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558:'s anti-patriotic activity, Orlov decided to support him, while recollecting the well memorized spells of the 1930s, in which some academics demanded the death penalty for others already arrested; later some of these academics themselves were arrested, with some academics who were not arrested demanding the death penalty for them.
710:
issued a statement about Orlov's health deterioration, "He has frequent headaches and dizzy spells, resulting from an old skull injury. He suffers from kidney and prostate inflammation, low blood pressure, rheumatic pains, toothaches, insomnia and vitamin deficiency. Medical care in the labor camp is
613:
The courtroom was filled with some 50 individuals selected by the authorities, while supporters and friends of Orlov, including Andrei
Sakharov, were barred from entering because there was no room. Orlov's summation was interrupted many times by the judge and the prosecutor and by spectators who
788:
In 1990, Gorbachev restored Soviet citizenship to Orlov and other 23 prominent exiles and emigres who lost the right in the period from 1966 to 1988. Orlov told
Gorbachev, "I would say you have a very great power in your hands, the K.G.B., and you should therefore carry out your reforms without
833:
In 2004, Orlov expressed his opinion about Russia and
Vladimir Putin by saying, "Russia is flying backwards in time. Putin is like Stalin, and he speaks in the language of the thug, the mafia." On 24 March 2005, Orlov wrote a letter to Putin to express disquiet over the criminal prosecution of
566:
circulation. The
Western press published the letter in 1974 but publication in the Russian press was only in 1991. In the early 1970s, the article by Yuri Orlov "Is a Non-Totalitarian Type of Socialism Possible?" also appeared in underground samizdat circulation.
691:, then Perm Camp 35 and 37. In Perm Camp 37, he mounted three hunger strikes to make the prison authorities return his confiscated writings and notes. Two articles written by him in the camp were smuggled and published abroad. On 5 July 1983, Austrian Chancellor
509:
What is the meaning of life? That your soul may outlive your remains in something sacred and should escape decay ... I have again looked at, added up, corrected, and sized up what I have been doing during these last years and have seen that this is good ...
621:. Orlov also argued that he circulated such information for humanitarian, not subversive, reasons. On 15 May 1978, Orlov was sentenced to seven years of a labor camp and five years internal exile for his work with the Moscow Helsinki Group.
609:
On 10 February 1977, Orlov was arrested. In March 1977, Orlov published the article about his arrest "The road to my arrest." In a closed trial, he was denied the right to examine evidence and to call witnesses.
5634:
462:
Yuri Orlov was born into a working-class family on 13 August 1924 and grew up in a village near Moscow. His parents were
Klavdiya Petrovna Lebedeva and Fyodor Pavlovich Orlov. In March 1933, his father died.
4065:
561:
Defending
Sakharov, Orlov on 16 September 1973 wrote "Open Letter to L.I. Brezhnev about the Reasons for the Intellectual Backwardness in the USSR and Proposals to Overcome It" which appeared in underground
293:
389:
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Basket III: implementation of the
Helsinki Accords. Hearings before the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe. Ninety-fifth congress. First session on implementation of the Helsinki Accords
754:
said, "As for Orlov, we're very delighted with this happy occurrence. We would like to meet with him if he comes to this country, but I don't know that he will. I have no way of knowing his plans."
715:. He lost a good deal of weight and most of his teeth. Orlov's wife said he looked emaciated and that she was "very fearful for my husband's health. The authorities are gradually killing him."
551:
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750:. Orlov's release from exile and expulsion from the USSR lifted hopes among Westerners that the Helsinki process might finally start yielding progress. Former US President
5368:
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shouted "spy" and "traitor." According to Orlov's wife Irina, hostile spectators in the courtroom applauded the sentence and shouted: "You should have given him more."
390:
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1148:
617:
Orlov at the trial argued that he has a right to criticize the government and a right to circulate such criticism under the freedom of information provisions of the
501:"killers who were in power" and put forward the requirement of "democracy on the basis of socialism." For his pro-democracy speech in 1956, he was expelled from the
5348:
2727:
1693:
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awarded him the
Nicholson Medal for Humanitarian Service. In 2005, he was named the first recipient of the Andrei Sakharov Prize, awarded biennially by the
5619:
5239:
5135:
3380:
Bromley, Allan; Feshbach, Herman; Garvey, Gerald; Hyde, Earl; Keller, Lewin; Weneser, Joseph (August 1978). "Soviet boycott by US physicists over Orlov".
5649:
5504:
5439:
5409:
5378:
5259:
5244:
2924:"A man who would not be silenced: Sakharov: he saw scientific, political and moral realities as one equation, and he died still warning about 'tomorrow'"
742:
On 30 September 1986, the KGB proposed to expel Orlov from the Soviet Union after depriving him of his Soviet citizenship and met with approval from the
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and became its chairman. Andrei
Sakharov praised Orlov for systematically documenting Soviet violations of the human rights provisions of the
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In the summer of 1978, 2,400 American scientists including physicists at the
University of California's Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory created
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113:
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Hyman, Lloyd; Katz, Joseph; O'Connor, Timothy; Peshkin, Murray; Ringo, Roy (21 October 1977). "Concerning Y. Orlov and A. Sharansky".
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1978:
823:
awarded him the 2021 Robert R. Wilson Prize for Achievement in the Physics of Particle Accelerators for his scientific work and for "
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656:(SOS), an international movement to promote and protect the human rights of scientists. An initiator of SOS was American physicist
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while serving nine years in prison and internal exile for monitoring the Helsinki human rights accords, he was declared a
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fearing anyone at all. Afterward, you should liquidate the K.G.B., because it is a cancer." On 18 July 1991, Orlov and
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In 1956, Orlov nearly lost his scientist career due to his speech at the party meeting about discussion of the report "
2977:
1329:
2624:"First Andrei Sakharov Prize for human rights goes to Cornell physicist and former Soviet gulag prisoner Yuri Orlov"
525:
degree in 1963. He became an expert on particle acceleration. In 1968, he was elected a corresponding member of the
2382:
450:. Following his release from exile, Orlov was allowed to emigrate to the U.S. and became a professor of physics at
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to honor scientists for exceptional work in promoting human rights. In 2020, a few days before Orlov died, the
3127:
Anthology of samizdat. Uncensored literature in the USSR. The 1950s–1980s. In 3 volumes. Volume 3. After 1973
1004:
45:
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Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, Jimmy Carter, 1978, Book 1: January 1 to June 30, 1978
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expressed his concern over the severity of the sentence and the secrecy of the trial. Washington senator
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781:. He authored and co-authored numerous research papers, articles on human rights, and an autobiography,
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2994:
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1751:
1422:
379:
3325:[The man of the day Yuri Orlov, the founder and first chairman of the Moscow Helsinki Group].
3133:(in Russian). Moscow: Международный институт гуманитарно-политических исследований. pp. 191–205.
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Asia Advisory and Academic Freedom Committees, and member of the Honorary 25th Anniversary Committee,
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1973:
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3122:Антология самиздата. Неподцензурная литература в СССР. 1950–1980-е.: В 3-х томах: т. 3: после 1973
2308:
Human rights activism and the end of the Cold War: a transnational history of the Helsinki network
1624:
Human rights activism and the end of the Cold War: a transnational history of the Helsinki network
597:
determined, "The need has thus emerged to terminate the actions of Orlov, fellow Helsinki monitor
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3090:[Is a non-totalitarian type of socialism possible?]. In Akhmetiev I.; Kulakov V. (eds.).
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906:"2021 Robert R. Wilson Prize for Achievement in the Physics of Particle Accelerators Recipient"
746:. Orlov's discharge from Siberian exile was part of the U.S.–Soviet deal to release journalist
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Birman, Joseph; Lizhi, Fang; Winick, Herman; Chudnovsky, Eugene; Orlov, Yuri (August 1994).
