1156:
580:
Already in the
Achaemenian phase, the office of Satrap of Armenia became hereditary in the Iranian families of the Hydarnids and, then, the Orontids.... The fact that the Orontids were descended from the Achaemenid Great Kings, who were no more, and that they held sway over most of the territory of
245:
instead. A. G. Roos emended the text of
Dexippus to assign Carmania to Tlepolemus and Armenia to Neoptolemus. Pat Wheatley and Waldemar Heckel found this emendation to be unlikely to represent the original text, and considered it more likely that the fragment of the text of Dexippus includes a
278:
interpreted the sources as indicating that
Armenia was already in submission when Mithrenes was sent there from Babylon late in 331 BC, that Mithrenes took it over as satrap ruling on behalf of the new Macedonian regime, and that he was left as satrap in 323 BC when
317:
lists an ancestor whose name was incompletely preserved and who was a son of
Aroandas, the second ancestor of Antiochus mentioned in the inscriptions from Mount Nemrut who bore that name (identified with the Orontes who was a commander in the Battle of Gaugamela by
246:
scribal error, as "Neoptolemus" is an easy corruption of "Tlepolemus". Neoptolemus apparently campaigned in
Armenia after the death of Alexander, but his official status in this area is unclear; he might have been a
203:
Mithrenes disappears from the historical record after this appointment, and his ultimate fate is unknown. It's not clear whether he actually managed to take control of his satrapy. According to
1495:
2108:
1091:
529:
Armenia was annexed to
Alexander's empire but not really subdued. The governorship was given to Mithrenes (Mithrana), a Persian who had been the satrap of Sardis.
1550:
458:
As early as the year 334, the king had given clear evidence of his desire to win over the
Persian nobles: he allowed Mithrenes, who had just surrendered (...)
1170:
356:
211:
in 330 BC Alexander the Great listed
Armenia among lands conquered by Macedonians, implying that Mithrenes succeeded in conquering it; on the other hand,
3102:
2421:
283:
let some satrapies remain under the existing satraps; in 317 BC Mithrenes was no longer satrap but had been replaced by
Orontes. Hammond noted that
402:
Yet the
Persian Mithrenes had not been given a high-level post in the imperial administration; such posts were reserved for Greeks and Macedonians.
486:
Darius still had many noble Persians, satraps and strategists all ready to serve him. The first was that of Mithrenes, governor of Sardis (...)
252:
rather than a satrap. Neoptolemus managed only to create havoc in Armenia, which suggests that he wasn't cooperating with any existing satrap.
1888:
540:
Cyril Toumanoff (Georgetown University Press, 1963; Studies in Christian Caucasian History, part III. The Orontids of Armenia. ). p. 278-290"
564:
Orontes is as Iranian as the dynasty itself, derived from the Avestan auraund/aurvant ('mighty,' 'hero') and related to the Pehlevi arvand."
738:
2529:
3082:
2975:
2016:
808:. Translation and appendices by J.C. Yardley, commentary by Pat Wheatley and Waldemar Heckel. Oxford University Press. p. 116.
1199:
3107:
3097:
1327:
361:
1140:
1048:
950:
925:
865:
813:
623:
581:
the old Vannic Monarchy, when conjoined with their power and their de facto, autonomy, led them to assume the status of kings
506:
479:
451:
423:
395:
338:. Herman Brijder (2014) also interpreted the inscription as indicating that name of the son of Aroandas II ended with -
3092:
1881:
1678:
1115:
1073:
1666:
643:
841:
806:
Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus: Volume II: Books 13-15: The Successors to Alexander the Great
330:. However, Friedrich Karl Dörner and John H. Young (1996) interpreted the first preserved letter of the name as a
1810:
888:
773:
703:
574:
Toumanoff, Cyril (1959). "INTRODUCTION TO CHRISTIAN CAUCASIAN HISTORY (The Formative Centuries (IVth-VIIIth))".
267:. Edward Anson and Waldemar Heckel consider this satrap to be the same Orontes who fought for Darius III in the
1772:
1619:
1216:
314:
271:; the authors state that Mithrenes may have perished in an unsuccessful attempt to wrest Armenia from Orontes.
