428:
66:
22:
206:
360:. The first was a series of eleven articles relating to his experiences and observations in Natal. Articles one to nine appeared between January 1853 and January 1854, followed by a thirteen-month gap after which the last two appeared. It is ironic that the tenth article, in which he made a passing reference to the Wilmington incident, appeared as
540:
exploits in 1827 would have been remarkable for a 15-year-old, but almost unbelievable for a 12-year-old. Ritter states that
Maclean was 14 and Bulpin states that Maclean was 15 when he made his epic journey in 1827 giving credence to 1812 as being his date of birth rather than 1815. Maclean, writing in
539:
The date of
Macleanβs birth is uncertain. Gordon, quotes Macleanβs date of birth as being 22 November 1812, but the date on his tombstone (1815) corresponds to the date (17 August 1815) given by the Fraserburgh Heritage Centre. Doubt has been cast of 1815 as being the year of his birth as his
287:
On arrival at
Delagoa Bay, he was first suspected of being a Zulu spy, but was nevertheless given permission to acquire the required medicines. Such was the local admiration for Maclean that he was given the medicines by well-wishers. Maclean only stayed in Delagoa Bay for three days as he was
223:
and
Macleanβs final departure from Natal. Isaacs wrote about a trip that he, Maclean and others made in August 1826 to barter for food from the local population. If Isaacs was accurate in recording Macleanβs presence in the party, this would have cut further into the time that Maclean spent at
243:
Maclean, accompanied by two porters, agreed to walk to the
Portuguese settlement at Delagoa Bay to replenish their supplies. The journey, 450 kilometres (280 mi) as the crow flies, was probably more than 600 kilometres (370 mi) after taking into account deviations to avoid the
372:. Shortly after writing these articles, Maclean settled in St Lucia where he held many civic posts, including that of stipendiary magistrate where he was the de facto mediator between the interests of the white settler community and the emancipated slave community.
351:". The incident arose when he docked at Willmington and refused to comply with the local slavery regulations and surrender his black crew members to the harbour authorities. The authorities retaliated by refusing to allow local blacks to unload Maclean's ship.
311:, the ambassadors were poorly treated and returned with King, Maclean and Isaacs, reaching Port Natal on 17 August. King, who had contracted dysentery died in Port Natal on 7 September. On 22 September, Shaka was assassinated at
185:
were instructed by King to rebuild her, a task that would take three years since the timber had first to be seasoned. Once
Farewell returned, King and some members of ship's company, though not MacLean, paid a courtesy visit to
303:, eventually left Port Natal on 30 April 1828 under the captaincy of King. In addition to Isaacs and Maclean, she also carried three Zulu ambassadors led by Chief Sothobe from Shaka who were instructed to make contact with
218:
in 1875 he wrote "During the four years of my residence in Natal, three years were, with little interruption, passed at King Shaka's residence." In reality, a little over three years elapsed between the foundering of
213:
The party were well received by Shaka and were given permission to stay, but when the party left, Shaka demanded that
Maclean remain behind. Maclean spent a considerable time at Shaka's kraal. In a letter to
327:
In 1830 Maclean went back to sea and was only to return to Port Natal when a ship on which he was serving put into port, but most of his work was in the sugar trade, sailing between London and St Lucia.
288:
appalled by the slave trade that he witnessed there. He returned to Port Natal following the coast thereby avoiding Shaka's kraal β his return journey having taken just three weeks.
518:, which was built at the Durban shipyards of James Brown & Hamer in 1976. At the time the tug was built, it was one of a pair of the most powerful tugs in the world.
276:
where the king was so impressed by their courage that he detailed an escort of 10 warriors to accompany
Maclean, who continued to Delagoa Bay. Once Maclean reached the
514:
240:. Isaacs wrote "... when John Ross Lieutenant King's apprentice, a lad of about fifteen years of age, acute, shrewd and active, was appointed to go the journey".
100:
Maclean was a champion of liberty and his stone will be one of the few inscriptions in a
British cemetery which commemorates a positive interaction between the
43:
137:, possibly a nickname on account of his ginger hair, though it has been alleged that Isaacs invented that name because he had forgotten Maclean's real name.
173:
made several stops along the
Southern African coast, anchoring off Port Natal on 1 October. When entering the port, she struck a sandbank and foundered.
1161:
169:, an East India merchant, and Francis Fynn, a physician, from whom nothing had been heard for eighteen months. Leaving Cape Town on 26 August 1825
405:
In 1875, by now the sole survivor of the Port Natal white community on the 1820s (Isaacs having died in 1872), he wrote a celebrated letter to
493:
in his honour. The original bridge was washed away in a storm on 26 September 1987, but has since been rebuilt. The P496 road, which links
843:
1501:
455:
in Southampton. On 2 May 2009 the grave was rededicated and a headstone erected. During the re-dedication, the grave was draped with the
319:
and on 1 December many of the white residents of Port Natal, including Farewell, Isaacs and Maclean, put to sea for their own safety.
