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source. Instead, it was reported at the time that Boris was "known in
Andorra, where he was considered a disturbed person." He is alleged to have never set foot in Andorra during his supposed reign, his one attempt to enter the country being frustrated singlehandedly by the Spanish chief of vigilance at Urgell. Boris was accompanied by his young partner, the
734:
Skossyreff proposed to make
Andorra one of the most important business centers in the world, where banks, financial entities and international companies would not waste time installing their social domicile there, taking advantage of the tax regime. He asked for a reward in return for his gift to the
810:
explained that during his stay at Modelo de Madrid, Boris and his collaborators continued to interpret the papers they had signed. Thus, they received several telegrams in their name, in which they guaranteed that "all documents were safe" and that they would receive a postal order of 200 pesetas.
705:
Skossyreff released an innovative constitution for
Andorra that would have substantially modified the traditional Andorran political system. The Co-principality would have freedoms, modernisation, foreign investments and the recognition of a tax haven; one which was argued would bring Andorra into
881:
In
October 1942, he was released by the occupying Germans. With the victory of the allies, Skossyreff was first arrested by the Americans, and after a brief period of freedom he was again arrested on December 4, 1946 by the French who occupied Berlin. He remained in the Coblence-Metternich prison
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to proclaim him Prince of
Andorra. According to later legends, Boris's proposal was almost entirely supported by the Chamber; with only one adviser against the remaining twenty-three who formed the council, the monarchy was instituted. This, however, is entirely unsupported by any contemporary
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763:) as his Lord Lieutenant, but not at his delegated representatives When we have taken possession of the country I will offer it to the Duke. My army is composed of 500 volunteers . They have pledged themselves to free Andorra from French control and hand it to us.
885:
He took up residence in
Boppard (West Germany), however he went to an area controlled by the Soviets, leading to his arrest and sentencing to 25 years of forced labor in a Siberian camp. He was released in 1956, returned to Boppard and died there in 1989.
843:- to have him diplomatically intercede for him; one which seems to have occurred. After 3 months in prison in Aix-en-Provence, the French authorities allowed him to return to Portugal, where he was again arrested for not having a residence permit.
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and
Majorca. That account also contended that Skossyreff had made his proclamation on July 11 and that he had declared himself "Boris I, Prince of the Valleys of Andorra, Count of Orange and Baron of Skossyreff… Sovereign of Andorra and
415:, in the early 1930s, Skossyreff worked on gaining power. Through extensive conversations with local politicians, in May, 1934, Skossyreff presented the Government of Andorra a document in which he justified his intentions of rule.
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by train, accompanied by two agents. His arrival in the
Spanish capital coincided with Spanish journalists, who tried to interview him. He was sent to the Modelo prison in Madrid, while acting as a monarch in exile. Historian
584:. The Archives of the Dutch Government establish that Skossyreff did not serve the Royal Household, nor was rewarded with a title, instead being found in a list of Prominent Foreign Revolutionaries in 1924, prepared by the
1847:
418:
Through falsely portraying himself as a member of the
European aristocracy, Skossyreff proposed freedoms, modernisation, foreign investments and the recognition of a tax haven to Andorra through his self-published
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927:) was written in 1984 by Catalan author Antoni Morell i Mora. The author dedicated the book to his grandmother, who he claimed had personally met Skossyreff. It was later adapted for the stage by Beth Escuda.
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660:(just 5 km from Andorra) in the Hotel Mundial, where he began behaving like an authentic monarch; one which led to many interviews, some of them telephone calls, including those given to the newspapers
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In
February 1939, Skossyreff was in a French prison camp with Spanish anti-Francoists, alongside Italian and Central European anti-fascists from the regions occupied by the Third Reich before World War II.
