45:
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1938:
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2112:, if Mikawa had elected to risk his ships to go after the Allied transports on the morning of 9 August, he could have improved the chances of Japanese victory in the Guadalcanal campaign at its inception, and the course of the war in the southern Pacific could have gone much differently. Although the Allied warships at Guadalcanal that night were completely routed, the transports were unaffected. Many of these same transports were later used many times to bring crucial supplies and reinforcements to Allied forces on Guadalcanal over succeeding months. Mikawa's decision not to destroy the Allied transport ships when he had the opportunity proved to be a crucial strategic mistake for the Japanese.
1079:, conduct extra reconnaissance missions over The Slot in the afternoon of 8 August. But for unexplained reasons McCain did not order the missions nor did he tell Turner that they were not carried out. Thus, Turner mistakenly believed that The Slot was under Allied observation throughout the day. However, McCain cannot totally bear fault as his patrol craft were few in number and operated over a vast area at the extreme limit of their endurance. Turner had fifteen scouting planes of the cruiser force, which were never used that afternoon and remained on the decks of their cruisers, filled with gasoline and serving as an explosive hazard to the cruisers.
1247:
lead of the southern group of ships, the customary place for the senior ship, and went back to sleep. At the conference, Turner, Crutchley, and
Vandegrift discussed the reports of the "seaplane tender" force reported by the Australian Hudson crew earlier that day. They decided that it would not be a threat that night, because seaplane tenders did not normally engage in a surface action. Vandegrift said that he would need to inspect the transport unloading situation at Tulagi before recommending a withdrawal time for the transport ships, and he departed at midnight to conduct the inspection. Crutchley elected not to return with
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and still function. During the battle, many ship fires were attributed to aviation facilities filled with gas, oil, and planes. Motorboats were filled with gasoline and also caught fire. In some cases, these facilities were dead amidships, presenting a perfect target for enemy ships at night. Ready-service lockers (lockers containing ammunition that is armed and ready for use) added to the destruction, and it was noted that the lockers were never close to being depleted, i.e., they contained much more dangerous ammunition than they needed to. A focus was put on removing or minimizing flammable amidship materials. Admiral
205:
158:
143:
2161:"The Navy was still obsessed with a strong feeling of technical and mental superiority over the enemy. In spite of ample evidence as to enemy capabilities, most of our officers and men despised the enemy and felt themselves sure victors in all encounters under any circumstances. The net result of all this was a fatal lethargy of mind which induced a confidence without readiness, and a routine acceptance of outworn peacetime standards of conduct. I believe that this psychological factor, as a cause of our defeat, was even more important than the element of surprise."
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2502:, writes that: "For nearly 40 years the sailors held their grief for the loss of 389 shipmates – and an underserved shame for this overwhelming loss." However, because of the Freedom of Information Act, historians were able to discover the truth concerning "The Battle of Savo Island." Galvin writes that what precipitated the defeat was Fletcher leaving the area and not assigning anyone to be in charge. Additionally, Australian allies who knew of the approaching Japanese warships failed to inform the Americans
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him I found out that the
Captain, who at that time was laying near the wheel, had instructed him to beach the ship and he was trying to head for Savo Island, distant some four miles (6 km) on the port quarter. I stepped to the port side of the Pilot House, and looked out to find the island and noted that the ship was heeling rapidly to port, sinking by the bow. At that instant the Captain straightened up and fell back, apparently dead, without having uttered any sound other than a moan.
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contend that
Fletcher's fuel situation was not at all critical but that Fletcher used it to justify his withdrawal from the battle area. Fletcher's biographer notes that Fletcher concluded that the landing was a success and that no important targets for close air support were at hand. Turner, however, believed that Fletcher understood that he was to provide air cover until all the transports were unloaded on 9 August.
2383:. Loxton calls the claims by Morison, Dull, Richard Newcomb, and other historians that the first Hudson crew made no attempt to radio their sighting report, routinely and leisurely completed their patrol, and then "had tea" before submitting their report at Milne Bay, an "outrageous rumor" and "calumny" that is at odds with what he found in his research.
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withdrawn beyond operational range. This missed opportunity to cripple (rather than interrupt) the supply of Allied forces on
Guadalcanal contributed to Japan's failure to recapture the island. At this critical early stage of the campaign, it allowed the Allied forces to entrench and fortify themselves sufficiently to defend the area around
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Guadalcanal. He communicated the following battle plan to his warships: "On the rush-in we will go from S. (south) of Savo Island and torpedo the enemy main force in front of
Guadalcanal anchorage; after which we will turn toward the Tulagi forward area to shell and torpedo the enemy. We will then withdraw north of Savo Island."
1513:, causing slight damage. Bode did not try to assert control over any of the other Allied ships in the southern force, of which he was still technically in command. More significantly, Bode made no attempt to warn any of the other Allied ships or personnel in the Guadalcanal area as his ship headed away from the battle area.
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the fire control radar, but the timing of the last pre-engagement sweep was too early to detect the approaching
Japanese cruisers. Wary of the potential threat from Japanese submarines to the transport ships, Crutchley placed his remaining seven destroyers as close-in protection around the two transport anchorages.
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Guadalcanal. He was unaware that the U.S. carriers had withdrawn from the battle area and would not be a threat the next day. Although several of Mikawa's staff urged an attack on the Allied transports, the consensus was to withdraw from the battle area. Therefore, at 02:20, Mikawa ordered his ships to retire.
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When I reached the bridge level, I found it a shambles of dead bodies with only three or four people still standing. In the Pilot House itself the only person standing was the signalman at the wheel who was vainly endeavoring to check the ship's swing to starboard to bring her to port. On questioning
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The crews of the Allied ships were fatigued after two days of constant alert and action in supporting the landings. Also, the weather was extremely hot and humid, inducing further fatigue and, in
Morison's words, "inviting weary sailors to slackness." In response, most of Crutchley's warships went to
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wrote in his 1949 account that the RAAF Hudson's crew failed to report the sighting until after they had landed and even had tea. This claim made international headlines and was repeated by many subsequent historians. Later research has discredited this version of events, and in 2014, the U.S. Navy's
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The
Japanese Navy had trained extensively in night-fighting tactics before the war, a fact of which the Allies were unaware. Mikawa hoped to engage the Allied naval forces off Guadalcanal and Tulagi on the night of 8–9 August when he could employ his night-battle expertise while avoiding attacks from
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The report of the inquiry caused the U.S. Navy to make many operational and structural changes. All the earlier models of U.S. Navy cruisers were retrofitted with emergency diesel-electric generators. The fire mains of the ships were changed to a vertical loop design that could be broken many times
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to assist the cruiser in fighting her fires. By 05:00, it appeared that the fires were almost under control, but Turner, who at this time intended to withdraw all Allied ships by 06:30, ordered the ship to be scuttled if she was not able to accompany the fleet. After the survivors were removed, the
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s warning of threatening ships entering the area, it took some time for the crews to go from
Condition II to full alert. At 01:44, the Japanese cruisers began firing torpedoes at the northern force. At 01:50, they aimed powerful searchlights at the three northern cruisers and opened fire with their
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s
Captain Bode ordered his ship's radar to be used only intermittently out of concern that it would reveal his position, a decision that conformed with general Navy radar usage guidelines but which may have been incorrect in this specific circumstance. He allowed a single sweep every half hour with
715:
The battle was the first of five costly, large-scale sea and air-sea actions fought in support of the ground battles on Guadalcanal, as the Japanese sought to counter the American offensive in the Pacific. These sea battles took place after increasing delays by each side to regroup and refit, until
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After the initial engagement, Mikawa, fearing Allied carrier strikes against his fleet in daylight, decided to withdraw under cover of night rather than attempt to locate and destroy the Allied invasion transports. The Japanese attacks prompted the remaining Allied warships and the amphibious force
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The misidentification of two of Mikawa's cruisers as seaplane tenders by the first Hudson may have been because of the wide dispersal of the Japanese warships; also, the Hudson's crew sighted a floatplane returning. The first Hudson's report was not received by radio because the Fall River station
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signaled a congratulatory note to Mikawa on his victory, stating, "Appreciate the courageous and hard fighting of every man of your organization. I expect you to expand your exploits and you will make every effort to support the land forces of the Imperial army which are now engaged in a desperate
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was less than 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) away from Mikawa's force, she reversed course, having reached the end of her patrol track, and steamed away, apparently oblivious to the long column of large Japanese ships sailing by her. Seeing that his ships were still undetected, Mikawa turned back to a
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southeast of Bougainville. At that time, several surviving Japanese aircraft from the noon torpedo raid on the Allied ships off the coast of Guadalcanal flew over the cruisers on the way back to Rabaul and gave them waves of encouragement. Mikawa entered The Slot by 16:00 and began his run towards
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for six hours on the morning of 8 August to avoid daytime air attacks during its final approach to Guadalcanal. Mikawa proceeded along the dangerous New Georgia Sound (known as "The Slot"), hoping that no Allied plane would see them in the fading light. The Japanese fleet was in fact sighted in St
707:
Mikawa's decision to withdraw under cover of night rather than attempt to destroy the Allied invasion transports was primarily founded on concern over possible Allied carrier strikes against his fleet in daylight. In reality, the Allied carrier fleet, similarly fearing Japanese attack, had already
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As Mikawa's force neared the Guadalcanal area, the Japanese ships launched three floatplanes for one final reconnaissance of the Allied ships, and to provide illumination by dropping flares during the upcoming battle. Although several of the Allied ships heard and/or observed one or more of these
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to attend the conference, leaving Bode in charge of the southern group. Crutchley did not inform the commanders of the other cruiser groups of his absence, contributing further to the dissolution of command arrangements. Bode, awakened from sleep in his cabin, decided not to place his ship in the
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in New Guinea. The Hudson's crew tried to report the sighting to the Allied radio station at Fall River, New Guinea. Receiving no acknowledgment, they returned to Milne Bay at 12:42 to ensure that the report was received as soon as possible. The second Hudson also failed to report its sighting by
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for failing to broadcast a warning to the fleet of encroaching enemy ships. The report stopped short of recommending formal action against other Allied officers, including Admirals Fletcher, Turner, McCain, and Crutchley, and Captain Riefkohl. The careers of Turner, Crutchley, and McCain do not
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When Mikawa's ships attacked the Allied southern force, the captains of all three U.S. northern force cruisers were asleep, with their ships steaming quietly at 10 knots (19 km/h). Although crewmen on all three ships observed flares or gunfire from the battle south of Savo or else received
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Concerned over the losses to his carrier fighter aircraft strength, anxious about the threat to his carriers from further Japanese air attacks, and worried about his ships' fuel levels, Fletcher announced that he would withdraw his carrier task forces on the evening of 8 August. Some historians
1919:
At 02:16 Mikawa conferred with his staff about whether they should turn to continue the battle with the surviving Allied warships and try to sink the Allied transports in the two anchorages. Several factors influenced his ultimate decision. His ships were scattered and would take some time to
680:, but only five cruisers and seven destroyers were involved in the battle. In a night action, Mikawa thoroughly surprised and routed the Allied force, sinking one Australian and three American cruisers, while suffering only light damage in return. Rear Admiral Samuel J. Cox, director of the
1923:
More importantly, Mikawa had no air cover and believed that U.S. aircraft carriers were in the area. Mikawa was probably aware that the Japanese Navy had no more heavy cruisers in production and thus would be unable to replace any he might lose to air attack the next day if he remained near
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on Bougainville radioed a warning of a Japanese airstrike on the way from Rabaul. The Allied transport crews ceased unloading for a time but were puzzled when the airstrike did not materialize. Allied forces did not discover until after the war was over that this Japanese airstrike instead
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struggled to see the Japanese ships. Both destroyers briefly fired at Mikawa's cruisers but caused no damage and received no damage to themselves. At 02:16, the Japanese columns ceased fire on the northern Allied force as they moved out of range around the north side of Savo Island.
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Historian Frank adds that "This lethargy of mind would not be completely shaken off without some more hard blows to (U.S.) Navy pride around Guadalcanal, but after Savo, the United States picked itself up off the deck and prepared for the most savage combat in its history."
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floatplanes, starting at 23:45, none of them interpreted the presence of unknown aircraft in the area as an actionable threat, and no one reported the sightings to Crutchley or Turner. Mikawa's force approached in a single 3-kilometer (1.9 mi) column led by
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A formal United States Navy board of inquiry, known as the Hepburn Investigation, prepared a report of the battle. The board interviewed most of the major Allied officers involved over several months, beginning in December 1942. The report recommended official
1642:
s captain, awakened to find his ship in action, rushed to the bridge and ordered a ceasefire, fearful that his ship might be firing on friendly forces. As shells continued to cascade around his ship, the captain ordered firing resumed less than a minute later.
