205:
56:
19:
321:(VRA), modified in 1975, provided additional help for individuals who do not speak English. This affects around 14 census areas in Alaska where individuals must have help in Native Alaskan languages. Into the twenty-first century, many villages in Alaska that have large Alaska Native populations continue to face barriers to voting.
185:, and had 143 signatures. Both of the petitions and the bill passed by the House were presented to the Senate where it also passed. It was the first bill to pass through both House and Senate in the Alaskan Territory. The women's suffrage bill was signed into law on March 21, 1913. This law did not include
172:
presented
Hatcher's petition. Stroup's bill was also introduced at the first Territorial Legislature. One member of the House, Charles E. Ingersoll, attempted to stall the bill, but the rest of the House stopped the delay and continued deliberations. While the House was voting, another petition for
221:(ANS) was formed three years later in 1915. A law passed by the Territorial Legislature allowed Alaskan Natives to vote if they gave up their "tribal customs and traditions." Native women largely were not able to vote after the passage of the
306:(Tlingit), a president of the ANS testified about how it felt to be subject to segregation. Peratrovich's speech helped turn sentiment towards the bill. After hours of debate, the bill was passed and signed into law on February 16, 1945. The
212:
While non-native women had largely gained voting rights, Alaska
Natives still had an uncertain path to the vote. Some indigenous women were considered citizens through their marriage to white men, but most Alaska Natives were not. The
1626:
1616:
301:
When the Alaska
Territorial Legislation opened in 1945, one of the top issues was dealing with civil rights for Native Alaskans. Alaska Natives "turned out in full force" to the hearings. During the proceedings
43:(WCTU). After Alaska was admitted as a territory, the first Territorial Legislature passed a women's suffrage bill in 1913 and was signed into law on March 21. This law only applied to non-native women since
1601:
298:. The publicity surrounding her arrest led to Schenck being elected the Queen of Nome in 1944. Another young activist who also staged a sit in at a theater in Nome was Holger Jorgensen (Inupiaq).
1606:
1493:
525:
1568:
1473:
1433:
196:
used a wagon, called the Pullen House Bus, to help women reach polling locations in Alaska. Pullen supported temperance and her wagon had a sign that read, "Vote Dry and
Protect Your Home."
47:
were not considered citizens of the United States. Alaska
Natives continued to fight for the right to vote, along with other civil rights throughout the twentieth and twenty-first century.
1621:
1448:
1363:
1563:
1538:
1418:
1308:
1508:
1488:
1463:
1438:
1428:
1413:
1553:
1398:
1408:
1388:
1611:
1184:
Guise, Holly Miowak (2020). "Elizabeth
Peratrovich, the Alaska Native Sisterhood, and Indigenous Women's Activism, 1943-1947". In Zarnow, Leandra; Taranto, Stacie (eds.).
102:
who advocated for women's right to vote in the territory. In 1912 Hatcher drafted and solicited signatures on a women's suffrage petition to the
Territorial Legislature.
278:
was needed. A bill was sent to the territorial legislature in 1943, but was narrowly defeated. Gruening actively recruited Alaska
Natives through the ANB and by 1944,
239:
and illiterate voters in the state. Paul gave illiterate voters a template individuals could place over the ballot and be able to vote in a manner Paul approved of.
182:
39:
in 1913. Prior to becoming a territory, non-native women were able to vote in school board elections. Women's suffrage work took place in the Alaska chapters of the
1301:
222:
313:
When Alaska became a state, the new constitution specified a more lenient literacy test. In 1970, the Alaska state legislature adopted women's suffrage and a
243:(Tlingit) was arrested for helping Charlie Jones (Tlingit) vote since Alaska did not consider them citizens. After winning in court, the case helped set a
340:
150:
1294:
157:(NAWSA) about introducing a women's suffrage bill for Alaska. Other members of NAWSA lobbied Alaska legislators as soon as they had been elected.