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3323:"Человек дня – Юрий Орлов, основатель и первый председатель Московской Хельсинкской Группы"
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3119:[Is a non-totalitarian type of socialism possible?]. In Igrunov, Vyacheslav (ed.).
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3252:. Vol. IV. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1977. pp. 67–69.
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Potok, Chaim; Slepak, Leonid; Slepak, Vladimir; Slepak, Alexander; Slepak, Maria (2010).
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incarcerations, are dramatic cases in point" when discussing Soviet breaches of law. The
423:
314:
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Sessler, Andrew (November 1986). "Reflections occasioned by the release of Yuri Orlov".
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2270:[On the deprivation of citizenship and expulsion of Orlov Yu F. from the USSR]
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2706:В Москве прошла презентация фильма "Они выбрали свободу" об истории диссидентов в СССР
2489:
Sessler, Andrew (1991). "Book Review: Dangerous Thoughts: Memoirs of a Russian Life".
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3979:Юбилейный вечер Юрия Орлова (Anniversary evening of Yuri Orlov, 19 min, in Russian)
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and special troops have been systematically deporting thousands of Armenians from
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Sweet, William (May 1987). "Orlov provides perspectives on Gorbachev's reforms".
3488:
2963:
2690:
2531:
1412:
839:
676:
642:
555:
318:
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2274:(in Russian). Soviet archives collected by Vladimir Bukovsky. 30 September 1986.
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Sakharov, Andrei; Meiman, Naum (March–April 1982). "The plight of Yuri Orlov".
2753:
1820:
1675:
1396:
707:
657:
4066:
Working Commission to Investigate the Use of Psychiatry for Political Purposes
3977:
3411:
Carr, Bruce (May 1977). "Physicists petition Soviet Academy on Orlov arrest".
3349:
2879:
Orlov, Yuri; Bethell, Nicholas (May 1987). "Out of the Gulag and into exile".
2870:
2853:
1875:
1858:
294:
Robert R. Wilson Prize for Achievement in the Physics of Particle Accelerators
5558:
5414:
4983:
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4783:
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Orlov, Yuri (January 1982). "The wave logic of consciousness: a hypothesis".
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2096:
2030:
1904:
1772:
1488:
1372:
1208:
1128:
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935:[Orlov Yuri Fyodorovich (b. 1924)] (in Russian). The Sakharov Center.
869:
726:
and was allowed to buy a house with a garden. On 14 November 1985, Professor
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211:
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4443:
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4123:
3848:
3535:
Jacobs, Michael (December 1979). "Yuri Orlov's wife fears for his health".
3496:
2071:"Orlov's sentence causes third U.S. physicist group to cancel Russian trip"
790:
751:
712:
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575:
191:
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117:
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835:
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467:
38:
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4673:
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4233:
2837:
2714:
798:
486:
49:
5635:
Amnesty International prisoners of conscience held by the Soviet Union
3941:
3910:
3879:
3558:
3527:
3434:
3403:
3234:
2588:"For the Soviet emigres, Gorbachev stirs both optimism and skepticism"
2512:
1189:
838:, Yuri Samodurov, and Ludmila Vasilovskaya in the case concerning the
668:". 43 physicists have called off Soviet trips to protest his jailing.
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589:. Orlov ignored orders to disband the Moscow Helsinki Group when the
3988:
3448:
Biographical dictionary of dissidents in the Soviet Union: 1956–1975
2148:
About the letter by Bruno Kreisky to the Soviet leader Yuri Andropov
1492:
Biographical dictionary of dissidents in the Soviet Union: 1956–1975
570:
In 1973, he was fired after becoming a founding member of the first
85:
4828:
4378:
3269:
563:
151:
3504:
Jacobs, Michael (June 1979). "Current response to Orlov jailing".
1945:"Sakharov, scientists, and human rights; a personal recollection"
802:
765:
as a scientist and professor. Orlov was a visiting fellow at the
723:
700:
534:
341:
Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism and Propagation of Radio Waves
340:
57:
37:
Not to be confused with the fictional lead character in the film
3817:
Shapley, Deborah (2 June 1978). "Handler protests Orlov trial".
664:
have spoken out against Orlov's imprisonment for "disseminating
1262:"Man in the news; a pragmatic crusader: Yuri Fyodorovich Orlov"
719:
681:
547:
494:
109:
2742:
Orlov, Yuri (Spring–Summer 1974). "Letter to L.I. Brezhnev".
2248:"Russian dissident Yuri Orlov close to death, says scientist"
978:"Yuri Orlov vows he'll continue to struggle for human rights"
498:
4035:
Initiative Group for the Defense of Human Rights in the USSR
3793:
3450:. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 405–406.
1846:. Vol. LXXXV, no. 159. 16 July 1978. pp. 1–2.
1551:
744:
Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
601:
and others once and for all, on the basis of existing law."
5625:
Expelled members of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
2917:. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. pp. 62–67.
2766:
Orlov, Yuri (Spring 1979). "On prisoners in Soviet camps".
1575:"Harshly treated: Orlov: ordeal for symbol of dissent ends"
766:
661:
3442:
De Boer, S. P.; Driessen, Evert; Verhaar, Hendrik (1982).
2972:] (in Russian). Moscow: Политиздат. pp. 323–328.
2728:
The founder of the Moscow Helsinki Group, Yuri Orlov, dies
2360:. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. pp. 252–256.
1813:"Presidential Documents. Week Ending Friday, May 26, 1978"
1489:
De Boer, S. P.; Driessen, Evert; Verhaar, Hendrik (1982).
730:
raised the case of Orlov in a talk with the Soviet leader
1698:
660:, its chairman was Prof. Morris Pripstein. Scientists at
590:
2775:
Orlov, Yuri (October 1981). "A quantum model of doubt".
2268:"О лишении гражданства и выдворении из СССР Орлова Ю.Ф."
1039:. Vol. LXXXV, no. 113. 21 May 1978. p. 2.
288:(1990) Nicholson Medal for Humanitarian Service (1995),
2958:[Passing to full freedom in the area of ideas]
2911:"The Soviet Union, human rights, and national security"
2600:
1495:. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 405.
552:
published a statement by a group of prominent academics
2191:. Vol. LII, no. 24. 10 June 1984. p. 2.
5520:
1974:"Physicist and the eternal struggle for human rights"
466:
From 1944 to 1946, Orlov served as an officer in the
5665:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
3955:
2287:"Soviet dissident Orlov starts 'a new life' in U.S."
1650:"Bitter Siberian ordeal ends at last for Yuri Orlov"
1168:
Halperin, Israel (1984). "Prisoners of conscience".
533:. In 1972, he came back to Moscow and worked at the
2751:Orlov, Yuri (March 1977). "The road to my arrest".
2068:
2000:
Andrei Sakharov: quarks and the structure of matter
949:
Turmoil and triumph: my years as secretary of state
3336:Alexeyeva, Lyudmila (1977). "The Orlov tribunal".
3211:"APS joins in appeals for Orlov and Shcharansky".
1951:. Atlantica Séguier Frontières. pp. 546–548.
892:"Honorary doctorates – Uppsala University, Sweden"
848:Orlov participated in two documentaries about the
476:Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics
331:Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics
229:Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics
5705:Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology alumni
3918:Turchin, Valentin (July 1985). "Orlov in exile".
3917:
3364:
3040:
2922:Gottfried, Kurt; Orlov, Yuri (19 December 1989).
2585:
2477:
1942:
1706:
1539:
1259:
1076:"The Criminal Trial and the Disruptive Defendant"
767:European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
737:
649:officially protested against the trial of Orlov.