1352:
1165:
1133:
Nemrud Daği: recent archaeological research and conservation activities in the tomb sanctuary on Mount Nemrud
1041:
Nemrud Daği: recent archaeological research and conservation activities in the tomb sanctuary on Mount Nemrud
351:
2941:
1874:
1708:
1690:
1192:
326:
found this identification questionable). Ernst Honigmann emended the name of the son of Aroandas as άνην,
3063:
2603:
2246:
2118:
1757:
1696:
1672:
1639:
749:
176:, and was treated by him with great distinction. Mithrenes was present in the Macedonian camp after the
3059:
1828:
1777:
1762:
1752:
1720:
1660:
1417:
260:
168:, on the other hand, considers Mithrenes to be a Persian noble of unknown family background. After the
972:
295:; on the basis of this passage Hammond suggested that Mithrenes' rule may not have extended as far as
2633:
2589:
2519:
2283:
2158:
1958:
1833:
1742:
1208:
719:
682:
664:
648:
600:
3087:
2178:
1782:
1684:
1500:
1440:
1303:
1106:
F.K. Dörner; J.H. Young (1996). "Sculpture and inscription catalogue". In Donald H. Sanders (ed.).
220:
323:
3022:
2875:
2844:
2559:
2192:
1792:
1747:
1702:
1475:
1288:
1185:
3012:
2078:
1787:
1714:
1445:
1425:
1407:
1402:
1392:
1382:
216:
169:
757:
2623:
2371:
1952:
1540:
1505:
1490:
1362:
698:
638:
587:
234:
204:
2742:
2705:
2671:
2431:
2361:
2232:
1604:
1535:
1470:
1377:
242:
184:
and assure them that Darius was alive, before changing his mind and assigning the duty to
8:
2762:
2465:
2391:
1910:
1629:
1609:
1594:
1460:
1450:
1435:
268:
173:
1023:
306:, it seems Mithrenes not only returned to his ancestral seat but declared himself king.
2925:
2772:
2455:
2317:
1934:
1897:
1614:
1589:
1584:
1455:
1298:
1019:
1001:
730:
319:
212:
28:
2899:
2661:
2327:
2182:
2154:
2006:
1843:
1802:
1724:
1599:
1387:
1260:
1136:
1111:
1069:
1044:
946:
921:
861:
809:
619:
502:
475:
447:
419:
391:
230:
77:
904:
2681:
2441:
1851:
1767:
1574:
1510:
1336:
1322:
1275:
993:
693:
275:
238:
430:(...) Mithrenes, a Persian nobleman, was appointed satrap of Armenia by Alexander.
2854:
2752:
2746:
2695:
2569:
2481:
2475:
2351:
2212:
2102:
1962:
1944:
1820:
1227:
549:
197:
177:
165:
161:
157:
153:
113:
918:
Who's who in the age of Alexander the Great: prosopography of Alexander's empire
858:
Who's who in the age of Alexander the Great: prosopography of Alexander's empire
789:
616:
Who's who in the age of Alexander the Great: prosopography of Alexander's empire
520:
287:
described the satrapy of Armenia as small compared to the size of Armenia under
3006:
2800:
2495:
2054:
1972:
1520:
836:
331:
145:
137:
3076:
2838:
2828:
2553:
2543:
2451:
2206:
2186:
2172:
2132:
2092:
1357:
1160:
444:
History of Humanity: From the seventh century B.C. to the seventh century A.D
2913:
2150:
2088:
1920:
1372:
1313:
310:
208:
192:, and ironically he was fighting against an army that included his father
3036:
2921:
2909:
2726:
2689:
2395:
2345:
2136:
2060:
2030:
1992:
1982:
1560:
1465:
1397:
1332:
1318:
1308:
1240:
967:
82:
66:
1159: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
2965:
2685:
2613:
2341:
2263:
1986:
1545:
1530:
1293:
1283:
1265:
1255:
1235:
1005:
288:
193:
181:
124:
56:
43:
1866:
1064:
F.K. Dörner (1996). "Epigraphy analysis". In Donald H. Sanders (ed.).
3046:
3032:
3026:
2995:
2951:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2814:
2810:
2804:
2796:
2776:
2715:
2651:
2645:
2599:
2509:
2505:
2499:
2411:
2381:
2311:
2273:
2242:
2128:
2098:
2068:
2050:
1948:
1734:
1555:
1515:
1480:
1367:
1250:
292:
280:
264:
256:
248:
189:
185:
1177:
1131:
Herman Brijder (2014). "The West Terrace". In Herman Brijder (ed.).