30:
1471:
419:
for insurrection. This letter not only showed his insight of the Zulu culture, but was also his account of his walk to Delagoa Bay.
722:
645:
1135:
1451:
1407:
The Natal papers of Κ»John RossΚΌ: Loss of the Brig Mary at Natal with early recollections of that settlement and Among the Caffres
471:
1456:
1419:
1372:
Travels and Adventures in Eastern Africa: Descriptive of the Zoolus, Their Manners, Customs, Etc. Etc. with a Sketch of Natal
1358:
Travels and Adventures in Eastern Africa: Descriptive of the Zoolus, Their Manners, Customs, Etc. Etc. with a Sketch of Natal
1254:
1213:
291:
Most of the details of his walk to Delagoa were published by Isaacs, with Maclean devoting but one sentence to his exploits.
181:
On reaching shore, the party found Farewell's camp, but Farewell and his party were on a hunting expedition. The crew of
1370:
1466:
909:
Maclean, C. R. (March 1855). "Loss of the Brig Mary at Natal with Early Recollections of that Settlement β Eleven".
1476:
1481:
996:
C. R. Maclean (April 1853). "Loss of the Brig Mary at Natal with Early Recollections of that Settlement β Four".
1011:
924:
1329:
1265:
1461:
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identifies three contemporary sources from which information pertaining to Maclean can be drawn β works by
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where Isaacs boarded as a "companion" to King. After discharging her cargo at Cape Town, King sailed for
1486:
810:
619:
962:
340:
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851:
187:
35:
568:
The width of the Tugela was measured on Google Maps at the point where the N2 crosses the river
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1496:
1401:
1288:
1005:
918:
797:
550:". He does not clarify whether he was thirteen when he arrived at Port Natal or when he left.
542:
356:
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had foundered, the settlement had run out of medicine and fresh supplies had to be bought in
133:
rather than being a matter of historic record. In these writings, Maclean was referred to as
118:
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456:
395:
108:; most existing memorials commemorate individuals who were involved in Anglo-Zulu conflict.
8:
1292:
730:
649:
399:
364:
was being investigated for assisting in the slave trade. In the last of his writings in
92:. In a tribute to him during the re-dedication of his grave in Southampton in 2009, the
69:
The gravestone of Charles Rawden Maclean , alias "John Ross" in Southampton Old Cemetery
1240:
126:
129:, and McLean himself. Gray is of the view that Isaac's writings were intended to make
1415:
1250:
1209:
482:
475:
281:
198:. Once Shaka heard of King's arrival, King and his entire party were summoned to his
435:
In 1879 his health failed and the following year he travelled to England on the RMS
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361:
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368:, published in 1857 in four parts, Maclean described his travels to and from
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Maclean is commemorated in the city of Durban by a statue (created by
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on 11 March 1880. Maclean died aboard ship on 13 March 1880 in the
1300:
444:
369:
249:
245:
117:
There is considerable speculation regarding Maclean's early life.
93:
827:
MacLean, Charles Rawden (3 August 1875). "Letters to the Editor".
331:
In 1831 Maclean made his first trip to St Lucia aboard the barque
316:
21:
1054:
Blake, Gillie (MayβJune 2011). "History in an Unmarked Grave".
448:
391:
380:
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705:
703:
260:-infested rivers, including the 300 metres (980 ft) wide
252:(now nature reserves). The journey would still take them over
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269:
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199:
195:
145:
In 1825 Isaacs was apprenticed to serve on the 150 ton brig,
943:
205:
700:
489:, 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from its mouth, was named the
1339:(4). Pietermartizburg: The Natal Society Foundation: 19β22
1275:(4). Pietermaritzburg: The Natal Society Foundation: 26β28
284:
and the sea, he paid tribute to Makasane, a Tsonga chief.
690:
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597:
595:
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264:. Isaacs, Maclean and two porters journeyed first to the
977:
965:. Safari-Guide β The African Holiday and Travel Resource
890:
681:
582:
1102:"Commemorative Tablet to John Ross, Old Fort, Durban"
671:
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667:
354:
In the 1850s Maclean wrote a number of articles for
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1136:"John Ross Highway Phase 3 (N2 β Empangeni, KZN)"
664:
1433:
1162:"New South African Standby Tug Contract Awaited"
1018:
769:
431:Statue of "John Ross" at John Ross House, Durban
745:
415:who had been sentenced to life imprisonment on
1243:(1969). Stuart, James; Malcolm, D McK (eds.).
