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the school starting around 1794, perhaps to learn skills to be economically self-sufficient rather than to teach members of the household as expected of
Republican Motherhood. The school had a board of "gentlemen visitors," who presented students with awards based upon their performance in an academic discipline or for good behavior, which was awarded to students who displayed proper manners and a mild temperament. Prizes for excellence fueled the school's competitive nature, which mirrored the atmosphere of boy's academies of the time. No other girls' school was granted a charter until 1829, but the academy served as a precursor to hundreds of academies established widely throughout the Republic.
41:. Historians often cite Republican Motherhood as the reason women's education rose to prominence in the early Republic. Due to the idea that women were to educate members of their household on concepts of virtue, access to education for women gained broader support. However, women who embodied Republican Motherhood were restricted in the scope of their education; their learning was supposed to focus on serving home and family, that is, the domestic sphere. Historian Margaret Nash describes access to women's education in the early Republic as a means to spreading knowledge to the greater society as a whole, rather than as an end for women themselves.
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a speech to visitors of the academy, Rush noted that maintaining the wellness of the young
Republic and promoting the values of each citizen being equally entitled to liberty "make it necessary that our ladies should be qualified to a certain degree by a peculiar and suitable education, to concur in instructing their sons in the principles of liberty and government." He himself taught a chemistry course at the academy.
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graduate, was the original principal of the institution. Students came from many different areas of the United States and originally held the understanding that they were "scholars" and had an opportunity only afforded to the elite. However, daughters of immigrants and less wealthy students attended
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and many other contemporaries viewed the academy as an institution established to promote these ideas of
Republican Motherhood. Rush believed that women's education ought to be practical for domestic tasks, as well as include traditional academic disciplines such as history and geography. Indeed, in
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and founded by John Poor on June 4, 1787, it was chartered on
January 7, 1792. It provided young women with a diverse curriculum, notably teaching students about various components of English, science, arithmetic, history, and geography.
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was the first government recognized institution established for women's higher education in the United States. Located on Cherry Street, between Third and Fourth
Streets in
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Rush, Benjamin. "Thoughts on Female
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Rush, Benjamin. "Thoughts on Female
Education." Speech, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, July 28, 1787. Accessed November 8, 2018.
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was well situated as a location for the school as a significant cultural center in the United States. John Poor, founder and
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Nash, Margaret A. (1997). "Rethinking
Republican Motherhood: Benjamin Rush and the Young Ladies' Academy of Philadelphia".
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Nash, Margaret A. (1997). "Rethinking
Republican Motherhood: Benjamin Rush and the Young Ladies' Academy of Philadelphia".
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McMahon, Lucia (2009). "'"Of the Utmost
Importance to Our Country': Women, Education, and Society, 1780-1820".
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Savin, Marion B.; Abrahams, Harold J. (1957). "The Young Ladies' Academy of Philadelphia".
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Savin, Marion B.; Abrahams, Harold J. (1957). "The Young Ladies' Academy of Philadelphia".
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