94:
504:, a member of the Russian royalty. He saw the potential of the region's sub-tropical climate and decided to build a high-class resort there. Having raised a large sum of money from the government, he built a palace there for himself and constructed a number of other buildings in an eclectic variety of architectural styles from around Europe. A park was laid out with tropical trees, and parrots and monkeys were imported to give it an exotic feel. Despite the expensive work, the resort was not initially a success, although it did later attract a growing number of foreign tourists visiting on cruises of the Black Sea. Following the founding of the resort, the area was ceded from
1599:
1450:
1148:
242:
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159:
109:
911:
1593:
594:
469:
79:
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480:. The western merchants were expelled and the town entered a prolonged period of decline, with much of the local population fleeing into the mountains. By the 18th century, the town had been reduced to little more than a village surrounded by forests and disease-ridden swamps. Its fortunes were restored in the 19th century when the
484:
expanded into the region, annexing the whole of
Georgia. The swamps were drained and the town was rebuilt around a new military hospital. Its population, however, was still small; in 1866, a census recorded that 336 men and 280 women, mostly local families or army officers and their dependents, lived
570:
In the late 1980s, tensions grew between the
Georgian and Abkhazian communities in the region. An all-out war erupted between 1992 and 1993 which ended in a defeat of the Georgian government's forces. Hundreds of thousands of ethnic Georgians were expelled from their homes in Abkhazia and thousands
551:
issued a decree in 1919 establishing a "worker's resort" in Gagra, nationalising the resort that had been built by
Oldenburg. It became a popular holiday resort for Soviet citizens and during World War II gained a new role as a site for the rehabilitation of wounded soldiers. After the war, various
455:
merchants were prominent, trading in the town's main exports – wood, honey, wax and slaves. The name "Gagra" appeared for the first time on a map in 1308, on a map of the
Caucasus made by the Italian Pietro Visconti, which is now in the
1486:
524:, a local uprising produced a revolutionary government in the town, which founded a short-lived Republic of Gagra. This was soon defeated and the revolutionaries were arrested
1184:
721:
by 5 UN member states (two other states previously recognised it but then withdrew their recognition), while the remainder of the international community recognizes it as
683:
by 5 UN member states (two other states previously recognised it but then withdrew their recognition), while the remainder of the international community recognizes it as
718:
680:
579:
were at the centre of the fighting and suffered heavy damage. To this date ethnic
Georgians have an IDP status and have not been able to return to their homes.
2377:
795:
1479:
400:
clan. According to V. Kvarchija, Gagra (< *ga-kʼə-ra) means 'the holder of the coast' in Abkhaz (Gagra was mentioned as Kakara, Kakkari on old maps).
1177:
1472:
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1170:
489:, when Turkish troops invaded, destroyed the town and expelled the local population. Russia won the war, however, and rebuilt Gagra again.
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From
Conflict to Autonomy in the Caucasus: The Soviet Union and the Making of Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Nagorno Karabakh
858:
From
Conflict to Autonomy in the Caucasus: The Soviet Union and the Making of Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Nagorno Karabakh
1495:
528:. The First World War a few years later was a disaster for Gagra, destroying the tourist trade on which it depended. The
2382:
2387:
2089:
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were built there. The resort grew and was developed intensively as part of the "Soviet
Riviera". A 1985 musical film
792:
304:
728:
690:
358:
125:
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979:
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923:
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350:. Its subtropical climate made Gagra a popular health resort in Imperial Russian and Soviet times.
