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58:. The partial substitution of fly ash for Portland Cement is an important aspect of RCC dam construction because the heat generated by fly ash hydration is significantly less than the heat generated by Portland Cement hydration. This in turn reduces the thermal loads on the dam and reduces the potential for thermal cracking to occur. RCC is a mix of cement/fly ash, water, sand,
175:
In the quarter century following the construction of the Willow Creek Dam, considerable research and experimentation yielded many improvements in concrete mix designs, dam designs and construction methods for roller-compacted concrete dams. By 2008, about 350 RCC dams existed worldwide. As of 2018,
155:
at a further cost of $ 2 million, which initially reduced the leakage by nearly 75%; over the years, seepage has since decreased to less than 10% of its initial flow. Concern over the dam's long-term safety has continued however, although only indirectly related to its RCC construction. Within a few
150:
between
November 1981 and February 1983. Construction proceeded well, within a fast schedule and under budget (estimated $ 50 million, actual $ 35 million). On initial filling though, it was found that the leakage between the compacted layers within the dam body was unusually high. This condition
130:
For dam applications, RCC sections are built lift-by-lift in successive horizontal layers resulting in a downstream slope that resembles a concrete staircase. Once a layer is placed, it can immediately support the earth-moving equipment to place the next layer. After RCC is deposited on the lift
97:
near
Sondrio in North Italy between 1961 and 1964. Concrete was laid in a similar form and method but not rolled. RCC had been touted in engineering journals during the 1970s as a revolutionary material suitable for, among other things, dam construction. Initially and generally, RCC was used for
164:, and thus accelerate damage to the concrete. The controversy itself, as well as its handling, continued for some years. In 2004 an aeration plant was installed to address the root cause in the reservoir, as had been suggested 18 years earlier.
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placements. Roller-compacted concrete has many time and cost benefits over conventional mass concrete dams; these include higher rates of concrete placement, lower material costs and lower costs associated with post-cooling and
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years of construction, problems were noted with stratification of the reservoir water, caused by upstream pollution and anoxic decomposition, which produced
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that has essentially the same ingredients as conventional concrete but in different ratios, and increasingly with partial substitution of
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because the low cement content and use of fly ash cause less heat to be generated while curing than do conventional
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backfill, sub-base and concrete pavement construction, but increasingly it has been used to build concrete
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In dam construction, roller-compacted concrete began its initial development with the construction of the
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and common additives, but contains much less water. The produced mix is drier and essentially has no
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Brazilian
International Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) Symposium, Salvador, Brazil, 7Sept. 2008
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Non-conventional
Concrete Dams on Rock Foundations: a critical review of patents and licences
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surface, small dozers typically spread it in one-foot-thick (about 30 cm) layers.
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27:, nearing completion in this photo, is the largest RCC dam in North America.
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401:"Ethiopia inaugurates tallest RCC dam in world built by Salini Impregilo"
264:"U. S. Society on Dams holds annual meeting and conference in California"
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gas. Concerns were expressed that this could in turn give rise to
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213:"Roller-Compacted-Concrete Dams: Design and Construction Trends"
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Database of
Worldwide Roller Compacted Concrete Dams
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1017:International Federation for Structural Concrete
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366:US Army Corps of Engineers (June 18, 1997).
134:The first RCC dam built in the USA was the
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451:
316:
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180:in Ethiopia, at 250 m, with the Pakistani
317:Larson, Douglas (January–February 2008).
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347:(start date conflicts with USACE source)
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66:. RCC is placed in a manner similar to
18:
16:Concrete blend used in dam construction
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388:RCC – New Developments and Innovations
194:List of roller-compacted concrete dams
446:
229:
176:the highest dam of this type was the
580:Ground granulated blast-furnace slag
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151:was treated by traditional remedial
997:Institution of Structural Engineers
302:, Taylor & Francis, 1997, p.111
114:
23:The rebuilt upper reservoir of the
13:
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270:. PennWell Corporation. 2010-04-16
204:
14:
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1108:Concrete buildings and structures
426:
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138:on Willow Creek, a tributary in
298:Iď¸ U︡riÄ Borisovich Mgalobelov,
288:Roller Compacted concrete (RCC)
70:; the material is delivered by
1118:Roller-compacted concrete dams
495:Roman architectural revolution
393:
359:
292:
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232:Roller Compacted Concrete Dams
126:, RCC gravity dam, Oregon, USA
1:
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184:under construction at 272 m.
