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477:, which was erected c. 3500 BC, is 34 metres in diameter and has a distinctive box-like chamber. The leading edge of the covering stone over the entrance bears marks which may represent the only megalithic art so far found at Carrowmore. Three large boulders were found beside the central chamber and under the cairn; these could be the remains of a destroyed passage or of a megalithic construction predating the cairn. As many of the satellite tombs face the central area, the location of Tomb 51 appears to have been the focal point around which the cemetery developed. This monument was found to contain unburned bones as well as cremations.
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438:, the material of choice for the tombs. Sometimes a second, inner boulder circle is also present. Entrance stones (or passage stones, crude double rows of standing stones) extend from the central feature, showing the intended orientation of the dolmens. They are not oriented to points of the compass but generally face towards the area of the central cairn. In four examples, monuments are situated in pairs.
617:
dates demonstrated that the
Carrowmore monuments are shown to have spanned the era circa 3750 BC to circa 3000 BC. This data set is supported by palaeo-environmental studies in adjacent lakes conducted by Stolze, O'Connell, Ghilardi and others, showing farming activity coincident with or preceding monument use.
616:
community. For example, a sample taken from the chamber of
Carrowmore 3 was claimed to indicate a date of 5400 BC. Burenhult's theory of Mesolithic tomb builders, first presented in 1982, received critical revision in the quarter century that followed. A source critical review and 25 new radiocarbon
382:
Thirty monuments survive in
Carrowmore today. There may have been more monuments in the complex originally, but some fell victim to quarrying and field clearance during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries. The complex is about one kilometre north-south and 600 metres east-west. Most of the sites
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dump on a quarry site about 100 yards from part of the complex. The council's decision was contested by five local residents in the High Court, in Dublin in late 1983, and the High Court ruled that the County
Council could proceed with its plans, on certain conditions. The case was appealed to the
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visited the site in 1779 and illustrated some of the monuments. These drawings are a valuable record of the state of
Carrowmore at the time, showing some monuments now destroyed or damaged. Many artistic impressions of the monuments through the ages are preserved. Early photographers, such as W.A.
650:
Research at
Carrowmore has helped clarify the chronology of the development of the passage tomb tradition in Ireland. Although some important Irish passage tomb sites are not dated, and early dates have been obtained elsewhere it is possible that Carrowmore represents some of the earliest passage
504:
Early unrecorded antiquarian digs disturbed the
Carrowmore tombs, such as conducted by local landlord Rodger Walker in the 19th century. Walker kept poor records of his activities, and his excavations were essentially treasure hunts to augment his antiquities collection. Some of the material
673:
may represent a later phase of megalith-building of greater scale and ambition than the earliest passage tombs. The area of the Cúil Irra peninsula and its hinterlands is dotted with such tombs, often on hilltops, which inspired Stefan Bergh to style it the "Landscape of the
Monuments".
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road, approximately 2 km (1.2 mi) east of
Ransboro crossroads. It houses an exhibition and, from March to the end of October, provides both guided tours and multi-lingual self-guide options for the Carrowmore megaliths. Most of the tombs can be accessed from there.
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Tradition. However, in some respects the
Carrowmore sites are atypical passage tombs. For example, none of the tombs have lintel-covered, tunnel-like, passages that are a feature of most Irish passage tombs, and only one site (Tomb 51, Listoghil) possesses a cairn.
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Each monument was built on a small level platform of earth and stone. This is one of the secrets of the dolmens' longevity; a well-executed stone packing surrounded the base of the upright stones, locking them in place. One of the satellite tombs, Tomb 27, has a
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fragments accompanied most of the burials; this material clearly had ritual significance in the passage tomb tradition. The discovery of antler pins and shellfish in the chambers might suggest that the earliest monuments were built by people who followed
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The analysis of ancient DNA derived from human bone shows a web of connections between occupants of monuments of the Irish Passage Tomb Tradition. A male buried in Listoghil, Carrowmore, showed a detectable kin relationship to three others, buried in
634:. This (combined with stable isotope results indicating a more protein rich diet than that of the general Neolithic population) was suggested to indicate a dynastic elite lineage buried in these prestigious locations in the Neolithic era.
