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Albert Bierstadt

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and London before having it shipped to the U.S. His exhibition pieces both impressed European audiences and furthered the idea of the American West as a land of promise during a period when European emigration to the U.S. was increasing. Bierstadt's choice of grandiose subjects was matched by his
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The temptation (to criticize him) should be steadfastly resisted. Bierstadt's theatrical art, fervent sociability, international outlook, and unquenchable personal energy reflected the epic expansion in every facet of Western civilization during the second half of the nineteenth
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in 1853 and studied painting for several years in Düsseldorf with members of its informal school of painting. After returning to New Bedford in 1857, he taught drawing and painting briefly before devoting himself full-time to painting.
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Bierstadt was a prolific artist, having completed over 500 paintings during his lifetime. Yet by the time of his death on February 18, 1902, the taste for epic landscape painting had long since subsided. Bierstadt was buried at the
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Interest in Bierstadt's work was renewed in the 1960s with the exhibition of his small oil studies. Modern opinions of Bierstadt have been divided. Some critics have regarded his work as gaudy, oversized, extravagant champions of
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Though his painting career continued later into his life, Bierstadt's work fell increasingly out of critical favor and was increasingly attacked for its theatrical tone. In 1882, a fire destroyed Bierstadt's studio at
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photograph taken by his brother Edward Bierstadt, who operated a photography studio at Langley's Tavern in Virginia. The painting received a positive review when it was exhibited at the Brooklyn Art Association at the
1929:"Echo Lake, Franconia Mountains, New Hampshire / North American / Art of the Americas / Highlights By Category / Collection Highlights / Collections / Smith College Museum of Art – Smith College Museum of Art" 410:. He then travelled through Europe for the next two years, painting new works while also cultivating social and business contacts to sustain the market for his art on the continent. For example, he painted 1271: 1078: 32: 1245: 1099: 375:
observed that the painting, created from photographs, "is quintessentially that of a voyeur, privy to the stories and unblemished by the violence and brutality of first-hand combat experience."
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entrepreneurial flair. His exhibitions of individual works were accompanied by promotion, ticket sales, and, in the words of one critic, a "vast machinery of advertisement and puffery."
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to paint the scenes. He was not the first artist to record the sites, but he was the foremost painter of them for the remainder of the 19th century.
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evident in his choice of subjects and for his use of light, which they found excessive. Some critics objected to Bierstadt's paintings of
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On the other hand, his work has also been criticized as largely an imaginary depiction of nature, and even "soulless" in its execution.
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issued a set of 20 commemorative stamps entitled "Four Centuries of American Art", one of which featured Albert Bierstadt's
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for the U.S. government, to see those western American landscapes for his work. He returned to a studio he had taken at the
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A finding aid to the Albert Bierstadt letter collection, 1880–1893 in the Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution
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and, Rosalie Ludlow, his future wife, but the name was changed from Rosalie to Evans in 1895 in honor of Colorado governor
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paintings in 1868 led a number of explorers to request his presence as part of their westward expeditions. The
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Miller, Angela. "Albert Bierstadt, Landscape Aesthetics, and the Meanings of the West in the Civil War Era".
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based on his brief experiences with soldiers stationed at Camp Cameron in 1861. That painting was based on a
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Bierstadt's popularity in the U.S. remained strong during his European tour. The publicity generated by his
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in New York with sketches for numerous paintings he then finished. In 1860, he was elected a member of the
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based on their belief that including Indigenous Americans "marred" the "impression of solitary grandeur."
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Garraty, John Arthur; Carnes, Mark Christopher; Societies, American Council of Learned (March 29, 1999).
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in 1863, 1.5 miles from Mount Bierstadt. Bierstadt named it Mount Rosa, a reference to both
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27, no. 1 (Terrain of Freedom: American Art and the Civil War) (2001): 40–59 and 101–102.
