1890:, appears at first to be cynical fool, but turns out to an anti-Nazi who is secretly sabotaging the German war effort by designing faulty planes. Bartov commented that in this film, the German officer corps is shown as a group of fundamentally noble and civilized men who happened to be serving an evil regime made up of a small gang of gangsterish misfits totally unrepresentative of German society, which served to exculpate both the officer corps and by extension Germany society. Bartov wrote that no German film of the 1950s showed the deep commitment felt by many German soldiers to National Socialism, the utter ruthless way the German Army fought the war and the mindless nihilist brutality of the later Wehrmacht. Bartov wrote that German film-makers liked to show the heroic last stand of the 6th Army at Stalingrad, but none has so far showed the 6th Army's massive co-operation with the
448:
3631:
2280:, and the German Federal Film Board (a government body created in 1968 to support film-making in Germany). This accord, which has been repeatedly extended up to the present day, provides for the television companies to make available an annual sum to support the production of films which are suitable for both theatrical distribution and television presentation. (The amount of money provided by the public broadcasters has varied between 4.5 and 12.94 million euros per year. Under the terms of the accord, films produced using these funds can only be screened on television 24 months after their theatrical release. They may appear on video or DVD no sooner than six months after cinema release. Nevertheless, the New German Cinema found it difficult to attract a large domestic or international audience.
3785:
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3617:
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themselves were resisting anything that was "German". But the ban imposed on German films involved commercial considerations as well – as an
American president of one of the film companies was quoted, "an influx of such films in the United States would throw thousands of our own... out of work, because it would be absolutely impossible for the American producers to compete with the German producers". At home, the German film industry confronted an unstable economic situation and the devaluation of the currency made it difficult for the smaller production companies to function. Film industry financing was a fragile business and expensive productions occasionally led to bankruptcy. In 1925 UFA itself was forced to go into a disadvantageous partnership called
224:
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3006:
1409:
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1230:
879:
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2550:
3827:
3547:
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3841:
487:
3813:
1987:
714:(die neue Sachlichkeit) began to take its place. It was influenced by new issues which occupied the public in those years, as the rampant inflation caused deterioration in the economic status of the middle class. These films, often called "street films" or "asphalt films", tried to reflect reality in all its complexity and ugliness. They focused on objects surrounding the characters and cynically symbolized the despair felt by the German people, whose lives were shattered after the war. The most prominent film maker who is associated with this genre is
3757:
3743:
3533:
1438:, or rubble films, which were filmed amidst the rubble of structures bombed during World War II. Early on, production of East German film was limited due to strict controls imposed by the authorities which restricted the subject-matter of films to topics that directly contributed to the Communist project of the state. Excluding newsreels and educational films, only 50 films were produced between 1948 and 1953. However, in later years numerous films were produced on a variety of themes. DEFA had particular strengths in
3589:
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8357:
2412:
326:
3855:
6348:
1166:
6823:
550:
865:. This style was in many ways a reaction against the spectacle of expressionism and thus tended to revolve around ordinary people from the lower-middle-class. Films of this genre were often called "instinct" films because they emphasized the impulses and intimate psychology of the characters. The sets were kept to a minimum and there was abundant use of camera movements to add complexity to the rather intimate and simple spaces. Associated with this particular style is also screenwriter
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3645:
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935:
2750:
has to fulfill different requirements including a cultural eligibility test. The fund offers 50 million euros a year to film producers and or co-producers and grants can amount to up to 20% of the approved German production costs. At least 25% the production costs must be spent in
Germany, or only 20%, if the production costs are higher than 20 million euros. The DFFF has been established in 2007 and supported projects in all categories and genres.
1761:
801:
3603:
2533:
3904:
4667:
3890:
6808:
8343:
4001:
3876:
2233:
707:'s second wife. In these films, Lubitsch presented prominent historic personalities who are caught up by their weaknesses and petty urges and thus, ironically, become responsible for huge historical events. Despite modest budgets, his films included extravagant scenes which were meant to appeal to a wide audience and insure a wide international distribution.
523:, which was incorporated into UFA, expanded massively and gave the German film industry a highly developed infrastructure. Babelsberg remained the centre of German filmmaking for many years, became the largest film studio in Europe and produced most of the films in this "golden era" of German cinema. In essence it was "the German equivalent to Hollywood".
39:
1872:, the focus is on celebrating the heroism of the German soldier in that battle, who are shown as valiantly holding out against overwhelming odds with no mention at all of what those soldiers were fighting for, namely National Socialist ideology or the Holocaust. This period also saw a number of films that depicted the military
1854:(1958) dealing with German POWs in the Soviet Union, Germans are portrayed as more civilized, humane and intelligent than the Soviets, who are shown for the most part as Mongol savages who brutalized the German POWs. One of the German POWs successfully seduces the beautiful and tough Red Army Captain Alexandra Kasalniskaya (
3701:
3033:
in 1951, the festival has been celebrated annually in
February since 1978. With 274,000 tickets sold and 487,000 admissions it is considered the largest publicly attended film festival worldwide. Up to 400 films are shown in several sections, representing a comprehensive array of the cinematic world.
2517:
provided new competition for theatrical film distribution. Cinema attendance, having rallied slightly in the late 1970s after an all-time low of 115.1 million visits in 1976, dropped sharply again from the mid-1980s to end at just 101.6 million visits in 1989. However, the availability of a
611:
who is using a sleepwalker to perform a series of murders. The film featured a dark and twisted visual style – the set was unrealistic with geometric images painted on the floor and shapes in light and shadow cast on walls, the acting was exaggerated and the costumes bizarre. These stylistic elements
364:
Cinemas themselves began to be established landmarks in the years immediately before World War I. Before this, German filmmakers would tour with their works, travelling from fairground to fairground. The earliest ongoing cinemas were set up in cafes and pubs by owners who saw a way of attracting more
1774:
Despite the advent of a regular television service in the
Federal Republic in 1952, cinema attendances continued to grow through much of the 1950s, reaching a peak of 817.5 million visits in 1956. The majority of the films of this period set out to do no more than entertain the audience and had
1380:
which enabled film production to get off the ground more quickly than in the
Western sectors. The authorities in the Soviet Zone were keen to re-establish the film industry in their sector and an order was issued to re-open cinemas in Berlin in May 1945 within three weeks of German capitulation. The
1266:(1940), which achieved commercial success at home and elsewhere in Europe, the majority of German films from the National Socialist period were intended principally as works of entertainment. The import of foreign films was legally restricted after 1936 and the German industry, which was effectively
2749:
The main production incentive provided by governmental authorities is the
Deutscher Filmförderfonds (DFFF) (German Federal Film Fund). The DFFF is a grant given by the Staatsministerin für Kultur und Medien (Federal Government Commissioner for Culture and the Media). To receive the grant a producer
2716:
The collapse of the GDR had a large effect on the German cinema industry. The viewer count increased with the new population's access to western movies. The movies produced in the United States were the most popular, due to the fact that the market was dominated by them and the production was more
2287:
film-makers such as Kluge and
Fassbinder are examples of this, although Fassbinder in his use of stars from German cinema history also sought a reconciliation between the new cinema and the old. In addition, a distinction is sometimes drawn between the avantgarde "Young German Cinema" of the 1960s
2212:
in their rejection of the existing German film industry and their determination to build a new cinema founded on artistic and social measures rather than commercial success. Most of these directors organized themselves in, or partially co-operated with, the film production and distribution company
1944:
film industry of the 1950s could no longer measure up to that of France, Italy, or Japan. German films were only rarely distributed internationally as they were perceived as provincial. International co-productions of the kind which were becoming common in France and Italy tended to be rejected by
432:
films were produced, which equalled the Allies' films in the matter of propaganda and disparagement of the enemy. Audiences however did not care to swallow the patriotic medicine without the accompanying sugar of the light-entertainment films which, consequently, Ufa also promoted. The German film
423:
left a noticeable gap in the market. By 1916, there already existed some 2000 fixed venues for movie performances and initially film screenings were supplemented or even replaced by variety turns. In 1917 a process of concentration and partial nationalisation of the German film industry began with
2016:
The roots of the problem lay deeper in changing economic and social circumstances. Average incomes in the
Federal Republic rose sharply and this opened up alternative leisure activities to compete with cinema-going. At this time too, television was developing into a mass medium that could compete
1622:
In the final years of the GDR, the availability of television and the programming and films on television broadcasts reaching into the GDR via the uncontrollable airwaves, reduced the influence of DEFA productions, although its continuing role in producing shows for East German television channel
510:
Nevertheless, the German film industry enjoyed an unprecedented development – during the 14 years which comprise the Weimar period, an average of 250 film were being produced each year, a total of 3,500 full-feature films. Apart from UFA, about 230 film companies were active in Berlin alone. This
293:
In its earliest days, the cinematograph was perceived as an attraction for upper class audiences, but the novelty of moving pictures did not last long. Soon, trivial short films were being shown as fairground attractions aimed at the working class and lower-middle class. The booths in which these
2791:
Critics accuse film funding in
Germany of being institutionally fragmented, making it virtually impossible to coordinate all measures, which would ultimately benefit the quality of productions. They also say that a blanket distribution of grants stifles the incentive to produce films that recoup
2768:
also began to establish funding institutions, often with the intention of supporting their own production locations. Today, film funding by the federal states makes up the largest share of film funding in
Germany. A total of more than 200 million euros in grants are distributed annually, with an
1692:
year of 1945 cinema attendance was unsurprisingly down to a fraction of its wartime heights, but already by the end of the decade it had reached levels that exceeded the pre-war period. For the first time in many years, German audiences had free access to cinema from around the world and in this
2720:
Internationally, German productions are benefitting from streaming. Their global market share is rising. Domestically, the German movies improved their market share of about 16% in 1996 to around 30% in 2021., so the movie culture is partly recognized to be underfunded, problem laden and rather
1844:
films. The only exception is the Jewish American officer, who is shown as both hyper-intelligent and very unscrupulous, which Bartov noted seems to imply that the real tragedy of World War II was the Nazis did not get a chance to exterminate all of the Jews, who have now returned with Germany's
2419:
Having achieved some of its goals, among them the establishment of state funding for the film industry and renewed international recognition for German films, the New German Cinema had begun to show signs of fatigue by the 1980s, even though many of its proponents continued to enjoy individual
960:
showed an interest, but possibly due to financial difficulties, never made a sound film. But in the late 1920s, sound production and distribution were starting to be adopted by the German film industry and by 1932 Germany had 3,800 cinemas equipped to play sound films. The first filmmakers who
3041:
The festival, the EFM and other satellite events are attended by around 20,000 professionals from over 130 countries. More than 4200 journalists are responsible for the media exposure in over 110 countries. At high-profile feature film premieres, movie stars and celebrities are present at the
1996:
In the late 1950s, the growth in cinema attendance of the preceding decade first stagnated and then went into freefall throughout the 1960s. By 1969 West German cinema attendance at 172.2 million visits per year was less than a quarter of its 1956 post-war peak. As a consequence of this,
462:
The German film industry, which was protected during the war by the ban on foreign films import, became exposed at the end of the war to the international film industry while having to face an embargo, this time on its own films. Many countries banned the import of German films and audiences
1701:
from the United States. Nonetheless, the share of the film market for German films in this period and into the 1950s remained relatively large, taking up some 40 percent of the total market. American films took up around 30 percent of the market despite having around twice as many films in
760:
portrayed a man torn between his homosexual tendencies and the moral and social conventions. It is considered to be the first German film to deal with homosexuality and some researchers even believe it to be the first in the world to examine this issue explicitly. That same year, the film
1725:(1948), and are concerned primarily with day-to-day life in the devastated Germany and an initial reaction to the events of the Nazi period (the full horror of which was first experienced by many in documentary footage from liberated concentration camps). Such films include
1313:(1943) was another big-budget epic that arguably inspired other films about the ill-fated ocean liner. The importance of the cinema as a tool of the state, both for its propaganda value and its ability to keep the populace entertained, can be seen in the filming history of
1125:
that he asked Lang to become the head of his propaganda film unit. Lang fled to America instead, where he had a long and prosperous career. Many up-and-coming German directors also fled to the U.S., having a major influence on American film as a result. A number of the
1834:
film trilogy of 1954–55 concerns a sensitive young German soldier who would rather play the piano than fight, and who fights on the Eastern Front without understanding why; however, no mention is made of the genocidal aspects of Germany's war in East. The last of the
357:: "If one looks to where cinema receives its ultimate power, into these strangely flickering eyes that point far back into human history, suddenly it stands there in all its massiveness: visual pleasure." Visually striking sets and makeup were key to the style of the
1221:
and thus denied employment in the industry. Some 3,000 individuals were affected by this employment ban. In addition, as journalists were also organised as a division of the Propaganda Ministry, Goebbels was able to abolish film criticism in 1936 and replace it with
545:
Due to the unstable economic condition and in an attempt to deal with modest production budgets, filmmakers were trying to reach the largest audience possible and in that, to maximize their revenues. This led to films being made in a vast array of genres and styles.
2518:
back catalogue of films on video also allowed for a different relationship between the viewer and an individual film, while private TV channels brought new money into the film industry and provided a launch pad from which new talent could later move into film.
1572:(1966) which was pulled from distribution after three days, not because it was antipathetic to communist principles, but because it showed that such principles, which it fostered, were not put into practice at all times in East Germany. The huge box-office hit
1997:
numerous German production and distribution companies went out of business in the 1950s and 1960s and cinemas across the Federal Republic closed their doors; the number of screens in West Germany almost halved between the beginning and the end of the decade.
2784:, many feature films were initially supported by federal guarantees. However, film funding in its current form did not develop until the 1950s, when television began to supplant motion pictures. In 1967, a film funding law was passed for the first time. The
679:
Despite its significance, expressionist cinema was not the dominant genre of this era. Many other genres such as period dramas, melodramas, romantic comedies, and films of social and political nature, were much more prevalent and definitely more popular.