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from the survey and excavation project in the 1970s, 80s and 90s by Professor Göran Bürenhult generated some controversy at the time, as Burenhult interpreted the dates to indicate that the monuments were erected and used by a
922:
Schulting, R., McClatchie, M., Sheridan, A., McLaughlin, R., Barratt, P., & Whitehouse, N. (2017). Radiocarbon Dating of a Multi-phase Passage Tomb on Baltinglass Hill, Co. Wicklow, Ireland. Proceedings of the Prehistoric
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A notable feature of the judgment was that it marked the first explicit legal recognition of the idea of an architectural landscape, extending the legal protection of a national monument to include the surrounding area.
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In 1989–90 the State purchased approximately 25 acres (10 ha), on which stood a number of monuments and a small cottage. The cottage was developed for use as a basic visitor interpretative facility run by the
704:, this development marked the first stage in developing the Carrowmore archaeological complex for public access. Later land purchases means that most of the site is now under public ownership.
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Excavations led by the Swedish archaeologist Göran Burenhult were conducted over two seasonal campaigns, 1977–1982 and 1994–1998. Ten tombs were fully or partially excavated.
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306:(New Stone Age). There are thirty surviving tombs, making Carrowmore one of the largest clusters of megalithic tombs in Ireland, and one of the 'big four' along with
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A 7000-year record of environmental change, including early farming impact, based on lake-sediment geochemistry and pollen data from County Sligo, western Ireland
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658:. The role of megaliths as monuments and foci of ceremony and celebration, as well as markers on the landscape is emphasised by archaeologists such as
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434:. These were each enclosed by a boulder circle of 12 to 15 metres in diameter. The boulder circles contain 30 to 40 boulders, usually of
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Carrowmore represents a foundation point and a centre point in a Neolithic landscape. The building of large cairns such as Listoghil or
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Carrowmore was the subject of an extended legal battle during the 1980s when in 1983 Sligo County Council sought to place a municipal
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Placed on a small plateau at an altitude of between 36.5 and 59 metres above sea level Carrowmore is the focal point of a prehistoric
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The chambers contained the remains of multiple individuals. Most of the Neolithic burials at Carrowmore appear to have been
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Unpicking the Chronology of Carrowmore. Bergh, S & Hensey, R. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 32(4) 343–366, 2013.
366:, and along the eastern boundary of the peninsula the Ballygawley Mountains have four passage tombs at their peaks.
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Green and R.J. Welch of the Belfast Photographer's club made records just after the turn of the twentieth century.
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for the Inner Relief Road route in Maugheraboy near Sligo – three kilometres from Carrowmore – have shown that a
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A century of archaeology—historical excavation and modern research at the Carrowkeel passage tombs, County Sligo
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existed at the same time as Carrowmore. Causewayed enclosures are diagnostic of Neolithic activity in Europe.
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Because of the clustering of the monuments, certain morphological features presented by the tombs, and the
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are "satellite tombs" which surround the largest monument, placed on the high point of the plateau, the
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2019:
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Landscape of the monuments. A study of the passage tombs in the Cúil Irra region, Co. Sligo, Ireland
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662:; but they were also memorials to particular lineages and possibly individuals from elite groups.
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The monuments (in their original state) consisted of a central dolmen-like megalith with 5 upright
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Monumental beginnings: the archaeology of the N4 Sligo Inner Relief Road (NRA Scheme Monograph 1)
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Ancient genetics now indicate a large scale dispersal of farming communities whose origin was in
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in 1837, while William Gregory Wood-Martin made the first recorded excavations in the 1880s.
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artefacts make it unlikely – according to Burenhult – that such cairns ever existed.
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Tomb 7, a dolmen within a stone circle; one of the Carrowmore 'satellite tombs'.