1039:
Herman Brijder (2014). "The East Terrace". In Herman Brijder (ed.).
997:
259:
mention a man named Orontes, who was a Satrap of Armenia during the
2959:
2848:
2824:
2818:
2790:
2782:
2563:
2539:
2533:
2513:
2491:
2485:
2303:
2196:
2168:
2140:
2046:
2036:
1968:
1652:
1624:
1525:
1430:
831:
509:. page 92; "(...) by sending to them Mithrenes, who spoke Persian."
303:
302:
After the death of Neoptolemus, and during the struggles among the
296:
226:
3016:
2969:
2955:
2945:
2917:
2879:
2834:
2786:
2766:
2756:
2732:
2675:
2637:
2627:
2584:
2549:
2523:
2469:
2459:
2445:
2401:
2375:
2337:
2331:
2293:
2287:
2277:
2257:
2227:
2202:
2162:
2144:
2122:
2040:
2026:
2020:
2012:
1976:
1930:
1906:
1245:
108:
2935:
2719:
2617:
2607:
2385:
2267:
2250:
2112:
2072:
2064:
1485:
659:
365:
284:
149:
334:, so that the name of the son of Aroandas ended with -δανης, -
2985:
2979:
2903:
2858:
2736:
2709:
2699:
2665:
2655:
2641:
2573:
2415:
2405:
2365:
2355:
2321:
2307:
2297:
2216:
2082:
1996:
1938:
1924:
614:
Waldemar Heckel (2006). "Mithrenes (Mithrines, Mithrinnes)".
180:, and Alexander ordered him to visit the captured family of
2435:
2425:
223:, which mentioned that Alexander did not conquer Armenia.
1108:
Nemrud Daği: The Hierothesion of Antiochus I of Commagene
1066:
Nemrud Daği: The Hierothesion of Antiochus I of Commagene
388:
Alexander the Great and His Empire: A Short Introduction
856:
Waldemar Heckel (2006). "Neoptolemus , (Neoptolemos)".
1092:
Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft
148:
commander of the force that garrisoned the citadel of
1171:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
1105:
357:
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology
1068:. Vol. 1: Text. Eisenbrauns. pp. 365–366.
851:
849:
1018:
984:N. G. L. Hammond (1996). "Alexander and Armenia".
263:; Diodorus adds that this Orontes was a friend of
846:
3074:
983:
941:Edward Anson (2014). "The funeral games begin".
1110:. Vol. 1: Text. Eisenbrauns. p. 297.
1088:
915:
855:
613:
441:
1130:
1038:
786:Epitoma Historiarum Philippicarum Pompei Trogi
735:Epitoma Historiarum Philippicarum Pompei Trogi
474:. University of California Press. p. 17.
1882:
1193:
879:
877:
521:"ARMENIA AND IRAN ii. The pre-Islamic period"
472:Forgotten Empire: The World of Ancient Persia
470:Curtis, John E.; Tallis, Nigel, eds. (2005).
1095:. Vol. supplement IV. pp. 978–990.
943:Alexander's Heirs: The Age of the Successors
940:
469:
416:Alexander's Heirs: The Age of the Successors
1063:
827:
825:
390:. Princeton University Press. p. 113.
1889:
1875:
1200:
1186:
1028:. Walter de Gruyter & co. p. 141.
874:
799:
797:
687:
3103:Military leaders of the Achaemenid Empire
959:
778:
762:
724:
632:
573:
1168:, ed. (1870). "Mithrenes or Mithrines".
1025:Griechische geschichte. Volume 3, part 2
822:
708:
671:
653:
518:
442:Herrmann, J.; Zurcher, E., eds. (1996).
1896:
1124:
893:
794:
743:
525:Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. II, Fasc. 4
237:after the death of Alexander; however,
3075:
803:
554:Studies in Christian Caucasian History
385:
196:. Afterwards, Alexander appointed him
3058:Hellenistic satraps were preceded by
1870:
1207:
1181:
1164:
1089:Ernst Honigmann (1963). "Kommagene".