2000:
Initially, the crisis was perceived as a problem of overproduction. Consequently, the German film industry cut back on production. 123 German movies were produced in 1955, only 65 in 1965. However, many German film companies followed the 1960s trends of
2159:
In the 1960s more than three-quarters of the regular cinema audience were lost as consequence of the rising popularity of TV sets at home. As a reaction to the artistic and economic stagnation of German cinema, a group of young film-makers issued the
1565:
approach in the 1960s, filmmakers were still subject to the changing political positions, and indeed the whims, of the SED leadership. For example, DEFA's full slate of contemporary films from 1966 were denied distribution, among them Frank Beyer's
1090:
The uncertain economic and political situation in Weimar Germany had already led to a number of film-makers and performers leaving the country, primarily for the United States; Ernst Lubitsch moved to Hollywood as early as 1923, the Hungarian-born
739:
Pabst is also identified with another genre which branched from the New Objectivity – that of social and political films. These filmmakers dared to confront sensitive and controversial social issues which engaged the public in those days; such as
274:
in Paris on 28 December of the same year, a performance that Max Skladanowsky attended and at which he was able to ascertain that the Cinematographe was technically superior to his Bioscop. Other German film pioneers included the Berliners
1639:(DEFA Foundation) which exploits these rights in conjunction with a series of private companies, especially the quickly privatized Progress Film GmbH, which has issued several East German films with English subtitles since the mid-1990s.
2709:
Germany has a long tradition of cooperation with the European-based film industry, which started as early as during the 1960s. Since 1990 the number of international projects financed and co-produced by German filmmakers has expanded.
1199:(Reich Chamber of Film), the body of the Nazi state charged with control of the film industry, which marked the official exclusion of Jews and foreigners from employment in the German film industry. As part of the process of
841:
and published in 1919. The novel described a dark world consumed by disease and war. The filmmakers decided to take the story to a more contemporary context by reflecting the growing fear among the German public of political
2265:. However, the broadcasters sought TV premieres for the films which they had supported financially, with theatrical showings only occurring later. As a consequence, such films tended to be unsuccessful at the box office.
1827:
wrote that German films of the 1950s showed the average German soldier as a heroic victim: noble, tough, brave, honourable, and patriotic while fighting hard in a senseless war for a regime that he did not care for. The
2761:). For the first time in Germany high-profile tv series and digital filmmaking will be funded at a federal level in the same manner as feature films. Funding is also increasingly flowing to international co-productions.
736:(1927). Pabst is also credited with innovations in film editing, such as reversing the angle of the camera or cutting between two camera angles, which enhanced film continuity and later became standards of the industry.
298:. Film-makers with an artistic bent attempted to counter this view of cinema with longer films based on literary models, and the first German "artistic" films began to be produced from around 1910, an example being the
2302:
but combined this eclectically with references to the well-established genres of Hollywood cinema. The New German Cinema dealt with contemporary German social problems in a direct way; the Nazi past, the plight of the
3068:
and aims to provide native filmmakers a forum for discussion and a way to promote the reputation of German cinema through publications, presentations, discussions and regular promotion of the subject in the schools.
1274:
when the cinema provided a distraction from Allied bombing and a string of German defeats. In both 1943 and 1944 cinema admissions in Germany exceeded a billion, and the biggest box office hits of the war years were
1839:
films ends with Germany occupied by a gang of American soldiers portrayed as bubble-gum chewing, slack-jawed morons and uncultured louts, totally inferior in every respect to the heroic German soldiers shown in the
1666:
brought a major and long-lasting change to the economic conditions under which the industry in Germany had previously operated. The holdings of Ufa were confiscated by the Allies and, as part of the process of
2772:
The history of film funding began in Germany with the founding of the UFA GmbH (1917), which was to produce pro-German propaganda films - equipped with funds from industry and banks. During the period of
948:
The arrival of sound at the very end of the 1920s, produced a final artistic flourish of German film before the collapse of the Weimar Republic in 1933. As early as 1918, three inventors came up with the
1858:) who prefers him to the sadistic camp commandant, which as Bartov comments also is meant to show that even in defeat, German men were more sexually virile and potent than their Russian counterparts. In
2225:
827:
were produced throughout the 1920s and were popular with the nationalist right-wing, who strongly criticised the "asphalt" films' decadence. Another dark chapter of the Weimar period was reflected in
2717:
advanced than Germany's. Some other genres that were popular consisted of Romantic Comedies, and Social Commentaries. Wolfgang Petersen and Roland Emmerich both established international success.
396:
were particularly popular in Germany. The public's desire to see more films with particular actors led to the development in Germany, as elsewhere, of the phenomenon of the film star; the actress
1793:
were of little interest to more scholarly film critics, but in recent years they have been the subject of study in relation to what they say about the culture of West Germany in the years of the
210:
Germany witnessed major changes to its identity during the 20th and 21st century. Those changes determined the periodisation of national cinema into a succession of distinct eras and movements.
511:
industry was attracting producers and directors from all over Europe. The fact that the films were silent and language was not a factor, enabled even foreign actors, like the Danish film star
1193:, Alfred Hugenberg had effectively turned over Ufa to the ends of the Nazis, excluding Jews from employment in the company in March 1933, several months before the foundation in June of the
428:(UFA), which was partly a reaction to the very effective use that the Allied Powers had found for the new medium for the purpose of propaganda. Under the aegis of the military, so-called
6699:
6171:
2255:
were consequently often dependent on money from television. Young filmmakers had the opportunity to test their mettle in such programmes as the stand-alone drama and documentary series
1679:, specifically forbade the imposition of import quotas to protect German film production from foreign competition, the result of lobbying by the American industry as represented by the
2809:
Deutscher Filmförderfonds (DFFF) (German Federal Film Fund) of the Beauftragten der Bundesregierung für Kultur und Medien (Federal Government Commissioner for Culture and the Media)
750:(1929), tells the story of a young woman who has a child out of wedlock, is thrown out into the street by her family and has to resort to prostitution to survive. As early as 1919,
266:
in Berlin. A 15-minute series of eight short films were shown – the first screening of films to a paying audience. This performance pre-dated the first paying public display of the
2139:(1970) and its successors were produced into the 1970s. Such movies were commercially successful and often enjoyed international distribution, but won little acclaim from critics.
519:, to be hired even for leading roles. This period can also be noted for new technological developments in film making and experimentation in set design and lighting, led by UFA.
1405:, had also been established as a similar monopoly for domestic film distribution, its principal "competition" being Sovexportfilm, which handled distribution of Soviet films.
1254:
state, no films could be made that were not ostensibly in accord with the views of the ruling regime. However, despite the existence of anti-semitic propaganda works such as
2370:. The New German Cinema also allowed for female directors to come to the fore and for the development of a feminist cinema which encompassed the works of directors such as
2342:(1984) found critical approval. Often the work of these auteurs was first recognised abroad rather than in Germany itself. The work of post-war Germany's leading novelists
1428:
In total, DEFA produced some 900 feature films during its existence as well as around 800 animated films and over 3000 documentaries and short films. In 1946 DEFA produced
1330:
film production being a notable example. Technical and aesthetic achievement could also be turned to the specific ends of the Nazi state, most spectacularly in the work of
3630:
1323:(1945), the most expensive film of the Nazi era, for the shooting of which tens of thousands of soldiers were diverted from their military positions to appear as extras.
8736:
8688:
744:, prostitution and homosexuality. To a large extent, Weimar cinema was playing a vibrant and important role by leading public debate on those issues. Pabst, in his film
6116:
4368:
783:. In the background, a love story also evolves between a young Russian student and the daughter of the leader of the Jewish community, something that was considered a
6660:(Wallflower Press, distributed by Columbia University Press; 2012) 264 pages; analyses of 24 works from silent movies to such contemporary films as "Good Bye, Lenin!"
6052:
8693:
8545:
1154:
also emigrated from Nazi Germany to Hollywood success. Not all those in the film industry threatened by the Nazi regime were able to escape; the actor and director
8698:
2758:
1576:
was initially threatened with a distribution ban because of its satirical elements and supposedly only allowed a release on the say-so of Party General Secretary
1474:(1966) in which, in contrast to the typical American western, the heroes tended to be Native Americans. Many of these genre films were co-productions with other
8615:
1823:
in 1955 brought with it a wave of war films which tended to depict the ordinary German soldiers of World War II as brave and apolitical. The Israeli historian
1326:
Despite the emigration of many film-makers and the political restrictions, the period was not without technical and aesthetic innovations, the introduction of
1270:
in 1937, had to make up for the missing foreign films (above all American productions). Entertainment also became increasingly important in the later years of
6304:
369:, and this is where films were viewed for the most part before the First World War broke out. The first standalone, dedicated cinema in Germany was opened in
8726:
4363:
2713:
The new millennium since 2000 has seen a general resurgence of the German film industry, with a higher output and improved returns at the German box office.
8746:
8731:
8678:
5421:
8716:
5338:
8423:
6755:
593:, it was not surprising that these films focused heavily on crime and horror. The film usually credited with sparking the popularity of expressionism is
8741:
8570:
4614:
3085:
are elected by the members of the Deutsche Filmakademie. With a cash prize of three million euros it is the most highly endowed German cultural award.
861:
or "chamber drama", which was borrowed from the theater and developed by stage director, who would later become a film producer and director himself,
3922:
3524:
204:
4904:
4348:
3686:
1925:(abbreviation for the German term "Kriminalfilm" (or "Kriminalroman"). Other Edgar Wallace adaptations in a similar style were made by the Germans
5290:"Humanity Unleashed: Anti-Bolshevism as Popular Culture in Early Weimar Cinema" in The Many Faces of Weimar Cinema (Edited by Christian Rogowski)
1860:
6273:
6196:
3784:
2184:("The old cinema is dead. We believe in the new cinema"). Other up-and-coming filmmakers allied themselves to this Oberhausen group, among them
1945:
German producers (Schneider 1990:43). However a few German films and film-makers did achieve international recognition at this time, among them
975:, was also shot in two versions – German and English, with a different supporting cast in each version. It is considered to be Germany's first "
7263:
1376:
East German cinema initially profited from the fact that much of the country's film infrastructure, notably the former UFA studios, lay in the
6168:
5986:
1385:
was founded on 17 May 1946, and took control of the film production facilities in the Soviet Zone which had been confiscated by order of the
2777:(1933–1945), the state indirectly promoted the financing of film projects by establishing the Filmkreditbank GmbH (FKB) (Film Credit Bank).
787:
at the time. Later on, in an attempt to reflect the rapidly growing anti-Semitic atmosphere, Oswald confronted the same issue with his film
4697:
2367:
2017:
with the cinema. In 1953 there were only 1,000,000 sets in West Germany; by 1962 there were 7 million (Connor 1990:49) (Hoffman 1990:69).
6796:
6614:
3470:
961:
experimented with the new technology often shot the film in several versions, using several soundtracks in different languages. The film
447:
6226:
5726:
1783:("homeland film"), in which morally simplistic tales of love and family were played out in a rural setting, often in the mountains of
6926:
6091:
4029:
3927:
3461:
1386:
5403:
4933:"Ottomar Anschütz, Kinogeschichte, lebender Bilder, Kino, erste-Kinovorführung, Kinovorführung, Projektion, Kinoe, Bewegungsbilder"
3497:
3451:
2352:
6499:
6496:
6493:
6490:
4879:
4604:
4333:
3616:
2612:
1583:
In the late 1970s, numerous film-makers left the GDR for the West as a result of restrictions on their work, among them director
1547:
However, film-making in the GDR was always constrained and oriented by the political situation in the country at any given time.
1217:. "Non-Aryan" film professionals and those whose politics or personal life were unacceptable to the Nazis were excluded from the
599:
7273:
3034:
Around twenty films compete for the awards called the Golden and Silver Bears. Since 2001 the director of the festival has been
2753:
In 2015, the Deutsche Filmförderungsfond was reduced from 60 million euros to 50 million euros. To compensate, Finance minister
1226:(film observation); journalists could only report on the content of a film, not offer judgement on its artistic or other worth.
8395:
7253:
7030:
2283:
The socially critical films of the New German Cinema strove to delineate themselves from what had gone before and the works of
2075:
were among the regular players. The traditional Krimi films expanded into series based on German pulp fiction heroes such as
6863:
6847:
6842:
6837:
6743:
6729:
6483:
6424:
6369:
6362:
6036:
5297:
5126:
5063:
5033:
5008:
4980:
4955:
4916:
4740:
4378:
2597:
1972:
1401:(GDR) after 1949, formally placing DEFA as the state-owned monopoly for film production in East Germany. A sister "company",
638:
437:
400:
was one of the earliest German stars. Public desire to see popular film stories being continued encouraged the production of
5143:
3812:
7968:
6949:
3560:
2288:
and the more accessible "New German Cinema" of the 1970s. For their influences the new generation of film-makers looked to
6774:
5168:
4338:
1293:
6242:
2788:-based Filmförderungsanstalt (FFA) (Film Funding Agency) was the first major funding institution to be founded in 1968.
7745:
6992:
4839:
4787:
3018:
3010:
2757:
announced that the difference will be made up from the budget of the Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz (
1775:
few pretensions to artistry or active engagement with social issues. The defining genre of the period was arguably the
1366:
1078:
846:. They produced what was to become the first fictional account of the events of January 1919 in Berlin, the so-called "
5446:
3826:
1354:, pioneered techniques of camera movement and editing that have influenced many later films. Both films, particularly
656:. The Expressionist movement began to wane during the mid-1920s, but perhaps the fact that its main creators moved to
8523:
6903:
6898:
6893:
6888:
6883:
6878:
6873:
6868:
6708:
6590:
6583:
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6562:
6555:
6548:
6541:
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6535:
6532:
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5504:
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4024:
2737:
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2725:
2522:
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2143:
1976:
1470:
989:
771:
came to the screen. This film was the first to make the German public aware of the consequences of anti-Semitism and
305:
3770:
3488:
3479:
2451:
nominations for a German film (six). Other notable film-makers who came to prominence in the 1980s include producer
797:", which until today remains one of the most striking examples of miscarriage of justice and blatant anti-Semitism.
