3423:, me, who am imprisoned along with the children of my household. We cannot leave the entrance of the tower without permission. Now, the highest of the highest keeps watch (i.e. God), besides the constraints laid upon us at this time, I have no more than what I am able to procure for my sustenance on a daily basis, and am oppressed by the king’s retinue to do their business, in mine own labour all throughout the day, I am not at ease, nor do I have rest, neither do I have the leisure, excepting only during the nights. Occasionally, if I should find respite in obtaining enough provisions for four or five days, my scarcity is greeted with some relief; I am happy with my portion, and my mind is then at rest a little, and I will then arise in the final third watch of the night, according to my fervid wish, to engage in the work of heaven, etc.”
2974:, and those who know the proper usage of the language. Now, when I took sight of them, a recurring trepidation came over me, for I by their estimation was young of age, and being but a boorish man who had not yet acquired knowledge, while they were all wise. So I sat down toward the end of the familiar synagogue, keeping silent and wondering at what shall be.” The greatest scholar of Tiberius at that time was Rabbi Eliezer ben Yochai, “in whose generation he was of singular character.” Most had gone there from Spain, amongst whom he names as the community's leader, Rabbi Samuel Hacohen, along with Rabbi Yaakov Halevi, a certain Rabbi Avraham, Rabbi Moshe Gedaliah and Rabbi Avraham Gabriel. The Jewish community of Tiberius is said to have been supported around that time by a wealthy Jewish philanthropist from
2937:. He then deliberated on a certain matter by explicating its plain and esoteric sense. Before him were seated about two-hundred very admirable and distinguished pupils, sitting upon benches. When he had finished his words of wisdom, he gestured to a certain disciple opposite him to speak… Now, when that wise man (i.e. Rabbi Joseph Karo) heard the words of that disciple, he was astonished by his eloquence of speech who had given plausible arguments about the soul, and he then raised him up and exalted him above all the pupils that were with him… I stayed there awhile, until the wise man (i.e. Rabbi Joseph Karo) had gestured to his pupils to stand up, and then gave order to each one to learn a
2620:(India), being a place of Jewish converts, whom he later divorced because of her old age and lack of upper-teeth. He then travelled to Persia where he took another wife in marriage, which wife bare him twin sons, Joshua and Caleb, but after one year, his young bride died. It was at this time that he decided to leave Persia, leaving his two sons with his brother-in-law, and, presumably, continuing with his travels until eventually he returned home to his family in Yemen. After a stint in Yemen where he and the Jewish community were imprisoned, he eventually returned to visit his sons in Persia, and found them doing well, although his brother-in-law had by that time died.
2986:
2933:
honourable and glorious magnanimity. I sat down by the entrance, alongside the doorpost of the gate, while my cogitations from foolishness were sorely gripped by fear. Now, that wise man the elder sat upon a chair, and with his mouth he did amplify the subject matter. By an utterance he would draw man away from his yoke caused by the vicissitudes of time, in drawing him nigh unto the faithful God. He would then clothe him, as it were, in sumptuous apparel fit for those who are free, by his recital of the verse: ‘The Law of the Lord is perfect, reviving the soul’
3419:, and where the author writes of himself: “Let no wise man of the wise men of Israel blame me about what I have established in this book, except if he finds therein an error, whether arising from mine own analytical study or about the book’s composition. Let him correct that which is crooked, and may his reward be doubled. Now, those who are greater than me, unto the dust of whose feet mine own dust is unable to attain, they have been errant in several matters, yet, they are at ease and unmolested. How much more then, and
3219:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Bnei Barak 2008, p. 67 (Hebrew). This view is supported by Rabbi Yehezkel Rachbi of Cochin who, in a letter addressed to Tobias Boas of Amsterdam in 1768, wrote: "We are called 'White Jews,' being people who have come from the Holy Land, (may it be built and established quickly, even in our days), while the Jews that are called 'Black' they became such in Malabar from proselytization and emancipation. However, their status and their rule of law, as well as their prayer, are just as ours." See:
2751:. Al-Ḍāhirī, however, deemed it necessary to explain in a letter addressed to the said emissary that the Jewish people in Yemen were too poor themselves to render any assistance to their brothers in the Land of Israel. Scholars of comparative Arabic-Hebrew literature are quick to point out that these hardships facing the Jewish community in Yemen often gave rise to messianic aspirations in al-Ḍāhirī's rhymed prose.
2857:, while others prohibit the shaving of the head from the beginning of the counting until the thirty-third day of the Counting of the Omer. Here, incidentally, it is alluded that the Yemenite Jewish custom in this regard was different. Even so, al-Ḍāhirī levels harsh words of criticism against Spanish Jewry's lack of poetic style in their daily communications and
2740:. He mentions that during the period of this book's compilation, he and his family were not permitted to leave the tower except with prior consent of his overseers. It was at this time that al-Ḍāhirī made a vow to return to the Holy Land, after he had performed a pending vow. It is uncertain whether or not he ever made the return trip.
3898:
that he who understands those places where they were lenient in them might be able to eat with permission, rather than waste the money of Israel; seeing that the Torah takes pity upon him in several places. Wherefore, it behooved me to seek after them and to write them down, that they may be plainly rehearsed by the one who looks .”
2650:, during the mid-16th century, as well as a description of Jewish persecution in Yemen during the same century, under the Zaydī imamate. Modern archaeologists are grateful to Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī and credit him with giving a precise description of the location of Tiberias in the 16th century, whose city's walls adjoined the
2960:, and, lo! Tiberius was closed before me! And when I came into her streets and into the pathways of her palaces, I enquired of a young lad, ‘Where are they, the seven principal men of the city?’ He then said to me, ‘They are seated in the synagogue which is by the wall of the fortified enclosure, upon the seaboard of the
3657:, p. 162, for reasons unexplained, appends the date of 1565. It should be pointed out here that if we were to strictly apply the numerical values in the word השכ"ב alone, with the view that it already includes the millennium of 5, the year of al-Dhahiri’s visit to the Land of Israel would have been in 1562 CE.