1242:"'Why Should I Go Vote Without Understanding What I Am Going to Vote For?' The Impact of First Generation Voting Barriers on Alaska Natives"
637:
165:
154:
1378:
965:
1220:
335:
310:
ended segregation of Native
Alaskans. However, there was still discrimination against Native Alaskans accessing their right to vote.
1317:
345:
204:
678:
71:
the right to vote and women the right to vote in school board elections. Early white women's rights activists were active in the
1657:
55:
145:
to the
Alaskan Territory bill that would allow the territorial legislature to approve women's suffrage without the need for a
122:
came out in favor of women's suffrage in Alaska. Overall, the press was also supportive of women's suffrage in the state. The
1528:
72:
40:
218:
214:
1533:
1523:
1518:
1498:
1483:
1478:
1353:
1230:
1195:
828:
394:
1593:
1573:
1443:
776:
127:
110:
leader for five years. During this time she advocated for women's suffrage and helped women with voting issues. In
1558:
1453:
1393:
1368:
1358:
1348:
802:
307:
83:
WCTU was very active in their own community. Members of the Alaska WCTU eventually felt that to pass successful
1578:
1458:
1373:
1343:
1333:
266:
state with different areas and rules for non-native and indigenous people. ANB protested the segregation with
1652:
1513:
1468:
1383:
1071:
1047:
1543:
1423:
751:
119:
1647:
1548:
1503:
1403:
703:
330:
107:
95:
318:
1122:
1286:
588:
275:
228:
1104:
1077:
1053:
987:
252:
248:
134:
64:
1209:
1106:
458:
303:
287:
138:
8:
99:
84:
76:
32:
966:"Native American History of Voting: Events and Experiences of Indigenous Women's Voting"
1263:
1172:
1164:
263:
1241:
1267:
1226:
1205:
1191:
1176:
279:
103:
1588:
1253:
1156:
1105:
Alaska Advisory Committee to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights (March 27, 2018).
988:"The 19th Amendment, Elizabeth Peratrovich, and the Ongoing Fight for Equal Rights"
235:) fought for indigenous people's right to vote during the 1920s. He organized both
115:
1185:
283:
271:
111:
80:
193:
186:
178:
161:
88:
44:
91:
were voted on and issued on an annual basis in Territorial Alaska since 1908.
1641:
317:
ratified a constitutional amendment against literacy tests in the state. The
256:
18:
484:
1258:
295:
1240:
Tucker, James Thomas; Landreth, Natalie A.; Lynch, Erin Dougherty (2017).
240:
1325:
1281:
314:
146:
1168:
1143:
1083:
291:
1078:
Alaska Advisory Committee to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights 2018
1054:
Alaska Advisory Committee to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights 2018
244:
217:(ANB) was formed in 1912 to support the civil rights of Natives. The
174:
169:
142:
1160:
679:"Alaska Native Sisterhood celebrates 100th anniversary in Wrangell"
236:
1316:
1059:
1020:
267:
232:
1144:"Jim Crow in Alaska: The Passage of the Alaska Equal Rights Act"
752:"William Paul, Sr., and the Alaska Voters' Literacy Act of 1925"
68:
36:
526:"Votes for Women, Woman Suffrage in Alaska: A Resource List"
485:"Libraries, Archives, Museums: Alaska's Suffrage Star: Home"
1037:
1035:
294:) was arrested for resisting segregation in a theater in
208:
Alaska Natives in Wrangell, Alaska, between 1915 and 1925
1222:
Saloons, Prostitutes, and Temperance in Alaska Territory
756:
Alaska History: Journal of the Alaska Historical Society
606:
571:
569:
567:
565:
563:
918:
870:
550:
548:
546:
1187:
Suffrage at 100: Women in American Politics Since 1920
1032:
1010:
1008:
935:
933:
660:
658:
560:
369:
247:
that Alaska Natives could legally vote. In 1924, the
803:"SJ Names Place to Honor Tlingit Woman, Tillie Paul"
730:
728:
726:
724:
618:
543:
357:
286:(Tlingit) were elected into office. Also that year,
1239:
1089:
1065:
1026:
1005:
973:
Kathryn M. Buder Center for American Indian Studies
945:
930:
906:
894:
882:
858:
846:
655:
436:
424:
412:
67:passed a law in 1904, giving all adult citizens in
1225:. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press.
