Central African Republic

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Eileen; Sechrest, Wes; Price, Lori; Baillie, Jonathan E. M.; Weeden, Don; Suckling, Kierán; Davis, Crystal; Sizer, Nigel; Moore, Rebecca; Thau, David; Birch, Tanya; Potapov, Peter; Turubanova, Svetlana; Tyukavina, Alexandra; de Souza, Nadia; Pintea, Lilian; Brito, José C.; Llewellyn, Othman A.; Miller, Anthony G.; Patzelt, Annette; Ghazanfar, Shahina A.; Timberlake, Jonathan; Klöser, Heinz; Shennan-Farpón, Yara; Kindt, Roeland; Lillesø, Jens-Peter Barnekow; van Breugel, Paulo; Graudal, Lars; Voge, Maianna; Al-Shammari, Khalaf F.; Saleem, Muhammad (2017).

1641: 1721:) finally led Kolingba to agree, in principle, to hold free elections in October 1992 with help from the UN Office of Electoral Affairs. After using the excuse of alleged irregularities to suspend the results of the elections as a pretext for holding on to power, President Kolingba came under intense pressure from GIBAFOR to establish a "Conseil National Politique Provisoire de la République" (Provisional National Political Council, CNPPR) and to set up a "Mixed Electoral Commission", which included representatives from all political parties. 1976: 2230: 3268: 1809: 2914: 2804: 1505: 11522: 10685: 10020: 3448: 2073: 4064: 2369: 2715:. On 8 January 2008, the UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon declared that the Central African Republic was eligible to receive assistance from the Peacebuilding Fund. Three priority areas were identified: first, the reform of the security sector; second, the promotion of good governance and the rule of law; and third, the revitalization of communities affected by conflicts. On 12 June 2008, the Central African Republic requested assistance from the 10032: 8939: 3943: 807: 788: 755: 736: 3023:, the principal exported cash crop, ranges from 25,000 to 45,000 tonnes a year. Food crops are not exported in large quantities, but still constitute the principal cash crops of the country because Central Africans derive far more income from the periodic sale of surplus food crops than from exported cash crops such as cotton or coffee. Much of the country is self-sufficient in food crops; however, 3985: 850: 2286: 6807:

Langhammer, P.; Laurance, W. F.; Lieberman, S.; Linkie, M.; Malhi, Y.; Maxwell, S.; Mendez, M.; Mittermeier, R.; Murray, N. J.; Possingham, H.; Radachowsky, J.; Saatchi, S.; Samper, C.; Silverman, J.; Shapiro, A.; Strassburg, B.; Stevens, T.; Stokes, E.; Taylor, R.; Tear, T.; Tizard, R.; Venter, O.; Visconti, P.; Wang, S.; Watson, J. E. M. (2020).

1871:, a coalition of rebel groups, took over towns in the northern and central regions of the country. These groups eventually reached a peace deal with Bozizé's government in January 2013, involving a power-sharing government. The deal later broke down, and the rebels seized the capital in March 2013 and Bozizé fled the country. 1857:, its recognition as a political party, and the integration of its fighters into the national army. Several groups continued to fight but other groups signed on to the agreement or similar agreements with the government (e.g., UFR on 15 December 2008). The only major group not to sign an agreement at the time was the 4304: 1260: 6806:

Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; Evans, T. D.; Jones, K. R.; Beyer, H. L.; Schuster, R.; Walston, J.; Ray, J. C.; Robinson, J. G.; Callow, M.; Clements, T.; Costa, H. M.; DeGemmis, A.; Elsen, P. R.; Ervin, J.; Franco, P.; Goldman, E.; Goetz, S.; Hansen, A.; Hofsvang, E.; Jantz, P.; Jupiter, S.; Kang, A.;

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or 'war of the hoe handle', broke out in Western Ubangi-Shari and continued for several years. The extent of this insurrection, which was perhaps the largest anti-colonial rebellion in Africa during the interwar years, was carefully hidden from the French public because it provided evidence of strong

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began to raid the region as part of the expansion of the Saharan and Nile River slave routes. Their captives were enslaved and shipped to the Mediterranean coast, Europe, Arabia, the Western Hemisphere, or to the slave ports and factories along the West and North Africa or South along the Ubangui and

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and on 31 May former President Bozizé was indicted for crimes against humanity and incitement to genocide. By the end of the year, there were international warnings of a "genocide" and fighting was largely reprisal attacks on civilians by Seleka's predominantly Muslim fighters and Christian militias

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began as forces opposed to Bozizé took up arms against his government. In May 2005, Bozizé won the presidential election, which excluded Patassé, and in 2006 fighting continued between the government and the rebels. In November 2006, Bozizé's government requested French military support to help them

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In April 1979, young students protested against Bokassa's decree that all school pupils were required to buy uniforms from a company owned by one of his wives. The government violently suppressed the protests, killing 100 children and teenagers. Bokassa might have been personally involved in some of

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What is today the Central African Republic has been inhabited since at least 8,000 BCE. The country's borders were established by France, which ruled the country as a colony starting in the late 19th century. After gaining independence from France in 1960, the Central African Republic was ruled by a

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and 4.5 percent other religious groups, with 5.5 percent having no religious beliefs. More recent work from the Pew Research Center estimated that, as of 2010, Christians constituted 89.8% of the population (60.7% Protestant and 28.5% Catholic) while Muslims made up 8.9%. The Catholic Church claims

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is around 36% of the total land area, equivalent to 22,303,000 hectares (ha) of forest in 2020, down from 23,203,000 hectares (ha) in 1990. In 2020, naturally regenerating forest covered 22,301,000 hectares (ha) and planted forest covered 2,000 hectares (ha). Of the naturally regenerating forest 9%

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was involved in another coup attempt against him, which led Bozizé to flee with loyal troops to Chad. In March 2003, Bozizé launched a surprise attack against Patassé, who was out of the country. Libyan troops and some 1,000 soldiers of Bemba's Congolese rebel organization failed to stop the rebels

1578:, becoming the first representative of the Central African Republic in the French government. Boganda maintained a political stance against racism and the colonial regime but gradually became disheartened with the French political system and returned to the Central African Republic to establish the 1602:

and vice-president of the Ubangi-Shari Government Council. Within a year, he declared the establishment of the Central African Republic and served as the country's first prime minister. MESAN continued to exist, but its role was limited. The Central African Republic was granted autonomy within the

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Dinerstein, Eric; Olson, David; Joshi, Anup; Vynne, Carly; Burgess, Neil D.; Wikramanayake, Eric; Hahn, Nathan; Palminteri, Suzanne; Hedao, Prashant; Noss, Reed; Hansen, Matt; Locke, Harvey; Ellis, Erle C; Jones, Benjamin; Barber, Charles Victor; Hayes, Randy; Kormos, Cyril; Martin, Vance; Crist,

1963:, the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, said 417 of the country's 436 mosques had been destroyed, and Muslim women were so scared of going out in public they were giving birth in their homes instead of going to the hospital. On 14 December 2015, Séléka rebel leaders declared an independent 1942:

government was said to be divided, and in September 2013, Djotodia officially disbanded Seleka, but many rebels refused to disarm, becoming known as ex-Seleka, and veered further out of government control. It is argued that the focus of the initial disarmament efforts exclusively on the Seleka

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shock troops form a Praetorian Guard for Mr. Touadéra, who is also protected by Rwandan forces, in return for an untaxed license to exploit and export the Central African Republic's resources" and "one Western ambassador called the Central African Republic...a 'vassal state' of the Kremlin."

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is the leading provider for both internet and mobile phone access throughout the country. The primary governmental regulating bodies of telecommunications are the Ministère des Postes and Télécommunications et des Nouvelles Technologies. In addition, the Central African Republic receives

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improved the groups' nutrition and allowed for expansion of the local populations. This agricultural revolution, combined with a "Fish-stew Revolution", in which fishing began to take place and the use of boats, allowed for the transportation of goods. Products were often moved in

1538:. Through the period of construction until 1934 there was a continual heavy cost in human lives, with total deaths among all workers along the railway estimated in excess of 17,000 of the construction workers, from a combination of both industrial accidents and diseases including 1031:

is the country's capital and largest city, bordering the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Central African Republic covers a land area of about 622,980 square kilometres (240,530 sq mi). As of October 2024, it has a population of 5,375,945 and is in the scene of a

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In response to concerns of a potential genocide, a peacekeeping force – the International Support Mission to the Central African Republic (MISCA) – was authorized in December 2013. This African Union force of 6,000 personnel was accompanied by the French Operation Sangaris.

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Changes in government have occurred in recent years by three methods: violence, negotiations, and elections. A new constitution was approved by voters in a referendum held on 5 December 2004. The government was rated 'Partly Free' from 1991 to 2001 and from 2004 to 2013.

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and trades at a fixed rate to the euro. Diamonds constitute the country's most important export, accounting for 40–55% of export revenues, but it is estimated that between 30% and 50% of those produced each year leave the country clandestinely. On 27 April 2022,

2841:. Freedom of movement is limited in the northern part of the country "because of actions by state security forces, armed bandits, and other non-state armed entities", and due to fighting between government and anti-government forces, many people have been 2080:

The Central African Republic is a landlocked nation within the interior of the African continent. It is bordered by Cameroon, Chad, Sudan, South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the Republic of the Congo. The country lies between latitudes

1874: 7701: 1761:, signed in January 1997, provided for the deployment of an inter-African military mission, to the Central African Republic and re-entry of ex-mutineers into the government on 7 April 1997. The inter-African military mission was later replaced by a U.N. 1724:

When a second round of elections were finally held in 1993, again with the help of the international community coordinated by GIBAFOR, Ange-Félix Patassé won in the second round of voting with 53% of the vote while Goumba won 45.6%. Patassé's party, the

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was elected interim president by the National Transitional Council, becoming the first ever female Central African president. On 23 July 2014, following Congolese mediation efforts, Séléka and anti-balaka representatives signed a ceasefire agreement in

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In 1998, parliamentary elections resulted in Kolingba's RDC winning 20 out of 109 seats. The next year, however, in spite of widespread public anger in urban centers over his corrupt rule, Patassé won a second term in the presidential election.

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As large parts of the country were at the time controlled by armed groups, the election could not be conducted in many areas of the country. Some 800 of the country's polling stations, or 14% of the total, were closed due to violence. Three

5612: 1497:, concessions were doled out to private companies that endeavored to strip the region's assets as quickly and cheaply as possible before depositing a percentage of their profits into the French treasury. The concessionary companies 1749:" against the Yakoma. A new constitution was approved on 28 December 1994 but had little impact on the country's politics. In 1996–1997, reflecting steadily decreasing public confidence in the government's erratic behavior, three 6994: 1842:

repel rebels who had taken control of towns in the country's northern regions. Though the initial public details of the agreement pertained to logistics and intelligence, by December the French assistance included airstrikes by

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peacekeepers were killed and an additional two were wounded during the run-up to the election. President Faustin-Archange Touadéra was reelected in the first round of the election in December 2020. Russian mercenaries from the

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announced his candidacy on 25 July 2020 but was rejected by the Constitutional Court of the country, which held that Bozizé did not satisfy the "good morality" requirement for candidates because of an international warrant and

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Gouteux, J. P.; Blanc, F.; Pounekrozou, E.; Cuisance, D.; Mainguet, M.; D'Amico, F.; Le Gall, F. (1994). "Tsetse and livestock in Central African Republic: retreat of Glossina morsitans submorsitans (Diptera, Glossinidae)".

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were held in December 2015. As no candidate received more than 50% of the vote, a second round of elections was held on 14 February 2016 with run-offs on 31 March 2016. In the second round of voting, former Prime Minister

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estimate of approximately 4%. Government expenditure on health was US$ 20 (PPP) per person in 2006 and 10.9% of total government expenditure in 2006. There was only around 1 physician for every 20,000 people in 2009.

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According to Overseas Development Institute research, during the crisis ongoing since 2012, religious leaders have mediated between communities and armed groups; they also provided refuge for people seeking shelter.

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It has been estimated that up to 8% of the country is covered by forest, with the densest parts generally located in the southern regions. The forests are highly diverse and include commercially important species of

1999:, another former Prime Minister. While the elections suffered from many potential voters being absent as they had taken refuge in other countries, the fears of widespread violence were ultimately unfounded, and the 3217:

as there are few other low cost resources for generating electricity. Access to electricity is very limited with 15.6% of the total population having electrification, 34.6% in urban areas and 1.5% in rural areas.

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Mbida, Christophe M.; Van Neer, Wim; Doutrelepont, Hugues; Vrydaghs, Luc (15 March 1999). "Evidence for banana cultivation and animal husbandry during the first millennium BCE in the forest of southern Cameroon".

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was named vice-president. Bozizé established a broad-based National Transition Council to draft a new constitution, and announced that he would step down and run for office once the new constitution was approved.

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The name of the Central African Republic is derived from the country's geographical location in the central region of Africa and its republican form of government. From 1976 to 1979, the country was known as the

9315: 7691: 6402: 2747: 2429: 9001: 3924:, and other African countries. Large numbers of missionaries left the country when fighting broke out between rebel and government forces in 2002–3, but many of them have now returned to continue their work. 12186: 11476: 3130:, Congo's Atlantic port. The river port handles the overwhelming majority of the country's international trade and has a cargo handling capacity of 350,000 tons; it has 350 metres (1,150 ft) length of 7251: 1106:: it was characterized by widespread and increasing abuses by various participating armed groups, such as arbitrary imprisonment, torture, and restrictions on freedom of the press and freedom of movement. 12281: 6424: 4713: 2421: 555: 1938:

to immediately deploy 3,000 troops to the country, bolstering the 6,000 African Union soldiers and 2,000 French troops already in the country, to combat civilians being murdered in large numbers. The

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The Republic's primary import partner is France (17.1%). Other imports come from the United States (12.3%), India (11.5%), and China (8.2%). Its largest export partner is France (31.2%), followed by

1713:, a pro-democracy movement arose. Pressure from the United States, France, and from a group of locally represented countries and agencies called GIBAFOR (France, the US, Germany, Japan, the EU, the 12191: 2248:

that lasts from June to September in the northern regions of the country, and from May to October in the south. During the wet season, rainstorms are an almost daily occurrence, and early morning

9269: 5898: 5785: 7228: 6179: 5072: 2968:(BTC) was adopted as an additional legal tender. Lawmakers unanimously adopted a bill that made Bitcoin legal tender alongside the CFA franc and legalized the use of cryptocurrencies. President 12181: 9403: 6311: 7106: 5623: 12159: 1674:

and restored Dacko to power (subsequently restoring the official name of the country and the original government to the Central African Republic). Dacko, in turn, was again overthrown in a

6158: 2460:, which initiates laws and oversees government operations. However, as of 2018 the official government is not in control of large parts of the country, which are governed by rebel groups. 12174: 12169: 1008: 8190: 6978: 12321: 10931: 7460: 6072: 6779: 6488: 6458: 5157: 3278:

The population of the Central African Republic has almost quadrupled since independence. In 1960, the population was 1,232,000; as of a 2024 estimate, it is approximately 5376360.

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have supported President Faustin-Archange Touadéra in the fight against rebels. Russia's Wagner group has been accused of harassing and intimidating civilians. In December 2022,

10721: 8585: 7927: 7080: 12119: 7337: 5321: 2108:. In addition to the Fertit Hills in the northeast of the Central African Republic, there are scattered hills in the southwest regions. In the northwest is the Yade Massif, a 1662:, who suspended the constitution and dissolved the National Assembly. President Bokassa declared himself President for Life in 1972 and named himself Emperor Bokassa I of the 12124: 12104: 12094: 11558: 6376: 1157:(IHDI), ranking 164th out of 165 countries. The Central African Republic is also estimated to be the unhealthiest country as well as the worst country in which to be young. 8164: 5524: 12311: 12129: 12114: 12109: 12099: 12089: 11579: 10209: 9508: 6544: 3046: 1943:

inadvertently handed the anti-Balaka the upper hand, leading to the forced displacement of Muslim civilians by anti-Balaka in Bangui and western Central African Republic.

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Touadéra was sworn in on 30 March 2016. No representatives of the Seleka rebel group or the "anti-balaka" militias were included in the subsequently formed government.

1776:. The army chief of staff, Abel Abrou, and General François N'Djadder Bedaya were killed, but Patassé regained the upper hand by bringing in at least 300 troops of the 5867: 4363: 6005: 5234: 2708:

provide services that the government does not provide. In 2019, over US$ 100 million in foreign aid was spent in the country, mostly on humanitarian assistance.

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The president is elected by popular vote for a six-year term, and the prime minister is appointed by the president. The president also appoints and presides over the

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Public education in the Central African Republic is free and is compulsory from ages 6 to 14. However, approximately half of the adult population of the country is

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in 1957, MESAN captured 347,000 out of the total 356,000 votes and won every legislative seat, which led to Boganda being elected president of the Grand Council of

11593: 6648: 7259: 6046: 6027: 5922: 2866:'s media sustainability index noted that "the country minimally met objectives, with segments of the legal system and government opposed to a free media system". 11525: 8639: 8529: 8763: 7607: 6428: 4498: 1788: 1773: 1626:(MEDAC), whom he forced into exile in France. With all opposition parties suppressed by November 1962, Dacko declared MESAN as the official party of the state. 10528: 10147: 9220: 4705: 3208: 1547:

opposition to French colonial rule and forced labour. French colonization in Oubangui-Chari is considered to be the most brutal of the French colonial Empire.