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631:(former name of the Government of Andorra) a document laden with his suggestions, in which he justified his intentions of rule. His attempt was ridiculed by Council members, who were quoted as responding:
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who wrote an article in 1935 about the "king of Andorra". It was at this stage that Skossyreff finally obtained a passport and left Olhão for Genoa, where he was denied disembarkation, only to proceed to
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691:. His argument was based on the fact that the French heads of state continued to have the rights and functions of co-princes from Andorra, and as the Duke claimed to be the 'rightful'
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has a number of articles about Boris Skossyreff - both the takeover and the 1919 incident mentioned above (6 January 1919 p 4, 13 January p 2, 18 January p 5, and 20 January p 5).
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624:. During this visit, Skossyreff was believed to have begun planning his 'coup', having had extensive conversations with peasants, artisans and politicians across Andorra.
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the modern age. Skossyreff printed ten thousand copies of his Constitution, addressed to Spanish and French celebrities. One of them, which ended up at the hands of the
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During his 'exile', Skossyreff granted visits, made official receptions and organised numerous events, such as a mass for the late Catalan president
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In June 1936 he returned to Spain, coinciding with the start of the Spanish Civil War. He went on to France in 1936, where he was arrested again in
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Prior to his arrival in Andorra, little is known about Skossyreff. When the Russian revolution of 1917 broke out, Skossyreff was able to seek
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548:. He was noted by his superiors in his post-action report for his gift for languages, which gave him an ability to connect with foreigners.
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elaborated that his supposed title was Monsieur le Baron Boris de Skossyreff - a possible title, but likely false due to the rarity of
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1920: 201745/201745/38 A request for assistance by Irene Skossyreff regarding the processing of her reparation from Russia to England
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reserves the right to raise complaints to the competent Authority so that it applies the sanctions that will be deserved. recurrent".
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Skossyreff's educational background is quite ambiguous. In press interviews, Skossyreff spoke about a childhood friendship with the
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Through his attempts to gain power, Skossyreff came into contact with several legitimate royal groups in the south of France. In
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1983:
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Secrets of the Seven Smallest States of Europe: Andorra, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, San Marino, and Vatican City
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Secrets of the Seven Smallest States of Europe: Andorra, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, San Marino, and Vatican City
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Secrets of the Seven Smallest States of Europe: Andorra, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, San Marino, and Vatican City
1945:
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Secrets of the Seven Smallest States of Europe: Andorra, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, San Marino, and Vatican City
1005:
Secrets of the Seven Smallest States of Europe: Andorra, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, San Marino, and Vatican City
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Thomas Eccardt. Secrets of the Seven Smallest States of Europe. Hippocrene Books, Inc. 171 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016.
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1935 Skossyreff, Baron de, alias Boris Count of Orange alias Rollo, Capt: Portuguese enquiry respecting L1821/1821/405 (file)
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2010:
392:, in which he was noted as an international swindler. Despite this, Skossyreff falsely claimed to have been working in the
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Boris objected to being taken to Madrid by third class train ticket (24 July 1934). "Boris I arrived in Madrid".
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714:, caused uproar among his close circle, where he reaffirmed that the only co-princes of Andorra were he and the
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Regional Surveys of the World, Western Europe 2003, Fifth Edition 2003, Editors Juliet Love i Jilian O'Brien
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Luis Capdevila. Nouvelle Découverte de l'Andorre. Nouvelles Editions Latines. Paris 1959, p. 180 i següents
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Spanish authorities noted that Skossyreff carried a Dutch passport, but declared himself to be a Russian
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until December 17, and was harshly treated by the gendarmes because of his collaboration with the Nazis.
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In France, the police seized his passport on January 7, 1936. Skossyreff was later said to have called
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in the mid 1920s, where he was in a list of Prominent Foreign Revolutionaries in 1924, prepared by the
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Conversación de los periodistas con Boris I de Andorra (Journalist interview with Boris I of Andorra)
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On the 17th of May, 1934, Skossyreff presented the former court prosecutor and other advisers to the
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1918: Skossyref, Boris de, Baron Services rendered to Allied Embassies in Russia. N9531/9531/38
2087:, Cádiz, July 19, 1934: "...se le conoce en Andorra, donde se le considera como un perturbado."