5556:
3816:
2951:
2160:"Soviet dissident Orlov reported terminally ill"
1557:
1518:
1204:"Orlov receives red carpet from Western science"
3855:
3605:"Americans cancel visits in protest over Orlov"
3534:
3503:
2488:
2380:
2351:
2284:
2202:Information, Reed Business (22 November 1979).
2090:Information, Reed Business (22 November 1979).
2024:Information, Reed Business (11 November 1982).
1971:
1668:
1454:[Chapter thirteen. In the opposition].
1389:
1322:
687:For a year and a half, Orlov was imprisoned in
3886:
2921:
2547:"Solzhenitsyn, 22 others qet citizenship back"
2473:
1898:Information, Reed Business (9 February 1984).
1835:"U.S. senators seek Nobel for Helsinki groups"
1600:. Random House Publishing Group. p. 175.
1572:
1146:
945:
808:In 1993, Orlov received American citizenship.
654:Scientists for Sakharov, Orlov and Shcharansky
624:
446:by Amnesty International as a founder of the
5090:
4004:
3020:Dangerous Thoughts. Memoirs of a Russian Life
2990:Dangerous Thoughts. Memoirs of a Russian Life
2709:[In Moscow, the presentation of the film
2304:
1996:
1724:
1647:
1620:
1462:Dangerous Thoughts. Memoirs of a Russian Life
1418:Dangerous Thoughts. Memoirs of a Russian Life
1385:
1383:
1228:"Founder of the Soviet human-rights movement"
593:told him the group was illegal. The KGB head
3117:Возможен ли социализм не тоталитарного типа?
3088:Возможен ли социализм не тоталитарного типа?
2878:
2817:International Journal of Theoretical Physics
2621:
2567:"Solzhenitsyn cool as Moscow confirms offer"
2461:
2400:
2398:
483:On the Personality Cult and its Consequences
422:, 13 August 1924 – 27 September 2020) was a
5620:Communist Party of the Soviet Union members
3963:[The eighteenth part. Yuri Orlov].
3410:
3114:
3085:
3011:
2986:
2962:. In Aksyutin, Yuri; Medvedev, Roy (eds.).
2937:Bonner, Elena; Orlov, Yuri (18 July 1991).
2936:
2684:
2606:
2311:. Cambridge University Press. p. 168.
2201:
2089:
2023:
1900:"Soviet physicist could face new jail term"
1897:
1765:
1694:"Yuri Orlov Soviet dissident group founder"
1449:
1410:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1277:
761:of $ 100,000. In 1987, Orlov began work at
757:On 10 December 1986, Orlov was awarded the
711:extremely inadequate." Orlov suffered from
5650:Denaturalized citizens of the Soviet Union
5097:
5083:
4011:
3997:
3756:
3719:
3682:
3602:
3565:
2778:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
1823:: Government Printing Office. p. 938.
1766:Information, Reed Business (20 May 1982).
1755:. Vol. 106, no. 99. 19 May 1978.
1627:. Cambridge University Press. p. 73.
1514:
1512:
1380:
1318:
1316:
875:Orlov died on 27 September 2020, aged 96.
826:embodying the spirit of scientific freedom
474:and began his postgraduate studies at the
238:his scientific work and participation in
84:
27:Soviet physicist and dissident (1924–2020)
5710:Naturalized citizens of the United States
5104:
4031:Human rights movement in the Soviet Union
3784:
3759:"Soviet Union: freedom at last for Orlov"
3747:
3710:
3673:
3630:
3593:
3335:
3312:
3277:(23): 57. 12 October 1984. Archived from
3193:
3068:
2869:
2395:
1979:Bulletin of the American Physical Society
1874:
1810:
1362:
1360:
1240:(16): 23. 10 October 1986. Archived from
1091:
793:wrote an open letter about the fact that
703:, but it was intentionally not answered.
671:
448:human rights movement in the Soviet Union
240:human rights movement in the Soviet Union
5715:Fellows of the American Physical Society
2083:
1568:
1566:
1299:. Council of Europe. 2010. p. 151.
1274:
1167:
1112:. Human Rights Watch. 1991. p. 296.
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
995:
993:
734:who answered he had not heard of Orlov.
675:
3685:"Soviet Union: Orlov's fate in balance"
2617:
2615:
2383:"Network forms to aid scholars at risk"
1509:
1313:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1073:
14:
5557:
3259:from the original on 23 November 2015.
3162:Yuri Orlov Cornell University Homepage
2908:
2889:
2642:"2018 Stanley Corrsin Award Recipient"
2469:
2465:
1688:
1686:
1357:
1325:"Orlov dissident trial in perspective"
777:design, beam interaction analysis and
478:where he later worked as a physicist.
5655:Soviet emigrants to the United States
5163:Ukrainian Helsinki Human Rights Union
5078:
4040:Committee on Human Rights in the USSR
4018:
3992:
3367:"How Orlov survived in Soviet prison"
3365:Bethell, Nicholas (17 October 1986).
3243:"Biography of Yuri Fyodorovich Orlov"
3100:] (in Russian). Minsk: Полифакт.
2970:L.I. Brezhnev: Materials to biography
2955:Перейти к полной свободе в сфере идей
2854:"Yury Orlov: I believe in the people"
2813:
2774:
2765:
2750:
2741:
2666:"Soviet-era dissidents despise Putin"
2586:Rosenthal, Andrew (5 December 1987).
2527:"Citizenship: better late than never"
2457:
2141:
2135:
2131:
1856:
1768:"CERN scientists speak out for Orlov"
1712:
1669:Bailey, Anthony (19 September 1977).
1563:
1545:
1413:"Chapter thirteen. In the opposition"
1370:[Yuri Orlov. Legendary man].
1011:
990:
771:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
351:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
3647:
3015:Опасные мысли: Мемуары из рус. жизни
2735:
2612:
2422:from the original on 3 October 2015.
2333:"Yuri Orlov wins human rights award"
1457:Опасные мысли: Мемуары из рус. жизни
1260:Wren, Christopher (1 October 1986).
1248:
1109:Human Rights Watch World Report 1990
927:
925:
923:
921:
919:
2965:Л.И. Брежнев: Материалы к биографии
1683:
1124:"CERN turns its back on Yuri Orlov"
699:a letter asking for his release to
604:
503:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
399:during an interview for Ekho Moskvy
24:
3650:"A day in the life of Yurii Orlov"
3155:
3150:from the original on 8 March 2013.
2799:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb51134.x
2285:Valentine, Paul (6 October 1986).
2180:"Yuri Orlov is reported very sick"
2026:"A small word in support of Orlov"
1747:"Yuri Orlov sentenced to 12 years"
1323:Marshak, Robert (September 1978).
1093:10.1111/j.1468-2230.1980.tb01585.x
535:Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism
434:, a founding member of the Soviet
25:
5726:
5142:International Helsinki Federation
3961:"Восемнадцатая серия. Юрий Орлов"
2634:
2622:Gold, Lauren (14 November 2005).
1949:Andrei Sakharov: facets of a life
1725:Oshins, Eddie (3 February 1983).
1573:Eaton, William (1 October 1986).
1525:. World Scientific. p. 445.
1390:Bailey, Anthony (25 April 1983).
1330:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
1028:"Orlov receives maximum sentence"
916:
470:. In 1952, he graduated from the
5685:21st-century American physicists
5590:20th-century American physicists
5542:
5530:
3568:"Yurii Orlov suffers two trials"
2406:"Curriculum vitae of Yuri Orlov"
2003:. World Scientific. p. 11.
1972:Sessler, Andrew (1 April 1995).
