646:(丙申，至马嵬驿，将士饥疲，皆愤怒。陈玄礼以祸由杨国忠，欲诛之，因东宫宦者李辅国以告太子，太子未决。会吐蕃使者二十馀人遮国忠马，诉以无食，国忠未及对，军士呼曰：“国忠与胡虏谋反！”或射之，中鞍。国忠走至西门内，军士追杀之，屠割支体，以枪揭其首于驿门外，并杀其子户部侍郎暄及韩国、秦国夫人。御史大夫魏方进曰：“汝曹何敢害宰相！”众又杀之。韦见素闻乱而出，为乱兵所挝，脑血流地。众曰：“勿伤韦相公。”救之，得免。军士围驿，上闻喧哗，问外何事，左右以国忠反对。上杖屦出驿门，慰劳军士，令收队，军士不应。上使高力士问之，玄礼对曰：“国忠谋反，贵妃不宜供奉，愿陛下割恩正法。”上曰：“朕当自处之。”入门，倚杖倾首而立。久之，京兆司录韦谔前言曰：“今众怒难犯，安危在晷刻，愿陛下速决！”因叩头流血。上曰：“贵妃常居深宫，安知国忠反谋！”高力士曰：“贵妃诚无罪，然将士已杀国忠，而贵妃在陛下左右，岂敢自安！愿陛下审思之，将士安，则陛下安矣。”上乃命力士引贵妃于佛堂，缢杀之。)
62:, Wei accompanied Emperor Xuanzong and Yang in their flight from Chang'an and was severely injured when the imperial guard massacred Yang and his family. Subsequently, after Emperor Suzong claimed imperial title and Emperor Xuanzong abdicated, Wei initially retained his chancellorship but was subsequently shifted to positions of less responsibility. He eventually left office altogether and died in retirement in December 762.
393:), the Ladies of Han and Qin, and Wei Fangjin. Wei Jiansu was also nearly killed, but was spared at the last moment with severe injuries. The soldiers then surrounded Emperor Xuanzong's pavilion, and refused to scatter even after Emperor Xuanzong came out to comfort them and order them to scatter. Chen publicly urged him to put Emperor Xuanzong's favorite
544:), one of the heads of the executive bureau, and removed from his chancellor post. He was subsequently made a senior advisor to the crown prince. After Emperor Suzong recaptured Chang'an in fall 757, he sent Wei to Shu to escort Emperor Xuanzong back to Chang'an. After Wei brought Emperor Xuanzong back to Chang'an, he was given the honorific title
471:
his fault that a rebellion occurred, and that the soldiers should take the silk and then return home and let just the imperial train go to Shu
Commandery. The soldiers were touched, and no longer considered rebelling against the emperor. In fall 756, after Emperor Xuanzong reached Baxi Commandery (巴西, roughly modern
530:), and they offered the seal and the edict to Emperor Suzong. Emperor Suzong declined, stating that with empire still in turmoil, it was not an appropriate time for him to officially take the throne, instead putting the seal and the edict aside and paying them daily respects, as they represented Emperor Xuanzong.
386:
emissaries, who followed
Emperor Xuanzong south, were meeting with Yang Guozhong and complaining that they were also not fed. The imperial guard soldiers took this opportunity to proclaim that Yang Guozhong was planning treason along with the Tufan emissaries, and they killed him, along with his son
470:
After Li Heng's departure, Emperor
Xuanzong continued his trek south, but the soldiers were unhappy, some going as far as cursing the emperor. Fortuitously, though, a large cache of silk that Shu Commandery (蜀郡, roughly modern Chengdu) arrived. Emperor Xuanzong declared to the soldiers that it was
533:
Meanwhile, though, Emperor Suzong had been impressed with Fang's reputation and therefore particularly honored Fang, giving him most of the responsibilities. In contrast, Emperor Suzong was displeased with how Wei had followed Yang
Guozhong's directions and therefore did not pay him much respect,
300:), both of whom told Yang that Wei was elegant but easy to control. Yang thus recommended Wei, and Emperor Xuanzong, remembering Wei's service to Emperor Ruizong while Emperor Ruizong was the Prince of Dan, agreed. In fall 754, Emperor Xuanzong thus made Wei the minister of defense (武部尚書,
137:
era (707-710) of
Emperor Zhongzong's reign, he served as a military officer at the mansion of Emperor Ruizong, who was then the Prince of Dan. He later served as a guard commander, and then the officer in charge of storage at Henan Municipality (河南府, encompassing the eastern capital
416:
After the Yangs' death, Wei Jiansu was the only remaining high-level official in the imperial train, and the remaining generals had differences in opinion about what to do next—with many not wanting to proceed further to
Jiannan because Yang was the military governor
221:
regions, to tour the regions to examine the customs of the regions and find officials to promote or demote. It was said that wherever he went, he was stern, and the officials were also led into being stern. Upon his return to Chang'an, he was made
324:) and put him in charge of the examination bureau. It was said that because Yang recommended Wei, Wei followed his directions, and that he did nothing to moderate the growing conflict between Yang and An, eventually leading to An's
521:
to Lingwu to official invest
Emperor Suzong as emperor and gave them the imperial seal and the edict officially passing the throne. They encountered Emperor Suzong, who was then launching a counterattack, at Shunhua (順化, in modern