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Altering the Earth. The Origins of Monuments in Britain and Continental Europe
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lifeways; but the presence of small amounts of Carrowkeel ware Neolithic
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The Neolithic Dates from Carrowmore 1978–98; A source critical review
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The small Carrowmore dolmens seem not to have been covered by stone
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is typical of that of the Irish passage tomb tradition. It includes
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in Northumberland, England The sites were surveyed and numbered by
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and bone pins with mushroom shaped heads and stone or clay balls.
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1008:, Bradley, R. Edinburgh: Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 1993.
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of material found within some of the monuments, Carrowmore – like
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on top. To the east, in Carns townland, two large cairns overlook
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plan, a feature seen in the chambers of later passage tombs like
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Ancient DNA in Ireland: Isolation, immigration and elite incest
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Ancient DNA in Ireland: Isolation, immigration and elite incest
732:. Stockholm: Riksantikvarieämbetet Arkeologiska Undersökningar
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Hensey, Robert; Meehan, Pádraig; Dowd, Marion and Moore, Sam.
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bearing a roughly conical capstone on top, enclosing a small
410:– is classified by archaeologists as being part of the Irish
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454:. The roof – now gone – may have been of stone slabs or
342:
A map of Carrowmore by W. G. Wood-Martin in his article
960:"The Supreme Court decision on Carrowmore was welcomed"
949:. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 2014, p. 1-30
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Supreme Court which ruled against the Council in 1989.
1014:, Danagher, E. Dublin: National Roads Authority, 2007.
991:, Burenhult, G, British Archaeology 82, 2005, pp22–27.
786:
The Journal of Irish Archaeology Vol 11. pp. 147–187.
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was excavated in 1996-8. Excavations conducted by the
892:
O’Connell, M., Ghilardi, B. and Morrison, L. (2014).
378:
Tomb 52 with the cairn of Listoghil in the background
2755:Archaeological museums in the Republic of Ireland
2716:
830:http://www.archaeologyuk.org/ba/ba82/feat2.shtml
1027:- detailed information on the Carrowmore sites
588:: although such ideas were once popular among
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16:Megalithic cemetery in County Sligo, Ireland
752:Dublin. Irish University Press. pps 14–18.
286:, 'the great quarter') is a large group of
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1051:
997:, Bergh, S. University of Stockholm, 1995.
784:Roger Chambers Walker: A Sligo Antiquarian
868:Bergh, Stefan and Hensey, Robert (2013)
847:Bergh, Stefan and Hensey, Robert (2013)
641:
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318:. Carrowmore is the heart of an ancient
461:
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870:Unpicking the chronology of Carrowmore
354:which is dominated by the mountain of
322:which is dominated by the mountain of
19:For the townland in County Cavan, see
2730:Cemeteries in the Republic of Ireland
1046:
562:at these sites is also suggestive of
536:
516:
2725:Archaeological sites in County Sligo
707:The small farmhouse is close to the
603:
358:to the west with the great cairn of
1298:Megaliths in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
1033:– official site at Heritage Ireland
480:
344:The Rude Stone Monuments of Ireland
13:
2745:National monuments in County Sligo
418:
298:, Ireland. They were built in the
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14:
2766:
1835:Great Dolmen of Comenda da Igreja
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253:Carrowmore Passage Tomb Cemetery
66:
59:
43:
2740:Megalithic monuments in Ireland
2322:List of recumbent stone circles
952:
939:
926:
916:
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326:to the west. It is a protected
2735:4th-millennium BC architecture
1400:List of multiple-stone circles
1037:Carrowmore Megalithic Cemetery
1031:Carrowmore Megalithic Cemetery
886:
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762:
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651:tombs constructed in Ireland.