1142:
130:newspaper, "actively supported" women's suffrage.
777:"Tillie Paul Tamaree & the Tlingit Community"
721:
259:that was meant to suppress the votes of Natives.
199:
106:arrived in Alaska in 1912 where she served as an
87:efforts meant they would need the right to vote.
59:Harriet Pullen and her "Pullen House Bus" in 1914
1639:
524:Beeton, Beverly; Parham, R. Bruce (July 2020).
489:Alaska State Libraries, Archives, & Museums
395:"The Life of Cornelia Templeton Jewett Hatcher"
341:Women's suffrage in states of the United States
225:because of questions about their citizenship.
35:was won fairly easily for non-native women in
1302:
1190:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
1123:"Alaska Native Women's Long Road to Suffrage"
829:"History and Culture: Citizenship Act – 1924"
173:women's suffrage was on its way to Juneau by
523:
155:National American Woman Suffrage Association
94:One member of the Alaskan chapters of WCTU,
1214:. New York: J.J. Little & Ives Company.
160:When the Territorial Legislature opened in
1309:
1295:
255:. The next year, however, Alaska passed a
177:. The petition came from three women from
1257:
704:"First Territorial Legislature of Alaska"
1120:
1041:
676:
375:
203:
114:, women lobbied congressional delegate,
54:
17:
677:Sostaric, Katarina (October 12, 2015).
1640:
1204:
963:
749:
575:
363:
336:Timeline of women's suffrage in Alaska
1318:Women's suffrage in the United States
1290:
1218:
1183:
771:
769:
745:
743:
734:
624:
612:
554:
442:
430:
418:
392:
346:Women's suffrage in the United States
1140:
1014:
951:
939:
924:
912:
900:
888:
876:
864:
852:
664:
519:
517:
515:
513:
511:
509:
507:
505:
453:
451:
388:
386:
384:
189:except under certain circumstances.
1141:Cole, Terrence M. (November 1992).
985:
670:
149:. One of the territorial senators,
50:
13:
766:
740:
482:
73:Women's Christian Temperance Union
41:Women's Christian Temperance Union
14:
1669:
1275:
1090:Tucker, Landreth & Lynch 2017
1066:Tucker, Landreth & Lynch 2017
1027:Tucker, Landreth & Lynch 2017
638:"Citizenship for Native Veterans"
502:
448:
381:
181:, Ada Brownell, Ida E. Green and
96:Cornelia Templeton Jewett Hatcher
1246:Michigan Journal of Race and Law
1219:Spude, Catharine Holder (2015).
762:(1): 17–38 – via Alaskool.
393:Lapka, Alyssa (March 13, 2019).
979:
957:
833:Northern Plains Reservation Aid
821:
795:
781:Presbyterian Historical Society
696:
630:
589:"Alaska and the 19th Amendment"
581:
308:Alaska Equal Rights Act of 1945
476:
200:Alaska Native women and voting
1:
1211:The History of Woman Suffrage
1107:"Alaska Native Voting Rights"
809:. October 19, 1979. p. 5
351:
23:
1149:Western Historical Quarterly
120:Western Federation of Miners
118:, for women's suffrage. The
7:
817:– via Newspapers.com.
750:Haycox, Stephen W. (1986).
463:Alaska Women's Hall of Fame
324:
10:
1674:
1658:Women's suffrage in Alaska
1098:
992:U.S. National Park Service
708:U.S. National Park Service
593:U.S. National Park Service
331:List of Alaska suffragists
1587:
1324:
1121:Christen, Morgan (2019).
