346:
shipping of Vodou has led
Internet, much like popular culture, to be full of "voodoo that is not Vodou." "Voodoo" is a spelling used to denote tropes of Vodou, the Haitian tradition, which perpetuate misunderstandings, lies, and stereotypes. As such, Boutros explains that online Vodou, as well as cyberspirituality in general, are not representations of "real religions in real places," but instead are their own "dynamic entity," and this is an important distinction to make when studying Vodou or any other religion and its online presence.
477:
98:
between 1998 and 2002, the ratio of churches with web sites went from 11 percent to 45 percent. Most sites concentrate on teaching and discussion. Some experiment with virtual meetings in cyberspace, and attempt to incorporate teaching, prayer, worship and even music into the experience. The i-church
345:
via cyberspace, increasing its accessibility outside of a
Haitian context as there is no central text to be shared. Alexandra Boutros explains that while Vodou was formerly secret, it is now public, widespread, and available for consumption by any through the cyber world. Her concern is that the
172:
declared in 2002 that "the virtual reality of cyberspace cannot substitute for real interpersonal community, the incarnational reality of the sacraments and the liturgy, or the immediate and direct proclamation of the gospel", while acknowledging that the internet can still "enrich the religious
527:, in May 2001 Discordians started an email campaign to get their religion reclassified. Three weeks after this protest was started, Yahoo moved Discordianism to "Entertainment—Religion—Humor", which some Discordians found more acceptable. David G. Robertson writes in the 2016 book
535:
Discordians have also constructed a complex and unique cosmology and theology, and
Discordianism has over time come to be considered as having genuine religious significance for many of its adherents. Thus Discordianism can no longer be considered a purely parodic religion.
325:. Some J-bloggers, although religious in practice, use their blogs to discuss theological views which are skeptical or nonconformist. J-blogs fall into radical, liberal and conservative camps with respect to all Jewish communities across the world. Several blogs, such as
305:. These are stored in databases, which allow online users to search for their specific query. Gary Bunt has commented this has the advantage of facilitating resolution to issues that are considered dangerous or embarrassing to raise within the domestic framework.
154:, online church, cyberchurch, and digital church refer to a wide variety of ways that Christian religious groups can use the internet to facilitate their religious activities, particularly prayer, discussion, preaching and worship services. The
93:
churches with only a few hundred members to have web sites to advertise themselves and communicate with their congregations. For example, Scott Thumma, a faculty associate at the
Hartford Institute for Religion Research found that in the
88:
There have been a number of attempts to create online
Christian communities, usually supplementing, but occasionally attempting to replace, more traditional, brick and mortar Christian communities. It is common for even moderate sized
313:
Several websites and blogs cover
Judaism and Jewish life on the web. Some websites argue a certain religious or political viewpoint, while some take a purely cultural or secular focus. Conservative,
80:. People also leverage search engines to investigate aspects of religion. Some religious websites are translated into several languages. For example, JW.ORG features content in over 1,000 languages.
370:); however, to review the full results of this test, one has to make an appointment to meet a church representative in person. There has also been a series of legal battles—sometimes referred to as
1091:
297:, provide information about Islamic doctrine in addition to advice concerning individual problems including marriage, worship and Internet use. In order to answer online questions, an
1169:
781:
665:
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Greer, J. C. (2016). "'Discordians stick apart': The institutional turn within contemporary
Discordianism". In Cusack, Carole M.; Kosnáč, Pavol (eds.).
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Islamic sites fulfill a number of distinct roles, such as providing advice concerning religious doctrine, download daily prayers and for taking the
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In addition, there are a large number of web sites devoted to specific aspects of the Hindu tradition. For example, the major epics, the
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There are various religious movements that have used the
Internet extensively and this has been studied by academics, in the field of
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over the
Internet. For example, the Islam Page is a comprehensive Islamic web site, which links to a complete version of the
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515:." According to J. Christian Greer, this study was published just at the time Discordianism had transformed itself from a
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Boutros, Alexandra (November 2002). "Virtual Vodou: The
Technologies of Faith in the Domains of Cyberspirituality".
511:, that "If it were possible to trace a genealogy of virtual religions on the Internet, it would probably begin with
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57:. There are also sites that are specific to a religious tradition. Many sites are discussion groups, others host
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insist that an online gathering is not a real substitute for meeting in person, for example, the Roman Catholic
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pilgrimage, giving Internet users the opportunity to join the hundreds of thousands of pilgrims who gather in
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Hutchings, Tim (December 2007). "Creating Church Online: A Case-Study Approach to Religious Experience".