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29:Carrowmore Megalithic Cemetery
1:
874:Oxford Journal of Archaeology
823:Carrowmore: Tombs for Hunters
715:
637:
2699:Photographs of stone circles
243:National monument of Ireland
7:
1850:Vale Maria do Meio Cromlech
1820:Barreira Megalithic Complex
1318:Route of Megalithic Culture
333:
10:
2771:
2170:Long Meg and Her Daughters
1968:Dolmen del prado de Lácara
1815:Great Dolmen of Zambujeiro
1395:List of five-stone circles
1369:La Gran'mère du Chimquière
995:Landscape of the Monuments
982:
782:Ireland, Aideen M. (2002)
18:
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2588:St Lythans burial chamber
2475:
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2268:
2037:
2028:
2012:
1996:
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1871:Dolmens of North Caucasus
1863:
1765:Anta do Alto da Toupeira
1742:
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1415:Ardristan standing stones
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1039:– official Facebook page.
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2704:Middle Eastern megaliths
2603:Tŷ Newydd Burial Chamber
1800:Anta da Pedra dos Mouros
1530:Templebryan Stone Circle
1430:Brennanstown Portal Tomb
1182:Broken Menhir of Er Grah
835:29 November 2014 at the
821:Burenhult Göran, (2005)
527:National Roads Authority
124:54.2508556°N 8.5191667°W
98:Atlantic Megalithic Zone
21:Carrowmore, County Cavan
2750:Museums in County Sligo
2654:Concentric stone circle
1938:Chabola de la Hechicera
1805:Anta das Pedras Grandes
1795:Antas do Olival da Pêga
1455:Castlenalacht Stone Row
1288:Lancken-Granitz dolmens
1187:Dolmen de Mané-Kerioned
932:Cassidy, Lara. (2020).
909:Cassidy, Lara. (2020).
748:Herity, Michael (1974)
2694:Recumbent stone circle
2090:Burnmoor stone circles
1933:Antequera Dolmens Site
1881:Megaliths in the Urals
1308:Oldendorfer Totenstatt
1222:Locmariaquer megaliths
1172:Menhir de Champ-Dolent
702:Office of Public Works
647:
541:The Carrowmore burial
494:
471:
444:cruciform passage tomb
387:(now restored) called
379:
347:
283:
129:54.2508556; -8.5191667
2548:Lligwy Burial Chamber
2200:Nine Stones, Altarnun
2004:Obelisk of Theodosius
1953:Dolmen of Guadalperal
1825:Dolmen of Cunha Baixa
1682:Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum
1475:Gaulstown Portal Tomb
1465:Creevykeel Court Tomb
1012:Monumental Beginnings
936:. British Archaeology
913:. British Archaeology
728:Bergh, Stefan (1995)
645:
488:
469:
377:
341:
197:Excavation dates
2523:Carreg Coetan Arthur
1963:Dolmen de la Pastora
1830:Dolmen of Carapito I
1790:Anta do Monte Abraão
1420:Beltany stone circle
1252:Verziau of Gargantua
966:on 19 September 2015
876:, 32 (4) pp 343–366
802:Danagher, Ed (2007)
750:Irish Passage Graves
531:causewayed enclosure
505:recovered is now at
470:Listoghil or Tomb 51
462:Listoghil or Tomb 51
200:1977–1980, 1994–1998
143:Passage tomb complex
75:Shown within Ireland
2573:Parc Cwm long cairn
2483:Barclodiad y Gawres
1687:Xagħra Stone Circle
1485:Grange stone circle
1460:Castlestrange Stone
898:Quaternary Research
826:British Archaeology
208:Partially preserved
120: /
30:
2644:Axial stone circle
2412:Loanhead of Daviot
2407:Kirkton of Bourtie
2402:Easter Aquhorthies
2080:Brown Willy Cairns
1983:La Torre–La Janera
1810:Anta da Vidigueira
1775:Anta de Carcavelos
1750:Almendres Cromlech
1577:Megalithic Temples
1540:Uragh Stone Circle
1520:Poulnabrone dolmen
1323:Sieben Steinhäuser
882:10.1111/ojoa.12019
770:"Gabriel Beranger"
648:
537:Excavation results
517:Recent excavations
495:
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380:
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258:Reference no.