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are named in his honor. Bierstadt was probably the first European to visit the summit of
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in 1876, and Bierstadt spent increasing amounts of time with her in the warmer climate of
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until her death in 1893. He also maintained travel between the western United States,
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Despite his popular success, Bierstadt was criticized by some contemporaries for the
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In 1863, Bierstadt traveled west again, this time in the company of the author
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In 1858, Bierstadt exhibited a large painting of a Swiss landscape at the
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where he exhibited two landscape paintings in a private reception with
2721: 535:. His work has been placed in a favorable context, as stated in 1987: 527:. Others have noted that his landscapes helped create support for the 5389: 4718: 4600: 3932: 3651: 3301: 3180: 2016:"Looking Down Yosemite Valley, California | Birmingham Museum of Art" 652: 158: 2384: 2126:"St. Johnsbury Athenaeum>>This Week from the Gallery Archives" 5529: 2509: 2414: 2327:
American Sublime: Landscape Painting in the United States 1820–1880
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Bierstadt's Visit to Colorado: Sketching for the famous painting, "
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painter best known for his lavish, sweeping landscapes of the
1011: 188:. Their style was based on carefully detailed paintings with 3602: 226:. Albert was just a year old when his family immigrated to 1837:. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 919:
The Morteratsch Glacier Upper Engadine Valley – Pontresina
911:, c. 1891, vintage photogravure, Valley Fine Art Gallery, 814:, oil on canvas, Buffalo AKG Art Museum, Buffalo, New York 237:
In 1851, Bierstadt began to paint in oils. He returned to
1706: 1704: 1702: 1700: 1698: 1696: 1694: 1692: 2461:—Overview of an archival collection on Albert Bierstadt. 1849:
American Paradise: The World of the Hudson River School,
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Because of Bierstadt's interest in mountain landscapes,
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American Paradise: The World of the Hudson River School
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In 1859, Bierstadt traveled westward in the company of
1870:"Reviews/Art; He Painted the West That America Wanted" 1713:, National Gallery of Art. Retrieved February 2, 2018. 1689: 1549: 514:, and remained largely forgotten for nearly 60 years. 1635:
National Gallery of Art, retrieved September 14, 2018
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sketches in his youth and developed a taste for art.
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Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters
402:In 1867, Bierstadt returned to Europe, arriving in 2361:. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 1987. 2354: 726:Connecticut River Valley, Claremont, New Hampshire 2206:. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Archived from 2076:. Smithsonian American Art Museum. Archived from 1851:284. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1987. 1657:. New York: P. F. Collier & Son Company. 301:. He was part of a group of artists known as the 176:. He became part of the second generation of the 153:(January 7, 1830 – February 18, 1902) was a 5774: 1151:Staubbach Falls, Near Lauterbrunnen, Switzerland 2343:Albert Bierstadt, Painter of the American West 3350: 2737: 2525: 432:also commissioned him to visit and paint the 16:German-American landscape painter (1830–1902) 2427:White Mountain paintings by Albert Bierstadt 1798: 393:Financial recognition confirmed his status: 192:, almost glowing lighting, sometimes called 3316:A Storm in the Rocky Mountains, Mt. Rosalie 2609:A Storm in the Rocky Mountains, Mt. Rosalie 1598:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography 1581: 1577: 1575: 1573: 1167:A Storm in the Rocky Mountains, Mt. Rosalie 938:Roman Fish Market, Arch of Octavius, 1858, 714:A Storm in the Rocky Mountains, Mt. Rosalie 201: 3357: 3343: 2744: 2730: 2532: 2518: 2262:, Vol. 11, No. 3, Jan. 1890; page 237-240. 