107:
775:
20:
460:
These soldiers took the villages of Mérindol and Cabrières and also devastated neighbouring
Waldensian villages. Historians have estimated that the soldiers killed hundreds to thousands of people. They captured survivors and sent hundreds of men to
226:
79:
started to penetrate their region, the
Waldensians' activities came under scrutiny by the French government. The Waldensians became more militant, constructing fortified areas, as in
272:
135:
406:
290:
398:
410:
230:
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484:
tried the leaders of the attacks, but eventually acquitted all but one. The massacres probably influenced the
Waldensians to become more attached to the
311:
280:
276:
128:
687:
165:
774:
465:. In total, they destroyed between 22 and 28 villages. The execution of one young man, a servant, might well have been the first example of
94:
after a series of appeals eventually failed. In April, Maynier raised an army of Provençal troops, who were joined by forces from the papal
121:
1198:
1107:
1124:
160:
1208:
454:
1233:
1154:
252:
71:
of Italy, the
Waldensians joined the local Protestant churches in Bohemia, France and Germany. They had regrouped in the
1101:
949:
680:
653:
625:
587:
557:
529:
1223:
825:
322:
1046:
210:
382:
344:
106:
1228:
1218:
1213:
1058:
673:
192:
924:
340:
426:
1238:
1203:
434:
390:
181:
521:
466:
457:. While in Marseilles in 1545, he was requested to assist Jean Maynier d'Oppède in the repression.
80:
939:
214:
196:
244:
1193:
364:
297:
218:
145:
414:
402:
56:
577:
336:
315:
169:
514:
1091:
982:
729:
378:
368:
356:
240:
222:
480:
took the French throne, however, he promised to investigate the affair. The
Parliament of
59:. Provençal and papal soldiers killed hundreds or even thousands of Waldensian villagers.
8:
960:
929:
696:
91:
44:
1063:
840:
477:
19:
1096:
1041:
934:
835:
815:
809:
739:
724:
649:
621:
583:
553:
525:
476:
approved of the actions taken; the Pope rewarded
Maynier with Imperial honours. When
394:
348:
303:
262:
248:
1031:
328:
307:
206:
95:
90:
issued the "Arrêt de Mérindol" on 18 November 1541. This was confirmed in 1545 by
1002:
944:
360:
352:
177:
173:
1081:
966:
918:
878:
802:
516:
Medieval Heresy: Popular
Movements from the Gregorian Reform to the Reformation
450:
332:
1187:
1169:
1156:
1086:
954:
884:
830:
1036:
760:
462:
438:
32:
113:
872:
861:
820:
48:
24:
110:
Mérindol plaque "In memory of the
Waldensians who died for their faith".
52:
28:
856:
665:
997:
992:
734:
485:
445:. Escalin was on his way to fight against the English in the area of
76:
1010:
987:
866:
796:
718:
473:
446:
430:
87:
68:
912:
755:
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and followed their religions in a carefully concealed manner. As
72:
571:
569:
481:
566:
16:
1545 massacre of
Protestants ordered by Francis I of France
1141:
indicate their inclusion to be controversial or disputed.
550:
Les
Vaudois: Histoire d'une dissidence XIIe - XVIe siecle
98:against the Waldensians of Mérindol and Cabrières.
513:
1185:
639:
637:
681:
507:
505:
503:
501:
129:
634:
582:. Cambridge University Press. p. 405.
143:
1108:Triumph of the Cross (Girolamo Savonarola)
688:
674:
498:
136:
122:
1125:Comparison of Catharism and Protestantism
543:
541:
648:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 154.
620:. Harvard University Press. p. 99.
105:
18:
695:
643:
547:
511:
455:French Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire
425:The leaders in the 1545 massacres were
1186:
615:
575:
538:
429:, First President of the parlement of
905:
669:
117:
62:
463:forced labour in the French galleys
449:after returning from an embassy to
13:
1102:Twelve Conclusions of the Lollards
469:in Europe for causes of ideology.
14:
1250:
1199:History of Christianity in France
773:
323:Succession of Henry IV of France
101:
646:The Reformation of the Heretics
1209:Persecution of the Waldensians
618:Judging the French Reformation
609:
596:
552:. Turin: Fayard. p. 270.
375:Franco-Spanish War (1595–1598)
1:
1234:Massacres committed by France
520:. Oxford: Blackwell. p.
437:, who was returning from the
512:Lambert, Malcolm D. (2002).
7:
10:
1255:
435:Antoine Escalin des Aimars
83:, or attacking an abbey.
1133:
1117:
1074:
1024:
975:
950:Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples
898:
849:
789:
782:
771:
748:
710:
703:
602:Audisio, Gabriel (1998).
548:Audisio, Gabriel (1998).
467:execution by firing squad
441:with 2,000 veterans, the
166:Conflict in the provinces
155:
43:took place in 1545, when
1059:Savoyard–Waldensian wars
940:Johann Ruchrat von Wesel
616:Monter, William (1999).
491:
1224:French Wars of Religion
472:In the aftermath, Pope
298:War of the Three Henrys
147:French Wars of Religion
31:in 1545 as imagined by
644:Cameron, Euan (1984).