1648:Shanker, Thom (1 October 1986).
1452:"Глава тринадцатая. В оппозиции"
1296:Andrei Sakharov and human rights
933:"Орлов Юрий Федорович (р. 1924)"
864:in 2014. He was a member of the
637:said, "The Orlov trial, and the
386:
204:
184:
164:
5695:Russian prisoners and detainees
5670:20th-century Russian memoirists
3720:Rich, Vera (23 February 1984).
3683:Rich, Vera (16 February 1984).
2721:
2697:
2678:
2658:
2579:
2559:
2539:
2519:
2482:
2478:Birman, Lizhi & Winick 1994
2451:
2426:
2381:Lanier, Alfredo (5 June 2000).
2374:
2345:
2325:
2298:
2278:
2260:
2240:
2195:
2172:
2152:
2124:
2092:"Concerns about Orlov's health"
2069:O'Toole, Thomas (3 June 1978).
2062:
2017:
1990:
1965:
1936:
1891:
1850:
1827:
1804:
1759:
1739:
1718:
1662:
1641:
1614:
1587:
1482:
1443:
1404:
1220:
1196:
1161:
1147:Garelik, Glenn (21 July 1991).
1140:
1116:
1100:
759:Carter–Menil Human Rights Prize
647:US National Academy of Sciences
457:
279:Carter-Menil Human Rights Prize
5640:Soviet prisoners and detainees
5580:Moscow State University alumni
3168:"Aftermath of the Orlov trial"
2890:Orlov, Yuri (1 October 1988).
2204:"Concern about Orlov's health"
1519:Shifman, Mikhail, ed. (2015).
1351:10.1080/00963402.1978.11458529
1067:
1043:
970:
939:
898:
884:
738:Deportation and US citizenship
581:In May 1976, he organized the
424:particle accelerator physicist
13:
1:
5680:Soviet people of World War II
5610:Soviet human rights activists
3841:10.1126/science.200.4345.1026
3757:Rich, Vera (9 October 1986).
2685:Orlov, Yuri (24 March 2005).
2555:. 16 August 1990. p. A8.
1376:(in Russian). 15 August 2014.
1368:"Юрий Орлов. Человек-легенда"
1005:The National Security Archive
986:. 2 October 1986. p. 48.
878:
718:In 1984, Orlov was exiled to
540:
77:
46:Eastern Slavic naming customs
5630:Amnesty International people
3797:Harvard International Review
3489:10.1126/science.198.4314.251
3022:] (in Russian). Moscow:
2944:The New York Review of Books
2913:. In Corillon, Carol (ed.).
2713:went off] (in Russian).
2687:"A letter to Vladimir Putin"
2436:. 2007-06-10. Archived from
2358:Encyclopedia of human rights
2356:. In Forsythe, David (ed.).
2305:Snyder, Sarah (2011-06-20).
1732:The New York Review of Books
1558:Aksyutin & Medvedev 1991
1464:] (in Russian). Moscow:
1233:U.S. News & World Report
769:in 1988/89. A member of the
527:Armenian Academy of Sciences
7:
5700:People associated with CERN
5690:Inmates of Lefortovo Prison
2892:"Before and after glasnost"
1216:(1529): 16. 9 October 1986.
625:Protests over Orlov's trial
529:after he found work at the
290:Andrei Sakharov Prize (APS)
270:sons Dmitri, Aleksandr, Lev
10:
5731:
5660:Cornell University faculty
5595:Russian nuclear physicists
5207:Current executive director
3603:Rich, Vera (25 May 1978).
3566:Rich, Vera (18 May 1978).
3331:(in Russian). 13 May 2006.
3299:(5661): 329. 1 June 1978.
3180:(5660): 255. 25 May 1978.
3043:"Science and human rights"
2995:William Morrow and Company
2474:Gottfried & Orlov 1989
1943:Pripstein, Morris (1991).
1859:"Science and Human Rights"
1423:William Morrow and Company
44:In this name that follows
43:
36:
29:
5675:Russian political writers
5600:Soviet nuclear physicists
5397:
5321:
5222:
5206:
5171:
5152:Lithuanian Helsinki Group
5112:
4084:
4060:Lithuanian Helsinki Group
4026:
3971:Parallels, Events, People
3350:10.1080/03064227708532716
3287:"News from Orlov's trial"
2939:"Armenia: an open letter"
2871:10.1080/03064228708534201
1876:10.1080/03064227908532880
910:American Physical Society
861:Parallels, Events, People
850:Soviet dissident movement
821:American Physical Society
817:American Physical Society
813:American Physical Society
531:Yerevan Physics Institute
491:20th Congress of the CPSU
438:group. He was declared a
426:, human rights activist,
419:
373:
369:
336:Yerevan Physics Institute
324:
310:
303:
297:American Physical Society
274:
266:
245:
234:
220:
157:
147:
124:
95:
83:
76:
69:
5158:Ukrainian Helsinki Group
4055:Ukrainian Helsinki Group
3949:
3444:"Orlov, Jurij Fedorovič"
3221:(1): 117. January 1985.
3121:
3116:
3092:
3087:
3014:
2964:
2954:
2915:Science and human rights
2705:
2462:Orlov & Bethell 1987
2352:Hochman, Steven (2009).
1727:"The case of Yuri Orlov"
1149:"Science and dissidence"
1074:Zellick, Graham (1980).
1051:"Yuri Orlov (1924–2020)"
545:In September 1973, when
505:and fired from his job.
32:Yuri Alexandrovich Orlov
4259:Alexander Esenin-Volpin
4114:Anton Antonov-Ovseyenko
3098:Samizdat of the century
2607:Bonner & Orlov 1991
1136:(1260): 4. 2 July 1981.
946:Shultz, George (1993).
695:sent the Soviet leader
521:degree in 1958 and the
472:Moscow State University
225:Moscow State University
30:For the zoologist, see
5575:Scientists from Moscow
4929:Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn
4694:Valeriya Novodvorskaya
1997:Lipkin, Harry (2013).
1671:"Defending Yuri Orlov"
1621:Snyder, Sarah (2011).
1522:Physics in a mad world
952:. Scribner's. p.
843:exhibition on religion
684:
672:Imprisonment and exile
666:anti-Soviet propaganda
515:
444:prisoner of conscience
440:prisoner of conscience
420:Ю́рий Фёдорович Орло́в
412:Yuri Fyodorovich Orlov
71:Yuri Fyodorovich Orlov
18:Yuri Feodorovich Orlov
5615:Moscow Helsinki Group
5106:Moscow Helsinki Group
4759:Alexander Piatigorsky
4734:Konstantin Paustovsky
4704:Alexander Ogorodnikov
4344:Natalya Gorbanevskaya
4309:Mirsaid Sultan-Galiev
4050:Moscow Helsinki Group
4045:Solzhenitsyn Aid Fund
3115:Orlov, Yuri (2005).
3086:Orlov, Yuri (1997).
2929:The Los Angeles Times
1597:The gates of November
1580:The Los Angeles Times
1080:The Modern Law Review
1001:"The Yuri Orlov file"
679:
583:Moscow Helsinki Group
572:Amnesty International
519:Candidate of Sciences
507:
493:. He publicly called
436:Amnesty International
432:Moscow Helsinki Group
397:Recorded 11 May 2011
362:Moscow Helsinki Group
357:Amnesty International
5349:Kristopher Goetterud
5004:Andrei Tverdokhlebov
4779:Vladimir Pribylovsky
4594:Michail J. Makarenko
4434:Vitaliy Kalynychenko
4204:Viacheslav Chornovil
3959:(8 September 2014).
3957:Natella Boltyanskaya
3372:The Montreal Gazette
3012:Орлов, Юрий (1992).