378:). The imperial guards were not fed and were angry at Yang Guozhong. Chen also believed that Yang Guozhong provoked this disaster and planned to carry him—and reported his plans to Li Heng through Li Heng's eunuch
561:
era (760-761), Wei requested to retire on account of a foot ailment, and
Emperor Suzong allowed him to do so. He died in December 762, briefly after Emperor Suzong himself had died and been succeeded by his son
158:), and inherited his father's title of Duke of Pengcheng. At one point, he was accused of an offense lost in history and was demoted to be the military advisor to the prefect of Fang Prefecture (坊州, in modern
489:) -- the head of the examination bureau and a post considered one for a chancellor. When they reached Shu Commandery, Emperor Xuanzong further created him the Duke of Bin and gave him the honorific title
347:). On July 13, the imperial train, without announcing to the people of Chang'an, left Chang'an, with Emperor Xuanzong attended to by the imperial clan members, Yang, Wei Jiansu, the official Wei Fangjin (
50:, and though his conduct met with approbation, in the later stages of his career he was considered controllable. This, as well as his early connection to Emperor Ruizong, allowed the leading chancellor
467:
behind as rear guard—but Li Heng was subsequently detained by the soldiers, who believed that a counterattack should be launched, and eventually departed from
Emperor Xuanzong and proceeded to Lingwu.
278:
were not on good relations, and
Emperor Xuanzong did not find Chen to be an appropriate chancellor. In 754, Chen thus resigned, and initially, Emperor Xuanzong wanted to replace him with Ji Wen (
407:) and Gao Lishi spoke further, Emperor Xuanzong finally resolved to do so. He therefore had Gao take Consort Yang to a Buddhist shrine and strangle her there. Emperor Xuanzong had Li Mao (
507:
Meanwhile, Li Heng had declared himself emperor at Lingwu (as Emperor Suzong). When Emperor Suzong's messengers reached Emperor Xuanzong, he gave public approval and took the title of
154:
era (713–741), and Wei Jiansu left public service to observe a mourning period. Once the mourning period was over, he became the secretary general of the supreme court (大理寺丞,
447:; and to return to Chang'an. Emperor Xuanzong was intent on still going to Jiannan, but did not dare to offend the soldiers. At Wei E's suggestion, he proceeded to
264:). It was said that Wei was kind and forgiving, and that he was fair in selecting officials while serving as the deputy minister of civil service affairs.
423:) of Jiannan, and therefore they saw Jiannan as a potential trap. There were therefore various suggestions: to flee to Hexi (河西, headquartered in modern
752:
757:
339:, Emperor Xuanzong, under Yang's advice, decided to abandon Chang'an and flee to Jiannan Circuit (劍南, headquartered in modern
772:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
604:
600:
166:). He was subsequently recalled to be a low level official at the ministry of treasury and given the honorific title
268:
46:, then the Prince of Dan. He later served in various regional postings and senior offices at the Tang court in
31:
708:
696:
671:
621:
119:
232:), an imperial attendant. He subsequently served as acting deputy minister of public works (工部侍郎,
123:
35:
563:
111:
71:
43:
460:
39:
130:
8:
767:
762:
534:
although he allowed Wei to remain chancellor for some time. In spring 757, Wei was made
398:
59:
42:. As a young man, Wei served as a military aide to Emperor Xuanzong's father, the future
658:
day of the same month and year, which corresponds to 16 Jul 756 in the Julian calendar.
432:
703:
691:
616:
595:
683:
However, as there was no crown prince at the time, the post was entirely honorary.
401:
to death—which Emperor Xuanzong initially declined. After Wei Jiansu's son Wei E (
523:
448:
364:
325:
715:
509:
383:
746:
271:
91:
51:
20:
288:, with whom Yang also had a rivalry. Yang consulted the officials Bao Hua (
250:). In 750, he was made the deputy minister of civil service affairs (吏部侍郎,
464:
424:
370:
On July 15, Emperor Xuanzong's train reached Mawei Station (馬嵬驛, in modern
75:
55:
354:
331:
In 756, after An's forward forces defeated and captured the Tang general
95:
83:
79:
47:
275:
382:, but Li Heng was hesitated and gave no approval. Meanwhile, though,
110:) served as an official during the reigns of Emperor Ruizong's father
514:
394:
336:
332:
285:
206:
159:
115:
518:
472:
419:
379:
371:
566:. Wei was given posthumous honors and given an official burial.