413:
172:Mithrenes surrendered voluntarily to
552:(Georgetown University Press, 1963;
219:rendition of a speech attributed to
188:instead. He fought for Alexander at
916:Waldemar Heckel (2006). "Orontes".
13:
499:The Marshals of Alexander's Empire
241:and Justin assign this satrapy to
14:
3119:
3083:Satraps of the Alexandrian Empire
309:One of the inscriptions from the
1154:
716:Histories of Alexander the Great
679:Histories of Alexander the Great
644:Histories of Alexander the Great
1099:
1082:
1057:
1032:
1012:
977:
945:. Wiley Blackwell. p. 50.
934:
909:
607:
567:
543:
534:
512:
491:
463:
435:
407:
379:
315:Antiochus I Theos of Commagene
156:, he was also a member of the
1:
3108:Achaemenid satraps of Armenia
3098:4th-century BC Iranian people
3039:
2999:
2988:
2928:
345:
16:Hellenistic Satrap of Armenia
1174:. Vol. 2. p. 1093.
7:
3062:, and followed or ruled by
1135:. De Gruyter. p. 373.
1043:. De Gruyter. p. 331.
560:. ). p. 278; "The eponym's
10:
3124:
313:detailing the ancestry of
261:Second War of the Diadochi
3056:
2868:
2590:Partition of Triparadisus
2583:
2226:
1905:
1842:
1819:
1801:
1733:
1651:
1643:1080–1198 (principality)
1638:
1573:
1416:
1345:
1274:
1226:
1215:
665:The Anabasis of Alexander
418:. John Wiley & Sons.
414:Anson, Edward M. (2014).
207:, in his speech given at
141:
120:
107:
98:
93:
89:
76:
72:
62:
52:
42:
34:
26:
21:
3093:4th-century BC governors
920:. Blackwell Publishing.
860:. Blackwell Publishing.
618:. Blackwell Publishing.
519:Chaumont, M. L. (1986).
497:Waldemar Heckel (2005).
372:
221:Mithridates VI of Pontus
558:The Orontids of Armenia
446:. UNESCO. p. 170.
386:Briant, Pierre (2012).
2876:Peithon, son of Agenor
2845:Peithon, son of Agenor
2560:Peithon, son of Agenor
2193:Peithon, son of Agenor
2079:Cleomenes of Naucratis
595:Cite journal requires
170:battle of the Granicus
2628:Hellespontine Phrygia
2278:Hellespontine Phrygia
1953:Hellespontine Phrygia
885:Bibliotheca historica
770:Bibliotheca historica
699:Bibliotheca historica
324:Friedrich Karl Dörner
229:lists the satrapy of
2706:Laomedon of Mytilene
2362:Laomedon of Mytilene
2233:Partition of Babylon
1717:(prince, later king)
527:. pp. 418–438.
322:and Herman Brijder;
142:Mιθρένης or Mιθρίνης
1911:Alexander the Great
1645:1198–1375 (kingdom)
1620:Hovhannes-Smbat III
837:The Life of Eumenes
274:On the other hand,
269:Battle of Gaugamela
174:Alexander the Great
3064:Hellenistic rulers
1501:Tiridates III (IV)
1020:Karl Julius Beloch
883:Diodorus Siculus,
768:Diodorus Siculus,
320:Karl Julius Beloch
3070:
3069:
3060:Achaemenid rulers
2662:Cleitus the White
2155:Cleitus the Black
1864:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1569:
1568:
1209:Armenian monarchs
1142:978-1-61451-713-9
1050:978-1-61451-713-9
952:978-1-4443-3962-8
927:978-1-4051-1210-9
901:Stratagems in War
867:978-1-4051-1210-9
815:978-0-19-927759-9
625:978-1-4051-1210-9
198:Satrap of Armenia
131:
130:
103:
102:
29:Satrap of Armenia
3115:
3044:
3041:
3004:
3001:
2993:
2990:
2933:
2930:
2924:, Vadfradad II,
1891:
1884:
1877:
1868:
1867:
1649:
1648:
1481:Hormizd-Ardashir
1456:Aurelius Pacorus
1224:
1223:
1202:
1195:
1188:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1158:
1157:
1147:
1146:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1086:
1080:
1079:
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1055:
1054:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1016:
1010:
1009:
981:
975:
963:
957:
956:
938:
932:
931:
913:
907:
897:
891:
881:
872:
871:
853:
844:
829:
820:
819:
801:
792:
782:
776:
766:
760:
747:
741:
728:
722:
712:
706:
694:Diodorus Siculus
691:
685:
675:
669:
657:
651:
636:
630:
629:
611:
605:
604:
598:
593:
591:
583:
571:
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547:
541:
538:
532:
531:
516:
510:
495:
489:
488:
467:
461:
460:
439:
433:
432:
411:
405:
404:
383:
276:N. G. L. Hammond
217:Pompeius Trogus'
143:
91:
90:
19:
18:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3088:Orontid dynasty
3073:
3072:
3071:
3066:
3052:
3042:
3002:
2991:
2931:
2864:
2592:
2588:
2579:
2235:
2231:
2222:
1963:Greater Phrygia
1913:
1901:
1895:
1865:
1856:
1838:
1829:Constantine III
1815:
1797:
1729:
1644:
1642:
1634:
1577:
1565:
1496:Tiridates (III)
1412:
1341:
1270:
1219:
1211:
1206:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1143:
1129:
1125:
1118:
1104:
1100:
1087:
1083:
1076:
1062:
1058:
1051:
1037:
1033:
1017:
1013:
998:10.2307/1192698
982:
978:
964:
960:
953:
939:
935:
928:
914:
910:
898:
894:
882:
875:
868:
854:
847:
830:
823:
816:
804:Justin (2011).
802:
795:
783:
779:
767:
763:
748:
744:
729:
725:
713:
709:
692:
688:
676:
672:
658:
654:
637:
633:
626:
612:
608:
596:
594:
585:
584:
572:
568:
550:Cyril Toumanoff
548:
544:
539:
535:
517:
513:
496:
492:
482:
468:
464:
454:
440:
436:
426:
412:
408:
398:
384:
380:
375:
348:
233:as assigned to
178:Battle of Issus
166:Waldemar Heckel
158:Orontid dynasty
154:Cyril Toumanoff
152:. According to
114:Orontid dynasty
17:
12:
11:
5:
3121:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3068:
3067:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3030:
3020:
3010:
2983:
2973:
2963:
2949:
2939:
2907:
2897:
2883:
2872:
2870:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2862:
2852:
2842:
2832:
2822:
2808:
2794:
2780:
2770:
2760:
2750:
2740:
2730:
2723:
2713:
2703:
2693:
2679:
2669:
2659:
2649:
2631:
2621:
2611:
2596:
2594:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2567:
2557:
2547:
2537:
2527:
2517:
2503:
2489:
2479:
2473:
2463:
2449:
2439:
2429:
2419:
2409:
2399:
2389:
2379:
2369:
2359:
2349:
2335:
2325:
2315:
2301:
2291:
2281:
2271:
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2254:
2239:
2237:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2210:
2200:
2190:
2176:
2166:
2148:
2126:
2116:
2106:
2096:
2086:
2076:
2058:
2044:
2034:
2024:
2010:
2000:
1990:
1980:
1966:
1956:
1942:
1928:
1917:
1915:
1903:
1902:
1894:
1893:
1886:
1879:
1871:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1848:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1834:Constantine IV
1831:
1825:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1811:Constantine II
1807:
1805:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1739:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1718:
1712:
1706:
1700:
1694:
1688:
1682:
1679:Constantine II
1676:
1670:
1664:
1657:
1655:
1646:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
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1567:
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1553:
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1513:
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1405:
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1395:
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1296:
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1248:
1243:
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1221:
1213:
1212:
1205:
1204:
1197:
1190:
1182:
1166:Smith, William
1149:
1148:
1141:
1123:
1116:
1098:
1081:
1074:
1056:
1049:
1031:
1011:
992:(2): 130–137.