2987:Orlov, Yuri (1991).
2952:Orlov, Yuri (1991).
2909:Orlov, Yuri (1988).
2671:The Washington Times
2552:The Pittsburgh Press
2188:The Ukrainian Weekly
1857:Ziman, John (1979).
1843:The Ukrainian Weekly
1468:. pp. 161–174.
1450:Орлов, Юрий (1992).
1411:Orlov, Yuri (1991).
1036:The Ukrainian Weekly
775:particle accelerator
78:Юрий Фёдорович Орлов
5430:Sofiya Kalistratova
5374:Galina Starovoitova
4949:Aleksandras Štromas
4944:Vladimir Strelnikov
4939:Galina Starovoytova
4889:Alexander Shatravka
4799:Irina Ratushinskaya
4769:Alexandr Podrabinek
4749:Yekaterina Peshkova
4624:Myroslav Marynovych
4609:Nadezhda Mandelstam
4499:Zoya Krakhmalnikova
4449:Ephraim Kholmyansky
4419:Sofiya Kalistratova
3934:1985PhT....38g...9T
3903:1987PhT....40e..79S
3872:1986PhT....39k.168S
3833:1978Sci...200.1026S
3777:1986Natur.323..478R
3740:1984Natur.307..673R
3703:1984Natur.307Q.585R
3666:1979Natur.277Q.591R
3648:Rich, Vera (1979).
3623:1978Natur.273..258R
3586:1978Natur.273..178R
3551:1979PhT....32l..88J
3520:1979PhT....32f..78J
3481:1977Sci...198..253H
3427:1977PhT....30e.112C
3396:1978PhT....31h..11B
3338:Index on Censorship
3305:1978Natur.273..329.
3265:"Exiled Yuri Orlov"
3227:1985PhT....38Q.117.
3186:1978Natur.273..255.
3061:1994Natur.370..592B
2858:Index on Censorship
2830:1982IJTP...21...37O
2791:1981NYASA.373...84O
2674:. 13 November 2004.
2505:1991PhT....44k..92S
2388:The Chicago Tribune
2291:The Washington Post
2256:. 15 November 1985.
2168:. 15 November 1985.
2076:The Washington Post
1863:Index on Censorship
1343:1978BuAtS..34g...5M
1182:1984PhT....37l..94H
1154:The Washington Post
706:The New York-based
517:Orlov obtained the
315:Accelerator physics
5420:Alexander Ginzburg
5405:Lyudmila Alexeyeva
5268:Karinna Moskalenko
5240:Vyacheslav Bakhmin
5230:Lyudmila Alexeyeva
5197:Lyudmila Alexeyeva
5146:Helsinki Committee
5126:Human Rights Watch
5059:Alexander Zinoviev
5049:Venedikt Yerofeyev
5029:Vladimir Voinovich
5009:Tatyana Velikanova
4789:Anatoly Pristavkin
4659:Yosef Mendelevitch
4539:Mikhail Leontovich
4354:Sergei Grigoryants
4324:Alexander Ginzburg
4314:Zviad Gamsakhurdia
4224:Andrey Derevyankin
4159:Alexander Bolonkin
4099:Lyudmila Alexeyeva
2838:10.1007/BF01880263
2717:. 1 December 2005.
2711:They Chose Freedom
2593:The New York Times
2572:The New York Times
2413:Cornell University
2338:Lodi News-Sentinel
2253:The Glasgow Herald
2232:has generic name (
2116:has generic name (
2054:has generic name (
1928:has generic name (
1796:has generic name (
1267:The New York Times
866:Human Rights Watch
855:They Chose Freedom
783:Dangerous Thoughts
763:Cornell University
685:
523:Doctor of Sciences
512:(Yuri Orlov, 1980)
452:Cornell University
355:Soviet section of
346:Cornell University
286:Uppsala University
283:honorary doctorate
5605:Soviet dissidents
5585:Soviet physicists
5518:
5517:
5505:Leonard Ternovsky
5450:Anatoly Marchenko
5440:Alexander Korchak
5410:Mikhail Bernshtam
5379:Leonard Ternovsky
5260:Viktoria Malikova
5245:Valery Borshchyov
5072:
5071:
5034:Michael Voslenski
4979:Alexander Tarasov
4959:Nadiya Svitlychna
4849:Shmuel Schneurson
4774:Grigory Pomerants
4689:Alexander Nekrich
4629:Grigorii Maksimov
4619:Valeriy Marchenko
4614:Anatoly Marchenko
4519:Anatoly Kuznetsov
4409:Boris Kagarlitsky
4329:Yevgenia Ginzburg
4319:Vladimir Gershuni
4244:Mustafa Dzhemilev
4209:Lydia Chukovskaya
4199:Boris Chichibabin
4184:Vladimir Bukovsky
4174:Vladimir Bougrine
4020:Soviet dissidents
3942:10.1063/1.2814623
3911:10.1063/1.2820021
3880:10.1063/1.2815231
3559:10.1063/1.2995338
3528:10.1063/1.2995603
3435:10.1063/1.3037583
3404:10.1063/1.2995134
3375:. p. A1, A5.
3235:10.1063/1.2813731
3140:978-5-89793-034-0
3107:978-5-89356-004-6
3024:Аргументы и факты
3004:978-0-688-10471-9
2736:Some publications
2628:Cornell Chronicle
2575:. 17 August 1990.
2535:. 27 August 1990.
2513:10.1063/1.2810325
2367:978-0-19-533402-9
2341:. 1 October 1986.
2318:978-1-139-49892-0
2165:Los Angeles Times
1702:. 6 October 1986.
1655:Bangor Daily News
1634:978-1-139-49892-0
1607:978-0-307-57551-7
1466:Аргументы и факты
1436:978-0-688-10471-9
1190:10.1063/1.2916026
963:978-0-684-19325-0
779:quantum mechanics
748:Nicholas Daniloff
732:Mikhail Gorbachev
513:
430:, founder of the
409:
408:
391:
305:Scientific career
128:27 September 2020
16:(Redirected from
5722:
5645:Soviet expellees
5547:
5546:
5545:
5535:
5534:
5526:
5510:Yuri Yarym-Agaev
5480:Sergey Polikanov
5465:Viktor Nekipelov
5425:Pyotr Grigorenko
5359:Kronid Lyubarsky
5334:Ernest Ametistov
5313:Boris Zolotukhin
5283:Alexander Petrov
5264:Vladimir Mironov
5191:Kronid Lyubarsky
5117:Helsinki Accords
5099:
5092:
5085:
5076:
5075:
5054:Yevgeny Zamyatin
5039:Anatoly Yakobson
4999:Valentin Turchin
4909:Andrei Sinyavsky
4899:Yurii Shukhevych
4894:Vladimir Shelkov
4879:Avital Sharansky
4869:Igor Shafarevich
4794:Boris Pustyntsev
4679:Viktor Nekipelov
4589:Kronid Lyubarsky
4579:Levko Lukyanenko
4544:Alexander Lerner
4524:Eduard Kuznetsov
4509:Yuri Kublanovsky
4474:Anatoly Koryagin
4374:Paruyr Hayrikyan
4349:Pyotr Grigorenko
4334:Anatoly Gladilin
4304:Alexander Galich
4254:Abulfaz Elchibey
4229:David Devdariani
4144:Nikolai Berdyaev
4139:Arkadiy Belinkov
4109:Chabua Amirejibi
4013:
4006:
3999:
3990:
3989:
3980:
3974:
3966:Voice of America
3945:
3914:
3883:
3852:
3813:
3790:
3788:
3786:10.1038/323478a0
3753:
3751:
3749:10.1038/307673b0
3716:
3714:
3712:10.1038/307585a0
3679:
3677:
3675:10.1038/277591a0
3644:
3634:
3632:10.1038/273258a0
3599:
3597:
3595:10.1038/273178a0
3562:
3531:
3500:
3461:
3438:
3407:
3376:
3361:
3332:
3318:
3316:
3314:10.1038/273329a0
3282:
3281:on 1 March 2016.