530:Alaska Historical Society
399:Alaska Historical Society
319:Voting Rights Act of 1965
215:Alaska Native Brotherhood
1617:Northern Mariana Islands
219:Alaska Native Sisterhood
164:in 1913, Representative
153:was in contact with the
141:included language in an
108:American Socialist Party
964:Catron, Krista (2019).
276:anti-discrimination law
192:After the bill passed,
183:Francis Turner Pedersen
1259:10.36643/mjrl.22.2.why
253:Indian Citizenship Act
249:United States Congress
209:
135:United States Congress
65:United States Congress
60:
29:
1130:Western Legal History
304:Elizabeth Peratrovich
207:
124:Daily Alaska Dispatch
58:
21:
1653:Suffrage referendums
1282:Alaska Suffrage Star
807:Daily Sitka Sentinel
783:. September 17, 2020
223:Nineteenth Amendment
1627:U.S. Virgin Islands
1114:Advisory Memorandum
459:"Lena Morrow Lewis"
22:Alaska suffragists
1648:Politics of Alaska
1206:Harper, Ida Husted
1179:– via JSTOR.
1092:, p. 342-343.
927:, p. 440-441.
879:, p. 434-435.
615:, p. 223-224.
210:
77:Territorial Alaska
61:
30:
1635:
1634:
280:Frank Peratrovich
137:, Representative
104:Lena Morrow Lewis
1665:
1602:Washington, D.C.
1589:Federal District
1311:
1304:
1297:
1288:
1287:
1271:
1261:
1236:
1215:
1201:
1180:
1146:
1137:
1127:
1117:
1111:
1093:
1087:
1081:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1030:
1024:
1018:
1012:
1003:
1002:
1000:
998:
983:
977:
976:
970:
961:
955:
949:
943:
937:
928:
922:
916:
910:
904:
898:
892:
886:
880:
874:
868:
862:
856:
850:
844:
843:
841:
839:
825:
819:
818:
816:
814:
799:
793:
792:
790:
788:
773:
764:
763:
747:
738:
732:
719:
718:
716:
714:
700:
694:
693:
691:
689:
674:
668:
662:
653:
652:
650:
648:
642:Nebraska Studies
634:
628:
622:
616:
610:
604:
603:
601:
599:
585:
579:
573:
558:
552:
541:
540:
538:
536:
521:
500:
499:
497:
495:
480:
474:
473:
471:
469:
455:
446:
440:
434:
428:
422:
416:
410:
409:
407:
405:
390:
379:
373:
367:
361:
262:Alaska became a
151:Arthur G. Stroup
139:Frank W. Mondell
116:James Wickersham
51:Women's suffrage
33:Women's suffrage
28:
25:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1592:
1583:
1320:
1315:
1278:
1233:
1198:
1125:
1109:
1101:
1096:
1088:
1084:
1076:
1072:
1064:
1060:
1052:
1048:
1040:
1033:
1025:
1021:
1013:
1006:
996:
994:
986:Johnson, Erik.
984:
980:
968:
962:
958:
950:
946:
938:
931:
923:
919:
911:
907:
899:
895:
887:
883:
875:
871:
863:
859:
851:
847:
837:
835:
827:
826:
822:
812:
810:
801:
800:
796:
786:
784:
775:
774:
767:
748:
741:
733:
722:
712:
710:
702:
701:
697:
687:
685:
675:
671:
663:
656:
646:
644:
636:
635:
631:
623:
619:
611:
607:
597:
595:
587:
586:
582:
574:
561:
553:
544:
534:
532:
522:
503:
493:
491:
481:
477:
467:
465:
457:
456:
449:
441:
437:
429:
425:
417:
413:
403:
401:
391:
382:
374:
370:
362:
358:
354:
327:
288:Alberta Schenck
272:Ernest Gruening
202:
187:Alaskan Natives
112:Skagway, Alaska
89:Liquor licenses
81:Skagway, Alaska
53:
26:
12:
11:
5:
1671:
1661:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1607:American Samoa
1604:
1598:
1596:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1529:South Carolina
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1494:North Carolina
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1330:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1314:
1313:
1306:
1299:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1277:
1276:External links
1274:
1273:
1272:
1252:(2): 327–382.