1668: 1666: 1664: 31: 2180:. Collection.corcoran.org. Archived from 2178:"The Last of the Buffalo | Corcoran" 2154:. Collection.corcoran.org. Archived from 1553:American National Biography: Baker-Blatch 690:, Oil on canvas on panel-back stretcher, 2593:Looking Down Yosemite Valley, California 1821: 1721: 1719: 1672: 1644: 1570: 1526:"Picturing America's Natural Cathedrals" 1444: 1373:(on loan from the Denver Public Library) 1128:Looking Down Yosemite Valley, California 484: 438: 377: 269: 249: 5818:Prussian emigrants to the United States 2751: 2377:Art Institute of Chicago Museum Studies 1867: 1679:Montana The Magazine of Western History 1661: 517: 482:, and, with it, many of his paintings. 430:Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railroad 5775: 2320:Albert Bierstadt, Art & Enterprise 1979:. Timken Museum of Art. Archived from 1725: 458:His wife, Rosalie, was diagnosed with 5704:Romanticism and the French Revolution 3338: 2725: 2513: 2322:, New York: Hudson Hills Press, 1990. 2074:"Among the Sierra Nevada, California" 1868:Brenson, Michael (February 8, 1991). 1767: 1765: 1716: 1610: 1608: 1545: 1543: 1256:Reynolda House Museum of American Art 924: 416:in his Rome studio, displaying it in 2539: 2329:, Princeton University Press, 2002. 2102:. Seattle Art Museum. Archived from 1977:"Cho-looke, the Yosemite Fall, 1864" 1440: 161:. He joined several journeys of the 2617:Among the Sierra Nevada, California 2443:MONA Moment, Museum of Nebraska Art 2325:Barringer, Tim and Wilton, Andrew. 759:Among the Sierra Nevada, California 413:Among the Sierra Nevada, California 256:Among the Sierra Nevada, California 13: 5798:19th-century American male artists 3309:The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak 3231:Thomas Cole National Historic Site 2569:The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak 2465:Albert Bierstadt Paintings Gallery 2406:Works by or about Albert Bierstadt 2312: 2128:. Stjathenaeum.org. Archived from 2100:"Puget Sound on the Pacific Coast" 1799:Glenda Moore (September 9, 2004). 1762: 1673:Hassrick, Peter H. (Spring 2018). 1645:Reynolds, Francis J., ed. (1921). 1605: 1540: 1086:The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak 699:On the Hudson River Near Irvington 629:The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak 614:Echo Lake, Franconia Mountains, NH 396:The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak 14: 5869: 2399: 1279:Giant Redwood Trees of California 833:Giant Redwood Trees of California 554:List of works by Albert Bierstadt 5757: 5756: 2633:Puget Sound on the Pacific Coast 2447:Gallery of Bierstadt's Paintings 2152:"Mount Corcoran | Corcoran" 1931:. Scma.smith.edu. Archived from 1488:, and again in 2023 to Blue Sky. 1425: 1399: 1378: 1355: 1334: 1310: 1291: 1270: 1244: 1221: 1198: 1179: 1158: 1143: 1119: 1098: 1077: 1062: 1040: 1018: 996: 973: 950: 931: 800:Puget Sound on the Pacific Coast 547: 351:to those who had not seen them. 5848:People from Irvington, New York 5843:Artists from the Rhine Province 3364: 2297:. Shop.usps.com. March 28, 2011 2287: 2275:. ArtOnStamps.org. July 9, 2010 2265: 2244: 2222: 2196: 2170: 2144: 2118: 2092: 2066: 2044: 2030: 2008: 1987: 1969: 1947: 1921: 1895: 1861: 1841: 1815: 1792: 1783: 1777:Smithsonian American Art Museum 1744: 1413:), 1878, Manoogian Collection, 1324:Princeton University Art Museum 899:Smithsonian American Art Museum 853:Princeton University Art Museum 764:Smithsonian American Art Museum 616:, Smith College Museum of Art, 443:Rosalie Bierstadt, unknown date 261:Smithsonian American Art Museum 5793:19th-century American painters 2641:Indians in Council, California 2473:at The R.W. Norton Art Gallery 1728:The Civil War and American Art 1726:Harvey, Eleanor Jones (2012). 1638: 1626: 1518: 1411:The Shore of the Turquoise Sea 1187:Yosemite Valley, Yosemite Park 474:, and his studio in New York. 1: 5853:Düsseldorf school of painting 5828:Luminism (American art style) 5727:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog 2701:Luminism (American art style) 2561:On the Platte River, Nebraska 2295:"The Postal Store @ USPS.com" 1512: 865:, c. 1876–77, oil on canvas, 498: 489:Albert Bierstadt in an early 42: 5823:Hudson River School painters 5813:Artists of the American West 3140:Newington-Cropsey Foundation 2577:Cho-looke, the Yosemite Fall 2471:Albert Bierstadt's Biography 2254:Storm in the Rocky Mountains 1493:United States Postal Service 1454:Rocky Mountain National Park 1008:Museum of Fine Arts, Houston 677:Looking Down Yosemite Valley 645:Cho-looke, the Yosemite Fall 360:Guerrilla Warfare, Civil War 318:Tenth Street Studio Building 7: 5808:American landscape painters 3130:New-York Historical Society 2346:, New York: Harrison House/ 2318:Anderson, Nancy K. et al. 2260:Magazine of Western History 1556:. Oxford University Press. 