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detached from the Japanese column and reversed direction, perhaps because she lost sight of the other Japanese ships ahead of her, or perhaps she was ordered to provide a rearguard for Mikawa's force. One minute later, Japanese lookouts sighted a warship to
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appear to have been affected by the defeat or the mistakes they made in contributing to it. Riefkohl never commanded ships again. Bode, upon learning that the report was going to be especially critical of his actions, shot himself in his quarters at
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regroup. His ships would need to reload their torpedo tubes, a labor-intensive task that would take some time. Mikawa also did not know the number and locations of any remaining Allied warships, and his ships had expended much of their ammunition.
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Even though the unloading was going more slowly than planned, Turner decided that without carrier air cover, he would have to withdraw his ships from Guadalcanal. He planned to unload as much as possible during the night and depart the next day.
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could fire any of her guns or communicate a warning to other Allied ships. The cruiser glided to a stop, on fire, with a 5- to 10-degree list to starboard, and unable to fight the fires or pump out flooded compartments because of lack of power.
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headquartered at Rabaul, loaded 519 naval troops on two transports and sent them towards Guadalcanal on 7 August. When the Japanese learned that Allied forces at Guadalcanal were stronger than originally reported, the transports were recalled.
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course south of Savo Island and increased speed, first to 26 knots (48 km/h), and then to 30 knots (56 km/h). At 01:25, Mikawa released his ships to operate independently of his flagship, and at 01:31 he ordered "Every ship attack."
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guarded the eastern entrances to the sound between Florida and Guadalcanal Islands. Crutchley placed two radar-equipped U.S. destroyers to the west of Savo Island to provide early warning for any approaching Japanese ships. The destroyer
2680:
Thus ended one of the most ignominious defeats in U.S. Navy history, although technically Wright and TF-67 succeeded in their mission, since none of the supplies from Tanaka's destroyers made it ashore to starving Japanese troops on
808:'s screening force of eight cruisers, fifteen destroyers, and five minesweepers. This force was to protect Turner's ships and provide gunfire support for the landings. Crutchley commanded his force of mostly American ships from his
673:(also known as "The Slot") with the intention of interrupting the Allied landings by attacking the supporting amphibious fleet and its screening force. The Allied screen consisted of eight cruisers and fifteen destroyers under
1034:
alerted the fleet. Once at Bougainville, Mikawa spread his ships out over a wide area to mask the composition of his force and launched four floatplanes from his cruisers to scout for Allied ships in the southern Solomons.
1986:
Later in the morning, Vandegrift advised Turner that he needed more supplies unloaded from the transports before they withdrew. Therefore, Turner postponed the withdrawal of his ships until mid-afternoon. In the meantime,
2104:
and any available aircraft carriers flew covering missions. During this time, Allied forces on Guadalcanal received barely enough ammunition and provisions to withstand the several Japanese drives to retake the islands.
2095:
From the time of the battle until several months later, almost all Allied supplies and reinforcements sent to Guadalcanal came by transports in small convoys, mainly during daylight hours, while Allied aircraft from the
2013:
south of Guadalcanal, sinking her with all hands. The Allied transports and warships all departed the Guadalcanal area by nightfall on 9 August. During the naval surface battle of Savo Island, three U.S. heavy cruisers,
1005:
Approach route of Mikawa's force from Rabaul and Kavieng (upper left), pausing off the east coast of Bougainville (center) and then traveling down The Slot to attack Allied naval forces off Guadalcanal and Tulagi (lower
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in front of them, came alert and awakened Captain Bode. Bode ordered his 5 in (127 mm) guns to fire star shells towards the Japanese column, but the shells did not function. At 01:47, a torpedo, probably from
833:, and the airfield under construction on Guadalcanal by nightfall on 8 August. On 7–8 August Japanese aircraft based at Rabaul attacked the Allied amphibious forces several times, setting afire the U.S. transport ship
696:
to withdraw earlier than planned (before unloading all supplies), temporarily ceding control of the seas around Guadalcanal to the Japanese. This early withdrawal of the fleet left the Allied ground forces (primarily
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radio but completed its patrol and landed at Milne Bay at 15:00. For unknown reasons, these reports were not relayed to the Allied fleet off Guadalcanal until 18:45 and 21:30, respectively. U.S. official historian
7136:
2379:
was shut down at that time for an air raid alert. When the second Hudson tried to radio its sighting of Mikawa's force, Fall River refused to receive the report and rebuked the Hudson's crew for breaking
1303:, Mikawa changed course to pass north of Savo Island. He also ordered his ships to slow to 22 knots (41 km/h) to reduce wakes that might make his ships more visible. Mikawa's lookouts spied either
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shipping routes between the U.S. and Australia. The Allies also wanted to use the islands as launching points for a campaign to recapture the Solomons, isolate or capture the major Japanese base at
7141:
2703:
1815:
also sighted the aerial flares to the south, and furthermore, actually sighted gunfire from the southern engagement. At 01:50, when the U.S. cruisers were illuminated by the Japanese searchlights,
1056:
Naval History and Heritage Command acknowledged in a letter to the Hudson's radio operator, who had lobbied for decades to clear his crewmates' name, that Morison's criticisms were "unwarranted."
1505:
s bow, sending a shock wave throughout the ship that damaged the main battery director. A second torpedo hit but failed to explode, and a shell hit the cruiser's mainmast, killing two crewmen.
1059:
Mikawa's floatplanes returned around 12:00 and reported two groups of Allied ships, one off Guadalcanal and the other off Tulagi. By 13:00, he reassembled his warships and headed south through
1509:
steamed west for 40 minutes,leaving behind the transports she was assigned to protect. The cruiser fired her secondary batteries at the trailing ships in the Japanese column and may have hit
1251:
to the southern force but instead stationed his ship just outside the Guadalcanal transport anchorage, without informing the other Allied ship commanders of his intentions or location.
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2341:
Japanese night battle preparations included the use of lookouts intensively trained for night operations, specially designed optical devices for nighttime observation, the long-range
1367:
was aware of the Japanese ships passing by, she did not respond in any noticeable way and was torpedoed and sunk the following day by aircraft from Rabaul. There were no survivors.
880:
Unprepared for the Allied operation at Guadalcanal, the initial Japanese response included airstrikes and an attempted reinforcement. Mikawa, commander of the newly formed Japanese
1090:
To protect the unloading transports during the night, Crutchley divided the Allied warship forces into three groups. A "southern" group, consisting of the Australian cruisers HMAS
1165:, conducted a box-shaped patrol between the Tulagi anchorage and Savo Island to defend the passage between Savo and Florida Islands. An "eastern" group consisting of the cruisers
1465:
took up to 24 large-caliber hits. Early hits killed her gunnery officer, mortally wounded Getting, and destroyed both boiler rooms, knocking out power to the entire ship before
1758:
s chart room 6 meters (20 ft) from Admiral Mikawa and killed or wounded 36 men, although Mikawa was not injured. At 02:10, incoming shells killed or wounded almost all of
367:
2238:
with 71 personnel killed, this loss is usually considered a separate action from the battle. All of the other damage inflicted on the Japanese cruisers was repaired locally
716:
the 30 November 1942 Battle of Tassafaronga—after which the Japanese, eschewing the costly losses, attempted resupplying by submarine and barges. The final naval battle, the
1395:
s crew was alert because the destroyer's captain had taken seriously the earlier daytime sightings of Japanese warships and evening sightings of unknown aircraft. At 01:43,
1374:, the Japanese lookouts sighted the Allied destroyers and cruisers of the southern force about 12,500 meters (13,700 yd) away, silhouetted by the glow from the burning
2087:
struggle." Later on, though, when it became apparent that Mikawa had missed an opportunity to destroy the Allied transports, he was intensely criticised by his comrades.
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5396:
7146:
4997:
2659:
the naval battles around Guadalcanal were bookended with two of the worst defeats in U.S. naval history (Savo Island and Tassafaronga), eclipsed only by Pearl Harbor.
7002:
5013:
1227:"Condition II" the night of 8 August, which meant that half the crews were on duty while the other half rested, either in their bunks or near their battle stations.
2463:
s captain's exact words upon arriving on the bridge were, "Topper, I think we are firing on our own ships. Let's not get excited and act too hasty! Cease firing!"
1547:, circled completely around to port before firing torpedoes in the general direction of the rapidly disappearing Japanese column; one or two of which may have hit
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2671:
4936:
4908:
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2108:
Despite their defeat in this battle, the Allies eventually won the battle for Guadalcanal, an important step in the defeat of Japan. In hindsight, according to
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spent the next 6 months in drydock, returned to Guadalcanal in late January 1943 and was promptly finished off for good in the campaign's last engagement: the
700:), which had landed on Guadalcanal and nearby islands only two days before, in a precarious situation with limited supplies, equipment, and food to hold their
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to discuss the departure of Fletcher's carriers and the resulting withdrawal schedule for the transport ships. At 20:55, Crutchley left the southern group in
5963:
5326:
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turned to face this new threat, and the rest of the Japanese column followed, while still preparing to engage the Allied southern force ships with gunfire.
4969:
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upon sighting the flares south of Savo, around 01:49. At 01:52, shortly after the Japanese searchlights came on and shells began falling around the ship,
1403:, 5,000 meters (5,500 yd) dead ahead and immediately sent a warning by radio and signal lamp: "Warning! Warning! Strange ships entering the harbor!"
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The Battle of Savo Island: The Harrowing Account of the Disastrous Night Battle Off Guadalcanal that Nearly Destroyed the Pacific Fleet in August 1942
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1378:. At about 01:38, the Japanese cruisers began launching salvos of torpedoes at the Allied southern force ships. At this same time, lookouts on
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110 kilometers (68 mi) from her destination. The other three Japanese cruisers picked up all but 71 of her crew and went on to Kavieng.
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44:
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2174:, the commander in chief of the United States Fleet, ordered sweeping changes to be made before ships entered surface combat in the future.
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before exiting the battle area to the west with the intention of eventually rejoining the Japanese column north and west of Savo Island.
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towards the Japanese column. Her captain ordered a torpedo attack, but his order was not heard over the noise from the destroyer's guns.
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5489:
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was sunk by Japanese aircraft, and is not counted as a casualty of the Battle of Savo Island, even though it happened at the same time.
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was sunk later on August 9 with the loss of her entire crew of 233; this loss is usually considered a separate action from the battle.
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commanded the amphibious fleet that delivered the 16,000 Allied troops to Guadalcanal and Tulagi. Also under Turner was Rear Admiral
322:
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Mikawa also assembled all the available warships in the area to attack the Allied forces at Guadalcanal. At Rabaul were the heavy
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s gunnery officer replied to this command with, "For God's sake give the word to commence firing!" The captain, after witnessing
1238:
In the evening, Turner called a conference on his command ship off Guadalcanal with Crutchley and Marine commander Major General
1438:
between the Japanese and the Allied transports, and for her guns to train out and fire at any targets that could be sighted. As
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patrolled the southern passage, with a gap of 12–30 kilometers (7.5–18.6 mi) between their uncoordinated patrol patterns.
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2345:, use of battleship and cruiser-carried floatplanes to drop flares, and frequent and realistic fleet night-training exercises
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s warning, and had just sounded general quarters and was coming alert when the searchlights from the Japanese column came on.
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Dull says the time was 00:44, Loxton 00:53 (1997, p. 171), Morison 00:54 (1958, p. 35), and Frank says 00:50 (1990, p. 103).
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863:(center left) protects three Allied transport ships (background and center right) unloading troops and supplies at Tulagi
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Japanese artwork from during the war depicts the destruction of three U.S. cruisers by Japanese warships at Savo Island
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s fourth salvo straddle his ship, declared, "Whether our ships or not, we will have to stop them. Commence firing!"
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Lost at Guadalcanal: The Final Battles of the Astoria and Chicago as Described by Survivors and in Official Reports
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came to a halt, burning "everywhere" and listing to port. At 02:16, Riefkohl ordered the crew to abandon ship, and
846:. In these air attacks, the Japanese lost 36 aircraft, while the U.S. lost 19 aircraft, including 14 carrier-based
394:
279:
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with the loss of 373 personnel. This loss is usually regarded as a separate action from the Battle of Savo Island
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released the four cruisers of Cruiser Division 6 to return to their home base at Kavieng. At 08:10 on 10 August,
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4375:
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3999:
3884:
3123:"Honours and awards: Victor Alexander Charles Crutchley – United States Chief Commander of the Legion of Merit"
2405:
later sighted a "Japanese auxiliary schooner" in that same area but gives no supporting evidence for why he or
853:
532:
384:
7018:
6951:
6902:
6833:
6658:
6164:
6115:
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5872:
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2101:
834:
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4780:
4458:
4244:
4237:
4221:
3932:
3891:
3863:
1343:, heavily damaged the day before and departing Guadalcanal independently for repairs in Australia. Whether
1418:
sighted the Japanese ships and went into action, Japanese floatplanes dropped aerial flares directly over
978:
Allied aircraft, which could not operate effectively at night. Mikawa's warships rendezvoused at sea near
7176:
7055:
6379:
6331:
5949:
5921:
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5389:
5368:
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3052:
https://www.history.navy.mil/about-us/leadership/director/directors-corner/h-grams/h-gram-009/h009-1.html
2191:
1215:, such as the effectiveness of the radar could be greatly degraded by the presence of nearby landmasses.
