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game media", and in specific relation to
Higinbotham: "collecting and preserving the texts, ephemera, and artifacts that document the history and work of early game innovator and Brookhaven National Laboratory scientist William A. Higinbotham, who in 1958 invented the first interactive analog computer game,
254:
The instruction book that came with the computer described how to plot trajectories and bouncing shapes, for research. I thought, "Hell, this would make a good game." , it took me four hours to design one and a technician a couple of weeks to put it together. ... Everybody stood in line to play . The
293:
founded the
William A. Higinbotham Game Studies Collection, managed by Head of Special Collections and University Archives Kristen Nyitray and Associate Professor of Digital Cultural Studies Raiford Guins. The Collection is explicitly dedicated to "documenting the material culture of screen-based
235:. The game took Higinbotham a few weeks to complete, and was a popular attraction at the show. It was such a hit that Higinbotham created an expanded version for the 1959 exposition; this version allowed the gravity level to be changed so players could simulate tennis on
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other exhibits were pretty static, obviously. ... The game seemed to me sort of an obvious thing. Even if I had , the game would've belonged to the government.
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work. That was what he wanted to be remembered for." For this work the
Federation of American Scientists named their headquarters Higinbotham Hall in 1994.
304:, the Collection is producing a documentary on the history of the game and its reconstruction by Peter Takacs, physicist at Brookhaven National Laboratory.
217:, where he worked until his retirement in 1984. In 1958, as Head of the Instrumentation Division at Brookhaven, he created a computer game called
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202:, serving as its first chairman and executive secretary. From 1974 until his death in 1994, Higinbotham served as the technical editor of the
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190:. His team created the bomb's ignition mechanism as well as measuring instruments for the device. Higinbotham also created the
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and headed the lab's electronics group in the later years of the war, where his team developed electronics for the first
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bomber. Following his experience with nuclear weapons, Higinbotham helped found the nuclear nonproliferation group
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increased, his son
William B. Higinbotham told Brookhaven: "It is imperative that you include information on his
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They Create Worlds: The Story of the People and
Companies That Shaped the Video Game Industry, Vol. I: 1971–1982
660:
540:
214:
127:, the first interactive analog computer game and one of the first electronic games to use a graphical display.
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an editorial by John
Anderson from "Creative Computing Video & Arcade Games" Vol. 1, No. 1 / Spring 1983.
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Higinbotham remained little interested in video games, preferring to be remembered for his work in
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interviewed
Higinbotham for a story on the history of video games in the June 1983 issue of
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Smartbomb: The Quest for Art, Entertainment, and Big Bucks in the
Videogame Revolution
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Smartbomb: The Quest for Art, Entertainment, and Big Bucks in the
Videogame Revolution
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in which he dubbed
Higinbotham the "Grandfather of Video Games". Independently,
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338:"William Alfred Higinbotham: Scientist, Activist, and Computer Game Pioneer"
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In the 1980s, critics and historians began to recognize the significance of
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775:"Mission & Goals of the William A. Higinbotham Game Studies Collection"
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William A. Higinbotham Game Studies Collection at Stony Brook University
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533:"Dismantling the Fairy Engine: Media Archaeology as Topos Study"
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Media Archaeology: Approaches, Applications, and Implications
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482:"William A. Higinbotham, 84; Helped Build First Atomic Bomb"
240:
105:(October 22, 1910 – November 10, 1994) was an American
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at Williams College Archives & Special Collections
795:"News: William A. Higinbotham Game Studies Collection"
688:"The Honest-to-Goodness History of Home Video Games"
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451:"October 1958: Physicist Invents First Video Game"
311:. After his death, as requests for information on
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571:"Federation of American Scientists: FAS History"
109:. A member of the team that developed the first
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676:
919:
880:The Institute of Nuclear Materials Management
508:"Video Games - Did They Begin at Brookhaven?"
231:, the game is credited with being one of the
535:. In Huhtamo, Erkki; Parikka, Jussi (eds.).
268:in the development of video games. In 1983,
96:, the first interactive analog computer game
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654:Identified by Brookhaven as Bob Dvorak by
223:for the laboratory's annual exposition. A
147:. He earned his undergraduate degree from
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208:Institute of Nuclear Materials Management
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298:." As part of preserving the history of
213:In 1947, Higinbotham took a position at
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594:Journal of Nuclear Materials Management
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343:IEEE Annals of the History of Computing
336:Nyitray, Kristen J. (April–June 2011).
335:
204:Journal of Nuclear Materials Management
37:Higinbotham's Los Alamos identity photo
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886:Inventor William Higinbotham Biography
819:Chaplin, Heather; Ruby, Aaron (2005).
712:Chaplin, Heather; Ruby, Aaron (2005).
682:
628:. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO. p. 218.
521:
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870:on Higinbotham and his Pong precursor
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117:movement. He also has a place in the
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1258:People from Bridgeport, Connecticut
874:Who Really Invented The Video Game?