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live on the internet. In fact, important events too are broadcast live on the internet. For example, the
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1299:, Adam (2005). "Religion and Popular Culture: A Hyper-Real Testament", Peter Lang Publishing Group.
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401:, was able to use the Internet to coordinate the movement, although he currently lives in New York.
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in many ways. There are sites which attempt to cover all religions, traditions, and faiths, such as
2020:
2015:
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1214:, "From Internet pals to real friends, blogs remaking Jewish community", Sue Fishkoff (May 8, 2006)
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1195:, "The Internet: Pathways and Possibilities", Various Authors (Spring 2006) - Adobe PDF Format
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religious traditions, including for example the Hindu Universe, which is maintained by the
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424:. Possamai uses the term 'hyper-real religion' to describe these religions mixed with
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683:"World's most widely translated website, JW.ORG, features content in 1,000 languages"
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265:, have their own site, which includes a Hare Krishna Network. Temples now webcast
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Searching for salvation: An analysis of religious searching on the World Wide Web
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has become a site for religious experience which has raised questions related to
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Catholic Church. Pontificium Consilium de Communicationibus Socialibus. (2002).
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Islam in the Digital Age: E-jihad, Online Fatwas and Cyber Islamic Environments
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1475:"SubGenius vs The Conspiracy: Playfulness and sincerity in invented religions"
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1176:, "Local Jewish blog attempts to unite community", Amanda Ogus (Summer 2006)
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broadcast its 25th anniversary celebrations live on the internet in 2007.
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in 1995 as punishment for his controversial views, Roman Catholic Bishop
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217:, have web sites devoted to their study. There is a site devoted to the
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Fiction, Invention and Hyper-reality: From Popular Culture to Religion
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293:. Sites such as the Islam-Online site, according to Gary Bunt of the
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Council. The site includes Hindu scripture and commentaries of the
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65:. Some sites aim to provide a religious experience facilitating
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523:. When the Yahoo search engine categorized Discordianism as a
374:—concerning the publishing of esoteric teachings such as the "
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is the first Internet community to be fully recognised as an
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27:
Overview of the relation between the Internet and religion
612:"Web Sites Provide Foundation for Understanding Religion"
182:
There are various web sites that aim to cover all of the
1412:
1400:
1388:
1327:"God.com: Preaching the Word in a consumer-driven world"
644:. Communication Research Trends (March 2006). 2006-03-01
1378:
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245:
in the same manner as temple figures. The followers of
1437:
Authentic Fakes: Religion and American Popular Culture
428:, arguing that they are part of the consumer logic of
229:. Sites like Saranam.com allow worshippers to order a
61:
debates, and some provide advice concerning religious
432:
and are enhanced by the growing use of the internet.
301:
or a team of religious scholars frequently provide a
1439:. University of California Press. pp. 190–212.
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set up a website for the "diocese without borders."
1233:
Carleton University Europe-Russia Conference Series
727:"Internet resources are aids for the deeply devout"
1456:Invented Religions: Imagination, Fiction and Faith
952:. CittĂ del Vaticano: Libreria editrice vaticana.
898:
661:Jansen, B. J., Tapia, A. H., and Spink, A. (2010)
779:
362:, for example, allows visitors to take an online
2384:
1324:
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259:International Society for Krishna Consciousness
237:of their choosing and many pages have image of
1477:. In Cusack, Carole M.; Kosnáč, Pavol (eds.).
1245:
1568:
1354:
754:
724:
1089:
865:"Why the Internet Doesn't Change Everything"
859:
782:"Attending a virtual church becoming easier"
317:, post-denominational, Reform, secular, and
170:Pontifical Council for Social Communications
986:Humbul Humanities Hub, University of Oxford
1575:
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757:"In cyberspace, can anyone hear you pray?"
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1539:Cyberhenge: Modern Pagans on the Internet
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1167:J Weekly Magazine of Northern California
459:for text distribution, recruitment, and
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507:David Chidester wrote in his 2005 book
14:
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780:Larmondin, Leanne (February 1, 2000).
1556:
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1325:Whibley, Amanda (November 18, 2005).
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547:Association of Religion Data Archives
1582:
529:Fiction, Invention and Hyper-reality
471:
435:
385:According to Stephen O'Leary of the
2221:Category:Religion and ...
1066:"Worshippers celebrate with parade"
1058:
811:"Church plans parish in cyberspace"
725:Larsen, Elena (December 23, 2001).