822:
820:
422:
1171:. 22 November 2009. p. 5. Archived from
995:
648:. Fraserburgh Heritage Centre. Archived from
622:. City of Southampton Society. Archived from
345:The British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Reporter
339:. In 1846 he was involved in an incident in
963:"Greater St Lucia Wetland Park South Africa"
841:
787:
620:"Charles Rawden Maclean [John Ross]"
1391:Ritter, A.E. (1955). "The English Return".
817:
1227:. Cape Town: T.V.Bulpin Publications Ltd.
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1076:
451:and was buried in a pauper's grave in the
140:
84:and died 13 August 1880 at sea on the RMS
1154:
1128:
1093:
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989:
955:
379:in 1852 and in 1856 while captain of the
1249:. Pietermaritzburg: Shuter and Shooter.
902:
781:
426:
294:
204:
64:
46:of all important aspects of the article.
1393:Shaka Zulu: The Rise of the Zulu Empire
1365:
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96:author and broadcaster Ian Knight said:
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614:
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470:) on the Victoria Embankment, outside
227:
42:Please consider expanding the lead to
1066:: Westend Local History Society: 7β8.
1053:
788:MacLean, Charles Rawden (1853β1855).
646:"Charles Rawden Maclean, family tree"
335:and by 1840 had become master of the
1399:
1378:. Vol. II. London: E. Churton.
1287:
1239:
1205:Engineering Geology and Construction
1201:
1122:
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775:
751:
709:
15:
1502:Burials at Southampton Old Cemetery
607:
149:under Lieutenant King. En route to
13:
1361:. Vol. I. London: E. Churton.
548:being but a boy thirteen years old
377:Master's Certificate of Competence
14:
1513:
1202:Bell, Frederic Gladstone (2004).
307:. After the vessel made land at
131:a sensation of his own adventures
80:", was born on 17 August 1815 in
1472:Maritime history of South Africa
1328:Herrman, Louis (December 1974).
1293:"Voyages to St. Lucia (1831β57)"
875:, p. xv β xx, Introduction.
501:and the N2 highway is named the
113:Accuracy of contemporary records
20:
1246:The Diary of Henry Francis Fynn
562:
553:
546:in 1853, described himself as "
280:territory that lay between the
34:may be too short to adequately
1452:19th-century British explorers
1264:Gordon, R.E. (December 1974).
842:Stephen Coan (25 April 2008).
715:
533:
474:, and also by a plaque at the
398:, was one of the few women at
394:where Mrs Maclean, along with
165:to search for the adventurers
44:provide an accessible overview
1:
1100:Clive Reid (23 August 2008).
1079:"Statue of John Ross, Durban"
521:
1457:19th-century Scottish people
575:
386:he and his wife visited the
347:hailed Maclean as a man of "
7:
1000:: 196β202Reproduced in Gray
913:: 127β132Reproduced in Gray
727:Fraserburgh Heritage Centre
508:He also gave his name to a
481:The road bridge on the old
459:and the headstone with the
423:Death, burial and memorials
322:
10:
1518:
1225:Natal and the Zulu Country
1194:
1077:Clive Reid (31 May 2009).
1010:: CS1 maint: postscript (
923:: CS1 maint: postscript (
341:Wilmington, North Carolina
299:The rebuilt ship, now the
1314:10.1080/02690059308574319
1467:History of KwaZulu-Natal
1266:"Biographies: John Ross"
887:, Chapter 1 β Shipwreck.
526:
457:new flag of South Africa
1477:People from Fraserburgh
1208:. London: Spoon Press.
940:, p. 146, Ch VIII.
559:Measured on Google Maps
209:Shaka, king of the Zulu
141:Port Natal and Zululand
1482:Scottish abolitionists
1169:Tugs & Towing News
952:, p. 223, Ch XII.
844:"The real 'John Ross'"
432:
210:
110:
74:Charles Rawden Maclean
70:
1395:. Longmans Green Ltd.
1223:Bulpin, T.V. (1966).
998:The Nautical Magazine
911:The Nautical Magazine
790:The Nautical Magazine
543:The Nautical Magazine
430:
375:Maclean obtained his
366:The Nautical Magazine
357:The Nautical Magazine
295:Final months in Natal
208:
98:
68:
723:"John Ross Memorial"
396:Florence Nightingale
315:by his half-brother
177:Relations with Shaka
1462:Explorers of Africa
1400:Ross, John (1992).