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The pretended reign of 'King Boris' was only to last for a few days. Boris declared war on the
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1921 N3890/N4051/1226/38 Skossyreff-Cheshire, FC, Mrs Reparation Expenses of KL 10256/3764/295
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3209:
1638:
902:, which claimed on July 25, 1934, that Skossyreff was a Jew who resided for some years in
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3194:
2012:
All the Countries the Americans Have Ever Invaded: Making Friends and Influencing People?
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In 1932, Skossyreff registered "Boris de Skossyreff: import - export, representation" in
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1934 Skossyreff, Baron, Pretender to the Throne of Andorra, Activities C5139/5139/17
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1919: W38 31867 Regarding the behaviour of Major Hoshimoto in regards to Skossyreff.
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p2 (13 January 1919). "Russian Officer's Story. Relatives murdered by Bolshevists".
699:
455:. He was likely from a family of lower nobility, corresponding to his serving as an
2943:
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p4 (20 January 1919). "Bolshevists in London. Secret Conference at Memorial Hall".
898:. However, this background is somewhat contradicted by a report in the publication
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with the title of "Count of Orange" – a title normally reserved for members of the
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365:
333:
322:
118:
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184:
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p5 (20 January 1919). "Mysterious Russian's Cheques. Satisfactory explanations".
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There was never an explanation on which documents or what happened to the money.
467:
393:
2426:
p11 (26 July 1934). "Andorran Pretender in Prison. Disowned by his 'Subjects'".
3144:
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p11 (23 July 1934). "Andorran Pretender taken to Madrid. 'A militant Prince'".
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756:
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440:
226:
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L 16191/16191/238 (file) Docs on release of son, Vadim Skossyreff, from Russia
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p5 (18 January 1919). "Reticent Russian Officer. A Mysterious Woman Friend".
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600:. During this period, Skossyreff learned Spanish, which he later utilised in
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526:
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1546:"Блоги / Diletant.media: Борис I: правитель Андорры из Российской империи"
478:. While these claims allowed Skossyreff to build up his persona, both the
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p13 (23 November 1934). "'Prince Boris of Andorra'. Arrest in Portugal".
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597:
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522:
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Armoured Service, which was sent to Russia to fight against the Germans.
507:
460:
385:
377:
2195:
p14 (13 July 1934). "A Pretender in Andorra. 'War' declared on Bishop".
1608:
p11 (3 March 1934). "No King for Andorra. Offer from Chicago Declined".
3171:
2809:
150:
2291:
p12 (21 July 1934). "Andorran Pretender arrested. Ten days' 'reign'".
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1764:"Borís Skossyreff: el aventurero ruso que se proclamó Rey de Andorra"
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Borís Skossyreff: el aventurero ruso que se proclamó Rey de Andorra
3097:
Boris von Skossyreff: rey de los andorranos, agente de los alemanes
2999:
404:
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in distress with a plea to contact the then Portuguese dictator -
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where he finally disembarked to be reunited with his French wife.
820:
3023:
1932 Boris Skossyreff Activities: nationality L 4227/4227/ (file)
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documents show that he left the service in 1925 and moved to the
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369:
242:
192:
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536:, and partaken in several classified missions which took him to
802:
452:
1297:
Index to the Correspondence of the Foreign Office for the Year
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1321:
541:
448:
432:
360:
to a family of lower nobility. Following the outbreak of the
218:
3026:
1933 Boris de Skossyreff Activities abroad K 13929/1329/241
865:. In 1938, the French authorities allowed him to return to
679:, he managed to have his plans reach the representative of
2366:
p4 (23 July 1934). "Spain Will Expel 'Boris of Andorra'".
1107:"PressReader.com - Your favorite newspapers and magazines"
853:
File:Borís Skósyrev vistiendo uniforme de la Wehrmacht.jpg
68:
66:
to this revision, which may differ significantly from the
633:"he should not meddle in political affairs in the Valleys
588:, in which he was listed as an 'international swindler'.
3195:
Collection of articles in Catalan, Spanish, and English
2692:
p13 (18 May 1936). "'Prince of Andorra' under arrest".