467:
24:
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1272:O'Leary, Stephen (June 15, 2000).
1217:
1143:"Islam at the electronic frontier"
136:
25:
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1278:University of Southern California
1013:. January 3, 2001. Archived from
618:. August 24, 1999. Archived from
387:University of Southern California
41:(which also provides a forum for
475:
441:This section is an excerpt from
358:have websites. A website of the
142:This section is an excerpt from
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372:Scientology versus the Internet
333:, cover Jewish life on campus.
121:city, that was consumed by the
83:
2040:Category:... and religion
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1141:Whitaker, Brian (2003-08-11).
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241:, which are thought to convey
106:After being reassigned to the
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1:
1954:politics in the United States
1274:"Falun Gong and the Internet"
1246:Ryan, Nicholas (2000-03-23).
1037:"Hinduism Internet Resources"
907:Studies in World Christianity
572:
321:Jews are involved in writing
1507:Give Me That Online Religion
1473:Robertson, David G. (2016).
1355:Morris, Linda (2005-05-19).
1331:University of Western Sydney
1096:American Library Association
1092:"World religions on the Web"
836:"First web-pastor appointed"
755:Wilson, Giles (2004-05-12).
414:University of Western Sydney
7:
1172:September 26, 2008, at the
642:"Religion and the internet"
587:"Religion and the Internet"
540:
455:and other groups using the
341:The Internet has "shipped"
177:
10:
2409:
1120:Bunt, Gary (May 9, 2006).
1090:Jaeger, John (June 2002).
668:December 22, 2014, at the
440:
395:People's Republic of China
378:" and, more specifically,
308:
141:
2220:
2039:
1698:
1588:
1435:Chidester, David (2005).
1210:December 8, 2006, at the
1041:Saint Joseph's University
919:10.3366/swc.2007.13.3.243
672:, Religion. 40(1), 39-52.
1699:Religion and (
1481:. Taylor & Francis.
1357:"They're all God Movies"
950:Ethics in communications
895:(accessed April 1, 2011)
761:BBC News Online Magazine
591:MIT Communications Forum
368:Oxford Capacity Analysis
336:
280:
257:have web sites, and the
2393:Religion and technology
1248:"The Gospel of the Web"
889:"Redeeming The Internet
869:Harvard Business School
552:Church of the SubGenius
453:new religious movements
356:new religious movements
350:New religious movements
166:Christian denominations
125:in the 5th century) by
33:are represented on the
2097:Hellenistic philosophy
1524:, Pluto, London 2003,
1191:June 19, 2006, at the
863:(September 24, 2004).
616:University of Virginia
538:
521:new religious movement
397:. The group's leader,
251:Swaminarayan Sampraday
2357:spirituality podcasts
2280:the French Revolution
1822:education in Pakistan
701:"Religion on the Web"
687:Religion News Service
533:
451:is the phenomenon of
406:sociology of religion
360:Church of Scientology
2350:in the United States
1541:, Routledge (2004),
1337:on December 28, 2005
1047:on February 10, 2005
982:"The Hindu Universe"
622:on September 4, 2006
408:. Examples cited by
261:, also known as the
1122:"Virtually Islamic"
689:. November 4, 2019.
461:information sharing
295:University of Wales
271:Swaminarayan Temple
51:Religious Tolerance
2243:capital punishment
2192:Transgender topics
1770:coping with trauma
1745:capital punishment
1670:Transgender people
1509:, Rutgers (2004),
1017:on August 24, 2006
792:on August 21, 2008
562:Operation Mindfuck
557:Operation Clambake
487:. You can help by
2380:
2379:
2167:Sexual abstinence
2082:Films about LGBTQ
2052:African Americans
1805:domestic violence
1635:Hittite mythology
1503:Brenda E. Brasher
1488:978-1-317-13549-4
1465:978-1-317-11325-6
1446:978-0-520-93824-3
1007:"Hinduism Online"
988:. October 3, 2000
887:Brandon Buckner,
505:
504:
449:Cybersectarianism
443:Cybersectarianism
436:Cybersectarianism
127:Pope John Paul II
16:(Redirected from
2400:
1827:environmentalism
1730:authoritarianism
1583:Religion and ...
1577:
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1535:Douglas E. Cowan
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1419:Robertson (2016)
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593:. April 18, 2002
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468:Virtual religion
364:personality test
225:to bathe in the
202:and the laws of
173:lives of users".
