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706:, a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV), has spread in poultry in more than 60 countries in Eurasia and Africa since 1996, when the first outbreak occurred at a goose farm in Guangdong province in China. H5N1 in wild birds have spread to Asia, Europe, and Africa, and it is possible for the H5N1 virus to be spread by migratory water birds to the west and south, as genetically closely related H5N1 viruses have been isolated in several countries since 2005.
631:
38:
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687:(DP), also called duck enteritis virus (DEV), presents the most important concern in mass waterfowl production. Free-ranging water birds are the most likely infectious carriers. While the overall epidemiology of DEV is unknown in western Europe, studies conducted in Poland agree with the high levels of transmission between free-ranging water birds.
690:
DEV is an aetiological agent of DP, which represents one of the most acute and lethal diseases of waterbirds, and infection can spread easily between farmed and wild waterbirds. Over 48 species of birds, including those not considered waterbirds, are susceptible to infection by DEV, and the mortality
574:. Employing such methods as conservation easements and outright purchase, it uses federal and state habitat reimbursements, sponsorships, member fees, major gifts, donations, royalties, and advertisement to raise over $ 200 million a year. A minimum of 80 percent of that revenue goes directly toward
662:
Mobile water birds tend to avoid areas where their food density is high because this increases competition for resources. When there is abundant food in an area, there are more birds trying to eat it. This can lead to aggression and fighting, as well as a decrease in the overall fitness of the bird.
654:
feeding fish, or fish that feed at the lowest level of a body of water. Many migratory water birds use similar food resources on their breeding, molting, or overwintering grounds as do resident fish species. Studies, such as that done by Eadie and Keast in 1982, found an inverse relationship between
617:
has impacted waterbirds and is driving their extinction in regions where wetlands are polluted. Specifically, in China, 33% of wetlands were lost between 1978 and 2008, which is the primary breeding ground for China's waterbird species such as the Baer's
Pochard, which is now at risk for extinction.
675:
Outbreaks of diseases spread by waterbirds result from the transition of water-borne viruses to those wild birds. The spread can be caused by dead waterbirds in the vicinity of other organisms, or simply from waterbirds with the virus settling into more densely populated areas (whether by humans or
589:
established the
Waterbird Conservation for the Americas to facilitate this over such a large area. The purpose of this initiative is to promote international cooperation and partnership to preserve waterbird habitats, create long term sustainability plans, implement specific conservation plans for
581:
Ducks
Unlimited partners with a wide range of corporations, governments, other non-governmental organizations, landowners, and private citizens to restore and manage areas that have been degraded and to prevent further degradation of existing wetlands. DU is also active in working with others to
646:
Experimental evidence of competition has been difficult to obtain in highly mobile animals that cannot be meaningfully confined to plots of limited size. Many such animals are believed to compete with less mobile, resident taxa, but the supporting evidence has often remained circumstantial.
621:
This loss of wetlands is a result of various sources in China. The rise of urbanization and industries has resulted in pollution and waste in the water. In addition, reclamation projects for construction further threaten ruining the habitats of these birds. For example, the largest of these
68:
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The evolution of waterbirds is often mainly centered around adaptations to improve feeding techniques. This includes legs that are adapted to diving or wading and webbing between the toes. Many of these adaptations are common between different types of waterbirds. For example,
72:
159:, hunt aquatic prey but do not stay in water for long and live predominantly over dry land, and are not considered water birds. The term waterbird is also used in the context of conservation to refer to any birds that inhabit or depend on bodies of water or
70:
666:
By avoiding areas of high food density, mobile waterfowl can reduce competition and improve their chances of survival. They can spread out and forage in less crowded areas, which allows them to avoid conflict and obtain the nutrients they need.
468:(RASA) which highlighted certain branches of genes that classified the domestic duck and fowl, for example, as an outgroup. Comparing and understanding these gene patterns allows scientists to classify aquatic birds.
709:
H5N1 HPAIV infections have become endemic in several countries and cause accidental transmissions to humans. H5N1 viruses are thus now recognized as one of the most likely candidates for the next pandemic.
618:
The Baer's
Pochard's population has decreased to between 150 and 700 birds in recent years due to negative environmental impacts on their habitat as well as human activities such as hunting and fishing.
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recommend government policies that will influence wetlands and the environment. Through March 2021 Ducks
Unlimited had conserved at least 15 million acres of waterfowl habitat in North America.
164:
69:
854:
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1072:"Reintroduction of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus by migratory water birds, causing poultry outbreaks in the 2010–2011 winter season in Japan"
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Waterbird conservation efforts in the United States are advanced by numerous organizations, including the 700,000 member strong
133:, beaks, and legs adapted to feed in the water, and the ability to dive from the surface or the air to catch prey in water.
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sequencing, has been used to classify and differentiate the various aquatic birds. This classification is found by a
703:
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129:) are more aquatic, and their adaptations will vary depending on their environment. These adaptations include
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420:) has an enlarged throat pouch to aid it in feeding on schools of small fish. It is a member of the order
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regions, and support legal action for waterbird conservation on the regional and national levels.
1126:"First survey of the occurrence of duck enteritis virus (DEV) in free-ranging Polish water birds"
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491: with: other conservation efforts, including other means and organizations. You can help by
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901:"U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service - Migratory Bird Program | Conserving America's Birds"
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is sometimes also used in this context. A related term that has a narrower meaning is
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Woz´niakowski, Grzegorz; Samorek-Salamonowicz, Elzbieta (11 December 2013).