576:Knecht, R. J. (1984).
111:
36:
427:Jean Maynier d'Oppède
316:Day of the Barricades
109:
22:
1092:Jistebnice hymn book
983:Bohemian Reformation
925:Mikuláš of Pelhřimov
730:Gottschalk of Orbais
273:La Charité-sur-Loire
1229:Francis I of France
1219:History of Vaucluse
1214:Massacres in France
1166: /
1047:Peace of Kutná Hora
961:Girolamo Savonarola
697:Proto-Protestantism
227:Saint-Jean d'Angély
55:to be punished for
45:Francis I of France
1170:43.7567°N 5.2039°E
1064:Piedmontese Easter
841:Marsilius of Padua
383:Fontaine-Française
211:La Roche-l'Abeille
112:
51:of the village of
37:
1239:Massacres in 1545
1204:Conflicts in 1545
1149:
1148:
1097:Ecclesiae Regimen
1054:Mérindol massacre
1042:Compacts of Basel
1020:
1019:
935:Johannes von Goch
894:
893:
836:Matthias of Janov
826:Milíč of Kroměříž
816:Arnold of Brescia
810:Henry of Lausanne
769:
768:
740:Berengar of Tours
725:Claudius of Turin
443:Bandes de Piémont
422:
421:
237:Fourth; 1572–1573
189:Second; 1567–1568
86:The Parlement of
63:Arrêt de Mérindol
41:Mérindol massacre
1246:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1032:Oldcastle Revolt
976:Sects and groups
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850:Sects and groups
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749:Sects and groups
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707:
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259:Fifth; 1574–1576
203:Third; 1568–1570
161:First; 1562–1563
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96:Comtat Venaissin
23:Massacre of the
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1245:
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1175:43.7567; 5.2039
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945:Wessel Gansfort
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567:
560:
546:
539:
532:
510:
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453:, where he was
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341:Château-Laudran
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1194:1545 in France
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1082:Wycliffe Bible
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1003:Czech Brethren
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967:Luke of Prague
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930:Petr Chelčický
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879:Friends of God
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379:2nd Luxembourg
357:1st Luxembourg
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1087:Hussite Bible
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955:Lorenzo Valla
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885:Petrobrusians
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870:
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831:John Wycliffe
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655:0-19-822930-5
651:
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638:
629:
627:0-674-48860-1
623:
619:
612:
605:
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589:0-521-27887-2
585:
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580:
572:
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559:2-213-60143-7
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531:0-631-22276-6
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287:Seventh; 1580
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102:The massacres
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50:
46:
42:
34:
30:
26:
21:
1151:
1138:
1106:
1053:
1037:Hussite Wars
1009:
959:
917:
899:1400–1500 AD
883:
871:
808:
801:
783:1100–1400 AD
761:Berengarians
717:
645:
617:
611:
603:
598:
578:
549:
515:
471:
459:
442:
439:Italian Wars
424:
374:
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321:
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236:
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231:Arney-le-Duc
202:
201:
188:
187:
159:
85:
67:Outside the
66:
47:ordered the
40:
38:
35:(1832-1883).
33:Gustave Dore
1173: /
873:Strigolniki
862:Waldensians
821:Peter Waldo
704:400–1100 AD
604:Les Vaudois
369:Fort Crozon
325:(1589–1594)
300:(1585–1589)
269:Sixth; 1577
253:La Rochelle
193:Saint-Denis
49:Waldensians
25:Waldensians
1188:Categories
1158:43°45′24″N
1075:Literature
857:Arnoldists
488:churches.
391:Le Catelet
223:Moncontour
1161:5°12′14″E
998:Utraquism
993:Taborites
919:Jan Žižka
735:Ratramnus
606:, p. 271.
579:Francis I
486:Calvinist
245:Sommières
92:Francis I
81:Cabrières
77:Lutherans
1011:Piagnoni
988:Hussites
867:Lollardy
797:Tanchelm
719:Jovinian
478:Henry II
474:Paul III
447:Boulogne
431:Provence
395:Doullens
349:Caudebec
249:Sancerre
215:Poitiers
197:Chartres
88:Provence
69:Piedmont
53:Mérindol
29:Mérindol
1139:Italics
913:Jan Hus
756:Pataria
407:La Fère
399:Cambrai
365:Morlaix
304:Coutras
291:La Fère
281:Brouage
277:Issoire
263:Dormans
182:Orléans
73:Luberon
1025:Events
906:People
790:People
711:People
652:
624:
586:
556:
528:
433:, and
415:Amiens
411:Ardres
403:Calais
329:Arques
312:Auneau
308:Vimory
219:Orthez
207:Jarnac
57:heresy
1118:Other
492:Notes
482:Paris
361:Blaye
353:Craon
345:Rouen
337:Paris
178:Dreux
174:Vergt
170:Rouen
650:ISBN
622:ISBN
584:ISBN
554:ISBN
526:ISBN
333:Ivry
241:Mons
39:The
522:389
387:Ham
339:;
27:of
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