996:
547:
399:
342:
1739:
s captain ordered his cruiser to charge towards the eastern Japanese column, but as she turned to do so
7121:
6853:
6349:
6268:
6213:
6101:
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5707:
5333:
5257:
5152:
5029:
4901:
4894:
4854:
4827:
4559:
4492:
4087:
3898:
3828:
1039:
697:
623:
naval forces. The battle took place on 8–9 August 1942 and was the first major naval engagement of the
347:
337:
1535:
then lost sight of the Japanese column as it headed northeast along the eastern shore of Savo Island.
912:
902:
896:
6755:
6672:
6457:
6317:
6289:
6122:
6027:
5817:
5250:
4317:
3971:
3415:
1716:
s captain gave the order to commence firing, but the gun crews were not ready. Within a few minutes,
1071:
Mikawa's run down The Slot was not detected by Allied forces. Turner had requested that U.S. Admiral
963:
951:
4515:
1776:
s assistant gunnery officer, sent to the bridge to ask for instructions, reported on what he found:
1082:
763:
that was being constructed on Guadalcanal. If Japanese air and sea forces were allowed to establish
744:
6494:
6471:
5723:
5524:
5517:
5174:
4834:
4806:
4799:
4186:
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1859:
causing moderate damage to her steering engines. The rest of the Japanese ships also fired and hit
717:
604:
554:
459:
416:
389:
4531:
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6590:
6275:
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5298:
5159:
5129:
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4820:
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4752:
4734:
4398:
4179:
3907:
3856:
3742:
1832:
1671:, destroying the cruiser's engine room and bringing the flaming ship to a halt. At 02:16, one of
1311:
of unknown nationality. The Japanese ships held their course while pointing more than 50 guns at
3078:
7171:
7166:
6608:
6501:
6303:
6254:
6157:
6050:
6020:
5803:
5691:
5417:
5208:
4792:
4773:
4743:
4290:
4260:
3573:
Carrier Clash: The Invasion of Guadalcanal & The Battle of the Eastern Solomons August 1942
3314:
2198:
1966:
1109:
957:
764:
689:
685:
620:
616:
404:
3297:
2620:
1211:
At this time, the Allies were unaware of all of the limitations of their primitive ship-borne
1030:, lying in ambush. She was too close to fire torpedoes, but her captain, Lieutenant Commander
786:
The overall commander of Allied naval forces in the Guadalcanal and Tulagi operation was U.S.
720:, took place months later on 29–30 January 1943, by which time the Japanese were preparing to
7099:
6822:
6665:
6561:
6531:
6487:
6227:
6192:
6185:
6108:
6006:
5447:
5424:
5271:
4875:
4412:
4152:
4138:
3821:
3653:
3342:
2027:
1692:
s forward turrets, putting the turret out of action and causing moderate damage to the ship.
1187:
1131:
969:
945:
755:
in the eastern Solomon Islands. The landings were meant to deny their use to the Japanese as
542:
4710:
3787:
1287:
following. Sometime between 00:44 and 00:54 on 9 August, lookouts in Mikawa's ships spotted
825:
The Allied landings took the Japanese by surprise. The Allies secured Tulagi, nearby islets
6923:
6778:
6429:
6386:
6356:
6282:
6092:
6071:
4990:
4467:
4145:
3407:
2698:
1835:, ordered an increase of speed to 25 knots (46 km/h), but at 01:55 two torpedoes from
1239:
1180:
1166:
1052:
816:
738:
666:
624:
520:
483:
327:
303:
3722:
3371:
First Team and the Guadalcanal Campaign: Naval Fighter Combat from August to November 1942
1382:
spotted the ships of the Allied northern force at a range of 16 kilometers (9.9 mi).
8:
7041:
6815:
6693:
6649:
6171:
5305:
5064:
4591:
4421:
4405:
4354:
2322:
2047:
2033:
2015:
1819:
hesitated to open fire, believing that the searchlight's source might be friendly ships.
1590:. Thus, the Allied northern force was about to be enveloped and attacked from two sides.
1337:
1138:
1116:
1102:
1095:
1060:
1015:
889:
857:
840:
790:
776:
502:
495:
362:
352:
3683:
1489:, observing the illumination of their ship by air-dropped flares and the sudden turn by
1363:
to look down onto the destroyer's decks without seeing any of her crew moving about. If
7034:
6867:
6792:
6746:
6716:
6624:
6464:
6129:
6013:
5907:
5858:
5796:
5552:
5503:
5312:
4929:
4584:
4382:
3435:
3229:
2021:
1145:
1076:
1072:
939:
801:
639:
209:
3684:"The Battle of Savo Island, August 9, 1942. Strategical and Tactical Analysis. Part I"
1765:
s bridge crew, including the captain. At 02:16, the cruiser was hit by a torpedo from
7025:
6909:
6799:
6739:
6700:
6633:
6615:
6581:
6524:
6478:
6422:
6247:
5985:
5977:
5914:
5767:
5361:
4886:
4347:
4326:
4036:
3636:
3617:
3595:
3576:
3547:
3528:
3507:
3488:
3469:
3452:
3442:
3419:
3393:
3390:
Black Shoe Carrier Admiral: Frank Jack Fletcher at Coral Sea, Midway, and Guadalcanal
3374:
3355:
3334:
3324:
3303:
3283:
3264:
3236:
3213:
3194:
3188:
2973:
2633:
2147:
1202:
1173:
780:
670:
357:
3747:
Combat narrative dealing with the probable friendly fire incident with HMAS Canberra
1907:
with searchlights and hit her several times with gunfire, causing heavy damage, but
1434:
ordering an increase in speed and a reversal of an initial turn to port, which kept
6944:
6937:
6881:
6545:
6310:
6296:
6199:
6136:
6087:
5900:
5753:
5700:
5510:
5461:
5375:
4598:
4575:
4108:
3250:
2109:
2083:
1799:
shines searchlights towards the northern force of Allied warships during the battle
1625:
1195:
847:
805:
794:
677:
628:
537:
220:
4117:
3414:. History of United States Naval Operations in World War II. Vol. 5. Boston:
3143:
Guadalcanal Echoes, Spring 2010 Edition, p. 14 (The Guadalcanal Campaign Veterans)
6967:
6679:
6594:
6552:
6450:
6393:
6261:
6043:
6034:
5563:
5138:
5114:
4368:
3614:
The Japanese Navy in World War II: In the Words of Former Japanese Naval Officers
3522:
2967:
2629:
2363:
2342:
2151:
2001:
s fires eventually became completely out of control, and the ship sank at 12:15.
1333:
1064:
1043:
1031:
979:
643:
148:
7079:
3254:
2150:, on 19 April 1943 and died the next day. Crutchley was later gazetted with the
6974:
6510:
6436:
4481:
4340:
3568:
2359:
2171:
2157:
Admiral Turner assessed why his forces were so soundly defeated in the battle:
2143:
1523:
received a shell hit aft, causing moderate damage and killing 10 crew members.
1127:
752:
658:
488:
197:
3456:
1578:, either because of a steering problem, or to avoid a possible collision with
7115:
6785:
4703:
4552:
4391:
3338:
3260:
3122:
2380:
2005:
813:
756:
600:
332:
163:
104:
91:
83:
1574:
split from the rest of the Japanese column and took a more westward course.
1347:
sighted the Japanese ships is unknown, since her radios had been destroyed.
772:
7084:
6888:
5181:
5086:
4717:
4080:
3844:
2409:
believed that the schooner was of Japanese nationality. Loxton states that
2300:
The Eighth Fleet was also known as the Outer South Seas Force and included
2097:
1911:
escaped into a nearby rain squall, and the Japanese ships left her behind.
1651:
was quickly hit by numerous shells and set afire. Between 02:00 and 02:15,
935:
798:
787:
721:
674:
655:
612:
427:
409:
36:
1234:
Chart of the approach and departure of Mikawa's ships from the battle area
6723:
6709:
6371:
5040:
4861:
4846:
4200:
2426:
and does not discuss the possibility that Allied torpedoes hit the ship.
1635:
s main gun director crews spotted the Japanese cruisers and opened fire.
1123:
1011:
662:
632:
608:
79:
32:
6078:
5831:
5810:
4696:
4029:
3957:
2355:
1481:
during the battle as aerial flares illuminate the Allied southern force
1408:
1159:
271:
3299:
The Pacific Campaign in World War II: From Pearl Harbor to Guadalcanal
2622:
The Pacific Campaign in World War II: From Pearl Harbor to Guadalcanal
1566:
At 01:44, as Mikawa's ships headed towards the Allied northern force,
6341:
5746:
5543:
5354:
5145:
5100:
2704:
The Rising Sun: The Decline and Fall of the Japanese Empire 1936–1945
1973:
1863:
up to 74 times, and at 02:03 another torpedo hit her, this time from
1230:
1047:
1001:
918:
830:
767:
in the eastern Solomons, they would be in a position to threaten the
701:
651:
177:
7137:
Battles and operations of World War II involving the Solomon Islands
4621:
3715:"Interactive Animation of The Battle of Savo Island, August 9, 1942"
1702:
had also seen the aircraft flares over the southern ships, received
1527:
continued to pursue and fire at the Japanese ships and may have hit
688:
to be two of the worst defeats in U.S. naval history, with only the
4605:
4333:
2326:
2073:
1308:
1152:
1024:
809:
768:
2947:(Australian Broadcasting Corporation) 7:30 Report 27 October 2014"
1598:
783:. The landings initiated the six-month-long Guadalcanal campaign.
712:
until additional Allied reinforcements arrived later in the year.
627:
and the first of several naval battles in the straits later named
3658:. Combat Narrative. Naval Historical Center, United States Navy.
2235:
2130:
1063:
at 24 knots (44 km/h). At 13:45, the cruiser force was near
927:
647:
7142:
World War II naval operations and battles of the Pacific theatre
5222:
3813:
3633:
Disaster in the Pacific: New Light on the Battle of Savo Island
3630:
2234:
was sunk the next day (August 10) before reaching home port at
2038:(84 killed), were sunk or scuttled. The commanding officers of
1291:
about 9 kilometers (5.6 mi) ahead of the Japanese column.
1130:
on Guadalcanal. A "northern" group, consisting of the cruisers
826:
3612:(1986). "The Battle of Savo Island". In David C. Evans (ed.).
1359:
as 1,100 meters (1,200 yd), close enough for officers on
5410:
1212:
1019:
3651:
3616:(2nd ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
3373:(New ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
595:, and colloquially among Allied Guadalcanal veterans as the
3788:"Opening Salvos: The Battle of Savo Island, August 9, 1942"
2993:
Warner, Denis; Warner, Peggy (1999). "Surprised Off Savo".
982:
in the evening of 7 August and then headed east-southeast.
3631:
Warner, Denis Ashton; Warner, Peggy; Senoo, Sadao (1992).
3256:
Guadalcanal: The Definitive Account of the Landmark Battle
1355:, which all missed. The Japanese ships passed as close to
7157:
Naval battles of World War II involving the United States
3412:
The Struggle for Guadalcanal, August 1942 – February 1943
3320:
Strong Men Armed: The United States Marines Against Japan
3231:
A Battle History of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1941–1945
1751:
managed to fire a few main gun salvos, one of which hit
743:
On 7 August 1942 Allied forces (primarily U.S. Marines)
2498:
Daniel H. Galvin Jr., a survivor of the sinking of USS
1903:
as they cleared Savo Island. The Japanese ships fixed
1086:
Chart of the disposition of ships the night of 8 August
4475:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
839:(which sank later) and heavily damaging the destroyer
2317:
After the two transports were recalled, one of them,
1831:
began to receive damaging shell hits, her commander,
1696:
sank at 12:16 after all attempts to save her failed.
16:
Naval battle of the Pacific Campaign of World War II
3151:
3149:
2422:Frank does not believe that Japanese torpedoes hit
1827:which responded with her own gunfire at 01:53. As
3434:
3228:
2354:The floatplanes launched by Mikawa included three
2287:was under repair in the U.S. until November 1942.
1678:s remaining operational main gun turrets fired at
1315:, ready to open fire at the first indication that
1307:about 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) away or a small
638:The Imperial Japanese Navy, in response to Allied
7147:Naval battles of World War II involving Australia
1983:, which took some 300 shells and five torpedoes.
1201:patrolled the northern passage and the destroyer
1023:George Channel, where the column almost ran into
779:, which was then building strength under General
722:evacuate their remaining land forces and withdraw
7113:
3146:
2032:(322 killed), and one Australian heavy cruiser,
1769:, and the ship's remaining guns were silenced.
1539:, whose crew sighted the Japanese shortly after
1519:engaged in a gun duel with the Japanese column.
661:. The task forces sailed from Japanese bases in
2362:"Alf". One Jake was shot down by aircraft from
588:
154:
3468:(2002 reissue ed.). New York: Owl Books.