2696:
unabated until the king's death in 1573. After the king's death, the Jews of Yemen were released from their incarceration by the succeeding ruler, who had borne a grudge against the former king and had destroyed his heirs to the throne. It was during this confinement to the towers (between 1569-1573) that
2932:
do not quit themselves, for in his heart the Talmud is stored, after he had sat down in learning for seven years, within a confined chamber. Now, aside from several branches of wisdom, within his heart are sealed, both, revelations and mysteries. I went one
Sabbath to his seat of learning, to see his
2681:
b. al-Mutawakkil Yaḥya Sharaf ad-Din, who allegedly suspected them of collaborating with the enemy. Al-Ḍāhirī, writing about this experience, says that he saw his own suffering as God's way of punishing him for his having left the Land of Israel and returning to Yemen. It was during this time that he
2595:
are of primary importance to historians, seeing that they are a first-hand account of these places, and the only extant account which describes this yeshiva. With his broad Jewish education and his exceptional skills in his use of the Hebrew language, Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī is an important source in the
3041:
Sometimes the poet deviates from what is proper usage for a given noun, verb or adjective and changes the word's suffix in order to bring it into conformity with the rhyme. Most scholars agree that al-Ḍāhirī's greatest achievement is not just in his making use of rhymes, but rather in his ability to
2927:
study halls I had come to hear the expositors who expound upon a certain matter in several ways, seeing that they know every secret thing, from the walls of the ceiling, all the way down to its foundation – but, especially, the great luminary, even the wise man, Rabbi Joseph Karo, from whose seat of
2695:
After the community's release from prison, the lame king still kept a firm grip upon his Jewish subjects, scattering them in different places throughout the country where they were kept under close-surveillance while working in the many towers built in that country. This close-surveillance continued
3897:
places, while in some places he inclined after the stringent view, although that same man in the Talmud represents only a single opinion , and whose words were rejected, and therefore one must know these places, owing to our feebleness – we the people who dwell in darkness, in the land of Yemen, so
3892:
In the
Preface of his work on ritual slaughter, Rabbi Zechariah al-Dhahiri has mentioned the purpose of his writing a commentary on Maimonides' work on the laws governing ritual slaughter: “Now even though it is not fitting to add unto the words of Maimonides, of blessed memory,... we are still in
3878:
Günzburg MS. 1306, Russian State
Library, Moscow. The copyist writes the year 1588 as the date of its copying. A microfilm copy of this work is available at the National Library of Israel in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (Givat Ram Campus), Manuscript Dept., Microfilm reel # F-48786. The first
2623:
The author, while writing about his journeys and experiences, cleverly conceals his own identity while narrating his experiences, and describes the experiences of two men in their journey, the two chief protagonists of his travel narrative: Mordechai Haṣidonī and his old crony, Abner ben Ḥeleḳ the
2638:
of these two names (in Hebrew) is equal to his own real name. This remarkable literary work interweaves folktales, animal fables, riddles, poems, epistles, and travel accounts with pious admonitions, religious polemics, messianic speculations, and philosophical disquisitions in a most engaging
3868:
1,996 of the
Seleucid Era). Near the time of the author, the original work had undergone a later interpolation by an unknown second-hand who calls himself “Haḥosheq” (or, “he that desires ”) and where he expounds in greater depth upon some of the ideas brought down in al-Ḍāhirī’s
2919:. There, I saw the light of the Law, and the Jews had light. They surpassed all other communities… Then it was that I knew my estimable worth, based on all my strength and ability, and lo! I had been deficient in several matters. Now, ‘that which is lacking cannot be numbered’
2915:, the land of Canaan… I then came into the city, and lo! Within her dwelt the Divine Presence, for within her there is a large community, frowardness being removed far from them, about fourteen thousand in number! In eighteen seats of learning they had come to study the
3617:אחד, I moved on from there into the village of Kanah, the city of Jonah, the son of Amitai, and from there to Shechem and to Jerusalem, and Hebron the place of my fathers.” The year is denoted in Hebrew characters, in the form of a biblical verse (i.e. “the one
3854:
Several MSS exist: one of which is the Günzburg MS. 1306, Russian State
Library, Moscow (ref. 48786); another is the Sassoon MS. at Toronto University in Canada, written in 1585, while yet another is a MS at the National Library of Israel, Jerusalem, Ms. Heb.
2624:
Yemenite, which men are, in fact, the author himself. Some scholars had originally thought that the book was largely fictional because of this anomaly. However, modern
Israeli scholars now agree that the author was referring to himself in concealed terms (his
3002:
typical of Yemen prior to his time (depicted in the prosaic writings of Daniel berav Fayyūmī and
Avraham b. Ḥalfon, both, of Yemenite Jewish provenance) and the later classical Yemenite poetic writings (as depicted in the
2639:
fashion. It is not uncommon for al-Ḍāhirī to repeat episodes of his travel narrative, or some important event which happened to the Jewish community of Yemen, in more than one of the book's forty-five chapters.
2964:, which lies to the east. I then went there in haste, to see whether it be fat or lean, and when I had arrived there I saw distinguished elders, the glory of the Jews; those well-versed in Scripture and in the
3637:= 300), which, being rearranged, is actually השכ"ב (327), believed to have been the abbreviated form of the year, without the millennium. By adding the numerical value of the first letter of the next word,
2804:
exiles who were expelled from Spain began to make a name for themselves in the Land of Israel where they had come. Neither al-Ḍāhirī, nor the people of Yemen, were oblivious to this. Al-Ḍāhirī patterns his
3187:
Adaptations and
Innovations: Studies on the Interaction between Jewish and Islamic Thought and Literature from the Early Middle Ages to the Late Twentieth Century, Dedicated to Professor Joel L. Kraemer
2616:. Al-Ḍāhirī spent at least ten years in his travels away from his native Yemen, where he had left behind a wife and children. He writes of himself that he married a second wife in
2956:
Al-Ḍāhirī's description of the city of
Tiberius is on this wise: “…Now, I quickly passed through that land of great drought, until I reached the far end of the Sea, known as
3202:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Chapter Twenty-five, Benei Barak 2008 (Hebrew), p. 163. This is one of the more extraordinary anecdotes, since the king’s Minister and Prince,
1025:
2549:, a prosimetric literary genre of rhymed prose with intervals of poetry in which rhetorical extravagance is conspicuous, to describe his journeys. The vocalization of
3321:(ed. Yehuda Ratzaby), Chapter Twenty-five, Ben-Zvi Institute, Jerusalem 1965 (Hebrew), pp. 287-288; ibid. (ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Benei Baraq 2008 (Hebrew), p. 162
2686:– a record of his travel experiences, at the age of thirty-seven, although it was completed several decades later. Al-Ḍāhirī's travel accounts are styled after the
3552:, vol. 2, Ḥasid Publishers, Jerusalem 1991 (Hebrew), p. 118 (59b), although, when compared to the handwritten MSS., a printer’s error had befallen the printed text.
2792:(died 1150), among others, had all left an indelible mark on Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī. Some of the greatest exponents of Jewish law had also come from Spain, namely,
3585:(ed. Yehuda Ratzaby), Chapter Twenty-four, Ben Zvi Institute, Jerusalem 1965, p. 278; in Morechai Yitzhari’s 2008 edition, p. 157; see also Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī,
1603:
3971:(סדר קידוש לילי שבת לרבי זכריה אלצ'אהרי), Yosef Tobi, in: Afiqim: Journal of Spiritual Awakening and Culture (October 1978), Tel-Aviv; pp. 10–11 (Hebrew)
2743:
Al-Ḍāhirī mentions that the community was visited in 1595 – some twenty-seven years after their imprisonment had begun – by an emissary of the rabbis in the
1258:
953:
1145:
2982:
of the House of Nasi (d. 1569), but at her death the community lost thereby all means of support and was compelled to ask for Jewish donations abroad.
2353:
3030:(1290-1350), a Provençal rabbi who moved to Spain in 1306, following the expulsion of the Jews from France. Other panegyrics were written about Rabbi
117:
3984:
2849:
an esoteric teaching relating to the blowing of the ram's horn on New Year's Day and which practice is cited in the name of the illustrious Rabbi,
2747:, Rabbi Avraham b. Yiṣḥaq Ashkenazi, who had been sent there with many books and with letters of recommendation to raise money for the poor in the
1140:
1388:
2557:. Al-Ḍāhirī, who was very adept in Hebrew, admitted to having modeled his poetry – two-hundred and seventy-five of which poems are found in his
3346:
Encyclopedia of Great Men in Israel (Being a
Biographical Dictionary of Jewish Sages and Scholars from the 9th to the End of the 18th Century)
1642:
3602:. There, he writes: “…Now, in Tiberius there was the wise man, Ben Yochai, in whose generation he was of singular character; in the year,
2923:. I made myself inconspicuous in her midst, while feeling somewhat dejected on account of my inferior knowledge. Within the synagogues and
2543:
The book is one of the finest examples of Hebrew literary genius ever written in Yemen, its author making use of a poetic genre known as
627:
590:
2692:
of the famous Spanish schools of poetry, with a rhyming syllabary composed in metered verse, after an exquisite and flowering manner.