1305:, San Francisco, California 1026:Guerilla Warfare, Civil War 835:, c. 1874, oil on canvas, 780:, New Brunswick, New Jersey 10: 5874: 5833:American frontier painters 5644:Coleridge's theory of life 3323:Twilight in the Wilderness 3115:Metropolitan Museum of Art 2691:Edward Bierstadt (brother) 2421:Albert Bierstadt Paintings 1654:Collier's New Encyclopedia 1348:Metropolitan Museum of Art 1091:Metropolitan Museum of Art 962:New Bedford Whaling Museum 634:Metropolitan Museum of Art 622:Northampton, Massachusetts 601:, c. 1859, oil on canvas, 587:, c. 1853, oil on canvas, 551: 512:New Bedford, Massachusetts 371:in December 1861. Curator 322:National Academy of Design 287:National Academy of Design 230:, in 1831. He made clever 228:New Bedford, Massachusetts 5736: 5699:Romanticism and economics 5636: 5528: 5275: 5097: 5042: 5011: 4935: 4884: 4833: 4792: 4701: 4645: 4609: 4563: 4554: 4399: 4343: 4292: 4251: 4210: 4164: 4106: 3976: 3855: 3777: 3714:Manuel Antônio de Almeida 3696: 3687: 3573: 3441: 3372: 3244: 3158: 3107: 3059:William Louis Sonntag Sr. 2959:Ransome Gillett Holdridge 2939:William Stanley Haseltine 2849:Johann Hermann Carmiencke 2789: 2759: 2683: 2657:Sunrise on the Matterhorn 2547: 2452:January 26, 2021, at the 2232:. Valley Fine Art Gallery 1905:. Dia.org. Archived from 1828:"Bierstadt, Albert"  1789:Barringer and Wilton, 250 1648:"Bierstadt, Albert"  1592:"Bierstadt, Albert"  1566:– via Google Books. 1343:Sunrise on the Matterhorn 1056:San Francisco, California 985:Albright-Knox Art Gallery 981:The Marina Piccola, Capri 944:San Francisco, California 841:Pittsfield, Massachusetts 734:Pittsfield, Massachusetts 721:, New York City, New York 707:Pittsfield, Massachusetts 701:, 1866–70, oil on paper, 603:Detroit Institute of Arts 533:Yellowstone National Park 531:and the establishment of 369:Brooklyn Academy of Music 245: 138: 126: 118: 108: 100: 81: 52: 30: 23: 3479:German historical school 3145:Tuscaloosa Museum of Art 3049:Thomas Prichard Rossiter 2909:Sanford Robinson Gifford 2665:The Falls of St. Anthony 1995:"Valley of the Yosemite" 1847:Howat, John K., editor. 1601:. New York: D. Appleton. 1363:Estes Park, Long's Peak, 1133:Birmingham Museum of Art 752:Cambridge, Massachusetts 681:Birmingham Museum of Art 561:Majesty of the Mountains 436:and surrounding region. 324:; he received medals in 275:Rocky Mountain Landscape 202:Early life and education 4126:Józef Ignacy Kraszewski 3253:Among the Sierra Nevada 3166:Catskill Mountain House 3125:National Gallery of Art 2839:Alfred Thompson Bricher 1834:Encyclopædia Britannica 1501:Valley of the Yosemite. 1497:The Last of the Buffalo 1392:Corcoran Gallery of Art 1319:Mount Adams, Washington 1114:, Boston, Massachusetts 1070:Oregon Trail (Campfire) 909:The Last of the Buffalo 883:Corcoran Gallery of Art 878:The Last of the Buffalo 867:Corcoran Gallery of Art 851:, 1875, oil on canvas, 848:Mount Adams, Washington 823:St. Johnsbury Athenaeum 728:, 1868, oil on canvas, 692:Cleveland Museum of Art 589:National Gallery of Art 387:National Gallery of Art 383:The Last of the Buffalo 5803:American male painters 5709:Romanticism in science 5664:Middle Ages in history 5659:List of Romantic poets 4371:Josiah Gilbert Holland 3274:The Heart of the Andes 3099:Alexander Helwig Wyant 3094:Worthington Whittredge 3079:Mary Josephine Walters 3054:Francis Augustus Silva 3039:William Trost Richards 2974:John Frederick Kensett 2949:Hermann Ottomar Herzog 2914:Régis François Gignoux 2874:Jasper Francis Cropsey 2834:James Renwick Brevoort 2585:Valley of the Yosemite 2459:The Winterthur Library 2250:William Newton Byers, 1456: 1229:Storm in the Mountains 1107:Valley of the Yosemite 827:St. Johnsbury, Vermont 661:Valley of the Yosemite 599:The Wolf River, Kansas 573:The Portico of Octavia 542: 502: 444: 390: 282: 267: 206:Bierstadt was born in 168:Bierstadt was born in 5679:Romantic epistemology 5669:Opium and Romanticism 4238:Stojadinović-Srpkinja 3464:Counter-Enlightenment 3221:Rip Van Winkle Bridge 3196:Kaaterskill High Peak 3064:James Augustus Suydam 3014:Charles Herbert Moore 2919:Eliza Pratt Greatorex 2859:Frederic Edwin Church 2854:John William Casilear 2423:at fineartamerica.com 2417:(albertbierstadt.org) 2348:Harry N. Abrams, Inc. 2204:"Alaskan Coast Range" 2132:on September 27, 2013 2054:. Harvard Art Museums 1983:on February 21, 2009. 