525: 8134: 6125: 2343:(consisting of native tree species with no clearly visible indications of human activity). For the year 2015, 91% of the forest area was reported to be under 10214: 8353: 7999: 7634: 7374:"Peacebuilding Commission Places Central African Republic on Agenda; Ambassador Tells Body 'CAR Will Always Walk Side By Side With You, Welcome Your Advice'" 4463: 2879: 2711:

In 2006, due to ongoing violence, over 50,000 people in the country's northwest were at risk of starvation, but this was averted due to assistance from the

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is located in the northeast of the Central African Republic. The parks have been seriously affected by the activities of poachers, particularly those from

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arrived in the region during the first millennium BCE and added an important source of carbohydrates to the diet; they were also used in the production of

7186: 6286: 12301: 10714: 9439: 9175: 8660: 8055: 7969: 5890: 4143: 3373: 437: 8029: 7281: 5775: 5297: 1523:. During the 1920s and 1930s the French introduced a policy of mandatory cotton cultivation, a network of roads was built, attempts were made to combat 12266: 12154: 10508: 10431: 10349: 10265: 10260: 9279: 9129: 7220: 6175: 5559: 5069: 2976:

on 6 May 2022, COBAC published DECISION D-071-2022 in which it banned the use of crypto currency. It subsequently repealed its status as legal tender.

7503: 7098: 4544: 4004:, the Central African Republic receives vaccination assistance, such as a 2014 intervention for the prevention of a measles epidemic. In 2007, female 12061: 11551: 10467: 10416: 9335: 9185: 9134: 9086: 6308: 5656: 4263: 4098: 2668: 2484: 1579: 922: 8216: 1753:

against Patassé's administration were accompanied by widespread destruction of property and heightened ethnic tension. During this time (1996), the

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Central Africa Republic Timeline – Part 1: From Prehistory to Independence (13 August 1960), A Chronology of Key Events in Central Africa Republic

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were established to spread Christianity. New forms of forced labour were also introduced and a large number of Ubangians were sent to work on the

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began in 2004 and, despite a peace treaty in 2007 and another in 2011, civil war resumed in 2012. The civil war perpetuated the country's poor

8716: 8079: 3099:. Bangui is the transport hub of the Central African Republic. As of 1999, eight roads connected the city to other main towns in the country, 10311: 9499: 9256: 9251: 9205: 9021: 8942: 8559: 7456: 6347: 6064: 5149: 2511:, is made up of judges appointed by the president. There is also a Constitutional Court, and its judges are also appointed by the president. 2457: 2404: 1853:

fighters and their integration with FACA, the liberation of political prisoners, the integration of FDPC into government, an amnesty for the

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is indicated by the fact that the total production of cassava, the staple food of most Central Africans, ranges between 200,000 and 300,000

12291: 11544: 10354: 9878: 9383: 9355: 9320: 9210: 9190: 9170: 5727: 3262: 2739: 2727: 2010: 1983: 1858: 1169: 1103: 1024: 861: 575: 494: 124: 12222: 1765:. Since 1997, the country has hosted almost a dozen peacekeeping interventions, earning it the title of "world champion of peacekeeping". 12286: 11471: 10608: 10334: 10255: 10250: 9345: 6204: 2863: 2743: 2576: 2535: 2520: 1452: 1154: 7897: 7753: 7046: 5004: 1695: 1153:(HDI), the country had the third-lowest level of human development, ranking 191 out of 193 countries. The country had the second lowest 12134: 12049: 10364: 8611: 8272: 7436: 3431: 3415: 2140: 1745:

Patassé purged many of the Kolingba elements from the government and Kolingba supporters accused Patassé's government of conducting a "

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Centrafrique : Le corps électoral convoqué le 14 février pour le 1er tour des législatives et le second tour de la présidentielle

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evacuated all its volunteers to neighboring Cameroon. To date, the Peace Corps has not returned to the Central African Republic. The

992: 759: 660: 6907: 5318: 5125: 3185: 2932:, but this figure is based mostly on reported sales of exports and largely ignores the unregistered sale of foods, locally produced 1946:

On 11 January 2014, Michael Djotodia and Nicolas Tiengaye resigned as part of a deal negotiated at a regional summit in neighboring

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The Syrte Agreement in February and the Birao Peace Agreement in April 2007 called for a cessation of hostilities, the billeting of

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until 1985. He introduced a new constitution in 1986 which was adopted by a nationwide referendum. Membership in his new party, the

104: 9398: 9360: 9350: 9158: 9144: 9098: 9014: 8740: 4595: 4077: 3847: 2751: 2400: 2280: 2129: 1698:(RDC), was voluntary. In 1987 and 1988, semi-free elections to parliament were held, but Kolingba's two major political opponents, 1595: 1052: 984: 501: 475: 258: 8928: 8242: 7377: 6809:"Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material" 5350: 5101: 2545: 11435: 10551: 10359: 10070: 9814: 9432: 9388: 9370: 9284: 9239: 9046: 8156: 7411: 5508: 4578: 4138: 3436: 3420: 3126:. The river can be navigated most of the year between Bangui and Brazzaville. From Brazzaville, goods are transported by rail to 3123: 2892: 2224: 1249: 7557: 7313: 10498: 10204: 9378: 9330: 6540: 5678: 3979: 3137: 2534: 2295:

In the southwest, the Dzanga-Sangha National Park is located in a rain forest area. The country is noted for its population of

2117: 2113: 8302: 7692:"Central African Republic – Systematic Country Diagnostic : Priorities for Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity" 6597: 6399:"Centrafrique : " ces élections, c'est une escroquerie politique ", dixit le candidat à la présidentielle Martin Ziguélé" 6261: 2760:

noted that human rights in the Central African Republic were poor and expressed concerns over numerous government abuses. The

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is endemic in the Central African Republic and one of the leading causes of death. According to 2009 estimates, the HIV/AIDS

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became major slave traders and sold their captives to the Americas using the Ubangi river to reach the coast. In 1875, the

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societies south into the Sahel regions of northern Central Africa, where some groups settled. Farming began as part of the

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plateau with an altitude of 348 metres (1,143 ft). The Central African Republic contains six terrestrial ecoregions:

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to harvest rubber, coffee, and other commodities without pay and held their families hostage until they met their quotas.

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Christian and Islamic practice. A UN director described religious tensions between Muslims and Christians as being high.

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is commonplace. Maximum annual precipitation is approximately 1,800 millimetres (71 in) in the upper Ubangi region.

1666:(as the country was renamed) on 4 December 1976. A year later, Emperor Bokassa crowned himself in an expensive ceremony. 8989: 6640: 5589: 1610:, took control of MESAN. Dacko became the country's first president when the Central African Republic formally received 12306: 12276: 10177: 9081: 8831: 6626:

Roger Cohen. Africa's Allegiance to Putin. New York Times, International Edition; 31 Dec 2022 / 1 Jan 2023, page A1+.

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is Central African Republic's only international airport. As of June 2014 it had regularly scheduled direct flights to

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French Community on 1 December 1958, a status which meant it was still counted as part of the French Empire in Africa.

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and incited unrest including the murder of many political opponents. Eventually, Patassé came to suspect that General

12261: 11993: 9492: 9448: 9076: 8760: 8365: 7604: 6988: 5381: 5265: 4948: 4889: 4495: 2757: 1992: 1838: 1817: 1099: 463: 7991: 3857: 3107:; of these, only the toll roads are paved. During the rainy season from July to October, some roads are impassable. 2537: 1655: 11021: 10513: 10446: 10436: 10372: 10232: 9825: 9583: 8472: 8126: 3921: 3562: 3309: 3145: 2198: 1777: 1004: 342: 38: 7624: 4469: 3916:. While these missionaries are predominantly from the United States, France, Italy, and Spain, many are also from 2234: 10588: 9453: 4130: 3494: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2324: 2121: 1935: 7723: 7579: 7016: 6239: 2852:

has also been cited as a serious problem in the country. Witchcraft is a criminal offense under the penal code.

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Central African Republic Foreign Policy and Government Guide (World Strategic and Business Information Library)

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flows through some of the western regions of the country, while the eastern border lies along the edge of the

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The nation comprises over 80 ethnic groups, each having its own language. The largest ethnic groups are the

2719:, which was set up in 2005 to help countries emerging from conflict avoid devolving back into war or chaos. 12316: 10580: 10543: 10518: 10329: 10182: 10087: 9485: 9200: 7500: 4110: 3169: 3153: 2776:

of suspects and prisoners occurred with impunity. It also alleged harsh and life-threatening conditions in

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in the western region of the country indicate an advanced level of habitation dating back to the very late

912: 469: 17: 8419: 8212: 5648: 5195:

Gardinier, David E. (1985). "Vocational and Technical Education in French Equatorial Africa (1842–1960)".

4913:

Mozaffari, Mehdi (2002), "Globalization, civilizations and world order: A world-constructivist approach",

4255: 2969: 2013:

were held on 27 December 2020 with a possible second round planned for 14 February 2021. Former president

1988: 531: 11217: 10556: 10293: 10192: 10063: 8922: 4300: 3834:. The Central African Republic is one of the few African countries to have granted official status to an 3165: 2842: 2716: 2255:

The northern areas are hot and humid from February to May, but can be subject to the hot, dry, and dusty

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UN human rights chief says impunity major challenge in run-up to elections in Central African Republic

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Mothers and babies aged between 0 and 5 years are lining up in a Health Post at Begoua, a district of

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rate is about 4.7% of the adult population (ages 15–49). This is in general agreement with the 2016

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Megaliths, pictured here on a 1967 Central African stamp, date back to the very late Neolithic Era (

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which takes into account regulations that 'enhance' business activity and those that restrict it.

2897: 2548: 2533: 1746: 1232:, favored the name "Central African Republic" over Ubangi-Shari, reportedly because he envisioned 11466: 10892: 10670: 10660: 10398: 8979: 7520: 5049: 3567: 3533: 3377: 3237: 3177: 2870: 2616: 2542: 2540: 2503:

As in many other former French colonies, the Central African Republic's legal system is based on

2300: 2212: 2133: 1710: 1703: 1524: 1150: 1087: 839: 717: 632: 5776:"Central African Republic: Hundreds flee Birao as French jets strike – Central African Republic" 5709: 2546: 1145:, the Central African Republic is among the ten poorest countries in the world, with the lowest 11933: 11456: 11289: 10688: 10655: 10566: 10275: 10120: 10056: 9071: 8947: 6201: 3913: 3885:

over 1.5 million adherents, approximately one-third of the population. Indigenous belief (

2543: 1663: 1635: 1531: 1194: 1146: 1076: 767: 711: 618: 10699: 9985: 8789: 6953: 6946: 5032: 4690: 3161: 3080: 2538: 233: 11026: 10421: 10393: 9588: 8951: 7881: 5122: 4988: 3298: 3196: 3096: 2789: 2468: 2289: 2125: 1951: 1490: 1457:

The European invasion of Central African territory began in the late 19th century during the

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By the 1990s, calls for democracy led to the first multi-party democratic elections in 1993.

1048: 1012: 11536: 8820: 8264: 6903: 6425:"Élections en Centrafrique: la légitimité du scrutin, perturbé en province, divise à Bangui" 4848:. International Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of Africa, p. 548 4022:

in 2014 was estimated at 4.46 children born/woman. Approximately 25% of women had undergone

4000:

The largest hospitals in the country are located in the Bangui district. As a member of the

2139:

At 622,980 square kilometres (240,534 sq mi), the Central African Republic is the

1829:

suspended the constitution and named a new cabinet, which included most opposition parties.

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per capita at purchasing power parity in the world as of 2017. As of 2022, according to the

12055: 12008: 11885: 11263: 10388: 9066: 8324: 7353: 7252:"Stuck in the 'recovery gap': the role of humanitarian aid in the Central African Republic" 6899: 6820: 5442: 4760: 4106: 4019: 3959: 3890: 3181: 2949: 2472: 2312: 2014: 1843: 1826: 1796: 1543: 1287: 1181: 1091: 46: 8385: 1915: 1394: 8: 11583: 11502: 11319: 9846: 9829: 7134: 6884: 5372:

Cherkaoui, Said El Mansour (1991). "Central African Republic". In Olson, James S. (ed.).

3835: 3058: 2862:, but there have been incidents of government intimidation of the media. A report by the 2584: 2414: 2086: 1919: 1912: 1897: 1671: 1535: 1458: 1367: 1291: 509: 8737: 7373: 6824: 6309:"Centrafrique : ce qu’il faut retenir du nouveau gouvernement dévoilé par Touadéra" 4764: 4602: 4014:

is poor in the Central African Republic. As of 2010, the country had the fourth highest

3232:

Presently, the Central African Republic has active television services, radio stations,

2382:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

12296: 11810: 11507: 11304: 10639: 10592: 8917: 8683:"WHO Country Offices in the WHO African Region – WHO | Regional Office for Africa" 8238: 6851: 6808: 6707: 6672: 5714: 5342: 5212: 5093: 5020: 4789: 4748: 4015: 3771: 3157: 3004: 2960: 2933: 2785: 2656: 2433: 2094: 2090: 2082: 2041: 1964: 1563: 1477:, France ceded a nearly 300,000 km portion of the Sangha and Lobaye basins to the 1407: 1345: 1334: 1080: 972: 9477: 7399: 11309: 11046: 10426: 10125: 10031: 9604: 8866: 8827: 8795: 7887: 7845: 7815: 7807: 7553: 7457:"Chapter XXVI: Disarmament – No. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons" 7310: 7130:"Rebels in the Central African Republic are filling the void of an absent government" 6984: 6957: 6856: 6838: 6712: 6694: 5719: 5516: 5377: 5271: 5261: 5204: 4994: 4926: 4895: 4885: 4816: 4794: 4776: 4678: 4011: 3967: 3877: 3635: 3499: 3149: 3141: 2925: 2869:

Approximately 68% of girls are married before they turn 18, and the United Nations's

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In 2011, Bozizé was reelected in an election which was widely considered fraudulent.

1781: 1758: 1555: 1508: 1307: 561: 9006: 4922: 3447: 1679: 10105: 8294: 7837: 6846: 6828: 6702: 6684: 6258: 6094: 5939: 4957: 4918: 4784: 4768: 4658: 4326: 3958:. The two institutions of higher education in the Central African Republic are the 3831: 3214: 3091:

Two trans-African automobile routes pass through the Central African Republic: the

3050: 2684: 2492: 2348: 1889: 1791:, militias loyal to Patassé sought revenge against rebels in many neighborhoods of 1730: 1640: 1551: 1494: 896: 819: 6759: 1975: 11943: 11451: 11101: 10024: 9933: 9520: 8994: 8767: 8744: 8643: 8083: 7611: 7507: 7443: 7360: 7317: 7156: 6766: 6566: 6315: 6265: 6246: 6227: 6208: 6162: 6050: 6031: 6009: 5926: 5581: 5494: 5325: 5129: 5076: 5056: 4865: 4858: 4571: 4502: 4394: 4228: 4213: 4195: 4183: 4027: 3823: 3811: 3008: 2437: 2413:

Politics in the Central African Republic formally take place in a framework of a

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of seats in parliament, which meant Patassé's party required coalition partners.

1559: 1432: 1283: 1279: 1205: 645: 301: 166: 87: 7656: 6511:"UN chief condemns attacks against peacekeepers in the Central African Republic" 6337:"Code électoral de la République Centrafricaine (Titre 2, Chapitre 1, Art. 131)" 5807: 5749: 5487: 3481: 2652: 2229: 546: 12013: 11299: 10110: 10095: 9970: 9954: 8963: 7836:. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development; The World Bank. 2009. 7696: 7554:"UNICEF WCARO – Media Centre – Central African Republic: Children, not witches" 7407: 7221:"La Centrafrique dispose désormais de 20 préfectures et de 84 sous-préfectures" 6833: 6510: 5864:"Central African Republic president flees capital amid violence, official says" 4772: 4575: 4165: 4041: 3963: 3815: 3345: 3290: 3282: 3267: 3192: 2712: 2688: 2340: 2263:. The southern regions have a more equatorial climate, but they are subject to 2174: 2019: 1960: 1927: 1718: 1691: 1424: 1237: 1161: 976: 392: 319: 296: 201: 148: 72: 31: 8612:"Malaria – one of the leading causes of death in the Central African Republic" 8096: 7841: 6567:"Wagner Group: Why the EU is alarmed by Russian mercenaries in Central Africa" 4659:"Central African Republic worst country in the world for young people – study" 3719: 3617: 3583: 2644: 1729:(MLPC) or Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People, gained a 1614:

from France at midnight on 13 August 1960, a date celebrated by the country's

1435:

governed Upper-Oubangui, which included present-day Central African Republic.

12255: 12237: 12224: 11998: 11693: 11222: 11071: 10801: 10079: 10036: 9644: 8967: 8371: 7811: 7048:

Terms and Definitions FRA 2025 Forest Resources Assessment, Working Paper 194

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Mudge, Lewis (11 December 2018), "Central African Republic: Events of 2018",

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of real GDP is slightly above 3%. The importance of food crops over exported

2834: 2826: 2425: 2352: 2316: 2190: 2000: 1923: 1478: 1474: 1353: 1165: 939: 506: 427: 417: 407: 387: 273: 260: 6689: 5275: 4899: 3293:

therapy available, compared to 17% coverage in the neighboring countries of

3285:

estimates that approximately 4% of the population aged between 15 and 49 is

2552:

A clickable map of the fourteen prefectures of the Central African Republic.