8453:
8146:
6944:
6301:
4690:
4574:
3818:
3159:
2627:
2437:
2248:
1448:
1394:
999:
927:
6289:
3457:
Several institutions, both government run and private, provide formal education in various aspects of filmmaking.
6789:
6607:
2906:
1358:, remain highly controversial, as their aesthetic merit is inseparable from their propagandising of Nazi ideals.
883:
6760:
4408:
3714:
1705:
Many of the German films of the immediate post-war period can be characterised as belonging to the genre of the
6964:
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5793:
5346:
5268:
4584:
4579:
4388:
4313:
4195:
2393:
German production companies have been quite commonly involved in expensive French and Italian productions from
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3728:
8772:
6969:
4358:
4290:
3516:
504:
8660:
8473:
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7817:
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6959:
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6466:
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6417:
6414:
6411:
6408:
6404:
6401:
6398:
6395:
6392:
6388:
6385:
6382:
6379:
6376:
5392:
Bordwell, David and Thompson, Kristen. (2003) "Film History An Introduction". New York: McGraw-Hill, p.200.
4569:
4353:
4343:
4323:
3840:
2309:("guest workers"), and modern social developments, were all subjects prominent in New German Cinema films.
1632:
1526:
1434:, which was the first German film released after World War II and created the groundwork for the so-called
726:
193:
became a household synonym for the early 20th century film industry in Europe, similar to Hollywood later.
5757:
1731:
1430:
223:
8721:
8498:
8166:
7890:
4813:
4683:
4466:
3947:
3742:
3546:
2332:
2002:
1873:
1256:
570:
554:
358:
338:
260:
228:
194:
17:
5810:
8767:
8388:
8326:
7935:
7852:
7776:
7023:
6921:
6782:
6600:
4646:
4609:
3672:
3417:
3361:
2632:
1516:
1417:
1398:
909:, in which individuals were shown battling against nature in the mountains. Animators and directors of
871:
689:
660:, allowed this style to remain influential in world cinema for years to come, particularly in American
189:
made major technical and artistic contributions to early film, broadcasting and television technology.
4817:
3005:
2219:
established in 1971, which throughout the 1970s brought forth a number of critically acclaimed films.
8585:
8580:
8311:
8090:
8003:
7577:
6852:
6476:
6270:
6187:
3942:
3798:
3532:
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2320:
1643:
979:" and will always be remembered as the film that made an international superstar of its lead actress
756:
231:, here in 1940, was the site of the first cinema screening ever, with 8 short films presented by the
4865:
3756:
3588:
3447:
1671:, licences to produce films were shared between a range of much smaller companies. In addition, the
1408:
622:(1922), a classic period-piece horror film that remains the first feature-length film adaptation of
5147:
4732:
4564:
4045:
3173:
2236:
2185:
1850:
1753:
1262:
1229:
613:
3854:
3644:
2209:
2013:
films with films shot in those nations or in Yugoslavia that featured German actors in the casts.
1557:
807:, one of the biggest stars in German cinema history, was also a vocal figure in terms of politics.
283:(which allows the film to be advanced intermittently one frame at a time) in a projector, and the
8183:
6066:
4720:
4641:
4444:
4430:
4053:
3658:
3187:
2503:
2366:(1979) (by Schlöndorff alone) respectively, the latter becoming the first German film to win the
1159:
732:
5368:
878:
8260:
7730:
7630:
7602:
7544:
7299:
7192:
6939:
6192:
4440:
4318:
4134:
4118:
4114:
2916:
2901:
2895:
2510:
2215:
1659:
1377:
1117:
711:
657:
644:
491:
5630:
5603:
5573:
5521:
5464:
3700:
3025:, is one of the world's leading film festivals and most reputable media events. It is held in
2134:
8645:
8381:
8321:
8278:
8171:
8116:
8095:
8078:
7993:
7610:
7420:
7405:
7355:
7350:
7146:
7016:
6916:
6355:
6223:
5937:
edited by Ljubica & Mark Erickson, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004 pages 132–133.
5895:
edited by Ljubica & Mark Erickson, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004 pages 134–135.
5837:
5494:
5244:
5236:
4527:
4480:
4373:
4279:
3932:
3917:
3909:
3520:
3061:
2660:
2371:
2357:
1497:
1455:
1210:
704:
5783:
5734:
2549:
2482:) from the 1970s onwards provided a venue for the works of less mainstream film-makers like
2189:
8575:
8555:
8535:
8438:
8136:
8085:
8018:
7998:
7658:
7635:
7625:
7620:
7615:
7415:
7385:
7197:
7131:
6858:
6832:
6804:
6013:
4932:
4328:
4259:
4178:
4097:
3574:
3389:
3285:
3243:
2923:
2702:, a film composer, has become one of the world's most acclaimed producers of movie scores.
2557:
2542:
2483:
2375:
2161:
2113:
2092:
2052:
1869:
1737:
1627:, DEFA had ceased production altogether, and its studios and equipment was sold off by the
1351:
1243:
746:
96:
5192:
5186:
2826:
2272:(Film and Television Accord) was agreed between the Federal Republic's main broadcasters,
1955:
1915:
between 1959 and 1972 are the best-known of those, to the extent that they form their own
8:
8550:
8268:
8246:
8191:
7915:
7720:
7645:
7582:
7562:
7534:
7490:
7335:
7136:
4559:
4398:
4393:
4308:
4300:
4254:
4182:
4068:
3957:
3790:
3692:
3650:
3145:
3078:
2622:
2387:
2362:
2338:
2177:
2072:
1986:
1878:
1608:
1487:
1390:
1346:
1336:
1309:
1299:
1238:
1063:
968:
847:
824:
788:
486:
198:
5976:
edited by Ljubica & Mark Erickson, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004 page 139.
5972:
Bartov, Omer "Celluloid Soldiers: Cinematic Images of the Wehrmacht" pages 130–143 from
5963:
edited by Ljubica & Mark Erickson, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004 page 135.
5959:
Bartov, Omer "Celluloid Soldiers: Cinematic Images of the Wehrmacht" pages 130–143 from
5946:
Bartov, Omer "Celluloid Soldiers: Cinematic Images of the Wehrmacht" pages 130–143 from
5933:
Bartov, Omer "Celluloid Soldiers: Cinematic Images of the Wehrmacht" pages 130–143 from
5924:
edited by Ljubica & Mark Erickson, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004 page 138.
5920:
Bartov, Omer "Celluloid Soldiers: Cinematic Images of the Wehrmacht" pages 130–143 from
5911:
edited by Ljubica & Mark Erickson, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004 page 137.
5907:
Bartov, Omer "Celluloid Soldiers: Cinematic Images of the Wehrmacht" pages 130–143 from
5891:
Bartov, Omer "Celluloid Soldiers: Cinematic Images of the Wehrmacht" pages 130–143 from
5882:
edited by Ljubica & Mark Erickson, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004 page 136.
5878:
Bartov, Omer "Celluloid Soldiers: Cinematic Images of the Wehrmacht" pages 130–143 from
1588:
1304:
337:
was the first large-scale film studio in the world (founded 1912) and the forerunner to
267:
240:
239:
The history of cinema in Germany can be traced back to the years of the medium's birth.
8630:
8625:
8600:
8458:
8236:
8221:
8211:
8025:
8008:
7940:
7859:
7812:
7587:
7572:
7557:
7522:
7377:
7362:
7289:
7248:
7171:
7156:
7121:
7111:
6987:
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6211:
5950:
edited by Ljubica & Mark Erickson, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004 page 133
4628:
4403:
4269:
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4190:
4154:
4019:
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3333:
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2394:
2326:
2289:
2220:
2129:
2006:
1716:
1712:
1672:
1596:
1439:
1382:
1260:(1940)—which was a box-office flop—and the more sophisticated but equally anti-semitic
1059:
1032:
In addition to developments in the industry itself, the Weimar period saw the birth of
888:
833:
699:
612:
became trademarks of this cinematic movement. Other notable works of Expressionism are
468:
6651:
Triumph of the Ordinary: Depictions of Daily Life in the East German Cinema, 1949–1989
2630:, have arguably managed to recapture a provocative and innovative nature. Movies like
2475:
2464:
2020:
The majority of films produced in the Federal Republic in the 1960s were genre works:
1277:
8655:
8605:
8565:
8518:
8513:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8463:
8448:
8443:
8433:
8428:
8418:
8241:
8230:
8216:
8196:
8156:
8063:
8058:
8040:
7973:
7963:
7905:
7900:
7895:
7885:
7880:
7864:
7837:
7827:
7822:
7807:
7710:
7673:
7663:
7653:
7592:
7322:
7294:
7222:
7217:
7207:
7141:
7116:
7095:
7090:
7075:
6982:
6739:
6725:
6704:
6689:
6258:
6032:
5843:
5816:
5789:
5636:
5609:
5579:
5527:
5500:
5470:
5293:
5248:
5196:
5122:
5059:
5029:
5004:
4976:
4951:
4912:
4736:
4493:
4110:
4078:
3962:
3706:
3678:
3117:
2765:
2691:
2577:
2565:
2432:
2273:
2252:
2197:
2154:
1934:
1795:
1748:
1736:(1946), the first film made in post-war Germany (produced in the soviet sector), and
1721:
1362:
1015:
957:
910:
892:
694:
520:
451:
425:
389:
330:
190:
70:
4761:
2644:
2379:
1548:
925:, were also very active in Germany in the 1920s. Ruttman's experimental documentary
8683:
8650:
8640:
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8610:
8595:
8590:
8540:
8508:
8493:
8468:
8404:
8201:
8161:
8129:
8124:
8068:
8013:
7988:
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7925:
7920:
7910:
7842:
7832:
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7705:
7700:
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7668:
7480:
7465:
7390:
7367:
7243:
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7161:
7060:
4551:
4537:
4522:
4514:
4504:
4461:
4383:
4264:
4239:
4073:
4063:
3982:
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3664:
3566:
3305:
3257:
3229:
2703:
2652:
2537:
2299:
2205:
1814:
1726:
1568:
1535:
1331:
1233:
1195:
1127:
1051:
980:
918:
804:
578:
527:
480:
455:
420:
248:
243:
held the first showing of life sized pictures in motion on 25 November 1894 at the
232:
2800:
Film funding in Germany is provided, among others, by the following institutions:
2343:
1481:
Notable non-genre films produced by DEFA include Wolfgang Staudte's adaptation of
1461:
1297:(1941), a comic musical which was one of the earliest German films in colour, and
1042:
279:
and Max Gliewe, two of several individuals who independently in 1896 first used a
8635:
8560:
8530:
8283:
8206:
8151:
8030:
7983:
7945:
7750:
7735:
7725:
7552:
7517:
7495:
7450:
7435:
7430:
7410:
7400:
7395:
7345:
7340:
7330:
7268:
7212:
7202:
7187:
7151:
7126:
7085:
7080:
7050:
6769:
6308:
6277:
6230:
6200:
6175:
5450:
4651:
4636:
4274:
4249:
4202:
4129:
4124:
4105:
3937:
3776:
3748:
3347:
3035:
2687:
2637:
2592:
2573:
2495:
2452:
2443:
2294:
2165:
2100:
2044:
2021:
1900:
1694:
1668:
1592:
1341:
1267:
1201:
1189:
1176:
1122:
1067:
1011:
922:
858:
649:
393:
381:(the latter originally from Denmark) were the first major film stars in Germany.