1217:
972:
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432:. Its geographical position led the Romans to fortify the town, which was repeatedly attacked by
727:
Georgian territory. Georgia continues to claim the area as its own territory, designating it as
689:
Georgian territory. Georgia continues to claim the area as its own territory, designating it as
1945:
413:
1204:
713:
The political status of
Abkhazia is disputed. Having unilaterally declared independence from
675:
The political status of
Abkhazia is disputed. Having unilaterally declared independence from
601:
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793:
History of Georgian Mountain Regions: Svaneti and Its Inhabitants (Ethno-historical Studies)
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396:. According to the Soviet writer Bondaryev, the name of the city originates from the local
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It had a population of 26,636 in 1989, but this has fallen considerably due to the
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Georgia/Abkhazia: Violations of the Laws of War and Russia's Role in the Conflict
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In the 16th century, Gagra and the rest of western Georgia were conquered by the
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take over the town; despite a brief French attempt to repel them during the
420:), inhabited by Greeks and Colchians. Colchis came under the control of the
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368:. It is located in the western part of Region of Abkhazia, and river
343:
292:
540:, the town was firmly incorporated into the new Soviet Union within
2259:
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1730:
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The town was established as a Greek colony in the kingdom of
920:
742:"В сухумский порт прибыл корабль Черноморского флота России"
2325:
1980:
1796:
768:"Государственный комитет Республики Абхазия по статистике"
1494:
825:(in Russian). Moscow: Физкультура и спорт. Archived from
1192:
492:
342:, sprawling for 5 km on the northeast coast of the
496:
View of Gagra's wharf sometime between 1905 and 1915.
436:
and other invaders. The town and the whole region of
666:
is at the same time Mayor of the Gagra municipality.
846:Кәарҷиа В. Е. Аҧсны атопонимика — Аҟәа. 2002. P. 92
424:in the 1st century BC before being absorbed by the
463:
357:and other demographic shifts during and after the
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565:
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719:is formally recognised as an independent state
681:is formally recognised as an independent state
628:19th-century palace of the Prince of Oldenburg
447:It became a major trading settlement in which
325:
36:
2378:Populated coastal places in Georgia (country)
1480:
1178:
980:
50:
1487:
1473:
1185:
1171:
987:
973:
804:National Parliamentary Library of Georgia
616:Ruins of the Abaata Fortress (4th–5th AD)
485:in Gagra. The town suffered badly in the
355:ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia
814:
592:
491:
467:
870:
855:
19:For the union council in Pakistan, see
2365:
571:were massacred in an outbreak of mass
1468:
1166:
968:
669:
384:According to some Georgian scholars,
656:
1443:Administrative divisions of Georgia
500:In 1904 the town was discovered by
13:
2373:Populated places in Gagra District
994:
707:
612:The chief landmarks of Gagra are:
575:. Gagra and the Abkhazian capital
14:
2399:
903:
885:Human Rights Watch Arms Project.
472:Palace of the Prince of Oldenburg
334:and Russian: Гагра) is a town in
1597:
1591:
1448:
1146:
909:
625:Marlinsky defensive tower (1841)
562:further popularized the resort.
240:
164:
157:
131:
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107:
92:
77:
1508:Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia
879:
864:
748:(in Russian). 29 September 2023
464:Gagra within the Russian Empire
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840:
808:
785:
760:
734:
1:
1608:Autonomous Republic of Adjara
791:Topchishvili, Roland (2005),
700:
566:Gagra in post-soviet Abkhazia
165:
132:
113:Location of Gagra in Abkhazia
2297:Cities with local government
917:travel guide from Wikivoyage
893:. March 1995 Vol. 7, No. 7.
588:
516:Gagra under the Soviet Union
487:Russo-Turkish War, 1877-1878
428:, which renamed the town as
379:
7:
1194:Administrative divisions of
632:
532:shortly afterwards saw the
502:Duke Alexander of Oldenburg
364:Gagra is the centre of the
284: • Estimate
10:
2404:
1589:
1496:Cities, towns and townlets
729:Russian-occupied territory
691:Russian-occupied territory
581:
522:Russian Revolution of 1905
417:
403:
18:
2383:Greek colonies in Colchis
2342:
2296:
2228:
2136:
2088:
2013:
1944:
1877:
1817:
1740:
1666:
1606:
1506:
1439:
1313:
1267:
1251:
1203:
1137:
1121:
1051:
1030:
1009:
1002:
875:. Routledge. p. 134.
860:. Routledge. p. 134.
366:district of the same name
359:War in Abkhazia (1992–93)
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303:
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278:
270:
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31:
26:Town in Abkhazia, Georgia
2388:Georgian Black Sea coast
1141:Subdivisions of Abkhazia
871:Saparov, Arsène (2014).