2022:

sanctions against him for alleged assassinations, torture and other crimes.

11870: 11830: 11820: 11643: 10976: 10861: 10746: 9754: 9744: 9548: 9054: 8187:"Table: Christian Population as Percentages of Total Population by Country" 6860: 6716: 5833: 5319:

Central African Republic: The colonial era – Britannica Online Encyclopedia

4961: 4798: 4408:"Central African Republic – CAR – Country Profile – Nations Online Project" 3869: 3861: 3476: 3369: 3337: 3333: 3325: 3313: 3127: 2979:

Agriculture is dominated by the cultivation and sale of food crops such as

2972:

signed the measure into law, said his chief of staff Obed Namsio. After an

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in what is today the Central and East Central African Republic while some

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and 24,000 square metres (260,000 sq ft) of warehousing space.

3119: 3104: 2838: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2201:

mean score of 9.28/10, ranking it seventh globally out of 172 countries.

2151: 2036: 1956: 1931: 1926:

to increase their efforts to stabilize the country. On 18 February 2014,

1902: 1868: 1830: 1754: 1699: 1619: 1607: 1520: 1486: 1221: 1142: 1064: 1060: 996: 422: 402: 372: 362: 357: 6126:"Central African Republic's capital tense as ex-leader heads into exile" 5216: 4986: 3057:, it was ranked 183rd out of 183 as regards 'ease of doing business', a 2491:) has 140 members, elected for a five-year term using the two-round (or 1504: 1259: 11880: 11850: 11778: 11768: 11738: 11728: 11683: 11633: 11623: 11354: 11349: 11243: 11176: 11116: 11106: 11096: 11001: 10831: 10786: 10751: 10634: 9835: 9739: 9704: 9689: 9674: 9629: 9563: 8325:"Central African Republic. International Religious Freedom Report 2006" 7501:"Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor – Central African Republic" 6882: 4582: 4102: 4037: 3317: 3115: 3028: 3012: 2901:

A proportional representation of Central African Republic exports, 2019

2849: 2807: 2793: 2640: 2557: 2504: 2320: 2256: 2245: 2171: 2159: 2072: 1714: 1528: 1379: 1138: 479: 352: 9912: 6673:"An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm" 4063: 11703: 11339: 11334: 11279: 11121: 9694: 7629: 7311:

CAR: Food shortages increase as fighting intensifies in the northwest

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There are many missionary groups operating in the country, including

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of the Republic is often listed as being approximately $ 400 a year,

2260: 2147: 2105: 1629: 1606:

After Boganda's death in a plane crash on 29 March 1959, his cousin,

1416: 1399: 1323: 1118: 1068: 6730: 6279:"Central African Republic: Freedom in the World 2020 Country Report" 5891:"Leader of Central African Republic Fled to Cameroon, Official Says" 5507:

Prial, Frank J.; Times, Special To the New York (2 September 1981).

5197:

Proceedings of the Meeting of the French Colonial Historical Society

4628:"These are the world's unhealthiest countries – The Express Tribune" 4105:

twice and was the first Sub-Saharan African team to qualify for the

3544: 1498: 12282:

Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie

11953: 11845: 11798: 11758: 11753: 11668: 11653: 11481: 11405: 11374: 11369: 11036: 11031: 10991: 10986: 10971: 10771: 9794: 9769: 9619: 9614: 9593: 9558: 9543: 9464: 8907: 7063:"Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020, Central African Republic" 5582:"EISA Central African Republic: 1999 Presidential election results" 5177: 5175: 4177: 3955: 3901: 3868:

According to the 2003 national census, 80.3% of the population was

3245:

international support on telecommunication related operations from

3100: 3039: 2945: 2417: 1772:

On 28 May 2001, rebels stormed strategic buildings in Bangui in an

1734: 1466: 1383: 1357: 1213: 1020: 934: 512: 10922: 7962:"Hydropower in Central Africa – Hydro News Africa – ANDRITZ HYDRO" 7879: 4055:

List of African writers by country § Central African Republic

4008:

was 48.2 years, and male life expectancy at birth was 45.1 years.

2848:

Violence against children and women in relation to accusations of

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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

6481:"Three UN peacekeepers killed in CAR ahead of Sunday's elections" 6451:"CAR violence forced closure of 800 polling stations: Commission" 4944: 4033: 3917: 3886: 3782: 3596: 3357: 3305: 3241: 3035: 2992: 2980: 2965: 2937: 2769: 2380:. The reason given is: Recent developments and Russian influence. 2241: 2109: 2101: 2027: 1878: 1539: 1462: 1312: 1299: 1126: 1114: 1110: 1040: 489: 412: 337: 10048: 8738:

Country Profile – Central African Republic-Sports and Activities

7051:. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2023. 6641:"Geography of Central African Republic, Landforms – World Atlas" 5172: 4747:

Brierley, Chris; Manning, Katie; Maslin, Mark (1 October 2018).

4706:"Why Does the Central African Republic Have Such a Boring Name?" 3942: 3515: 2600: 2568:); the prefectures are further divided into 84 sub-prefectures ( 1039:

Most of the Central African Republic consists of Sudano-Guinean

11948: 11875: 11865: 11733: 11723: 11698: 11688: 11648: 11364: 11344: 11329: 11324: 11258: 11253: 11227: 11156: 11131: 11066: 11061: 11051: 10996: 10796: 10729: 9804: 9789: 9784: 9724: 9679: 9639: 9533: 9512: 8411: 7796: 7580:"Report: Accusations of child witchcraft on the rise in Africa" 6156:

RCA : signature d’un accord de cessez-le-feu à Brazzaville

4845: 4585:. Database updated on 12 April 2017. Accessed on 21 April 2017. 3989: 3737: 3578: 3549: 3465: 3460: 3452: 3191:

Since at least 2002 there have been plans to connect Bangui by

3131: 3085: 3020: 3016: 3000: 2996: 2984: 2917: 2777: 2648: 2620: 2604: 2556:

The Central African Republic is divided into 20 administrative

2268: 2186: 1792: 1750: 1567: 1412: 1371: 1363: 1295: 1134: 1130: 1028: 605: 252: 6541:"Central African Republic President Touadéra wins re-election" 11906: 11890: 11840: 11815: 11783: 11748: 11678: 11673: 11638: 11566: 11248: 11146: 11141: 11076: 11056: 11041: 10966: 10871: 10841: 10821: 10811: 10791: 10776: 10741: 10451: 9975: 9764: 9714: 9669: 9654: 9634: 9624: 9598: 9538: 8560:"WHO – Female genital mutilation and other harmful practices" 4293:"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (CF)" 3984: 3881: 3753: 3685: 3669: 3651: 3630: 3612: 3601: 3510: 3272: 3246: 3111: 2988: 2941: 2700:

The Central African Republic is heavily dependent on foreign

2636: 2632: 2328: 2182: 1881:

of the fighting in the Central African Republic, January 2014

1428: 1319: 1264: 1044: 988: 927: 37:"CAR" redirects here. For the region in the Philippines, see 11580:

Secretary-General of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

7484: 7482: 7480: 7478: 4987:

International Business Publications, USA (7 February 2007).

4465:

World Report 2019: Rights Trends in Central African Republic

3047:

Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa

2873:

ranked the country 188th out of 188 countries surveyed. The

2166:, which also comprises portions of the southern border. The 1386:

dominated the economic trade in the Central African region.

1212:), a name derived from two major rivers and Central African 11855: 11793: 11763: 11713: 11708: 11658: 11186: 11111: 11086: 11011: 10876: 10826: 10761: 9774: 9684: 9573: 7724:"Central African Republic adopts bitcoin as legal currency" 7193:. Central Intelligence Agency. 22 June 2014. Archived from 6259:

CAR presidential election: Faustin Touadera declared winner

6202:

Rebel declares autonomous state in Central African Republic

5970:"France says Central African Republic on verge of genocide" 5044: 5042: 3748: 3680: 3294: 2818: 2773: 2267:, while the extreme northeast regions of the country are a 1947: 1482: 1469:, arrived in the area in 1885. France seized and colonized 1375: 1122: 980: 12322:

Observer states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

8948:

Key Development Forecasts for the Central African Republic

8504:"Human Development Report 2009 – Central African Republic" 8442: 7437:

Central African Republic: addressing the protection crisis

6780:"The Forests of the Congo Basin: State of the Forest 2006" 4749:"Pastoralism may have delayed the end of the green Sahara" 4728: 4438:"Central African Republic Population (2024) - Worldometer" 3962:, a public university located in Bangui, which includes a 3810:

The Central African Republic's two official languages are

1685: 7475: 7017:"Wildlife of northern Central African Republic in danger" 6669: 6240:

New Central African president takes on a country in ruins

6003:

Unspeakable horrors in a country on the verge of genocide

5588:. African Democracy Encyclopaedia Project. October 2010. 3286: 2701: 2409:

List of political parties in the Central African Republic

2285: 2249: 2240:

The climate of the Central African Republic is generally

1618:

holiday. Dacko threw out his political rivals, including

951: 42: 7768:"Frequently Asked Questions on Central African Republic" 6805: 5940:"UN warning over Central African Republic genocide risk" 5039: 4993:. Vol. 1. Int'l Business Publications. p. 47. 2204:

In 2008, Central African Republic was the world's least

2197:

is commonplace. The Central African Republic had a 2018

2100:

Much of the country consists of flat or rolling plateau

1991:

was declared the winner with 63% of the vote, defeating

1624:

Mouvement d'évolution démocratique de l'Afrique centrale

9507: 7081:"Deforestation Surges in World's No. 2 Tropical Forest" 4026:. Many births in the country are guided by traditional 2211:

The Central African Republic is the focal point of the

1893: 1800:

and Bozizé's forces succeeded in overthrowing Patassé.

1519:

was established and Ubangi-Shari was administered from

7354:

Central African Republic Peacebuilding Fund – Overview

6932:

Central African Republic: Country Study Guide volume 1

5613:"Central African Republic: Anatomy of a Phantom State" 5610: 3209:

List of power stations in the Central African Republic

2193:. The deforestation rate is about 0.4% per annum, and 1979:

Current military situation in Central African Republic

1905:". By August 2013, there were reports of over 200,000 1063:), while the remaining third lies in the basin of the 1055:

in the south. Two-thirds of the country is within the

9036: 8811:

Historical Dictionary of the Central African Republic

8586:"Mother and child health in Central African Republic" 8498: 8496: 8494: 8086:. 2006 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic. unaids.org 7754:"COBAC - Decision COBAC D-071-2022 on cryptocurrency" 5258:

Historical dictionary of the Central African Republic

4746: 3889:) is also practiced, and many indigenous beliefs are 3864:

is the main religion in the Central African Republic.

2880:

List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor

1970: 1690:

Kolingba suspended the constitution and ruled with a

1584:

Mouvement pour l'évolution sociale de l'Afrique noire

1411:

Congo rivers. During the 18th century Bandia-Nzakara

8984:

Humanitarian and Development Partnership Team (HDPT)

8885:

Culture and Customs of the Central African Republic

8637:

CIA World Factbook: HIV/AIDS – adult prevalence rate

8530:"Country Comparison :: Maternal mortality rate" 7625:"Child brides around the world sold off like cattle" 7521:"2010 Human Rights Report: Central African Republic" 6892:

Proceedings 62nd Annual Meteoritical Society Meeting

6883:

L. A. G. Antoine; W. U. Reimold; A. Tessema (1999).

4881:

The civilizations of Africa : a history to 1800

4397:

Brian Lucas. August 2005. Retrieved 28 January 2009.

4120: 2955:

The currency of the Central African Republic is the

2726:

In 2017, the Central African Republic signed the UN

1727:

Mouvement pour la Libération du Peuple Centrafricain

1589: 12312:

1960 establishments in the Central African Republic

7067:

Food Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

6952:(139th ed.). London: A & C Black. p. 6663: 6123: 4496:'Cannibal' dictator Bokassa given posthumous pardon 3399:

Largest cities or towns in Central African Republic

2959:, which is accepted across the former countries of 8878:Dark Age: The Political Odyssey of Emperor Bokassa 8819: 8491: 7489:2009 Human Rights Report: Central African Republic 7282:"Central African Republic | ForeignAssistance.gov" 6945: 6799: 5710:"On the Run as War Crosses Another Line in Africa" 5509:"Army Tropples Leader of Central African Republic" 5432:Langer's Encyclopedia of World History, page 1268. 4082:Football is the country's most popular sport. The 2817:The State Department report also cites widespread 2514: 2355:in the Central African Republic increased by 71%. 2215:, one of the largest magnetic anomalies on Earth. 1630:Bokassa and the Central African Empire (1965–1979) 12062:OIC Council of Foreign Ministers Resolution 10/37 10468:Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention 9002:- Central African Republic Population-Worldometer 8443:"EUCLID (Euclid University) | Official Site" 8358:Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor (2001) 8239:"Central African Republic, Statistics by Diocese" 7459:. United Nations Treaty Collection. 7 July 2017. 7331:"Central African Republic Executive Summary 2006" 6598:"Putin Wants Fealty, and He's Found It in Africa" 6596:Cohen, Roger; Lima, Mauricio (24 December 2022). 6517:. United Nations News Service. 26 December 2020. 2877:has also mentioned it in its last edition of the 2695: 2669:Foreign relations of the Central African Republic 2444:is vested in both the government and parliament. 1740: 1654:On 31 December 1965, Dacko was overthrown in the 1580:Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa 1558:French officers took control of Ubangi-Shari and 12253: 8988:Johann Hari in Birao, Central African Republic. 5997: 5995: 4543:, Central Intelligence Agency, 1 February 2024, 3045:The Central African Republic is a member of the 2792:, restrictions on freedom of movement, official 1200:During the colonial era, the country's name was 1160:The Central African Republic is a member of the 10509:African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights 8943:Wikimedia Atlas of the Central African Republic 8295:"Central African Republic: Religious tinderbox" 8231: 8179: 7880:Graham Booth; G. R McDuell; John Sears (1999). 6095:"CAR interim President Michel Djotodia resigns" 5679:"Bozize to step down after transitional period" 4144:List of Central African Republic–related topics 4030:, who often have little or no formal training. 3027:development is hindered by the presence of the 2764:alleged that major human rights abuses such as 2532: 2525:Sub-prefectures of the Central African Republic 2104:approximately 500 metres (1,640 ft) above 1812:Rebel militia in the northern countryside, 2007 1489:France again annexed the territory. Modeled on 672:622,980 km (240,530 sq mi) ( 10924:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 7984: 7548: 7546: 5888: 5260:(3rd ed.). Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press. 5255: 3228:Communications in the Central African Republic 3076:Transportation in the Central African Republic 2748:Child marriage in the Central African Republic 1176:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 11552: 11431:Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique 10908: 10715: 10064: 9493: 9022: 8749:Indo-African Chamber of Commerce and Industry 8157:"International Religious Freedom Report 2010" 7920:"Central African Republic: Finance and trade" 7834:Doing Business 2010. Central African Republic 7800:Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique 6977:Peek, Philip M.; Yankah, Kwesi (March 2004). 6503: 6165:". VOA. 24 July 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2014. 5992: 5414: 5374:Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism 5132:. Discoverfrance.net. Retrieved 6 April 2013. 4565:World Economic Outlook Database, January 2018 2405:Central African Republic Council of Ministers 12082: 10504:African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights 9879:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 8964:Central African Republic news headline links 8709:"Central African Republic - TheSportsDB.com" 8205: 8127:"Central African Republic 2016 Constitution" 8022:"Regional Regulatory Associations in Africa" 6487:. Al Jazeera. Al Jazeera. 26 December 2020. 5622:. International Crisis Group. Archived from 5290:"Key dates for the Central African Republic" 5231:"In pictures: Malaria train, Mayomba forest" 5203:. Michigan State University Press: 113–123. 4596:"Human Development Index and its components" 4205: 3263:Demographics of the Central African Republic 3213:The Central African Republic primarily uses 2864:International Research & Exchanges Board 2740:Human rights in the Central African Republic 2728:Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons 1173: 1170:Economic Community of Central African States 199: 158: 79: 12037: 11472:Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie 10731:Community of Sahel–Saharan States (CEN-SAD) 7543: 7431: 7429: 6873:National Geographic Magazine, November 2008 5882: 5856: 5800: 5742: 5552:"Central African Republic – Discover World" 5343:"Rābiḥ az-Zubayr | African military leader" 5094:"Rābiḥ az-Zubayr | African military leader" 4287: 4285: 4283: 4281: 2744:LGBT rights in the Central African Republic 2521:Prefectures of the Central African Republic 2307:is well-populated with wildlife, including 1481:which ceded a smaller area (in present-day 1453:Colonialism in the Central African Republic 1155:inequality-adjusted Human Development Index 1090:became president, but was later removed by 1075:series of autocratic leaders, including an 646:Bokassa I's overthrow and republic restored 188: 140: 64: 12302:States and territories established in 1960 12050:Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam 11559: 11545: 11426:Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie 10915: 10901: 10722: 10708: 10312:African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights 10071: 10057: 9500: 9486: 9029: 9015: 8473:"WHO – Health in Central African Republic" 7661:International Human Development Indicators 7513: 7491:. U.S. Department of State, 11 March 2010. 6976: 6943: 5506: 5123:French Colonies – Central African Republic 4491: 4489: 4487: 2564:), two of which are economic prefectures ( 2467:who followed the interim government under 2358: 1596:Ubangi-Shari Territorial Assembly election 232: 222: 12267:French-speaking countries and territories 8822:The History of Central and Eastern Africa 8189:. Pew Research Center. 19 December 2011. 7912: 7323: 6850: 6832: 6706: 6688: 6595: 6062: 5371: 5194: 5144: 5142: 5140: 5138: 4912: 4788: 3938:Education in the Central African Republic 3806:Languages of the Central African Republic 2146:Much of the southern border is formed by 2076:A village in the Central African Republic 2060:Geography of the Central African Republic 1438: 8215:. Pew Research Center. 27 January 2011. 7863: 7861: 7426: 7400:"Mandate | UNITED NATIONS PEACEBUILDING" 6457:. Al Jazeera English. 28 December 2020. 5707: 4917:, Taylor & Francis, pp. 24–50, 4558: 4388:Which side of the road do they drive on? 4278: 4078:Central African Republic at the Olympics 4062: 3992:, waiting for the two drops of the oral 3983: 3941: 3851: 3848:Religion in the Central African Republic 3266: 3247:ITU Telecommunication Development Sector 3079: 2912: 2904: 2896: 2802: 2752:Polygamy in the Central African Republic 2678: 2528: 2401:Politics of the Central African Republic 2284: 2281:Wildlife of the Central African Republic 2228: 2130:Northern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic 2071: 2063: 2009:After the end of Touadéra's first term, 1974: 1873: 1807: 1696:Rassemblement Démocratique Centrafricain 1639: 1503: 1393: 1258: 227: 11436:Agence universitaire de la Francophonie 8761:Central African Republic — Things to Do 8386:"Central African Republic – Statistics" 7886:. Oxford University Press. p. 57. 7700:. Washington, D.C.: 1–96 19 June 2019. 7218: 6885:"The Bangui Magnetic Anomaly Revisited" 6124:Paul-Marin Ngoupana (11 January 2014). 4844:Methodology and African Prehistory by, 4484: 4139:Outline of the Central African Republic 2893:Economy of the Central African Republic 2225:Climate of the Central African Republic 1888:took over as president. Prime Minister 1686:Central African Republic under Kolingba 1250:History of the Central African Republic 1141:, as well as significant quantities of 14: 12254: 8440: 7686: 7684: 7682: 7446:London: Overseas Development Institute 7231:from the original on 21 September 2023 7219:Ngoulou, Fridolin (11 December 2020). 7214: 7212: 7027:from the original on 19 September 2018 5183:Political Reform in Francophone Africa 5135: 4703: 4656: 4531: 4529: 4527: 4525: 4523: 4521: 4519: 4517: 4515: 4319: 4176: 3980:Health in the Central African Republic 2118:Northwestern Congolian lowland forests 2114:Northeastern Congolian lowland forests 2003:regarded the elections as successful. 1622:, former Prime Minister and leader of 1113:deposits and other resources, such as 1036:, which has been ongoing since 2012. 11540: 10896: 10703: 10461:Specialised agencies and institutions 10052: 9481: 9468: 9010: 8422:from the original on 26 December 2022 8362:Bureau of International Labor Affairs 8347: 8275:from the original on 20 February 2020 8213:"Table: Muslim Population by Country" 8032:from the original on 27 February 2020 8002:from the original on 24 December 2018 7972:from the original on 27 February 2020 7900:from the original on 5 September 2015 7858: 7712:– via documents.worldbank.org/. 7704:from the original on 27 February 2020 7414:from the original on 28 February 2020 7249: 6651:from the original on 27 February 2020 6634: 6632: 6521:from the original on 27 December 2020 6491:from the original on 27 December 2020 6405:from the original on 29 December 2020 6289:from the original on 29 November 2020 6075:from the original on 15 February 2017 5950:from the original on 19 November 2013 5788:from the original on 27 February 2020 5730:from the original on 11 December 2008 5689:from the original on 27 February 2020 5659:from the original on 10 February 2018 5562:from the original on 10 February 2018 5546: 5544: 5542: 5007:from the original on 5 September 2015 4884:. Oxford: James Currey. p. 161. 4877: 4547:from the original on 24 December 2018 4461: 4212: 4194: 4059:Music of the Central African Republic 3289:positive. Only 3% of the country has 3251:International Telecommunication Union 2875:Bureau of International Labor Affairs 2478: 2463:Acting president since April 2016 is 2305:Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park 1562:established his headquarters for the 1542:. In 1928, a major insurrection, the 10210:Permanent Representatives' Committee 9469: 8856:Central African Republic in Pictures 8689:from the original on 1 February 2014 8618:from the original on 4 November 2014 8592:from the original on 20 October 2014 8453:from the original on 3 February 2020 8077:ANNEX 3: Country progress indicators 7667:from the original on 2 February 2017 7637:from the original on 10 October 2017 7560:from the original on 20 October 2014 7343:from the original on 9 October 2022. 7127: 6913:from the original on 10 January 2014 6461:from the original on 20 January 2021 6105:from the original on 12 October 2014 5901:from the original on 2 February 2017 5844:from the original on 19 January 2023 5814:from the original on 8 November 2012 5708:Polgreen, Lydia (10 December 2006). 5160:from the original on 5 February 2017 4418:from the original on 5 November 2020 4360:United Nations Development Programme 4345: 4333:from the original on 9 February 2015 4307:from the original on 8 November 2023 4097:Basketball also is popular and its 2756:The 2009 Human Rights Report by the 2662: 2362: 1574:was elected with 9,000 votes to the 1389: 12292:Member states of the United Nations 11568:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation 10619:Single African Air Transport Market 10614:African Continental Free Trade Area 8719:from the original on 13 August 2022 8506:. Hdrstats.undp.org. Archived from 8058:from the original on 30 August 2011 7778:from the original on 11 August 2023 7679: 7586:from the original on 27 August 2014 7531:from the original on 5 October 2019 7209: 6876: 6608:from the original on 3 January 2023 6547:from the original on 9 January 2021 6353:from the original on 9 October 2022 5750:"CAR hails French pledge on rebels" 5237:from the original on 3 October 2013 4588: 4512: 4088:Central African Football Federation 3138:Bangui M'Poko International Airport 2825:, discrimination against women and 2451: 1706:, were not allowed to participate. 1461:. Europeans, primarily the French, 1337:developed in the region around 1000 24: 12287:Member states of the African Union 8858:(Twentyfirst Century Books, 2009). 8847: 8840:Balogh, Besenyo, Miletics, Vogel: 8646:. Cia.gov. Retrieved 6 April 2013. 8167:from the original on 1 August 2023 7930:from the original on 14 April 2013 7734:from the original on 27 April 2022 7463:from the original on 6 August 2019 7157:"Central African Republic profile" 7109:from the original on 24 April 2012 6997:from the original on 14 April 2021 6741:from the original on 7 August 2022 6629: 6577:from the original on 27 March 2022 6509: 6427:. 29 December 2020. Archived from 6230:(in French), RJDH, 28 January 2016 5976:. 21 November 2013. Archived from 5870:from the original on 25 March 2013 5756:from the original on 11 April 2012 5649:"Central African Republic History" 5539: 5456:from the original on 14 April 2021 5300:from the original on 22 April 2023 4813:Food Culture in Sub Saharan Africa 4665:from the original on 5 August 2017 4638:from the original on 1 August 2017 4369:from the original on 13 March 2024 4353:"Human Development Report 2023/24" 2498: 2068:Falls of Boali on the Mbali River. 1971:Touadéra government (2016–present) 1846:fighters against rebel positions. 1822:Central African Republic Civil War 1473:territory in 1894. In 1911 at the 1043:, but the country also includes a 556:President of the National Assembly 312:Recognised national languages 25: 12333: 11994:Economic Cooperation Organization 10078: 8892: 8392:from the original on 23 June 2010 8335:from the original on 27 July 2020 8305:from the original on 10 July 2018 8219:from the original on 6 April 2018 7992:"Central African Republic Energy" 6980:African Folklore: An Encyclopedia 6375:. 3 December 2020. Archived from 6182:from the original on 27 July 2020 5834:"PA-X: Peace Agreements Database" 5808:"French planes attack CAR rebels" 5592:from the original on 29 July 2019 5353:from the original on 27 July 2020 5150:"One day we will start a big war" 5104:from the original on 27 July 2020 4949:Journal of Archaeological Science 4266:from the original on 1 March 2023 3221: 3069: 3064: 2758:United States Department of State 1993:Union for Central African Renewal 1839:Central African Republic Bush War 1818:Central African Republic Bush War 1670:the killings. In September 1979, 1590:Since independence (1960–present) 1100:Central African Republic Bush War 30:For the geographical region, see 11521: 11520: 11022:Democratic Republic of the Congo 10684: 10683: 10534:African Union–Ethiopia relations 10215:Specialized Technical Committees 10030: 10019: 10018: 9826:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 9803: 9584:Democratic Republic of the Congo 9097: 8937: 8754: 8731: 8701: 8675: 8663:from the original on 1 July 2018 8649: 8630: 8604: 8578: 8552: 8522: 8465: 8434: 8412:"Accueil – Université de Bangui" 8404: 8378: 8317: 8287: 8257: 8245:from the original on 18 May 2018 8193:from the original on 11 May 2017 8149: 8137:from the original on 20 May 2021 8119: 8107:from the original on 21 May 2022 8089: 8070: 8044: 8014: 7954: 7942: 7873: 7826: 7790: 7760: 7746: 7716: 7649: 7617: 7598: 7572: 7494: 7449: 7392: 7366: 7347: 7304: 7274: 7243: 7179: 7167:from the original on 7 June 2020 7149: 7121: 7091: 7073: 7055: 7039: 7009: 6970: 6638: 6001:Smith, David (22 November 2013) 5889:Lydia Polgreen (25 March 2013). 