3437:A War To Be Won: Fighting the Second World War
3352:The Shame of Savo: Anatomy of a Naval Disaster
1126:to block the entrance between Savo Island and
1038:At 10:20 and 11:10, his ships were spotted by
759:, especially the nearly completed airfield at
582:
7162:Military history of Japan during World War II
7152:Naval battles of World War II involving Japan
3829:
3433:Murray, Williamson; Allan R. Millett (2000).
3350:Loxton, Bruce; Chris Coulthard-Clark (1997).
2197:The Fourth Battle of Savo Island (a.k.a. the
2183:The Second Battle of Savo Island (a.k.a. the
2115:
443:
287:
57:, on fire and sinking from Japanese torpedoes
2992:
2190:The Third Battle of Savo Island (a.k.a. the
732:
457:
3482:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2064:In the late evening of 9 August, Mikawa on
1878:During the engagement, the U.S. destroyers
1453:opened fire on her, scoring numerous hits.
168:
3836:
3822:
3589:
3524:No Bended Knee: The Battle for Guadalcanal
3280:US Cruisers: An Illustrated Design History
2969:No Bended Knee: The Battle for Guadalcanal
2822:
2820:
2818:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2004:On the morning of 9 August, an Australian
1010:Mikawa decided to take his fleet north of
450:
436:
294:
280:
2888:
2886:
2794:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2693:
2691:
2689:
1994:s crew tried to save their sinking ship.
1075:, commander of Allied air forces for the
3785:
3655:The Battle of Savo Island August 9, 1942
3354:. Australia: Allen & Unwin Pty Ltd.
3277:
3079:"The Bode Testament: Author's Interview"
2579:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2441:s crew witnessed the gun battle between
2119:
2072:was torpedoed and sunk by the submarine
1936:
1790:
1685:s searchlight but missed and hit one of
1597:
1472:
1229:
1081:
1000:
901:(Mikawa's flagship), the light cruisers
852:
301:
2965:
2959:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2724:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2519:
1593:
1294:
139:
7114:
5690:
5668:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union
3712:
3567:
3501:
3313:
2883:
2773:
2697:
2686:
2325:at 21:25 on August 8 by the submarine
2218:Breakdown of Japanese deaths by ship:
1555:played no further role in the battle.
797:task groups providing air cover. U.S.
7127:Pacific Ocean theatre of World War II
6539:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
5971:Japanese invasion of French Indochina
5617:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union
5573:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union
4671:Rape during the occupation of Germany
3817:
3681:
3652:Office of Naval Intelligence (1943).
3546:. Shepperton, Surrey: Ian Allan Ltd.
3541:
3487:. Garden City, NY: Doubleday and Co.
3302:. London; New York: Routledge, 2006.
2632:. London; New York: Routledge, 2006.
2283:was under repair until January 1943.
1732:, and was hit heavily and set afire.
431:
275:
53:being illuminated by searchlights of
5661:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union
4686:Rape during the liberation of France
3740:
3700:from the original on August 24, 2006
3608:
3527:(reprint ed.). Presidio Press.
3392:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
2858:
2672:"H-013-1 The Battle of Tassafaronga"
2516:
2413:found the schooner to be "harmless"
2247:Breakdown of Allied deaths by ship:
1914:
1559:exchanged non-damaging gunfire with
1122:, patrolled between Lunga Point and
875:
3592:Naval Night Battles of the Solomons
1949:evacuate the crew from the burning
1867:. With all boiler rooms destroyed,
1602:Map of the action northeast of Savo
13:
5887:German invasion of the Netherlands
4160:Weather events during World War II
3743:"Lifting the Shame of Savo Island"
3561:
3506:. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, Ltd.
3076:
2676:Naval History and Heritage Command
2655:Naval History and Heritage Command
2090:
1720:was caught in a crossfire between
1407:increased speed to full and fired
682:Naval History and Heritage Command
646:, mobilized a task force of seven
14:
7188:
6518:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan
3798:from the original on May 17, 2006
3773:from the original on May 17, 2006
3760:
3675:
3662:from the original on May 13, 2006
3544:Japanese Warships of World War II
3089:from the original on May 17, 2008
1445:s guns took aim at the Japanese,
1046:reconnaissance aircraft based at
7078:
3843:
3670:– via Hyperwar Foundation.
3441:. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.
2321:, was sunk near Cape St George,
1014:and then down the east coast of
974:, totaling 34 8-inch main guns.
684:, considers this battle and the
597:Battle of the Five Sitting Ducks
214:
203:
191:
170:
156:
141:
43:
3504:US Navy Light Cruisers, 1941–45
3167:
3158:
3137:
3115:
3102:
3070:
3057:
3045:
3032:
3023:
3014:
3005:
2986:
2950:
2937:
2928:
2915:
2898:
2845:
2832:
2711:
2492:
2480:
2451:
2429:
2416:
2395:
2386:
2372:
2348:
2335:
2311:
2294:
1477:View from the Japanese cruiser
578:First Battle of the Solomon Sea
576:and in Japanese sources as the
6765:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945
4468:Territorial changes of Germany
4376:Indonesian National Revolution
3792:The Pacific War: The U.S. Navy
3575:. St. Paul, MN: Zenith Press.
3180:
3001:(3). Cowles History Group: 33.
2664:
2643:
2613:
2604:
2595:
2586:
2275: – 2. Although
2241:
2230: – 1. Although
2212:
1743:was hit by two torpedoes from
1414:At about the same moment that
1336:. This ship was the destroyer
1:
6165:Japanese invasion of Thailand
6116:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
5880:German invasion of Luxembourg
4254:Mediterranean and Middle East
3763:"First Battle of Savo Island"
3521:Twining, Merrill B. (2004) .
3485:U.S. Warships of World War II
3483:Silverstone, Paul H. (1970).
3323:. Da Capo Press. p. 35.
3193:. Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole.
2966:Twining, Merrill B. (2004) .
2509:
1833:Captain Frederick L. Riefkohl
727:
6072:Invasion of the Soviet Union
5761:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
5072:Independent State of Croatia
3464:Newcomb, Richard F. (1961).
3208:Domagalski, John J. (2010).
2046:were also killed in action.
1927:
1461:joined in with gunfire, and
930:were four heavy cruisers of
7:
7132:1942 in the Solomon Islands
7056:End of World War II in Asia
6896:Western invasion of Germany
6403:Chinese famine of 1942–1943
6380:Second Battle of El Alamein
5950:Hundred Regiments Offensive
5922:Battle of the Mediterranean
5775:Italian invasion of Albania
3942:Air warfare of World War II
3388:Lundstrom, John B. (2006).
3369:Lundstrom, John B. (2005).
3282:. London: Arms and Armour.
3190:Derailing the Tokyo Express
2910:Derailing the Tokyo Express
2894:Derailing the Tokyo Express
2719:Pearl Harbor to Guadalcanal
2192:Naval Battle of Guadalcanal
2177:
2059:
1839:hit, causing heavy damage.
1788:sank, bow first, at 02:38.
1531:, causing moderate damage.
1018:. The fleet paused east of
997:Savo Island order of battle
589:
574:First Battle of Savo Island
10:
7193:
6982:Naval bombardment of Japan
6350:First Battle of El Alamein
6269:Battle of Christmas Island
6214:Japanese invasion of Burma
5978:Italian invasion of Greece
5894:German invasion of Belgium
5866:German invasion of Denmark
5839:1939–1940 Winter Offensive
5708:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
3965:Comparative military ranks
3682:Bates, Richard W. (1950).
3590:Kilpatrick, C. W. (1987).
3173:Friedman, 1985, pp. 317–23
3164:Friedman, 1985, pp. 316–17
3054:. Retrieved 24 August 2023
2853:Black Shoe Carrier Admiral
2369:, and its crew was killed.
2271: – 10, and
2226: – 23, and
2116:U.S. Navy board of inquiry
1040:Royal Australian Air Force
994:
990:
736:
590:Dai-ichi-ji Soromon Kaisen
7071:
6903:Bratislava–Brno offensive
6843:
6834:Dutch famine of 1944–1945
6571:
6458:Allied invasion of Sicily
6412:
6318:Aleutian Islands campaign
6290:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
6237:
6228:Greek famine of 1941–1944
6123:Second Battle of Changsha
6028:German invasion of Greece
5996:
5873:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang
5848:
5786:
5681:
5562:
5288:
5198:
5039:
4742:
4733:
4491:
4316:
4208:North and Central Pacific
4169:
3931:
3924:
3851:
3635:. Naval Institute Press.
3416:Little, Brown and Company
3278:Friedman, Norman (1985).
3235:. Naval Institute Press.
3125:. Australian War Memorial
2651:"H-Gram 009: Savo Island"
1932:
1747:, causing severe damage.
1647:had found the range, and
1399:spotted a ship, probably
985:
775:, and support the Allied
733:Operations at Guadalcanal
583:
469:
461:Solomon Islands campaign
313:
255:2 heavy cruisers damaged
247:
226:
184:
133:
61:
42:
30:
25:
6495:Allied invasion of Italy
6472:Solomon Islands campaign
6221:Third Battle of Changsha
5818:First Battle of Changsha
5724:Second Sino-Japanese War
4657:German military brothels
4523:United States war crimes
3296:Johnson, William Bruce.
3187:Coombe, Jack D. (1991).
2769:Struggle for Guadalcanal
2628:January 3, 2014, at the
2619:Johnson, William Bruce.
2205:
2185:Battle of Cape Esperance
2054:Battle of Rennell Island
793:. He also commanded the
718:Battle of Rennell Island
642:landings in the eastern
605:Solomon Islands campaign
555:Neutralisation of Rabaul
264:1 heavy cruiser damaged
6917:Second Guangxi campaign
6772:Philippines (1944–1945)
6276:Battle of the Coral Sea
6179:Fall of the Philippines
5825:Battle of South Guangxi
5731:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
5130:Italian Social Republic
3741:Eime, Roderick (2015).
2259: – 235,
2255: – 342,
2251: – 389,
1430:responded with Captain
1319:had sighted them. When
1240:Alexander A. Vandegrift
765:forward operating bases
257:1 light cruiser damaged
6502:Armistice of Cassibile
6304:Battle of Dutch Harbor
6255:Battle of the Java Sea
6158:Attack on Pearl Harbor
6058:Syria–Lebanon campaign
6051:Battle of South Shanxi
6021:Invasion of Yugoslavia
5804:Battle of the Atlantic
5418:Korean Liberation Army
5124:(until September 1943)
5081:(until September 1944)
5059:(until September 1944)
3713:Cagney, James (2012).
3227:Dull, Paul S. (1978).
3155:Friedman, 1985, p. 320
3020:Loxton, 1997, p. 216).
2956:Lundstrom, 2005, p. 78
2908:, pp. 193–94, Coombe,
2906:Imperial Japanese Navy
2879:Imperial Japanese Navy
2267: – 14,
2263: – 85,
2222: – 34,
2199:Battle of Tassafaronga
2163:
2125:
1956:At 04:00 on 9 August,
1953:
1800:
1783:
1603:
1482:
1351:launched torpedoes at
1235:
1087:
1007:
864:
690:attack on Pearl Harbor
686:Battle of Tassafaronga
617:Imperial Japanese Navy
262:4 heavy cruisers sunk
185:Commanders and leaders
6666:Second Battle of Guam
6562:Bengal famine of 1943
6532:Second Battle of Kiev
6488:Battle of the Dnieper
6193:Battle of Wake Island
6065:East African campaign
6007:Battle of South Henan
5652:atrocities by Germans
5425:Korean Volunteer Army
4399:Occupation of Germany
4153:Music in World War II
3542:Watts, A. J. (1966).
3502:Stille, Mark (2016).
3408:Morison, Samuel Eliot
2291:was repaired locally
2159:
2123:
1940:
1794:
1778:
1624:s bridge crew called
1601:
1476:
1233:
1085:
1004:
995:Further information:
856:
745:landed on Guadalcanal
698:United States Marines
654:under the command of
631:, near the island of
570:Battle of Savo Island
248:Casualties and losses
26:Battle of Savo Island
6952:Surrender of Germany
6430:Battle of West Hubei
6387:Guadalcanal campaign
6357:Battle of Stalingrad
6283:Battle of Madagascar
5050:Albania protectorate
4837:(formerly Swaziland)
4546:Wehrmacht war crimes
4362:Expulsion of Germans
4146:Art and World War II
4044:British contribution
3993:Governments in exile
3594:. Exposition Press.
3029:Loxton, 1997, p. 208
2934:Loxton, 1997, p. 129
2592:Frank, 1990, p. 117.