3260:
3258:
3247:
3238:
3207:
3197:
3195:10.1038/273255a0
3151:
3149:
3132:
3111:
3082:
3072:
3070:10.1038/370592a0
3037:
3008:
2983:
2961:
2948:
2933:
2918:
2905:
2886:
2875:
2873:
2849:
2810:
2771:
2762:
2747:
2730:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2682:
2676:
2675:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2619:
2610:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2563:
2557:
2556:
2543:
2537:
2536:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2486:
2480:
2455:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2430:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2410:
2402:
2393:
2392:
2378:
2372:
2371:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2329:
2323:
2322:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2231:
2227:
2225:
2217:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2184:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2156:
2150:
2145:
2139:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2115:
2111:
2109:
2101:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2053:
2049:
2047:
2039:
2021:
2015:
2014:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1927:
1923:
1921:
1913:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1878:
1854:
1848:
1847:
1839:
1831:
1825:
1824:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1795:
1791:
1789:
1781:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1722:
1716:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1690:
1681:
1680:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1570:
1561:
1555:
1549:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1516:
1507:
1506:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1387:
1378:
1377:
1364:
1355:
1354:
1320:
1311:
1310:
1291:
1272:
1271:
1257:
1246:
1245:
1244:on 4 March 2016.
1224:
1218:
1217:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1032:
1024:
1009:
1008:
997:
988:
987:
983:Kentucky New Era
974:
968:
967:
943:
937:
936:
929:
914:
913:
902:
896:
895:
888:
773:, Orlov studied
689:Lefortovo Prison
635:Henry M. Jackson
619:Helsinki Accords
605:Arrest and trial
587:Helsinki accords
511:
428:Soviet dissident
421:
393:
392:
251:Galina Papkevich
210:
208:
207:
190:
188:
187:
170:
168:
167:
131:
105:
103:
88:
67:
66:
21:
5730:
5729:
5725:
5724:
5723:
5721:
5720:
5719:
5555:
5554:
5553:
5543:
5541:
5529:
5521:
5519:
5514:
5500:Vladimir Slepak
5495:Natan Sharansky
5475:Tatiana Osipova
5393:
5354:Dina Kaminskaya
5329:Valery Abramkin
5322:Post-Soviet era
5317:
5255:Sergey Kovalyov
5250:Yuri Edelshtein
5235:Boris Altshuler
5218:
5202:
5167:
5108:
5103:
5073:
5068:
5024:Georgi Vladimov
4969:Vasyl Symonenko
4964:Ivan Svitlichny
4934:Pitirim Sorokin
4924:Sergei Soldatov
4914:Vladimir Slepak
4884:Natan Sharansky
4874:Varlam Shalamov
4844:Dmitri Savitski
4839:Andrei Sakharov
4809:Arseny Roginsky
4764:Leonid Plyushch
4754:Viktoras Petkus
4729:Boris Pasternak
4699:Vasile Odobescu
4684:Viktor Nekrasov
4649:Mykhailo Melnyk
4639:Zhores Medvedev
4559:Veniamin Levich
4534:Alexander Lavut
4479:Nahum Korzhavin
4439:Dina Kaminskaya
4359:Vasily Grossman
4294:Balys Gajauskas
4284:Moysey Fishbein
4279:Viktor Fainberg
4239:Yuri Druzhnikov
4189:Valery Chalidze
4134:Vasile Bătrânac
4094:Vasily Aksyonov
4089:Mikhail Agursky
4080:
4022:
4017:
3978:
3952:
3458:
3321:
3285:
3263:
3256:
3245:
3241:
3210:
3166:
3158:
3156:Further reading
3147:
3141:
3130:
3123:
3118:
3108:
3094:
3089:
3034:
3016:
3005:
2980:
2966:
2959:
2956:
2864:(2): 10. 1987.
2852:
2738:
2733:
2726:
2722:
2707:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2691:Sakharov Center
2683:
2679:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2650:
2648:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2620:
2613:
2605:
2601:
2584:
2580:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2525:
2524:
2520:
2487:
2483:
2456:
2452:
2443:
2441:
2434:"Yuri F. Orlov"
2432:
2431:
2427:
2419:
2408:
2404:
2403:
2396:
2379:
2375:
2368:
2354:"Carter center"
2350:
2346:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2319:
2303:
2299:
2283:
2279:
2271:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2229:
2228:
2219:
2218:
2200:
2196:
2182:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2146:
2142:
2129:
2125:
2113:
2112:
2103:
2102:
2088:
2084:
2067:
2063:
2051:
2050:
2041:
2040:
2022:
2018:
2011:
1995:
1991:
1970:
1966:
1959:
1941:
1937:
1925:
1924:
1915:
1914:
1896:
1892:
1855:
1851:
1837:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1811:Carter, Jimmy.
1809:
1805:
1793:
1792:
1783:
1782:
1764:
1760:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1723:
1719:
1711:
1707:
1692:
1691:
1684:
1667:
1663:
1646:
1642:
1635:
1619:
1615:
1608:
1592:
1588:
1571:
1564:
1556:
1552:
1544:
1540:
1533:
1517:
1510:
1503:
1487:
1483:
1476:
1448:
1444:
1437:
1409:
1405:
1388:
1381:
1366:
1365:
1358:
1321:
1314:
1307:
1293:
1292:
1275:
1258:
1249:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1166:
1162:
1145:
1141:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1072:
1068:
1059:
1057:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1012:
999:
998:
991:
976:
975:
971:
964:
944:
940:
931:
930:
917:
904:
903:
899:
890:
889:
885:
881:
840:Sakharov Museum
836:Anna Mikhalchuk
740:
674:
627:
607:
556:Andrei Sakharov
543:
460:
405:
404:
403:
402:
401:
400:
398:
394:
387:
384:
382:
319:Nuclear physics
221:Alma mater
205:
203:
185:
183:
165:
163:
143:
133:
129:
120:
107:
101:
99:
91:
79:
72:
65:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5728:
5718:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5552:
5551:
5539:
5516:
5515:
5513:
5512:
5507:
5502:
5497:
5492:
5490:Felix Serebrov
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5401:
5399:
5395:
5394:
5392:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5369:Alexey Smirnov
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5339:Larisa Bogoraz
5336:
5331:
5325:
5323:
5319:
5318:
5316:
5315:
5310:
5308:Sergey Sorokin
5305:
5303:Alexey Simonov
5300:
5295:
5293:Lev Ponomaryov
5290:
5288:Mara Polyakova
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5226:
5224:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5216:
5214:Nina Tagankina
5210:
5208:
5204:
5203:
5201:
5200:
5194:
5188:
5185:Larisa Bogoraz
5182:
5175:
5173:
5169:
5168:
5166:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5149:
5139:
5129:
5122:Helsinki Watch
5119:
5113:
5110:
5109:
5102:
5101:
5094:
5087:
5079:
5070:
5069:
5067:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5014:Tomas Venclova
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4919:Victor Sokolov
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4819:Mykola Rudenko
4816:
4814:Maria Rozanova
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4744:Zianon Pazniak
4741:
4739:Gleb Pavlovsky
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4669:Andrei Mironov
4666:
4664:Vazif Meylanov
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4584:Nikolay Lossky
4581:
4576:
4574:Pavel Litvinov
4571:
4566:
4564:Eduard Limonov
4561:
4556:
4551:
4549:Yaroslav Lesiv
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4494:Sergei Kovalev
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4459:Nikolai Klyuev
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4429:Iryna Kalynets
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4404:Grigory Isayev
4401:
4399:Mykhailo Horyn
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4339:Semyon Gluzman
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4299:Yuri Galanskov
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4219:Vadim Delaunay
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4179:Joseph Brodsky
4176:
4171:
4169:Leonid Borodin
4166:
4161:
4156:
4154:Larisa Bogoraz
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4104:Andrei Amalrik
4101:
4096:
4091:
4085:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4027:
4024:
4023:
4016:
4015:
4008:
4001:
3993:
3987:
3986:
3975:
3969:(in Russian).