5527:from the original on 21 May 2023 4123: 3922:Democratic Republic of the Congo 3446: 3019:a year, while the production of 2440:is exercised by the government. 2367: 2334:In the Central African Republic 2233:Central African Republic map of 2199:Forest Landscape Integrity Index 1406:In the 16th and 17th centuries, 1278:Approximately 10,000 years ago, 1254: 1005:Democratic Republic of the Congo 848: 806: 805: 787: 786: 754: 753: 735: 734: 117: 103: 39:Cordillera Administrative Region 12204:As the "Turkish Cypriot State". 8791:Africa South of the Sahara 2003 7998:. Central Intelligence Agency. 7380:from the original on 3 May 2011 7376:. United Nations. 2 July 2008. 6937: 6925: 6867: 6772: 6760:"Sold Down the River (English)" 6753: 6723: 6620: 6589: 6559: 6533: 6473: 6443: 6417: 6391: 6365: 6329: 6301: 6271: 6252: 6233: 6214: 6194: 6168: 6148: 6117: 6087: 6056: 6037: 6018: 5962: 5932: 5913: 5826: 5768: 5701: 5671: 5641: 5604: 5574: 5500: 5480: 5468: 5435: 5426: 5402: 5390: 5365: 5335: 5312: 5282: 5249: 5223: 5188: 5116: 5086: 5062: 4980: 4968: 4938: 4923:10.4324/9780203217979_chapter_2 4915:Globalization and Civilizations 4906: 4871: 4851: 4838: 4826: 4805: 4740: 4716:from the original on 2 May 2022 4697: 4650: 4620: 4455: 4178:[kōdōrōsésètíbé.àfríkà] 4131:Central African Republic portal 3970:, an international university. 3256: 2810:hunter-gatherers living in the 2733: 2651:. The economic prefectures are 2515:Prefectures and sub-prefectures 2325:Bamingui-Bangoran National Park 2274: 2122:Western Congolian swamp forests 1733:(relative majority) but not an 1423:. In the mid 19th century, the 1356:migrated from the southwest of 11974:Moro National Liberation Front 11462:International Francophonie Day 8826:. The Rosen Publishing Group. 7320:. irinnews.org, 29 March 2006 5488:'Good old days' under Bokassa? 4857:UNESCO World Heritage Centre. 4704:Palmer, Brian (9 March 2012). 4430: 4400: 4381: 4248: 4222: 4196:[ʁepybliksɑ̃tʁafʁikɛn] 4156: 2930:one of the lowest in the world 2858:is addressed in the country's 2696:Foreign aid and UN involvement 1741:Patassé government (1993–2003) 1550:In September 1940, during the 1077:abortive attempt at a monarchy 849: 13: 1: 10666:United States of Latin Africa 10360:Rural Economy and Agriculture 10137:Organisation of African Unity 7614:. ohchr.org. 19 February 2010 7256:Humanitarian Practice Network 6346:(in French). 20 August 2019. 6211:". Reuters. 16 December 2015. 4657:Foundation, Thomson Reuters. 4241: 3826:developed as an inter-ethnic 2812:Dzanga-Sangha Special Reserve 2331:, over the past two decades. 2235:Köppen climate classification 1803: 1327: 1268: 41:. For the motor vehicle, see 10523:United States military bases 10519:United States Africa Command 8990:"Inside France's Secret War" 8897: 8842:La République Centrafricaine 8817: 8774:Retrieved 24 September 2015. 8751:Retrieved 24 September 2015. 8659:. Unaids.org. 29 July 2016. 8054:. Unaids.org. 29 July 2008. 7250:Jauer, Kersten (July 2009). 7128:Losh, Jack (26 March 2018). 6063:Mark Tran (14 August 2013). 6015:. Retrieved 23 November 2013 5611:International Crisis Group. 4974: 4832: 4734: 3931: 3799: 3403:According to the 2003 Census 3042:(9.6%), and Austria (7.8%). 2675:Central African Armed Forces 2158:in the east merges with the 2141:world's 44th-largest country 2053: 1907:internally displaced persons 1896:peacekeeping force from the 1763:peacekeeping force (MINURCA) 1187: 1059:basin (which flows into the 594:• Republic established 7: 11218:French Community of Belgium 10350:HR, Sciences and Technology 8923:Central Intelligence Agency 7772:International Monetary Fund 5497:". BBC News. 2 January 2009 4878:Ehret, Christopher (2002). 4576:International Monetary Fund 4301:International Monetary Fund 4116: 3841: 3253:to improve infrastructure. 2717:UN Peacebuilding Commission 1656:Saint-Sylvestre coup d'état 1234:a larger union of countries 10: 12338: 10604:African Economic Community 10409:Peace and Security Council 10116:African and Malagasy Union 8808: 8781: 8657:"Central African Republic" 8354:"Central African Republic" 8265:"Central African Republic" 8241:. Catholic-Hierarchy.org. 8097:"Central African Republic" 8052:"Central African Republic" 7657:"Central African Republic" 7435:Veronique Barbelet (2015) 6834:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3 6268:BBC News, 20 February 2016 5474: 5443:"Central African Republic" 5420: 5408: 5396: 5376:. Greenwood. p. 122. 4773:10.1038/s41467-018-06321-y 4537:"Central African Republic" 4092:Barthélemy Boganda Stadium 4090:and stages matches at the 4075: 4052: 4048: 3977: 3935: 3845: 3803: 3445: 3390: 3260: 3234:internet service providers 3225: 3206: 3073: 2890: 2886: 2737: 2672: 2666: 2518: 2398: 2278: 2222: 2218: 2057: 1815: 1633: 1442: 1247: 1243: 36: 29: 12307:Central African countries 12277:Least developed countries 12200: 12147: 12075: 12030: 11982: 11962: 11922: 11915: 11899: 11601: 11592: 11575: 11516: 11495: 11444: 11418: 11398: 11272: 11236: 11211:National/regional members 11210: 10939: 10930: 10737: 10679: 10648: 10627: 10579: 10542: 10529:United States ambassadors 10489: 10480: 10460: 10407: 10381: 10345:Social Affairs and Health 10340:Infrastructure and Energy 10320: 10302: 10274: 10241: 10223: 10200: 10191: 10158: 10086: 10014: 9994: 9963: 9942: 9921: 9900: 9889: 9873: 9857: 9844: 9812: 9801: 9519: 9509:Countries and territories 9475: 9426: 9369: 9311: 9302: 9247: 9238: 9166: 9157: 9115: 9106: 9095: 9045: 8863:Brazza, A Life for Africa 8766:25 September 2015 at the 7842:10.1596/978-0-8213-7961-5 7316:29 September 2007 at the 7286:www.foreignassistance.gov 6132:. Reuters. Archived from 6049:20 September 2013 at the 6030:20 September 2013 at the 5925:20 September 2013 at the 5810:. BBC. 30 November 2006. 5752:. BBC. 14 November 2006. 5332:. Retrieved 6 April 2013. 4859:"Les mégalithes de Bouar" 4188:République centrafricaine 4071: 4024:female genital mutilation 4002:World Health Organization 3973: 3202: 3093:Tripoli-Cape Town Highway 2970:Faustin-Archange Touadéra 2909:GDP per capita (2022 USD) 2823:female genital mutilation 2685:Faustin-Archange Touadéra 2471:, interim prime minister 2465:Faustin-Archange Touadéra 2376:This section needs to be 1989:Faustin-Archange Touadéra 1774:unsuccessful coup attempt 1709:By 1990, inspired by the 1649:Emperor of Central Africa 1306:BCE the domestication of 1174: 1051:zone in the north and an 945: 933: 921: 911: 903: 885: 876:Central African CFA franc 868: 838: 818: 799: 780: 766: 747: 728: 710: 700: 686: 680: 666: 659: 655: 642: 629: 615: 602: 592: 588: 581: 571: 567: 552: 537: 532:Faustin-Archange Touadéra 522: 518: 500: 488: 446: 328: 310: 289: 245: 219: 180: 160:"Unité, Dignité, Travail" 133: 99: 81:République centrafricaine 56: 27:Country in Central Africa 12262:Central African Republic 12045:Abuja Declaration (1989) 11939:Central African Republic 11007:Central African Republic 10757:Central African Republic 10304:African Court of Justice 10101:Decolonisation of Africa 9569:Central African Republic 9171:Administrative divisions 9060:French Equatorial Africa 9038:Central African Republic 8980:Central African Republic 8973: 8929:Central African Republic 8913:Central African Republic 8887:(Greenwood Press, 2006). 8794:. Taylor & Francis. 8787: 8642:21 December 2014 at the 8366:U.S. Department of Labor 8329:U.S. Department of State 8269:U.S. Department of State 8161:U.S. Department of State 7948: 7867: 7442:22 December 2015 at the 6944:Ward, Inna, ed. (2007). 5185:. Westview Press. p. 111 5070:Central African Republic 4811:Fran Osseo-Asare (2005) 4149: 4006:life expectancy at birth 3038:(16.2%), China (12.5%), 2766:extrajudicial executions 2507:. The Supreme Court, or 2301:western lowland gorillas 1997:Anicet-Georges Dologuélé 1787:In the aftermath of the 1672:France overthrew Bokassa 1600:French Equatorial Africa 1576:French National Assembly 1517:French Equatorial Africa 1449:French Equatorial Africa 1415:peoples established the 1109:Despite its significant 961:Central African Republic 58:Central African Republic 11467:Jeux de la Francophonie 10671:East African Federation 10661:United States of Africa 10399:African Investment Bank 8957: 8788:Eur (31 October 2002). 7924:Encyclopædia Britannica 7359:1 February 2014 at the 6904:1999M&PSA..34Q...9A 6314:1 December 2020 at the 6264:28 January 2021 at the 6008:2 December 2016 at the 5838:www.peaceagreements.org 5493:3 December 2013 at the 5347:Encyclopedia Britannica 5330:Encyclopædia Britannica 5256:Kalck, Pierre. (2005). 5098:Encyclopedia Britannica 5081:Encyclopædia Britannica 4067:A Central African woman 4018:rate in the world. The 2871:Human Development Index 2780:and detention centers, 2687:with Russian President 2566:préfectures économiques 2359:Government and politics 2351:. In 2021, the rate of 2213:Bangui Magnetic Anomaly 2134:Sahelian Acacia savanna 1711:fall of the Berlin Wall 1151:Human Development Index 1092:General François Bozizé 633:Coronation of Bokassa I 290:Official languages 155:"All people are people" 11934:Bosnia and Herzegovina 11804:Pakistan-OIC relations 11457:UN French Language Day 11290:Bosnia and Herzegovina 10382:Financial institutions 10373:Cross-Cutting Programs 10276:Pan-African Parliament 9072:Central African Empire 8883:Woodfrok, Jacqueline, 8809:Kalck, Pierre (2004). 7610:27 August 2014 at the 7525:US Department of State 6245:4 January 2017 at the 6226:4 January 2017 at the 5866:. CNN. 24 March 2013. 5181:Thomas O'Toole (1997) 5048:Alistair Boddy-Evans. 4962:10.1006/jasc.1999.0447 4232: 4206: 4187: 4170:Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka 4169: 4084:national football team 4068: 3997: 3951: 3865: 3275: 3088: 2921: 2910: 2902: 2814: 2796:, and restrictions on 2692: 2553: 2420:. In this system, the 2292: 2237: 2077: 2069: 2011:presidential elections 1984:Presidential elections 1980: 1882: 1813: 1664:Central African Empire 1651: 1636:Central African Empire 1512: 1439:French colonial period 1403: 1275: 1228:, the country's first 1209: 1195:Central African Empire 1053:equatorial forest zone 706:9/km (23.3/sq mi) 619:Central African Empire 200: 189: 173:"Unity, Dignity, Work" 159: 141: 80: 66:Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka 65: 45:. For other uses, see 11167:São Tomé and Príncipe 11027:Republic of the Congo 10852:São Tomé and Príncipe 10422:African Standby Force 10394:African Monetary Fund 9730:São Tomé and Príncipe 9589:Republic of the Congo 8952:International Futures 8933:UCB Libraries GovPubs 8818:McKenna, Amy (2011). 8082:9 August 2007 at the 6813:Nature Communications 6769:. forestsmonitor.org. 6765:13 April 2010 at the 6690:10.1093/biosci/bix014 5556:www.discoverworld.com 5324:12 April 2013 at the 5128:21 March 2013 at the 5075:13 April 2013 at the 5055:23 April 2013 at the 4864:3 August 2014 at the 4753:Nature Communications 4634:. 25 September 2016. 4442:www.worldometers.info 4412:www.nationsonline.org 4393:14 April 2012 at the 4066: 3987: 3945: 3855: 3299:Republic of the Congo 3270: 3238:mobile phone carriers 3197:Transcameroon Railway 3097:Lagos-Mombasa Highway 3083: 3049:(OHADA). In the 2009 2974:extraordinary meeting 2916: 2908: 2900: 2806: 2762:U.S. State Department 2682: 2551: 2469:Catherine Samba-Panza 2290:Dzanga-Sangha Reserve 2288: 2232: 2126:East Sudanian savanna 2075: 2067: 1978: 1952:Catherine Samba-Panza 1877: 1811: 1784:and Libyan soldiers. 1682:on 1 September 1981. 1643: 1634:Further information: 1507: 1397: 1290:. Initial farming of 1262: 1013:Republic of the Congo 967:), formerly known as 791:$ 2.760 billion ( 739:$ 5.678 billion ( 12272:Landlocked countries 12056:OIC Resolution 10/11 12009:Non-Aligned Movement 11886:United Arab Emirates 11264:United Arab Emirates 10389:African Central Bank 9067:Kongo-Wara rebellion 8743:7 March 2016 at the 8441:University, EUCLID. 7506:3 March 2015 at the 6796:. CARPE 13 July 2007 6573:. 19 December 2021. 6401:. 29 December 2020. 6161:29 July 2014 at the 5683:The New Humanitarian 4608:on 15 September 2018 4581:14 February 2006 at 4501:1 March 2017 at the 4214:[sɑ̃tʁafʁik] 4107:Basketball World Cup 4103:African Championship 4020:total fertility rate 3960:University of Bangui 2950:traditional medicine 2843:internally displaced 2821:, the prevalence of 2768:by security forces, 2458:Council of Ministers 2303:. In the north, the 1844:Dassault Mirage 2000 1544:Kongo-Wara rebellion 1331: 3500–2700 BCE 1288:Neolithic Revolution 1272: 3500–2700 BCE 1182:Non-Aligned Movement 1079:under the regime of 979:. It is bordered by 688:• 2024 estimate 47:Car (disambiguation) 12317:Countries in Africa 12234: / 12135:Arab–Islamic (2023) 11584:Hissein Brahim Taha 11503:Francophone economy 9986:Plazas de soberanía 9890:African territories 9830:unclear sovereignty 9815:States with limited 8713:www.thesportsdb.com 8510:on 5 September 2010 8416:www.univ-bangui.org 8301:. 4 November 2013. 7883:World of Science: 2 7227:. Oubangui Medias. 7135:The Washington Post 7087:. 10 November 2022. 6948:Whitaker's Almanack 6825:2020NatCo..11.5978G 6786:on 20 February 2011 6431:on 29 December 2020 6249:ENCA, 28 March 2016 6207:18 May 2017 at the 6136:on 14 February 2014 6101:. 11 January 2014. 6044:"CrisisWatch N°119" 6025:"CrisisWatch N°118" 5980:on 23 November 2013 5946:. 4 November 2013. 5920:"CrisisWatch N°117" 5784:. 1 December 2006. 4765:2018NatCo...9.4018B 4632:The Express Tribune 4303:. 10 October 2023. 4256:"National Profiles" 4086:is governed by the 3914:Jehovah's Witnesses 3856:Worshippers at the 3830:based on the local 3249:(ITU-D) within the 2934:alcoholic beverages 2489:Assemblée Nationale 2339:was reported to be 1936:UN Security Council 1920:UN Security Council 1898:UN Security Council 1536:Congo-Ocean Railway 1499:forced local people 1485:) to France. After 1459:Scramble for Africa 1402:and his wives, 1906 1368:alcoholic beverages 1104:human rights record 1067:, which flows into 270: / 11508:Senghor University 11305:Dominican Republic 10640:African Border Day 10355:Trade and Industry 10330:Peace and Security 10322:ECOSOCC Committees 10256:Deputy Chairperson 9894:non-African states 9280:Telecommunications 8918:The World Factbook 8566:on 12 October 2014 8534:The World Factbook 8479:on 13 October 2014 8418:. 18 August 2022. 7996:CIA World Factbook 7292:on 31 October 2020 7225:oubanguimedias.com 7191:The World Factbook 6645:www.worldatlas.com 6602:The New York Times 6543:. 4 January 2021. 6053:. crisisgroup.org. 6034:. crisisgroup.org. 5929:. crisisgroup.org. 5895:The New York Times 5715:The New York Times 5513:The New York Times 5450:Development Agency 5349:. 1 January 2020. 5296:. 11 August 2010. 