1448: 1004:Indians Spear Fishing 857:Princeton, New Jersey 807:, Seattle, Washington 785:Sierra Nevada Morning 537: 529:conservation movement 488: 442: 381: 273: 253: 5838:People from Solingen 5743:Age of Enlightenment 3385:England (literature) 3267:The Course of Empire 3029:William Sidney Mount 2979:Robert G. L. Leonori 2944:Martin Johnson Heade 2924:Daniel Charles Grose 2824:Albert Fitch Bellows 2767:Age of Enlightenment 2340:Hendricks, Gordon. 1909:on February 23, 2009 958:Gosnold at Cuttyhunk 649:Timken Museum of Art 518:Posthumous reception 373:Eleanor Jones Harvey 5694:Romantic psychology 3489:Hudson River School 3433:Sweden (literature) 3418:Russia (literature) 3226:Storm King Mountain 2929:James McDougal Hart 2894:Robert S. 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Lander 303:Hudson River School 299:Hudson River Valley 297:, including in the 178:Hudson River School 143:Hudson River School 3679:White Mountain art 3620:Historical fiction 3428:Spain (literature) 3120:Wadsworth Atheneum 3089:Robert Walter Weir 3044:Ferdinand Richardt 3034:Harriet Cany Peale 2989:Homer Dodge Martin 2984:Edmund Darch Lewis 2899:Asher Brown Durand 2884:Lockwood de Forest 2467:—345 images online 1874:The New York Times 1457: 1394:, Washington, D.C. 1233:Museum of Fine Art 925:Selected paintings 805:Seattle Art Museum 748:Harvard University 503: 445: 391: 389:, Washington, D.C. 356:American Civil War 283: 281:, Washington, D.C. 268: 163:Westward Expansion 5770: 5769: 5684:Romantic medicine 5654:List of romantics 5093: 5092: 4744:Felix Mendelssohn 4739:Fanny Mendelssohn 4550: 4549: 4264:Rosalía de Castro 4202:Soares dos Passos 3550:Transcendentalism 3514:Nazarene movement 3474:Düsseldorf School 3332: 3331: 3191:Kaaterskill Falls 3186:Kaaterskill Clove 3176:Croton Point Park 3009:Louis Rémy Mignot 3004:Mary Blood Mellen 2719: 2718: 2649:California Spring 2273:"ArtOnStamps.org" 2230:"Valley Fine Art" 2106:on August 1, 2017 2038:"Yosemite Valley" 1935:on March 22, 2012 1737:978-0-300-18733-5 1441:Legacy and honors 1367:Denver Art Museum 1299:California Spring 881:, oil on canvas, 819:Domes of Yosemite 803:, oil on canvas, 787:, oil on canvas, 776:, oil on canvas, 717:, oil on canvas, 694:, Cleveland, Ohio 647:, oil on canvas, 632:, oil on canvas, 224:Charles Bierstadt 148: 147: 113:Düsseldorf School 85:February 18, 1902 5865: 5760: 5759: 5719:Evolution theory 4561: 4560: 3694: 3693: 3555:Ukrainian school 3359: 3352: 3345: 3336: 3335: 3206:North–South Lake 3074:William Guy Wall 2904:Hermann Fuechsel 2829:Albert Bierstadt 2819:Julie Hart Beers 2814:Susie M. Barstow 2746: 2739: 2732: 2723: 2722: 2541:Albert Bierstadt 2534: 2527: 2520: 2511: 2510: 2501:Albert Bierstadt 2492:Albert Bierstadt 2479: 2440: 2415:Albert Bierstadt 2410:Internet Archive 2372: 2360: 2307: 2306: 2304: 2302: 2291: 2285: 2284: 2282: 2280: 2269: 2263: 2248: 2242: 2241: 2239: 2237: 2226: 2220: 2219: 2217: 2215: 2200: 2194: 2193: 2191: 2189: 2174: 2168: 2167: 2165: 2163: 2148: 2142: 2141: 2139: 2137: 2122: 2116: 2115: 2113: 2111: 2096: 2090: 2089: 2087: 2085: 2070: 2064: 2063: 2061: 2059: 2052:"In the Sierras" 2048: 2042: 2041: 2034: 2028: 2027: 2025: 2023: 2012: 2006: 2005: 2003: 2001: 1991: 1985: 1984: 1973: 1967: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1951: 1945: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1925: 1919: 1918: 1916: 1914: 1899: 1893: 1892: 1890: 1888: 1865: 1859: 1845: 1839: 1838: 1830: 1819: 1813: 1812: 1810: 1808: 1796: 1790: 1787: 1781: 1780: 1769: 1760: 1759: 1748: 1742: 1741: 1723: 1714: 1708: 1687: 1686: 1670: 1659: 1658: 1650: 1642: 1636: 1630: 1624: 1623: 1612: 1603: 1602: 1594: 1579: 1568: 1567: 1547: 1538: 1537: 1535: 1533: 1522: 1429: 1403: 1390:, c. 1876–1877, 1382: 1359: 1338: 1314: 1295: 1284:Berkshire Museum 1274: 1254:, c. 1871–1873, 1248: 1239:, Massachusetts 1225: 1202: 1183: 1162: 1147: 1123: 1102: 1081: 1066: 1044: 1022: 