2677:, along with other principal persons of the Jewish community, for a period of one year in earnest by the lame theocratic ruler, al-Imām
1566:
3907:
There is a dispute amongst scholars whether or not this work actually belonged to Rabbi Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī. Some say that it, like
1589:
2853:. In another place, al-Ḍāhirī makes mention of the Sephardic practice where some will refrain from shaving their heads during the
3408:
939:
3077:
A Commentary on the Laws of Ritual Slaughter (being a commentary of Maimonides’ Hilkoth Sheḥiṭah – the Laws of Ritual Slaughter)
2346:
1516:
1451:
1333:
4033:
2759:
Zechariah Ḍāhirī is said to have been instrumental in introducing elements of the Spanish prayer-rite into Yemen, as well as
637:
1075:
2968:, while others of them had knowledge of the Talmud and of sound reason; still others of them knowledgeable in theoretical
2700:
al-Ḍāhirī also completed another momentous work, which he composed mainly in the late hours of the night, viz., the book,
4078:
1343:
1160:
1150:
390:
3018:
Much of al-Ḍāhirī's poetry was inspired by the great Spanish poets, while other works are said to have been inspired by
2642:
Perhaps the book's most important contribution to historians is in al-Ḍāhirī's description of the Jewish communities in
4083:
1739:
1689:
1654:
1348:
1213:
1080:
3415:(the Torah of the Sons of Yemen), Kiryat Ono 1995 (Hebrew), pp. 45-46, where he quotes from the Epilogue of the book,
3206:, had not yet burnt the family registers of the Jews in Yemen, and he recalled on this one page his family’s pedigree.
2670:
books, among other works, which he sold in Yemen at their face value. Other books, he recalls, had been lost at sea.
2339:
1431:
1393:
1368:
1288:
1273:
1120:
1060:
1015:
3711:(ed. Yehuda Ratzaby), Chapter Twenty-five, Ben-Zvi Institute, Jerusalem 1965 (Hebrew), p. 287; Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī,
4103:
4088:
1724:
1706:
1612:
1506:
1358:
1353:
1278:
1243:
1110:
4063:
2242:
2141:
1696:
1679:
1632:
1531:
1441:
1378:
1328:
1308:
1303:
1223:
1197:
1172:
1050:
1040:
1030:
1010:
1005:
3994:
2673:
Upon Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī's return to Yemen in 1568, during the Turkish-Yemeni wars, al-Ḍāhirī was imprisoned in
4073:
4058:
2526:. He wrote extensively about his travels and experiences in these places, which he penned in a Hebrew-language
1715:
1701:
1669:
1649:
1617:
1561:
1536:
1511:
1491:
1481:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1436:
1426:
1421:
1398:
1313:
1298:
1218:
1177:
1130:
1125:
1045:
990:
3598:
The date of al-Ḍāhirī’s visit to the Land of Israel is alluded to in Chapter Twenty-Five of al-Ḍāhirī’s book,
4068:
4043:
2999:
2825:(Sephardic Prayer Book), as he brings down portions of its layout in the biblical sections known as Parashat
2612:
Little is known of the author's early life, other than the fact that he was an Israelite, descended from the
2554:
2136:
1674:
1659:
1622:
1584:
1556:
1546:
1541:
1526:
1521:
1501:
1486:
1471:
1446:
1412:
1383:
1283:
1268:
1192:
1182:
1100:
1070:
995:
981:
3230:, Book One (article: "Sources for the History on the Relations Between the White and Black Jews of Cochin")
3183:
Didacticism or Literary Legerdemain? Philosophical and Ethical Themes in Zechariah Aldahiri's Sefer Hamusar
2733:
1744:
1664:
1627:
1551:
1496:
1363:
1338:
1263:
1238:
1228:
1167:
1090:
1085:
1065:
1055:
1035:
1020:
913:
617:
381:
376:
3679:
Translation of this last clause follows Yehuda Ratzaby’s explanation of the Hebrew in Zachariā Al-Ḏāhrī’s
4048:
3621:” – Exo. 29:39), each Hebrew character having a numerical value. The year given is highlighted as הכב"ש (
3083:(still in manuscript form) – a collection of one-hundred leniencies practised by the Jewish community of
2722:
1734:
1729:
1684:
1637:
1323:
1293:
1253:
1248:
1105:
411:
3981:
4028:
2941:. So they went their way, the pupils who were there gathered and the wise man (i.e. Rabbi Joseph Karo).
2208:
2053:
1761:
1155:
351:
341:
77:
2950:
2946:
2850:
2322:
2015:
1866:
1807:
698:
4098:
2025:
2005:
1115:
595:
136:
4000:
3948:, has been placed in the Yemenite Baladi-rite Prayer Book, in the midst of Solomon ibn Gabirol’s
2979:
2659:
2166:
2156:
2121:
2000:
1990:
1773:
944:
886:
720:
399:
356:
71:
3879:
three of these works here mentioned are explicitly named by the author in Chapter Forty-five of
3108:
3012:
2654:. Al-Ḍāhirī's description of Tiberius during that period conforms with that of another writer,
2285:
2020:
1934:
1000:
552:
171:
141:
3893:
need of Hamūdaʻī to know his (i.e. Maimonides’) intentions, for his words are obscure in some
3226:
4053:
4038:
4018:
3741:(ed. Yehuda Ratzaby), Chapter Twenty-four, Ben-Zvi Institute, Jerusalem 1965 (Hebrew), p. 279
3245:, Introduction (ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Chapter Eight, Benei Barak 2008 (Hebrew), pp. 67–71.
3050:
within those same strophes, which, by Jewish literary standards, is the true sign of genius.
2176:
2171:
2116:
1904:
819:
547:
534:
429:
146:
4093:
4023:
3982:
Travelers who visited the Land of Israel - from the Middle-Ages to our present age (Hebrew)
3933:
3031:
2854:
2247:
2199:
1939:
1797:
610:
475:
464:
422:
2985:
8:
2785:
2431:
2300:
1995:
673:
540:
443:
436:
366:
254:
129:
3189:, ed. Y. Tzvi Langermann and Josef Stern (Leuven: Peeters Publishers, 2008), pp. 355-79
3019:
2580:
2151:
2101:
2048:
2043:
1957:
1827:
1095:
924:
683:
603:
457:
23:
4001:"Of a Pietist Gone Bad and Des(s)erts Not Had: The Fourteenth of Zechariah Aldahiri's
3997:: Archaeologist Yosef Stefansky, historical documents on Tiberius in the 16th century
3478:(ed. Yosef Tobi), vol. 7. Association for Society and Culture, Netanya 2001. Article:
3806:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Chapter Twenty-one, Benei Barak 2008 (Hebrew), pp. 135-136.
3649:, p. 287, who relied upon the date of 1567, based upon Avraham Yaari’s calculations (
3645:, or what was then 1567 CE. Thus is it explained in Yehuda Ratzaby’s 1965 edition of
3349:
3027:
2837:
practices on his writings, such as where he devotes several chapters to theosophical
2471:
2295:
2237:
2217:
2034:
1594:
1233:
693:
564:
494:
371:
284:
151:
3832:(ed. Yehuda Ratzaby), Preface, Ben-Zvi Institute, Jerusalem 1965, pp. 13-14 (Hebrew)
3819:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Chapter Eighteen, Benei Barak 2008 (Hebrew), pp. 118-119.
3462:, Journal: Israel Affairs, Publisher: Routledge 2014, pp. 4, 8; Zechariā Al-Ḏāhrī,
3015:, al-Ḍāhirī's corpus of prosaic writings are written almost exclusively in Hebrew.
2900:
2781:
2728:
2706:(Victuals for the Road), being a commentary on the Pentateuch where he interweaves
2697:
2265:
2146:
2106:
2070:
1768:
1318:
829:
585:
489:
404:
294:
86:
3728:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Chapter Twenty-three, Benei Baraq 2008 (Hebrew), p. 147.
3282:
Kabbalah in a literary key: Mystical motifs in Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī’s Sefer Hamūsar
3258:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Chapter Sixteen, Benei Barak 2008 (Hebrew), pp. 105–106.
3166:
Kabbalah in a literary key: Mystical motifs in Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī’s Sefer Hamūsar
3988:
3754:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Chapter Twenty-four, Benei Baraq 2008 (Hebrew), p. 157.