976:
958:
951:
933:
926:
908:
892:
873:
866:
845:
821:
814:
793:
777:
761:
742:
723:
707:
686:
670:
652:
631:
624:
606:
597:|journal=
566:
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511:
507:978-1134942657
490:
481:978-0520247314
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453:978-9231028120
452:
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425:978-1118862407
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397:978-1400834860
396:
377:
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352:Smith, William
347:
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129:
128:
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118:
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105:
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100:
96:
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40:
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24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3120:
3109:
3106:
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3101:
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3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3065:
3061:
3055:
3048:
3043: 150 BC
3038:
3034:
3031:
3028:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3003: 175 BC
2997:
2992: 220 BC
2987:
2984:
2981:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2932: 220 BC
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2901:
2898:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2869:Later Satraps
2867:
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2761:
2758:
2754:
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2748:
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2738:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2725:Amphimachus (
2724:
2721:
2717:
2714:
2711:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2697:
2694:
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2687:
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2487:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2467:
2464:
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2457:
2453:
2452:Phrataphernes
2450:
2447:
2443:
2440:
2437:
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2430:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2413:
2410:
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2255:
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2248:
2244:
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2240:
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2211:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2133:Phrataphernes
2130:
2127:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2110:
2109:Autophradates
2107:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1929:
1926:
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1918:
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1899:
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1800:
1794:
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1779:
1776:
1774:
1773:Constantine I
1771:
1769:
1766:
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1759:
1756:
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1698:
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1677:
1674:
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1668:
1667:Constantine I
1665:
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1641:
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1542:
1539:
1537:
1536:Vologases III
1534:
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1524:
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1441:Parthamasiris
1439:
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1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
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1415:
1409:
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1381:
1379:
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1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1358:Artavasdes IV
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1338:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1328:Artavades III
1326:
1324:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1304:Artavasdes II
1302:
1300:
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1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
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1234:
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1222:
1218:
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1191:
1189:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1161:public domain
1144:
1138:
1134:
1127:
1119:
1117:1-57506-015-9
1113:
1109:
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1094:
1093:
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1075:1-57506-015-9
1071:
1067:
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1052:
1046:
1042:
1035:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1015:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
980:
974:
970:
969:
962:
954:
948:
944:
937:
929:
923:
919:
912:
906:
902:
896:
890:
886:
880:
878:
869:
863:
859:
852:
850:
843:
839:
838:
833:
828:
826:
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811:
807:
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787:
781:
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736:
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721:
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582:
577:
570:
563:
559:
555:
551:
546:
537:
530:
526:
522:
515:
508:
504:
501:. Routledge.
500:
494:
487:
483:
477:
473:
466:
459:
455:
449:
445:
438:
431:
427:
421:
417:
410:
403:
399:
393:
389:
382:
378:
367:
363:
359:
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353:
350:
349:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
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321:
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307:
305:
300:
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294:
290:
286:
282:
277:
272:
270:
266:
262:
258:
255:Diodorus and
253:
251:
250:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
222:
218:
214:
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126:
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119:
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110:
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97:
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88:
84:
81:
79:
75:
71:
68:
65:
61:
58:
55:
51:
47:
45:
41:
38:331 BC – 321?
37:
33:
30:
25:
20:
2914:Ardakhshir I
2089:Satibarzanes
2002:
1914:(334-323 BC)
1476:Tiridates II
1466:Vologases II
1373:Artaxias III
1353:Ariobarzanes
1346:Non-dynastic
1314:Tigranes III
1289:Artavasdes I
1169:
1153:
1132:
1126:
1107:
1101:
1090:
1084:
1065:
1059:
1040:
1034:
1024:
1014:
989:
985:
979:
966:
961:
942:
936:
917:
911:
900:
895:
884:
857:
835:
805:
785:
780:
769:
764:
753:
745:
734:
726:
715:
710:
697:
689:
678:
673:
663:
655:
642:
634:
615:
609:
588:cite journal
579:
575:
569:
561:
557:
556:, part III.