229:Public access
216:Public and private
28:
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2327:Auld Bourtreebush
2205:Nine Stones Close
1948:Dolmen de Axeitos
1840:Menhir of Outeiro
1770:Antas do Barrocal
1755:Anta de Adrenunes
1626:Qortin l-Imdawwar
1435:Brownshill dolmen
1354:Le Creux ès Faïes
1242:Tombeau de Merlin
1177:Dolmen de Bagneux
1157:Tumulus of Bougon
989:Tombs for Hunters
811:978-1-905569-15-1
630:, Millin Bay and
609:Radiocarbon dates
604:Radiocarbon dates
493:in the background
328:National Monument
300:4th millennium BC
292:Coolera Peninsula
290:monuments on the
273:
272:
2762:
2513:Bryn Gwyn stones
2503:Bryn Cader Faner
2382:Clach an Trushal
2269:Northern Ireland
2220:Rudston Monolith
2035:
2034:
1886:Russian geoglyph
1845:Menhir of Bulhoa
1785:Antas da Valeira
1505:Meehambee Dolmen
1303:Niedertiefenbach
1278:Fraubillen cross
1212:Hotié de Viviane
1197:Gallardet Dolmen
1162:Caixa de Rotllan
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962:. Archived from
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498:Gabriel Beranger
481:Research history
352:ritual landscape
320:ritual landscape
284:An Cheathrú Mhór
186:Neolithic Europe
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2427:Ring of Brodgar
2417:Lochmaben Stone
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2185:Mitchell's Fold
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2020:Boundary Stones
2008:
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1978:Dolmen de Viera
1958:Dolmen of Menga
1943:Cova d'en Daina
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1760:Anta de Agualva
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837:Wayback Machine
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623:
614:hunter gatherer
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372:
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294:to the west of
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1552:
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1364:Les Fouillages
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1110:Gobustan Rocks
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2568:Moel Tŷ Uchaf
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2533:Coetan Arthur
2531:
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2528:Carreg Samson
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491:Maeve's Cairn
489:Tomb 13 with
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302:, during the
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250:Official name
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224:Admission Fee
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112:54°15′03.08″N
105:
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62:
53:
46:
41:
37:
32:
26:
22:
2684:Stone circle
2563:Meini Hirion
2518:Capel Garmon
2306:Giant's Ring
2235:Stanton Drew
2190:Mulfra Quoit
2155:Hordron Edge
2145:Grey Wethers
2115:Drizzlecombe
2055:Barbrook One
1651:Ta' Raddiena
1646:Ta' Marżiena
1500:Knocknakilla
1449:
1445:Carrigagulla
1359:Déhus Dolmen
1094:Zorats Karer
1011:
1005:
1000:
994:
988:
968:. Retrieved
964:the original
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933:
928:
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590:antiquarians
583:
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422:
412:Passage Tomb
393:
381:
349:
343:
275:
274:
167:3700–2900 BC
115:8°31′09.00″W
88:County Sligo
35:
25:
2617:Isle of Man
2598:Tinkinswood
2583:Pentre Ifan
2543:Llanfechell
2538:Foel Chwern
2488:Bedd Arthur
2442:Steinacleit
2195:Nine Ladies
2165:Leper Stone
2075:Bridestones
2065:Boscawen-Un
1917:Stone ships
1895:Scandinavia
1696:Netherlands
1631:Santa Verna
1535:Turoe Stone
1510:Mount Venus
1313:Riesenstein
1237:Peyre-Brune
1126:Beglik Tash
900:, 81, 35–49
678:Dump Crisis
621:Ancient DNA
566:influence.
370:Description
159:, limestone
127: /
103:Coordinates
2719:Categories
2608:Whetstones
2593:Trefignath
2558:Maen Madoc
2462:Tyrebagger
2457:Tomnaverie
2387:Colmeallie
2336:Callanish
2296:Drumskinny
2240:Stonehenge
2175:Mên-an-Tol
2150:Hoarstones
2130:Five Wells
2095:Castlerigg
1907:Runestones
1719:Brąchnówko
1641:Ta' Ħaġrat
1490:High cross
1450:Carrowmore
1374:Le Trépied
1328:Wotanstein
1103:Azerbaijan
857:10379/3570
828:Issue 82.