3951:
3948:
3947:
3946:
3915:
3884:
3853:
3827:(4345): 1026.
3814:
3791:
3754:
3722:"Orlov appeal"
3717:
3680:
3645:
3600:
3563:
3532:
3501:
3462:
3457:978-9024725380
3456:
3439:
3408:
3377:
3362:
3333:
3319:
3283:
3261:
3239:
3208:
3164:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3152:
3139:
3112:
3106:
3083:
3038:
3033:978-5852720023
3032:
3009:
3003:
2984:
2978:
2949:
2934:
2919:
2906:
2887:
2876:
2850:
2811:
2772:
2763:
2754:The New Leader
2748:
2746:(14): 241–245.
2737:
2734:
2732:
2731:
2720:
2696:
2677:
2657:
2633:
2611:
2599:
2578:
2558:
2538:
2518:
2481:
2464:; Orlov (
2450:
2425:
2394:
2373:
2366:
2344:
2324:
2317:
2297:
2277:
2259:
2239:
2194:
2171:
2151:
2140:
2123:
2082:
2061:
2016:
2010:978-9814407434
2009:
1989:
1964:
1958:978-2863320969
1957:
1935:
1890:
1849:
1826:
1821:Washington, DC
1803:
1758:
1752:Herald-Journal
1738:
1717:
1705:
1682:
1676:The New Yorker
1661:
1640:
1633:
1613:
1606:
1586:
1562:
1550:
1538:
1532:978-9814619318
1531:
1508:
1502:978-9024725380
1501:
1481:
1475:978-5852720023
1474:
1442:
1435:
1403:
1397:The New Yorker
1379:
1356:
1312:
1306:978-9287169471
1305:
1273:
1247:
1219:
1195:
1160:
1139:
1115:
1099:
1086:(2): 121–135.
1066:
1042:
1010:
989:
969:
962:
938:
915:
897:
882:
880:
877:
739:
736:
708:Helsinki Watch
673:
670:
658:Andrew Sessler
626:
623:
606:
603:
542:
539:
459:
456:
407:
406:
396:
395:
385:
380:
378:
377:
376:
375:
374:
371:
370:
367:
366:
365:
364:
359:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
326:
322:
321:
312:
308:
307:
301:
300:
276:
272:
271:
268:
264:
263:
262:
261:
258:
257:Irina Valitova
255:
254:Irina Lagunova
252:
247:
243:
242:
236:
235:Known for
232:
231:
222:
218:
217:
216:
215:
201:
195:
181:
175:
159:
155:
154:
149:
145:
144:
134:
132:(aged 96)
126:
122:
121:
108:
106:13 August 1924
97:
93:
92:
89:
81:
80:
74:
73:
70:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5727:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5562:
5560:
5550:
5540:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5527:
5524:
5511:
5508:
5506:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5435:Ivan Kovalyov
5433:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5415:Yelena Bonner
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5402:
5400:
5396:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5364:Boris Pinsker
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5344:Iosif Dyadkin
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5324:
5320:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5278:Sergey Pashin
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5225:
5221:
5215:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5205:
5198:
5195:
5192:
5189:
5186:
5183:
5180:
5177:
5176:
5174:
5170:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5153:
5150:
5147:
5143:
5140:
5137:
5133:
5130:
5127:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5114:
5111:
5107:
5100:
5095:
5093:
5088:
5086:
5081:
5080:
5077:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4984:Valery Tarsis
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4904:Danylo Shumuk
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4864:Efraim Sevela
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4834:Valery Sablin
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4784:Dmitri Prigov
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4719:Yulian Panich
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4654:Alexander Men
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4604:Guram Mamulia
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4554:Eugene Levich
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4504:Victor Krasin
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4489:Lina Kostenko
4487:
4485:
4484:Merab Kostava
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4469:Boris Korczak
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4424:Ihor Kalynets
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4414:Romas Kalanta
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4389:Mykola Horbal
4387:
4385:
4384:Oleksa Hirnyk
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4369:Tengiz Gudava
4367:
4365:
4364:Igor Guberman
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4274:Benjamin Fain
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4264:Eliyahu Essas
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4164:Yelena Bonner
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4149:Yuri Bezmenov
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4083:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4025:
4021:
4014:
4009:
4007:
4002:
4000:
3995:
3994:
3991:
3985:
3981:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3967:
3962:
3958:
3954:
3953:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3922:
3921:Physics Today
3916:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3891:
3890:Physics Today
3885:
3881:
3877:
3873:
3869:
3865:
3861:
3860:
3859:Physics Today
3854:
3850:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3821:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3798:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3771:(6088): 478.
3770:
3766:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3741:
3737:
3734:(5953): 673.
3733:
3729:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3697:(5952): 585.
3696:
3692:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3660:(5698): 591.
3659:
3655:
3651:
3646:
3642:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3617:(5660): 258.
3616:
3612:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3580:(5659): 178.
3579:
3575:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3539:
3538:Physics Today
3533:
3529:
3525:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3508:
3507:Physics Today
3502:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3478:
3475:(4314): 251.
3474:
3470:
3469:
3463:
3459:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3440:
3436:
3432:
3428:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3415:
3414:Physics Today
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3383:Physics Today
3378:
3374:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3334:
3330:
3329:
3328:Radio Liberty
3324:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3293:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3271:
3266:
3262:
3255:
3251:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3216:
3215:
3214:Physics Today
3209:
3205:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3174:
3169:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3146:
3142:
3136:
3128:
3124:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3093:Самиздат века
3084:
3080:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3055:(6491): 592.
3054:
3050:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3035:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3010:
3006:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2991:
2985:
2981:
2979:5-250-01721-5
2975:
2971:
2967:
2957:
2950:
2946:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2931:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2884:
2883:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2818:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2779:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2755:
2749:
2745:
2740:
2739:
2729:
2724:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2700:
2692:
2688:
2681:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2661:
2647:
2643:
2637:
2629:
2625:
2618:
2616:
2608:
2603:
2595:
2594:
2589:
2582:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2562:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2542:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2522:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2499:(11): 92–93.
2498:
2494:
2493:
2492:Physics Today
2485:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2454:
2440:on 2007-06-10
2439:
2435:
2429:
2418:
2414:
2407:
2401:
2399:
2390:
2389:
2384:
2377:
2369:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2348:
2340:
2339:
2334:
2328:
2320:
2314:
2310:
2309:
2301:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2281:
2269:
2263:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2243:
2235:
2230:|first1=
2223:
2215:
2211:
2210:
2209:New Scientist
2205:
2198:
2190:
2189:
2181:
2175:
2167:
2166:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2144:
2137:
2133:
2127:
2119:
2114:|first1=
2107:
2099:
2098:
2097:New Scientist
2093:
2086:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2065:
2057:
2052:|first1=
2045:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2031:New Scientist
2027:
2020:
2012:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1993:
1985:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1968:
1960:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1939:
1931:
1926:|first1=
1919:
1911:
1907:
1906:
1905:New Scientist
1901:
1894:
1886:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1853:
1845:
1844:
1836:
1830:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1807:
1799:
1794:|first1=
1787:
1779:
1775:
1774:
1773:New Scientist
1769:
1762:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1742:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1721:
1714:
1709:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1689:
1687:
1679:. p. 29.