3715:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Chapter Twenty-five, Benei Baraq 2008 (Hebrew), p. 162.
3466:(ed. Yehuda Ratzaby), Ben Zvi Institute, Jerusalem 1965, pp. 7-32; 36-37 (Hebrew)
2821:
leads one to conclude that al-Ḍāhirī was strongly influenced by the Spanish-rite
2777:
2662:, who also described the city's walls. Al-Ḍāhirī is accredited with bringing the
2613:
2570:
2507:
2395:
2382:
2370:
2227:
2186:
2181:
2161:
2083:
2077:
2010:
1962:
1802:
1783:
934:
663:
575:
558:
102:
3845:(ed. Yehuda Ratzaby), Preface, Ben-Zvi Institute, Jerusalem 1965, p. 13 (Hebrew)
3793:(ed. Yehuda Ratzaby), Preface, Ben-Zvi Institute, Jerusalem 1965, p. 16 (Hebrew)
3090:
Liturgical poetry (roughly, ten of which have survived): Includes such works as
3008:
2810:
2769:
2748:
2744:
2663:
2651:
2597:
2515:
2443:
2327:
2126:
1981:
1861:
1840:
1817:
1812:
1790:
1778:
1373:
854:
788:
753:
731:
668:
506:
484:
346:
325:
301:
67:
49:
3653:, Tel-Aviv 1946, p. 196). Mordechai Yitzhari, however, in his 2008 edition of
2911:
I journeyed from Syria, the province, through Upper Galilee, unto the city of
4012:
3670:(ed. Yehuda Ratzaby), Ben-Zvi Institute, Jerusalem 1965 (Hebrew), pp. 116–117
3532:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Chapter Three, Benei Barak 2008, pp. 34–41 (Hebrew)
2998:
There is to be noted in al-Ḍāhirī's style a marked transition from the early
2814:
2801:
2630:), just as he says explicitly about himself in the Introduction to his book,
2499:
2411:
2275:
2270:
1476:
1403:
929:
778:
773:
768:
758:
736:
688:
450:
289:
194:
156:
107:
3353:
3940:(ed. Shimon Tzalach), vol. 4, Jerusalem 1971 (Hebrew), pp. 252b-255a. This
2892:
2797:
2789:
2688:
2527:
2511:
2455:
2439:
2435:
2415:
2305:
2131:
1972:
1967:
1925:
1878:
972:
839:
824:
783:
748:
361:
203:
3641:
in the word האחד, it brings us to the millennium 5; that year being 5,327
3348:(in Hebrew). Vol. 1. Tel-Aviv: Yavneh Publishing House. p. 460.
2809:(A treatise on Hebrew homonyms) after a work by a similar name written by
3271:, Introduction (ed. Mordechai Yitzhari) Benei Barak 2008 (Hebrew), p. 14.
2888:
2884:
2870:
2761:
2717:
2678:
2601:
2588:
2290:
2232:
1897:
803:
798:
793:
763:
3864:
Jewish Theological Seminary, Lutzki MS. 931, New York. Written in 1685 (
3334:, Introduction (ed. Mordechai Yitzhari) Benei Barak 2008, p. 13, note 1.
3309:, Introduction (ed. Mordechai Yitzhari) Benei Barak 2008 (Hebrew), p. 13
3370:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Chapter Forty-five, Benei Barak 2008, p. 272.
3084:
3035:
2945:
In Safed, al-Ḍāhirī also met-up with other great rabbis, such as Rabbi
2793:
2674:
2407:
2402:) (16th century Yemen), was the son of Saʻīd (Saʻadia) al-Ḍāhirī, from
1948:
962:
891:
849:
678:
658:
217:
124:
44:
3449:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Chapter Forty, Benei Barak 2008, pp. 248-250
3497:
Rabbi Zechariah al-Dhahiri in the Adulation of Rabbi Yosef ben Israel
2626:
2491:
2423:
2111:
2096:
1186:
1134:
896:
844:
834:
515:
511:
501:
416:
176:
3022:. Some of al-Ḍāhirī's poems are panegyrics influenced by the Arabic
2545:
864:
2975:
2970:
2896:
2838:
2647:
2635:
2487:
2479:
2467:
2463:
2403:
2280:
1890:
1822:
653:
161:
112:
3920:
Published in nearly every Yemenite Dīwan. See the Yemenite Dīwan,
3589:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Chapter Forty, Benei Barak 2008, p. 248.
3572:, vol. 2, Ḥasid Publishers, Jerusalem 1991 (Hebrew), p. 108 (54b).
3515:, vol. 2, Ḥasid Publishers, Jerusalem 1991 (Hebrew), p. 28 (14b);
3436:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Chapter Twelve, Benei Barak 2008, p. 89.
3383:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Chapter Twelve, Benei Barak 2008, p. 88.
3098:, and which are perhaps the most renowned of his liturgical poems.
3062:(The author's travel itinerary; beginning of composition in 1568.)
3683:(Chapter Six), Ben-Zvi Institute, Jerusalem 1965 (Hebrew), p. 116
3295:
Safed and Tiberius in Rabbi Zechariah al-Dhahiri’s Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3221:
3047:
2904:
2875:
2592:
2519:
2419:
2256:
2222:
2091:
1885:
874:
869:
741:
632:
527:
523:
519:
268:
263:
240:
222:
97:
92:
82:
60:
35:
3011:). Unlike the latter who compiled works, both, in Hebrew and in
2530:
narrative, eventually publishing them in a book which he called
3172:(ed. Mordechai Yitzhari), Introduction, Benei Baraq 2008, p. 14
3043:
3004:
2965:
2938:
2916:
2575:
2495:
2475:
1916:
1911:
1871:
1856:
967:
859:
279:
245:
231:
166:
3969:
Kiddush on the Night of Sabbath, by Rabbi Zechariah al-Dhahiri
3042:
interweave biblical verse and rabbinic sayings taken from the
3767:, Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1948, pp. 120–121
2929:
2912:
2712:
2643:
2617:
2584:
2523:
2503:
2483:
2459:
2451:
2447:
2427:
2406:, in the District of al-Mahwit, Yemen, a place north-west of
879:
308:
212:
181:
31:
3780:, Journal: Israel Affairs, Publisher: Routledge 2014, p. 3
3493:
Bayn Rabbi Zechariah al-Dhahiri le'rabbi Yosef ben Yisrael
3143:, or “word synthesis,” in the Yemenite Hebrew vernacular.
3087:
with respect to the lungs of ritually slaughtered animals.
2518:
in Ethiopia, where he returned to Yemen by crossing the
3074:(A treatise on Hebrew homonyms, written in 2148 verses)
3399:, 2 volumes, Hasid Publishers, Jerusalem 1991 (Hebrew)
3168:, Ohio State University, Brill Co. Leiden 2009, p. 1;
2861:, which, by that time, had mostly been lost by them.
3284:, Ohio State University, Brill Co. Leiden 2009, p. 1
3147:, in the local parlance spoken in Yemen, was called
2418:
in search of a better livelihood, travelling to the
1895:
1876:
299:
3778:Politics and poetry in the works of Shalom Shabazī
3460:Politics and poetry in the works of Shalom Shabazī
2604:and of Jewish persecution in Yemen at that time.
4010:
3924:(ed. Yosef Hasid), Jerusalem 1976 (Hebrew), p. 2
2989:Photo of Tiberias in 1870, View from South-east
3519:vol. 1, on the verse in Genesis 2:1, p. 5 (3a)
3026:, in praise of great Jewish scholars, such as
2833:. So, too, the author shows the influence of
2573:, who, in turn, was influenced by the Arabic
2410:. He is recognized as one of the most gifted
2347:
3991:; pp. 196–221 (pp. 195–ff. in PDF)
2907:), writing of his impressions on this wise:
2754:
2768:The early Spanish poets of the Golden Age,
591:History of the Jews in the Byzantine Empire
3952:and which is recited in the synagogues on
3343:
2869:Zechariah (Yaḥya) al-Ḍāhirī visited Rabbi
2864:
2800:. Other proponents of Jewish law from the
2354:
2340:
3096:Adonai mī yağīaʻ ʻad takhlīt ḥokhmathekha
2607:
3883:, p. 272 in Morechai Yitzhari’s edition.
