and related
189:, and other
172:
148:cell biology
144:biochemistry
135:
37:
36:
704:: 571–591.
668:"Oncolysis"
642:. pp.
302:Plasmolysis
294:Plasmolysis
288:Plasmolysis
230:spheroplast
210:antibiotics
85:, often by
18:Viral lysis
1050:Cell death
1039:Categories
720:2008-09-11
533:References
439:organelles
380:filtration
376:sonication
368:detergents
338:See also:
316:hypertonic
271:neoplastic
222:protoplast
203:Penicillin
191:secretions
168:organelles
1025:251132821
1009:0006-3592
960:2072-666X
944:(3): 83.
881:Lee, Luke
522:Lysogenic
517:Hemolysis
512:Crenation
427:detergent
423:complexes
370:or other
320:cell wall
265:Oncolysis
255:paramecia
242:Cytolysis
236:Cytolysis
214:cell wall
187:egg white
1017:35900072
919:24759281
883:(2014).
859:17 March
808:Archived
803:11359246
794:17721536
678:27 March
674:. Farlex
617:11259652
496:See also
411:proteins
388:proteins
322:and the
314:. In a
282:swelling
207:β-lactam
179:lysozyme
175:bacteria
79:membrane
969:6190294
910:4141683
585:Bibcode
457:Methods
403:western
364:enzymes
324:vacuole
312:osmosis
95:osmotic
91:enzymic
1023:
1015:
1007:
966:
958:
917:
907:
800:
792:
650:
615:
605:
554:
449:, and
417:, and
415:lipids
275:tumour
195:lysins
183:saliva
146:, and
136:lysate
81:of a
1021:S2CID
833:(PDF)
811:(PDF)
798:S2CID
770:(PDF)
752:(PDF)
739:(PDF)
646:–64.
608:31187
308:cells
138:. In
93:, or
87:viral
38:Lysis
1013:PMID
1005:ISSN
956:ISSN
915:PMID
861:2015
790:PMID
680:2013
648:ISBN
613:PMID
552:ISBN
405:and
390:and
83:cell
74:-sis
997:doi
993:119
964:PMC
946:doi
905:PMC
897:doi
782:doi
706:doi
702:126
603:PMC
593:doi
392:DNA
366:or
131:-ik
129:LIT
1041::
1019:.
1011:.
1003:.
991:.
987:.
962:.
954:.
940:.
936:.
913:.
903:.
893:61
891:.
887:.
869:^
852:.
841:^
819:^
806:.
796:.
788:.
776:.
772:.
741:.
700:.
696:.
670:.
644:61
611:.
601:.
591:.
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575:.
453:.
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398:.
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122:/
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104:ˈ
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40:(
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