476:
456:
444:
436:
375:
344:
340:
218:
210:
198:
163:
139:
87:
246:), one of the secretaries general at the executive bureau (尚書省,
176:). He then served at the ministry of defense, before he became
440:
413:) the Prince of Shou visit Wei Jiansu and give him medication.
479:), he made Wei, in addition to being the minister of defense,
527:
513:(retired emperor). He sent Wei Jiansu and other chancellors
452:
428:
318:. He also made Wei an imperial scholar at Jixian Institute (
214:
202:
104:) served as a prefectural prefect, and his father Wei Cou (
58:
late in Emperor Xuanzong's reign. During the chaos of the
82:, and traced its ancestry to a line of officials of the
186:), a consultant at either the legislative bureau (中書省,
70:
Wei Jiansu was born in 687, during the first reign of
122:, Emperor Ruizong himself, and Emperor Ruizong's son
284:). Yang opposed, because Ji was then aligned with
145:
54:to install Wei as chancellor and director of the
30:(豳忠貞公), was a Chinese politician who served as a
744:
502:
98:, and Tang. Wei JIansu's grandfather Wei Fu (
549:
539:
494:
484:
408:
402:
388:
358:
348:
319:
309:
295:
289:
279:
259:
241:
227:
181:
171:
126:, being known for his honesty and bluntness.
105:
99:
431:) and Longyou (隴右, headquartered in modern
753:Chancellors under Emperor Xuanzong of Tang
197:In 746, Wei was made the examiner of the
758:Chancellors under Emperor Suzong of Tang
569:
150:Wei Cou died during Emperor Xuanzong's
745:
633:(六月....甲午，将谋幸蜀，乃下诏亲征，仗下，从士庶恐骇，奔走于路。)
201:, Shannan (山南, i.e., modern northern
650:, vol.218. Xuanzong's biography in
13:
190:) or the examination bureau (門下省,
14:
784:
306:Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi
254:) and given the honorific title
146:During Emperor Xuanzong's reign
19:(韋見素) (687 – 25 December 762),
677:
661:
640:
627:
609:
588:
575:
550:
389:
359:
310:
290:
129:Wei Jiansu himself passed the
1:
503:During Emperor Suzong's reign
267:Meanwhile, at this time, the
65:
7:
397:and Yang Guozhong's cousin
314:), making him a chancellor
74:. His family was from the
10:
789:
654:dates these events to the
540:
495:
485:
409:
403:
349:
320:
296:
280:
260:
242:
228:
182:
172:
106:
100:
36:Emperor Xuanzong of Tang
439:) Circuits; to flee to
304:) with the designation
773:Politicians from Xi'an
581:(十二月庚戌，太子太师，邠国公韦见素薨。)
367:close to the emperor.
256:Yinqing Guanglu Daifu
131:imperial examinations
34:during the reigns of
28:Duke Zhongzhen of Bin
570:Notes and references
557:In Emperor Suzong's
491:Jinzi Guanglu Daifu
399:Consort Yang Yuhuan
363:), and eunuchs and
60:An Lushan Rebellion
546:Kaifu Yitong Sansi
433:Haidong Prefecture
238:Shangshu You Cheng
209:(黔中, i.e., modern
56:examination bureau
365:ladies in waiting
133:, and during the
120:Emperor Zhongzong
780:
704:New Book of Tang
692:Old Book of Tang
684:
681:
675:
668:New Book of Tang
665:
659:
652:New Book of Tang
644:
638:
631:
625:
617:Old Book of Tang
613:
607:
596:New Book of Tang
592:
586:
579:
553:
552:
543:
542:
498:
497:
488:
487:
412:
411:
406:
405:
392:
391:
362:
361:
352:
351:
323:
322:
313:
312:
299:
298:
293:
292:
283:
282:
263:
262:
245:
244:
231:
230:
185:
184:
175:
174:
124:Emperor Xuanzong
109:
108:
103:
102:
788:
787:
783:
782:
781:
779:
778:
777:
743:
742:
687:
682:
678:
666:
662:
645:
641:
632:
628:
614:
610:
593:
589:
580:
576:
572:
564:Emperor Daizong
505:
451:(扶風, in modern
353:), the general
294:) and Song Yu (
148:
112:Emperor Gaozong
72:Emperor Ruizong
68:
44:Emperor Ruizong
26:(會微), formally
12:
11:
5:
786:
776:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
741:
740:
716:Zizhi Tongjian
712:
700:
686:
685:
676:
660:
648:Zizhi Tongjian
639:
626:
608:
587:
573:
571:
568:
510:Taishang Huang
504:
501:
248:Shangshu Sheng
234:Gongbu Shilang
188:Zhongshu Sheng
147:
144:
67:
64:
40:Emperor Suzong
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
785:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
750:
748:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
717:
713:
710:
706:
705:
701:
698:
694:
693:
689:
688:
680:
673:
669:
664:
657:
653:
649:
643:
636:
630:
623:
619:
618:
612:
606:
602:
598:
597:
591:
584:
578:
574:
567:
565:
560:
555:
547:
537:
531:
529:
525:
520:
516:
512:
511:
500:
492:
482:
478:
474:
468:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
443:; to flee to
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
421:
414:
400:
396:
385:
381:
377:
373:
368:
366:
356:
346:
342:
338:
334:
329:
327:
317:
307:
303:
302:Wubu Shangshu
287:
277:
273:
272:Yang Guozhong
270:
265:
257:
253:
249:
239:
235:
225:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
195:
193:
189:
179:
169:
168:Chaosan Daifu
165:
161:
157:
153:
143:
141:
136:
132:
127:
125:
121:
117:
113:
97:
93:
92:Northern Zhou
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
63:
61:
57:
53:
52:Yang Guozhong
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
25:
22:
21:courtesy name
18:
714:
702:
690:
679:
667:
663:
655:
651:
647:
642:
635:Jiu Tang Shu
634:
629:
615:
611:
594:
590:
583:Jiu Tang Shu
582:
577:
558:
556:
545:
535:
532:
508:
506:
490:
480:
469:
465:Crown Prince
418:
415:
369:
330:
315:
305:
301:
266:
255:
252:Libu Shilang
251:
247:
237:
236:), and then
233:
223:
213:and western
196:
192:Menxia Sheng
191:
187:
178:Jianyi Daifu
177:
167:
156:Dali Sicheng
155:
151:
149:
134:
128:
76:Tang dynasty
69:
38:and his son
27:
23:
16:
15:
599:, vol. 74,
459:), leaving
387:Yang Xuan (
355:Chen Xuanli
269:chancellors
96:Sui dynasty
84:Han dynasty
768:762 deaths
763:687 births
747:Categories
276:Chen Xilie
224:Jishizhong
118:, brother
66:Background
32:chancellor
17:Wei Jiansu
559:Shangyuan
515:Fang Guan
481:Zuo Xiang
395:concubine
337:Tong Pass
333:Geshu Han
326:rebellion
286:An Lushan
207:Qianzhong
116:Wu Zetian
114:, mother
719:, vols.
656:ding'you
637:, vol.09
585:, vol.11
536:Zuo Puye
524:Qingyang
519:Cui Huan
473:Mianyang
420:jiedushi
380:Li Fuguo
372:Xianyang
328:in 755.
316:de facto
311:同中書門下平章事
135:Jinglong
80:Chang'an
78:capital
48:Chang'an
709:vol.118
697:vol.108
672:vol.118
622:vol.108
477:Sichuan
461:Li Heng
457:Shaanxi
445:Taiyuan
437:Qinghai
376:Shaanxi
345:Sichuan
341:Chengdu
219:Lingnan
217:), and
211:Guizhou
199:Jiangxi
164:Shaanxi
152:Kaiyuan
140:Luoyang
88:Cao Wei
605:part 2
601:part 1
551:開府儀同三司
517:, and
496:金紫光祿大夫
449:Fufeng
441:Lingwu
261:銀青光祿大夫
160:Yan'an
24:Huiwei
528:Gansu
453:Baoji
429:Gansu
425:Wuwei
384:Tufan
215:Hunan
203:Hubei
463:the
274:and
243:尚書右丞
183:諫議大夫
173:朝散大夫
737:220
733:219
729:218
725:217
721:216
554:).
541:左僕射
499:).
360:陳玄禮
350:魏方進
335:at
321:集賢院
229:給事中
205:),
194:).
142:).
749::
735:,
731:,
727:,
723:,
707:,
695:,
670:,
620:,
603:,
526:,
486:左相
475:,
455:,
435:,
427:,
410:李瑁
404:韋諤
390:楊暄
374:,
343:,
297:宋昱
291:寶華
281:吉溫
162:,
107:韋湊
101:韋福
94:,
90:,
86:,
739:.
711:.
699:.
674:.
624:.
548:(
538:(
493:(
483:(
417:(
357:(
308:(
258:(
240:(
226:(
180:(
170:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.