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Wu, Yi; Zhang, Wenwen; Yong, Fan; Zhou, Daqing; Cui, Peng (2020-08-21).
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To promote the conservation of waterbirds in
America, the United States
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rate of this disease can reach up to 100%, especially in young birds.
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reclamation projects is the Oufei
Project, which spans 8854 Hectares.
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Agreement on the
Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds
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and ducks share a similar filter-feeding lifestyle, and the
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and ducks are just two types of water birds, which include
855:"Texas helps Ducks Unlimited reach 15 million acre goal"
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Proceedings of the Royal
Society B: Biological Sciences
650:
One example is the interaction between water birds and
30:"Waterbird" redirects here. For the 1911 seaplane, see
995:"Influence of Fish on Habitat Choice of Water Birds"
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659:and benthic feeding fish across multiple lakes.
1070:Sakoda, Yoshihiro; et al. (1 March 2012).
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524:The examples and perspective in this section
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730:Tuinen, Marcel; et al. (August 2001).
113:, although others make no distinction from
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542:, or create a new section, as appropriate.
125:) are more terrestrial while others (e.g.
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558:Learn how and when to remove this message
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163:areas. Examples of this use include the
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929:"Waterbirds' coastal habitat in danger"
466:relative apparent synapomorphy analysis
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1040:"30 Different Types of Water Birds"
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109:is especially applied to birds in
27:Bird that lives on or around water
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794:"Ducks Unlimited and Hunting"
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460:analysis, specifically the
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680:Duck enteritis virus (DEV)
426:, which also contains the
347:Some members of the order
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1145:10.1007/s00705-013-1936-8
702:caused by infection with
626:Interspecific competition
587:Fish and Wildlife Service
450:has a similar structure (
169:Wallnau Waterbird Reserve
121:. Some water birds (e.g.
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454:) to many wading birds.
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953:10.1126/science.abc9000
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1089:10.1099/vir.0.037572-0
748:10.1098/rspb.2001.1679
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609:, feeding in a wetland
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418:Pelecanus occidentalis
206:(marine birds, orders
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816:"National Fact Sheet"
780:"Ducks Unlimited 990"
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111:freshwater ecosystems
76:
40:
1187:Birds by common name
1133:Archives of Virology
576:habitat conservation
536:improve this section
526:may not represent a
58:numerous other forms
945:2020Sci...369..928W
742:(1474): 1345–1350.
603:Pacific black ducks
342:Phoenicopteriformes
119:marine environments
821:. Ducks Unlimited.
676:other organisms).
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462:mitochondrial gene
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180:yellow-billed loon
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1044:Bird Life Habitat
1011:10.1890/06-1981.1
1005:(11): 2915–2925.
939:(6506): 928–929.
863:. March 26, 2021.
860:Houston Chronicle
835:. Ducks Unlimited
796:. Ducks Unlimited
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383:river kingfishers
379:water kingfishers
220:Procellariiformes
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254:Charadriiformes
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212:Sphenisciformes
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1164:. Retrieved
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472:Conservation
458:DNA sequence
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276:magpie geese
264:Anseriformes
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138:aquatic bird
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87:Danube River
905:www.fws.gov
685:Duck plague
640:diving duck
375:Kingfishers
351:(including
300:Gaviiformes
224:Pelecanidae
188:Gaviiformes
184:diving bird
146:piscivorous
131:webbed feet
1181:Categories
1166:2021-03-15
1099:2115/52103
1024:2021-03-15
910:2021-03-15
839:January 5,
800:January 5,
714:References
594:Extinction
452:morphology
394:passerines
349:Gruiformes
260:Waterfowls
250:Shorebirds
208:Suliformes
157:sea eagles
151:, such as
127:waterfowls
107:water bird
95:water bird
50:shorebirds
977:221190499
961:0036-8075
885:8 January
657:Goldeneye
540:talk page
444:flamingos
404:Evolution
338:Flamingos
280:screamers
222:, family
142:waterfowl
136:The term
99:waterbird
77:Video of
60:of birds.
54:waterfowl
18:Waterbird
1161:14693217
1153:24327092
1108:22113008
1019:18051660
969:32820117
766:11429133
671:Diseases
615:wetlands
534:You may
448:shoebill
432:bitterns
369:moorhens
320:pelicans
204:Seabirds
115:seabirds
46:seabirds
1050:12 July
999:Ecology
941:Bibcode
933:Science
757:1088747
652:benthic
398:dippers
340:(order
334:, etc.)
308:(order
298:(order
288:(order
262:(order
242:within
236:Laridae
232:Alcidae
226:within
161:wetland
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144:. Some
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353:cranes
332:ibises
328:egrets
324:herons
306:Storks
286:Grebes
238:, and
218:, and
56:, and
1192:Birds
1157:S2CID
1129:(PDF)
973:S2CID
819:(PDF)
365:coots
357:rails
296:Loons
272:swans
268:geese
195:Types
83:swans
79:gulls
42:Geese
1149:PMID
1104:PMID
1052:2023
1015:PMID
965:PMID
957:ISSN
887:2013
841:2017
802:2017
762:PMID
704:H5N1
695:H5N1
638:, a
634:The
412:The
367:and
355:and
182:, a
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
