400:, the Minister for Local Government. This was met by widespread public approval and emergence of proposals to build an archaeological park on the site in place of the office development, despite the fact the site was a north-facing, steep one and not suited to becoming a public park. During this period of hiatus, the Corporation explored other sites to develop, including one on Waterford Street, but these were all rejected. Instead it was proposed that the four blocks be relocated on the site to allow for the unobstructed view of the Cathedral from the quays, the lack of which was highlighted as a concern in the cease order. On 13 February 1974, Tully announced the scheme was go ahead which the office block moved to the Fishamble Street side of the site.
29:
456:. The large volume of objects excavated from the site is due to the fact the soil conditions were anaerobic, allowing for organic materials, predominately made of wood, to be very well preserved. From the objects discovered, it establishes that not only were agricultural goods traded, but also luxuries like combs and jewellery. The excavations were concluded in March 1981, and now most of the quay is occupied by Dublin City Council's Civic Offices which opened in 1986. While ultimately the campaign for the preservation of Wood Quay was not successful, it highlighted the lack of legal protection for sites of this nature, which has since been addressed.
45:
321:
259:
392:. They took place over an area of 4 acres, and uncovered 100 dwellings, thousands of objects, and a large amount of environmental evidence which covered 5 centuries of medieval occupation of the site. The site has been characterised as less Viking and more "Hiberno-Scandinavian" or "Hiberno-Norse", and represented a prosperous commercial centre. The area was also shown to have been densely populated and confirmed the area as one of the earliest inhabited areas of the city.
409:
52:
493:. This tower was first discovered in the 17th century, but most of it was destroyed and covered in. Because of the dig, the construction of underground parking facilities for a planned development on the site could not be constructed at their intended location. The tower ruins are now viewable through railings on Lower Exchange Street, and the car park ramp is further to the left.
424:, who was the chairman of the Friends of Medieval Dublin. The campaign resulted in a large protest march on 23 September 1978, attended by 20,000 people called "Save Wood Quay". On 1 June 1979, a number of 52 protesters began a three-week sit-in at the site, dubbed "Operation Sitric". Among those in the group was the architect Michael Scott, poet
376:. An oral hearing was held in March 1971, with Molloy eventually confirming the decision by Macken in July 1972. This approval had 15 conditions, including "that all reasonable opportunities and facilities shall be afforded to the National Monuments Advisory Council to inspect, record and recover matter of archaeological interest" from the site.
476:
as influential on the buildings' stark design. The first phase of the development cost over £20 million, with the 2 granite faced blocks the most expensive office blocks built in Dublin at the time of their completion. This was ten times the original estimate for redeveloping the entire site in 1967.
367:
The plans were submitted for planning approval, resulting in two city departments rejecting the plans on technical grounds. However, the city manager, Matt Macken, decided to override these objections and grant full approval on 24 December 1970. More than 30 groups and individuals lodged objections,
448:
commented that the clear rejection of the desires of the public both through protest and local elections to save the site was "the most terrifying event in this country over the past twenty years". The development went ahead, but the extra time spent over the protests and legal battles over the
464:
During the hiatus in the project during the early 1970s, and the resulting reconfiguration of the site, Stephenson reworked his original designs. Rather than the initial pre-cast blocks, with flat roofs, and projecting windows, the new design featured chamfered roofs, granite cladding and
348:. Critical response to the designs was poor, and the fact that it appeared the Corporation themselves would choose the winner with no architectural input was met with shock and derision. After some pressure, a 12 man board of assessors was appointed to select the winning scheme.
340:, this design was abandoned. By special compulsory purchase order, the Corporation began assembling the site, having the full plot by 1967. At this time, demolition of the existing buildings began, including that of O'Meara's pub on the corner of Winetavern Street.
465:
deep-recessed slit windows. The
Corporation was exempt from requiring fresh planning permission for such a radical redesign. With the cost of the development rising, the Corporation decided to split the development into 2 phases.
343:
The
Corporation then announced a competition to developers which would see them select a design for the development, publishing a 4-page brief on the requirements. In November 1968, they exhibited the models of the 6 finalists at
395:
The excavations were first disrupted in May 1973, after which bulldozers destroyed areas of the site over the course of 3 months, including a newly discovered section of city wall. A cease order was issued in
November 1973 by
449:
preservation of the site meant that the excavations were more extension than initially planned. Though parts of the excavations are deemed to have been rushed and incomplete due to manner in which the work unfolded.
335:
in
January 1956 finally. The first design was by Jones and Kelly, and would have completely obscured the view of the cathedral from the quays. After some criticism of the plan, including strong concern from the
404:
states this was "worst possible solution" and that the modern office blocks "will never be a success and it is our opinion is that they will clash with
Christchurch Cathedral in a very incongruous manner".