3697:. Benei Baraq 2008 (Hebrew), pp. 58, 62.
3476:TEMA - Journal of Judeo-Yemenite Studies
2993:
2984:
4011:
3692:
3511:on Leviticus, chapter 7, published in
2887:philosophies of which he describes in
3911:, had gone through a later recension.
3480:Nosaḥ ha-tefillah shel yehudei teyman
2710:themes and philosophy drawn from the
2414:poets and rabbinic scholars who left
2381:
3232:, p. רמט, but in PDF p. 271 (Hebrew)
3344:Margalioth, Mordechai, ed. (2003).
2682:began to write his momentous work,
2399:
2374:
16:16th-century Yemenite Jewish paytan
13:
3962:
2845:, and where he brings down in his
2813:. Al-Ḍāhirī's frequent mention of
2522:and alighting at a port city near
14:
4115:
3975:
3053:
3007:composed by Yosef ben Israel and
2600:in the Land of Israel during the
2553:gives insight unto scholars into
382:Historical population comparisons
3995:Hashirah Le’Tiveriah Hama’atirah
3922:Sefer Shirei S. Shabazī Haggadol
3765:Doña Gracia of the House of Nasi
3293:Yosef Stefansky, Archaeologist,
2817:prayer rites and customs in his
1026:Democratic Republic of the Congo
940:Historical population by country
3927:
3914:
3901:
3886:
3872:
3858:
3848:
3835:
3822:
3809:
3796:
3783:
3770:
3757:
3744:
3731:
3718:
3701:
3693:Al-Dhahiri, Zechariah (Yaḥya).
3686:
3673:
3660:
3592:
3575:
3555:
3535:
3522:
3502:
3485:
3469:
3452:
3439:
3426:
3402:
3386:
3373:
3360:
3337:
3324:
3312:
3299:
3287:
3274:
2390:1531 – d. 1608), often spelled
3261:
3248:
3235:
3209:
3192:
3175:
3158:
3133:
3120:
3068:(Commentary on the Pentateuch)
1:
3114:
2555:Yemenite Hebrew pronunciation
2538:The Book of Moral Instruction
2383:[zăχarˈjɔˈdˤdˤaːhiri]
597:Christianity and Judaism
4034:16th-century Yemenite rabbis
2734:Joseph ben Abraham Gikatilla
2583:. His vivid descriptions of
7:
3102:
2367:Zechariah (Yaḥya) al-Ḍāhirī
1896:
1877:
1604:Latin America and Caribbean
300:
10:
4120:
4079:Hebrew-language literature
2209:Jewish political movements
1906:Conversion to Judaism
4084:Jews and Judaism in Yemen
3528:Cf. Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī,
3413:Torathan shelivnei Teiman
2928:learning the wise men of
2895:terms rather than purely
2755:Spanish Jewry’s influence
612:Hinduism and Judaism
438:Temple in Jerusalem
131:Bar and bat mitzvah
4104:Jewish liturgical poets
4089:Rabbis in Ottoman Syria
3956:(the Day of Atonement).
3564:on Leviticus, Parashat
3305:Zechariah Al-Dhahiri,
3267:Zechariah Al-Dhahiri,
3254:Zechariah Al-Dhahiri,
3241:Zechariah Al-Dhahiri,
3215:Al-Dhahiri, Zechariah.
3198:Zechariah Al-Dhahiri,
2865:Highlights from journey
2723:Guide for the Perplexed
2660:Hayyim ben Joseph Vital
400:Twelve Tribes of Israel
4064:16th-century travelers
3815:Zechariah Al-Dhahiri,
3802:Zechariah Al-Dhahiri,
3544:on Leviticus Parashat
3482:, pp. 29 – 30 (Hebrew)
3432:Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī,
3379:Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī,
3366:Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī,
3330:Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī,
3130:, Jerusalem 1987, p. 5
3109:Yemenite Jewish poetry
3000:Spanish-type of poetry
2990:
2943:
2608:Early life and travels
4074:Jewish Yemeni history
4059:Hebrew-language poets
3750:Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī,
3724:Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī,
3651:Masa'ot Eretz Yisrael
3499:, (Hebrew), pp. 77–78
3445:Zechariah al-Ḍāhirī,
3204:Aharon Iraqi Ha-Kohen
2994:Author's poetic style
2988:
2949:, the kabbalist, and
2909:
2666:to Yemen, as well as
2514:, and finally to the
1146:São Tomé and Príncipe
1141:Republic of the Congo
535:Second Temple Judaism
406:Kingdom of Judah
377:Modern historiography
4069:Holy Land travellers
4044:16th-century writers
3581:Zechariā Al- Ḏāhrī,
3151:(the plural form of
3032:Obadiah di Bertinoro
2951:Rabbi Moses di Trani
2855:Counting of the Omer
2392:Zechariah al-Dhahiri
2248:World Agudath Israel
1389:United Arab Emirates
476:Second Temple period
466:Babylonian captivity
3841:Zachariā Al-Ḏāhrī,
3828:Zachariā Al-Ḏāhrī,
3789:Zachariā Al-Ḏāhrī,
3737:Zachariā Al-Ḏāhrī,
3707:Zachariā Al-Ḏāhrī,
3666:Zachariā Al-Ḏāhrī,
3034:(c. 1445-1515) and
2786:Solomon ibn Gabirol
2780:(1170–1235), Rabbi
2432:Indian subcontinent
541:Hellenistic Judaism
119:Land of Israel
78:Principles of faith
4049:16th-century poets
3987:2014-10-23 at the
3225:; online edition:
2991:
2980:Doña Gracia Mendes
2581:al-Ḥarīrī of Basra
2540:), in circa 1580.