2401:Morison claims that
1594:Action north of Savo
1327:At about this time,
1295:Action south of Savo
739:Guadalcanal campaign
625:Guadalcanal campaign
572:, also known as the
305:Guadalcanal campaign
266:2 destroyers damaged
7042:Potsdam Declaration
6931:Italy (Spring 1945)
6694:Liberation of Paris
6151:Siege of Sevastopol
5162:(until August 1944)
5065:Wang Jingwei regime
4887:from September 1943
4847:from September 1944
4785:from September 1944
4645:Romanian war crimes
4636:Persecution of Jews
4622:Croatian war crimes
4592:Japanese war crimes
4406:Occupation of Japan
4355:First Indochina War
4067:Military production
3979:Declarations of war
3786:Lanzendörfer, Tim.
3719:HistoryAnimated.com
3345:on January 3, 2014.
3011:Morison 1958, p. 55
2601:Frank, 1990, p. 121
2306:Cruiser Division 18
2154:(Chief Commander).
1061:Bougainville Strait
934:under Rear Admiral
909:Cruiser Division 18
791:Frank Jack Fletcher
777:New Guinea campaign
521:New Georgia Islands
353:Matanikau Offensive
101: /
7177:August 1942 events
7035:Surrender of Japan
6868:Battle of Iwo Jima
6717:Belgrade offensive
6130:Siege of Leningrad
6014:Battle of Shanggao
5943:British Somaliland
5908:Dunkirk evacuation
5859:Norwegian campaign
5797:Invasion of Poland
5624:Japanese prisoners
4585:Italian war crimes
4516:British war crimes
4431:Soviet occupations
4215:South-West Pacific
4102:Allied cooperation
4060:Military equipment
3728:on August 26, 2016
2972:. Presidio Press.
2302:Cruiser Division 6
2126:
2026:(370 killed), and
1954:
1855:scored one hit on
1801:
1604:
1483:
1236:
1088:
1077:South Pacific Area
1073:John S. McCain Sr.
1008:
932:Cruiser Division 6
865:
802:Richmond K. Turner
7122:Conflicts in 1942
7109:
7108:
7067:
7066:
6910:Battle of Okinawa
6809:Burma (1944–1945)
6643:Mariana and Palau
6423:Tunisian campaign
6248:Fall of Singapore
6172:Fall of Hong Kong
5915:Battle of Britain
5768:Operation Himmler
5677:
5676:
5341:Dutch East Indies
4977:Southern Rhodesia
4729:
4728:
4629:Genocide of Serbs
4532:German war crimes
4509:Soviet war crimes
4502:Allied war crimes
4348:Division of Korea
4327:Chinese Civil War
4125:Strategic bombing
4037:Manhattan Project
3691:Naval War College
3513:978-1-4728-1140-0
3330:978-0-306-81892-9
3308:978-0-415-70175-4
3289:978-0-85368-651-4
3251:Frank, Richard B.
3110:CombinedFleet.com
2638:978-0-415-70175-4
2148:Panama Canal Zone
1915:Mikawa's decision
1795:Japanese cruiser
1376:George F. Elliott
1151:, and destroyers
1108:, and destroyers
876:Japanese response
836:George F. Elliott
812:, the Australian
781:Douglas MacArthur
671:New Georgia Sound
563:
562:
527:Northern Solomons
473:Southern Solomons
425:
424:
400:Naval Guadalcanal
343:Matanikau Actions
270:
269:
241:2 light cruisers
239:6 heavy cruisers
234:2 light cruisers
232:5 heavy cruisers
129:
128:
105:9.133°S 159.817°E
7184:
7102:
7095:
7088:
7085:World portal
7083:
7082:
7058:
7051:
7044:
7037:
7028:
7021:
7014:
7005:
6998:
6991:
6984:
6977:
6970:
6961:
6954:
6947:
6945:Prague offensive
6940:
6938:Battle of Berlin
6933:
6926:
6919:
6912:
6905:
6898:
6891:
6884:
6882:Vienna offensive
6877:
6870:
6863:
6861:Battle of Manila
6856:
6836:
6827:
6818:
6811:
6802:
6795:
6788:
6781:
6774:
6767:
6760:
6751:
6742:
6735:
6726:
6719:
6712:
6705:
6696:
6689:
6682:
6675:
6668:
6661:
6654:
6645:
6638:
6629:
6620:
6611:
6604:
6602:Korsun–Cherkassy
6597:
6586:
6564:
6555:
6548:
6541:
6534:
6527:
6520:
6513:
6504:
6497:
6490:
6483:
6474:
6467:
6460:
6453:
6446:
6444:Bombing of Gorky
6439:
6432:
6425:
6405:
6398:
6389:
6382:
6375:
6366:
6359:
6352:
6345:
6334:
6327:
6320:
6313:
6311:Battle of Midway
6306:
6299:
6297:Battle of Gazala
6292:
6285:
6278:
6271:
6264:
6257:
6250:
6230:
6223:
6216:
6209:
6207:Battle of Borneo
6202:
6200:Malayan campaign
6195:
6188:
6181:
6174:
6167:
6160:
6153:
6146:
6144:Bombing of Gorky
6139:
6137:Battle of Moscow
6132:
6125:
6118:
6111:
6104:
6097:
6081:
6074:
6067:
6060:
6053:
6046:
6037:
6030:
6023:
6016:
6009:
5989:
5980:
5973:
5966:
5959:
5952:
5945:
5938:
5931:
5924:
5917:
5910:
5903:
5901:Battle of France
5896:
5889:
5882:
5875:
5868:
5861:
5841:
5834:
5827:
5820:
5813:
5806:
5799:
5777:
5770:
5763:
5756:
5754:Munich Agreement
5749:
5742:
5733:
5726:
5719:
5710:
5703:
5688:
5687:
5670:
5663:
5654:
5647:
5640:
5639:Soviet prisoners
5633:
5626:
5619:
5610:
5603:
5594:
5587:
5580:
5579:German prisoners
5575:
5555:
5546:
5539:
5532:
5527:
5520:
5513:
5506:
5499:
5492:
5485:
5478:
5471:
5464:
5457:
5450:
5443:
5436:
5427:
5420:
5413:
5406:
5399:
5392:
5385:
5378:
5371:
5364:
5357:
5350:
5343:
5336:
5329:
5322:
5315:
5308:
5301:
5281:
5274:
5267:
5260:
5253:
5246:
5239:
5232:
5225:
5218:
5211:
5191:
5184:
5177:
5170:
5163:
5155:
5148:
5141:
5132:
5125:
5117:
5110:
5108:French Indochina
5103:
5096:
5089:
5082:
5074:
5067:
5060:
5052:
5032:
5023:
5016:
5007:
5000:
4993:
4986:
4979:
4972:
4965:
4958:
4955:from August 1944
4946:
4939:
4932:
4925:
4918:
4911:
4904:
4897:
4890:
4878:
4871:
4864:
4857:
4850:
4838:
4830:
4823:
4816:
4809:
4802:
4795:
4788:
4776:
4769:
4762:
4755:
4740:
4739:
4720:
4713:
4706:
4699:
4692:
4681:
4666:
4659:
4652:
4647:
4638:
4631:
4624:
4615:
4608:
4601:
4599:Nanjing Massacre
4594:
4587:
4578:
4576:Nuremberg trials
4569:
4562:
4555:
4548:
4541:
4534:
4525:
4518:
4511:
4504:
4484:
4477:
4470:
4461:
4454:
4447:
4440:
4433:
4426:
4417:
4408:
4401:
4394:
4387:
4378:
4371:
4364:
4357:
4350:
4343:
4336:
4329:
4309:
4300:
4293:
4286:
4277:
4270:
4263:
4256:
4247:
4240:
4233:
4224:
4217:
4210:
4203:
4196:
4189:
4182:
4180:Asia and Pacific
4162:
4155:
4148:
4141:
4134:
4127:
4120:
4111:
4109:Mulberry harbour
4104:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4069:
4062:
4055:
4046:
4039:
4032:
4023:
4016:
4009:
4002:
3995:
3988:
3981:
3974:
3967:
3960:
3951:
3944:
3929:
3928:
3917:
3910:
3901:
3894:
3887:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3859:
3838:
3831:
3824:
3815:
3814:
3807:
3805:
3803:
3782:
3780:
3778:
3757:
3755:
3753:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3727:
3721:. Archived from
3709:
3707:
3705:
3699:
3688:
3671:
3669:
3667:
3646:
3627:
3605:
3586:
3557:
3538:
3517:
3498:
3479:
3460:
3440:
3429:
3403:
3384:
3365:
3346:
3341:. Archived from
3293:
3274:
3246:
3234:
3223:
3204:
3174:
3171:
3165:
3162:
3156:
3153:
3144:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3119:
3113:
3106:
3100:
3098:
3096:
3094:
3074:
3068:
3061:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3036:
3030:
3027:
3021:
3018:
3012:
3009:
3003:
3002:
2990:
2984:
2983:
2963:
2957:
2954:
2948:
2941:
2935:
2932:
2926:
2919:
2913:
2902:
2896:
2890:
2881:
2875:
2856:
2849:
2843:
2836:
2830:
2824:
2771:
2765:
2722:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2695:
2684:
2683:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2647:
2641:
2617:
2611:
2608:
2602:
2599:
2593:
2590:
2584:
2581:
2503:
2496:
2490:
2484:
2478:
2476:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2449:
2440:
2433:
2427:
2420:
2414:
2399:
2393:
2390:
2384:
2376:
2370:
2358:"Jakes" and one
2352:
2346:
2339:
2333:
2315:
2309:
2298:
2292:
2245:
2239:
2216:
2110:Richard B. Frank
2084:Isoroku Yamamoto
2009:concentrated on
2000:
1993:
1941:U.S. destroyers
1775:
1764:
1757:
1738:
1715:
1708:
1691:
1684:
1677:
1641:
1634:
1626:general quarters
1623:
1613:
1504:
1444:
1394:
1221:
1179:with destroyers
926:. En route from
848:fighter aircraft
806:Victor Crutchley
678:Victor Crutchley
629:Ironbottom Sound
594:
592:
586:
585:
533:Treasury Islands
515:Central Solomons
464:
462:
452:
445:
438:
429:
428:
385:Eastern Solomons
363:Carlson's patrol
308:
306:
296:
289:
282:
273:
272:
221:Victor Crutchley
219:
218:
217:
208:
207:
206:
196:
195:
194:
180:
176:
174:
173:
166:
162:
160:
159:
151:
147:
145:
144:
125:Japanese victory
116:
115:
113:
112:
111:
106:
102:
99:
98:
97:
94:
63:
62:
47:
23:
22:
7192:
7191:
7187:
7186:
7185:
7183:
7182:
7181:
7112:
7111:
7110:
7105:
7098:
7091:
7077:
7075:
7063:
7054:
7047:
7040:
7033:
7024:
7017:
7010:
7001:
6996:Atomic bombings
6994:
6987:
6980:
6973:
6966:
6957:
6950:
6943:
6936:
6929:
6922:
6915:
6908:
6901:
6894:
6887:
6880:
6873:
6866:
6859:
6852:
6839:
6832:
6821:
6814:
6807:
6798:
6791:
6784:
6777:
6770:
6763:
6754:
6745:
6738:
6729:
6722:
6715:
6708:
6699:
6692:
6687:Eastern Romania
6685:
6680:Warsaw Uprising
6678:
6673:Tannenberg Line
6671:
6664:
6659:Western Ukraine
6657:
6648:
6641:
6632:
6623:
6614:
6607:
6600:
6589:
6580:
6567:
6560:
6551:
6544:
6537:
6530:
6523:
6516:
6509:
6500:
6493:
6486:
6477:
6470:
6463:
6456:
6451:Battle of Kursk
6449:
6442:
6435:
6428:
6421:
6408:
6401:
6392:
6385:
6378:
6369:
6362:
6355:
6348:
6339:
6330:
6323:
6316:
6309:
6302:
6295:
6288:
6281:
6274:
6267:
6262:St Nazaire Raid
6260:
6253:
6246:
6233:
6226:
6219:
6212:
6205:
6198:
6191:
6184:
6177:
6170:
6163:
6156:
6149:
6142:
6135:
6128:
6121:
6114:
6107:
6100:
6086:
6077:
6070:
6063:
6056:
6049:
6044:Anglo-Iraqi War
6042:
6035:Battle of Crete
6033:
6026:
6019:
6012:
6005:
5992:
5983:
5976:
5969:
5964:Eastern Romania
5962:
5955:
5948:
5941:
5934:
5927:
5920:
5913:
5906:
5899:
5892:
5885:
5878:
5871:
5864:
5857:
5844:
5837:
5830:
5823:
5816:
5809:
5802:
5795:
5782:
5773:
5766:
5759:
5752:
5745:
5738:
5729:
5722:
5715:
5706:
5699:
5673:
5666:
5659:
5650:
5643:
5638:
5629:
5622:
5615:
5606:
5599:
5590:
5583:
5578:
5571:
5558:
5551:
5542:
5535:
5530:
5525:Western Ukraine
5523:
5516:
5509:
5502:
5495:
5488:
5481:
5474:
5469:Northeast China
5467:
5460:
5453:
5446:
5439:
5432:
5423:
5416:
5409:
5402:
5395:
5388:
5381:
5374:
5367:
5360:
5353:
5346:
5339:
5332:
5325:
5318:
5311:
5304:
5297:
5284:
5277:
5270:
5263:
5256:
5249:
5242:
5235:
5228:
5221:
5214:
5207:
5194:
5187:
5180:
5173:
5168:Slovak Republic
5166:
5158:
5151:
5144:
5139:Empire of Japan
5137:
5128:
5120:
5113:
5106:
5099:
5092:
5085:
5077:
5070:
5063:
5055:
5048:
5035:
5028:
5019:
5012:
5003:
4996:
4989:
4982:
4975:
4968:
4961:
4949:
4942:
4935:
4928:
4921:
4914:
4907:
4900:
4893:
4881:
4874:
4867:
4860:
4853:
4841:
4833:
4826:
4819:
4812:
4805:
4798:
4791:
4779:
4772:
4765:
4758:
4751:
4725:
4716:
4709:
4702:
4695:
4684:
4669:
4662:
4655:
4651:Sexual violence
4650:
4643:
4634:
4627:
4620:
4611:
4604:
4597:
4590:
4583:
4574:
4565:
4558:
4551:
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4530:
4521:
4514:
4507:
4500:
4487:
4480:
4473:
4466:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4436:
4429:
4420:
4411:
4404:
4397:
4390:
4381:
4374:
4369:Greek Civil War
4367:
4360:
4353:
4346:
4339:
4332:
4325:
4312:
4305:
4296:
4289:
4282:
4273:
4266:
4259:
4252:
4243:
4236:
4229:
4220:
4213:
4206:
4199:
4194:South-East Asia
4192:
4185:
4178:
4165:
4158:
4151:
4144:
4137:
4130:
4123:
4116:
4107:
4100:
4093:
4086:
4079:
4072:
4065:
4058:
4053:Military awards
4051:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4019:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3991:
3984:
3977:
3970:
3963:
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3947:
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3913:
3906:
3897:
3890:
3883:
3878:
3869:
3862:
3855:
3847:
3842:
3811:
3801:
3799:
3776:
3774:
3767:Order of Battle
3751:
3749:
3731:
3729:
3725:
3703:
3701:
3697:
3686:
3678:
3665:
3663:
3643:
3624:
3610:Ōmae, Toshikazu
3602:
3583:
3564:
3562:Further reading
3554:
3535:
3520:
3514:
3495:
3476:
3463:
3449:
3432:
3426:
3406:
3400:
3387:
3381:
3368:
3362:
3349:
3331:
3290:
3271:
3249:
3243:
3226:
3220:
3207:
3201:
3186:
3183:
3178:
3177:
3172:
3168:
3163:
3159:
3154:
3147:
3142:
3138:
3128:
3126:
3121:
3120:
3116:
3107:
3103:
3092:
3090:
3077:Shanks, Sandy.
