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designed by
Theodore C. Link. Initially unused, it was eventually converted to state offices. Between 1959 and 1961 it was renovated for use as a state historical museum and served that purpose until 2005 when Hurricane Katrina seriously damaged the building. After being restored from 2006 to 2009, it reopened as the Old Capitol Museum, focusing on the history of the building, Mississippi government during the time that the Old Capitol served as the capitol building, civics, and preservation .
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area. He married Mary Rew in 1805 and had taken his first apprentice by 1806. His earliest commissions in the area remain unclear, although several buildings have been suggested as candidates. He applied for
American citizenship in 1813, and in 1815, following the death of his first wife, married
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in 1845; the old capitol building became the
Alabama Central Female College in 1857. It fulfilled that role until it too burned on August 22, 1923 during renovations. Nichols' Mississippi capitol building was used until 1903, when the state government moved several blocks away to a new capitol
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in plan, the second and third floors resting upon a high rusticated stone basement. The main eastern facade featured a gabled pseudo-portico with Ionic columns. The ground level contained main entrances, with identical north and south one-story porticoes supported by
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In 1818 Nichols was employed as state architect of North
Carolina. This made him responsible for new state buildings and for repairs and improvements to existing ones. His most important commission during this time, however, was a complete remodeling of the old
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The Old
Mississippi State Capitol is the only one of Nichols' three statehouses to survive. The North Carolina State House burned in 1831 during roof repairs. However, Nichols and his son, William Nichols, Jr., did contribute to the design of the new
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elements, it included a new central rotunda surmounted by a dome. The Senate chamber and House of
Commons both included galleries supported by Ionic columns. Widely admired at the time, it drew the praise of fellow architect
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The Old
Alabama State Capitol building in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Completed during the late-1820s and destroyed in 1923. Stabilized ruins of the central rotunda and architectural fragments remain in situ.
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151:-style architecture in the 18th century. He was brought up in a family of builders, learning the trade through them. Nichols emigrated to North Carolina in 1800, initially settling in the
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Nichols relocated to
Alabama in 1827, after receiving a commission from the legislature there to become the new state architect and build a state capitol building in the new capital of
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columns, each column carved from a single shaft of sandstone. A dome surmounted the central rotunda and was topped by a lantern that admitted light into the space.
192:. It was abandoned following the Civil War and eventually demolished. Nichols was involved in numerous private projects during this time, as well as projects at the
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building that served as the library and nucleus of the campus. This building and all but one of
Nichols' structures were burned to the ground by the
753:
379:
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274:, Nichols applied for the post of state architect for Mississippi. Although he didn't receive the job at the time, he was later summoned to
282:. The configuration and ornament on the new building reflected his earlier statehouses in North Carolina and Alabama, on a grander scale.
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Ionic portico was designed by
Nichols in 1830. The house was destroyed by fire in 1966. Ruined columns remain at the site.
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The Architecture of William Nichols: Building the Antebellum South in North Carolina, Alabama, and Mississippi
396:(1822–23) at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. (Altered 1844–48)
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181:. Another of his jobs was the 1825 remodeling of the Governor's Palace at the end of Fayetteville Street in
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The Nichols-designed University of Alabama campus as it appeared in 1859. Destroyed in 1865.
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The Mississippi Governors Mansion, completed in 1839. Still used for its intended purpose.
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429:. The only Nichols-designed building to survive the destruction of the campus.
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In 1833, with a letter of recommendation from his friend, Alabama Governor
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who emigrated to the United States and became most famous for his early
565:. University, Alabama: University of Alabama Art Gallery. pp. 1–6.
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Hayes Plantation House, completed in 1817 in Edenton, North Carolina.
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While working on the Alabama statehouse, Nichols also designed the
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The Forks of Cypress began as a Federal-style house in 1820. The
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172:, which he completed in 1822. Incorporating Palladian and early
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North Carolina Architects and Builders: A Biographical Directory
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Eagle Lodge in Hillsborough, North Carolina, completed in 1823.
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The Lyceum at the University of Mississippi, completed in 1848.
590:. The NCSU Libraries Digital Scholarship and Publishing Center
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Christ Episcopal Church (1826–29) in Raleigh, North Carolina.
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Rosemount, designed in 1832 and main block completed in 1835.
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of the University of Alabama (1831) in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.
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George E. Badger House (1827) in Raleigh, North Carolina.
