389:, and announced that all non-Communist parties would be allowed to compete. He intended to use this as a tool to purge the militants. This was a remarkable turn in a country where the opposition had been barely tolerated for much of its history, particularly during Stroessner's rule. Indeed, at the time of the coup, the country had only known two years of pluralism in its entire history. A presidential election for the balance of Stroessner's term was also on the same day as the congressional elections. The constitution required new elections within 90 days of a president resigning less than two years into his term, with the winner serving the unexpired portion of the term. Rodríguez ran as the Colorado candidate and was elected with 76 percent of the vote in what was the closest thing the country had seen to a free and fair election up to that time.
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320:. This element of the party had supported Stroessner throughout his three-decade rule, but had come to favor a more humane way of governing. Matters came to a head in January 1989, when Stroessner relieved several generals of their commands and replaced them with men thought to be unquestionably loyal to him. Later that month, in what was viewed as a direct strike at Rodríguez, Stroessner closed all of the country's currency exchanges. On February 2, Stroessner summoned his former ally and gave him an
370:, freed political prisoners, and tried to imprison some leading members of the Stroessner government. He formally canceled the state of siege that had been in place for virtually all of Stroessner's rule; while it had nominally been repealed in 1987, its substance had remained in place in the form of draconian security laws and close restrictions on press freedom (opposition leaders had been arrested, and the Colorados had been the only party that had been allowed to campaign unmolested in the
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evidence of a lack of confidence in his word, and boycotted the inauguration ceremony. Fears of a coup were only allayed when he signed the new constitution into law on June 22. He stepped down as president on August 15, 1993, the first
Paraguayan president in decades to leave office at the end of his term. He was succeeded by
343:. With this support, the coup quickly succeeded, with Stroessner resigning only hours after hostilities began. However, some 500 soldiers on both sides are believed to have died as a consequence of Stroessner's capture. He was released and fled into exile a few days later, eventually taking refuge in Brazil.
305:'s closest confidant for 35 years. The two became so close that Rodríguez' daughter married Stroessner's elder son. Under Stroessner's rule, Rodríguez became one of the richest men in Paraguay. Despite only earning the equivalent of $ 500 per month, he owned the nation's largest brewery, a chain of
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On June 20, 1992, Paraguay adopted a new constitution. It limited the president to a single five-year term, with no possibility of reelection. The ban on reelection retroactively applied to Rodríguez, even though he had promised that he would not run for a full term. Rodríguez called this provision
362:
At the time, Paraguay did not have a vice president. Per the
Constitution, if a president died, resigned, or became permanently disabled, a provisional president was to be chosen by Congress and the Council of State within 24 hours. Accordingly, Congress and the Council of State met soon after the
328:(which would have effectively been a demotion) or retire. It was reported that Rodríguez avoided the reunion (and attempted to quell rumors of him planning a coup) by faking a leg injury, going as far as having a fake cast put on one of his legs.
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on
February 9 under a provision in the 1967 constitution that allowed the president to dissolve the legislature if he felt it had acted in a manner that distorted the constitutional separation of powers. He issued a decree setting
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However, relations between the two grew increasingly strained in the late 1980s. As the decade wore on, Rodríguez cultivated ties with the "traditionalists" in the long-dominant
377:
Over the course of the following week, the military was purged of
Stroessner's loyalists, and the commanders of the six rebellious army divisions were promoted to replace them.
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Upon taking office, Rodríguez canceled most of
Stroessner's most repressive measures, which came as a surprise given his previous closeness to Stroessner. He abolished the
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told reporters that Rodríguez had begun planning the coup toward the end of
December 1988. Ynsfrán had served as interior minister during the most repressive phase of the
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that continuing the relationship with ROC, and thus keeping Taiwan's development assistance and access to Taiwan's markets, would be more advantageous for
Paraguay.
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Rodríguez gave his answer on the night of
February 2 when he launched a violent coup. Rebel troops and tanks surrounded the headquarters of the Presidential Guard in
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Thomas C. Bruneau (December 1988). "Constitutional
Development". In Hanratty, Dannin; Meditz, Sandra W. (eds.).
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but had switched to supporting Rodríguez and now favored a less heavy-handed approach.
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and of the United States, who no longer required Stroessner as an ally in the
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Hanratty, Dannin; Meditz, Sandra W., eds. (December 1988). "Introduction".
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
537:[Rodriguez's fake cast and other anecdotes of the coup].
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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A couple of weeks following the coup, former interior minister
469:"Andres Rodriguez Dies at 72; Overthrew Paraguay Dictator"
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Counterrevolution in China: Wang Sheng and the Kuomintang
417:, who like Rodríguez was a member of the Colorado Party.
535:"El falso yeso de Rodríguez y otras anécdotas del golpe"
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coup and designated Rodríguez as provisional president.
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from February 3, 1989, to August 15, 1993. He led the
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company, a copper wire company, and several ranches.
380:As provisional president, Rodríguez dissolved the
374:). He also welcomed back several longtime exiles.
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556:"Alfredo Stroessner; Paraguayan Dictator"
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449:[The shadow of the Stroessners].
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66:Andrés Rodríguez's presidential portrait
267:(June 19, 1923 – April 21, 1997) was a
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42:President of Paraguay from 1989-1993
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576:Library of Congress Country Studies
554:Bernstein, Adam (August 17, 2006).
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90:February 3, 1989 – August 15, 1993
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543:(in Spanish). 3 February 2019.
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1184:People from Guairá Department
447:"La sombra de los Stroessner"
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645:Partial view on Google Books
27:, the first or paternal
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297:1989 Paraguayan coup d'état
285:Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda
93:Provisional to May 15, 1989
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283:, against the dictator
632:. London: Frank Cass.
190:Nelly Reig Castellanos
703:President of Paraguay
453:(in Spanish). Madrid.
408:End of rule and death
337:Roman Catholic Church
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235:Years of service
78:President of Paraguay
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16:For other uses, see
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415:Juan Carlos Wasmosy
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696:Alfredo Stroessner
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303:Alfredo Stroessner
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540:Última Hora
254:(1970–1992)
100:Preceded by
1168:Categories
1080:Stroessner
838:Jovellanos
815:F.S. López
810:C.A. López
707:1989–1992
432:References
402:Wang Sheng
358:Presidency
295:See also:
273:politician
152:, Paraguay
142:1923-06-19
1118:F. Franco
1085:Rodríguez
1023:R. Franco
969:M. Franco
883:Egusquiza
861:Caballero
352:Stronato,
322:ultimatum
238:1946–1992
86:In office
33:Rodríguez
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964:Schaerer
919:Ferreira
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615:89600299
521:89600299
341:Cold War
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275:, being
212:Children
178:Colorado
23:In this
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573:History
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37:Pedotti
29:surname
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