146:. It was constructed by the
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7:
1012:Portland Cement Association
987:American Concrete Institute
356:Portland Cement Association
187:
10:
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490:Ancient Roman architecture
211:Abdo, Fares (2008-11-01).
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1002:Indian Concrete Institute
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32:Roller-compacted concrete
234:. Taylor & Francis.
86:, and then compacted by
46:) is a special blend of
148:Army Corps of Engineers
780:Alkali–silica reaction
538:Energetically modified
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82:or specially modified
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170:
122:
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765:Environmental impact
623:Reversing drum mixer
230:Berga, Luis (2003).
433:History of Concrete
368:"Willow Creek Lake"
178:Gilgel Gibe III Dam
171:Gilgel Gibe III Dam
1113:Building materials
868:Self-consolidating
560:Water–cement ratio
410:. 17 December 2016
324:American Scientist
173:
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78:, spread by small
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1082:Category:Concrete
863:Roller-compacting
684:Climbing formwork
533:Calcium aluminate
505:Roman engineering
337:10.1511/2008.69.6
241:978-90-5809-564-0
182:Diamer-Bhasha Dam
88:vibratory rollers
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992:Concrete Society
803:Fiber-reinforced
618:Volumetric mixer
510:Roman technology
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158:hydrogen sulfide
136:Willow Creek Dam
124:Willow Creek Dam
115:Dam applications
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205:Further reading
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56:Portland cement
40:rolled concrete
25:Taum Sauk plant
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980:Organizations
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956:Step barrier
917:Applications
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828:Nanoconcrete
714:Power trowel
699:Power screed
689:Slip forming
662:Construction
412:. Retrieved
407:
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371:. Retrieved
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340:. Retrieved
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272:. Retrieved
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220:. Retrieved
217:Hydro Review
216:
174:
133:
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100:gravity dams
92:
43:
39:
35:
31:
30:
934:hollow-core
893:Waste light
888:Translucent
848:Prestressed
775:Segregation
760:Degradation
648:Cover meter
585:Silica fume
520:Composition
72:dump trucks
1097:Categories
1033:Eurocode 2
971:Structures
858:Reinforced
818:Lunarcrete
798:AstroCrete
755:Durability
750:Properties
628:Slump test
600:Production
590:Metakaolin
414:15 January
373:2009-08-30
342:2009-08-30
274:2010-04-19
250:References
222:2017-04-16
80:bulldozers
1064:Hempcrete
1026:Standards
853:Ready-mix
770:Recycling
565:Aggregate
548:Rosendale
76:conveyors
60:aggregate
44:rollcrete
1103:Concrete
1057:See also
1048:EN 10080
1043:EN 206-1
1038:EN 197-1
897:Aerated
838:Polished
833:Pervious
808:Filigree
704:Finisher
679:Formwork
543:Portland
474:Concrete
331:(1): 6.
188:See also
153:grouting
109:formwork
48:concrete
1007:Nanocem
966:Columns
843:Polymer
743:Science
709:Grinder
669:Precast
575:Fly ash
482:History
142:of the
52:fly ash
929:waffle
878:Sulfur
734:Tremie
729:Sealer
694:Screed
638:Curing
528:Cement
238:
140:Oregon
68:paving
961:Roads
883:Tabby
790:Types
724:Float
653:Rebar
608:Plant
555:Water
64:slump
38:) or
924:Slab
906:RAAC
823:Mass
813:Foam
719:Pump
416:2020
236:ISBN
54:for
901:AAC
333:doi
74:or
36:RCC
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307:^
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42:(
34:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