794:
to apprehend Boris. The next day he was transferred to
1669:"Boris 1e, le mystérieux roi d'Andorre venu de Russie"
1178:
p4 (6 January 1919). "Russian Interpreter's Cheques".
525:, Skossyreff was mentioned in multiple newspapers for
2907:"Boris Mikhailovich Skossyreff (1896-1989) - Find..."
975:"Boris Mikhailovich Skossyreff (1896-1989) - Find..."
316:
3134:
1982:
Baldacchinoel, Godfrey; Wivel, Anders (2020-03-28).
142:
Russian adventurer and self-declared King of Andorra
2719:
2717:
1392:"10 Regular People Who Declared Themselves Royalty"
2009:Kelly, Christopher; Laycock, Stuart (2015-10-15).
1981:
1046:"The Russian King of Andorra: Fantasies and Facts"
873:Imprisonment, Nazi collaboration and forced labour
852:
755:"We gave conquered the country in the name of the
656:Skossyreff saw himself as 'exiled' and settled in
636:; and that, in the event of a repeat offence, this
3180:olhao.web.pt, with a photograph of his tombstone.
1101:
1099:
850:
801:On the 23rd of July, 1934, he was transferred to
616:, Skossyreff took up residence in the village of
259:Marie Louise Parat de Gassier (March 21, 1931 - )
3201:
3000:Files located in the National Archives (Britain)
2714:
786:, who asked the Spanish authorities to act. The
502:, where he enlisted for around two years in the
470:. Also stating that he attended the prestigious
2224:p3 (21 July 1934). "Boris the First arrested".
572:, where he later claimed to have worked in the
1643:El Coprincipat d'Andorra ara fa molt de temps.
1096:
846:
1867:
1791:
1723:
889:
2326:(in Portuguese). Clube de Autores (managed).
2008:
747:Florence Marmon, who was the former wife of
431:Skossyreff was born on January 12, 1896, in
337:; 12 January 1896 - 27 February 1989) was a
2887:) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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2164:"Hard times fall in the valleys of Andorra"
1871:Jeux Floraux des Pyrénées - Anthologie 2020
1795:Jeux Floraux des PyrŽnŽes - Anthologie 2018
1762:Hoy, Rusia; Pedrosa, Ramón (May 21, 2013).
1727:Jeux Floraux des PyrŽnŽes - Anthologie 2018
1622:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1371:) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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1040:
1038:
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345:who attempted to seize the monarchy of the
334:[boˌɾis.mikˌaj.lo.vit͡ʃsˈko.si.ɾef]
3046:reported interviews with Boris Skossyreff
2891:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2883:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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2102:. British Broadcasting Corporation. 1934.
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1543:
1455:. British Broadcasting Corporation. 1934.
1422:"Boris Skossyreff and monarchical Andorra"
1375:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1367:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
551:
183:
76:Revision as of 11:38, 22 December 2020 by
2927:
2784:L'Intermédiaire des chercheurs et curieux
2753:p13 (9 June 1936). "Telegrams in Brief".
2596:p13 (28 November 1934). "News in Brief".
2161:
1140:(1st ed.). Ediciones Destino. 2007.
586:General Intelligence and Security Service
390:General Intelligence and Security Service
1985:Handbook on the Politics of Small States
1943:
1696:
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790:sent three constables and a sergeant to
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349:during the early 1930s, styling himself
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380:. This was followed by his work in the
341:adventurer, international swindler and
75:
14:
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3011:Skossyreff's Welfare file K562/562/236
2960:
2838:Leonardo, Ana Cristina, 1959- (2018).
2123:
1703:(in Italian). Soldiershop Publishing.
1636:
1516:"Борис I: правитель Андорры из Вильно"
1419:
1322:Leonardo, Ana Cristina, 1959- (2018).
1294:Office, Great Britain Foreign (1969).
1293:
798:, where he was placed before a judge.
