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happy marriage at the end, Nelson notes how Fenice fails in avoiding Iseut's reputation--Iseut, another adulteress who Fenice looks down upon. However, as a result of Fenice's own plotting to maintain her relationship with Cligès, she presents herself as "an adultress who went to any extreme to satisfy her passion" Instead of being remembered as the heroine, then, Fenice is remembered as a sinner who must atone for her sins. Nelson finds that such atonement takes its form in the presentation of the three doctors who attempt to take care of Fenice when she feigns illness; Nelson claims that the reader "heartily approves" when the doctors start to hurt Fenice in an effort to discover what her true plot is. Because of such approval, the reader therefore views the torture that Fenice experiences as a form of atonement or necessary punishment for her immoral actions.
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three doctors are called in to heal Fenice. Upon realizing Fenice's deception, the three doctors torture Fenice in order to discover what she is hiding. Fenice, however, says nothing and is eventually spirited away by Cligès. Soon, however, they are found in their tower hiding-place by
Bertrand, who tells Alis. Cligès goes to Arthur to ask for help in getting his kingdom back from his uncle, but Alis dies while he is away. Cligès and Fenice now are free to marry, and Cligès becomes emperor.
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Alexander and his family then return to Greece and find out that
Alexander's brother, Alis, has claimed the Greek throne after their father's death. Although Alexander is the rightful heir to the throne, he concedes to Alis under the condition that Alis not marry or have children, so that the throne
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character. Although Cligès displays the ability to master the social forms and rhetoric of the court, it is without substance. Lacy claims that the actions of Cligès and Fenice may seem to represent courtliness or chivalric traits, but at their core they are not moral. Lacy believes that Chrètien's
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Many years after
Alexander's death, Alis is persuaded to marry. He chooses as his bride Fenice, the daughter of the German Emperor. Thus begins the story of Cligès and Fenice. Cligès falls in love with his uncle's wife, who also loves Cligès; he follows in his father's footsteps to Arthur's kingdom
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The discussion of morality in relation to Fenice's character continues in "The Public and
Private Images of 'Cliges' Fenice", written by D. Nelson. Nelson, like Lacy, claims that Fenice's actions are not moral, even though readers are expected to celebrate her happy ending with Cligès. Despite her
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As Cligès and Fenice still love each other, Fenice concocts a plan to use magic to trick Alis and allow them to escape. With the help of a potion provided by her governess, she fakes illness so that she could eventually die and reunite with Cligès. However, before she could fake her actual death,
339:. This prose version differs from the original in several aspects, and the story is thought to have been adapted to the cultural and political circumstances of the Burgundian court at the time. Its first modern prose edition was written by
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scholar Z. P. Zaddy supports the dual story approach, but also divides the text even further as creates a new structure where the two stories are split into eight episodes. This approach is intended to make the text read more dramatically.
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from the traitorous Count Angrès. During his time at court, Alexander meets Arthur's niece, Soredamors; they quickly fall in love, but neither party is able to tell the other how they feel. Queen
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to be knighted. Like his father, he does well in King Arthur's court, participating in tournaments and displaying courtly manners. He is knighted and returns home.
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242:'s parents, Alexander and Soredamors. Alexander, the son of the Greek emperor (also called Alexander), travels to Britain to become a knight in
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Kelly, Douglas (January 1976). "Chrétien
Studies: Problems of Form and Meaning in Erec, Yvain, Cliges and the Charrete. Z. P. Zaddy".
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571:"Le Livre de Alixandre empereur de Constentinoble et de Cligés son filz : roman en prose du XVe siècle - Librairie Droz"
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can be better understood by dividing the text into two parts, or two nearly separate stories. The first story consists of
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takes notice and encourages them to express their mutual love. They then marry and a child is born, named Cligès.
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examines the characters found in Cligès and argues that Chrètien uses the story as an ironic presentation of
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apart from his contemporaries and their work. Chrétien used many Latin writing techniques such as nature
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has come down to us through seven manuscripts and various fragments. The poem comprises 6,664
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give some of the only extant information on the creator's biography and earlier work.
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version known from a few fragments and references. In the 15th century, an unknown
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There are many stylistic techniques that set Chrétien de Troyes and his work
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Lacy, Norris J. "Cligès" and
Courtliness". Interpretations, Vol. 15, No. 2
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will pass to Cligès. Alexander then dies, and Cligès is raised in Greece.