1241:Fynn, Henry Francis
626:on 18 November 2010
441:in search of health
301:Elizabeth and Susan
228:Walk to Delagoa Bay
1487:Scottish explorers
1414:Africana Library.
1330:"Nathaniel Isaacs"
433:
272:, the king of the
211:
88:while en route to
76:, also known as "
71:
1421:978-0-86980-851-1
1367:Isaacs, Nathaniel
1353:Isaacs, Nathaniel
1256:978-0-86985-904-9
1215:978-0-415-25939-2
1044:, Commemtary:Ten.
899:, pp. 19β22.
854:on 3 January 2009
805:Missing or empty
733:on 15 August 2011
697:, pp. 56β69.
604:, pp. 26β28.
503:John Ross Highway
443:". She called at
282:Lebombo Mountains
190:, brother of the
61:
60:
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1492:Scottish sailors
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491:John Ross Bridge
476:Old Fort, Durban
461:Scottish saltire
232:Two years after
167:Francis Farewell
123:Nathaniel Isaacs
56:
53:
47:
24:
16:
1517:
1516:
1512:
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1412:Killie Campbell
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1178:on 9 April 2011
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652:on 11 July 2011
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472:John Ross House
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250:mangrove swamps
244:then-uncharted
230:
224:Shaka's kraal.
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29:This article's
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468:Mary Stainbank
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411:in support of
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309:Port Elizabeth
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38:the key points
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1289:Gray, Stephen
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1142:. 1 July 2009
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1497:Sea captains
1429:
1406:
1402:Stephen Gray
1392:
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1357:
1341:. Retrieved
1336:
1317:. Retrieved
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1180:. Retrieved
1173:the original
1168:
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1095:
1083:. Retrieved
1072:
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1006:cite journal
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984:Isaacs 1836a
979:
967:. Retrieved
957:
950:Isaacs 1836a
945:
938:Isaacs 1836a
933:
919:cite journal
910:
904:
897:Herrman 1974
892:
885:Isaacs 1836a
880:
873:Isaacs 1836a
868:
856:. Retrieved
852:the original
847:
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807:|title=
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764:Isaacs 1836a
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624:the original
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495:Richards Bay
490:
487:Tugela River
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453:Old Cemetery
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119:Stephen Gray
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31:lead section
1447:1880 deaths
1442:1815 births
1308:(18): 2β5.
1140:Acer Africa
1108:1 September
1085:1 September
1064:Southampton
848:The Witness
737:5 September
695:Bulpin 1966
676:Ritter 1955
602:Gordon 1974
510:salvage tug
305:King George
238:Delagoa Bay
106:Zulu people
90:Southampton
82:Fraserburgh
1436:Categories
522:References
337:Susan King
163:Port Natal
1369:(1836b).
1355:(1836a).
1343:10 August
1319:11 August
1123:Bell 2004
1056:Westender
1042:Ross 1992
1030:Gray 1993
829:The Times
776:Fynn 1969
752:Ross 1992
710:Ross 1992
576:Citations
499:Empangeni
485:over the
408:The Times
400:Balaclava
343:in which
254:crocodile
216:The Times
159:St Helena
151:Cape Town
135:John Ross
78:John Ross
36:summarize
1384:6956051M
1301:Wasafiri
1291:(1993).
1233:5528380M
1104:. Flickr
1081:. Flickr
986:, Ch 12.
483:N2 route
445:Le Havre
370:St Lucia
349:firmness
333:Sandwich
323:St Lucia
246:wetlands
234:The Mary
221:The Mary
183:The Mary
171:The Mary
147:The Mary
94:Zulu War
52:May 2017
1404:(ed.).
1337:Natalia
1279:22 June
1273:Natalia
1195:Sources
1182:22 June
1146:20 June
969:23 June
858:23 June
656:22 June
630:22 June
388:warzone
317:Dingane
188:Dingane
102:British
1418:
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1231:
1212:
1062:(11).
512:named
449:Solent
392:Crimea
381:barque
362:Isaacs
313:Dukuza
278:Tsonga
153:, the
1376:(PDF)
1333:(PDF)
1296:(PDF)
1269:(PDF)
1176:(PDF)
1165:(PDF)
527:Notes
437:Larne
270:Shaka
266:kraal
200:kraal
196:Shaka
194:king
86:Larne
1416:ISBN
1345:2010
1321:2010
1281:2010
1251:ISBN
1210:ISBN
1184:2010
1148:2010
1110:2010
1087:2010
1012:link
971:2010
925:link
860:2010
811:help
739:2021
658:2010
632:2010
274:Zulu
256:and
248:and
192:Zulu
155:Mary
104:and
1310:doi
497:to
390:in
268:of
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