856:Saparov, Arsène (2014).
649:
392:meaning "walnut" in the
372:serves as a border with
16:Town in Abkhazia/Georgia
815:БОНДАРЕВ, Н.Д. (1981).
559:Winter Evening in Gagra
1946:Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti
1122:Other populated places
1031:Urban-type settlements
820:In Abkhazian mountains
609:
497:
473:
596:
510:Black Sea Governorate
495:
471:
458:Library of Saint Mark
346:, at the foot of the
234:Partially recognized
148:Show map of Abkhazia
2090:Racha-Lechkhumi and
1455:Abkhazia portal
1153:Abkhazia portal
947: /
412:, called Triglite (
236:independent country
206: /
181:Show map of Georgia
2015:Samtskhe-Javakheti
926:2010-05-19 at the
921:webcamera in Gagra
887:Human Rights Watch
798:2012-03-10 at the
717:in 1992, Abkhazia
679:in 1992, Abkhazia
610:
530:Russian Revolution
498:
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348:Caucasus Mountains
271: • Mayor
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1879:Mtskheta-Mtianeti
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1461:
1314:Other settlements
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1159:
1117:
1116:
951:43.333°N 40.217°E
818:В ГОРАХ АБХАЗИИ (
547:Bolshevik leader
538:Russian Civil War
440:remained part of
422:kingdom of Pontus
315:
314:
210:43.283°N 40.267°E
145:Location of Gagra
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1724:Kveda Nasakirali
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1003:Municipalities
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414:Ancient Greek
411:
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191:Coordinates:
189:
160:
127:
117:
110:
105:
95:
87:
80:
75:
71:
66:
60:
46:
30:
22:
2349:
2343:Capital city
2331:
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2317:
2310:
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2285:
2278:
2271:
2264:
2237:
2230:Shida Kartli
2217:
2210:
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2196:
2189:
2182:
2145:
2138:Kvemo Kartli
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2116:
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1523:Akhali Atoni
1515:
1446:
1274:
1144:
1016:
932:
881:
872:
866:
857:
851:
842:
831:. Retrieved
827:the original
821:
817:
810:
787:
776:. Retrieved
772:the original
762:
750:. Retrieved
745:
736:
722:
709:
684:
671:
658:
611:
569:
557:
546:
525:
519:
506:Sukhum Okrug
499:
475:
446:
429:
426:Roman Empire
407:
397:
389:
385:
383:
363:
352:
317:
316:
274:Yuri Khagush
98:Coat of arms
2168:Tetritsqaro
2040:Ninotsminda
2030:Akhalkalaki
2024:Akhaltsikhe
1997:Chkhorotsqu
1991:Tsalenjikha
1689:Chokhatauri
954: /
746:Эхо Кавказа
554:sanatoriums
460:in Venice.
376:of Russia.
213: /
2367:Categories
2255:Tskhinvali
2101:Ambrolauri
2051:Abastumani
1808:Kharagauli
1683:Lanchkhuti
1650:Ochkhamuri
1548:Tkvarcheli
1543:Ochamchire
1441:See also:
1336:Baslakhuba
1305:Tkvarcheli
1295:Ochamchire
1243:Tkvarcheli
1233:Ochamchira
1139:See also:
1094:Mikelrypsh
833:2009-06-07
778:2022-12-04
752:7 December
701:References
582:See also:
552:state-run
534:Bolsheviks
279:Population
266:Government
2198:Khramhesi
2158:Gardabani
2072:Bakuriani
1907:Pasanauri
1900:Akhalgori
1864:Sighnaghi
1854:Lagodekhi
1802:Zestaponi
1792:Tsqaltubo
1777:Samtredia
1772:Sachkhere
1657:Shuakhevi
1575:Leselidze
1568:Gulripshi
1554:Bichvinta
1426:Merkheuli
1376:Leselidze
1361:Gulripshi
1321:Adzyubzha
1290:New Athos
1228:Gulripshi
1205:Districts
1089:Mekhadiri
1079:Khashupse
1074:Leselidze
1059:Alakhadzi
597:An early
589:Monuments
512:in 1904.