738:9171929452
716:References
671:Knocknarea
638:Discussion
632:Carrowkeel
598:Bronze Age
575:Bronze Age
571:cremations
543:assemblage
452:Carrowkeel
429:pentagonal
425:orthostats
408:Carrowkeel
396:assemblage
364:Lough Gill
356:Knocknarea
324:Knocknarea
308:Carrowkeel
288:megalithic
276:Carrowmore
221:Management
192:Site notes
2689:Stone row
2669:Harrespil
2553:Maen Llia
2397:Drybridge
2392:Dunnideer
2377:Cat Stane
2332:Balquhain
2301:Legananny
2286:Beaghmore
2215:Rollright
2085:Bull Ring
2070:Boskednan
2045:Arbor Low
1988:Son Matge
1724:Grzybnica
1611:Ħal Ġinwi
1606:Ħaġar Qim
1268:Altendorf
1232:Paddaghju
1227:Mane Braz
1207:Harrespil
1075:megaliths
1073:European
628:Newgrange
579:Iron Ages
523:Listoghil
475:Listoghil
456:corbelled
448:Newgrange
404:Loughcrew
400:Newgrange
389:Listoghil
312:Loughcrew
304:Neolithic
213:Ownership
205:Condition
176:Neolithic
90:, Ireland
2452:Sunhoney
2447:Strichen
2437:Stenness
2315:Scotland
2281:Ballynoe
2276:Aughlish
2250:Swinside
2245:Stripple
2225:Scorhill
2140:Goodaver
2125:Fernacre
2110:Doll Tor
2060:Birkrigg
1743:Portugal
1666:Tas-Silġ
1656:Tal-Qadi
1601:Ġgantija
1596:Debdieba
1495:Kealkill
1425:Bohonagh
1410:Ardgroom
1379:La Varde
1342:Guernsey
1273:Denghoog
1217:Kerzérho
1202:Gavrinis
1192:Filitosa
1152:Barnenez
1119:Bulgaria
1089:Metsamor
923:Society.
833:Archived
792:30001663
684:landfill
656:Anatolia
334:Location
182:Cultures
153:Material
84:Location
2637:General
2498:Bodowyr
2432:Sheldon
2422:Pictish
2260:Trippet
2230:Stannon
2160:Hurlers
2050:Avebury
2038:England
2031:Kingdom
2013:Ukraine
1734:Węsiory
1703:Hunebed
1671:Xemxija
1661:Tarxien
1621:Mnajdra
1591:Buġibba
1470:Drombeg
1388:Ireland
1333:Züschen
1283:Harhoog
1261:Germany
1247:Tremeca
1082:Armenia
983:Sources
872:in the
564:farming
560:pottery
346:(1886).
172:Periods
164:Founded
148:History
2674:Menhir
2659:Dolmen
2372:Carlin
2291:Corick
2210:Pipers
2029:United
1997:Turkey
1864:Russia
1712:Poland
1636:Skorba
1616:Kordin
1549:Jersey
1167:Carnac
1145:France
970:12 May
809:
790:
756:
736:
646:Tomb 4
586:cairns
551:Quartz
547:antler
436:gneiss
157:Gneiss
95:Region
2664:Henge
2476:Wales
2120:Duloe
1926:Spain
1570:Malta
1525:Reask
1293:Lohra
1131:Garlo
896:. in
788:JSTOR
594:Roman
385:cairn
296:Sligo
280:Irish
2360:VIII
1729:Odry
972:2014
807:ISBN
754:ISBN
734:ISBN
709:R292
596:and
577:and
406:and
314:and
140:Type
2350:III
878:doi
852:hdl
669:on
581:.
450:or
261:153
232:Yes
2721::
2355:IV
2345:II
458:.
402:,
391:.
330:.
310:,
282::
2365:X
2340:I
1678:)
1579:(
1066:e
1059:t
1052:v
974:.
880::
854::
772:.
278:(
23:.
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