3075:
3071:
3062:
3058:
3050:
3046:
3037:
3033:
3028:
3024:
3019:
3015:
3010:
3006:
2991:
2987:
2980:
2964:
2960:
2955:
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2942:
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2933:
2929:
2920:
2916:
2903:
2899:
2891:
2884:
2876:
2859:
2850:
2846:
2837:
2833:
2825:
2774:
2766:
2725:
2716:
2712:
2707:. Random House.
2696:
2687:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2649:
2648:
2644:
2630:Wayback Machine
2618:
2614:
2610:Leckie 2011 p35
2609:
2605:
2600:
2596:
2591:
2587:
2582:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2506:
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2434:
2430:
2421:
2417:
2400:
2396:
2391:
2387:
2377:
2373:
2353:
2349:
2343:Type 93 torpedo
2340:
2336:
2316:
2312:
2299:
2295:
2246:
2242:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2180:
2152:Legion of Merit
2118:
2102:Henderson Field
2093:
2091:Tactical result
2062:
1998:
1991:
1960:came alongside
1935:
1930:
1917:
1875:sank at 02:50.
1823:opened fire on
1773:
1762:
1755:
1736:
1713:
1706:
1689:
1682:
1675:
1639:
1632:
1621:
1611:
1596:
1502:
1442:
1392:
1370:After sighting
1297:
1219:
1044:Lockheed Hudson
1032:Henry G. Munson
999:
993:
988:
980:Cape St. George
878:
761:Henderson Field
741:
735:
730:
710:Henderson Field
644:Solomon Islands
580:
566:
565:
564:
559:
465:
460:
458:
456:
426:
421:
348:Henderson Field
309:
304:
302:
300:
265:
263:
261:
256:
254:
242:
240:
235:
233:
215:
213:
212:
210:Richmond Turner
204:
202:
192:
190:
171:
169:
167:
157:
155:
142:
140:
117:
110:-9.133; 159.817
109:
107:
103:
100:
95:
92:
90:
88:
87:
86:
69:8–9 August 1942
48:
33:Pacific Theater
17:
12:
11:
5:
7190:
7180:
7179:
7174:
7169:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7144:
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7124:
7107:
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7065:
7064:
7062:
7061:
7060:
7059:
7052:
7045:
7031:
7030:
7029:
7015:
7012:South Sakhalin
7008:
7007:
7006:
6992:
6985:
6978:
6971:
6964:
6963:
6962:
6948:
6941:
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6514:
6507:
6506:
6505:
6491:
6484:
6475:
6468:
6461:
6454:
6447:
6440:
6437:Battle of Attu
6433:
6426:
6418:
6416:
6410:
6409:
6407:
6406:
6399:
6390:
6383:
6376:
6367:
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6346:
6337:
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6241:
6235:
6234:
6232:
6231:
6224:
6217:
6210:
6203:
6196:
6189:
6186:Battle of Guam
6182:
6175:
6168:
6161:
6154:
6147:
6140:
6133:
6126:
6119:
6112:
6109:Battle of Kiev
6105:
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6084:
6083:
6082:
6068:
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5657:
5656:
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5648:
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5613:
5612:
5611:
5608:United Kingdom
5604:
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5576:
5568:
5566:
5560:
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5507:
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5493:
5486:
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5472:
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5458:
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5444:
5437:
5430:
5429:
5428:
5421:
5407:
5400:
5393:
5386:
5379:
5372:
5365:
5358:
5351:
5344:
5337:
5330:
5323:
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5309:
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5219:
5212:
5204:
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5195:
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5185:
5178:
5171:
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5156:
5149:
5142:
5135:
5134:
5133:
5118:
5111:
5104:
5097:
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5083:
5075:
5068:
5061:
5053:
5045:
5043:
5037:
5036:
5034:
5033:
5026:
5025:
5024:
5010:
5009:
5008:
5005:British Empire
4998:United Kingdom
4994:
4987:
4980:
4973:
4966:
4959:
4947:
4940:
4933:
4926:
4919:
4912:
4905:
4898:
4891:
4879:
4872:
4865:
4858:
4851:
4839:
4831:
4824:
4817:
4814:Czechoslovakia
4810:
4803:
4796:
4789:
4777:
4770:
4763:
4756:
4748:
4746:
4737:
4731:
4730:
4727:
4726:
4724:
4723:
4722:
4721:
4714:
4711:Rape of Manila
4707:
4700:
4693:
4682:
4667:
4660:
4648:
4641:
4640:
4639:
4632:
4618:
4617:
4616:
4609:
4602:
4588:
4581:
4580:
4579:
4572:
4571:
4570:
4563:
4549:
4542:
4528:
4527:
4526:
4519:
4512:
4497:
4495:
4489:
4488:
4486:
4485:
4482:United Nations
4478:
4471:
4464:
4463:
4462:
4455:
4448:
4441:
4427:
4418:
4409:
4402:
4395:
4388:
4379:
4372:
4365:
4358:
4351:
4344:
4341:Decolonization
4337:
4330:
4322:
4320:
4314:
4313:
4311:
4310:
4303:
4302:
4301:
4287:
4280:
4279:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4250:
4249:
4248:
4241:
4227:
4226:
4225:
4218:
4211:
4204:
4197:
4190:
4175:
4173:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4163:
4156:
4149:
4142:
4135:
4128:
4121:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4105:
4091:
4084:
4077:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4033:
4026:
4025:
4024:
4017:
4014:United Kingdom
4010:
3996:
3989:
3982:
3975:
3968:
3961:
3954:
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3952:
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3840:
3833:
3826:
3818:
3809:
3808:
3783:
3758:
3738:
3710:
3677:
3676:External links
3674:
3673:
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3647:
3641:
3628:
3622:
3606:
3600:
3587:
3581:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3558:
3552:
3539:
3534:978-0891418269
3533:
3518:
3512:
3499:
3493:
3480:
3474:
3461:
3448:978-0674006805
3447:
3430:
3424:
3404:
3398:
3385:
3379:
3366:
3360:
3347:
3329:
3315:Leckie, Robert
3311:
3294:
3288:
3275:
3269:
3247:
3241:
3224:
3219:978-0786458974
3218:
3205:
3199:
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3114:
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3013:
3004:
2985:
2979:978-0891418269
2978:
2958:
2949:
2945:ABC Television
2936:
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2371:
2360:Kawanishi E7K2
2347:
2334:
2310:
2293:
2240:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2202:
2195:
2188:
2179:
2176:
2172:Ernest J. King
2135:Howard D. Bode
2117:
2114:
2092:
2089:
2061:
2058:
2020:(219 killed),
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1916:
1913:
1595:
1592:
1296:
1293:
1128:Cape Esperance
1053:Samuel Morison
992:
989:
987:
984:
877:
874:
753:Florida Island
737:Main article:
734:
731:
729:
726:
659:Gunichi Mikawa
561:
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550:
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455:
454:
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440:
432:
423:
422:
420:
419:
417:Rennell Island
414:
407:
402:
397:
395:Santa Cruz Is.