5233:. news.bbc.co.uk. 5031:has generic name ( 4689:has generic name ( 4570:3 May 2018 at the 4541:The World Factbook 4069: 4016:maternal mortality 3998: 3952: 3866: 3276: 3089: 2961:French West Africa 2922: 2911: 2903: 2815: 2786:pretrial detention 2693: 2554: 2479:Legislative branch 2434:head of government 2293: 2238: 2208:affected country. 2078: 2070: 2042:The New York Times 1981: 1965:Republic of Logone 1930:Secretary-General 1883: 1867:In November 2012, 1814: 1704:Ange-Félix Patassé 1660:Jean-Bédel Bokassa 1652: 1645:Jean-Bédel Bokassa 1586:, MESAN) in 1950. 1572:Barthélemy Boganda 1564:Free French Forces 1513: 1419:Kingdom along the 1404: 1348:settled along the 1276: 1226:Barthélemy Boganda 1088:Ange-Félix Patassé 1081:Jean-Bedel Bokassa 973:landlocked country 776:2023 estimate 724:2023 estimate 470:traditional faiths 330:Ethnic groups 238:Show map of Africa 12217: 12216: 12211: 12210: 12143: 12142: 12071: 12070: 12026: 12025: 12022: 12021: 11534: 11533: 11414: 11413: 11399:Suspended members 11237:Associate members 11047:Equatorial Guinea 10890: 10889: 10697: 10696: 10575: 10574: 10499:Foreign relations 10476: 10475: 10427:Panel of the Wise 10335:Political Affairs 10205:Executive Council 10148:Secretary General 10126:Sirte Declaration 10046: 10045: 10010: 10009: 9885: 9884: 9605:Equatorial Guinea 9462: 9461: 9422: 9421: 9336:Human trafficking 9298: 9297: 9234: 9233: 9216:Political parties 9211:National Assembly 9186:Foreign relations 9153: 9152: 8871:978-1-4259-1198-0 8861:Petringa, Maria, 8801:978-1-85743-131-5 7893:978-0-19-914698-7 7851:978-0-8213-7961-5 7363:. United Nations. 7163:. 1 August 2018. 6963:978-0-7136-7660-0 6485:www.aljazeera.com 6379:on 9 January 2021 6344:Droit-Afrique.com 6178:. 17 March 2015. 5685:. 28 April 2003. 5653:DiscoverWorld.com 4932:978-0-203-29460-4 4509:. 3 December 2010 4362:. 13 March 2024. 3968:Euclid University 3891:incorporated into 3796: 3795: 2926:per capita income 2920:shopping district 2856:Freedom of speech 2831:human trafficking 2663:Foreign relations 2581:Bamingui-Bangoran 2485:National Assembly 2442:Legislative power 2397: 2396: 2349:private ownership 2089:, and longitudes 1916:François Hollande 1782:Jean-Pierre Bemba 1759:Bangui Agreements 1735:absolute majority 1525:sleeping sickness 1509:Charles de Gaulle 1390:16th–19th century 1302:, and before 3000 957: 956: 801:• Per capita 749:• Per capita 651:21 September 1979 576:National Assembly 562:Simplice Sarandji 212:"The Renaissance" 16:(Redirected from 12329: 12249: 12248: 12246: 12245: 12244: 12239: 12235: 12232: 12231: 12230: 12227: 12080: 12079: 12035: 12034: 11920: 11919: 11599: 11598: 11561: 11554: 11547: 11538: 11537: 11524: 11523: 10937: 10936: 10917: 10910: 10903: 10894: 10893: 10724: 10717: 10710: 10701: 10700: 10687: 10686: 10599:Development Bank 10487: 10486: 10369:Women and Gender 10365:Economic Affairs 10294:Gallagher Estate 10198: 10197: 10106:Casablanca Group 10073: 10066: 10059: 10050: 10049: 10034: 10022: 10021: 9898: 9897: 9855: 9854: 9807: 9601:(partly in Asia) 9521:Sovereign states 9502: 9495: 9488: 9479: 9478: 9470:Related articles 9466: 9465: 9442: 9435: 9309: 9308: 9265: 9245: 9244: 9164: 9163: 9113: 9112: 9101: 9031: 9024: 9017: 9008: 9007: 8998:, 5 October 2007 8941: 8940: 8837: 8825: 8814: 8805: 8775: 8758: 8752: 8735: 8729: 8728: 8726: 8724: 8705: 8699: 8698: 8696: 8694: 8685:. Afro.who.int. 8679: 8673: 8672: 8670: 8668: 8653: 8647: 8634: 8628: 8627: 8625: 8623: 8608: 8602: 8601: 8599: 8597: 8582: 8576: 8575: 8573: 8571: 8562:. Archived from 8556: 8550: 8549: 8547: 8545: 8540:on 18 April 2015 8536:. Archived from 8526: 8520: 8519: 8517: 8515: 8500: 8489: 8488: 8486: 8484: 8475:. 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Archived from 7278: 7272: 7271: 7269: 7267: 7258:. Archived from 7247: 7241: 7240: 7238: 7236: 7216: 7207: 7206: 7204: 7202: 7183: 7177: 7176: 7174: 7172: 7153: 7147: 7146: 7144: 7142: 7125: 7119: 7118: 7116: 7114: 7095: 7089: 7088: 7077: 7071: 7070: 7059: 7053: 7052: 7043: 7037: 7036: 7034: 7032: 7013: 7007: 7006: 7004: 7002: 6974: 6968: 6967: 6951: 6941: 6935: 6929: 6923: 6922: 6920: 6918: 6912: 6889: 6880: 6874: 6871: 6865: 6864: 6854: 6836: 6803: 6797: 6795: 6793: 6791: 6782:. Archived from 6776: 6770: 6757: 6751: 6750: 6748: 6746: 6727: 6721: 6720: 6710: 6692: 6667: 6661: 6660: 6658: 6656: 6636: 6627: 6624: 6618: 6617: 6615: 6613: 6593: 6587: 6586: 6584: 6582: 6563: 6557: 6556: 6554: 6552: 6537: 6531: 6530: 6528: 6526: 6507: 6501: 6500: 6498: 6496: 6477: 6471: 6470: 6468: 6466: 6447: 6441: 6440: 6438: 6436: 6421: 6415: 6414: 6412: 6410: 6395: 6389: 6388: 6386: 6384: 6369: 6363: 6362: 6360: 6358: 6352: 6341: 6333: 6327: 6325: 6322:, 13 April 2016 6305: 6299: 6298: 6296: 6294: 6275: 6269: 6256: 6250: 6237: 6231: 6218: 6212: 6198: 6192: 6191: 6189: 6187: 6172: 6166: 6152: 6146: 6145: 6143: 6141: 6121: 6115: 6114: 6112: 6110: 6091: 6085: 6084: 6082: 6080: 6060: 6054: 6041: 6035: 6022: 6016: 5999: 5990: 5989: 5987: 5985: 5966: 5960: 5959: 5957: 5955: 5936: 5930: 5917: 5911: 5910: 5908: 5906: 5886: 5880: 5879: 5877: 5875: 5860: 5854: 5853: 5851: 5849: 5830: 5824: 5823: 5821: 5819: 5804: 5798: 5797: 5795: 5793: 5772: 5766: 5765: 5763: 5761: 5746: 5740: 5739: 5737: 5735: 5705: 5699: 5698: 5696: 5694: 5675: 5669: 5668: 5666: 5664: 5645: 5639: 5638: 5636: 5634: 5628: 5617: 5608: 5602: 5601: 5599: 5597: 5578: 5572: 5571: 5569: 5567: 5548: 5537: 5536: 5534: 5532: 5504: 5498: 5484: 5478: 5472: 5466: 5465: 5463: 5461: 5439: 5433: 5430: 5424: 5418: 5412: 5406: 5400: 5394: 5388: 5387: 5369: 5363: 5362: 5360: 5358: 5339: 5333: 5316: 5310: 5309: 5307: 5305: 5286: 5280: 5279: 5253: 5247: 5246: 5244: 5242: 5227: 5221: 5220: 5192: 5186: 5179: 5170: 5169: 5167: 5165: 5146: 5133: 5120: 5114: 5113: 5111: 5109: 5090: 5084: 5066: 5060: 5046: 5037: 5036: 5030: 5026: 5024: 5016: 5014: 5012: 4984: 4978: 4972: 4966: 4965: 4942: 4936: 4935: 4910: 4904: 4903: 4875: 4869: 4855: 4849: 4842: 4836: 4830: 4824: 4809: 4803: 4802: 4792: 4744: 4738: 4732: 4726: 4725: 4723: 4721: 4701: 4695: 4694: 4688: 4684: 4682: 4674: 4672: 4670: 4654: 4648: 4647: 4645: 4643: 4624: 4618: 4617: 4615: 4613: 4607: 4601:. Archived from 4600: 4592: 4586: 4562: 4556: 4555: 4554: 4552: 4533: 4510: 4493: 4482: 4480: 4479: 4477: 4468:, archived from 4459: 4453: 4452: 4450: 4448: 4434: 4428: 4427: 4425: 4423: 4404: 4398: 4385: 4379: 4378: 4376: 4374: 4368: 4357: 4349: 4343: 4342: 4340: 4338: 4323: 4317: 4316: 4314: 4312: 4289: 4276: 4275: 4273: 4271: 4252: 4235: 4226: 4220: 4216: 4209: 4198: 4193: 4180: 4175: 4160: 4133: 4128: 4127: 4126: 4028:birth attendants 3858:Bangui Cathedral 3836:African language 3832:Ngbandi language 3450: 3400: 3388: 3387: 3215:hydroelectricity 3051:World Bank Group 2788:and denial of a 2782:arbitrary arrest 2772:, beatings, and 2570:sous-préfectures 2531: 2452:Executive branch 2392: 2389: 2383: 2371: 2370: 2363: 2345:public ownership 2297:forest elephants 1913:French President 1890:Nicolas Tiangaye 1616:Independence Day 1552:Second World War 1495:Congo Free State 1370:. Production of 1340: 1332: 1329: 1308:African oil palm 1305: 1294:progressed into 1273: 1270: 1179: 1178: 894: 859: 858: 852: 851: 845: 834: 833: 825: 809: 808: 790: 789: 773: 757: 756: 738: 737: 721: 313: 285: 284: 282: 281: 280: 275: 274:4.367°N 18.583°E 271: 268: 267: 266: 263: 248:and largest city 239: 236: 229: 226: 209: 205: 196: 192: 170: 162: 152: 144: 121: 107: 91: 83: 76: 68: 54: 53: 21: 12337: 12336: 12332: 12331: 12330: 12328: 12327: 12326: 12252: 12251: 12242: 12240: 12236: 12233: 12228: 12225: 12223: 12221: 12220: 12218: 12213: 12212: 12207: 12196: 12139: 12067: 12018: 11987: 11985: 11978: 11967: 11965: 11958: 11944:Northern Cyprus 11927: 11926:and territories 11925: 11911: 11895: 11588: 11571: 11565: 11535: 11530: 11512: 11491: 11452:French language 11440: 11410: 11394: 11268: 11232: 11206: 11102:North Macedonia 10926: 10921: 10891: 10886: 10733: 10728: 10698: 10693: 10675: 10644: 10623: 10571: 10538: 10472: 10456: 10403: 10377: 10316: 10298: 10270: 10237: 10219: 10187: 10154: 10082: 10077: 10047: 10042: 10006: 9990: 9959: 9938: 9934:Pelagie Islands 9917: 9893: 9891: 9881: 9869: 9851: 9848: 9840: 9819: 9816: 9808: 9799: 9515: 9506: 9471: 9463: 9458: 9445: 9438: 9431: 9418: 9414:Public holidays 9365: 9294: 9263: 9230: 9196:Law enforcement 9149: 9102: 9093: 9041: 9035: 8995:The Independent 8976: 8960: 8938: 8904:Country Profile 8900: 8895: 8890: 8876:Titley, Brian, 8850: 8848:Further reading 8834: 8802: 8784: 8779: 8778: 8768:Wayback Machine 8759: 8755: 8745:Wayback Machine 8736: 8732: 8722: 8720: 8707: 8706: 8702: 8692: 8690: 8681: 8680: 8676: 8666: 8664: 8655: 8654: 8650: 8644:Wayback Machine 8635: 8631: 8621: 8619: 8610: 8609: 8605: 8595: 8593: 8584: 8583: 8579: 8569: 8567: 8558: 8557: 8553: 8543: 8541: 8528: 8527: 8523: 8513: 8511: 8502: 8501: 8492: 8482: 8480: 8471: 8470: 8466: 8456: 8454: 8439: 8435: 8425: 8423: 8410: 8409: 8405: 8395: 8393: 8384: 8383: 8379: 8352: 8348: 8338: 8336: 8323: 8322: 8318: 8308: 8306: 8293: 8292: 8288: 8278: 8276: 8263: 8262: 8258: 8248: 8246: 8237: 8236: 8232: 8222: 8220: 8211: 8210: 8206: 8196: 8194: 8185: 8184: 8180: 8170: 8168: 8155: 8154: 8150: 8140: 8138: 8125: 8124: 8120: 8110: 8108: 8101:City Population 8095: 8094: 8090: 8084:Wayback Machine 8075: 8071: 8061: 8059: 8050: 8049: 8045: 8035: 8033: 8020: 8019: 8015: 8005: 8003: 7990: 7989: 7985: 7975: 7973: 7966:www.andritz.com 7960: 7959: 7955: 7947: 7943: 7933: 7931: 7918: 7917: 7913: 7903: 7901: 7894: 7878: 7874: 7866: 7859: 7852: 7832: 7831: 7827: 7795: 7791: 7781: 7779: 7766: 7765: 7761: 7752: 7751: 7747: 7737: 7735: 7722: 7721: 7717: 7707: 7705: 7690: 7689: 7680: 7670: 7668: 7655: 7654: 7650: 7640: 7638: 7623: 7622: 7618: 7612:Wayback Machine 7603: 7599: 7589: 7587: 7578: 7577: 7573: 7563: 7561: 7552: 7551: 7544: 7534: 7532: 7519: 7518: 7514: 7508:Wayback Machine 7499: 7495: 7487: 7476: 7466: 7464: 7455: 7454: 7450: 7444:Wayback Machine 7434: 7427: 7417: 7415: 7398: 7397: 7393: 7383: 7381: 7372: 7371: 7367: 7361:Wayback Machine 7352: 7348: 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4334: 4325: 4324: 4320: 4310: 4308: 4291: 4290: 4279: 4269: 4267: 4260:www.thearda.com 4254: 4253: 4249: 4244: 4239: 4238: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4191: 4173: 4161: 4157: 4152: 4129: 4124: 4122: 4119: 4080: 4074: 4061: 4051: 3982: 3976: 3940: 3934: 3850: 3844: 3808: 3802: 3797: 3451: 3405: 3404: 3401: 3398: 3396: 3393: 3265: 3259: 3230: 3224: 3211: 3205: 3078: 3072: 3067: 3059:composite index 2895: 2889: 2798:workers' rights 2754: 2738:Main articles: 2736: 2704:, and numerous 2698: 2677: 2671: 2665: 2550: 2529: 2527: 2519:Main articles: 2517: 2501: 2499:Judicial branch 2481: 2473:André Nzapayeké 2454: 2438:Executive power 2411: 2399:Main articles: 2393: 2387: 2384: 2381: 2372: 2368: 2361: 2283: 2277: 2265:desertification 2227: 2221: 2206:light pollution 2195:lumber poaching 2062: 2056: 2015:François Bozizé 1973: 1886:Michel Djotodia 1827:François Bozizé 1824: 1806: 1797:François Bozizé 1743: 1688: 1647:, self-crowned 1638: 1632: 1592: 1560:General Leclerc 1511:in Bangui, 1940 1455: 1443:Main articles: 1441: 1433:Rabih az-Zubayr 1392: 1346:Ubangian people 1338: 1330: 1320:Bouar Megaliths 1303: 1284:hunter-gatherer 1280:desertification 1271: 1257: 1252: 1246: 1190: 889: 881: 856: 855: 854: 843: 832:high inequality 831: 830: 829: 823: 802: 783: 771: 750: 731: 715: 703: 689: 669: 648: 638:4 December 1977 635: 625:4 December 1976 622: 608: 598:1 December 1958 595: 558: 543: 528: 495:Central African 484: 450: 442: 324: 311: 306: 278: 276: 272: 269: 264: 261: 259: 257: 256: 255: 249: 241: 240: 237: 230: 215: 207: 194: 176: 164: 146: 129: 128: 127: 122: 114: 113: 108: 95: 94: 85: 70: 59: 50: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 12335: 12325: 12324: 12319: 12314: 12309: 12304: 12299: 12294: 12289: 12284: 12279: 12274: 12269: 12264: 12215: 12214: 12209: 12208: 12206: 12205: 12201: 12198: 12197: 12195: 12194: 12189: 12187:Largest cities 12184: 12179: 12178: 12177: 12172: 12167: 12165:GDP per capita 12162: 12151: 12149: 12145: 12144: 12141: 12140: 12138: 12137: 12132: 12127: 12122: 12117: 12112: 12107: 12102: 12097: 12092: 12086: 12084: 12077: 12073: 12072: 12069: 12068: 12066: 12065: 12059: 12053: 12047: 12041: 12039: 12032: 12028: 12027: 12024: 12023: 12020: 12019: 12017: 12016: 12014:United Nations 12011: 12006: 12001: 11996: 11990: 11988: 11983: 11980: 11979: 11977: 11976: 11970: 11968: 11963: 11960: 11959: 11957: 11956: 11951: 11946: 11941: 11936: 11930: 11928: 11923: 11917: 11913: 11912: 11910: 11909: 11903: 11901: 11897: 11896: 11894: 11893: 11888: 11883: 11878: 11873: 11868: 11863: 11858: 11853: 11848: 11843: 11838: 11833: 11828: 11823: 11818: 11813: 11808: 11807: 11806: 11796: 11791: 11786: 11781: 11776: 11771: 11766: 11761: 11756: 11751: 11746: 11741: 11736: 11731: 11726: 11721: 11716: 11711: 11706: 11701: 11696: 11691: 11686: 11681: 11676: 11671: 11666: 11661: 11656: 11651: 11646: 11641: 11636: 11631: 11626: 11621: 11616: 11611: 11605: 11603: 11596: 11590: 11589: 11587: 11586: 11576: 11573: 11572: 11564: 11563: 11556: 11549: 11541: 11532: 11531: 11529: 11528: 11517: 11514: 11513: 11511: 11510: 11505: 11499: 11497: 11493: 11492: 11490: 11489: 11484: 11479: 11474: 11469: 11464: 11459: 11454: 11448: 11446: 11442: 11441: 11439: 11438: 11433: 11428: 11422: 11420: 11416: 11415: 11412: 11411: 11409: 11408: 11402: 11400: 11396: 11395: 11393: 11392: 11387: 11382: 11377: 11372: 11367: 11362: 11357: 11352: 11347: 11342: 11337: 11332: 11327: 11322: 11317: 11312: 11307: 11302: 11300:Czech Republic 11297: 11292: 11287: 11282: 11276: 11274: 11270: 11269: 11267: 11266: 11261: 11256: 11251: 11246: 11240: 11238: 11234: 11233: 11231: 11230: 11225: 11220: 11214: 11212: 11208: 11207: 11205: 11204: 11199: 11194: 11189: 11184: 11179: 11174: 11169: 11164: 11159: 11154: 11149: 11144: 11139: 11134: 11129: 11124: 11119: 11114: 11109: 11104: 11099: 11094: 11089: 11084: 11079: 11074: 11069: 11064: 11059: 11054: 11049: 11044: 11039: 11034: 11029: 11024: 11019: 11014: 11009: 11004: 10999: 10994: 10989: 10984: 10979: 10974: 10969: 10964: 10959: 10954: 10949: 10943: 10941: 10934: 10928: 10927: 10920: 10919: 10912: 10905: 10897: 10888: 10887: 10885: 10884: 10879: 10874: 10869: 10864: 10859: 10854: 10849: 10844: 10839: 10834: 10829: 10824: 10819: 10814: 10809: 10804: 10799: 10794: 10789: 10784: 10779: 10774: 10769: 10764: 10759: 10754: 10749: 10744: 10738: 10735: 10734: 10727: 10726: 10719: 10712: 10704: 10695: 10694: 10692: 10691: 10680: 10677: 10676: 10674: 10673: 10668: 10663: 10658: 10652: 10650: 10646: 10645: 10643: 10642: 10637: 10631: 10629: 10625: 10624: 10622: 10621: 10616: 10611: 10606: 10601: 10596: 10585: 10583: 10577: 10576: 10573: 10572: 10570: 10569: 10564: 10559: 10554: 10548: 10546: 10540: 10539: 10537: 10536: 10531: 10526: 10516: 10511: 10506: 10501: 10496: 10490: 10484: 10478: 10477: 10474: 10473: 10471: 10470: 10464: 10462: 10458: 10457: 10455: 10454: 10449: 10444: 10439: 10434: 10429: 10424: 10419: 10413: 10411: 10405: 10404: 10402: 10401: 10396: 10391: 10385: 10383: 10379: 10378: 10376: 10375: 10370: 10367: 10362: 10357: 10352: 10347: 10342: 10337: 10332: 10326: 10324: 10318: 10317: 10315: 10314: 10308: 10306: 10300: 10299: 10297: 10296: 10291: 10286: 10280: 10278: 10272: 10271: 10269: 10268: 10263: 10258: 10253: 10247: 10245: 10239: 10238: 10236: 10235: 10229: 10227: 10221: 10220: 10218: 10217: 10212: 10207: 10201: 10195: 10189: 10188: 10186: 