1678:
1677:
1672:
1665:
1657:
1656:
1651:
1644:
1636:
1630:
1626:
1625:
1617:
1609:
1603:
1599:
1598:
1590:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1569:
1567:
1559:
1554:
1547:
1542:
1534:
1528:
1524:
1523:
1515:
1513:
1504:
1498:
1494:
1493:
1485:
1477:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1458:
1453:
1446:
1438:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1414:
1407:
1400:. p. 40.
1399:
1398:
1393:
1386:
1384:
1375:
1374:
1373:Radio Liberty
1369:
1363:
1361:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1319:
1317:
1308:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1269:
1268:
1263:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1223:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1209:New Scientist
1205:
1199:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1170:Physics Today
1164:
1156:
1155:
1150:
1143:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1129:New Scientist
1125:
1119:
1111:
1110:
1103:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1070:
1056:
1052:
1046:
1038:
1037:
1029:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1006:
1002:
996:
994:
985:
984:
979:
973:
965:
959:
955:
951:
950:
942:
934:
928:
926:
924:
922:
920:
911:
907:
901:
893:
887:
883:
876:
873:
871:
870:Global Rights
867:
863:
862:
858:in 2005, and
857:
856:
851:
846:
844:
841:
837:
831:
829:
827:
822:
818:
814:
811:In 1995, the
809:
806:
804:
800:
796:
792:
786:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
755:
753:
749:
745:
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
716:
714:
709:
704:
702:
698:
697:Yuri Andropov
694:
693:Bruno Kreisky
690:
683:
678:
669:
667:
663:
659:
655:
650:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
629:US President
622:
620:
615:
611:
602:
600:
596:
595:Yuri Andropov
592:
588:
584:
579:
577:
574:group in the
573:
568:
565:
559:
557:
553:
550:
549:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
514:
506:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
479:
477:
473:
469:
464:
455:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
417:
413:
383:
381:Orlov's voice
372:
368:
363:
360:
358:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
328:
327:
323:
320:
316:
313:
309:
306:
302:
298:
295:
291:
287:
284:
280:
277:
273:
269:
265:
259:
256:
253:
250:
249:
248:
244:
241:
237:
233:
230:
226:
223:
219:
213:
212:United States
202:
199:
196:
193:
182:
179:
176:
173:
162:
161:
160:
156:
153:
150:
146:
141:
137:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
98:
94:
90:Orlov in 1986
87:
82:
75:
68:
63:
59:
56: and the
55:
51:
47:
40:
33:
19:
5485:Vitaly Rubin
5469:
5389:Gleb Yakunin
5384:Lev Timofeev
5298:Henri Reznik
5272:
5223:Full members
5178:
5064:Yosyf Zisels
5044:Gleb Yakunin
4994:Lev Timofeev
4859:Victor Serge
4824:Yuly Rybakov
4804:Eliyahu Rips
4714:Raisa Orlova
4708:
4634:Roy Medvedev
4599:Vasyl Makukh
4444:Ivan Kandyba
4394:Bohdan Horyn
4129:Anna Barkova
4124:Mykola Bakay
4119:Gunārs Astra
3964:
3925:
3919:
3897:(5): 79–82.
3894:
3888:
3863:
3857:
3824:
3818:
3801:
3795:
3768:
3762:
3731:
3725:
3694:
3688:
3657:
3653:
3614:
3608:
3577:
3571:
3542:
3536:
3514:(6): 78–80.
3511:
3505:
3472:
3466:
3447:
3418:
3412:
3387:
3381:
3370:
3344:(6): 52–60.
3341:
3337:
3326:
3296:
3290:
3279:the original
3274:
3268:
3249:
3218:
3212:
3177:
3171:
3126:
3097:
3052:
3046:
3019:
2993:. New York:
2989:
2969:
2942:
2927:
2914:
2901:
2895:
2885:(26): 48–52.
2880:
2861:
2857:
2824:(1): 37–53.
2821:
2815:
2785:(1): 84–92.
2782:
2776:
2770:(24): 67–91.
2767:
2758:
2752:
2743:
2723:
2710:
2699:
2680:
2669:
2660:
2649:. Retrieved
2645:
2636:
2627:
2602:
2591:
2581:
2570:
2561:
2550:
2541:
2530:
2521:
2496:
2490:
2484:
2453:
2442:. Retrieved
2438:the original
2428:
2386:
2376:
2357:
2347:
2336:
2327:
2307:
2300:
2289:
2280:
2262:
2251:
2242:
2222:cite journal
2216:(1182): 592.
2213:
2207:
2197:
2186:
2174:
2163:
2154:
2143:
2130:Orlov (
2126:
2106:cite journal
2095:
2085:
2074:
2064:
2044:cite journal
2038:(1331): 341.
2035:
2029:
2019:
1999:
1992:
1983:
1977:
1967:
1948:
1938:
1918:cite journal
1909:
1903:
1893:
1866:
1862:
1852:
1841:
1829:
1816:
1806:
1786:cite journal
1780:(1306): 473.
1777:
1771:
1761:
1750:
1741:
1730:
1720:
1708:
1697:
1674:
1664:
1658:. p. 9.
1653:
1643:
1623:
1616:
1596:
1589:
1578:
1553:
1541:
1521:
1491:
1484:
1461:
1456:
1445:
1421:. New York:
1417:
1406:
1395:
1371:
1334:
1328:
1295:
1265:
1242:the original
1237:
1231:
1222:
1213:
1207:
1198:
1173:
1169:
1163:
1152:
1142:
1133:
1127:
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192:Soviet Union
172:Soviet Union
130:(2020-09-27)
118:Soviet Union
114:Russian SFSR
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5570:2020 deaths
5565:1924 births
5460:Yuri Mnyukh
5455:Naum Meiman
5445:Malva Landa
5199:(1996–2018)
5193:(1994–1996)
5187:(1989–1994)
5181:(1976–1982)
5019:Georgi Vins
4854:Iryna Senyk
4724:Lagle Parek
4644:Naum Meiman
4529:Malva Landa
4464:Lev Kopelev
4269:Efim Etkind
4249:Ivan Dziuba
4214:Yuli Daniel
4194:Lev Chernyi
4071:Helsinki-86
3866:(11): 168.
2646:www.aps.org
1425:. pp.
795:Soviet army
728:George Wald
643:Shcharansky
554:denouncing
468:Soviet army
214:(1993–2020)
200:(1991–1993)
194:(1990–1991)
180:(1986–1990)
174:(1924–1986)
158:Citizenship
148:Nationality
58:family name
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39:Lord of War
5559:Categories
5470:Yuri Orlov
5273:Yuri Orlov
5179:Yuri Orlov
4974:Les Tanyuk
4954:Vasyl Stus
4709:Yuri Orlov
4674:Ion Moraru
4289:Ilya Gabay
4234:Ivan Drach
3545:(12): 88.
3421:(5): 112.
2897:Commentary
2715:NEWSru.com
2651:2019-06-06
2458:Orlov 1979
2444:2019-06-06
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1546:Orlov 1974
1337:(7): 5–6.
1176:(12): 94.
1060:2020-10-14
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785:(1991).
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599:Ginzburg
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3057:Bibcode
2826:Bibcode
2787:Bibcode
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1392:"Orlov"
1339:Bibcode
1178:Bibcode
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724:Siberia
701:Austria
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152:Russian
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