302:
299:
284:
252:
8356:
5550:
5496:
Re-Imagining DEFA: East German Cinema in its National and Transnational Contexts
3636:
2456:
2411:
2347:
1584:
325:
8316:
8306:
8273:
8226:
8141:
8035:
7715:
7683:
7678:
7567:
7485:
7475:
7460:
7445:
7313:
7258:
7227:
5991:
5273:
4671:
4456:
4422:
4229:
4221:
3895:
3804:
3552:
3319:
3271:
2888:
2754:
2676:
2664:
2602:
2514:
2448:
2314:
2173:
1965:
1961:
1950:
1946:
1892:
1764:
1711:(literally "rubble film"). These films show strong affinities with the work of
1577:
1521:
1319:
1171:
1139:
1092:
1037:
1033:
994:
963:
914:
843:
828:
812:
794:
780:
751:
720:
684:
673:
586:
271:
205:
German movies and German artists earned 230 Oscar nominations and 54 Oscar wins
6320:
5682:
5313:
1707:
1453:(1973), but it also attempted other genre works: science-fiction, for example
1435:
1095:
in 1926. Some 1,500 directors, producers, actors and other film professionals
820:
8761:
7693:
7505:
7470:
6997:
5704:
5422:"Eighty years since Riefenstahl's Olympia - a piece of sporting film history"
5217:
4488:
4234:
4207:
4159:
3860:
3720:
3538:
2952:
2948:
2680:
2668:
2648:
2471:
2284:
2193:
2121:
2105:
2048:
1926:
1904:
1616:
1482:
1422:
1402:
1283:
1165:
1005:
953:
940:
900:
862:
763:
574:
549:
539:
516:
354:
319:
276:
182:
101:
6822:
6347:
6014:"Information on the Filmförderungsanstalt (FFA) – German Federal Film Board"
3215:
815:
were also reflected in some of its films. A series of patriotic films about
384:
Prior to 1914, however, many foreign films were imported. In the era of the
8361:
7500:
7455:
7440:
7425:
7039:
6765:
6724:(German/English). Bebra-Verlag (publishing house), Berlin 2021, 240 pages,
6121:
5443:
4083:
3967:
3846:
3594:
3580:
2884:
2878:
2781:
2774:
2582:
2569:
2491:
2428:
2383:
2305:
2226:
It Is Not the Homosexual Who Is Perverse, But the Society in Which He Lives
2125:
2082:
2077:
2064:
2060:
2029:
1990:
1941:
1830:
1676:
1663:
1612:
1604:
1600:
1531:
1511:
1503:
1288:
1271:
1251:
1151:
1147:
1104:
972:
906:
905:
also became popular. Most known in this category are the films by director
837:(1920). The film was an adaptation of a novel by the same name, written by
741:
669:
661:
633:
604:
594:
559:
512:
405:
397:
378:
374:
311:
287:
280:
91:
5218:"Going Into the Night – New Look at Early German Cinema by Ofer Ashkenazi"
2815:
Kuratorium junger deutscher Film (Board of Trustees for Young German Film)
2239:, one of the major figures and catalysts of the New German Cinema movement
1561:, 1954), and although East German filmmaking moved away from this overtly
944:
from 1931, an indispensable influence on modern crime and thriller fiction
569:
One of the main film genres associated with the Weimar Republic cinema is
8347:
8301:
7510:
5104:
The New Encyclopædia Britannica, Macropedia – Volume 24 – Motion Pictures
4164:
3881:
3762:
3734:
3608:
3483:
3431:
3375:
3050:
3030:
2844:
2699:
2201:
2169:
2096:
2087:
2056:
1930:
1912:
1824:
1688:
1552:
1507:
1492:
1475:
1412:
1314:
1155:
1143:
1131:
1108:
1025:
768:
715:
590:
476:
416:
401:
385:
373:
in 1906, and by 1910, there were over 1000 cinemas operating in Germany.
345:
Early film theorists in Germany began to write about the significance of
315:
244:
60:
declared it as a film that set the template for the genre of horror film.
47:
43:
6736:
Theaters of Occupation: Hollywood and the Reeducation of Postwar Germany
2247:(Young German Film Committee) in 1965, set up under the auspices of the
1551:, the communist leader in the Weimar period, was the subject of several
956:
system and tried to introduce it to the industry between 1922 and 1926.
6254:
5656:
4724:
4435:
3043:
2617:
2607:
2587:
2040:
1916:
1908:
1887:
1855:
1819:
1778:
1768:
1540:
1443:
1112:
1096:
984:
866:
772:
653:
629:
496:
409:
263:
57:
2478:
came to prominence in the 1980s. The development of arthouse cinemas (
2423:
Among the commercial successes for German films of the 1980s were the
2099:. West Germany also made several horror films including ones starring
1760:
800:
779:" which is carried out against the Jewish inhabitants of a village in
7527:
6144:
3131:
2987:
2983:
2970:
2656:
2487:
2068:
1804:
1698:
1624:
1562:
1327:
1020:
950:
851:
838:
665:
618:
563:
464:
52:
2556:
returned to being the capital of the German film industry since the
2532:
934:
8373:
6700:
From Caligari to Hitler: A Psychological History of the German Film
3622:
3156:
2936:
2929:
2695:
2672:
2460:
2036:
2025:
1800:
1742:
1628:
1180:
608:
370:
4000:
1886:) of 1954, a Luftwaffe general named Harras loosely modeled after
1213:, and all those employed in the industry had to be members of the
938:
Fritz Lang, director of important German expressionist films like
710:
As the genre of expressionism began to diminish, the genre of the
6722:
100 Facts about Babelsberg – Cradle of Film and modern Media City
4058:
3504:
3492:
3474:
2857:
2833:
2259:(The Little TV Play) or the television films of the crime series
2010:
1784:
1675:
of 1949, which granted partial independence to the newly created
1393:
on paper, the majority interest in DEFA was actually held by the
1135:
816:
624:
535:
294:
films were shown were known in Germany somewhat disparagingly as
256:
1103:
came to power. Among them were such key figures as the producer
891:, the oldest surviving animated feature film and first use of a
697:
through the eyes of the King of France's mistress, and the film
7008:
6684:
Kapczynski, Jennifer M. and Michael D. Richardson, eds. (2012)
6067:"Top Netflix Films & TV Shows: Where are they coming from?"
5987:"Germany's most famous gay rights activist: Rosa von Praunheim"
5523:
The Berlin 1945 Battlefield Guide: Part 2: The Battle of Berlin
5269:"5 things we can learn from Marlene Dietrich – DW – 05/05/2022"
5106:. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. 2010. pp. 376–378.
3465:
3065:
3026:
2942:
2851:
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to support new German films financially, the directors of this
2232:
2223:, who formed the German lesbian and gay movement with his film
2033:
1921:
1808:
1799:. Other film genres typical of this period were adaptations of
1465:
1130:
films of the 1930s were directed by German emigrees, including
976:
776:
531:
500:
334:
5239:. In Bergfelder, Tim; Carter, Erica; Goektuerk, Deniz (eds.).
1019:(1932). Brecht was also one of the creators of the explicitly
5874:
5872:
5870:
5868:
4840:"Table 1: Feature Film Production – Genre/Method of Shooting"
2871:
2866:
2812:
Filmförderungsanstalt (FFA) (Film Funding Agency), since 1968
784:
582:
5169:"How the Cabinet of Dr Caligari changed cinema - the Skinny"
1702:
distribution as the German industry in the same time frame.
1611:. Many had been signatories of a 1976 petition opposing the
1250:
With the German film industry now effectively an arm of the
361:
films that were produced shortly after the First World War.
6145:"Allianz Deutscher Produzenten – Film & Fernsehen e.V."
5191:. New York, NY: Routledge – Taylor & Francis. pp.
3049:
Further information on the Berlin short film festival:
2994:
1680:
1100:
793:(1930), which portrayed the 1894 political scandal of the "
350:
5865:
5839:
Rereading East Germany: The Literature and Film of the GDR
2415:
Bernd Eichinger "star" at the Boulevard of Stars in Berlin
1619:
and had had their ability to work restricted as a result.
983:. Other notable early sound films, all from 1931, include
38:
6766:
Articles and news on German filmmakers, movies, festivals
2277:
1520:(1975), the only East German film to be nominated for an
1115:. Lang's exodus to America is legendary; it is said that
857:
Another important film genre of the Weimar years was the
472:
2759:
Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action
1421:(1975), the only East German film ever nominated for an
1150:
and the Austrian-born screenwriter (and later director)
577:
movement in art. Expressionist movies relied heavily on
349:, or "visual pleasure", for the audience, including the
318:, photographed by Guido Seeber and starring actors from
185:
in Germany can be traced back to the late 19th century.
6761:
Biographies and autographs of the early German film era
5144:"Adolf Hitler and the Origins of the Berlin-Tokyo Axis"
3240:
2164:
on 28 February 1962. This call to arms, which included
642:(1920), a Gothic retelling of the Jewish folktale, and
2643:
Notable directors working in German currently include
1205:
all film production in Germany was subordinate to the
251:
and his brother Emil demonstrated their self-invented
195:
Early German and German-speaking filmmakers and actors
5292:. Rochester, New York: Camden House. pp. 48–66.
5058:. Rochester, New York: Camden House. pp. Xi-12.
3400:
2698:
built successful careers as directors and producers.
1107:, the studio head of Ufa, stars Marlene Dietrich and
1036:
as a serious discipline whose practitioners included
6271:
Speed Interview with Dieter Kosslick Berlinale Chief
4994:
4992:
3871:
1658:
The occupation and reconstruction of Germany by the
5727:"PROGRESS Film-Verleih -Die Söhne der großen Bärin"
4866:"How German emigres defined Hollywood's golden age"
589:
to tell their stories. Given the grim mood in post-
341:. It still produces global blockbusters every year.
4364:Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses in Nazi Germany
3344:
2564:Today's biggest German production studios include
5628:
4989:
4842:. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from
4816:. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from
4790:. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from
3923:List of German Academy Award winners and nominees
3525:List of German Academy Award winners and nominees
3316:
3268:
2182:"Der alte Film ist tot. Wir glauben an den neuen"
2109:in a series of several films of the early 1960s.
2103:. The two genres were combined in the return of
1029:(1932), which was banned soon after its release.
8759:
5657:"DEFA Film Library - The Murderers Are among Us"
5545:
5543:
2935:Gesellschaft zur Förderung des Medienstandortes
2427:film series beginning in 1985 starring comedian
2406:
850:". This film is also considered one of the anti-
5601:
5492:
5466:Titanic: Nazi Germany's Version of the Disaster
5404:"Olympia | All-TIME 25 Best Sports Movies"
4911:. London: British Film Institute. p. 207.
4806:
2513:and the arrival of private TV channels such as
2024:, especially the series of movies adapted from
1845:defeat to once more exploit the German people.
1236:was a major director in Nazi Germany. Her film
668:and in the works of European directors such as
5903:
5901:
5597:
5595:
4814:"Table 6: Share of Top 3 distributors (Excel)"
4719:
3428:
3372:
2447:(1981), which still holds the record for most
2180:among its signatories, provocatively declared
2148:
1209:, which was directly responsible to Goebbel's
931:(1927) epitomised the energy of 1920s Berlin.
683:The "master" of period-dramas was undoubtedly
365:customers. The storefront cinema was called a
8389:
7024:
6790:
6656:Garncarz, Joseph, and Annemone Ligensa, eds.
6608:
5979:
5781:
5632:Historical Dictionary of Contemporary Germany
5605:European Visions: Small Cinemas in Transition
5575:Border Crossing: Russian Literature into Film
5540:
4832:
4691:
3212:
2350:provided source material for the adaptations
1981:
3128:
2795:
2368:Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film
1788:
1776:
1291:, wartime romance and patriotic propaganda,
1246:had a major impact on modern sports coverage
687:. His most notable films of this genre were
442:
433:industry soon became the largest in Europe.
419:and the subsequent boycott of, for example,
5898:
5629:Lewis, Derek; Zitzlsperger, Ulrike (2016).
5602:Blankenship, Janelle; Nagl, Tobias (2015).
5592:
5578:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 257.
5493:Allan, Séan; Heiduschke, Sebastian (2016).
5453:Spitzenorganisation der Filmwirtschaft e. V
4788:"Table 8: Cinema Infrastructure – Capacity"
4369:Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
2686:Internationally, German filmmakers such as
2441:(1984), and the internationally successful
2268:This situation changed after 1974 when the
1662:in the period immediately after the end of
1653:
1397:(SED) which became the ruling party of the
1287:(1941), which both combine elements of the
542:" were popular in Germany during this era.
8396:
8382:
7031:
7017:
6797:
6783:
6615:
6601:
5842:. Cambridge University Press. p. 81.
4780:
4698:
4684:
218:
37:
6738:. Minneapolis: Univ. of Minnesota Press.
6672:East German Cinema: DEFA and Film History
6302:Kosslick zieht positive Berlinale-Bilanz
6029:New German Cinema: Images of a Generation
5808:
5635:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 174.
5519:
5116:
5023:
4998:
4970:
4945:
4030:List of German inventions and discoveries
3928:List of highest-grossing films in Germany
3462:Deutsche Film- und Fernsehakademie Berlin
2883:Nordmedia – Film- und Mediengesellschaft
2545:, filming on location in Shanghai harbour
1807:, comedies and musicals. Many films were
1648:
1387:Soviet Military Administration in Germany
1371:
1083:
607:. The film tells the story of a demented
6688:(Rochester Camden House, 2012) 673 pp.
5488:
5486:
5444:Kinobesuche in Deutschland 1925 bis 2004
5053:
4903:
3498:University of Television and Film Munich
3452:University of Television and Film Munich
3446:
3004:
2548:
2531:
2410:
2231:
1985:
1787:, Austria or Switzerland. In their day
1759:
1407:
1228:
1164:
933:
877:
799:
548:
485:
446:
324:
222:
6703:. Princeton: Univ. of Princeton Press.
6280:, filmfestivalstv.com, 18 February 2008
5462:
5439:
5437:
5435:
5433:
5431:
5401:
5287:
5215:
5184:
3184:
2116:sex films, both the relatively serious
2005:with Italy and Spain in such genres as
1615:of socially critical singer-songwriter
1544:(1980), again the work of Konrad Wolf.
14:
8760:
5835:
5755:
5469:. BoD – Books on Demand. p. 127.
5402:Corliss, Richard (22 September 2011).
5141:
4768:(in German). FFA Filmförderungsanstalt
3471:Hochschule für bildende Künste Hamburg
3055:
2527:
2229:(1971), also plays an important role.
2028:'s popular genre novels which starred
1940:The international significance of the
526:Films about an exaggerated version of
388:there were no language boundaries and
8377:
7012:
6778:
6026:
5663:. University of Massachusetts Amherst
5571:
5483:
5180:
5178:
5098:
5096:
5094:
5049:
5047:
5045:
4756:
4754:
4752:
4729:The Definitive Guide to Horror Movies
4349:Catholic Diocese of the Old Catholics
2951:through the Kunststiftung des Landes
2051:and crime films, notably a series of
1719:'s neorealist trilogy which included
898:Nature films, a genre referred to as
639:The Golem: How He Came Into the World
8403:
5782:Allan, Seán; Sandford, John (1999).
5428:
5234:
2947:Kulturelle Filmförderung des Landes
987:adaptation to Alfred Döblin's novel
6768:, Web portal on German film of the
6031:. Wallflower Press. pp. 45–6.
6006:
5785:DEFA: East German Cinema, 1946–1992
5237:"Queer Traditions in German Cinema"
5216:Shapira, Avner (20 December 2010).