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18:Virtual religion
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426:popular culture
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1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1760:climate change
1757:
1752:
1750:child marriage
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1706:
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1593:) and religion
1586:
1585:
1580:
1579:
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1557:
1551:
1550:
1532:
1520:Gary R. Bunt,
1518:
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1470:
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1451:
1445:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:, p. 201.
1411:
1409:, p. 199.
1399:
1397:, p. 198.
1387:
1385:, p. 195.
1372:
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1178:
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1082:
1057:
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998:
973:
958:
940:
913:(3): 243–260.
897:
880:
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827:
802:
772:
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674:
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255:Dvaita Vedanta
179:
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26:
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2223:
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2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2197:Vegetarianism
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
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2160:
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2155:
2151:
2150:Pre-Columbian
2148:
2146:
2143:
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2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
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2019:
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2014:
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1987:
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1947:
1945:
1944:peacebuilding
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1917:schizophrenia
1915:
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1907:mental health
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1735:birth control
1733:
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1725:animal rights
1723:
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1713:
1711:
1708:
1707:
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1702:
1697:
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1683:
1681:
1680:Vegetarianism
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
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1638:
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1633:
1631:
1630:Homosexuality
1628:
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1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
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1603:
1601:
1598:
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1595:
1592:
1591:Some topic...
1587:
1578:
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1548:
1547:0-415-96911-5
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1530:0-7453-2099-6
1527:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1515:0-8135-3436-4
1512:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1490:
1484:
1480:
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1471:
1467:
1461:
1458:. Routledge.
1457:
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1442:
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1433:
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1313:0-8204-6634-4
1310:
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1305:90-5201-272-5
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1123:
1116:
1102:on 2013-09-03
1101:
1097:
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544:
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518:
514:
513:Discordianism
510:
499:
490:
486:
483:This section
481:
478:
474:
473:
462:
458:
454:
450:
444:
433:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
410:Adam Possamai
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264:
263:Hare Krishnas
260:
256:
252:
248:
247:Sri Vaishnava
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
207:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
188:Hindu Studies
185:
171:
167:
163:
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157:
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145:
134:
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128:
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112:
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72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
19:
2162:Psychedelics
2130:Mesoamerican
2001:superstition
1934:negotiations
1902:LGBTQ people
1897:the internet
1892:intelligence
1700:
1590:
1538:
1521:
1506:
1478:
1455:
1436:
1414:
1402:
1390:
1383:Greer (2016)
1364:. Retrieved
1360:
1350:
1339:. Retrieved
1335:the original
1330:
1320:
1292:
1281:. Retrieved
1277:
1267:
1256:. Retrieved
1252:The Guardian
1251:
1241:
1232:
1200:
1181:
1162:
1151:. Retrieved
1147:The Guardian
1146:
1136:
1125:. Retrieved
1115:
1104:. Retrieved
1100:the original
1095:
1085:
1074:. Retrieved
1072:. 2007-09-22
1069:
1060:
1049:. Retrieved
1045:the original
1040:
1031:
1019:. Retrieved
1015:the original
1010:
1001:
990:. Retrieved
985:
976:
949:
943:
910:
906:
900:
892:
883:
872:. Retrieved
868:
861:Spar, Debora
855:
844:. Retrieved
842:. 2004-05-11
839:
830:
819:. Retrieved
817:. 2004-03-05
814:
805:
794:. Retrieved
790:the original
785:
775:
764:. Retrieved
760:
750:
739:. Retrieved
735:the original
731:Pew Internet
730:
720:
709:. Retrieved
707:. 1999-04-10
704:
695:
686:
677:
657:
646:. Retrieved
636:
624:. Retrieved
620:the original
615:
606:
595:. Retrieved
590:
581:
534:
528:
508:
506:
493:
489:adding to it
484:
403:
384:
353:
340:
312:
284:
235:Hindu temple
208:
200:Bhagvad Gita
181:
160:ecclesiology
149:
105:
87:
84:Christianity
29:
2087:Freemasonry
2072:Environment
2021:video games
2016:vaccination
1994:pornography
1949:personality
1775:coronavirus
1715:agriculture
1690:World War I
1675:Vaccination
1615:Disability
1429:Works cited
1205:JTA article
1011:Asia Source
376:space opera
211:Mahabharata
78:pilgrimages
59:theological
2372:technology
2340:by country
2290:government
2275:euthanasia
2116:Mythology
2107:Liberalism
1974:bestiality
1969:adolescent
1862:government
1842:executions
1795:disability
1780:corruption
1701:some topic
1366:2006-08-05
1341:2006-08-05
1283:2006-08-05
1258:2006-08-05
1153:2006-08-05
1127:2006-08-05
1106:2006-08-06
1076:2010-01-04
1051:2006-08-06
992:2006-08-06
959:8820972786
874:2006-08-05
846:2006-08-05
821:2006-08-05
796:2006-08-05
766:2006-08-05
741:2006-08-05
711:2008-02-27
648:2007-12-28
597:2006-08-05
573:References
496:April 2024
416:, include
399:Li Hongzhi
391:Falun Gong
219:Kumbh Mela
196:Upanishads
150:The terms
71:meditation
2345:in France
2285:geography
2270:education
2172:Sexuality
2077:Evolution
2062:Economics
1964:sexuality
1929:mythology
1867:happiness
1857:geography
1837:ethnicity
1765:communism
1620:Fertility
1605:Astronomy
1600:Anarchism
1021:August 7,
935:143952797
927:1354-9901
626:August 6,
422:Matrixism
412:, of the
331:Jewschool
223:Allahabad
117:(a major
91:Christian
55:Beliefnet
31:Religions
2387:Category
2310:medicine
2300:HIV/AIDS
2248:children
2233:abortion
2228:the arts
2112:Marriage
2057:Cannabis
2047:Adoption
2026:violence
1989:polygyny
1984:polygamy
1939:pacifism
1924:morality
1887:identity
1877:HIV/AIDS
1847:gambling
1755:children
1740:business
1710:abortion
1655:Morality
1610:Cannabis
1297:Possamai
1254:. London
1208:Archived
1189:Archived
1170:Archived
1149:. London
1070:BBC News
968:50798819
840:BBC News
815:BBC News
666:Archived
541:See also
457:Internet
287:shahadah
215:Ramayana
213:and the
192:Rig Veda
178:Hinduism
156:internet
119:Algerian
115:Partenia
108:sinecure
63:doctrine
47:Humanism
35:Internet
2367:suicide
2335:society
2330:science
2263:alcohol
2238:atheism
2187:Tobacco
2177:Slavery
2067:Economy
2031:warfare
2011:torture
1815:alcohol
1800:divorce
1660:Slavery
1650:Marxism
567:Patheos
418:Jediism
327:CampusJ
323:J-blogs
309:Judaism
275:Cardiff
267:darshan
243:Darshan
239:deities
233:at the
111:diocese
75:virtual
43:atheism
39:Patheos
2362:sports
2295:health
2207:Wealth
2182:Tamils
2157:Nature
2140:Muisca
2135:Mixtec
2092:Gender
2006:terror
1959:ritual
1872:health
1852:gender
1832:ethics
1625:Gender
1545:
1528:
1513:
1485:
1462:
1443:
1311:
1303:
966:
956:
933:
925:
531:that:
389:, the
319:Haredi
227:Ganges
198:, the
123:Sahara
67:prayer
53:, and
2320:peace
2315:music
2258:drugs
2253:death
2212:Women
2202:Water
2145:Olmec
2120:Aztec
2102:LGBTQ
1810:drugs
1785:crime
1685:Women
1665:Subud
1645:Magic
1307:/ US-
931:S2CID
519:to a
366:(the
354:Many
343:Vodou
337:Vodou
303:fatwa
291:Quran
281:Islam
184:Hindu
164:Some
73:, or
2325:race
2125:Maya
1720:AIDS
1543:ISBN
1526:ISBN
1511:ISBN
1483:ISBN
1460:ISBN
1441:ISBN
1309:ISBN
1301:ISBN
1023:2006
964:OCLC
954:ISBN
923:ISSN
628:2006
420:and
380:Xenu
329:and
299:Imam
253:and
231:puja
204:Manu
96:U.S.
45:and
2305:law
1640:Law
1361:NPR
1315:pb.
915:doi
891:",
491:.
273:in
162:.
113:of
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1537:,
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1375:^
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1329:.
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1250:.
1219:^
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1094:.
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1039:.
1009:.
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962:.
929:.
921:.
911:13
909:.
867:.
838:.
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759:.
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703:.
685:.
614:.
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1235:.
1156:.
1130:.
1109:.
1079:.
1054:.
1025:.
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970:.
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917::
877:.
849:.
824:.
799:.
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744:.
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651:.
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600:.
498:)
494:(
463:.
445:.
146:.
20:)
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