1000: 977: 968:, Massachusetts 954: 935: 903:Washington, D.C. 887:Washington, D.C. 871:Washington, D.C. 837:Berkshire Museum 789:Gilcrease Museum 774:Glen Ellis Falls 768:Washington, D.C. 730:Berkshire Museum 703:Berkshire Museum 664:, oil on paper, 593:Washington, D.C. 525:Manifest Destiny 500: 495:Edward Bierstadt 491:color photograph 453:Native Americans 341:Fitz Hugh Ludlow 265:Washington, D.C. 220:Edward Bierstadt 151:Albert Bierstadt 129: 88: 62: 60: 47: 44: 35: 25:Albert Bierstadt 21: 20: 5873: 5872: 5868: 5867: 5866: 5864: 5863: 5862: 5773: 5772: 5771: 5766: 5765: 5754: 5746: 5732: 5689:Romantic poetry 5674:Romantic ballet 5649:German idealism 5632: 5598:Lacoue-Labarthe 5524: 5271: 5089: 5038: 5007: 4988:Rimsky-Korsakov 4931: 4880: 4829: 4788: 4697: 4641: 4605: 4546: 4395: 4339: 4288: 4247: 4206: 4160: 4102: 4043:Maria Edgeworth 3979: 3972: 3851: 3773: 3683: 3662:Romantic genius 3592:Gesamtkunstwerk 3569: 3530:Sturm und Drang 3437: 3368: 3363: 3333: 3328: 3288:Kindred Spirits 3240: 3154: 3150:Brooklyn Museum 3103: 2785: 2755: 2750: 2720: 2715: 2706:Mount Bierstadt 2679: 2543: 2538: 2488:, June 30, 2018 2477: 2454:Wayback Machine 2438: 2402: 2385:10.2307/4102838 2369: 2353: 2315: 2313:Further reading 2310: 2300: 2298: 2293: 2292: 2288: 2278: 2276: 2271: 2270: 2266: 2249: 2245: 2235: 2233: 2228: 2227: 2223: 2213: 2211: 2202: 2201: 2197: 2187: 2185: 2184:on May 18, 2013 2176: 2175: 2171: 2161: 2159: 2158:on May 18, 2013 2150: 2149: 2145: 2135: 2133: 2124: 2123: 2119: 2109: 2107: 2098: 2097: 2093: 2083: 2081: 2080:on June 1, 2014 2072: 2071: 2067: 2057: 2055: 2050: 2049: 2045: 2036: 2035: 2031: 2021: 2019: 2018:. 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(1911). 1823:Chisholm, Hugh 1814: 1803:. xmission.com 1801:"xmission.com" 1791: 1782: 1761: 1743: 1736: 1715: 1688: 1660: 1637: 1633:Mount Corcoran 1625: 1604: 1569: 1562: 1539: 1516: 1514: 1511: 1510: 1509: 1503: 1489: 1474:Mount Blue Sky 1466:Bierstadt Lake 1450:Bierstadt Lake 1442: 1439: 1438: 1437: 1431: 1424: 1422: 1405: 1398: 1396: 1387:Mount Corcoran 1384: 1377: 1375: 1365:c 1876-1877, 1361: 1354: 1352: 1346:, after 1875, 1340: 1333: 1331: 1316: 1309: 1307: 1297: 1290: 1288: 1276: 1269: 1267: 1264:North Carolina 1250: 1243: 1241: 1227: 1220: 1218: 1204: 1197: 1195: 1191:Oakland Museum 1185: 1178: 1176: 1164: 1157: 1155: 1149: 1142: 1140: 1125: 1118: 1116: 1104: 1097: 1095: 1083: 1076: 1074: 1068: 1061: 1059: 1046: 1039: 1037: 1024: 1017: 1015: 1002: 995: 993: 979: 972: 970: 956: 949: 947: 937: 930: 926: 923: 922: 921: 915: 905: 889: 873: 863:Mount Corcoran 859: 843: 829: 815: 808: 795: 781: 770: 754: 740:In the Sierras 736: 722: 709: 695: 684: 673: 656: 641: 624: 610: 595: 581: 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Shelley 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4068:Mary Robinson 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3985: 3983: 3981: 3975: 3969: 3966: 3964: 3961: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3860: 3858: 3854: 3848: 3845: 3843: 3840: 3838: 3835: 3833: 3830: 3828: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3818: 3815: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3805: 3803: 3800: 3798: 3797:Chateaubriand 3795: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3784: 3782: 3780: 3776: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3710: 3707: 3705: 3702: 3701: 3699: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3686: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3674: 3670: 3668: 3665: 3663: 3660: 3658: 3655: 3653: 3650: 3648: 3645: 3643: 3640: 3638: 3635: 3633: 3630: 3628: 3627: 3626:Mal du siècle 3623: 3621: 3618: 3614: 3611: 3609: 3606: 3605: 3604: 3601: 3599: 3596: 3594: 3593: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3579: 3578: 3576: 3572: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3545: 3541: 3539: 3536: 3532: 3531: 3527: 3526: 3525: 3522: 3520: 3517: 3515: 3512: 3510: 3507: 3505: 3502: 3500: 3497: 3495: 3492: 3490: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3480: 3477: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3446: 3444: 3440: 3434: 3431: 3429: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3419: 3416: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3394: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3381: 3378: 3377: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3360: 