2706:became a renowned cinematographer.
1294:Frauen sind doch bessere Diplomaten
24:
6331:
6243:Facts and Figures of the Berlinale
6117:"Gabriel puscht die Filmindustrie"
6092:"Marktanteil deutscher Filme 2023"
5756:Bergan, Ronald (10 October 2006).
5608:. transcript Verlag. p. 397.
5499:. Berghahn Books. pp. 86–87.
5243:. British Film Institute. p.
5175:
5091:
5042:
4897:
4749:
3019:Berlin International Film Festival
3011:Berlin International Film Festival
2397:to French comic book adaptations.
1896:in murdering Soviet Jews in 1941.
1866:Dogs, do you want to live forever?
1183:style movie theater opened in 1928
479:industrialist and newspaper owner
109:Produced feature films (2011)
25:
8784:
6749:
6644:A Critical History of German Film
6292:, berlinale.de, 18. February 2008
5812:A critical history of German film
5142:Dawsey, Jason (3 November 2021).
5119:A Critical History of German Film
5026:A Critical History of German Film
5001:A Critical History of German Film
4973:A Critical History of German Film
4948:A Critical History of German Film
3489:International Film School Cologne
2825:MFG Medien- und Filmgesellschaft
2738:List of German films of the 2020s
2734:List of German films of the 2010s
2730:List of German films of the 2000s
2726:List of German films of the 1990s
2523:List of German films of the 1980s
2509:From the mid-1980s the spread of
2402:List of German films of the 1970s
2353:The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum
2144:List of German films of the 1960s
1977:List of German films of the 1950s
1973:List of German films of 1945–1949
1471:The Sons of the Great Mother Bear
967:(1930), directed by the Austrian
475:, before being taken over by the
438:List of German films of 1895–1918
8355:
8341:
7038:
6821:
6806:
6346:
6212:China film wins top Berlin award
5974:Russia War, Peace and Diplomacy
5961:Russia War, Peace and Diplomacy
5948:Russia War, Peace and Diplomacy
5935:Russia War, Peace and Diplomacy
5922:Russia War, Peace and Diplomacy
5909:Russia War, Peace and Diplomacy
5893:Russia War, Peace and Diplomacy
5880:Russia War, Peace and Diplomacy
5683:"Three Hazelnuts for Cinderella"
5188:Cinema Studies: The Key Concepts
4665:
3999:
3902:
3888:
3874:
3853:
3839:
3825:
3819:Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck
3811:
3797:
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3531:
3510:
3160:Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck
2628:Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck
2249:Federal Ministry of the Interior
2245:Kuratorium Junger Deutscher Film
1899:Even though there are countless
1868:) of 1959, which deals with the
1451:(Three Hazelnuts for Cinderella)
1449:Drei Haselnüsse für Aschenbrödel
1395:Socialist Unity Party of Germany
928:Berlin: Symphony of a Metropolis
499:, first film to be inscribed on
310:(1913) which was co-directed by
138:Number of admissions (2017)
6314:
6295:
6283:
6264:
6248:
6236:
6217:
6205:
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5526:. Fonthill Media. p. 219.
5513:
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5056:The Many Faces of Weimar Cinema
5017:
4964:
4939:
3442:
3077:Since 2005, the winners of the
2742:
2640:achieved some popular success.
1911:produced by the German company
884:The Adventures of Prince Achmed
767:(1919) by Jewish film producer
247:in Berlin. On 1 November 1895,
6686:A New History of German Cinema
6679:Am Ende Video – Video am Ende?
6224:Most frequented film festivals
5862:Schneider 1990:35, 42 & 44
4925:
4872:
4858:
4713:
4389:History of the Jews in Germany
3480:Film Academy Baden-Württemberg
2651:(winner of an Academy Award),
2470:Away from the mainstream, the
2243:Despite the foundation of the
1686:Amidst the devastation of the
1635:were handed to the charitable
1367:List of German films 1933–1945
1079:List of German films 1919–1933
811:The polarised politics of the
412:began his illustrious career.
408:, which is where the director
66:
13:
1:
6628:Bergfelder, Tim, et al. eds.
6125:(in German). 11 December 2014
5815:. Camden House. p. 266.
5788:. Berghahn Books. p. 9.
3973:
3517:List of German film directors
2407:1980–1989 popular productions
1340:(1935), documenting the 1934
1158:, for example, perished in a
404:, especially in the genre of
6290:2009 Berlinale Press release
5121:. Camden House. p. 24.
5054:Rogowski, Christian (2010).
5028:. Camden House. p. 19.
5003:. Camden House. p. 18.
4975:. Camden House. p. 16.
4950:. Camden House. p. 13.
3503:Filmuniversität Babelsberg,
2912:MV Filmförderung, since 2020
2675:as well as comedy directors
2003:international co-productions
1861:Hunde, wollt ihr ewig leben?
1811:of earlier Ufa productions.
1734:(The Murderers are among us)
1633:intellectual property rights
1574:The Legend of Paul and Paula
1527:The Legend of Paul and Paula
1303:(1942), the adaptation of a
703:(1920) on the tragic end of
505:Memory of the World Register
167:Gross box office (2017)
7:
6859:(West) Germany 1945–present
6637:Symbiosis or Confrontation?
6323:, YouTube, 19 February 2008
5809:Brockmann, Stephen (2010).
5733:(in German). Archived from
5117:Brockmann, Stephen (2010).
5079:"Restrict German Imports".
5024:Brockmann, Stephen (2010).
4999:Brockmann, Stephen (2010).
4971:Brockmann, Stephen (2010).
4946:Brockmann, Stephen (2010).
4334:Evangelical-Lutheran Church
3948:List of films set in Berlin
3867:
3424:Der Staat gegen Fritz Bauer
3000:
2909:Medienförderung, since 1998
2819:
2356:(1975) (by Schlöndorff and
2333:The Marriage of Maria Braun
2149:1960–1980 New German Cinema
2043:as his white blood brother
1933:, and the British producer
1677:Federal Republic of Germany
1460:(1960), an adaptation of a
869:and films such as Murnau's
693:(1919) which portrayed the
600:The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
555:The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
229:Berlin Wintergarten theatre
10:
8789:
6169:GERMAN MOTION PICTURE FUND
5553:(in German). DEFA-Stiftung
4359:Oriental Orthodox Churches
3514:
3418:The People vs. Fritz Bauer
3048:
2803:
2723:
2633:The Baader Meinhof Complex
2520:
2399:
2152:
2141:
1982:1960–1970 cinema in crisis
1970:
1960:(1959), and the actresses
1697:remained popular, as were
1641:
1431:The Murderers are Among Us
1399:German Democratic Republic
1360:
1076:
573:which was inspired by the
467:with the American studios
435:
213:
8707:
8669:
8411:
8335:
8292:
8259:
8182:
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7068:
7059:
7046:
6978:
6935:
6912:
6828:
6819:
6715:Film, Fernsehen & Co.
6276:29 September 2018 at the
6188:2010 Berlin Film Festival
5572:Burry, Alexander (2016).
5520:McCormack, David (2019).
5288:Stiasny, Philipp (2010).
4354:Eastern Orthodox Churches
3943:German underground horror
3105:
3100:
3095:
3072:
3013:, also known as Berlinale
2969:Kulturelle Filmförderung
2963:Kulturelle Filmförderung
2894:Film- und Medienstiftung
2796:Film funding institutions
2321:Aguirre, the Wrath of God
1747:(1949), an adaptation of
1732:Die Mörder sind unter uns
1644:List of East German films
1502:(1964), an adaptation of
757:Different from the Others
443:1918–1933 Weimar Republic
171:
166:
158:
150:
142:
137:
129:
121:
113:
108:
87:
79:
65:
36:
31:
7254:Central African Republic
6853:East Germany (1945–1990)
6843:Weimar Germany 1919–1932
6370:1919–1932 Weimar Germany
6321:Madonna at the Berlinale
6307:17 February 2012 at the
5148:The National WWII Museum
5087:(21): 3027. 14 May 1921.
3090:
2993:Förderverein Filmkultur
2792:their production costs.
2580:. Film releases such as
2237:Rainer Werner Fassbinder
2186:Rainer Werner Fassbinder
2112:At the end of the 1960s
1851:The Doctor of Stalingrad
1817:and the founding of the
1654:1945–1960 Reconstruction
1623:remained. Following the
1381:film production company
1350:(1938), documenting the
614:Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau
6922:East German films (A–Z)
6838:German Empire 1895–1918
6713:Schneider, Irmela 1990
6670:Heiduschke, Sebastian.
6363:1895–1918 German Empire
6311:(German), PR-inside.com
6229:18 January 2012 at the
5758:"Obituary: Frank Beyer"
5463:Fiebing, Malte (2012).
5449:4 February 2012 at the
5185:Hayward, Susan (2000).
3312:Halt auf freier Strecke
3064:was founded in 2003 in
2511:videocassette recorders
2504:Christoph Schlingensief
2257:Das kleine Fernsehspiel
1767:, an early star of the
1099:in the years after the
733:The Loves of Jeanne Ney
562:, a major influence on
219:1895–1918 German Empire
197:heavily contributed to
151: • Per capita
80: • Per capita
56:. Critic and historian
8454:Bosnia and Herzegovina
7969:Bosnia and Herzegovina
6848:Nazi Germany 1933–1945
6665:German National Cinema
6630:The German Cinema Book
6477:1945–1990 East Germany
6425:1933–1945 Nazi Germany
6199:31 August 2010 at the
6193:The Hollywood Reporter
6027:Julia, Knight (2004).
5836:Leeder, Karen (2016).
5339:"The long shadow of M"
5241:The German Cinema Book
4880:"Germans in Hollywood"
4319:Protestant Reformation
4025:Science and Technology
3454:
3029:, Germany. Founded in
3014:
2917:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
2561:
2546:
2416:
2312:Films such as Kluge's
2240:
2216:Filmverlag der Autoren
1993:
1907:novels worldwide, the
1789:
1777:
1771:
1649:1945–1989 West Germany
1425:
1378:Soviet occupation zone
1372:1945–1989 East Germany
1247:
1184:
1084:1933–1945 Nazi Germany
945:
895:
808:
718:in his films such as:
566:
507:
459:
342:
236:
83:6.2 per 100,000 (2011)
7274:São Tomé and Príncipe
6734:Fay, Jennifer. 2008.
6658:The Cinema of Germany
6356:Lists of German films
5235:Kiss, Robert (2002).
4280:List of German dishes
3933:European Film Academy
3918:Lists of German films
3910:European Union portal
3521:List of German actors
3450:
3208:Auf der anderen Seite
3152:Das Leben der Anderen
3062:Deutsche Filmakademie
3008:
2877:Film- und Medienbüro
2661:Hans-Christian Schmid
2552:
2535:
2438:The NeverEnding Story
2414:
2372:Margarethe von Trotta
2358:Margarethe von Trotta
2336:(1979), and Wenders'
2324:(1972), Fassbinder's
2270:Film-Fernseh-Abkommen
2235:
2210:Hans-Jürgen Syberberg
2153:Further information:
1989:
1763:
1456:Der schweigende Stern
1411:
1232:
1215:Reichsfachschaft Film
1168:
1121:so greatly impressed
990:Berlin Alexanderplatz
937:
881:
803:
658:Hollywood, California
625:Bram Stoker's Dracula
552:
489:
450:
328:
307:The Student of Prague
233:Skladanowsky brothers
226:
8773:German film industry
7746:United Arab Emirates
6720:Stielke, Sebastian.
6667:(2002; 2nd ed. 2008)
6484:1945–1949 Occupation
6174:8 March 2016 at the
5731:www.progress-film.de
5369:"A Peerless Classic"
4605:World Heritage Sites
4329:New Apostolic Church
4260:Ore Mountain cuisine
3286:Vincent Wants to Sea
3244:Florian Gallenberger
3081:, also known as the
2932:Filmbüro, until 1998
2558:German reunification
2543:Florian Gallenberger
2541:(2009), directed by
2484:Herbert Achternbusch
2376:Helma Sanders-Brahms
2315:Abschied von Gestern
2162:Oberhausen Manifesto
2053:Edgar Wallace movies
1874:resistance to Hitler
1870:Battle of Stalingrad
1738:Wolfgang Liebeneiner
1693:period the films of
1555:films in the 1950s (
1530:(1973), directed by
1446:adaptations such as
1352:1936 Summer Olympics
1244:1936 Summer Olympics
1242:from 1938 about the
1187:Within weeks of the
1056:Der Sichtbare Mensch
1000:The Threepenny Opera
887:(1926), directed by
747:Diary of a Lost Girl
648:(1927), a legendary
603:(1920), produced by
571:German Expressionism
558:(1920), directed by
495:(1927), directed by
8670:States with limited
8295:& transnational
6756:German Film History
6695:Kracauer, Siegfried
6653:(chapel Hill, 2002)
6649:Feinstein, Joshua.
6642:Brockman, Stephen.
6233:, filmfestivals.com
6178:(PDF), 8 March 2016
5737:on 14 November 2011
5707:. DEFA Film Library
5685:. DEFA Film Library
5081:Motion Picture News
4846:on 26 December 2018
4820:on 24 December 2018
4794:on 24 December 2018
4314:Freedom of Religion
4255:Lower Saxon cuisine
3958:Cinema of the world
3791:Oliver Hirschbiegel
3693:Volker Schloendorff
3651:Armin Mueller-Stahl
3146:The Lives of Others
3079:Deutscher Filmpreis
3056:German Film Academy
2902:Nordrhein-Westfalen
2856:MOIN Filmförderung
2623:The Lives of Others
2528:1990–Modern Germany
2388:Cristina Perincioli
2178:Franz-Josef Spieker
2137:(Schoolgirl Report)
2135:Schulmädchen-Report
2073:Joachim Fuchsberger
1884:The Devil's General
1879:Des Teufels General
1754:Draußen vor der Tür
1713:Italian neorealists
1609:Armin Mueller-Stahl
1498:Der geteilte Himmel
1391:joint-stock company
1389:in October 1945. A
1356:Triumph of the Will
1337:Triumph of the Will
1211:Propaganda ministry
1064:Frankfurter Zeitung
969:Josef von Sternberg
854:films of that era.