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Le Livre de
Alixandre Empereur de Constentinoble et de Cligés Son Filz.
536:(in German). Translated by Kasten, Ingrid. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter.
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Nelson, D. (1981), "The Public and
Private Images of 'Cligès' Fenice",
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Nelson, D. (1981), "The Public and
Private Images of 'Cligès' Fenice",
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Le Livre de
Alixandre Empereur de Constentinoble et de Cligés Son Filz
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is meant to throw doubt on the value and validity of courtliness.
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Another scholar, Lucie Polak, sees the text as a reworking of
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Chrétien De Troyes in Prose: The Burgundian Erec and Cligés
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Cligès, Auf der Grundlage des Textes von Wendelin Foerster
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Chrétien de Troyes; Owen, D. D. R. (translator) (1988).
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The Creation of the First Arthurian Romance: A Quest.
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467:Lacy, Norris J. (1991). "Chrétien de Troyes". In
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377:(Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1974).
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153:and his love for his uncle's wife, Fenice.
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671:in a freely-distributable PDF document
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323:Another version of the romance is a
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509:, VII. pp. 8188. ISSN 0950-3129.
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1999:Qntal III: Tristan und Isolde
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560:Genève: Librairie Droz, 2004.
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1927:The Old French Tristan Poems
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431:Arthurian Romances
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1953:Discography
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1352:Brocéliande
1312:Round Table
1140:Leodegrance
1110:Gwenhwyfach
839:Round Table
737:Constantine
707:King Arthur
244:King Arthur
203:amplificato
197:conjointure
191:portraiture
83:6,664 lines
2113:Categories
1919:Arthur Rex
1839:Chevrefoil
1741:Characters
1297:Holy Grail
1266:Petitcrieu
847:Bagdemagus
660:(includes
580:2018-12-11
361:References
354:Sir Cleges
329:Burgundian
157:Background
67:Verse form
40:Old French
2043:Lovespell
1964:Liebestod
1807:Béroul's
1753:Brangaine
1612:Philomela
1595:Works by
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1145:Lohengrin
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957:Sagramore
947:Pellinore
937:Palamedes
782:Guinevere
777:Gingalain
409:0038-7134
306:Narcissus
284:chivalric
252:Guinevere
26:Author(s)
2009:" (2005)
1801:Tristran
1773:Meliodas
1692:Lancelot
1435:In media
1419:Tintagel
1409:Lyonesse
1384:Corbenic
1374:Celliwig
1364:Caerleon
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1045:Catigern
985:Agrestes
952:Percival
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897:Galehaut
852:Bedivere
807:Morgause
727:Agravain
709:and the
389:Speculum
347:See also
270:Analysis
231:Synopsis
173:couplets
146:Perceval
140:Lancelot
112:medieval
36:Language
2007:Tristan
1991:Tristan
1887:Tristan
1825:Tristan
1817:Tristan
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1673:Related
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1335:Astolat
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1285:Objects
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887:Dinadan
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872:Caradoc
797:Mordred
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762:Gaheris
742:Culhwch
627:Cligès
417:2851026
88:Subject
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1914:(1971)
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1882:(1882)
1874:(1852)
1832:Cligès
1823:Prose
1758:Iseult
1626:Cligès
1463:Topics
1452:comics
1414:Sarras
1404:Logres
1340:Avalon
1327:Places
1256:Cavall
1220:Sebile
1215:Rience
1185:Merlin
1160:Lunete
1155:Lucius
1125:Iseult
927:Lionel
922:Lanval
882:Daniel
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180:Cligès
170:rhymed
162:Cligès
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129:Cligès
115:French
107:Cligés
104:(also
101:Cligès
80:Length
21:Cligès
1978:1887)
1938:Music
1604:Works
1240:Yniol
1200:Olwen
1085:Garel
1070:Enide
827:Yvain
822:Urien
747:Ector
732:Cador
413:JSTOR
185:topos
134:Yvain
117:poet
57:Genre
2018:Film
757:Hoel
602:ISBN
538:ISBN
477:ISBN
439:ISBN
405:ISSN
206:and
143:and
52:1176
46:Date
2078:Art
1976:ca.
1150:Lot
1010:Ban
792:Kay
655:at
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397:doi
308:.
274:In
168:in
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