97:
52:
3240:Imperial Russian emigrants to Andorra
3116:, Editorial Berenice, Córdobam 2018,
2456:"1933: la República que quasi va ser"
1829:
1389:
532:He was alleged to have served in the
332:
214:Borís Mikhàilovitx Skóssirev-Mavrusov
44:
25:
2319:
1874:(in French). BoD - Books on Demand.
1833:Political Handbook of the World 1997
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730:Andorra Kingdom's flag under Boris I
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17:
3225:Imperial Russian emigrants to Spain
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2425:
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1868:d'auteurs, Collectif (2020-05-11).
1792:d'auteurs, collectif (2018-05-17).
1724:d'auteurs, collectif (2018-05-17).
1607:
857:Borís Skósyrev in Wehrmacht uniform
489:
486:confirm that he was not a student.
139:
108:
3245:White Russian emigrants to Andorra
2564:(in Spanish). Editorial Almuzara.
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1576:(in Spanish). Editorial Almuzara.
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394:Royal household of the Netherlands
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1697:Affinati, Riccardo (2015-11-27).
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814:
689:pretender to the throne of France
62:. The present address (URL) is a
3235:White Russian emigrants to Spain
3137:
1830:Banks, William C. (1997-05-05).
1667:Fontaine, Nicolas (2020-02-07).
716:President of the French Republic
708:Roman Catholic Diocese of Urgell
576:, and to have been rewarded by
193:Pretender to the Andorran throne
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2460:BonDia Diari digital d'Andorra.
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2015:. Amberley Publishing Limited.
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1144:from the original on 2020-12-20
1117:from the original on 2020-12-20
1056:from the original on 2020-12-20
1022:from the original on 2020-12-20
984:from the original on 2020-12-20
956:from the original on 2020-08-03
529:and swindling of a gold watch.
3099:, Círculo Rojo, Almería, 2018
2162:Tagliabue, John (2008-03-24).
1171:
1128:
1067:
995:
967:
937:
695:, he had rights over Andorra.
364:, Skossyreff was able to seek
13:
1:
1522:(in Lithuanian). 2018-07-09.
930:
578:Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
426:
300:Boris Mikhailovich Skossyreff
273:Boris Mikhailovich Skossyreff
223:Lithuania-Vilnius Governorate
147:Eastern Slavic naming customs
2986:Official website of the play
2948:10.1080/14753825012331364384
2124:Ginart, Belen (2006-12-07).
777:
652:Skossyreff wearing a monocle
327:Borís Mikhàilovitx Skóssirev
310:Бори́с Миха́йлович Ско́сырев
7:
3185:information on former files
2936:Bulletin of Spanish Studies
2654:Eccardt, Thomas M. (2005).
2253:Eccardt, Thomas M. (2005).
2047:Eccardt, Thomas M. (2005).
1988:. Edward Elgar Publishing.
1906:Eccardt, Thomas M. (2005).
1002:Eccardt, Thomas M. (2005).
847:Imprisonment and later life
823:, Portugal, Skossyreff met
560:Skossyreff's Dutch Passport
403:, a co-Principality in the
372:, where he enlisted in the
318:Boris Mikhailovich Skosyrev
317:
202:10 July 1934 – 23 July 1934
24:of this page, as edited by
10:
3271:
2507:(in European Portuguese).
2484:"The Andorran Pretender".
1637:Marsenyach, Albert Daina.
1164:"The Andorran Pretender,"
890:Repercussions of his reign
735:Andorran people - for the
514:that he had served in the
145:In this name that follows
144:
95:
50:
2499:barlavento (2008-05-26).
1390:Baker, Tom (2015-06-11).
914:
837:Francisco Fernandes Lopes
825:Francisco Fernandes Lopes
712:Justí Guitart i Vilardebó
309:
289:
281:
272:
267:
263:
255:
232:
210:
206:
198:
191:
182:
175:
170:
102:Renamed section as per GA
57:Renamed section as per GA
3172:Boris I. King of Andorra
2994:
2415:(in Spanish). July 1934.
1944:Augustin, Byron (2009).
1477:Augustin, Byron (2009).