848:Spartacist Uprising
825:Frederick the Great
716:Georg Wilhelm Pabst
235:on 1 November 1895.
8147:Dominican Republic
6988:DEFA (film studio)
6677:Hoffman, Kay 1990
6261:, 18 February 2008
6148:Produzentenallianz
5349:on 27 January 2021
4672:Germany portal
4270:Pomeranian cuisine
4191:Germanic mythology
4020:History of Germany
3992:Culture of Germany
3833:Michael Fassbender
3455:
3404:Sebastian Schipper
3334:A Coffee in Berlin
3202:The Edge of Heaven
3015:
2965:Schleswig-Holstein
2959:Schleswig-Holstein
2861:Schleswig-Holstein
2775:National Socialism
2562:
2547:
2500:Rosa von Praunheim
2417:
2395:Spaghetti Westerns
2327:Fear Eats the Soul
2290:Italian neorealism
2241:
2221:Rosa von Praunheim
2190:Volker Schlöndorff
2130:exploitation films
2007:spaghetti westerns
1994:
1772:
1717:Roberto Rossellini
1673:Occupation Statute
1597:Katharina Thalbach
1426:
1248:
1185:
1160:concentration camp
1060:Siegfried Kracauer
946:
911:experimental films
896:
889:Charlotte Reiniger
834:Humanity Unleashed
819:history, starring
809:
775:. It portrayed a "
585:rather than stark
567:
508:
460:
343:
237:
175:€1.06 billion
162:28,300,000 (23.1%)
8768:Cinema of Germany
8755:
8754:
8405:Cinema of Europe
8371:
8370:
8255:
8254:
8104:
8103:
7787:
7786:
7308:
7307:
7006:
7005:
6983:Babelsberg Studio
6813:Cinema of Germany
6744:978-0-8166-4745-3
6730:978-3-86124-746-3
6625:
6624:
6340:Cinema of Germany
6038:978-1-903364-28-4
5705:"The Silent Star"
5299:978-1-57113-532-2
5128:978-1-57113-468-4
5065:978-1-57113-532-2
5035:978-1-57113-468-4
5010:978-1-57113-468-4
4982:978-1-57113-468-4
4957:978-1-57113-468-4
4918:978-1-84457-192-5
4868:. 12 August 2022.
4742:978-1-78739-139-0
4708:
4707:
4448:
4344:Roman Catholicism
4324:Protestant Church
3963:History of cinema
3707:Wolfgang Petersen
3679:Michael Verhoeven
3440:
3439:
3368:Die andere Heimat
3292:Vincent will Meer
3124:Alles auf Zucker!
2832:FilmFernsehFonds
2827:Baden-Württemberg
2780:After the end of
2692:Wolfgang Petersen
2566:Babelsberg Studio
2435:'s adaptation of
2433:Wolfgang Petersen
2318:(1966), Herzog's
2253:New German Cinema
2198:Jean-Marie Straub
2155:New German Cinema
1935:Harry Alan Towers
1796:Wirtschaftswunder
1749:Wolfgang Borchert
1722:Germany Year Zero
1631:in 1992, but its
1510:'s adaptation of
1458:(The Silent Star)
1363:Nazism and cinema
1016:Raid in St. Pauli
893:multiplane camera
695:French Revolution
652:epic directed by
521:Babelsberg Studio
426:Universum Film AG
331:Babelsberg Studio
179:
178:
88:Main distributors
50:in the 1922 film
32:Cinema of Germany
16:(Redirected from
8780:
8708:Dependencies and
8412:Sovereign states
8398:
8391:
8384:
8375:
8374:
8362:World portal
8360:
8359:
8346:
8345:
8344:
8293:Intercontinental
8113:
8112:
7936:Northern Ireland
7798:
7797:
7319:
7318:
7066:
7065:
7033:
7026:
7019:
7010:
7009:
6945:Cinematographers
6825:
6811:
6810:
6809:
6799:
6792:
6785:
6776:
6775:
6635:Blaney, Martin.
6617:
6610:
6603:
6350:
6336:
6335:
6324:
6318:
6312:
6299:
6293:
6287:
6281:
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6215:
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6185:
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6141:
6135:
6134:
6132:
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6113:
6107:
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6088:
6082:
6081:
6079:
6077:
6063:
6057:
6056:
6049:
6043:
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6024:
6018:
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6010:
6004:
6003:
6001:
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5983:
5977:
5970:
5964:
5957:
5951:
5944:
5938:
5931:
5925:
5918:
5912:
5905:
5896:
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5876:
5863:
5860:
5854:
5853:
5833:
5827:
5826:
5806:
5800:
5799:
5779:
5773:
5772:
5770:
5768:
5753:
5747:
5746:
5744:
5742:
5723:
5717:
5716:
5714:
5712:
5701:
5695:
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5673:
5672:
5670:
5668:
5653:
5647:
5646:
5626:
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5599:
5590:
5589:
5569:
5563:
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5547:
5538:
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5517:
5511:
5510:
5490:
5481:
5480:
5460:
5454:
5441:
5426:
5425:
5418:
5412:
5411:
5399:
5393:
5390:
5384:
5383:
5381:
5379:
5365:
5359:
5358:
5356:
5354:
5345:. Archived from
5335:
5329:
5328:
5326:
5324:
5318:The Cinessential
5310:
5304:
5303:
5285:
5279:
5278:
5265:
5259:
5258:
5232:
5226:
5225:
5213:
5207:
5206:
5182:
5173:
5172:
5165:
5159:
5158:
5156:
5154:
5139:
5133:
5132:
5114:
5108:
5107:
5100:
5089:
5088:
5076:
5070:
5069:
5051:
5040:
5039:
5021:
5015:
5014:
4996:
4987:
4986:
4968:
4962:
4961:
4943:
4937:
4936:
4929:
4923:
4922:
4901:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4890:
4876:
4870:
4869:
4862:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4851:
4836:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4825:
4810:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4799:
4784:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4773:
4762:"Kinoergebnisse"
4758:
4747:
4746:
4717:
4700:
4693:
4686:
4670:
4669:
4668:
4438:
4265:Palatine cuisine
4240:Bavarian cuisine
4003:
3994:
3978:
3977:
3953:Media of Germany
3912:
3907:
3906:
3905:
3898:
3893:
3892:
3891:
3884:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3857:
3843:
3829:
3815:
3801:
3787:
3773:
3759:
3745:
3731:
3717:
3703:
3689:
3675:
3665:Michael Ballhaus
3661:
3647:
3633:
3619:
3605:
3591:
3577:
3567:Marlene Dietrich
3563:
3549:
3535:
3436:
3435:
3434:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3352:
3351:
3350:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3306:Stopped on Track
3276:
3275:
3274:
3258:The White Ribbon
3248:
3247:
3246:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3192:
3191:
3190:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3088:
3087:
2721:inward looking.
2704:Michael Ballhaus
2653:Romuald Karmakar
2300:British New Wave
2206:Werner Schroeter
2118:Aufklärungsfilme
1901:film adaptations
1792:
1782:
1727:Wolfgang Staudte
1589:Angelica Domröse
1569:Traces of Stones
1536:Ulrich Plenzdorf
1500:(Divided Heaven)
1440:children's films
1334:. Riefenstahl's
1332:Leni Riefenstahl
1307:comic operetta.
1234:Leni Riefenstahl
1219:Reichsfachschaft
1207:Reichsfilmkammer
1196:Reichsfilmkammer
1128:Universal Horror
981:Marlene Dietrich
971:and produced by
919:Oskar Fischinger
805:Marlene Dietrich
528:Japanese culture
515:or the American
481:Alfred Hugenberg
456:Berlin-Tempelhof
424:the founding of
415:The outbreak of
353:movement writer
268:Lumière brothers
249:Max Skladanowsky
241:Ottomar Anschütz
68:
41:
29:
28:
21:
8788:
8787:
8783:
8782:
8781:
8779:
8778:
8777:
8758:
8757:
8756:
8751:
8709:
8703:
8689:Northern Cyprus
8671:
8665:
8586:North Macedonia
8407:
8402:
8372:
8367:
8354:
8348:Film portal
8342:
8340:
8331:
8294:
8288:
8251:
8178:
8100:
8047:
8004:North Macedonia
7952:
7869:
7783:
7755:
7640:
7597:
7539:
7372:
7304:
7278:
7232:
7176:
7100:
7055:
7051:National cinema
7042:
7037:
7007:
7002:
6974:
6931:
6908:
6857:
6833:Film chronology
6826:
6815:
6807:
6805:
6803:
6770:Goethe-Institut
6752:
6621:
6528:
6462:
6446:
6407:
6391:
6334:
6332:Further reading
6329:
6328:
6327:
6319:
6315:
6309:Wayback Machine
6300:
6296:
6288:
6284:
6278:Wayback Machine
6269:
6265:
6255:Dieter Kosslick
6253:
6249:
6245:, berlinale.com
6241:
6237:
6231:Wayback Machine
6222:
6218:
6210:
6206:
6201:Wayback Machine
6186:
6182:
6176:Wayback Machine
6167:
6163:
6153:
6151:
6143:
6142:
6138:
6128:
6126:
6115:
6114:
6110:
6100:
6098:
6090:
6089:
6085:
6075:
6073:
6065:
6064:
6060:
6055:. 3 March 2016.
6051:
6050:
6046:
6039:
6025:
6021:
6012:
6011:
6007:
5997:
5995:
5985:
5984:
5980:
5971:
5967:
5958:
5954:
5945:
5941:
5932:
5928:
5919:
5915:
5906:
5899:
5890:
5886:
5877:
5866:
5861:
5857:
5850:
5834:
5830:
5823:
5807:
5803:
5796:
5780:
5776:
5766:
5764:
5754:
5750:
5740:
5738:
5725:
5724:
5720:
5710:
5708:
5703:
5702:
5698:
5688:
5686:
5681:
5680:
5676:
5666:
5664:
5655:
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5650:
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5627:
5623:
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5600:
5593:
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5570:
5566:
5556:
5554:
5549:
5548:
5541:
5534:
5518:
5514:
5507:
5491:
5484:
5477:
5461:
5457:
5451:Wayback Machine
5442:
5429:
5424:. 8 April 2018.
5420:
5419:
5415:
5400:
5396:
5391:
5387:
5377:
5375:
5367:
5366:
5362:
5352:
5350:
5337:
5336:
5332:
5322:
5320:
5314:"M: In Context"
5312:
5311:
5307:
5300:
5286:
5282:
5267:
5266:
5262:
5255:
5233:
5229:
5214:
5210:
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5150:
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5136:
5129:
5115:
5111:
5102:
5101:
5092:
5078:
5077:
5073:
5066:
5052:
5043:
5036:
5022:
5018:
5011:
4997:
4990:
4983:
4969:
4965:
4958:
4944:
4940:
4931:
4930:
4926:
4919:
4909:The Cinema Book
4902:
4898:
4888:
4886:
4878:
4877:
4873:
4864:
4863:
4859:
4849:
4847:
4838:
4837:
4833:
4823:
4821:
4812:
4811:
4807:
4797:
4795:
4786:
4785:
4781:
4771:
4769:
4760:
4759:
4750:
4743:
4721:Marriott, James
4718:
4714:
4704:
4666:
4664:
4657:
4656:
4652:Deutschlandlied
4647:National anthem
4632:
4631:
4620:
4619:
4615:Monuments Lists
4600:
4599:
4590:
4589:
4555:
4554:
4543:
4542:
4518:
4517:
4499:
4498:
4484:
4483:
4472:
4471:
4426:
4425:
4414:
4413:
4304:
4303:
4285:
4284:
4275:Swabian cuisine
4250:Hessian cuisine
4245:Hamburg cuisine
4225:
4224:
4213:
4212:
4199:
4186:
4185:
4170:
4169:
4150:
4149:
4140:
4139:
4101:
4100:
4089:
4088:
4049:
4048:
4037:
4036:
4033:
4015:
4014:
3990:
3976:
3938:Kammerspielfilm
3908:
3903:
3901:
3894:
3889:
3887:
3880:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3863:
3858:
3849:
3844:
3835:
3830:
3821:
3816:
3807:
3802:
3793:
3788:
3779:
3777:Christoph Waltz
3774:
3765:
3760:
3751:
3749:Roland Emmerich
3746:
3737:
3732:
3723:
3718:
3709:
3704:
3695:
3690:
3681:
3676:
3667:
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3550:
3541:
3536:
3527:
3513:
3445:
3430:
3429:
3402:
3401:
3374:
3373:
3348:Jan-Ole Gerster
3346:
3345:
3318:
3317:
3270:
3269:
3242:
3241:
3214:
3213:
3186:
3185:
3158:
3157:
3130:
3129:
3075:
3058:
3053:
3036:Dieter Kosslick
3003:
2924:Rheinland-Pfalz
2822:
2806:
2798:
2745:
2740:
2688:Roland Emmerich
2638:Bernd Eichinger
2598:Wolfgang Becker
2593:Good Bye Lenin!
