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obligatory, and the means through which it is to be realized, namely repentance and faith, are likewise obligatory. Man owes God his love and trust by the very fact that he is God's rational creature. Adam had the ability to love and trust God before the Fall. Man is still responsible to love and trust God even though, because of the Fall and while in an unregenerate state, he has lost the moral ability to do so. Therefore, contrary to hyper-Calvinism, fallen man is indeed duty-bound to repent and believe in Christ for salvation.
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918:"Therefore, that for ministers in the present day to address unconverted persons, or indiscriminately all in a mixed congregation, calling upon them to savingly repent, believe, and receive Christ, or perform any other acts dependent upon the new creative power of the Holy Ghost, is, on the one hand, to imply creature power, and on the other, to deny the doctrine of special redemption."
912:"We deny duty faith and duty repentance — these terms suggesting that it is every man's duty spiritually and savingly to repent and believe. We deny also that there is any capability in man by nature to any spiritual good whatever. So that we reject the doctrine that man in a state of nature should be exhorted to believe in or turn to God."
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not release a man from duty (with which most
Calvinists would agree). Yet, somehow he sees salvation in a different category; for "with respect to special faith in Christ, it seems to me," says Brine, "that the powers of man in his perfected state were not fitted and disposed to that act." John Brine,
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Accordingly, saving faith lay not within the powers of man in his unfallen state, because there was no necessity for it. Since, therefore, it was not part of his powers in his unfallen state, it could not now be required of him in his fallen state. On this basis, duty-faith and duty-repentance are
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Wayman contends that saving faith was not in the power of man at his best before the fall and therefore makes the following deduction, "What Adam had, we all had in him; and what Adam lost, we all lost in him, and are debtors to God on both accounts; but Adam had not the faith of God's elect before
934:
John Brine gives some insight into Wayman's statement. Brine taught that every duty incumbent on Adam in his unfallen state he also had the ability to perform, and this duty extends to all men in their fallen state regardless of their lack of ability. Brine maintained that a lack of ability does
857:
The prefix "hyper" may be used generically to refer to anything that is considered "extreme" or which goes beyond the accepted norm. There is therefore a sense in which one may refer to
Calvinistic views regarded as going beyond normal Calvinism as "hyper." This non-technical use, usually as a
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This theological position was labeled Hyper-Calvinism in the mid 1700s as the issue was argued and debated among
English Baptists and others. It should be noted that, although Hyper-Calvinism became fairly widespread among the English Particular Baptists of that day, not all Particular Baptists
951:
Historic
Calvinists regard repentance and faith as the means by which the great commandment to love God and love our neighbor finds fulfillment. This duty to love God and neighbor existed before the fall and Adam certainly enjoyed the ability to do so. Man's love of God is therefore still
858:
pejorative term, has been applied to a variety of theological positions which fall outside mainstream
Calvinism. Usually, Hyper Calvinism refers to a doctrine in which the concepts of Calvinism are carried out to logical extremes to the point of being biblically unsound:
841:
by (1) denying that the call of the gospel to repent and believe is universal, i.e. for all alike, and (2) denying that the unregenerate (natural) man has a duty to repent and believe in Christ for salvation.
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While this doctrine has always been a minority view, it has not been relegated to the past and may still be found in some small denominations and church communities today.
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The archetypal Hyper-Calvinist position may be found explicitly set forth in the confessional articles of the Gospel
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the fall, and did not lose it for his posterity; therefore they are not debtors to God for it while in unregeneracy." Lewis Wayman,
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By His Grace and for His Glory: A Historical, Theological, and
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that previous doctrines set forth are more important than general scriptual themes
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Articles of Faith of the Gospel
Standard Aid and Poor Relief Societies
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that the number of the elect at any time may be known by men
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to this revision, which may differ significantly from the
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Historic
Calvinist position as opposed to Hyper-Calvinism
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in Geneva, featuring prominent Reformed theologians
985:(Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1986). ISBN 0801067421
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846:agreed with the extremes of Wayman and Brine.
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802:. It can be seen in the teachings of men like
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719:International Conference of Reformed Churches
976:Hyper-Calvinism & the Call of the Gospel
883:that God does not command everyone to repent
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280:Confessions
184:Reformation
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