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youths in vocational trades in addition to academic subjects, hence the name "industrial school," which was a popular model at the time for lower-class youths. Educators believed that young people needed to be taught skills for the workplace. Holland often took custody of young persons in trouble
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until his death in 1958. After his death, his second wife and widow Viola Grant
Holland (1901–1986) took over operation of the camp. She ran it until 1974, when it was forced to close for financial reasons. By 1969, the principal of the camp was Edward T. Duncan.
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The school had two suspicious fires in 1924 and 1926, and a former student reported seeing a cross being burned on the school lawn in the 1930s. Newspapers reported in the 1920s incidents that the local
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as "a small elementary school of very doubtful management. The industrial work is negligible." The Fund was managing a study of black education and surveyed private as well as public schools.
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After college, in 1899 Holland married
Evalina (also known as Evelyn) Brown. She was born September 1875 in Virginia. They had one son, William F.B. Holland (born March 1900 in Rhode Island).
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334:. The buildings were renovated in the 1970s and converted into apartments known as Scituate Commons. In 1985 the site was designated by Rhode Island as an African-American historic site.
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in the 19th century. Holland advertised his school as "the ideal Home for Boys and Girls age 14 years and upwards" in the
December 1923 edition of
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1920 US Federal Census ;Census Place: Providence Ward 7, Providence, Rhode Island; Roll T625_1677; Page: 14A; Enumeration
District: 251; Image: 768
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The
Watchman Industrial School was incorporated in Rhode Island by 1910. In 1917, the Watchman School was described in the report of the
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Forty-Third
Anniversary of the Watchman Industrial School and Camp, North Scituate, Rhode Island Watchman Community Center Day Nursery
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1900 US Federal Census; Census Place: Providence Ward 8, Providence, Rhode Island; Roll T623_1508; Page: 15B; Enumeration
District: 71
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William S. Holland was born in
October 1866 in Virginia to former slaves. He likely attended local black schools. He graduated from
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210:. Deeply interested in education for black youth, Holland founded the Watchman Industrial School at 140 Codding Street, in
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was suspected, as it had become active in the western part of the state. Holland and his wife operated the related
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Acts and
Resolves Passed by the General Assembly of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
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Negro
Education: A Study of the Private and Higher Schools for Colored People in the United States
370:; died 14 October 1986 in Rhode Island). She survived him and operated the summer camp for years.
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chapter was suspected, as the KKK had become active in western Rhode Island after
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Educational buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
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529:(written in cooperation with the Rhode Island Historical Society), 26 April 1999
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The school had suffered fires in 1924 and 1926; newspapers reported that the
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in 1908. He hoped to duplicate the success of the educational program of
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National Register of Historic Places in Providence County, Rhode Island
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After Evalina's death, Holland married Viola E. Holland (born 1901 in
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Historically segregated African-American schools in the United States
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Renee Graham, "New England black heritage goes beyond the trail,"
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183:, when many private schools were unable to survive financially.
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ROBERT L. SMITH, "In the 1920s, the Klan ruled the countryside"
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The Pentecostal Collegiate Institute in North Scituate, 1905.
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Buildings and structures in Providence County, Rhode Island
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After closing the school, Holland continued to operate the
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National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
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The buildings were originally designed in 1839 for the
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Robert L. Smith, "Island of Faith in a Hostile Sea",
235:with the authorities, in lieu of seeing them enter
155:, was founded in 1908 for black youths by Reverend
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18:Private trade school in North Scituate, RI, USA
167:. He based it on the educational theories of
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647:The Watchman Industrial School incorporation
482:, Vol. 2 (Govt. Print. Off., 1917):694, 697.
493:Rhode Island: A Guide to the Smallest State
388:Rhode Island: A Guide to the Smallest State
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451:Charles Henry Winslow and Jesse C. Bowen,
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179:. He closed the school in 1938 during the
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456:, U.S. Department of Labour (1911), 330.
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636:. Providence, Rhode Island, s.n., 1951.
495:(US History Publishers, 1977):124, 453.
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171:. In 1923, Holland moved the school to
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552:"National Register Information System"
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330:In 1978 the complex was listed on the
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575:Rhode Island College Sesquicentennial
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557:National Register of Historic Places
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412:, John Wiley and Sons (1995), p. 422
332:National Register of Historic Places
239:'s reform school or prison systems.
698:1908 establishments in Rhode Island
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407:Beth L. Savage and Carol D. Shull,
202:The school was founded by Reverend
149:Watchman Industrial School and Camp
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469:(Henry Ward, Secretary, 1910):570.
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24:Watchman Industrial School
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208:Virginia Union University
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343:Early life and education
620:(15 October 1986):C-10.
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428:(23 February 1999):C01.
82:41.834158°N 71.583052°W
678:Scituate, Rhode Island
585:"William S. Holland",
426:The Providence Journal
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562:National Park Service
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87:41.834158; -71.583052
478:Phelps-Stokes Fund,
453:Industrial Education
374:Notes and references
216:Booker T. Washington
169:Booker T. Washington
151:, also known as the
616:Viola E. Holland",
564:. January 23, 2007.
507:(December 1923):88.
359:Marriage and family
287:Smithville Seminary
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618:Providence Journal
527:Providence Journal
353:Richmond, Virginia
338:William S. Holland
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244:Phelps-Stokes Fund
224:Tuskegee Institute
204:William S. Holland
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110:Trade school
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522:, Special:
355:, in 1897.
324:summer camp
317:World War I
295:New England
192:summer camp
116:Established
98:Information
85: /
60:Coordinates
657:Categories
505:The Crisis
300:The Crisis
212:Providence
161:Providence
73:71°34′59″W
70:41°50′03″N
307:(NAACP).
272:Wollaston
222:and the
140:Suburban
29:Location
539:Crisis,
198:History
107:Private
390:, 453.
276:Quincy
132:Campus
124:Closed
232:black
136:Rural
147:The
127:1938
119:1908
103:Type
351:of
274:in
159:in
52:USA
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512:^
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46:RI
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138:/
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