2574:Constantin Film
2530:
2525:
2496:Oliver Herbrich
2476:Jörg Buttgereit
2453:Bernd Eichinger
2409:
2404:
2166:Alexander Kluge
2157:
2151:
2146:
2101:Christopher Lee
2045:Old Shatterhand
1984:
1979:
1695:Charlie Chaplin
1669:decartelisation
1656:
1651:
1646:
1593:Eva-Maria Hagen
1374:
1369:
1342:Nuremberg Rally
1278:Die große Liebe
1257:The Eternal Jew
1224:Filmbeobachtung
1202:Gleichschaltung
1190:Machtergreifung
1177:Berlin-Steglitz
1123:Joseph Goebbels
1111:, and director
1086:
1081:
1068:Lotte H. Eisner
923:Walter Ruttmann
712:New Objectivity
705:King Henry VIII
650:science-fiction
530:that included "
445:
440:
300:Edgar Allan Poe
285:cinematographer
221:
216:
199:early Hollywood
100:
95:
61:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8786:
8776:
8775:
8770:
8753:
8752:
8750:
8749:
8744:
8739:
8734:
8729:
8724:
8719:
8713:
8711:
8710:other entities
8705:
8704:
8702:
8701:
8696:
8691:
8686:
8681:
8675:
8673:
8667:
8666:
8664:
8663:
8661:United Kingdom
8658:
8653:
8648:
8643:
8638:
8633:
8628:
8623:
8618:
8613:
8608:
8603:
8598:
8593:
8588:
8583:
8578:
8573:
8568:
8563:
8558:
8553:
8548:
8543:
8538:
8533:
8528:
8526:
8521:
8516:
8511:
8506:
8501:
8496:
8491:
8486:
8481:
8476:
8474:Czech Republic
8471:
8466:
8461:
8456:
8451:
8446:
8441:
8436:
8431:
8426:
8421:
8415:
8413:
8409:
8408:
8401:
8400:
8393:
8386:
8378:
8369:
8368:
8366:
8365:
8351:
8336:
8333:
8332:
8330:
8329:
8324:
8319:
8317:Kurdish cinema
8314:
8309:
8307:Balochi cinema
8304:
8298:
8296:
8290:
8289:
8287:
8286:
8281:
8276:
8271:
8265:
8263:
8257:
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8119:
8110:
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8011:
8006:
8001:
7996:
7991:
7986:
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7971:
7966:
7960:
7958:
7954:
7953:
7951:
7950:
7949:
7948:
7943:
7938:
7931:United Kingdom
7928:
7923:
7918:
7913:
7908:
7903:
7898:
7893:
7888:
7883:
7877:
7875:
7871:
7870:
7868:
7867:
7862:
7857:
7856:
7855:
7850:
7848:Russian Empire
7840:
7835:
7830:
7825:
7820:
7818:Czech Republic
7815:
7810:
7804:
7802:
7795:
7789:
7788:
7785:
7784:
7782:
7781:
7780:
7779:
7774:
7772:Russian Empire
7763:
7761:
7757:
7756:
7754:
7753:
7748:
7743:
7738:
7733:
7728:
7723:
7718:
7713:
7708:
7703:
7698:
7697:
7696:
7686:
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4884:The German Way
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3362:Home from Home
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3320:Andreas Dresen
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3296:Ralf Huettner
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3272:Michael Haneke
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3264:Das weiße Band
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3102:Original title
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3021:, also called
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2953:Sachsen-Anhalt
2949:Sachsen-Anhalt
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2930:Saarländisches
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2907:Mitteldeutsche
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2797:
2794:
2769:upward trend.
2744:
2741:
2677:Michael Herbig
2665:Andreas Dresen
2645:Sönke Wortmann
2529:
2526:
2515:RTL Television
2455:and directors
2408:
2405:
2380:Jutta Brückner
2295:Nouvelle Vague
2174:Peter Schamoni
2150:
2147:
1983:
1980:
1966:Romy Schneider
1962:Hildegard Knef
1947:Bernhard Wicki
1893:Einsatzgruppen
1765:Romy Schneider
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1578:Erich Honecker
1558:Ernst Thälmann
1553:hagiographical
1549:Ernst Thälmann
1538:'s novel; and
1517:Jacob the Liar
1418:Jacob the Liar
1415:, director of
1373:
1370:
1172:Titania-Palast
1140:Robert Siodmak
1093:Michael Curtiz
1085:
1082:
1048:Film als Kunst
1038:Rudolf Arnheim
1034:film criticism
995:Bertolt Brecht
964:The Blue Angel
915:Lotte Reiniger
844:radicalization
829:Joseph Delmont
795:Dreyfus affair
781:Tsarist Russia
752:Richard Oswald
721:Joyless Street
690:Madame DuBarry
685:Ernst Lubitsch
674:Ingmar Bergman
540:Shinto shrines
444:
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272:Cinematographe
253:film projector
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159:National films
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6998:Progress Film
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6971:
6970:Screenwriters
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6690:online review
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4733:Carlton Books
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4339:Danish Church
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4235:Baden cuisine
4233:
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4209:
4208:German legend
4206:
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4135:North Frisian
4133:
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4126:
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4120:
4119:Lower Sorbian
4116:
4115:Upper Sorbian
4112:
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3861:Kirsten Dunst
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3721:Werner Herzog
3716:
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3539:Emil Jannings
3534:
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3518:
3511:Personalities
3506:
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3118:Go for Zucker
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3097:English title
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2885:Niedersachsen
2882:
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2879:Niedersachsen
2876:
2874:Filmförderung
2873:
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2766:German states
2764:In 1979, the
2762:
2760:
2756:
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2739:
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2718:
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2697:
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2684:
2682:
2681:Til Schweiger
2678:
2674:
2670:
2669:Dennis Gansel
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2649:Caroline Link
2646:
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2480:Programmkinos
2477:
2473:
2472:splatter film
2468:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2449:Academy Award
2446:
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2344:Heinrich Böll
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2292:, the French
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2203:
2199:
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2194:Werner Herzog
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
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2156:
2145:
2140:
2138:
2136:
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2127:
2123:
2122:sex education
2119:
2115:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2106:Doctor Mabuse
2102:
2098:
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2018:
2014:
2012:
2008:
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1998:
1992:
1988:
1978:
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1936:
1932:
1928:
1927:Artur Brauner
1924:
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1905:Edgar Wallace
1902:
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1637:DEFA-Stiftung
1634:
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1618:
1617:Wolf Biermann
1614:
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1483:Heinrich Mann
1479:
1477:
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1463:
1462:Stanisław Lem
1459:
1457:
1452:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1432:
1424:
1423:Academy Award
1420:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1404:
1403:Progress Film
1400:
1396:
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1379:
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1324:
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1311:
1306:
1305:Johann Strauß
1302:
1301:
1296:
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1290:
1286:
1285:
1284:Wunschkonzert
1280:
1279:
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1080:
1075:
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1069:
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1049:
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1043:Die Weltbühne
1039:
1035:
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1022:
1018:
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1007:
1002:
1001:
996:
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991:
986:
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978:
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954:sound-on-film
952:
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908:
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863:Max Reinhardt
860:
855:
853:
849:
845:
840:
836:
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814:
813:Weimar period
806:
802:
798:
796:
792:
791:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
765:
764:Ritual Murder
759:
758:
753:
749:
748:
743:
742:anti-Semitism
737:
735:
734:
729:
728:
727:Pandora's Box
723:
722:
717:
713:
708:
706:
702:
701:
696:
692:
691:
686:
681:
677:
675:
671:
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647:
646:
641:
640:
635:
631:
627:
626:
621:
620:
615:
610:
606:
602:
601:
596:
592:
588:
584:
581:and artistic
580:
576:
575:expressionist
572:
565:
561:
557:
556:
551:
547:
543:
541:
537:
533:
529:
524:
522:
518:
517:Louise Brooks
514:
506:
502:
498:
494:
493:
488:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
457:
453:
449:
439:
434:
431:
427:
422:
418:
413:
411:
407:
406:mystery films
403:
399:
395:
394:Italian films
391:
387:
382:
380:
376:
372:
368:
362:
360:
359:expressionist
356:
355:Walter Serner
352:
348:
340:
336:
332:
327:
323:
321:
320:Max Reinhardt
317:
313:
309:
308:
304:
301:
297:
291:
289:
286:
282:
278:
277:Oskar Messter
273:
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258:
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250:
246:
242:
234:
230:
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211:
208:
206:
202:
200:
196:
192:
188:
187:German cinema
184:
183:film industry
174:
170:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
107:
103:
102:Sony Pictures
98:
93:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
72:
64:
59:
55:
54:
49:
45:
40:
35:
30:
27:
19:
8699:Transnistria
8503:
8353:
8339:
8327:Soviet Union
8079:German Turks
8073:
7853:Soviet Union
7777:Soviet Union
7731:Saudi Arabia
7631:Turkmenistan
7545:Southeastern
7300:South Africa
7193:Burkina Faso
7040:World cinema
6812:
6735:
6721:
6714:
6698:
6685:
6678:
6671:
6664:
6657:
6650:
6643:
6639:(Bonn, 1992)
6636:
6629:
6339:
6316:
6297:
6285:
6266:
6250:
6238:
6219:
6207:
6191:
6183:
6164:
6152:. Retrieved
6147:
6139:
6127:. Retrieved
6122:Handelsblatt
6120:
6111:
6099:. Retrieved
6095:
6086:
6074:. Retrieved
6070:
6061:
6047:
6028:
6022:
6008:
5996:. Retrieved
5990:
5981:
5973:
5968:
5960:
5955:
5947:
5942:
5934:
5929:
5921:
5916:
5908:
5892:
5887:
5879:
5858:
5838:
5831:
5811:
5804:
5784:
5777:
5765:. Retrieved
5762:The Guardian
5761:
5751:
5739:. Retrieved
5735:the original
5730:
5721:
5709:. Retrieved
5699:
5687:. Retrieved
5677:
5665:. Retrieved
5660:
5651:
5631:
5624:
5604:
5574:
5567:
5555:. Retrieved
5522:
5515:
5495:
5465:
5458:
5416:
5407:
5397:
5388:
5378:28 September
5376:. Retrieved
5373:@GI_weltweit
5372:
5363:
5353:28 September
5351:. Retrieved
5347:the original
5343:The Dissolve
5342:
5333:
5323:28 September
5321:. Retrieved
5317:
5308:
5289:
5283:
5272:
5263:
5240:
5230:
5221:
5211:
5187:
5163:
5151:. Retrieved
5137:
5118:
5112:
5103:
5084:
5080:
5074:
5055:
5025:
5019:
5000:
4972:
4966:
4947:
4941:
4927:
4908:
4899:
4887:. Retrieved
4883:
4874:
4860:
4848:. Retrieved
4844:the original
4834:
4822:. Retrieved
4818:the original
4808:
4796:. Retrieved
4792:the original
4782:
4772:15 September
4770:. Retrieved
4765:
4728:
4715:
4642:Coat of arms
4575:Horse Racing
4532:
4451:
4431:Architecture
4409:Baháʼí Faith
4084:Afro-Germans
4054:Demographics
3968:World cinema
3847:Diane Kruger
3637:Curd Jürgens
3595:F. W. Murnau
3581:Luise Rainer
3456:
3443:Film schools
3423:
3416:
3395:
3388:
3367:
3360:
3339:
3332:
3311:
3304:
3291:
3284:
3263:
3256:
3235:
3228:
3207:
3200:
3180:Vier Minuten
3179:
3174:Four Minutes
3172:
3151:
3144:
3123:
3116:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3082:
3076:
3059:
3040:
3022:
3016:
2976:
2975:
2941:Filmverband
2919:, until 2020
2847:, since 1994
2839:Medienboard
2829:, since 1995
2799:
2790:
2782:World War II
2779:
2771:
2763:
2752:
2748:
2746:
2743:Film funding
2719:
2715:
2712:
2708:
2685:
2642:
2636:produced by
2631:
2621:
2611:
2601:
2591:
2583:Run Lola Run
2581:
2570:Bavaria Film
2563:
2536:
2508:
2492:Dominik Graf
2479:
2469:
2457:Doris Dörrie
2442:
2436:
2429:Otto Waalkes
2424:
2422:
2418:
2392:
2384:Helke Sander
2363:The Tin Drum
2361:
2351:
2348:Günter Grass
2339:Paris, Texas
2337:
2331:
2325:
2319:
2313:
2311:
2306:Gastarbeiter
2304:
2293:
2282:
2269:
2267:
2260:
2256:
2244:
2242:
2224:
2214:
2181:
2158:
2133:
2126:Oswalt Kolle
2117:
2111:
2104:
2093:Tony Kendall
2086:
2083:George Nader
2078:Jerry Cotton
2076:
2065:Heinz Drache
2061:Klaus Kinski
2030:Pierre Brice
2019:
2015:
1999:
1995:
1991:Klaus Kinski
1958:(The Bridge)
1954:
1939:
1920:
1898:
1891:
1883:
1877:
1865:
1859:
1849:
1847:
1841:
1836:
1829:
1818:
1813:
1794:
1773:
1752:
1741:
1730:
1720:
1715:, not least
1706:
1704:
1687:
1685:
1664:World War II
1657:
1636:
1621:
1613:expatriation
1605:Manfred Krug
1601:Hilmar Thate
1585:Egon Günther
1582:
1573:
1567:
1556:
1546:
1539:
1532:Heiner Carow
1525:
1515:
1512:Jurek Becker
1504:Christa Wolf
1496:
1488:Der Untertan
1486:
1480:
1469:
1466:red westerns
1454:
1447:
1436:Trümmerfilme
1429:
1427:
1416:
1375:
1355:
1345:
1335:
1325:
1318:
1308:
1300:Vienna Blood
1298:
1292:
1282:
1276:
1272:World War II
1268:nationalised
1261:
1255:
1252:totalitarian
1249:
1237:
1223:
1218:
1214:
1206:
1200:
1194:
1188:
1186:
1170:
1152:Billy Wilder
1148:Douglas Sirk
1142:. Directors
1116:
1105:Erich Pommer
1089:
1087:
1071:
1055:
1047:
1041:
1031:
1024:
1014:
1004:
998:
988:
973:Erich Pommer
962:
947:
939:
926:
907:Arnold Fanck
899:
897:
882:
870:
856:
832:
810:
789:
762:
755:
745:
738:
731:
730:(1929), and
725:
719:
709:
698:
688:
682:
678:
670:Jean Cocteau
662:horror films
643:
637:
634:Paul Wegener
623:
617:
605:Erich Pommer
598:
595:Robert Wiene
568:
560:Robert Wiene
553:
544:
525:
513:Asta Nielsen
509:
490:
461:
429:
421:French films
414:
402:film serials
398:Henny Porten
383:
379:Asta Nielsen
375:Henny Porten
366:
363:
346:
344:
322:'s company.