380:Etymology
344:Black Sea
293:Time zone
83:Old Gagra
2260:Khashuri
2219:Trialeti
2212:Tamarisi
2205:Manglisi
2173:Marneuli
2118:Lentekhi
2079:Tsagveri
2065:Aspindza
1976:Martvili
1935:Zhinvali
1888:Mtskheta
1859:Sagarejo
1844:Gurjaani
1762:Chiatura
1757:Baghdati
1703:Gomismta
1696:Bakhmaro
1677:Ozurgeti
1623:Kobuleti
1561:Gantiadi
1421:Gantiadi
1406:Myussera
1351:Chkhalta
1331:Avadhara
1326:Agubedia
1300:Pitsunda
1197:Abkhazia
1104:Tsalkoti
1099:Psakhara
1069:Bagrypsh
1064:Baghnari
1052:Villages
1043:Gantiadi
1022:Pitsunda
924:Archived
891:Helsinki
796:Archived
633:See also
599:medieval
542:Georgian
526:en masse
453:Venetian
418:Τριγλίτη
336:Abkhazia
322:Georgian
255:District
248:Abkhazia
45:Georgian
2351:Tbilisi
2333:Rustavi
2319:Kutaisi
2305:Tbilisi
2287:Kornisi
2191:Kazreti
2184:Bediani
2163:Dmanisi
2153:Bolnisi
2147:Rustavi
2112:Tsageri
2058:Adigeni
2035:Borjomi
1955:Zugdidi
1928:Tianeti
1894:Dusheti
1849:Kvareli
1834:Akhmeta
1819:Kakheti
1787:Tkibuli
1782:Terjola
1751:Kutaisi
1742:Imereti
1710:Laituri
1582:Miusera
1538:Gudauta
1517:Sukhumi
1500:Georgia
1386:Kochara
1285:Gudauta
1259:Sukhumi
1238:Sukhumi
1223:Gudauta
1084:Lidzava
942:40°13′E
939:43°20′N
724:de jure
715:Georgia
686:de jure
677:Georgia
577:Sukhumi
520:In the
449:Genoese
438:Colchis
410:Colchis
404:History
340:Georgia
305:Climate
229:Georgia
226:Country
201:40°16′E
198:43°17′N
2312:Batumi
2280:Surami
2250:Kareli
2178:Tsalka
2125:Kvaisa
2004:Mestia
1986:Senaki
1961:Abasha
1869:Tsnori
1828:Telavi
1717:Naruja
1629:Chakvi
1617:Batumi
1401:Lykhny
1371:Ghvada
1252:Cities
1109:Zegani
602:church
430:Nitica
332:Abkhaz
324::
287:12,002
245:
59:Abkhaz
55:
41:
2266:Agara
2245:Kaspi
1971:Khobi
1966:Jvari
1914:Sioni
1767:Khoni
1731:Ureki
1668:Guria
1643:Khulo
1528:Gagra
1431:Mokvi
1416:Salme
1411:Pskhu
1396:Labra
1381:Ilori
1341:Bedia
1275:Gagra
1268:Towns
1213:Gagra
1129:Salme
1017:Gagra
1010:Towns
915:Gagra
650:Notes
544:SSR.
434:Goths
398:Gagaa
390:Gakra
386:Gagra
327:გაგრა
318:Gagra
298:UTC+3
260:Gagra
172:Gagra
139:Gagra
52:Гагра
38:გაგრა
33:Gagra
2326:Poti
2273:Java
2239:Gori
2045:Vale
1981:Poti
1797:Vani
1636:Keda
1533:Gali
1366:Guma
1346:Bzyb
1280:Gali
1218:Gali
1038:Bzyb
754:2023
451:and
370:Psou
70:Town
2107:Oni
1498:in
604:of
508:to
310:Cfa
2369::
802:.
744:.
731:.
693:.
444:.
416::
361:.
330:;
1488:e
1481:t
1474:v
1186:e
1179:t
1172:v
988:e
981:t
974:v
889:/
836:.
822:)
781:.
756:.
338:/
320:(
61:)
57:(
47:)
43:(
23:.
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