392:
390:Cape Esperance
387:
382:
376:
375:
371:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
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333:Goettge Patrol
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198:Gunichi Mikawa
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28:
27:
21:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7189:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7172:Night battles
7170:
7168:
7167:1942 in Japan
7165:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
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7019:Kuril Islands
7016:
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6999:
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6786:Syrmian Front
6783:
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6762:
6759:
6758:
6753:
6750:
6749:
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6732:Market Garden
6728:
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6591:Monte Cassino
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6194:
6190:
6187:
6183:
6180:
6176:
6173:
6169:
6166:
6162:
6159:
6155:
6152:
6148:
6145:
6141:
6138:
6134:
6131:
6127:
6124:
6120:
6117:
6113:
6110:
6106:
6103:
6099:
6095:
6094:
6089:
6085:
6080:
6076:
6075:
6073:
6069:
6066:
6062:
6059:
6055:
6052:
6048:
6045:
6041:
6036:
6032:
6031:
6029:
6025:
6022:
6018:
6015:
6011:
6008:
6004:
6003:
6001:
5999:
5995:
5988:
5987:
5982:
5979:
5975:
5972:
5968:
5965:
5961:
5958:
5957:Baltic states
5954:
5951:
5947:
5944:
5940:
5937:
5933:
5930:
5926:
5923:
5919:
5916:
5912:
5909:
5905:
5902:
5898:
5895:
5891:
5888:
5884:
5881:
5877:
5874:
5870:
5867:
5863:
5860:
5856:
5855:
5853:
5851:
5847:
5840:
5836:
5833:
5829:
5826:
5822:
5819:
5815:
5812:
5808:
5805:
5801:
5798:
5794:
5793:
5791:
5789:
5785:
5776:
5772:
5769:
5765:
5762:
5758:
5755:
5751:
5748:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5737:
5732:
5728:
5725:
5721:
5720:
5718:
5714:
5709:
5705:
5704:
5702:
5698:
5697:
5695:
5693:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5680:
5669:
5665:
5662:
5658:
5653:
5649:
5646:
5642:
5641:
5637:
5632:
5628:
5627:
5625:
5621:
5618:
5614:
5609:
5605:
5602:
5601:United States
5598:
5593:
5589:
5588:
5586:
5582:
5581:
5577:
5574:
5570:
5569:
5567:
5565:
5561:
5554:
5550:
5545:
5541:
5538:
5537:Quốc dân Đảng
5534:
5533:
5529:
5526:
5522:
5519:
5515:
5512:
5508:
5505:
5501:
5498:
5494:
5491:
5487:
5484:
5480:
5477:
5473:
5470:
5466:
5463:
5459:
5456:
5452:
5449:
5445:
5442:
5438:
5435:
5431:
5426:
5422:
5419:
5415:
5414:
5412:
5408:
5405:
5401:
5398:
5394:
5391:
5387:
5384:
5380:
5377:
5373:
5370:
5366:
5363:
5359:
5356:
5352:
5349:
5345:
5342:
5338:
5335:
5331:
5328:
5324:
5321:
5317:
5314:
5310:
5307:
5303:
5300:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5291:
5287:
5280:
5276:
5273:
5269:
5266:
5262:
5259:
5255:
5252:
5248:
5245:
5241:
5238:
5237:Liechtenstein
5234:
5231:
5227:
5224:
5220:
5217:
5213:
5210:
5206:
5205:
5203:
5201:
5197:
5190:
5189:Collaboration
5186:
5183:
5179:
5176:
5172:
5169:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5154:
5150:
5147:
5143:
5140:
5136:
5131:
5127:
5126:
5123:
5119:
5116:
5112:
5109:
5105:
5102:
5098:
5095:
5091:
5088:
5084:
5080:
5076:
5073:
5069:
5066:
5062:
5058:
5054:
5051:
5047:
5046:
5044:
5042:
5038:
5031:
5027:
5022:
5018:
5017:
5015:
5014:United States
5011:
5006:
5002:
5001:
4999:
4995:
4992:
4988:
4985:
4981:
4978:
4974:
4971:
4967:
4964:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4948:
4945:
4941:
4938:
4934:
4931:
4927:
4924:
4920:
4917:
4913:
4910:
4906:
4903:
4899:
4896:
4892:
4888:
4884:
4880:
4877:
4873:
4870:
4866:
4863:
4859:
4856:
4852:
4848:
4844:
4840:
4836:
4832:
4829:
4825:
4822:
4818:
4815:
4811:
4808:
4804:
4801:
4797:
4794:
4790:
4786:
4782:
4778:
4775:
4771:
4768:
4764:
4761:
4757:
4754:
4750:
4749:
4747:
4745:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4732:
4719:
4715:
4712:
4708:
4705:
4704:Comfort women
4701:
4698:
4694:
4691:
4688: /
4687:
4683:
4680:
4677: /
4676:
4673: /
4672:
4668:
4665:
4664:Camp brothels
4661:
4658:
4654:
4653:
4649:
4646:
4642:
4637:
4633:
4630:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4619:
4614:
4610:
4607:
4603:
4600:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4589:
4586:
4582:
4577:
4573:
4568:
4564:
4561:
4557:
4556:
4554:
4553:The Holocaust
4550:
4547:
4543:
4540:
4539:forced labour
4536:
4535:
4533:
4529:
4524:
4520:
4517:
4513:
4510:
4506:
4505:
4503:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4494:
4490:
4483:
4479:
4476:
4472:
4469:
4465:
4460:
4456:
4453:
4449:
4446:
4442:
4439:
4435:
4434:
4432:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4419:
4416:
4415:
4410:
4407:
4403:
4400:
4396:
4393:
4392:Marshall Plan
4389:
4386:
4385:
4380:
4377:
4373:
4370:
4366:
4363:
4359:
4356:
4352:
4349:
4345:
4342:
4338:
4335:
4331:
4328:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4319:
4315:
4308:
4304:
4299:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4288:
4285:
4281:
4276:
4272:
4269:
4265:
4262:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4251:
4246:
4245:Eastern Front
4242:
4239:
4238:Western Front
4235:
4234:
4232:
4228:
4223:
4219:
4216:
4212:
4209:
4205:
4202:
4198:
4195:
4191:
4188:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4161:
4157:
4154:
4150:
4147:
4143:
4140:
4136:
4133:
4132:Puppet states
4129:
4126:
4122:
4119:
4115:
4110:
4106:
4103:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4092:
4089:
4085:
4082:
4078:
4075:
4074:Naval history
4071:
4068:
4064:
4061:
4057:
4054:
4050:
4045:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4034:
4031:
4027:
4022:
4021:United States
4018:
4015:
4011:
4008:
4004:
4003:
4001:
3997:
3994:
3990:
3987:
3983:
3980:
3976:
3973:
3969:
3966:
3962:
3959:
3955:
3950:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3927:
3923:
3916:
3912:
3909:
3905:
3900:
3896:
3893:
3889:
3886:
3882:
3881:
3877:
3872:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3861:
3858:
3854:
3853:
3850:
3846:
3839:
3834:
3832:
3827:
3825:
3820:
3819:
3816:
3812:
3797:
3793:
3789:
3784:
3772:
3768:
3764:
3761:Horan, Mark.
3759:
3748:
3744:
3739:
3732:September 20,
3724:
3720:
3716:
3711:
3696:
3692:
3685:
3680:
3679:
3661:
3657:
3656:
3650:
3649:
3644:
3642:0-87021-256-7
3638:
3634:
3629:
3625:
3623:0-87021-316-4
3619:
3615:
3611:
3607:
3603:
3601:0-682-40333-4
3597:
3593:
3588:
3584:
3582:0-7603-2052-7
3578:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3565:
3555:
3553:0-7110-0215-0
3549:
3545:
3540:
3536:
3530:
3526:
3525:
3519:
3515:
3509:
3505:
3500:
3496:
3494:0-8702-1773-9
3490:
3486:
3481:
3477:
3475:0-8050-7072-9
3471:
3467:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3450:
3444:
3439:
3438:
3431:
3427:
3425:0-316-58305-7
3421:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3399:1-59114-475-2
3395:
3391:
3386:
3382:
3380:1-59114-472-8
3376:
3372:
3367:
3363:
3361:1-86448-286-9
3357:
3353:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3316:
3312:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3291:
3285:
3281:
3276:
3272:
3270:0-14-016561-4
3266:
3262:
3261:Penguin Group
3258:
3257:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3242:0-87021-097-1
3238:
3233:
3232:
3225:
3221:
3215:
3212:. McFarland.
3211:
3206:
3202:
3200:0-8117-3030-1
3196:
3192:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3170:
3161:
3152:
3150:
3140:
3124:
3118:
3111:
3105:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3073:
3067:, pp. 211–15.
3066:
3065:War to be Won
3060:
3053:
3048:
3042:, pp. 226–27.
3041:
3040:Shame of Savo
3035:
3026:
3017:
3008:
3000:
2996:
2989:
2981:
2975:
2971:
2970:
2962:
2953:
2946:
2940:
2931:
2924:
2923:Shame of Savo
2918:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2887:
2880:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2866:
2864:
2862:
2855:, pp. 368–85.
2854:
2848:
2841:
2840:Carrier Clash
2835:
2829:
2828:Shame of Savo
2823:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2781:
2779:
2777:
2770:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2736:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2721:, pp. 235–36.
2720:
2714:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2682:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2660:
2656:
2652:
2646:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2616:
2607:
2598:
2589:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2515:
2501:
2495:
2488:
2483:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2454:
2448:
2444:
2437:
2432:
2425:
2419:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2398:
2389:
2382:
2381:radio silence
2375:
2368:
2367:
2361:
2357:
2351:
2344:
2338:
2331:
2330:
2324:
2320:
2314:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2244:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2215:
2211:
2200:
2196:
2193:
2189:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2175:
2173:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2122:
2113:
2111:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2088:
2085:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2071:
2067:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2030:
2025:
2024:
2019:
2018:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1990:
1984:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1963:
1959:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1939:
1925:
1921:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1798:
1793:
1789:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1712:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1695:
1688:
1681:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1638:
1631:
1627:
1620:
1616:
1610:
1600:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1488:
1480:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1432:Frank Getting
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1391:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1252:
1250:
1245:
1241:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1207:
1206:
1200:
1199:
1192:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1136:
1135:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1093:
1084:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1003:
998:
983:
981:
975:
973:
972:
967:
966:
962:
960:
955:
954:
949:
948:
944:
942:
937:
933:
929:
925:
924:
920:
916:
915:
910:
906:
905:
900:
899:
894:
892:
886:
883:
873:
869:
862:
861:
855:
851:
849:
845:
844:
838:
837:
832:
828:
823:
821:
820:
815:
814:heavy cruiser
811:
807:
803:
800:
796:
792:
789:
784:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
740:
725:
723:
719:
713:
711:
705:
703:
699:
693:
692:being worse.
691:
687:
683:
679:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
636:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
591:
579:
575:
571:
556:
553:
552:
549:
548:Green Islands
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
530:
526:
525:
522:
519:
518:
514:
513:
510:
509:
505:
501:
499:
498:
494:
492:
491:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
476:
472:
471:
468:
463:
453:
448:
446:
441:
439:
434:
433:
430:
418:
415:
413:
412:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
377:
373:
372:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
338:Edson's Ridge
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
320:
316:
315:
312:
307:
297:
292:
290:
285:
283:
278:
277:
274:
260:1,077 killed
259:
252:
251:
246:
243:15 destroyers
238:
231:
230:
225:
222:
211:
201:
199:
189:
188:
183:
179:
165:
164:United States
153:
150:
138:
137:
132:
124:
121:
120:
114:
85:
84:Pacific Ocean
81:
76:
73:
72:
68:
65:
64:
60:
56:
52:
46:
41:
38:
34:
29:
24:
19:
7093:Bibliography
7076:
6889:Project Hula
6854:Vistula–Oder
6823:
6756:
6747:
6731:
6701:
6650:
6634:
6625:
6616:
6582:
6479:
6394:
6370:
6340:
6091:
5984:
5929:North Africa
5631:Soviet Union
5585:Soviet Union
5511:Soviet Union
5279:Vatican City
5182:Vichy France
5087:German Reich
4984:Soviet Union
4970:South Africa
4963:Sierra Leone
4916:Newfoundland
4735:Participants
4718:Marocchinate
4422:
4413:
4383:
4261:North Africa
4222:Indian Ocean
4081:Nazi plunder
3972:Cryptography
3845:World War II
3810:
3800:. Retrieved
3791:
3775:. Retrieved
3766:
3750:. Retrieved
3746:
3730:. Retrieved
3726:(javascript)
3723:the original
3718:
3702:. Retrieved
3690:
3664:. Retrieved
3654:
3632:
3613:
3591:
3572:
3569:Hammel, Eric
3543:
3523:
3503:
3484:
3465:
3436:
3411:
3389:
3370:
3351:
3343:the original
3319:
3298:
3279:
3259:. New York:
3255:
3230:
3209:
3189:
3169:
3160:
3139:
3127:. Retrieved
3117:
3109:
3104:
3091:. Retrieved
3082:
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3059:
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2768:
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2713:
2702:
2699:Toland, John
2681:Guadalcanal.
2679:
2675:
2666:
2658:
2654:
2645:
2621:
2615:
2606:
2597:
2588:
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2388:
2374:
2365:
2350:
2337:
2328:
2323:Bougainville
2318:
2313:
2296:
2288:
2285:Ralph Talbot
2284:
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2265:Ralph Talbot
2264:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2243:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2214:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2138:
2133:for Captain
2127:
2107:
2098:New Hebrides
2094:
2081:
2075:
2069:
2065:
2063:
2048:
2043:
2039:
2034:
2028:
2022:
2016:
2010:
2006:coastwatcher
2003:
1995:
1988:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1968:
1961:
1957:
1955:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1922:
1918:
1909:Ralph Talbot
1908:
1905:Ralph Talbot
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1891:encountered
1889:Ralph Talbot
1888:
1883:
1879:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1847:in pounding
1844:
1840:
1836:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1802:
1796:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1770:
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1733:
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1693:
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1668:
1667:in pounding
1664:
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1629:
1618:
1617:
1608:
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1587:
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1528:
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1520:
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1515:
1510:
1506:
1499:
1495:
1490:
1486:
1485:The crew of
1484:
1478:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1439:
1435:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
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1404:
1400:
1396:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1375:
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1369:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1328:
1326:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1305:Ralph Talbot
1304:
1300:
1298:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1237:
1225:
1216:
1210:
1204:
1198:Ralph Talbot
1197:
1189:
1182:
1175:
1168:
1161:
1154:
1147:
1140:
1133:
1118:
1111:
1104:
1097:
1091:
1089:
1070:
1058:
1037:
1026:
1016:Bougainville
1009:
976:
970:
964:
958:
952:
946:
940:
936:Aritomo Goto
922:
913:
903:
897:
890:
887:
882:Eighth Fleet
879:
870:
866:
859:
842:
835:
824:
818:
799:Rear Admiral
788:Vice Admiral
785:
742:
714:
706:
694:
675:Rear Admiral
656:Vice Admiral
637:
615:between the
613:World War II
601:naval battle
596:
577:
573:
569:
567:
543:Bougainville
507:
503:
496:
489:
410:
405:Tassafaronga
379:
134:Belligerents
54:
50:
37:World War II
31:Part of the
18:
6824:Bodenplatte
6710:Gothic Line
5936:West Africa
5483:Philippines
5462:Netherlands
5327:Czech lands
5265:Switzerland
5209:Afghanistan
5153:Philippines
5021:Puerto Rico
4937:Philippines
4923:New Zealand
4909:Netherlands
4862:Free France
4613:Prosecution
4414:Osoaviakhim
4284:West Africa
4268:East Africa
3915:Conferences
3752:October 19,
3181:Works cited
2925:, pp. 43–44
2851:Lundstrom,
2583:Frank, 1990
1965:destroyers
1582:, followed
1409:star shells
1124:Savo Island
1012:Buka Island
667:New Ireland
663:New Britain
633:Guadalcanal
609:Pacific War
484:Guadalcanal
236:1 destroyer
108: /
80:Savo Island
7116:Categories
6924:West Hunan
6757:Pointblank
6093:Silver Fox
6079:Summer War
5832:Winter War
5811:Phoney War
5592:Azerbaijan
5553:Yugoslavia
5448:Luxembourg
5290:Resistance
5030:Yugoslavia
4895:Luxembourg
4697:Sook Ching
4493:War crimes
4095:Technology
4088:Opposition
4030:Lend-Lease
4007:Australian
4000:Home front
3958:Blitzkrieg
3908:Casualties
3899:Commanders
3871:Operations
3704:August 11,
3457:1138726900
3093:August 10,
3083:Microworks
2510:References
2356:Aichi E13A
2319:Meiyo Maru
1174:HMAS
1101:, cruiser
1096:HMAS
858:HMAS
817:HMAS
728:Background
640:amphibious
368:Mt. Austen
358:Koli Point
253:58 killed
6989:Manchuria
6875:Indochina
6651:Bagration
6102:Lithuania
5747:Anschluss
5544:Viet Minh
5441:Lithuania
5383:Hong Kong
5146:Manchukuo
5101:Azad Hind
4760:Australia
4560:Aftermath
4423:Paperclip
4318:Aftermath
4118:Total war
3986:Diplomacy
3949:In Europe
3339:561214425
3317:(2011) .