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surmised that none of the designs made much effort to lessen their impact on
Christchurch Cathedral or to consider it as part of the wider built environment. Among those who entered designs were
486:
364:. Stephenson's design for the Green Property Group was selected as the winner, which a design including 4 office blocks in varying heights from 5 to 10 storeys.
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at intervals between 1973 and 1981 after some initial exploration of the site in 1969. The excavations stipulated by the planning permission were led by
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Finds made during the excavations of the site led to a significant public campaign to halt the development. This was led by Prof.
295:. Two bridges cross the river at Wood Quay, one at the eastern and the other at the western end. The bridge at the eastern end is
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acquired Wood Quay gradually from the 1950s, having voted on the plans for the new office development on 4-acres in front of
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deemed the site to be a
National Monument, but the Corporation and the Commissioners of Public Works subverted this.
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Dublin: The City Within the Grand and Royal Canals and the
Circular Road with the Phoenix Park
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The Irish House pub on the corner of Wood Quay and
Winetavern Street prior to demolition.
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885:, Medieval Dublin Excavations 1962–81, Series B, vol. 7, Royal Irish Academy, Dublin,
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The large cost overruns resulted in the rest of the development being put on hold.
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Large-scale archaeological excavations were conducted on the site by the
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In a later excavation between 1990 and 1993 further along the quay at
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270:. The sculpture is intended to invoke the prow of a Viking longship
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307:(formerly Richmond Bridge) named after the 19th century Fenian.
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The site is bounded on the north side by Wood Quay on the
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Artefacts from the excavations are now on display in the
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Stones of Dublin: A History of Dublin in Ten Buildings
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cited Stephenson's admiration of the German architect
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436:. Over 80 cultural and social groups, including the
570:"Wood Quay: revealing the heart of Viking Dublin"
303:. The bridge at the westerly end of Wood Quay is
1641:
372:. Many also appealed to the relevant minister,
869:Wood Quay: The Clash over Dublin's Viking Past
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440:, appealed for the site to be preserved. The
338:Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland
1660:Office buildings in the Republic of Ireland
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68:
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251:settlement. It is now the location of the
33:Dublin City Council buildings on Wood Quay
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855:Viking Dublin Exposed: The Wood Quay Saga
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908:Video of Wood Quay protest march in 1979
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883:Medieval Pottery from Wood Quay, Dublin
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1650:Archaeological sites in County Dublin
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370:National Monuments Advisory Council
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871:, University of Texas Press 1988.
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88:Was originally surfaced with wood
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262:Wooden Sculpture 'Wood Quay' by
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43:
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648:Simpson, Linzi (4 March 2014).
568:Marchini, Lucia (1 June 2017).
226:offices, archaeological remains
1:
808:Griffith, Lisa Marie (2014).
650:"Heritage outrage: Wood Quay"
508:
857:, O'Brien Pr, Dublin, 1984,
7:
1549:South Great George's Street
1127:North Great George's Street
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412:Wood Quay demonstration on
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10:
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454:National Museum of Ireland
386:National Museum of Ireland
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829:The Destruction of Dublin
793:. Yale University Press.
789:Casey, Christine (2005).
243:) is a riverside area of
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1539:Sir John Rogerson's Quay
867:Thomas Farel Heffernan,
827:McDonald, Frank (1985).
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380:20th century excavations
96:130 m (430 ft)
16:Riverside area of Dublin
316:Plans for redevelopment
266:outside the offices of
1655:Quays in Dublin (city)
1122:North Frederick Street
944:Streets in Dublin city
831:. Gill and MacMillan.
460:The office development
417:
333:Christchurch Cathedral
325:
305:O'Donovan Rossa Bridge
271:
240:
182:O'Donovan Rossa Bridge
104:30 metres (98 ft)
69:
1181:South of River Liffey
1152:Seán McDermott Street
812:. The Collins Press.
487:Lower Exchange Street
411:
323:
261:
1574:Sydney Parade Avenue
1554:South William Street
1067:Great Denmark Street
1017:Cathal Brugha Street
1604:Westmoreland Street
1544:South Circular Road
1479:Northumberland Road
1112:North Circular Road
687:"WOOD QUAY 1978-79"
574:Current Archaeology
291:and on the east by
268:Dublin City Council
253:Dublin City Council
247:that was a site of
224:Dublin City Council
150: /
23:
1559:St Andrew's Street
1529:Ship Street Little
1469:Mount Street Lower
1249:Clanbrassil Street
1244:Christchurch Place
1097:Marlborough Street
881:Clare McCutcheon,
774:, p. 289-290.
762:, p. 296-297.
714:, p. 288-289.
635:, p. 293-296.
553:, p. 292-293.
541:, p. 291-292.