1237:
1231:
1216:
1202:
1196:
1181:
1161:10.2307/970301
1155:(4): 429–449.
1138:
1118:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1094:
1082:
1070:
1068:, p. 336.
1058:
1046:
1031:
1029:, p. 330.
1019:
1017:, p. 449.
1004:
978:
956:
954:, p. 447.
944:
942:, p. 445.
929:
917:
915:, p. 440.
905:
903:, p. 439.
893:
891:, p. 436.
881:
869:
867:, p. 430.
857:
855:, p. 433.
845:
820:
794:
765:
739:
720:
695:
669:
667:, p. 432.
654:
629:
627:, p. 225.
617:
605:
580:
578:, p. 713.
559:
557:, p. 217.
542:
501:
475:
447:
445:, p. 213.
435:
433:, p. 211.
423:
421:, p. 219.
411:
380:
368:
366:, p. 714.
355:
353:
350:
349:
348:
343:
338:
333:
326:
323:
282:(Tlingit) and
201:
198:
194:Harriet Pullen
52:
49:
45:Alaska Natives
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1670:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1590:
1586:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1569:West Virginia
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1474:New Hampshire
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1434:Massachusetts
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1307:
1305:
1300:
1298:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1234:
1232:9780806149974
1228:
1224:
1223:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1197:9781421438696
1193:
1189:
1188:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1108:
1103:
1102:
1091:
1086:
1079:
1074:
1067:
1062:
1055:
1050:
1044:, p. 98.
1043:
1042:Christen 2019
1038:
1036:
1028:
1023:
1016:
1011:
1009:
993:
989:
982:
974:
967:
960:
953:
948:
941:
936:
934:
926:
921:
914:
909:
902:
897:
890:
885:
878:
873:
866:
861:
854:
849:
834:
830:
824:
808:
804:
798:
782:
778:
772:
770:
761:
757:
753:
746:
744:
736:
731:
729:
727:
725:
709:
705:
699:
684:
680:
673:
666:
661:
659:
643:
639:
633:
626:
621:
614:
609:
594:
590:
584:
577:
572:
570:
568:
566:
564:
556:
551:
549:
547:
531:
527:
520:
518:
516:
514:
512:
510:
508:
506:
490:
486:
483:Carney, Amy.
479:
464:
460:
454:
452:
444:
439:
432:
427:
420:
415:
400:
396:
389:
387:
385:
378:, p. 90.
377:
376:Christen 2019
372:
365:
360:
356:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
328:
322:
320:
316:
311:
309:
305:
299:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
274:felt that an
273:
269:
265:
260:
258:
257:literacy test
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
224:
220:
216:
206:
197:
195:
190:
188:
184:
180:
176:
171:
167:
163:
158:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
131:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
98:, was also a
97:
92:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
57:
48:
46:
42:
38:
34:
20:
16:
1534:South Dakota
1524:Rhode Island
1519:Pennsylvania
1499:North Dakota
1338:
1249:
1245:
1221:
1210:
1186:
1152:
1148:
1136:(1): 89–100.
1133:
1129:
1113:
1085:
1080:, p. 2.
1073:
1061:
1056:, p. 1.
