287:
310:. Concerns were expressed that this could in turn give rise to sulfuric acid leading to concrete damage. Controversy continued for some years and the handling of the problem itself was criticized. In 2004, an aeration plant was installed to address the root cause, as had been called for 18 years earlier. Subsequent controversy surrounded the politics of a small town being used as an experiment for new construction technology.
36:
302:
However, as soon as the lake began filling, significant leakage was evident through the seams of the layers of concrete. The lake was drained and a $ 2 million remedial effort included injecting grout through bores drilled from top to bottom. The initial rate of leakage was 33 cubic meters per
298:
between
November 1981 and February 1983. Construction completed nearly on schedule, despite the workers initially being unfamiliar with the materials, processing, and techniques. It came in less than its budget of $ 50 million at $ 35 million. The dam's construction validated economic and
282:
Construction feasibility tests in 1972 placed a few layers of roller-compacted concrete. A 1:36 model (one inch equals three feet) was built and studied to determine downstream flooding and pool siltation characteristics as affected by the dam's spillway.
303:
second (1,200 cu ft/s). After remediation, the leakage was less than 11 cubic meters per second (390 cu ft/s). Concern over the dam's safety has continued, especially with the memory of the 1903 flash flood.
299:
construction speed benefits where 330,000 cubic meters (430,000 cu yd) of concrete were finished in less than five months at about $ 17 per cubic meter ($ 13/yd), which includes additional efforts to correct defects.
265:
A major flood killed approximately one quarter of
Heppner's population in June 1903—about 250 people. The flooding creek flow was 36,000 cubic feet per second (1,000 m/s) as a result of a
528:
720:
242:. The dam's original purpose was primarily to store water for flood control, but also to serve recreation, fish and wildlife, and irrigation uses. The dam impounds
253:
The lake level can be a maximum of 2,113.5 feet (644.2 m) elevation and a minimum of 2,063.0 feet (628.8 m) for a total usable storage capacity of 9,765
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65:
735:
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In 1979, the purpose of a dam project was changed to defer irrigation development for the future and eliminate water supply and water quality control.
453:
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A flood control study was completed in 1962 at a total cost of $ 219. In 1965, a flood control project was authorized by U.S. Congress.
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497:
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Within a few years of construction, problems were noted with stratification of the water and anoxic decomposition producing
478:
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383:"Two Jobs Not for the Faint of Heart: "Changing site conditions" on South American dams take on a new meaning"
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Heppner, in the foreground, is protected by Willow Creek Dam from arid basin drainage subject to thunderstorms
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is 96 square miles (250 km) of arid rolling hills in the lower basin but with headwaters in the northern
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382:
659:
228:
730:
457:
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529:"Willow Creek Dam Spillway and Stilling Basin at Heppner, Oregon. Hydraulic Model Investigation"
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Significance of Tests and
Properties of Concrete and Concrete-Making Materials (STP, 169c)
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227:'s city limits. It was the first major dam in the United States constructed of
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589:
US Army Corps of
Engineers, Technical Assistance Team (October 21, 2003).
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479:"89-298 Flood Control Act of 1965, Section 204, Columbia River Basin"
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53:
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devices to circulate the water were installed in 2009.
496:Paul Klieger; Joseph F. Lamond (January 1, 1994).
380:
721:Buildings and structures in Morrow County, Oregon
712:
621:
531:. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from
526:
415:. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Archived from
357:US Army Corps of Engineers (June 18, 1997).
736:United States Army Corps of Engineers dams
548:
411:Columbia Basin Water Management Division.
34:
707:US Army Corps of Engineers, 1903 and 1971
16:For other places with the same name, see
622:Douglas Larson (January–February 2008).
579:(start date conflicts with USACE source)
549:Douglas Larson (January–February 2008).
544:
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612:(secure connection certificate invalid)
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381:Stephen H. Daniels (August 19, 2002).
269:caused by thunderstorms, known as the
40:Willow Creek Dam and Willow Creek Lake
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319:American Society of Civil Engineers
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116:$ 37,231,332 (as of June 18, 1997)
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439:willow Creek Disaster Documentary
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294:The dam was constructed by the
751:Roller-compacted concrete dams
705:Photo gallery of Heppner flood
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1:
746:1983 establishments in Oregon
527:J. L. Lencioni (April 1983).
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188:96 square miles (250 km)
124:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
7:
591:"Roller Compacted Concrete"
413:"Willow Creek Dam and Lake"
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10:
772:
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196:126 acres (51 ha) max
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229:roller-compacted concrete
198:95 acres (38 ha) min
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677:"ASCE Honors and Awards"
240:Umatilla National Forest
387:Engineering News-Record
331:List of lakes in Oregon
296:Army Corps of Engineers
223:, located just east of
97:Construction began
741:Dams completed in 1983
321:(ASCE) award in 1985.
291:
113:Construction cost
81:45.34695°N 119.54463°W
535:on February 27, 2012.
289:
271:Heppner Flood of 1903
257:(12,045,000 m).
454:"Individual Project"
147:160 feet (49 m)
86:45.34695; -119.54463
359:"Willow Creek Lake"
184:Catchment area
178:(12,045,000 m)
172:(16,340,000 m)
165:Total capacity
77: /
23:Dam in Oregon, U.S.
628:American Scientist
556:American Scientist
504:ASTM International
292:
640:10.1511/2008.69.6
569:10.1511/2008.69.6
513:978-0-8031-2053-2
248:Willow Creek Lake
202:
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193:Surface area
160:Willow Creek Lake
129:Dam and spillways
105:Opening date
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679:. Archived from
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308:hydrogen sulfide
205:Willow Creek Dam
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29:Willow Creek Dam
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731:Heppner, Oregon
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624:"Reliably Safe"
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551:"Reliably Safe"
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506:. p. 567.
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317:The dam won an
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726:Dams in Oregon
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699:External links
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236:drainage basin
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174:usable 9,765
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168:gross 13,250
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50:Morrow County
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756:Gravity dams
685:. Retrieved
681:the original
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654:
643:. Retrieved
631:
627:
617:
605:. Retrieved
598:the original
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572:. Retrieved
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533:the original
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483:the original
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462:. Retrieved
458:the original
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421:. Retrieved
417:the original
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362:. Retrieved
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244:Willow Creek
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138:Willow Creek
54:Oregon, U.S.
18:Willow Creek
267:flash flood
121:Operator(s)
84: /
72:119°32′41″W
60:Coordinates
715:Categories
687:2009-08-31
645:2009-08-30
607:2009-08-30
574:2009-08-30
464:2009-08-31
423:2009-08-30
392:2009-08-30
364:2009-08-30
337:References
246:to create
234:The dam's
217:U.S. state
69:45°20′49″N
660:"Unknown"
255:acre-feet
176:acre-feet
170:acre-feet
152:Reservoir
634:(1): 6.
563:(1): 6.
325:See also
312:SolarBee
134:Impounds
46:Location
261:History
225:Heppner
215:of the
157:Creates
510:
221:Oregon
144:Height
663:(PDF)
601:(PDF)
594:(PDF)
207:is a
508:ISBN
108:1983
100:1979
636:doi
565:doi
219:of
211:in
209:dam
717::
632:96
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561:96
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553:.
541:^
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401:^
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373:^
345:^
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52:,
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648:.
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610:.
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20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