3108:Hackett,
2767:Morison,
2640:. p. 188.
2364:USS
2327:USS
2289:Patterson
2269:Patterson
2253:Vincennes
2074:USS
2029:Vincennes
1974:USS
1969:Selfridge
1967:USS
1958:Patterson
1947:Patterson
1928:Aftermath
1873:Vincennes
1869:Vincennes
1861:Vincennes
1853:Vincennes
1849:Vincennes
1829:Vincennes
1825:Vincennes
1817:Vincennes
1813:Vincennes
1704:Patterson
1609:Patterson
1541:Patterson
1533:Patterson
1525:Patterson
1521:Patterson
1517:Patterson
1416:Patterson
1405:Patterson
1397:Patterson
1390:Patterson
1338:USS
1299:To avoid
1249:Australia
1244:Australia
1203:USS
1196:USS
1167:USS
1160:USS
1153:USS
1146:USS
1139:USS
1134:Vincennes
1132:USS
1117:USS
1112:Patterson
1110:USS
1103:USS
1092:Australia
1048:Milne Bay
1025:USS
919:destroyer
841:USS
831:Tanambogo
819:Australia
702:beachhead
652:destroyer
584:第一次ソロモン海戦
497:Vengeance
178:Australia
7100:Category
7049:document
6959:document
6816:Ardennes
6800:Budapest
6748:Crossbow
6626:Overlord
6465:Smolensk
5683:Timeline
5518:Slovakia
5504:Thailand
5355:Ethiopia
5320:Bulgaria
5244:Portugal
5175:Thailand
5057:Bulgaria
4835:Eswatini
4828:Ethiopia
4781:Bulgaria
4606:Unit 731
4567:Response
4384:Keelhaul
4334:Cold War
4307:Americas
4298:timeline
4291:Atlantic
4171:Theaters
3796:Archived
3771:Archived
3695:Archived
3660:Archived
3571:(1999).
3410:(1958).
3253:(1990).
3129:April 4,
3087:Archived
3063:Murray,
3038:Loxton,
2921:Loxton,
2912:, p. 21.
2892:Coombe,
2842:, p. 99.
2838:Hammel,
2826:Loxton,
2701:(1970).
2626:Archived
2424:Canberra
2261:Canberra
2228:Kinugasa
2178:See also
2082:Admiral
2060:Japanese
2040:Canberra
2035:Canberra
1981:Canberra
1962:Canberra
1951:Canberra
1893:Furutaka
1857:Kinugasa
1841:Kinugasa
1726:Furutaka
1680:Kinugasa
1657:Kinugasa
1580:Canberra
1576:Furutaka
1549:Canberra
1545:Canberra
1529:Kinugasa
1491:Canberra
1467:Canberra
1463:Canberra
1451:Furutaka
1440:Canberra
1436:Canberra
1428:Canberra
1420:Canberra
1401:Kinugasa
1349:Furutaka
1309:schooner
1273:Furutaka
1269:Kinugasa
1190:Buchanan
1169:San Juan
1098:Canberra
1065:Choiseul
965:Furutaka
959:Furutaka
956:and the
953:Kinugasa
917:and the
895:cruiser
860:Canberra
810:flagship
650:and one
648:cruisers
599:, was a
538:Choiseul
380:Savo Is.
227:Strength
96:159°49′E
74:Location
7026:Shumshu
6793:Hungary
6740:Estonia
6724:Lapland
6702:Dragoon
6635:Neptune
6617:Ichi-Go
6583:Tempest
6525:Changde
6480:Cottage
6372:Jubilee
6088:Finland
5986:Compass
5692:Prelude
5645:Finland
5531:Vietnam
5497:Romania
5369:Germany
5348:Estonia
5334:Denmark
5313:Belgium
5306:Austria
5299:Albania
5230:Ireland
5216:Andorra
5200:Neutral
5160:Romania
5094:Hungary
5079:Finland
4951:Romania
4843:Finland
4821:Denmark
4767:Belgium
4753:Algeria
4459:Romania
4445:Hungary
4201:Pacific
3925:General
3879:Leaders
3864:Battles
3857:Outline
3802:May 17,
3777:May 17,
3666:May 17,
2717:Hogue,
2465:Astoria
2458:Astoria
2436:Chicago
2281:Chicago
2273:Chicago
2257:Astoria
2236:Kavieng
2139:Chicago
2137:of the
2131:censure
2049:Chicago
2017:Astoria
1996:Astoria
1989:Astoria
1843:joined
1809:Astoria
1694:Astoria
1673:Astoria
1669:Astoria
1663:joined
1649:Astoria
1637:Astoria
1630:Astoria
1619:Astoria
1507:Chicago
1500:Chicago
1487:Chicago
1424:Chicago
1259:, with
1217:Chicago
1183:Monssen
1141:Astoria
1105:Chicago
1042:(RAAF)
991:Prelude
928:Kavieng
795:carrier
607:of the
603:of the
7003:Debate
6975:Taipei
6968:Borneo
6546:Tarawa
5740:Europe
5701:Africa
5490:Poland
5476:Norway
5455:Malaya
5434:Latvia
5376:Greece
5362:France
5258:Sweden
5223:Bhutan
4944:Poland
4930:Norway
4902:Mexico
4869:Greece
4855:France
4793:Canada
4774:Brazil
4744:Allies
4690:Serbia
4679:Poland
4452:Poland
4438:Baltic
4231:Europe
3933:Topics
3885:Allied
3639:
3620:
3598:
3579:
3550:
3531:
3510:
3491:
3472:
3455:
3445:
3422:
3396:
3377:
3358:
3337:
3327:
3306:
3286:
3267:
3239:
3216:
3197:
2976:
2904:Dull,
2877:Dull,
2636:
2500:Quincy
2487:Jarvis
2472:Chōkai
2447:Yūnagi
2443:Jarvis
2277:Jarvis
2249:Quincy
2224:Tenryū
2220:Chōkai
2144:Balboa
2066:Chōkai
2044:Quincy
2023:Quincy
2011:Jarvis
1933:Allied
1901:Yūbari
1899:, and
1897:Tenryū
1884:Wilson
1865:Yūbari
1837:Chōkai
1805:Quincy
1797:Yūbari
1786:Quincy
1771:Quincy
1760:Quincy
1753:Chōkai
1749:Quincy
1745:Tenryū
1741:Quincy
1734:Quincy
1730:Tenryū
1728:, and
1718:Quincy
1711:Quincy
1700:Quincy
1687:Chōkai
1665:Chōkai
1659:, and
1645:Chōkai
1615:guns.
1588:Tenryū
1584:Yūbari
1572:Yūbari
1568:Tenryū
1561:Jarvis
1557:Yūnagi
1553:Bagley
1537:Bagley
1511:Tenryū
1498:, hit
1479:Chokai
1447:Chōkai
1384:Chōkai
1380:Chōkai
1372:Jarvis
1365:Jarvis
1361:Tenryū
1357:Jarvis
1353:Jarvis
1345:Jarvis
1340:Jarvis
1329:Yūnagi
1285:Yūnagi
1283:, and
1281:Yūbari
1277:Tenryū
1257:Chōkai
1176:Hobart
1162:Wilson
1148:Quincy
1119:Bagley
1006:right)
986:Battle
961:-class
943:-class
938:: the
923:Yūnagi
914:Yūbari
904:Tenryū
898:Chōkai
893:-class
843:Jarvis
827:Gavutu
773:Rabaul
769:supply
751:, and
749:Tulagi
621:Allied
479:Tulagi
328:Tenaru
323:Tulagi
175:
161:
146:
122:Result
55:Chōkai
51:Quincy
6779:Leyte
6609:Narva
6595:Anzio
6553:Makin
6511:Burma
6395:Torch
6364:Rzhev
6325:Kiska
5411:Korea
5397:Japan
5390:Italy
5272:Tibet
5251:Spain
5122:Italy
4883:Italy
4876:India
4800:China
4675:Japan
4275:Italy
4187:China
4139:Women
3698:(PDF)
3687:(PDF)
2475:'
2468:'
2461:'
2439:'
2206:Notes
1999:'
1992:'
1979:sank
1976:Ellet
1803:Like
1774:'
1763:'
1756:'
1737:'
1714:'
1707:'
1690:'
1683:'
1676:'
1640:'
1633:'
1622:'
1612:'
1503:'
1443:'
1393:'
1220:'
1213:radar
1188:USS
1020:Kieta
891:Takao
757:bases
669:down
374:Naval
149:Japan
93:9°8′S
6845:1945
6573:1944
6414:1943
6342:Blue
6332:Attu
6239:1942
5998:1941
5850:1940
5788:1939
5717:Asia
5564:POWs
5404:Jews
5115:Iraq
5041:Axis
4991:Tuva
4807:Cuba
3892:Axis
3804:2006
3779:2006
3754:2019
3734:2012
3706:2006
3668:2006
3637:ISBN
3618:ISBN
3596:ISBN
3577:ISBN
3548:ISBN
3529:ISBN
3508:ISBN
3489:ISBN
3470:ISBN
3453:OCLC
3443:ISBN
3420:ISBN
3394:ISBN
3375:ISBN
3356:ISBN
3335:OCLC
3325:ISBN
3304:ISBN
3284:ISBN
3265:ISBN
3237:ISBN
3214:ISBN
3195:ISBN
3131:2021
3095:2006
2974:ISBN
2634:ISBN
2445:and
2411:Blue
2407:Blue
2403:Blue
2366:Wasp
2329:S-38
2304:and
2232:Kako
2100:and
2076:S-44
2070:Kako
2042:and
1972:and
1945:and
1943:Blue
1882:and
1880:Helm
1845:Kako
1821:Kako
1807:and
1767:Aoba
1722:Aoba
1661:Kako
1653:Aoba
1586:and
1570:and
1543:and
1496:Kako
1459:Kako
1457:and
1455:Aoba
1449:and
1422:and
1334:port
1321:Blue
1317:Blue
1313:Blue
1301:Blue
1289:Blue
1265:Kako
1261:Aoba
1205:Blue
1186:and
1181:USS
1172:and
1158:and
1155:Helm
1144:and
1115:and
1094:and
1027:S-38
971:Kako
968:and
950:and
947:Aoba
941:Aoba
911:and
829:and
665:and
619:and
568:The
506:and
490:I-Go
317:Land
78:Off
66:Date
49:USS
2995:MHQ
907:of
611:of
35:of
7118::
6593:/
3794:.
3790:.
3769:.
3765:.
3745:.
3717:.
3693:.
3689:.
3451:.
3418:.
3333:.
3263:.
3148:^
3085:.
3081:.
2999:11
2997:.
2885:^
2860:^
2775:^
2726:^
2688:^
2678:.
2674:.
2657:.
2653:.
2518:^
2146:,
2056:.
1895:,
1851:.
1811:,
1724:,
1655:,
1551:.
1426:.
1279:,
1275:,
1271:,
1267:,
1263:,
1137:,
850:.
822:.
747:,
724:.
704:.
635:.
587:,
508:SE
504:SO
411:Ke
82:,
6096:)
6090:(
4957:)
4953:(
4889:)
4885:(
4849:)
4845:(
4787:)
4783:(
3837:e
3830:t
3823:v
3806:.
3781:.
3756:.
3736:.
3708:.
3645:.
3626:.
3604:.
3585:.
3556:.
3537:.
3516:.
3497:.
3478:.
3459:.
3428:.
3402:.
3383:.
3364:.
3310:.
3292:.
3273:.
3245:.
3222:.
3203:.
3133:.
3112:.
3099:.
3097:.
2982:.
2943:"
2308:.
2201:)
2194:)
2187:)
593:)
581:(
451:e
444:t
437:v
295:e
288:t
281:v
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