481:Later developments
418:
360:and Partners, and
354:Desmond FitzGerald
329:Dublin Corporation
326:
287:, on the south by
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207:Construction start
21:
1637:
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1619:Winetavern Street
1519:Sandymount Avenue
1499:Parliament Street
1459:Molesworth Street
1399:Heytesbury Street
1319:Earlsfort Terrace
1234:Bull Alley Street
1167:Summerhill Parade
1132:North Strand Road
1117:North Earl Street
1007:Buckingham Street
863:978-0-86278-066-1
819:978-1-84889-219-4
800:978-0-30010-923-8
693:. 29 October 2011
691:Irish Independent
438:Council of Europe
285:Winetavern Street
283:, on the west by
230:
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178:Winetavern Street
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1589:Tritonville Road
1489:New Bride Street
1484:Newbridge Avenue
1464:Morehampton Road
1379:Harcourt Terrace
1339:Fishamble Street
1137:O'Connell Street
1072:Henrietta Street
1022:Cathedral Street
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442:Irish High Court
293:Fishamble Street
192:Fishamble Street
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154:53.345°N 6.271°W
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1374:Harcourt Street
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1092:Marino Crescent
1062:Gardiner Street
1032:Dominick Street
997:Blackhall Place
992:Beresford Place
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848:Further reading
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468:The journalist
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1569:Stephen Street
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1424:Lansdowne Road
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1419:Kildare Street
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1414:James's Street
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1384:Hawkins Street
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1369:Grafton Street
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1329:Eustace Street
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1314:D'Olier Street
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1289:Crampton Court
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1269:College Street
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1194:Ailesbury Road
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1157:Sheriff Street
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1142:Parnell Street
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1082:Home Farm Road
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1027:Clonliffe Road
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987:Benburb Street
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414:Kildare Street
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368:including the
362:Sam Stephenson
350:Desmond Leslie
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297:Grattan Bridge
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241:An Ché Adhmaid
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1214:Bow Lane West
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1209:Baggot Street
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1199:Anglesea Road
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1172:Talbot Street
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1087:Jervis Street
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1047:Eccles Street
1045:
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1037:Dorset Street
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972:Amiens Street
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772:McDonald 1985
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738:, p. 15.
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736:Griffith 2014
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724:McDonald 1985
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633:McDonald 1985
629:
623:, p. 39.
622:
621:Griffith 2014
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611:, p. 24.
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609:Griffith 2014
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434:Rita Childers
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358:Michael Scott
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301:Henry Grattan
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188:East end
186:
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170:West end
168:
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37:
30:
25:
19:
1623:
1599:Westland Row
1444:Merrion Road
1394:Herbert Road
1389:Herbert Park
1359:Georges Quay
1344:Fleet Street
1294:Cuffe Street
1254:Clare Street
1229:Britain Quay
1224:Bride Street
1219:Boyne Street
1162:Store Street
1147:Queen Street
1107:Moore Street
1077:Henry Street
1057:Foley Street
1012:Capel Street
967:Abbey Street
953:River Liffey
882:
868:
854:
828:
809:
790:
767:
755:
743:
731:
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695:. Retrieved
690:
681:
669:
657:. Retrieved
653:
628:
616:
604:
577:. Retrieved
573:
546:
534:
522:
503:Dublin quays
484:
474:Albert Speer
467:
463:
451:
426:Eavan Boland
422:F. X. Martin
419:
394:
383:
374:Bobby Molloy
366:
342:
327:
281:River Liffey
278:
232:
231:
210:Medieval era
202:Construction
18:
1629:York Street
1579:Tara Street
1514:Raglan Road
1494:Park Avenue
1454:Misery Hill
1409:Hume Street
1404:High Street
1364:Golden Lane
1304:Dame Street
1284:Cork Street
1102:Mary Street
977:Arbour Hill
398:James Tully
390:Pat Wallace
289:John's Lane
157: /
133:Coordinates
123:Postal code
65:Native name
1644:Categories
1274:The Coombe
1259:Clyde Road
1002:Bloom Lane
877:0292790422
748:Casey 2005
697:28 January
659:19 January
579:19 January
509:References
430:Mary Lavin
255:offices.
196:Essex Quay
142:53°20′42″N
70:Cé Adhmaid
1624:Wood Quay
1324:Ely Place
1299:Dame Lane
1185:Southside
1052:Eden Quay
958:Northside
951:North of
428:, writer
402:An Taisce
346:City Hall
233:Wood Quay
220:Known for
145:6°16′16″W
22:Wood Quay
497:See also
275:Location
109:Location
85:Namesake
782:Sources
311:History
117:Ireland
889:
875:
861:
835:
816:
797:
432:, and
416:, 1978
249:Viking
245:Dublin
113:Dublin
93:Length
73:
514:Notes
237:Irish
215:Other
101:Width
77:Irish
887:ISBN
873:ISBN
859:ISBN
833:ISBN
814:ISBN
795:ISBN
699:2021
661:2021
581:2021
127:D08
1646::
689:.
652:.
640:^
589:^
572:.
558:^
356:,
239::
194:,
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1183:(
960:)
956:(
936:e
929:t
922:v
841:.
822:.
803:.
701:.
663:.
583:.
235:(
79:)
75:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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