1328:(1st ed.). Lisboa.
925:Boris I, King of Andorra
643:
484:Magdalen College, Oxford
476:Magdalen College, Oxford
2961:Morell, Antoni (1984).
2934:"'Spain week by week".
1798:(in French). Lulu.com.
1770:(in European Spanish).
1730:(in French). Lulu.com.
1645:(in European Spanish).
1639:"Boris I Rei d'Andorra"
1137:Boris I, Rey De Andorra
749:Howard Carpenter Marmon
552:Supposed Dutch nobility
516:Royal Naval Air Service
362:1917 Russian Revolution
356:Skossyreff was born in
347:Principality of Andorra
45:11:38, 22 December 2020
3042:Barcelona's newspaper
2963:Borís I, Rei D'andorra
1950:. Marshall Cavendish.
1483:. Marshall Cavendish.
950:www.historyfiles.co.uk
921:Boris I, Rei d'Andorra
858:
775:
768:"Boris I" speaking to
731:
653:
629:Council of the Valleys
618:Santa Coloma d'Andorra
612:On his first visit to
561:
534:British Foreign Office
474:in Paris, followed by
399:Through his visits to
382:British Foreign Office
326:
3189:The National Archives
3095:Gerhard Lang-Valchs,
2942:(44): 209–216. 1934.
1420:Miguel (2015-06-04).
909:Defender of the Faith
856:
753:
729:
681:Prince Jean d'Orleáns
651:
608:First stay in Andorra
598:Santa Marta, Colombia
574:Dutch Royal Household
559:
443:. His later acquired
3220:Andorran politicians
2660:. Hippocrene Books.
2320:Nogueira, Adeilson.
2259:. Hippocrene Books.
2053:. Hippocrene Books.
1912:. Hippocrene Books.
1008:. Hippocrene Books.
722:Andorran proposition
480:Lycée Louis-le-Grand
472:Lycée Louis-le-Grand
3215:People from Vilnius
2814:www.andorrasite.com
2787:(in French). 2002.
2729:www.olhaocubista.pt
1111:www.pressreader.com
788:Spanish Civil Guard
622:Sant Julià de Lòria
439:, then part of the
413:President of France
177:"Borís I d'Andorra"
115:← Previous revision
98:→"Reign"
53:→"Reign"
3230:History of Andorra
3191:and other sources.
2910:www.findagrave.com
2725:"Boris Skossyreff"
2488:. 7 November 1934.
2397:The New York Times
2368:The New York Times
2226:The New York Times
2168:The New York Times
978:www.findagrave.com
946:"Boris Skossyreff"
900:Spain Week by Week
859:
732:
654:
562:
407:co-princed by the
384:. He moved to the
351:Boris I of Andorra
293:Elisabeth Mawrusow
285:Micheal Skossyreff
3114:El rey de Andorra
2851:978-989-722-515-4
2841:O centro do mundo
2667:978-0-7818-1032-6
2571:978-84-17558-35-2
2561:El Rey de Andorra
2323:Moedas De Andorra
2266:978-0-7818-1032-6
2060:978-0-7818-1032-6
2022:978-1-4456-5177-4
1995:978-1-78811-293-2
1957:978-0-7614-3122-0
1919:978-0-7818-1032-6
1881:979-10-90416-37-6
1843:978-0-933199-12-5
1805:979-10-90416-28-4
1737:979-10-90416-28-4
1710:978-88-99158-97-2
1673:Histoires Royales
1583:978-84-17558-35-2
1573:El Rey de Andorra
1490:978-0-7614-3122-0
1335:978-989-722-515-4
1325:O centro do mundo
1300:. Kraus-Thomson.
1015:978-0-7818-1032-6
919:A novel, titled
592:Other enterprises
315:
297:
296:
277:
276:
236:February 27, 1989
79:SerAntoniDeMiloni
28:SerAntoniDeMiloni
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1168:, July 19, 1934.