553:
545:
536:
528:
524:
514:
498:
493:
485:
471:
465:
457:
443:
437:
429:
415:
409:
401:
387:
381:
355:
339:
335:
327:
311:Mount Nemrut
308:
301:
273:
254:
247:
225:
209:Hecatompylos
202:
133:
132:
27:Hellenistic
3037:Hyspaosines
3013:Apollodorus
2922:Vadfradad I
2829:Paropamisia
2727:Mesopotamia
2690:Paphlagonia
2544:Paropamisia
2396:Mesopotamia
2372:Neoptolemus
2346:Paphlagonia
2173:Paropamisia
2137:Pharismanes
2061:Phrasaortes
2031:Mesopotamia
1993:Abdalonymus
1983:Abistamenes
1898:Hellenistic
1561:Artaxias IV
1506:Khosrov III
1446:Vologases I
1426:Tiridates I
1408:Tigranes VI
1403:Tiridates I
1398:Rhadamistus
1393:Mithridates
1383:Mithridates
1333:Tigranes IV
1319:Tigranes IV
1309:Artaxias II
1299:Tigranes II
1241:Orontes III
968:Geographica
899:Polyaenus,
754:Bibliotheca
362:"Mithrenes"
235:Neoptolemus
215:reproduced
83:Orontes III
67:Orontes III
53:Predecessor
22:Mithrenes I
3077:Categories
3023:Ptolemaeus
2942:Andragoras
2743:Tlepolemus
2686:Cappadocia
2672:Philoxenus
2624:Arrhidaeus
2614:Lysimachus
2478:(Pelasgia)
2432:Tlepolemus
2392:Arcesilaus
2342:Cappadocia
2264:Lysimachus
2119:Andragoras
1987:Cappadocia
1923:(Queen of
1715:Leo II (I)
1709:Roupen III
1546:Vramshapuh
1541:Khosrov IV
1531:Arshak III
1491:Khosrov II
1363:Tigranes V
1294:Tigranes I
1284:Artaxias I
1266:Orontes IV
1256:Arsames II
1236:Orontes II
1220:336 BC–428
790:xiii. 4.23
774:xviii. 3.3
739:xxxviii. 7
704:xvii. 64.6
562:praeonemen
354:(editor);
346:References
289:Artaxias I
243:Tlepolemus
194:Orontes II
182:Darius III
125:Orontes II
57:Orontes II
44:Coronation
3047:Characene
3033:Noumenios
3027:Commagene
2996:Timarchus
2976:Alexander
2952:Demodamas
2926:Alexander
2910:Bagadates
2894:Drangiana
2890:Arachosia
2886:Sibyrtius
2815:Arachosia
2811:Sibyrtius
2805:Drangiana
2797:Stasander
2777:Babylonia
2763:Antigenes
2716:Peucestas
2652:Cassander
2646:Pamphylia
2634:Antigonus
2600:Antipater
2530:Scythaeus
2510:Arachosia
2506:Sibyrtius
2500:Drangiana
2466:Antigenes
2412:Atropates
2404:(Greater
2382:Peucestas
2312:Pamphylia
2284:Antigonus
2274:Leonnatus
2243:Antipater
2151:Artabazos
2129:Amminapes
2111:(Tapuri,
2099:Sibyrtius
2069:Peucestas
2051:Atropates
2003:Mithrenes
1959:Antigonus
1949:Demarchus
1778:Hethum II
1763:Hethum II
1753:Hethum II
1735:Hethumids
1697:Roupen II
1691:Thoros II
1605:Ashot III
1575:Bagratids
1551:Khosrov V
1516:Arshak II
1471:Khosrov I
1276:Artaxiads
1217:Antiquity
889:xix. 23.3
714:Curtius,
677:Curtius,
668:, iii. 16
293:Zariadres
281:Perdiccas
265:Peucestas
257:Polyaenus
249:strategos
190:Gaugamela
186:Leonnatus
134:Mithrenes
99:Mithrenes
63:Successor
2966:Diodotus
2960:Sogdiana
2849:Gandhara
2825:Oxyartes
2819:Gedrosia
2791:Sogdiana
2783:Stasanor
2773:Seleucus
2747:Carmania
2593:(321 BC)
2564:Gandhara
2540:Oxyartes
2534:Sogdiana
2514:Gedrosia
2492:Stasanor
2486:Hyrcania
2414:(Lesser
2328:Philotas
2318:Menander
2304:Nearchus
2236:(323 BC)
2197:Gandhara
2169:Oxyartes
2141:Hyrcania
2103:Carmania
2047:Oxydates
2037:Abulites
2017:Stamenes
1969:Balakros
1935:Menander
1844:Lusignan
1803:Lusignan
1768:Smbat IV
1743:Hethum I
1721:Isabella
1711:(prince)
1705:(prince)
1699:(prince)
1693:(prince)
1687:(prince)
1681:(prince)
1675:(prince)
1673:Thoros I
1669:(prince)
1663:(prince)
1661:Roupen I
1653:Rubenids
1630:Gagik II
1625:Ashot IV
1610:Smbat II
1595:Ashot II
1578:884–1045
1526:Varazdat
1461:Sohaemus
1451:Sohaemus
1436:Axidares
1431:Sanatruk
1418:Arsacids
1378:Arshak I
1228:Orontids
1022:(1923).