10185: 10180: 10175: 10173:Extreme points 10170: 10164: 10162: 10156: 10155: 10153: 10152: 10151: 10150: 10145: 10133: 10128: 10123: 10118: 10113: 10111:Monrovia Group 10108: 10103: 10098: 10096:Pan-Africanism 10092: 10090: 10084: 10083: 10076: 10075: 10068: 10061: 10053: 10044: 10043: 10041: 10040: 10028: 10015: 10012: 10011: 10008: 10007: 10005: 10004: 9998: 9996: 9992: 9991: 9989: 9988: 9983: 9978: 9973: 9971:Canary Islands 9967: 9965: 9961: 9960: 9958: 9957: 9955:Savage Islands 9952: 9946: 9944: 9940: 9939: 9937: 9936: 9931: 9925: 9923: 9919: 9918: 9916: 9915: 9910: 9904: 9902: 9895: 9887: 9886: 9883: 9882: 9877: 9875: 9874:United Kingdom 9871: 9870: 9868: 9867: 9861: 9859: 9852: 9845: 9842: 9841: 9839: 9838: 9833: 9822: 9820: 9813: 9810: 9809: 9802: 9800: 9798: 9797: 9792: 9787: 9782: 9777: 9772: 9767: 9762: 9757: 9752: 9747: 9742: 9737: 9732: 9727: 9722: 9717: 9712: 9707: 9702: 9697: 9692: 9687: 9682: 9677: 9672: 9667: 9662: 9657: 9652: 9647: 9642: 9637: 9632: 9627: 9622: 9617: 9612: 9607: 9602: 9596: 9591: 9586: 9581: 9576: 9571: 9566: 9561: 9556: 9551: 9546: 9541: 9536: 9531: 9525: 9523: 9517: 9516: 9505: 9504: 9497: 9490: 9482: 9476: 9473: 9472: 9460: 9459: 9457: 9456: 9451: 9444: 9443: 9436: 9428: 9427: 9424: 9423: 9420: 9419: 9417: 9416: 9411: 9406: 9401: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9381: 9375: 9373: 9367: 9366: 9364: 9363: 9358: 9353: 9348: 9343: 9338: 9333: 9328: 9323: 9318: 9316:Child marriage 9312: 9306: 9300: 9299: 9296: 9295: 9293: 9292: 9287: 9282: 9277: 9272: 9267: 9259: 9254: 9248: 9242: 9236: 9235: 9232: 9231: 9229: 9228: 9226:Prime Minister 9223: 9218: 9213: 9208: 9203: 9198: 9193: 9188: 9183: 9178: 9173: 9167: 9161: 9155: 9154: 9151: 9150: 9148: 9147: 9142: 9137: 9132: 9127: 9122: 9116: 9110: 9104: 9103: 9096: 9094: 9092: 9091: 9090: 9089: 9079: 9074: 9069: 9064: 9063: 9062: 9051: 9049: 9043: 9042: 9040: articles 9034: 9033: 9026: 9019: 9011: 9005: 9004: 8999: 8986: 8975: 8972: 8971: 8970: 8959: 8956: 8955: 8954: 8945: 8935: 8926: 8910: 8899: 8896: 8894: 8893:External links 8891: 8889: 8888: 8881: 8874: 8859: 8854:Doeden, Matt, 8851: 8849: 8846: 8845: 8844: 8838: 8833:978-1615303229 8832: 8815: 8806: 8800: 8783: 8780: 8777: 8776: 8753: 8730: 8700: 8674: 8648: 8629: 8603: 8577: 8551: 8521: 8490: 8464: 8447:www.euclid.int 8433: 8403: 8377: 8346: 8316: 8286: 8256: 8230: 8204: 8178: 8148: 8118: 8088: 8069: 8043: 8013: 7983: 7953: 7941: 7911: 7892: 7872: 7857: 7850: 7825: 7789: 7759: 7745: 7728:news.yahoo.com 7715: 7697:The World Bank 7678: 7648: 7616: 7597: 7571: 7542: 7512: 7493: 7474: 7448: 7425: 7408:United Nations 7391: 7365: 7346: 7322: 7303: 7273: 7242: 7208: 7197:on 18 May 2014 7187:"Legal System" 7178: 7148: 7120: 7090: 7072: 7054: 7038: 7008: 6989: 6969: 6962: 6936: 6924: 6875: 6866: 6798: 6771: 6752: 6722: 6683:(6): 534–545. 6662: 6628: 6619: 6588: 6558: 6532: 6502: 6472: 6442: 6416: 6390: 6364: 6328: 6300: 6270: 6251: 6232: 6213: 6193: 6167: 6147: 6116: 6086: 6055: 6036: 6017: 5991: 5961: 5931: 5912: 5881: 5855: 5825: 5799: 5767: 5741: 5700: 5670: 5640: 5603: 5573: 5538: 5499: 5479: 5467: 5434: 5425: 5413: 5401: 5389: 5382: 5364: 5334: 5311: 5281: 5266: 5248: 5222: 5187: 5171: 5154:Foreign Policy 5134: 5115: 5085: 5061: 5038: 5029:|author1= 5000:978-1433006210 4999: 4979: 4967: 4956:(2): 151–162. 4937: 4931: 4905: 4890: 4870: 4850: 4837: 4825: 4804: 4739: 4727: 4696: 4649: 4619: 4587: 4557: 4511: 4483: 4472:on 30 May 2019 4454: 4429: 4399: 4380: 4344: 4329:. World Bank. 4318: 4277: 4246: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4237: 4236: 4233:Oubangui-Chari 4221: 4218: 4217: 4199:; abbreviated 4181: 4162: 4154: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4147: 4146: 4141: 4135: 4134: 4118: 4115: 4073: 4070: 4050: 4047: 4042:United Nations 4012:Women's health 3978:Main article: 3975: 3972: 3964:medical school 3936:Main article: 3933: 3930: 3910:Grace Brethren 3878:Roman Catholic 3846:Main article: 3843: 3840: 3818:(also spelled 3804:Main article: 3801: 3798: 3794: 3793: 3790: 3785: 3780: 3777: 3774: 3769: 3764: 3760: 3759: 3756: 3751: 3746: 3743: 3740: 3735: 3730: 3726: 3725: 3722: 3717: 3712: 3709: 3706: 3701: 3696: 3692: 3691: 3688: 3683: 3678: 3675: 3672: 3667: 3662: 3658: 3657: 3654: 3649: 3644: 3641: 3638: 3633: 3628: 3624: 3623: 3620: 3615: 3610: 3607: 3604: 3599: 3594: 3590: 3589: 3586: 3581: 3576: 3573: 3570: 3565: 3560: 3556: 3555: 3552: 3547: 3542: 3539: 3536: 3531: 3526: 3522: 3521: 3518: 3513: 3508: 3505: 3502: 3500:Ombella-M'Poko 3497: 3492: 3488: 3487: 3484: 3479: 3474: 3471: 3468: 3463: 3458: 3455: 3443: 3442: 3439: 3434: 3429: 3426: 3423: 3418: 3413: 3410: 3407: 3406: 3402: 3397: 3394: 3391: 3386: 3382:French descent 3291:antiretroviral 3283:United Nations 3271:Fula women in 3261:Main article: 3258: 3255: 3226:Main article: 3223: 3222:Communications 3220: 3204: 3201: 3114:sail from the 3074:Main article: 3071: 3070:Transportation 3068: 3066: 3065:Infrastructure 3063: 3055:Doing Business 2891:Main article: 2888: 2885: 2735: 2732: 2713:United Nations 2697: 2694: 2689:Vladimir Putin 2667:Main article: 2664: 2661: 2629:Ombella-M'Poko 2516: 2513: 2500: 2497: 2480: 2477: 2453: 2450: 2430:Prime Minister 2395: 2394: 2375: 2373: 2366: 2360: 2357: 2341:primary forest 2279:Main article: 2276: 2273: 2223:Main article: 2220: 2217: 2058:Main article: 2055: 2052: 2020:United Nations 1972: 1969: 1961:Samantha Power 1934:called on the 1928:United Nations 1918:called on the 1805: 1802: 1742: 1739: 1719:United Nations 1692:military junta 1687: 1684: 1680:André Kolingba 1631: 1628: 1591: 1588: 1440: 1437: 1425:Bobangi people 1398:The Sultan of 1391: 1388: 1256: 1253: 1248:Main article: 1245: 1242: 1238:Central Africa 1230:prime minister 1210:Oubangui-Chari 1189: 1186: 1162:United Nations 977:Central Africa 955: 954: 949: 943: 942: 937: 931: 930: 925: 919: 918: 915: 909: 908: 905: 901: 900: 887: 883: 882: 880: 879: 872: 870: 866: 865: 846: 836: 835: 826: 816: 815: 803: 800: 797: 796: 784: 781: 778: 777: 774: 764: 763: 751: 748: 745: 744: 732: 729: 726: 725: 722: 708: 707: 704: 702:• Density 701: 698: 697: 690: 687: 684: 683: 678: 677: 670: 667: 664: 663: 657: 656: 653: 652: 649: 643: 640: 639: 636: 630: 627: 626: 623: 616: 613: 612: 611:13 August 1960 609: 603: 600: 599: 596: 593: 590: 589: 586: 585: 579: 578: 573: 569: 568: 565: 564: 559: 553: 550: 549: 544: 541:Prime Minister 538: 535: 534: 529: 523: 520: 519: 516: 515: 504: 498: 497: 492: 486: 485: 483: 482: 472: 466: 460: 453: 451: 448: 444: 443: 441: 440: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 395: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 365: 360: 355: 350: 345: 340: 334: 332: 326: 325: 323: 322: 316: 314: 308: 307: 305: 304: 299: 293: 291: 287: 286: 250: 247: 243: 242: 231: 221: 220: 217: 216: 214: 213: 210: 202:La Renaissance 197: 185: 178: 177: 175: 174: 171: 156: 153: 137: 131: 130: 123: 116: 115: 109: 102: 101: 100: 97: 96: 93: 92: 77: 61: 60: 57: 32:Central Africa 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12334: 12323: 12320: 12318: 12315: 12313: 12310: 12308: 12305: 12303: 12300: 12298: 12295: 12293: 12290: 12288: 12285: 12283: 12280: 12278: 12275: 12273: 12270: 12268: 12265: 12263: 12260: 12259: 12257: 12250: 12247: 12203: 12202: 12199: 12193: 12190: 12188: 12185: 12183: 12180: 12176: 12173: 12171: 12168: 12166: 12163: 12161: 12158: 12157: 12156: 12153: 12152: 12150: 12146: 12136: 12133: 12131: 12128: 12126: 12123: 12121: 12118: 12116: 12113: 12111: 12108: 12106: 12103: 12101: 12098: 12096: 12093: 12091: 12088: 12087: 12085: 12083:Extraordinary 12081: 12078: 12074: 12063: 12060: 12057: 12054: 12051: 12048: 12046: 12043: 12042: 12040: 12036: 12033: 12029: 12015: 12012: 12010: 12007: 12005: 12002: 12000: 11999:African Union 11997: 11995: 11992: 11991: 11989: 11986:organizations 11984:International 11981: 11975: 11972: 11971: 11969: 11961: 11955: 11952: 11950: 11947: 11945: 11942: 11940: 11937: 11935: 11932: 11931: 11929: 11921: 11918: 11914: 11908: 11905: 11904: 11902: 11898: 11892: 11889: 11887: 11884: 11882: 11879: 11877: 11874: 11872: 11869: 11867: 11864: 11862: 11859: 11857: 11854: 11852: 11849: 11847: 11844: 11842: 11839: 11837: 11834: 11832: 11829: 11827: 11824: 11822: 11819: 11817: 11814: 11812: 11809: 11805: 11802: 11801: 11800: 11797: 11795: 11792: 11790: 11787: 11785: 11782: 11780: 11777: 11775: 11772: 11770: 11767: 11765: 11762: 11760: 11757: 11755: 11752: 11750: 11747: 11745: 11742: 11740: 11737: 11735: 11732: 11730: 11727: 11725: 11722: 11720: 11717: 11715: 11712: 11710: 11707: 11705: 11702: 11700: 11697: 11695: 11694:Guinea-Bissau 11692: 11690: 11687: 11685: 11682: 11680: 11677: 11675: 11672: 11670: 11667: 11665: 11662: 11660: 11657: 11655: 11652: 11650: 11647: 11645: 11642: 11640: 11637: 11635: 11632: 11630: 11627: 11625: 11622: 11620: 11617: 11615: 11612: 11610: 11607: 11606: 11604: 11600: 11597: 11595: 11594:Member states 11591: 11585: 11581: 11578: 11577: 11574: 11569: 11562: 11557: 11555: 11550: 11548: 11543: 11542: 11539: 11527: 11519: 11518: 11515: 11509: 11506: 11504: 11501: 11500: 11498: 11494: 11488: 11485: 11483: 11480: 11478: 11475: 11473: 11470: 11468: 11465: 11463: 11460: 11458: 11455: 11453: 11450: 11449: 11447: 11443: 11437: 11434: 11432: 11429: 11427: 11424: 11423: 11421: 11417: 11407: 11404: 11403: 11401: 11397: 11391: 11388: 11386: 11383: 11381: 11378: 11376: 11373: 11371: 11368: 11366: 11363: 11361: 11358: 11356: 11353: 11351: 11348: 11346: 11343: 11341: 11338: 11336: 11333: 11331: 11328: 11326: 11323: 11321: 11318: 11316: 11313: 11311: 11308: 11306: 11303: 11301: 11298: 11296: 11293: 11291: 11288: 11286: 11283: 11281: 11278: 11277: 11275: 11271: 11265: 11262: 11260: 11257: 11255: 11252: 11250: 11247: 11245: 11242: 11241: 11239: 11235: 11229: 11226: 11224: 11223:New Brunswick 11221: 11219: 11216: 11215: 11213: 11209: 11203: 11200: 11198: 11195: 11193: 11190: 11188: 11185: 11183: 11180: 11178: 11175: 11173: 11170: 11168: 11165: 11163: 11160: 11158: 11155: 11153: 11150: 11148: 11145: 11143: 11140: 11138: 11135: 11133: 11130: 11128: 11125: 11123: 11120: 11118: 11115: 11113: 11110: 11108: 11105: 11103: 11100: 11098: 11095: 11093: 11090: 11088: 11085: 11083: 11080: 11078: 11075: 11073: 11072:Guinea-Bissau 11070: 11068: 11065: 11063: 11060: 11058: 11055: 11053: 11050: 11048: 11045: 11043: 11040: 11038: 11035: 11033: 11030: 11028: 11025: 11023: 11020: 11018: 11015: 11013: 11010: 11008: 11005: 11003: 11000: 10998: 10995: 10993: 10990: 10988: 10985: 10983: 10980: 10978: 10975: 10973: 10970: 10968: 10965: 10963: 10960: 10958: 10955: 10953: 10950: 10948: 10945: 10944: 10942: 10938: 10935: 10933: 10929: 10925: 10918: 10913: 10911: 10906: 10904: 10899: 10898: 10895: 10883: 10880: 10878: 10875: 10873: 10870: 10868: 10865: 10863: 10860: 10858: 10855: 10853: 10850: 10848: 10845: 10843: 10840: 10838: 10835: 10833: 10830: 10828: 10825: 10823: 10820: 10818: 10815: 10813: 10810: 10808: 10805: 10803: 10802:Guinea-Bissau 10800: 10798: 10795: 10793: 10790: 10788: 10785: 10783: 10780: 10778: 10775: 10773: 10770: 10768: 10765: 10763: 10760: 10758: 10755: 10753: 10750: 10748: 10745: 10743: 10740: 10739: 10736: 10732: 10725: 10720: 10718: 10713: 10711: 10706: 10705: 10702: 10690: 10682: 10681: 10678: 10672: 10669: 10667: 10664: 10662: 10659: 10657: 10654: 10653: 10651: 10647: 10641: 10638: 10636: 10633: 10632: 10630: 10626: 10620: 10617: 10615: 10612: 10610: 10607: 10605: 10602: 10600: 10597: 10594: 10593:Gold standard 10590: 10587: 10586: 10584: 10582: 10578: 10568: 10565: 10563: 10560: 10558: 10555: 10553: 10550: 10549: 10547: 10545: 10541: 10535: 10532: 10530: 10527: 10524: 10520: 10517: 10515: 10512: 10510: 10507: 10505: 10502: 10500: 10497: 10495: 10492: 10491: 10488: 10485: 10483: 10479: 10469: 10466: 10465: 10463: 10459: 10453: 10450: 10448: 10445: 10443: 10440: 10438: 10435: 10433: 10430: 10428: 10425: 10423: 10420: 10418: 10415: 10414: 10412: 10410: 10406: 10400: 10397: 10395: 10392: 10390: 10387: 10386: 10384: 10380: 10374: 10371: 10368: 10366: 10363: 10361: 10358: 10356: 10353: 10351: 10348: 10346: 10343: 10341: 10338: 10336: 10333: 10331: 10328: 10327: 10325: 10323: 10319: 10313: 10310: 10309: 10307: 10305: 10301: 10295: 10292: 10290: 10287: 10285: 10282: 10281: 10279: 10277: 10273: 10267: 10266:2025 election 10264: 10262: 10259: 10257: 10254: 10252: 10249: 10248: 10246: 10244: 10240: 10234: 10231: 10230: 10228: 10226: 10222: 10216: 10213: 10211: 10208: 10206: 10203: 10202: 10199: 10196: 10194: 10190: 10184: 10181: 10179: 10178:Member states 10176: 10174: 10171: 10169: 10166: 10165: 10163: 10161: 10157: 10149: 10146: 10144: 10141: 10140: 10139: 10138: 10134: 10132: 10129: 10127: 10124: 10122: 10119: 10117: 10114: 10112: 10109: 10107: 10104: 10102: 10099: 10097: 10094: 10093: 10091: 10089: 10085: 10081: 10080:African Union 10074: 10069: 10067: 10062: 10060: 10055: 10054: 10051: 10039: 10038: 10037:Africa portal 10033: 10029: 10027: 10026: 10017: 10016: 10013: 10003: 10000: 9999: 9997: 9993: 9987: 9984: 9982: 9979: 9977: 9974: 9972: 9969: 9968: 9966: 9962: 9956: 9953: 9951: 9948: 9947: 9945: 9941: 9935: 9932: 9930: 9927: 9926: 9924: 9920: 9914: 9911: 9909: 9906: 9905: 9903: 9899: 9896: 9892:fully part of 9888: 9880: 9876: 9872: 9866: 9863: 9862: 9860: 9856: 9853: 9850: 9843: 9837: 9834: 9831: 9827: 9824: 9823: 9821: 9818: 9811: 9806: 9796: 9793: 9791: 9788: 9786: 9783: 9781: 9778: 9776: 9773: 9771: 9768: 9766: 9763: 9761: 9758: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9721: 9718: 9716: 9713: 9711: 9708: 9706: 9703: 9701: 9698: 9696: 9693: 9691: 9688: 9686: 9683: 9681: 9678: 9676: 9673: 9671: 9668: 9666: 9663: 9661: 9658: 9656: 9653: 9651: 9648: 9646: 9645:Guinea-Bissau 9643: 9641: 9638: 9636: 9633: 9631: 9628: 9626: 9623: 9621: 9618: 9616: 9613: 9611: 9608: 9606: 9603: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9580: 9577: 9575: 9572: 9570: 9567: 9565: 9562: 9560: 9557: 9555: 9552: 9550: 9547: 9545: 9542: 9540: 9537: 9535: 9532: 9530: 9527: 9526: 9524: 9522: 9518: 9514: 9510: 9503: 9498: 9496: 9491: 9489: 9484: 9483: 9480: 9474: 9467: 9455: 9452: 9450: 9447: 9446: 9441: 9437: 9434: 9430: 9429: 9425: 9415: 9412: 9410: 9407: 9405: 9402: 9400: 9397: 9395: 9392: 9390: 9387: 9385: 9382: 9380: 9377: 9376: 9374: 9372: 9368: 9362: 9359: 9357: 9354: 9352: 9349: 9347: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9327: 9324: 9322: 9319: 9317: 9314: 9313: 9310: 9307: 9305: 9301: 9291: 9288: 9286: 9283: 9281: 9278: 9276: 9273: 9271: 9268: 9266: 9260: 9258: 9255: 9253: 9250: 9249: 9246: 9243: 9241: 9237: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9219: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9197: 9194: 9192: 9189: 9187: 9184: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9168: 9165: 9162: 9160: 9156: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9121: 9118: 9117: 9114: 9111: 9109: 9105: 9100: 9088: 9085: 9084: 9083: 9080: 9078: 9075: 9073: 9070: 9068: 9065: 9061: 9058: 9057: 9056: 9053: 9052: 9050: 9048: 9044: 9039: 9032: 9027: 9025: 9020: 9018: 9013: 9012: 9009: 9003: 9000: 8997: 8996: 8991: 8987: 8985: 8981: 8978: 8977: 8969: 8968:AllAfrica.com 8965: 8962: 8961: 8953: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8936: 8934: 8930: 8927: 8924: 8920: 8919: 8914: 8911: 8909: 8905: 8902: 8901: 8886: 8882: 8879: 8875: 8872: 8868: 8864: 8860: 8857: 8853: 8852: 8843: 8839: 8835: 8829: 8824: 8823: 8816: 8812: 8807: 8803: 8797: 8793: 8792: 8786: 8785: 8773: 8769: 8765: 8762: 8757: 8750: 8746: 8742: 8739: 8734: 8718: 8714: 8710: 8704: 8688: 8684: 8678: 8662: 8658: 8652: 8645: 8641: 8638: 8633: 8617: 8613: 8607: 8591: 8587: 8581: 8565: 8561: 8555: 8539: 8535: 8531: 8525: 8509: 8505: 8499: 8497: 8495: 8478: 8474: 8468: 8452: 8448: 8444: 8437: 8421: 8417: 8413: 8407: 8391: 8387: 8381: 8375: 8373: 8372:public domain 8367: 8363: 8359: 8355: 8350: 8334: 8330: 8326: 8320: 8304: 8300: 8296: 8290: 8274: 8270: 8266: 8260: 8244: 8240: 8234: 8218: 8214: 8208: 8192: 8188: 8182: 8166: 8162: 8158: 8152: 8136: 8132: 8128: 8122: 8106: 8102: 8098: 8092: 8085: 8081: 8078: 8073: 8057: 8053: 8047: 8031: 8027: 8023: 8017: 8001: 7997: 7993: 7987: 7971: 7967: 7963: 7957: 7950: 7945: 7929: 7925: 7921: 7915: 7899: 7895: 7889: 7885: 7884: 7876: 7870:, pp. 200–202 7869: 7864: 7862: 7853: 7847: 7843: 7839: 7835: 7829: 7821: 7817: 7813: 7809: 7805: 7801: 7793: 7777: 7773: 7769: 7763: 7755: 7749: 7733: 7729: 7725: 7719: 7703: 7699: 7698: 7693: 7687: 7685: 7683: 7666: 7662: 7658: 7652: 7636: 7632: 7631: 7626: 7620: 7613: 7609: 7606: 7601: 7585: 7581: 7575: 7559: 7555: 7549: 7547: 7530: 7526: 7522: 7516: 7509: 7505: 7502: 7497: 7490: 7485: 7483: 7481: 7479: 7462: 7458: 7452: 7445: 7441: 7438: 7432: 7430: 7413: 7409: 7405: 7401: 7395: 7379: 7375: 7369: 7362: 7358: 7355: 7350: 7339: 7332: 7326: 7319: 7315: 7312: 7307: 7291: 7287: 7283: 7277: 7261: 7257: 7253: 7246: 7230: 7226: 7222: 7215: 7213: 7196: 7192: 7188: 7182: 7166: 7162: 7158: 7152: 7137: 7136: 7131: 7124: 7108: 7104: 7103:Freedom House 7100: 7094: 7086: 7082: 7076: 7068: 7064: 7058: 7050: 7049: 7042: 7026: 7022: 7018: 7012: 6996: 6992: 6990:9781135948733 6986: 6983:. Routledge. 