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155:. He worked on the radar system at
143:. His father was a minister in the
13:
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113:, he later became a leader in the
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950:Cathode-ray tube amusement device
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200:Federation of American Scientists
1288:People from Caledonia, New York
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480:Sullivan, Ronald (1994-11-15).
395:from the original on 2020-05-27
661:Brookhaven National Laboratory
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541:University of California Press
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215:Brookhaven National Laboratory
16:American physicist (1910–1994)
1:
898:William A. Higinbotham Papers
624:. In Wolf, Mark J. P. (ed.).
322:
243:. Higinbotham never patented
194:display for the experimental
130:
1268:Early history of video games
935:Early history of video games
720:. Algonquin Books. pp.
7:
827:. Algonquin Books. p.
626:Encyclopedia of Video Games
151:in 1932 and his studies at
10:
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943:Analog and lightbulb games
385:"Computer and Video Games"
227:simulator displayed on an
103:William Alfred Higinbotham
1273:Cornell University alumni
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620:Wolf, Mark J. P. (2012).
413:Smith, Alexander (2019).
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121:for his 1958 creation of
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30:
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1263:Manhattan Project people
317:nuclear nonproliferation
309:nuclear nonproliferation
135:Higinbotham was born in
88:Nuclear nonproliferation
1278:Williams College alumni
1202:Thomas T. Goldsmith Jr.
657:"The First Video Game?"
531:Huhtamo, Erkki (2011).
389:History of Computer Art
137:Bridgeport, Connecticut
57:Bridgeport, Connecticut
1177:John Makepeace Bennett
799:Stony Brook University
510:. Osti.gov. 2013-01-21
391:. NetArt. IASLonline.
291:Stony Brook University
257:
175:
119:history of video games
1052:Early mainframe games
453:. aps.org. 2008-10-01
252:
250:He recalled in 1983,
184:Los Alamos Laboratory
170:
999:Early Chess programs
868:The Dot Eaters entry
622:"'First' video game"
383:Highting, Goington.
356:10.1109/MAHC.2011.48
182:, he was working at
76:Gainesville, Georgia
1207:William Higinbotham
206:, published by the
159:from 1941 to 1943.
145:Presbyterian Church
141:Caledonia, New York
25:William Higinbotham
1187:David Champernowne
1128:First arcade games
487:The New York Times
275:Creative Computing
176:
153:Cornell University
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1085:The Sumerian Game
849:It is imperative.
742:It is imperative.
233:first video games
139:, and grew up in
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842:. Retrieved
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801:. 2014-11-01
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696:. Retrieved
694:. p. 40
692:Video Review
691:
664:. Retrieved
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639:. Retrieved
625:
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604:. Retrieved
600:the original
596:: A History"
593:
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575:. Retrieved
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512:. Retrieved
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367:. Retrieved
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284:Video Review
283:
280:Frank Lovece
273:
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229:oscilloscope
218:
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180:World War II
177:
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111:nuclear bomb
102:
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91:
70:(1994-11-10)
18:
1253:1994 deaths
1248:1910 births
1227:Alan Turing
1212:Josef Kates
1162:Mabel Addis
1144:Galaxy Game
937:(1947-1971)
188:atomic bomb
1242:Categories
1192:Ted Dabney
1172:Ralph Baer
971:Carmonette
844:2014-02-07
805:2012-09-01
780:2012-09-01
760:2012-09-01
737:2014-02-07
698:2013-09-13
666:2014-11-16
641:2013-05-29
606:2011-04-03
577:2011-04-03
556:2013-05-29
514:2013-05-29
493:2013-05-22
457:2023-02-22
436:2020-05-27
399:2020-05-27
369:2020-05-27
323:References
131:Early life
49:1910-10-22
1167:David Ahl
1117:Star Trek
1077:Marienbad
1069:Spacewar!
1008:Turochamp
573:. Fas.org
421:CRC Press
289:In 2011,
270:David Ahl
107:physicist
1093:Hamurabi
979:Hutspiel
393:Archived
364:46059395
239:and the
237:Jupiter
178:During
1155:People
1147:(1971)
1139:(1971)
1120:(1971)
1112:(1969)
1104:(1969)
1096:(1968)
1088:(1964)
1080:(1962)
1072:(1962)
1064:(1952)
1043:(1970)
1035:(1968)
1027:(1967)
1024:Kaissa
1019:(1956)
1011:(1948)
990:(1958)
982:(1955)
974:(1953)
966:(1951)
964:Nimrod
960:(1950)
952:(1947)
835:
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260:Legacy
225:tennis
163:Career
78:, U.S.
59:, U.S.
1040:Chess
1032:Blitz
724:–36.
360:S2CID
192:radar
833:ISBN
726:ISBN
630:ISBN
545:ISBN
425:ISBN
241:Moon
196:B-28
65:Died
43:Born
1061:OXO
352:doi
210:.
157:MIT
1244::
847:.
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47:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