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in 1835 to fill the post and assume construction of the
107:(1780 – December 12, 1853) was an English-born
730:(University Press of Mississippi, 2015). xx, 336 pp.
702:. University Press of Mississippi. pp. 160–61.
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Wake County Jail (1825) in Raleigh, North Carolina.
326:, and David Paton. The capital of Alabama moved to
435:(1831) in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. (Altered in 1882)
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646:Mississippi Department of Archives and History
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561:Mellown, Robert O.; Peatross, C. Ford (1979).
185:, which included the addition of a monumental
35:Old Mississippi State Capitol building in 2010
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384:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
667:"The Burning of the University of Alabama"
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29:
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673:. Spring 1990 (16): 30–45. Archived from
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512:Davidson County Courthouse (1824–25) in
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754:English emigrants to the United States
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726:Kapp, Paul Hardin, with Todd Sanders.
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505:Guilford County Courthouse (1820s) in
451:(Designed 1832, completed 1835) near
441:(Designed 1831, completed 1833) near
789:People from New Bern, North Carolina
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139:William Nichols was born in 1780 in
700:The Architecture of William Nichols
642:"Old Capitol Museum: The Architect"
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799:People from Lexington, Mississippi
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16:English-born architect (1780–1853)
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531:(1827–29) in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.
764:American neoclassical architects
759:19th-century American architects
211:. The new capitol building was
90:Old North Carolina State Capitol
471:(1842) in Jackson, Mississippi.
119:. He designed statehouses for
794:Architects from Bath, Somerset
774:Architects from North Carolina
619:"Variations on a Capitol Plan"
584:"Nichols, William (1780-1853)"
469:Mississippi Governor's Mansion
287:Mississippi Governor's Mansion
285:Nichols went on to design the
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459:Old Mississippi State Capitol
289:, completed in 1842, and the
94:Old Mississippi State Capitol
537:(1830) in Florence, Alabama.
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404:Hillsborough, North Carolina
320:North Carolina State Capitol
194:University of North Carolina
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784:Architects from Mississippi
617:Mellown, Robert O. (2005).
388:Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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698:Kapp, Paul Hardin (2015).
563:William Nichols, architect
507:Greensboro, North Carolina
496:North Carolina State House
235:for the newly established
170:North Carolina State House
665:Center, Clark E. (1990).
529:Old Alabama State Capitol
514:Lexington, North Carolina
479:University of Mississippi
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295:University of Mississippi
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92:Old Alabama State Capitol
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769:Greek Revival architects
115:-style buildings in the
779:Architects from Alabama
500:Raleigh, North Carolina
433:Christ Episcopal Church
414:Raleigh, North Carolina
374:Edenton, North Carolina
324:Alexander Jackson Davis
280:new Mississippi capitol
370:Hayes Plantation House
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299:Lexington, Mississippi
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245:University of Virginia
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67:Lexington, Mississippi
423:University of Alabama
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237:University of Alabama
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463:Jackson, Mississippi
105:William Nichols, Sr.
625:. Summer 2005 (77).
483:Oxford, Mississippi
427:Tuscaloosa, Alabama
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255:on April 4, 1865.
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453:Forkland, Alabama
443:Forkland, Alabama
382:(1822–37) at the
239:. Influenced by
145:English Palladian
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63:(aged 72–73)
59:December 12, 1853
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419:Gorgas House
380:Gerrard Hall
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113:Neoclassical
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61:(1853-12-12)
749:1853 deaths
744:1780 births
400:Eagle Lodge
179:Ithiel Town
129:Mississippi
738:Categories
681:2009-11-29
651:2009-11-29
594:2009-11-29
548:References
461:(1839) in
412:(1824) in
402:(1823) in
328:Montgomery
272:John Gayle
264:peripteral
253:Union Army
209:Tuscaloosa
75:Occupation
490:Destroyed
449:Rosemount
439:Thornhill
213:cruciform
135:Biography
109:architect
87:Buildings
78:Architect
50:, England
394:Old West
335:Projects
153:New Bern
293:at the
276:Jackson
249:rotunda
190:portico
183:Raleigh
125:Alabama
706:
475:Lyceum
340:Extant
305:Legacy
291:Lyceum
218:Doric
187:Ionic
704:ISBN
149:Adam
147:and
141:Bath
127:and
56:Died
48:Bath
44:1780
41:Born
481:in
425:in
386:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