6982: 6981: 6973: 6965: 6959: 6955: 6950: 6949: 6940: 6933: 6928: 6909: 6905: 6901: 6897: 6893: 6886: 6879: 6870: 6862: 6858: 6853: 6848: 6844: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6826: 6822: 6818: 6814: 6810: 6802: 6785: 6781: 6775: 6768: 6764: 6761: 6756: 6740: 6736: 6732: 6726: 6718: 6714: 6709: 6704: 6700: 6696: 6691: 6686: 6682: 6678: 6674: 6666: 6650: 6646: 6642: 6635: 6633: 6623: 6607: 6603: 6599: 6592: 6576: 6572: 6568: 6562: 6546: 6542: 6536: 6520: 6516: 6512: 6506: 6490: 6486: 6482: 6476: 6460: 6456: 6455:aljazeera.com 6452: 6446: 6430: 6426: 6420: 6404: 6400: 6394: 6378: 6374: 6368: 6349: 6345: 6338: 6332: 6321: 6320:Jeune Afrique 6317: 6313: 6310: 6304: 6288: 6284: 6283:Freedom House 6280: 6274: 6267: 6263: 6260: 6255: 6248: 6244: 6241: 6236: 6229: 6225: 6222: 6217: 6210: 6206: 6203: 6197: 6181: 6177: 6171: 6164: 6160: 6157: 6151: 6135: 6131: 6127: 6120: 6104: 6100: 6096: 6090: 6074: 6070: 6066: 6059: 6052: 6048: 6045: 6040: 6033: 6029: 6026: 6021: 6014: 6011: 6007: 6004: 5998: 5996: 5979: 5975: 5971: 5965: 5949: 5945: 5941: 5935: 5928: 5924: 5921: 5916: 5900: 5896: 5892: 5885: 5869: 5865: 5859: 5843: 5839: 5835: 5829: 5813: 5809: 5803: 5787: 5783: 5782: 5777: 5771: 5755: 5751: 5745: 5729: 5725: 5721: 5717: 5716: 5711: 5704: 5688: 5684: 5680: 5674: 5658: 5654: 5650: 5644: 5625: 5621: 5614: 5607: 5591: 5587: 5583: 5577: 5561: 5557: 5553: 5547: 5545: 5543: 5526: 5522: 5518: 5514: 5510: 5503: 5496: 5492: 5489: 5483: 5476: 5471: 5455: 5451: 5449: 5448:African Union 5444: 5438: 5429: 5422: 5417: 5410: 5405: 5398: 5393: 5385: 5383:0-313-26257-8 5379: 5375: 5368: 5352: 5348: 5344: 5338: 5331: 5327: 5323: 5320: 5315: 5299: 5295: 5291: 5285: 5277: 5273: 5269: 5267:0-8108-4913-5 5263: 5259: 5252: 5236: 5232: 5226: 5218: 5214: 5210: 5206: 5202: 5198: 5191: 5184: 5178: 5176: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5145: 5143: 5141: 5139: 5131: 5127: 5124: 5119: 5103: 5099: 5095: 5089: 5082: 5078: 5074: 5071: 5065: 5058: 5054: 5051: 5045: 5043: 5034: 5022: 5006: 5002: 4996: 4992: 4991: 4983: 4976: 4971: 4963: 4959: 4955: 4951: 4950: 4941: 4934: 4928: 4924: 4920: 4916: 4909: 4901: 4897: 4893: 4891:0-85255-476-1 4887: 4883: 4882: 4874: 4867: 4863: 4860: 4854: 4847: 4841: 4834: 4829: 4822: 4818: 4815:. Greenwood. 4814: 4808: 4800: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4782: 4778: 4774: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4758: 4754: 4750: 4743: 4736: 4731: 4715: 4711: 4707: 4700: 4692: 4680: 4664: 4660: 4653: 4637: 4633: 4629: 4623: 4604: 4597: 4591: 4584: 4580: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4566: 4561: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4532: 4530: 4528: 4526: 4524: 4522: 4520: 4518: 4516: 4508: 4504: 4500: 4497: 4492: 4490: 4488: 4471: 4467: 4466: 4458: 4443: 4439: 4433: 4417: 4413: 4409: 4403: 4396: 4392: 4389: 4384: 4365: 4361: 4354: 4348: 4332: 4328: 4322: 4306: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4288: 4286: 4284: 4282: 4265: 4261: 4257: 4251: 4247: 4234: 4230: 4225: 4215: 4210: 4208: 4202: 4197: 4189: 4185: 4182: 4179: 4171: 4167: 4164: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4136: 4132: 4121: 4114: 4112: 4108: 4104: 4100: 4099:national team 4095: 4093: 4089: 4085: 4079: 4065: 4060: 4056: 4046: 4043: 4039: 4035: 4031: 4029: 4025: 4021: 4017: 4013: 4009: 4007: 4003: 3995: 3994:polio vaccine 3991: 3986: 3981: 3971: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3957: 3949: 3946:Classroom in 3944: 3939: 3929: 3925: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3899: 3894: 3892: 3888: 3883: 3879: 3875: 3871: 3863: 3859: 3854: 3849: 3839: 3837: 3833: 3829: 3828:lingua franca 3825: 3821: 3817: 3813: 3807: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3778: 3775: 3773: 3772:Sangha-Mbaéré 3770: 3768: 3765: 3762: 3761: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3734: 3731: 3728: 3727: 3723: 3721: 3718: 3716: 3713: 3710: 3707: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3689: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3676: 3673: 3671: 3668: 3666: 3663: 3660: 3659: 3655: 3653: 3650: 3648: 3645: 3642: 3639: 3637: 3634: 3632: 3629: 3626: 3625: 3621: 3619: 3616: 3614: 3611: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3592: 3591: 3587: 3585: 3582: 3580: 3577: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3568:Mambéré-Kadéï 3566: 3564: 3561: 3558: 3557: 3553: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3540: 3537: 3535: 3534:Mambéré-Kadéï 3532: 3530: 3527: 3524: 3523: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3509: 3506: 3503: 3501: 3498: 3496: 3493: 3490: 3489: 3485: 3483: 3480: 3478: 3475: 3472: 3469: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3456: 3454: 3449: 3444: 3440: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3427: 3424: 3422: 3419: 3417: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3408: 3389: 3385: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3306:Baggara Arabs 3302: 3300: 3296: 3292: 3288: 3284: 3279: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3254: 3252: 3248: 3243: 3239: 3235: 3229: 3219: 3216: 3210: 3200: 3198: 3194: 3189: 3187: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3167: 3163: 3159: 3155: 3151: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3118:at Bangui to 3117: 3113: 3108: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3087: 3082: 3077: 3062: 3060: 3056: 3052: 3048: 3043: 3041: 3037: 3032: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3010: 3007:. The annual 3006: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2990: 2986: 2982: 2977: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2962: 2958: 2953: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2919: 2915: 2907: 2899: 2894: 2884: 2882: 2881: 2876: 2872: 2867: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2851: 2846: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2731: 2729: 2724: 2720: 2718: 2714: 2709: 2707: 2703: 2691:, 23 May 2018 2690: 2686: 2681: 2676: 2670: 2660: 2658: 2657:Sangha-Mbaéré 2654: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2617:Mambéré-Kadéï 2614: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2573: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2526: 2522: 2512: 2510: 2506: 2496: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2476: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2461: 2459: 2449: 2445: 2443: 2439: 2435: 2431: 2427: 2426:head of state 2423: 2419: 2416: 2410: 2406: 2402: 2391: 2388:December 2022 2379: 2374: 2365: 2364: 2356: 2354: 2353:deforestation 2350: 2346: 2342: 2337: 2332: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2291: 2287: 2282: 2272: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2259:known as the 2258: 2253: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2236: 2231: 2226: 2216: 2214: 2209: 2207: 2202: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2169: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2144: 2142: 2137: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2098: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2074: 2066: 2061: 2051: 2048: 2044: 2043: 2038: 2034: 2029: 2023: 2021: 2016: 2012: 2007: 2004: 2002: 2001:African Union 1998: 1994: 1990: 1985: 1977: 1968: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1953: 1949: 1944: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1925: 1924:African Union 1921: 1917: 1914: 1910: 1908: 1904: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1880: 1876: 1872: 1870: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1847: 1845: 1840: 1837:In 2004, the 1835: 1832: 1828: 1823: 1819: 1810: 1801: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1785: 1783: 1780:rebel leader 1779: 1775: 1770: 1766: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1738: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1722: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1707: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1683: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1667: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1637: 1627: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1604: 1601: 1597: 1587: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1548: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1479:German Empire 1476: 1475:Treaty of Fez 1472: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1436: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1409: 1408:slave traders 1401: 1396: 1387: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1342: 1336: 1325: 1324:Neolithic Era 1321: 1316: 1314: 1309: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1266: 1261: 1255:Early history 1251: 1241: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1198: 1196: 1185: 1183: 1177: 1171: 1167: 1166:African Union 1163: 1158: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1107: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1084: 1082: 1078: 1072: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1037: 1035: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1017:the southwest 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 993:the northeast 990: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 966: 962: 953: 950: 948: 944: 941: 938: 936: 935:ISO 3166 code 932: 929: 926: 924: 920: 916: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 892: 888: 884: 877: 874: 873: 871: 867: 863: 847: 841: 837: 827: 821: 817: 813: 804: 798: 794: 785: 779: 775: 769: 765: 761: 758:$ 1,109 ( 752: 746: 742: 733: 727: 723: 719: 713: 709: 705: 699: 695: 692:5330690 ( 691: 685: 681: 679: 675: 671: 665: 662: 658: 654: 650: 647: 641: 637: 634: 628: 624: 620: 614: 610: 607: 601: 597: 591: 587: 584: 580: 577: 574: 570: 566: 563: 560: 557: 551: 548: 545: 542: 536: 533: 530: 527: 521: 517: 514: 511: 508: 505: 503: 499: 496: 493: 491: 487: 481: 477: 473: 471: 467: 465: 461: 459: 455: 454: 452: 445: 439: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 424: 421: 419: 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 401: 399: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 338:Baggara Arabs 336: 335: 333: 331: 327: 321: 318: 317: 315: 309: 303: 300: 298: 295: 294: 292: 288: 283: 279:4.367; 18.583 254: 251: 244: 235: 225: 218: 211: 204: 203: 198: 191: 187: 186: 183: 179: 172: 168: 161: 157: 154: 150: 143: 139: 138: 136: 132: 126: 120: 112: 106: 98: 89: 82: 78: 74: 67: 63: 62: 55: 52: 48: 44: 40: 33: 19: 12219: 12148:Demographics 12038:Declarations 11938: 11871:Turkmenistan 11831:Sierra Leone 11821:Saudi Arabia 11644:Burkina Faso 11419:Organization 11006: 10977:Burkina Faso 10862:Sierra Leone 10756: 10747:Burkina Faso 10135: 10121:Abuja Treaty 10035: 10023: 9865:Îles Éparses 9755:South Africa 9745:Sierra Leone 9568: 9549:Burkina Faso 9384:Coat of arms 9356:Prostitution 9321:Demographics 9191:Human rights 9055:Ubangi-Shari 9037: 8993: 8983: 8932: 8916: 8884: 8877: 8862: 8855: 8821: 8810: 8790: 8771: 8756: 8748: 8733: 8721:. 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Retrieved 4259: 4250: 4224: 4207:Centrafrique 4204: 4200: 4158: 4096: 4081: 4032: 4010: 3999: 3953: 3926: 3895: 3867: 3862:Christianity 3819: 3809: 3636:Nana-Mambéré 3482:Nana-Grébizi 3477:Kaga-Bandoro 3303: 3280: 3277: 3257:Demographics 3231: 3212: 3190: 3182:Pointe-Noire 3136: 3128:Pointe-Noire 3109: 3103:, Chad, and 3090: 3054: 3044: 3033: 2978: 2954: 2923: 2878: 2868: 2860:constitution 2854: 2847: 2835:forced labor 2819:mob violence 2816: 2784:, prolonged 2755: 2734:Human rights 2725: 2721: 2710: 2699: 2653:Nana-Grébizi 2625:Nana-Mambéré 2574: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2555: 2509:Cour Suprême 2508: 2502: 2488: 2482: 2462: 2455: 2446: 2415:presidential 2412: 2385: 2377: 2336:forest cover 2333: 2294: 2275:Biodiversity 2254: 2239: 2210: 2203: 2179: 2168:Sangha River 2164:Ubangi River 2162:to form the 2156:Mbomou River 2145: 2138: 2099: 2079: 2040: 2033:Wagner Group 2024: 2008: 2005: 1982: 1945: 1939: 1911: 1892:requested a 1884: 1866: 1863: 1848: 1836: 1825: 1786: 1771: 1767: 1744: 1726: 1723: 1708: 1689: 1668: 1653: 1612:independence 1605: 1593: 1583: 1556:pro-Gaullist 1549: 1514: 1491:King Leopold 1471:Ubangi-Shari 1456: 1445:Ubangi-Shari 1421:Ubangi River 1405: 1362: 1354:Bantu people 1350:Ubangi River 1343: 1317: 1277: 1202:Ubangi-Shari 1199: 1191: 1159: 1108: 1085: 1073: 1057:Ubangi River 1038: 969:Ubangi-Shari 968: 964: 960: 958: 947:Internet TLD 923:Calling code 782:• Total 730:• Total 668:• Total 621:established 604:• from 583:Independence 547:Félix Moloua 510:presidential 458:Christianity 181: 135:Motto: 134: 125:Coat of arms 51: 18:Centrafrique 12241: / 12004:Arab League 11966:communities 11719:Ivory Coast 11609:Afghanistan 11487:LGBT rights 11380:South Korea 11182:Switzerland 11162:Saint Lucia 11082:Ivory Coast 10807:Ivory Coast 10514:Enlargement 10289:Secretariat 10251:Chairperson 10233:Chairperson 10143:Chairperson 10131:Lome Summit 9929:Pantelleria 9849:territories 9817:recognition 9760:South Sudan 9650:Ivory Coast 9346:LGBT rights 9252:Agriculture 8426:26 December 8036:27 February 8026:www.itu.int 7976:27 February 7708:27 February 7418:27 February 7296:27 February 7266:27 February 7141:27 February 7099:"FIW Score" 6819:(1): 5978. 6790:6 September 6735:data.un.org 6655:27 February 6525:26 December 6495:26 December 6465:29 December 6435:30 December 6409:30 December 6383:30 December 6357:30 December 6324:(in French) 6293:30 December 6079:11 December 5984:25 November 5954:25 November 5905:26 February 5818:26 December 5792:27 February 5760:26 December 5734:27 February 5693:27 February 5663:15 February 5596:27 February 5566:10 February 5477:, p. xxxii. 5357:27 February 5164:13 February 5108:27 February 5059:. 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