973:xi. 14.5
965:Strabo,
832:Plutarch
784:Justin,
368:, (1867)
304:Diadochi
297:Lake Van
239:Diodorus
231:Carmania
227:Dexippus
164:origin.
144:) was a
3017:Susiana
2970:Bactria
2956:Bactria
2946:Parthia
2918:Wahbarz
2900:Eudemus
2880:Babylon
2835:Taxiles
2787:Bactria
2767:Susiana
2757:Parthia
2733:Peithon
2696:Ptolemy
2682:Nicanor
2676:Cilicia
2638:Phrygia
2604:Macedon
2587:at the
2585:Satraps
2550:Taxiles
2524:Bactria
2520:Amyntas
2470:Susiana
2460:Parthia
2456:Armenia
2446:Parthia
2442:Nicanor
2426:Susiana
2402:Peithon
2376:Armenia
2352:Ptolemy
2338:Eumenes
2332:Cilicia
2294:Asander
2288:Phrygia
2258:Illyria
2256:Philo (
2247:Macedon
2228:Satraps
2203:Taxiles
2183:Eudemus
2163:Bactria
2159:Amyntas
2145:Parthia
2123:Parthia
2041:Susiana
2027:Mazakes
2021:Babylon
2013:Mazaeus
2007:Armenia
1977:Cilicia
1931:Asander
1907:Satraps
1900:satraps
1783:Leo III
1640:Cilicia
1615:Gagik I
1590:Smbat I
1585:Ashot I
1368:Vonones
1251:Arsames
1163::
1006:1192698
986:Phoenix
905:iv. 8.3
758:cod. 82
750:Photius
683:v. 1.44
649:iii. 12
639:Curtius
205:Curtius
162:Iranian
146:Persian
109:Dynasty
2936:Persis
2839:Punjab
2753:Philip
2720:Persis
2618:Thrace
2608:Greece
2554:Punjab
2482:Philip
2476:Archon
2436:Persia
2422:Scynus
2386:Persis
2268:Thrace
2251:Greece
2230:at the
2207:Punjab
2179:Philip
2073:Persis
2065:Oxines
1909:under
1821:Neghir
1793:Leo IV
1758:Thoros
1748:Leo II
1725:Philip
1723:&
1600:Abas I
1556:Shapur
1486:Narseh
1388:Orodes
1335:&
1321:&
1261:Xerxes
1139:
1114:
1072:
1047:
1004:
949:
924:
864:
812:
731:Justin
660:Arrian
622:
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505:
478:
450:
422:
394:
366:Boston
285:Strabo
213:Justin
150:Sardis
121:Father
48:331 BC
3007:Media
2986:Molon
2980:Lydia
2904:Indus
2859:Indus
2855:Porus
2737:Media
2710:Syria
2700:Egypt
2666:Lydia
2656:Caria
2642:Lycia
2574:Indus
2570:Porus
2416:Media
2406:Media
2366:Syria
2356:Egypt
2322:Lydia
2308:Lycia
2298:Caria
2217:Indus
2213:Porus
2187:India
2113:Mardi
2083:Egypt
2055:Media
1997:Sidon
1973:Menes
1945:Calas
1939:Lydia
1925:Caria
1852:Leo V
1788:Oshin
1685:Leo I
1511:Tiran
1337:Erato
1323:Erato
1246:Sames
1002:JSTOR
720:vi. 3
373:Notes
340:danes
336:danes
332:delta
160:, of
138:Greek
94:Names
78:Issue
35:Reign
2817:and
2803:and
2801:Aria
2789:and
2688:and
2644:and
2606:and
2512:and
2498:and
2496:Aria
2344:and
2310:and
2249:and
2143:and
2093:Aria
1703:Mleh
1137:ISBN
1112:ISBN
1070:ISBN
1045:ISBN
947:ISBN
922:ISBN
862:ISBN
810:ISBN
620:ISBN
601:help
503:ISBN
476:ISBN
448:ISBN
420:ISBN
392:ISBN
328:anen
291:and
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1521:Pap
994:doi
842:4.1
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