2102:Jewish Koine Greek
1644:Dominican Republic
925:Judaism by country
604:Jews and Christmas
459:Assyrian captivity
4029:17th-century Jews
3938:Tiklāl ‘Eṣ Ḥayyim
3934:Rabbi Yiḥye Ṣāliḥ
3280:Adena Tanenbaum,
3181:Adena Tanenbaum,
3164:Adena Tanenbaum,
3028:Rabbeinu Yerucham
2936:
2922:
2658:., that of Rabbi
2364:
2363:
2313:
2312:
2061:
2060:
1808:Reconstructionist
1752:
1751:
904:
903:
711:
710:
548:Jewish–Roman wars
496:Hasmonean dynasty
412:Kingdom of Israel
316:
315:
4111:
3957:
3931:
3925:
3918:
3912:
3909:Ṣeidah la’derekh
3905:
3899:
3890:
3884:
3876:
3870:
3862:
3856:
3852:
3846:
3839:
3833:
3826:
3820:
3813:
3807:
3800:
3794:
3787:
3781:
3774:
3768:
3761:
3755:
3748:
3742:
3735:
3729:
3722:
3716:
3705:
3699:
3698:
3690:
3684:
3677:
3671:
3664:
3658:
3596:
3590:
3579:
3573:
3570:Tāj – Pentateuch
3562:Ṣeidah la’derekh
3559:
3553:
3550:Tāj – Pentateuch
3542:Ṣeidah la’derekh
3539:
3533:
3526:
3520:
3513:Tāj – Pentateuch
3509:Ṣeidah la’derekh
3506:
3500:
3489:
3483:
3473:
3467:
3456:
3450:
3443:
3437:
3430:
3424:
3417:Ṣeidah la’derekh
3406:
3400:
3397:Taj – Pentateuch
3393:Ṣeidah la’derekh
3390:
3384:
3377:
3371:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3341:
3335:
3328:
3322:
3316:
3310:
3303:
3297:
3291:
3285:
3278:
3272:
3265:
3259:
3252:
3246:
3239:
3233:
3213:
3207:
3196:
3190:
3179:
3173:
3162:
3156:
3137:
3131:
3124:
3092:Ḳiryah Yafefiyah
3066:Ṣeidah la’derekh
3020:Immanuel of Rome
3005:liturgical poems
2934:
2920:
2847:Ṣeidah la’derekh
2819:Ṣeidah la’derekh
2788:(c. 1020–1058),
2784:(c. 1089–1167),
2782:Abraham ibn Ezra
2703:Ṣeidah la’derekh
2401:
2385:
2380:
2376:
2356:
2349:
2342:
2205:
2204:
2086:
1907:
1901:
1882:
1846:
1845:
1793:
1740:New Zealand
1692:
1655:El Salvador
1645:
1577:Northern America
1569:
1163:
919:
918:
830:Crimean Karaites
726:
725:
704:
702:
623:
621:
613:
607:
598:
586:Rabbinic Judaism
567:
561:
555:
543:
531:
497:
490:Maccabean Revolt
467:
460:
454:
446:
439:
433:
425:
407:
331:
330:
305:
200:
199:
132:
120:
19:
18:
4119:
4118:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4109:
4108:
4099:Tribe of Reuben
4009:
4008:
3989:Wayback Machine
3978:
3965:
3963:Further reading
3960:
3932:
3928:
3919:
3915:
3906:
3902:
3891:
3887:
3877:
3873:
3863:
3859:
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3840:
3836:
3827:
3823:
3814:
3810:
3801:
3797:
3788:
3784:
3775:
3771:
3762:
3758:
3749:
3745:
3736:
3732:
3723:
3719:
3706:
3702:
3691:
3687:
3678:
3674:
3665:
3661:
3597:
3593:
3580:
3576:
3568:, published in
3560:
3556:
3548:, published in
3540:
3536:
3527:
3523:
3507:
3503:
3490:
3486:
3474:
3470:
3457:
3453:
3444:
3440:
3431:
3427:
3407:
3403:
3395:, published in
3391:
3387:
3378:
3374:
3365:
3361:
3342:
3338:
3329:
3325:
3317:
3313:
3304:
3300:
3292:
3288:
3279:
3275:
3266:
3262:
3253:
3249:
3240:
3236:
3214:
3210:
3197:
3193:
3180:
3176:
3163:
3159:
3138:
3134:
3128:Saʻarath Teiman
3125:
3121:
3117:
3105:
3056:
2996:
2947:Moses Cordovero
2867:
2851:Moses Cordovero
2757:
2729:Sefer Ha`iqarim
2726:, Yosef Albo's
2636:numerical value
2614:Tribe of Reuben
2610:
2571:Yehuda Alharizi
2508:Damascus Eyalet
2412:Yemenite Jewish
2378:
2360:
2315:
2314:
2202:
2192:
2191:
2182:Judeo-Malayalam
2162:Judaeo-Georgian
2082:
2073:
2063:
2062:
1963:Yiddish theatre
1905:
1843:
1833:
1832:
1791:
1764:
1754:
1753:
1690:
1643:
1567:
1161:
945:Genetic studies
916:
906:
905:
723:
713:
712:
700:
699:
619:
618:
611:
601:
596:
578:and Middle Ages
576:Rabbinic period
563:
557:
550:
538:
509:
495:
465:
458:
449:
441:
437:
428:
423:in Judaism
420:
405:
328:
318:
317:
197:
187:
186:
130:
118:
63:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4117:
4107:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
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4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4007:
4006:
3998:
3992:
3977:
3976:External links
3974:
3973:
3972:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3926:
3913:
3900:
3885:
3881:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3871:
3857:
3847:
3843:Sefer Hammusar
3834:
3830:Sefer Hammusar
3821:
3817:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3808:
3804:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3795:
3791:Sefer Hammusar
3782:
3769:
3756:
3752:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3743:
3739:Sefer Hammusar
3730:
3726:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3717:
3713:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3709:Sefer Hammusar
3700:
3695:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3685:
3681:Sefer Hammusar
3672:
3668:Sefer Hammusar
3659:
3600:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3591:
3587:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3583:Sefer Hammusar
3574:
3554:
3534:
3530:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3521:
3501:
3484:
3468:
3464:Sefer Hammusar
3451:
3447:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3438:
3434:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3425:
3409:Yehuda Ratzaby
3401:
3385:
3381:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3372:
3368:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3359:
3336:
3332:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3323:
3319:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3311:
3307:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3298:
3286:
3273:
3269:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3260:
3256:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3247:
3243:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3234:
3217:Sefer Ha-Musar
3208:
3200:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3191:
3174:
3170:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3157:
3145:Sefer Ha-Mūsar
3132:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3099:
3088:
3078:
3075:
3069:
3063:
3055:
3054:Literary works
3052:
3009:Shalom Shabazi
2995:
2992:
2866:
2863:
2859:belles lettres
2811:Moses ibn Ezra
2802:Spanish Jewish
2770:Moses ibn Ezra
2756:
2753:
2749:Land of Israel
2745:Land of Israel
2720:, Maimonides’
2664:Shulchan Aruch
2652:Sea of Galilee
2609:
2606:
2598:Jewish history
2516:Adal Sultanate
2375:זכריה אלצ'אהרי
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
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2243:Territorialism
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2139:
2134:
2129:
2127:Judaeo-Spanish
2124:
2122:Judaeo-Iranian
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2074:
2069:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2038:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1985:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1952:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1929:
1928:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1902:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1851:
1850:
1844:
1839:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1765:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1719:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1607:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1568:United Kingdom
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1416:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
1001:Bilad-el-Sudan
998:
993:
985:
984:
978:
977:
976:
975:
970:
965:
957:
956:
954:Land of Israel
950:
949:
948:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
917:
912:
911:
908:
907:
902:
901:
900:
899:
894:
889:
884:
883:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
814:
813:
812:Related groups
809:
808:
807:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
745:
744:
739:
724:
719:
718:
715:
714:
709:
708:
707:
706:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
669:Jewish atheism
666:
661:
656:
648:
647:
643:
642:
641:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:Islamic–Jewish
615:
608:
593:
588:
580:
579:
572:
571:
570:
569:
545:
532:
504:
499:
492:
487:
485:Yehud Medinata
479:
478:
472:
471:
470:
469:
462:
455:
447:
434:
426:
414:
409:
402:
394:
393:
391:Ancient Israel
387:
386:
385:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
347:Land of Israel
344:
336:
335:
329:
324:
323:
320:
319:
314:
313:
312:
311:
306:
302:Shulchan Aruch
297:
292:
287:
282:
274:
273:
272:
271:
266:
258:
257:
251:
250:
249:
248:
243:
235:
234:
228:
227:
226:
225:
220:
215:
207:
206:
198:
193:
192:
189:
188:
185:
184:
179:
174:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
127:
122:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
80:
75:
68:God in Judaism
64:
59:
58:
55:
54:
53:
52:
47:
39:
38:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4116:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4005:
4004:
4003:Sefer hamusar
3999:
3996:
3993:
3990:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3955:
3951:
3950:Keter Malkhut
3947:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3930:
3923:
3917:
3910:
3904:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3875:
3867:
3861:
3851:
3844:
3838:
3831:
3825:
3818:
3812:
3805:
3799:
3792:
3786:
3779:
3773:
3766:
3760:
3753:
3747:
3740:
3734:
3727:
3721:
3714:
3710:
3704:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3676:
3669:
3663:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3613:
3609:
3607:
3601:
3595:
3588:
3584:
3578:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3558:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3538:
3531:
3525:
3518:
3514:
3510:
3505:
3498:
3494:
3491:Yehuda Amir,
3488:
3481:
3477:
3472:
3465:
3461:
3455:
3448:
3442:
3435:
3429:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3405:
3398:
3394:
3389:
3382:
3376:
3369:
3363:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3340:
3333:
3327:
3320:
3315:
3308:
3302:
3296:
3290:
3283:
3277:
3270:
3264:
3257:
3251:
3244:
3238:
3231:
3229:
3224:
3223:
3218:
3212:
3205:
3201:
3195:
3188:
3184:
3178:
3171:
3167:
3161:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3136:
3129:
3126:Amram Qorah,
3123:
3119:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3086:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3072:Sefer Ha`anaḳ
3070:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3051:
3049:
3045:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3016:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3001:
2987:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2972:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2954:
2952:
2948:
2942:
2940:
2931:
2926:
2918:
2914:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2883:1567 CE (the
2882:
2879:in Safed, in
2878:
2877:
2872:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2807:Sefer Ha`anaḳ
2803:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2724:
2719:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2705:
2704:
2699:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2676:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2628:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2605:
2603:
2599:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2577:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2563:Sefer Haʻanaḳ
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2547:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2533:Sefer HaMusar
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2500:Ottoman Syria
2497:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2400:زكريا الضاهري
2397:
2393:
2389:
2384:
2372:
2368:
2357:
2352:
2350:
2345:
2343:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2262:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2195:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2167:Judeo-Aramaic
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2157:Judeo-Italian
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2137:Ghardaïa Sign
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2085:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2072:
2067:
2066:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1836:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1789:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1762:Denominations
1758:
1757:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1590:United States
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1076:Guinea-Bissau
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
988:
987:
986:
983:
980:
979:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
959:
958:
955:
952:
951:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
930:Lists of Jews
928:
926:
923:
922:
921:
920:
915:
910:
909:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
857:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
817:
816:
815:
811:
810:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
743:
740:
738:
735:
734:
733:
730:
729:
728:
727:
722:
717:
716:
705:
697:
695:
692:
690:
689:The Holocaust
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
651:
650:
649:
645:
644:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
616:
614:
609:
605:
599:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
583:
582:
581:
577:
574:
573:
566:
560:
554:
549:
546:
542:
536:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
482:
481:
480:
477:
474:
473:
468:
463:
461:
456:
452:
448:
445:
440:
435:
431:
427:
424:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
403:
401:
398:
397:
396:
395:
392:
389:
388:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
339:
338:
337:
333:
332:
327:
322:
321:
310:
307:
304:
303:
298:
296:
293:
291:
290:Mishneh Torah
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
277:
276:
275:
270:
267:
265:
262:
261:
260:
259:
256:
253:
252:
247:
244:
242:
239:
238:
237:
236:
233:
230:
229:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
211:
210:
209:
208:
205:
202:
201:
196:
191:
190:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
128:
126:
123:
121:
116:
114:
111:
109:
106:
104:
101:
99:
96:
94:
91:
88:
84:
81:
79:
76:
73:
69:
66:
65:
62:
57:
56:
51:
50:Who is a Jew?
48:
46:
43:
42:
41:
40:
37:
33:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
4054:Jewish poets
4039:Yemeni poets
4019:1530s births
4002:
3968:
3953:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3937:
3929:
3921:
3916:
3908:
3903:
3894:
3888:
3880:
3874:
3865:
3860:
3850:
3842:
3837:
3829:
3824:
3816:
3811:
3803:
3798:
3790:
3785:
3777:
3776:Yosef Tobi,
3772:
3764:
3763:Cecil Roth,
3759:
3751:
3746:
3738:
3733:
3725:
3720:
3712:
3708:
3703:
3694:
3688:
3680:
3675:
3667:
3662:
3654:
3650:
3646:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3618:
3614:
3611:
3605:
3603:
3599:
3594:
3586:
3582:
3577:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3529:
3524:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3496:
3492:
3487:
3479:
3475:
3471:
3463:
3459:
3458:Yosef Tobi,
3454:
3446:
3441:
3433:
3428:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3404:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3380:
3375:
3367:
3362:
3345:
3339:
3331:
3326:
3318:
3314:
3306:
3301:
3294:
3289:
3281:
3276:
3268:
3263:
3255:
3250:
3242:
3237:
3227:
3220:
3216:
3211:
3203:
3199:
3194:
3186:
3182:
3177:
3169:
3165:
3160:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3139:Called also
3135:
3127:
3122:
3095:
3091:
3081:Me’ah Ḳūloth
3080:
3071:
3065:
3059:
3040:
3023:
3017:
3013:Judeo-Arabic
2997:
2969:
2961:
2957:
2955:
2944:
2924:
2921:(Eccl. 1:15)
2910:
2901:theosophical
2893:neo-Platonic
2880:
2874:
2868:
2858:
2846:
2842:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2806:
2790:Judah Halevi
2773:
2767:
2760:
2758:
2742:
2738:Sha'are Orah
2737:
2727:
2721:
2711:
2707:
2702:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2683:
2672:
2667:
2655:
2641:
2631:
2625:
2622:
2611:
2574:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2550:
2544:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2531:
2528:rhymed prose
2512:Egypt Eyalet
2456:Ottoman Iraq
2440:Safavid Iran
2416:South Arabia
2391:
2387:
2366:
2365:
2306:Post-Zionism
2177:Judeo-Berber
2172:Judeo-Arabic
2132:Judeo-Gascon
1879:Pidyon haben
1798:Conservative
1344:Saudi Arabia
1162:South Africa
1151:Sierra Leone
973:Israeli Jews
887:Mosaic Arabs
840:Kaifeng Jews
701:Arab–Israeli
674:Emancipation
553:Great Revolt
362:Anti-Judaism
357:Antisemitism
352:Name "Judea"
147:Baal teshuva
4094:Panegyrists
4024:1608 deaths
3944:, based on
3869:commentary.
3495:, Article:
2889:Maimonidean
2885:kabbalistic
2871:Joseph Karo
2835:kabbalistic
2765:practices.