1049:
1022:
997:November 11,
995:. Retrieved
991:
981:
972:
959:
947:
920:
908:
896:
884:
872:
860:
848:
836:. Retrieved
832:
823:
811:. Retrieved
806:
797:
785:. Retrieved
780:
759:
755:
711:. Retrieved
707:
698:
686:. Retrieved
682:
672:
645:. Retrieved
641:
632:
620:
608:
596:. Retrieved
592:
583:
533:. Retrieved
529:
494:November 11,
492:. Retrieved
488:
478:
466:. Retrieved
462:
438:
426:
414:
402:. Retrieved
398:
371:
359:
312:
300:
296:Nome, Alaska
261:
229:William Paul
227:
211:
191:
170:Knik, Alaska
159:
132:
123:
93:
62:
31:
15:
1622:Puerto Rico
1594:Territories
1449:Mississippi
1364:Connecticut
838:November 9,
813:November 9,
787:November 9,
713:November 9,
688:November 8,
647:November 9,
598:November 8,
576:Harper 1922
535:November 9,
468:November 9,
404:November 9,
364:Harper 1922
284:Andrew Hope
270:. Governor
251:passed the
241:Tillie Paul
27: 1916
1642:Categories
1564:Washington
1484:New Mexico
1479:New Jersey
1354:California
1326:U.S. state
735:Guise 2020
625:Spude 2015
613:Spude 2015
555:Spude 2015
443:Spude 2015
431:Spude 2015
419:Spude 2015
352:References
315:referendum
264:segregated
166:Milo Kelly
147:referendum
128:Republican
100:suffragist
85:temperance
75:(WCTU) in
1574:Wisconsin
1539:Tennessee
1444:Minnesota
1419:Louisiana
1268:149117802
1177:163528642
1015:Cole 1992
952:Cole 1992
940:Cole 1992
925:Cole 1992
913:Cole 1992
901:Cole 1992
889:Cole 1992
877:Cole 1992
865:Cole 1992
853:Cole 1992
665:Cole 1992
245:precedent
175:steamship
143:amendment
1559:Virginia
1509:Oklahoma
1489:New York
1464:Nebraska
1454:Missouri
1439:Michigan
1429:Maryland
1414:Kentucky
1394:Illinois
1369:Delaware
1359:Colorado
1349:Arkansas
1208:(1922).
325:See also
268:boycotts
237:literate
1579:Wyoming
1554:Vermont
1459:Montana
1399:Indiana
1379:Georgia
1374:Florida
1344:Arizona
1334:Alabama
1116:: 1–17.
1099:Sources
292:Inupiaq
233:Tlingit
133:In the
1514:Oregon
1469:Nevada
1409:Kansas
1384:Hawaii
1339:Alaska
1266:
1229:
1194:
1175:
1169:970301
1167:
179:Seward
162:Juneau
79:. The
69:Alaska
37:Alaska
1544:Texas
1424:Maine
1389:Idaho
1264:S2CID
1173:S2CID
1165:JSTOR
1126:(PDF)
1110:(PDF)
969:(PDF)
1612:Guam
1549:Utah
1504:Ohio
1404:Iowa
1227:ISBN
1192:ISBN
999:2020
840:2020
815:2020
789:2020
715:2020
690:2020
683:KTOO
649:2020
600:2020
537:2020
496:2020
470:2020
406:2020
126:, a
63:The
1254:doi
1157:doi
168:of
1644::
1262:.
1250:22
1248:.
1244:.
1171:.
1163:.
1153:23
1151:.
1147:.
1134:30
1132:.
1128:.
1112:.
1034:^
1007:^
990:.
971:.
932:^
831:.
805:.
779:.
768:^
758:.
754:.
742:^
723:^
706:.
681:.
657:^
640:.
591:.
562:^
545:^
528:.
504:^
487:.
461:.
450:^
397:.
383:^
24:c.
1591:,
1310:e
1303:t
1296:v
1270:.
1256::
1235:.
1200:.
1159::
1001:.
975:.
842:.
791:.
760:2
737:.
717:.
692:.
651:.
602:.
539:.
498:.
472:.
408:.
290:(
231:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