3355: 3353: 3348: 3346: 3341: 3340: 3337: 3325: 3324: 3320: 3318: 3317: 3313: 3311: 3310: 3306: 3304: 3303: 3299: 3297: 3296: 3292: 3290: 3289: 3285: 3283: 3282: 3278: 3276: 3275: 3271: 3269: 3268: 3264: 3262: 3261: 3260:The Catskills 3257: 3255: 3254: 3250: 3249: 3247: 3243: 3237: 3234: 3232: 3229: 3227: 3224: 3222: 3219: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3197: 3194: 3192: 3189: 3187: 3184: 3182: 3179: 3177: 3174: 3172: 3169: 3167: 3164: 3163: 3161: 3157: 3151: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3141: 3138: 3136: 3135:Cooper Hewitt 3133: 3131: 3128: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3113: 3112: 3110: 3106: 3100: 3097: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3087: 3085: 3082: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3067: 3065: 3062: 3060: 3057: 3055: 3052: 3050: 3047: 3045: 3042: 3040: 3037: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3024:Evelina Mount 3022: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3005: 3002: 3000: 2997: 2995: 2994:George McCord 2992: 2990: 2987: 2985: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2975: 2972: 2970: 2969:David Johnson 2967: 2965: 2964:George Inness 2962: 2960: 2957: 2955: 2952: 2950: 2947: 2945: 2942: 2940: 2937: 2935: 2932: 2930: 2927: 2925: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2915: 2912: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2902: 2900: 2897: 2895: 2892: 2890: 2887: 2885: 2882: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2872: 2870: 2869:Samuel Colman 2867: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2852: 2850: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2837: 2835: 2832: 2830: 2827: 2825: 2822: 2820: 2817: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2802: 2800: 2799:Charles Baker 2797: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2788: 2782: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2764: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2747: 2742: 2740: 2735: 2733: 2728: 2727: 2724: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2704: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2689: 2688: 2686: 2682: 2675: 2674: 2670: 2667: 2666: 2662: 2659: 2658: 2654: 2651: 2650: 2646: 2643: 2642: 2638: 2635: 2634: 2630: 2627: 2626: 2622: 2619: 2618: 2614: 2611: 2610: 2606: 2603: 2602: 2598: 2595: 2594: 2590: 2587: 2586: 2582: 2579: 2578: 2574: 2571: 2570: 2566: 2563: 2562: 2558: 2556: 2555:List of works 2553: 2552: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2535: 2530: 2528: 2523: 2521: 2516: 2515: 2512: 2506: 2502: 2499: 2497: 2493: 2490: 2487: 2486: 2481: 2475: 2472: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2451: 2448: 2445: 2442: 2435: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2422: 2419: 2416: 2413: 2411: 2407: 2404: 2403: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2368:9780870994968 2364: 2359: 2358: 2352: 2349: 2345: 2344: 2339: 2336: 2335:0-691-09670-8 2332: 2328: 2324: 2321: 2317: 2316: 2296: 2290: 2274: 2268: 2261: 2257: 2255: 2247: 2231: 2225: 2209: 2205: 2199: 2183: 2179: 2173: 2157: 2153: 2147: 2131: 2127: 2121: 2105: 2101: 2095: 2079: 2075: 2069: 2053: 2047: 2039: 2033: 2017: 2011: 1996: 1990: 1982: 1978: 1972: 1956: 1950: 1934: 1930: 1924: 1908: 1904: 1898: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1864: 1858: 1857:9780870994975 1854: 1850: 1844: 1836: 1835: 1829: 1824: 1818: 1802: 1795: 1786: 1778: 1774: 1768: 1766: 1757: 1756:metmuseum.org 1753: 1747: 1739: 1733: 1729: 1722: 1720: 1712: 1707: 1705: 1703: 1701: 1699: 1697: 1695: 1693: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1669: 1667: 1665: 1656: 1655: 1649: 1641: 1634: 1629: 1621: 1617: 1616:"Artist Info" 1611: 1609: 1600: 1599: 1593: 1588: 1584: 1583:Wilson, J. G. 1578: 1576: 1574: 1565: 1563:9780195127812 1559: 1555: 1554: 1546: 1544: 1527: 1521: 1517: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1491:In 1998, the 1490: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1458: 1455: 1451: 1447: 1434: 1428: 1423: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1402: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1388: 1381: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1358: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1344: 1337: 1332: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1320: 