2762:kabbalistic
2718:Saadia Gaon
2708:kabbalistic
2679:al-Mutahhar
2668:kabbalistic
2602:Renaissance
2589:Joseph Karo
2466:in Ottoman
2301:Revisionist
2291:Neo-Zionism
1898:Zeved habat
1691:Puerto Rico
1517:Netherlands
1349:South Korea
1334:Philippines
1214:Afghanistan
1081:Ivory Coast
855:Crypto-Jews
820:Bnei Anusim
799:Bene Israel
764:Beta Israel
721:Communities
628:Middle Ages
367:Persecution
142:Bereavement
4013:Categories
3954:Yom Kippur
3643:anno mundi
3421:a fortiori
3115:References
3036:Maimonides
2935:(Ps. 19:7)
2794:Maimonides
2732:and Rabbi
2510:, and the
2470:, Rome in
2379:pronounced
2286:Maximalism
2238:Secularism
2218:Autonomism
2035:Literature
1828:Humanistic
1432:Azerbaijan
1394:Uzbekistan
1369:Tajikistan
1289:Kyrgyzstan
1274:Kazakhstan
1121:Mozambique
1096:Madagascar
1016:Cape Verde
968:New Yishuv
963:Old Yishuv
914:Population
892:Subbotniks
850:Samaritans
789:Romanyotim
732:Ashkenazim
679:Old Yishuv
659:Sabbateans
646:Modern era
638:Golden Age
565:Bar Kokhba
285:Beit Yosef
152:Philosophy
3153:maḥbereth
3149:maḥberoth
3141:maḥbereth
2958:Kinneret
2925:midrashic
2905:sefirotic
2815:Sephardic
2698:Zechariah
2627:alter ego
2596:study of
2567:Taḥkemoni
2565:– on the
2492:Jerusalem
2296:Religious
2152:Zarphatic
2142:Bukharian
2112:Judeo-Tat
2097:Yeshivish
2071:Languages
2026:Sephardic
2016:Israelite
2006:Ethiopian
1996:Ashkenazi
1935:Religious
1725:Australia
1707:Venezuela
1613:Argentina
1595:Greenland
1507:Lithuania
1359:Sri Lanka
1354:Singapore
1279:Kurdistan
1244:Indonesia
1234:Hong Kong
1187:Abayudaya
1111:Mauritius
845:Igbo Jews
835:Krymchaks
754:Sephardim
622:relations
516:Sadducees
512:Pharisees
502:Sanhedrin
417:Jerusalem
177:Synagogue
45:Etymology
3985:Archived
3946:Kabbalah
3895:halachic
3606:ha-keves
3354:52841127
3103:See also
2976:Istanbul
2971:Kabbalah
2962:Kinneret
2897:mystical
2839:Kabbalah
2831:Breishit
2778:Alḥarizi
2716:, Rabbi
2648:Tiberius
2561:and his
2488:Tiberias
2480:Damascus
2468:Anatolia
2464:Istanbul
2404:Kawkaban
2323:Category
2281:Kahanism
2228:Feminism
2200:Politics
2084:Biblical
2054:American
2001:Bukharan
1991:American
1891:Shidduch
1867:Clothing
1823:Haymanot
1769:Orthodox
1697:Suriname
1680:Paraguay
1633:Colombia
1532:Portugal
1442:Bulgaria
1379:Thailand
1329:Pakistan
1309:Mongolia
1304:Malaysia
1224:Cambodia
1198:Zimbabwe
1173:Tanzania
1051:Eswatini
1041:Ethiopia
1031:Djibouti
1011:Cameroon
1006:Botswana
935:Diaspora
897:Noahides
870:Marranos
794:Cochinim
779:Bukharim
769:Gruzinim
759:Teimanim
749:Mizrahim
737:Galician
703:conflict
664:Hasidism
654:Haskalah
559:Diaspora
430:timeline
342:Timeline
255:Rabbinic
162:Kabbalah
137:Marriage
113:Tzedakah
103:Holidays
61:Religion
24:a series
22:Part of
3855:8°6748.
3655:HaMusar
3647:HaMusar
3608:he-eḥad
3228:Sefunot
3222:Sefunot
3060:HaMusar
3048:Midrash
2876:yeshiva
2843:HaMusar
2841:in his
2776:1060),
2689:maqāmāt
2684:HaMusar
2646:and in
2632:HaMusar
2593:yeshiva
2587:and of
2576:maqāmāt
2559:HaMusar
2551:HaMusar
2520:Red Sea
2506:in the
2446:-ruled
2444:Ottoman
2430:in the
2424:Calicut
2422:-ruled
2420:Zamorin
2266:General
2257:Zionism
2233:Leftism
2223:Bundism
2147:Knaanic
2107:Yevanic
2092:Yiddish
2049:Yiddish
2044:Israeli
2021:Mizrahi
2011:Israeli
1982:Cuisine
1958:Ancient
1940:Secular
1886:Kashrut
1862:Wedding
1849:Customs
1841:Culture
1818:Science
1813:Renewal
1803:Karaite
1784:Hasidic
1716:Oceania
1702:Uruguay
1670:Jamaica
1650:Ecuador
1618:Bolivia
1562:Ukraine
1537:Romania
1512:Moldova
1492:Hungary
1482:Germany
1477:Georgia
1467:Finland
1462:Estonia
1457:Denmark
1452:Czechia
1437:Belarus
1427:Austria
1422:Armenia
1399:Vietnam
1314:Myanmar
1299:Lebanon
1219:Bahrain
1178:Tunisia
1156:Somalia
1131:Nigeria
1126:Namibia
1116:Morocco
1046:Eritrea
991:Algeria
875:Neofiti
784:Italkim
774:Juhurim
684:Zionism
633:Khazars
528:Sicarii
524:Zealots
520:Essenes
507:Schisms
372:Leaders
334:General
326:History
269:Tosefta
264:Midrash
241:Mishnah
223:Ketuvim
218:Nevi'im
167:Customs
98:Shabbat
93:Halakha
85: (
83:Mitzvot
70: (
36:Judaism
3942:piyyut
3629:= 20;
3352:
3085:Sana’a
3044:Talmud
2966:Mishna
2939:Mishna
2917:Talmud
2823:Siddur
2798:Alfasi
2675:Sana’a
2634:. The
2618:Cochin
2546:maqāma
2496:Hebron
2494:, and
2476:Aleppo
2436:Hormuz
2428:Cochin
2408:Sana’a
2396:Arabic
2371:Hebrew
2328:Portal
2187:Domari
2117:Shassi
2078:Hebrew
1973:Humour
1917:Hiloni
1912:Aliyah
1872:Niddah
1857:Minyan
1792:Reform
1779:Haredi
1774:Modern
1675:Mexico
1660:Guyana
1623:Brazil
1585:Canada
1557:Sweden
1547:Serbia
1542:Russia
1527:Poland
1522:Norway
1502:Latvia
1487:Greece
1472:France
1447:Cyprus
1413:Europe
1384:Turkey
1374:Taiwan
1284:Kuwait
1269:Jordan
1259:Israel
1193:Zambia
1183:Uganda
1101:Malawi
1071:Guinea
1061:Gambia
996:Angola
982:Africa
865:Dönmeh
860:Anusim
804:Berber
742:Litvak
694:Israel
600:
537:
451:Second
419:
280:Targum
246:Gemara
232:Talmud
204:Tanakh
157:Ethics
108:Prayer
3633:= 2;
3625:= 5;
3612:הכב"ש
3610:= את
3517:ibid.
3185:, in
3024:madiḥ
2930:Safed
2913:Safed
2903:, or
2881:circa
2774:circa
2713:Zohar
2644:Safed
2585:Safed
2524:Mocha
2504:Sidon
2484:Safed
2472:Italy
2460:Bursa
2452:Irbil
2448:Basra
2388:circa
2386:, b.
2276:Labor
2271:Green
1968:Dance
1926:Music
1745:Palau
1665:Haiti
1628:Chile
1552:Spain
1497:Italy
1404:Yemen
1364:Syria
1339:Qatar
1319:Nepal
1264:Japan
1239:India
1229:China
1168:Sudan
1091:Libya
1086:Kenya
1066:Ghana
1056:Gabon
1036:Egypt
1021:Benin
880:Xueta
825:Lemba
444:First
309:Zohar
213:Torah
195:Texts
182:Rabbi
172:Rites
72:names
3866:anno
3619:lamb
3566:Amor
3546:Amor
3350:OCLC
3094:and
3046:and
2829:and
2796:and
2772:(b.
2462:and
2450:and
2426:and
1735:Guam
1730:Fiji
1685:Peru
1638:Cuba
1324:Oman
1294:Laos
1254:Iraq
1249:Iran
1206:Asia
1135:Igbo
1106:Mali
125:Brit
34:and
32:Jews
3604:et
2873:'s
2827:Ṣav
2736:’s
2656:viz
2591:’s
2579:of
2569:of
2498:in
2454:in
2438:in
1949:Art
295:Tur
87:613
4015::
3936:,
3615:ה'
3411:,
3155:).
3038:.
2978:,
2953:.
2899:,
2891:,
2502:,
2490:,
2486:,
2482:,
2478:,
2474:,
2458:,
2442:,
2434:,
2398::
2377:,
2373::
562:,
556:,
526:,
522:,
518:,
514:,
26:on
3639:ה
3635:ש
3631:ב
3627:כ
3623:ה
3356:.
2536:(
2394:(
2369:(
2355:e
2348:t
2341:v
1189:)
1185:(
1137:)
1133:(
606:)
602:(
568:)
551:(
544:)
539:(
530:)
510:(
453:)
442:(
432:)
421:(
89:)
74:)
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