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941:
854:
841:Oliveira Salazar
784:Bishop of Urgell
773:
669:The Daily Herald
496:political asylum
490:Political asylum
409:Bishop of Urgell
366:political asylum
336:
331:
320:
314:romanized:
313:
311:
307:
265:
264:
251:
239:
216:January 12, 1896
187:
171:Boris Skossyreff
168:
167:
127:Newer revision →
105:
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92:
71:
69:current revision
61:
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42:
41:
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3177:(in Portuguese)
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2412:Mundo hispánico
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1700:Città fatali II
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1396:WhatCulture.com
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867:Aix-en-Provence
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792:La Seu d'Urgell
780:
774:
767:
737:General Council
724:
658:La Seu d'Urgell
646:
610:
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554:
506:for the end of
492:
468:Prince of Wales
429:
376:for the end of
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119:Latest revision
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3145:Andorra portal
3132:
3131:External links
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2965:. La Magrana.
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2085:La Información
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693:King of France
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3112:Miguel Izu,
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3037:Bibliography
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238:(1989-02-27)
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155:Mikhailovich
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22:old revision
19:
18:
3250:1989 deaths
3210:1896 births
3169:(in German)
3091:(in French)
1768:es.rbth.com
745:millionaire
570:Netherlands
523:World War I
508:World War I
461:World War I
386:Netherlands
378:World War I
159:family name
20:This is an
3255:Pretenders
3204:Categories
2920:2020-05-24
2870:2020-05-24
2860:1039007007
2824:2020-05-24
2795:2020-09-21
2739:2020-05-24
2678:2020-11-25
2640:2020-05-24
2582:2020-11-25
2515:2020-05-24
2505:Barlavento
2470:2020-05-24
2277:2020-11-25
2181:2020-05-26
2148:2020-05-27
2110:2020-09-21
2071:2020-11-25
2033:2020-11-25
1968:2020-11-25
1930:2020-11-25
1892:2020-11-25
1854:2020-09-21
1816:2020-11-25
1778:2020-05-24
1748:2020-11-25
1683:2020-05-24
1653:2020-05-24
1594:2020-11-25
1556:2020-05-24
1550:Эхо Москвы
1530:2020-05-24
1501:2020-11-25
1463:2020-09-21
1436:2020-05-24
1406:2020-05-24
1354:2020-05-24
1344:1039007007
1308:2020-11-25
1148:2020-05-24
1121:2020-05-24
1060:2020-05-24
1026:2020-11-25
988:2020-05-24
960:2020-05-24
931:References
521:Following
510:. He told
427:Early life
330:pronounced
250:(possibly)
163:Skossyreff
151:patronymic
3057:The Times
2879:cite book
2810:"Boris I"
2763:cite news
2755:The Times
2702:cite news
2694:The Times
2606:cite news
2598:The Times
2539:cite news
2531:The Times
2486:The Times
2436:cite news
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2176:0362-4331
2138:1134-6582
1618:cite news
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1363:cite book
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1238:The Times
1217:cite news
1209:The Times
1188:cite news
1180:The Times
1166:The Times
1084:cite news
1076:The Times
904:Catalonia
830:Marseille
796:Barcelona
778:Detention
770:The Times
677:Perpignan
663:The Times
512:The Times
437:Lithuania
358:Lithuania
343:Pretender
308:Russian:
305:‹See Tfd›
2914:Archived
2864:Archived
2818:Archived
2789:Archived
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982:Archived
954:Archived
766:—
742:American
544:and the
405:Pyrenees
89:contribs
38:contribs
2130:El País
1947:Andorra
1480:Andorra
620:, near
614:Andorra
602:Andorra
538:Siberia
500:England
457:Officer
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803:Madrid
687:, and
453:Russia
449:Barons
290:Mother
282:Father
256:Spouse
199:Tenure
149:, the
3164:rg.ru
2995:Notes
2630:Issuu
1050:Issuu
821:Olhão
759:(the
644:Exile
542:Japan
433:Vilna
268:Names
219:Vilna
3118:ISBN
3101:ISBN
3075:ISBN
2967:ISBN
2893:link
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233:Died
211:Born
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