1313: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1294: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1280: 1273: 1268: 1265: 1261: 1260:Winston-Salem 1257: 1253: 1252:Sierra Nevada 1247: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1224: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1201: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1182: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1168: 1161: 1156: 1152: 1146: 1141: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1129: 1122: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1108: 1101: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1087: 1080: 1075: 1071: 1065: 1060: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1043: 1038: 1035: 1034:New York City 1031: 1027: 1021: 1016: 1013: 1009: 1005: 999: 994: 990: 986: 982: 976: 971: 967: 963: 959: 953: 948: 945: 941: 934: 929: 928: 920: 916: 914: 910: 906: 904: 900: 896: 895: 890: 888: 884: 880: 879: 874: 872: 868: 864: 860: 858: 854: 850: 849: 844: 842: 838: 834: 830: 828: 824: 820: 816: 813: 809: 806: 802: 801: 796: 794: 790: 786: 782: 779: 775: 771: 769: 765: 761: 760: 755: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 735: 731: 727: 723: 720: 716: 715: 710: 708: 704: 700: 696: 693: 689: 685: 682: 678: 674: 671: 667: 663: 662: 657: 654: 650: 646: 642: 639: 638:New York City 635: 631: 630: 625: 623: 619: 618:Smith College 615: 611: 608: 604: 600: 596: 594: 590: 586: 582: 580: 576: 574: 570: 568: 564: 562: 558: 557: 555: 548:Existing work 545: 541: 536: 534: 530: 526: 515: 513: 509: 496: 492: 487: 483: 481: 475: 473: 469: 465: 461: 456: 454: 450: 441: 437: 435: 431: 427: 422: 419: 415: 414: 409: 405: 400: 398: 397: 388: 384: 380: 376: 374: 370: 365: 361: 357: 352: 350: 346: 342: 337: 335: 331: 327: 323: 319: 315: 314:land surveyor 311: 306: 304: 300: 296: 292: 288: 280: 276: 272: 266: 262: 258: 257: 252: 243: 240: 235: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 199: 197: 196: 191: 187: 183: 179: 175: 171: 166: 164: 160: 159:American West 156: 152: 144: 141: 137: 134: 133:List of works 131: 125: 121: 117: 114: 111: 107: 103: 99: 94: 93:New York City 84: 80: 76: 72: 68: 55: 51: 40: 34: 29: 22: 19: 5755: 5748: 5741: 5725: 5445:Porto-Alegre 5289: 5099:Philosophers 4983:Rachmaninoff 4432:Chavchavadze 4422:Baratashvili 4182:João de Deus 4151:Wincenty Pol 3943:Küchelbecker 3671: 3637:Noble savage 3624: 3590: 3565:Wallenrodism 3542: 3528: 3459:Coppet group 3393:(literature) 3321: 3314: 3307: 3300: 3293: 3286: 3281:The Icebergs 3279: 3272: 3265: 3258: 3251: 3216:Platte Clove 3069:Jesse Talbot 3019:Thomas Moran 2934:William Hart 2828: 2777:Victorianism 2671: 2663: 2660:(after 1875) 2655: 2647: 2639: 2631: 2623: 2615: 2607: 2599: 2591: 2583: 2575: 2567: 2559: 2540: 2505:Find a Grave 2483: 2376: 2356: 2342: 2326: 2319: 2299:. 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Brontë 3933:Jean Paul 3928:Hölderlin 3817:Lamartine 3754:Magalhães 3744:Guimarães 3652:Pantheism 3642:Nostalgia 3494:Indianism 3442:Movements 3373:Countries 3302:The Oxbow 3236:Hyde Park 3181:Ever Rest 3159:Locations 2760:Movements 2548:Paintings 1887:August 1, 1882:0362-4331 1587:Fiske, J. 1214:Cambridge 683:, Alabama 653:San Diego 109:Education 5762:Category 5578:Dahlhaus 5563:Blanning 5530:Scholars 5500:Tropinin 5495:Tidemand 5485:Stattler 5480:Scheffer 5380:Głowacki 5350:Edelfelt 5305:Bryullov 5247:Snellman 5222:Schiller 5212:Rousseau 5192:Michelet 5137:Constant 5107:Belinsky 5080:Sibelius 5024:Konjović 4998:Scriabin 4968:Lyapunov 4902:Lipiński 4871:Spontini 4861:Paganini 4805:Goldmark 4596:Thalberg 4591:Schubert 4571:Bruckner 4532:Topelius 4522:Runeberg 4512:Prešeren 4482:Leopardi 4447:Frashëri 4437:Eminescu 4417:Andersen 4325:Tyutchev 4310:Karamzin 4284:Zorrilla 4279:Saavedra 4177:Castilho 4165:Portugal 4156:Słowacki 4058:Polidori 3988:Barbauld 3923:Hoffmann 3878:Brentano 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Index


Napoleon Sarony
Solingen
Rhine Province
Prussia
New York City
Düsseldorf School
List of works
Hudson River School
German American
American West
Westward Expansion
Prussia
Düsseldorf
Hudson River School
New York
Hudson River
romantic
luminism
Solingen
Rhine Province
Prussia
Edward Bierstadt
Charles Bierstadt
New Bedford, Massachusetts
crayon
Germany

Among the Sierra Nevada, California
Smithsonian American Art Museum

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