312:Paul Wegener
306:
295:
292:
288:Guido Seeber
281:Geneva drive
261:Wintergarten
238:
209:
203:
186:
180:
75:4,803 (2017)
51:
26:
8737:Isle of Man
8672:recognition
8646:Switzerland
8581:Netherlands
8312:Middle East
8279:New Zealand
8172:Puerto Rico
8096:Switzerland
8091:Netherlands
7611:Afghanistan
7578:Philippines
7147:South Sudan
6717:Heidelberg.
6154:13 February
6150:(in German)
6101:25 February
6076:25 February
5667:12 December
4889:25 February
4725:Newman, Kim
4379:Neopaganism
4196:Continental
4165:Oktoberfest
3882:Film portal
3763:Hans Zimmer
3735:Wim Wenders
3609:Karl Freund
3484:Ludwigsburg
3432:Lars Kraume
3376:Edgar Reitz
3188:Chris Kraus
3107:Director(s)
3051:Moviemiento
3031:West Berlin
2845:Brandenburg
2836:, seit 1996
2700:Hans Zimmer
2330:(1974) and
2202:Wim Wenders
2170:Edgar Reitz
2097:Brad Harris
2088:Kommissar X
2057:Rialto Film
1953:-nominated
1942:West German
1931:Kurt Ulrich
1913:Rialto Film
1909:crime films
1825:Omer Bartov
1803:, hospital
1790:Heimatfilms
1708:Trümmerfilm
1689:Stunde Null
1660:Four Powers
1587:and actors
1508:Frank Beyer
1493:Konrad Wolf
1478:countries.
1476:Warsaw Pact
1464:novel, or "
1413:Frank Beyer
1315:Veit Harlan
1281:(1942) and
1156:Kurt Gerron
1144:Edgar Ulmer
1132:Karl Freund
1109:Peter Lorre
1052:Béla Balázs
1026:Kuhle Wampe
1010:as well as
1003:and Lang's
997:adaptation
859:Kammerspiel
821:Otto Gebühr
769:Max Nivelli
700:Anna Boleyn
591:World War I
477:nationalist
452:UFA Studios
417:World War I
386:silent film
316:Stellan Rye
245:Postfuhramt
154:1.48 (2017)
146:122,305,182
130:Documentary
117:128 (60.4%)
97:Walt Disney
48:Count Orlok
44:Max Schreck
18:German film
8762:Categories
8616:San Marino
8576:Montenegro
8556:Luxembourg
8536:Kazakhstan
8439:Azerbaijan
8302:Arab World
8137:Costa Rica
8086:Luxembourg
8019:Yugoslavia
7999:Montenegro
7659:Azerbaijan
7636:Uzbekistan
7626:Tajikistan
7621:Kyrgyzstan
7616:Kazakhstan
7491:Rajasthani
7386:Bangladesh
7198:Cape Verde
7132:Madagascar
6927:Box office
6214:, BBC News
5795:1571819436
4850:5 November
4824:5 November
4798:5 November
4766:www.ffa.de
4731:. London:
4585:Volleyball
4580:Motorsport
4528:Television
4494:Philosophy
4481:Literature
4374:Irreligion
4148:Traditions
3974:References
3515:See also:
3216:Fatih Akın
3044:red carpet
2926:für Kultur
2724:See also:
2618:Tom Tykwer
2608:Fatih Akin
2588:Tom Tykwer
2521:See also:
2400:See also:
2142:See also:
2124:films) of
2091:played by
2081:played by
2041:Lex Barker
1971:See also:
1956:Die Brücke
1888:Ernst Udet
1856:Eva Bartok
1820:Bundeswehr
1815:Rearmament
1805:melodramas
1779:Heimatfilm
1769:Heimatfilm
1699:melodramas
1642:See also:
1541:Solo Sunny
1506:'s novel;
1468:" such as
1444:fairy tale
1442:, notably
1361:See also:
1118:Metropolis
1113:Fritz Lang
1077:See also:
1072:Filmkurier
1012:Hochbaum's
993:, Pabst's
872:Last Laugh
867:Carl Mayer
773:xenophobia
654:Fritz Lang
645:Metropolis
630:Carl Boese
497:Fritz Lang
492:Metropolis
436:See also:
410:Fritz Lang
303:adaptation
264:music hall
191:Babelsberg
133:79 (37.3%)
58:Kim Newman
8727:Gibraltar
8551:Lithuania
8269:Australia
8247:Venezuela
8192:Argentina
8036:Catalonia
7916:Lithuania
7721:Palestine
7583:Singapore
7563:Indonesia
7535:Sri Lanka
7528:Lollywood
7466:Malayalam
7336:Hong Kong
7137:Mauritius
6993:Festivals
6965:Producers
6955:Directors
6950:Composers
6917:Films A–Z
6864:1945–1949
6697:. (2004)
6071:vpnMentor
5551:"History"
4727:(2018) .
4598:Monuments
4291:Festivals
4179:Mythology
4098:Languages
3236:John Rabe
3230:John Rabe
3132:Dani Levy
3023:Berlinale
2986:(City of
2982:Filmbüro
2971:Thüringen
2957:Filmbüro
2922:Stiftung
2915:Filmbüro
2900:Filmbüro
2872:Hessische
2865:Filmbüro
2850:Filmbüro
2657:Dani Levy
2538:John Rabe
2488:Hark Bohm
2474:director
2420:success.
2128:and such
2069:Karin Dor
2059:in which
2049:thrillers
1919:known as
1801:operettas
1745:(Love 47)
1563:Stalinist
1328:Agfacolor
1097:emigrated
1021:communist
951:Tri-Ergon
913:such as;
852:Bolshevik
839:Max Glass
666:film noir
619:Nosferatu
609:hypnotist
579:symbolism
564:film noir
483:in 1927.
469:Paramount
465:Parufamet
430:Vaterland
347:Schaulust
339:Hollywood
259:, at the
114:Fictional
53:Nosferatu
8747:Svalbard
8732:Guernsey
8679:Abkhazia
8631:Slovenia
8626:Slovakia
8601:Portugal
8459:Bulgaria
8237:Suriname
8222:Paraguay
8212:Colombia
8109:Americas
8026:Slovenia
8009:Portugal
7957:Southern
7941:Scotland
7874:Northern
7860:Slovakia
7813:Bulgaria
7760:Northern
7588:Thailand
7573:Malaysia
7558:Cambodia
7523:Pakistan
7496:Sanskrit
7451:Kashmiri
7436:Haryanvi
7431:Gujarati
7411:Bhojpuri
7401:Assamese
7378:Southern
7363:Mongolia
7290:Botswana
7283:Southern
7264:Congo DR
7249:Cameroon
7172:Zimbabwe
7157:Tanzania
7122:Ethiopia
7112:Djibouti
7069:Northern
6305:Archived
6274:Archived
6227:Archived
6197:Archived
6172:Archived
6129:11 April
6096:Statista
5447:Archived
4907:(2007).
4905:Pam Cook
4570:Handball
4560:Football
4445:painters
4399:Hinduism
4394:Buddhism
4309:Religion
4301:Religion
4203:Folklore
4183:folklore
4069:Russians
3983:a series
3981:Part of
3868:See also
3623:Ken Adam
3500:, Munich
3396:Victoria
3390:Victoria
3001:Festival
2988:Nürnberg
2937:Saarland
2820:Regional
2696:Uwe Boll
2673:Uli Edel
2560:in 1990.
2461:Uli Edel
2444:Das Boot
2298:and the
2114:softcore
2037:Winnetou
2026:Karl May
2022:westerns
1917:subgenre
1751:'s play
1743:Liebe 47
1629:Treuhand
1491:(1951);
1181:Art Deco
1058:(1924),
1050:(1932),
901:Bergfilm
831:'s film
817:Prussian
754:'s film
724:(1925),
371:Mannheim
367:Kientopp
296:Kintopps
125:5 (2.4%)
122:Animated
8656:Ukraine
8606:Romania
8566:Moldova
8524:Ireland
8519:Iceland
8514:Hungary
8504:Germany
8499:Georgia
8489:Finland
8484:Estonia
8479:Denmark
8464:Croatia
8449:Belgium
8444:Belarus
8434:Austria
8429:Armenia
8424:Andorra
8419:Albania
8261:Oceania
8242:Uruguay
8231:Iquitos
8217:Ecuador
8197:Bolivia
8157:Jamaica
8074:Germany
8064:Belgium
8059:Austria
8052:Western
8041:Galicia
7974:Croatia
7964:Albania
7906:Ireland
7901:Iceland
7896:Finland
7886:Estonia
7881:Denmark
7865:Ukraine
7838:Romania
7828:Moldova
7823:Hungary
7808:Belarus
7801:Eastern
7711:Lebanon
7674:Georgia
7664:Bahrain
7654:Armenia
7646:Western
7603:Central
7593:Vietnam
7486:Punjabi
7476:Marathi
7461:Konkani
7446:Kannada
7421:Deccani
7406:Bengali
7323:Eastern
7295:Namibia
7237:Central
7223:Senegal
7218:Nigeria
7208:Liberia
7181:Western
7142:Somalia
7117:Eritrea
7105:Eastern
7096:Tunisia
7091:Morocco
7076:Algeria
6960:Editors
5998:14 June
5767:26 June
5741:26 June
5711:26 June
5689:26 June
5557:26 June
5222:Haaretz
5193:175–178
5153:26 June
4629:Symbols
4610:Castles
4467:Theatre
4457:Fashion
4441:artists
4404:Sikhism
4222:Cuisine
4155:Culture
4111:Sorbian
4059:Germans
4012:History
3505:Potsdam
3493:Cologne
3475:Hamburg
3473:(HfbK)
3464:(dffb)
2984:Franken
2943:Sachsen
2858:Hamburg
2804:Federal
2755:Gabriel
2613:Perfume
2603:Head-On
2032:as the
2011:Eurospy
1809:remakes
1785:Bavaria
1347:Olympia
1320:Kolberg
1310:Titanic
1289:musical
1263:Jud Süß
1239:Olympia
1136:Joe May
1070:in the
1062:in the
1046:and in
985:Jutzi's
874:(1924).
790:Dreyfus
587:realism
583:imagery
536:samurai
532:geishas
257:Bioscop
214:History
104:(11.1%)
99:(11.5%)
94:(19.5%)
71:screens
8742:Jersey
8684:Kosovo
8651:Turkey
8641:Sweden
8621:Serbia
8611:Russia
8596:Poland
8591:Norway
8571:Monaco
8541:Latvia
8509:Greece
8494:France
8469:Cyprus
8202:Brazil
8162:Mexico
8130:Quebec
8125:Canada
8069:France
8014:Serbia
7989:Kosovo
7979:Greece
7926:Sweden
7921:Norway
7911:Latvia
7843:Russia
7833:Poland
7793:Europe
7767:Russia
7741:Turkey
7706:Kuwait
7701:Jordan
7694:Jewish
7689:Israel
7669:Cyprus
7506:Telugu
7471:Meitei
7391:Bhutan
7368:Taiwan
7244:Angola
7167:Zambia
7162:Uganda
7061:Africa
6940:Actors
6742:
6728:
6707:
6681:Berlin
6674:(2013)
6646:(2011)
6632:(2008)
6053:"Film"
6035:
5846:
5819:
5792:
5639:
5612:
5582:
5530:
5503:
5473:
5296:
5251:
5199:
5125:
5062:
5032:
5007:
4979:
4954:
4915:
4739:
4533:Cinema
4489:Comics
4452:Cinema
4160:Humour
4130:Danish
4125:Romani
4106:German
4079:Asians
4046:People
3985:on the
3523:, and
3466:Berlin
3340:Oh Boy
3073:Awards
3066:Berlin
3027:Berlin
2977:Lokal:
2889:Bremen
2867:Hessen
2852:Bremen
2841:Berlin
2834:Bayern
2786:Berlin
2736:, and
2554:Berlin
2465:Loriot
2463:, and
2360:) and
2285:auteur
2262:Tatort
2034:Apache
1922:Krimis
1344:, and
1066:, and
977:talkie
777:pogrom
538:, and
501:UNESCO
458:, 1920
390:Danish
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255:, the
92:Warner
8717:Åland
8636:Spain
8561:Malta
8531:Italy
8284:Samoa
8207:Chile
8184:South
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7984:Italy
7946:Wales
7751:Yemen
7736:Syria
7726:Qatar
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7518:Nepal
7501:Tamil
7481:Oriya
7456:Khasi
7441:Hindi
7426:Dogri
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7351:North
7346:Korea
7341:Japan
7331:China
7269:Gabon
7213:Niger
7203:Ghana
7188:Benin
7152:Sudan
7127:Kenya
7086:Libya
7081:Egypt
6904:2020s
6899:2010s
6894:2000s
6889:1990s
6884:1980s
6879:1970s
6874:1960s
6869:1950s
6591:2020s
6584:2010s
6577:2000s
6570:1990s
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6549:1960s
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